View source for Caernarfonshire

{{Short description|Historic county of Wales}}
{{Distinguish|Carmarthenshire}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox historic subdivision|
| Name                   = Caernarfonshire
| native_name            = {{native name|cy|Sir Gaernarfon}}
| subdivision_type       = [[Historic counties of Wales|Historic county]]
| HQ                     = [[County Hall, Caernarfon|County Hall]], [[Caernarfon]]
| Map                    = {{Switcher
| [[File:Wales Historic Counties map Caernarfonshire.svg|250px|Caernarfonshire shown within Wales]]
| Show location in Wales
| [[File:Caernarfonshire Brit Isles Sect 5.svg|250px|Caernarfonshire shown within England and Wales]]
| Show location in England and Wales
| [[File:Caernarfonshire - British Isles.svg|250px|Caernarfonshire shown within the United Kingdom]]
| Show location in the United Kingdom
}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Caernarfonshire.svg
| flag_caption           = [[Flag of Caernarfonshire]] adopted in 2012
| Motto                  = Cadernid Gwynedd (The strength of Gwynedd)
| year_start             = 1536
| Arms                   = [[File:Caerns arms.png|200px|]]<br>''Coat of arms of Caernarvonshire County Council''
| Code                   = CAE
| CodeName               = [[Chapman code]]
| Government             = Carnarvonshire County Council (1889–1926)<br>Caernarvonshire County Council (1926–1974)
| PopulationFirst        = 66,448<ref name=census_1831>Vision of Britain – [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/census/table_page.jsp?tab_id=GB1831ABS_M%5B1%5D&u_id=10001043&show=DB&min_c=11&max_c=15 1831 census]</ref>
| PopulationFirstYear    = 1831
| AreaFirst              = {{convert|370273|acre|km2}}
| AreaFirstYear          = 1831
| DensityFirst           = 0.2/acre
| DensityFirstYear       = 1831
| PopulationSecond       = 125,043
| PopulationSecondYear   = 1911
| AreaSecond             = {{convert|365986|acre|km2}}
| AreaSecondYear         = 1911
| DensitySecond          = 0.3/acre
| DensitySecondYear      = 1911
| PopulationLast         = 121,767
| PopulationLastYear     = 1961
| AreaLast               = {{convert|364108|acre|km2}}
| AreaLastYear           = 1961
| DensityLast            = 0.3/acre
| DensityLastYear        = 1961
| common_name            = Caernarfonshire
| date_pre               = 1284
| event_pre              = First established by [[Statute of Rhuddlan]]
| year_end               = 1974
| s1                     = Gwynedd
| Status                 = [[Shire county]] under [[Justiciar of North Wales]] (1284–1536)<br />[[History of local government in Wales|Non-administrative county]] (1536–1889)<br />[[Administrative county]] (1889–1974)<br />[[Historic counties of Wales|Historic county]] (non-administrative)
| event1                 = Council established
| date_event1            = 1889
}}
 
'''Caernarfonshire''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ər|ˈ|n|ɑr|v|ən|ʃ|ər}}; {{langx|cy|Sir Gaernarfon}}, {{IPA|cy|ˈsir gaɨ̯rˈnarvɔn}}), previously spelled '''Caernarvonshire''' or '''Carnarvonshire''', was [[Historic counties of Wales|one of the thirteen counties of Wales]] that existed from 1536 until their abolishment in 1974. It was located in the [[North West Wales|north-west]] of [[Wales]].

==Geography==
The county was bounded to the north by the [[Irish Sea]], to the east by [[Denbighshire (historic)|Denbighshire]], to the south by [[Cardigan Bay]] and [[Merionethshire]], and to the west by [[Caernarfon Bay]] and the [[Menai Strait]], which separated it from [[Anglesey]].

The county was largely mountainous. A large part of the [[Snowdonia|Snowdonian Range]] lay in the centre and south-east of the former county, which included [[Snowdon]] itself, the highest mountain in [[Wales]] at 1,085&nbsp;m (3,560&nbsp;ft). The south-west of the county was formed by the [[Llŷn peninsula]], with [[Bardsey Island]] lying off its western end. The north of the county, between the mountains and Menai Strait, had much more subdued relief. The east of the county was part of Vale of Conwy, with the [[River Conwy]] forming much of the eastern boundary. [[Llandudno]] and [[Creuddyn Peninsula|Creuddyn]] formed a small peninsula to the north-east across the Conwy estuary.<ref name=lewis>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=47810#s2 |title=Carnarvonshire |access-date=2008-07-27 |editor=Samuel Lewis  |year=1849 |work=A Topographical Dictionary of Wales |publisher=British History Online}}</ref>

The county included the city of [[Bangor, Wales|Bangor]] and the towns and villages of [[Betws-y-Coed]], [[Caernarfon]], [[Conwy]], [[Llandudno]], [[Porthmadog]] and [[Pwllheli]].

