View source for Calgranulin

{{Short description|Protein}}
[[File: 1gqm.jpg|thumb|300 px|Calgranulin C hexamer, Human.]]
'''Calgranulin ''' is an [[S100 protein|S100]] calcium-binding protein that is expressed in multiple cell types, including [[renal]] [[epithelial cells]] and [[neutrophils]].

The proteins [[S100A8]] and [[S100A9]] form a [[heterodimer]] called '''[[calprotectin]]'''.

==Human genes==
* ''[[S100A8]]'' (calgranulin A)
* ''[[S100A9]]'' (calgranulin B)
* ''[[S100A12]]'' (calgranulin C)

== Function ==

Some ''in vitro'' evidence suggests that calgranulin can inhibit the precipitation of [[calcium oxalate]] in a [[urine]]-like environment at calgranulin concentrations below physiological concentrations.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pillay S, Asplin J, Coe F |title=Evidence that calgranulin is produced by kidney cells and is an inhibitor of calcium oxalate crystallization |journal=Am J Physiol |volume=275 |issue=2 Pt 2 |pages=F255–61 |date=1 August 1998|doi=10.1152/ajprenal.1998.275.2.F255 |pmid=9691016 |url=http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/275/2/F255 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Thus, it may also function ''in vivo'' as an inhibitor of calcium oxalate [[kidney stone]] formation. However, the role of calgranulin in the stone formation process has not been evaluated.

== See also ==
* [[Faecal calprotectin|Measurement of faecal calprotectin]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* {{MeshName|Calgranulin+A}}
* {{MeshName|Calgranulin+B}}

{{Calcium-binding proteins}}
{{Nerve tissue protein}}
{{Surface antigens}}
{{Portal bar|Biology}}

[[Category:S100 proteins]]