==History==
===Creation===
The county was originally created under the terms of the [[Statute of Rhuddlan]] in 1284 following [[Edward I of England]]'s conquest of the [[Principality of Wales]] and included the ''[[cantref]]i'' of: [[Cantref Llŷn|Llŷn]], [[Cantref Arfon|Arfon]], [[Cantref Arllechwedd|Arllechwedd]] and the ''[[commote]]'' of [[Eifionydd]] (the northern portion of [[Cantref Dunoding|Dunoding]]).<ref>Waters, W. H., The Making of Caernarvonshire, ''Caernarvonshire Historical Society Transactions'', 1942–43</ref>

The county was divided into ten [[Hundred (county division)|hundreds]] based on the existing Welsh commotes: [[Cymydmaen]] (anglicised as Commitmaen), [[Creuddyn, Ceredigion|Creuddyn]], [[Dinllaen]], [[Eifionydd]] (Evionydd), [[Cafflogion]] (Gaflogion), [[Arllechwedd Isaf|Llechwedd Isaf]] (...Isav), [[Arllechwedd Isaf|Llechwedd Uchaf]] (...Uchav), [[Nant Conwy]] (Nant-Conway), [[Is Gwyrfai]] (Isgorvai) and [[Uwch Gwyrfai]] (Uchgorvai).<ref name=lewis/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/gaztext_page.jsp?u_id=10134651&c_id=10001043 |title=Carnarvonshire |access-date=2008-07-27 |author=John Bartholomew |year=1887 |work=Gazeteer of the British Isles |publisher=Vision of Britain }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

===19th and 20th centuries===
During the 19th century the population increased steadily, from 46,000 in the 1801 census, to 81,093 in 1841, and up to 137,000 in the 1901 census (figures given for the [[registration county]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10107349&c_id=10001043&add=N |title=Caernarfonshire |access-date=2008-07-27 |work=Vision of Britain }}</ref>

===Governance===
[[File:County Hall in Caernarfon (7358).jpg|thumb|[[County Hall, Caernarfon]]]]
In 1889, elected county councils were established under the [[Local Government Act 1888]], taking over administrative functions previously performed by unelected [[magistrate]]s at the county's [[quarter sessions]]. The 1888 Act also adjusted county boundaries where [[urban sanitary district]]s straddled county boundaries to place each such district wholly in one county. Caernarfonshire therefore ceded its part of the [[Colwyn Bay|Colwyn Bay and Colwyn]] district to [[Denbighshire]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pulling |first1=Alexander |title=A Handbook for County Authorities |date=1889 |publisher=William Clowes and Sons |location=London |page=21 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/A_Handbook_for_County_Authorities/L2JHAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA21&printsec=frontcover |access-date=12 March 2025}}</ref>

The county and the town after which it was named were officially spelled "Carnarvon" until 1926. At a meeting on 10 November 1925 the borough council resolved to ask the county council to change the spelling to "Caernarvon".<ref>{{cite news |title=Caernarvon |url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search-newspapers |access-date=7 March 2024 |work=Lancashire Evening Post |date=11 November 1925 |location=Preston |page=4}}</ref> The county council gave permission for the change of spelling for the name of the borough with effect from 14 January 1926, and at the same time decided to ask the government to also change the spelling of the county's name to Caernarvon.<ref>{{cite news |title=Caernarvon |url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search-newspapers |access-date=7 March 2024 |work=Holyhead Mail |date=15 January 1926 |page=5}}</ref> The government confirmed the change in the spelling of the county's name with effect from 1 July 1926.<ref>{{cite book |title=Census of England and Wales, 1931: Counties of Anglesey and Caernarvon |date=1932 |publisher=Census Office |page=8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoIcAAAAIAAJ&q=1931%20census%20caernarvon%20carnarvon |access-date=7 March 2024}}</ref>

The county council was based at [[County Hall, Caernarfon]].<ref>{{NHAW|num=3828|desc=County Hall, Caernarfon|accessdate=15 April 2020}}</ref>

The county contained five ancient [[borough]]s. Two of these (Caernarfon and Pwllheli) were reformed in 1835 by the [[Municipal Corporations Act 1835|Municipal Corporations Act]]. Criccieth established a special body of commissioners in 1873.<ref name=nov26_1872>{{London Gazette |issue=23923 |date=1872-11-26 |page=5706 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlw.org.uk/cgi-bin/anw/search2?coll_id=2752&inst_id=37&term=Criccieth%20%7C%20Wales |title=Criccieth Urban District Council, records |access-date=2008-07-27 |work=Access to Archives |publisher=The National Archives }}</ref> Conwy (then called Conway in English) was reformed to become a [[municipal borough]] in 1877.<ref>{{cite news |title=Conway: Its charter and corporation |url=https://newspapers.library.wales/view/4515213/4515217/21/ |access-date=9 November 2022 |work=North Wales Chronicle |date=17 March 1877 |location=Bangor |page=4}}</ref> The remaining borough, the [[Bangor, Gwynedd|City of Bangor]] was not reformed until 1883.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlw.org.uk/cgi-bin/anw/search2?coll_id=2727&inst_id=37&term=Deeds%20%7C%20Wales%20%7C%20Bangor |title=Bangor Borough Council records |access-date=2008-07-27 |work=Access to Archives |publisher=The National Archives }}</ref>

Under the [[Public Health Act 1848]] and the [[Local Government Act 1858]] a number of towns were created local board districts or local government districts respectively, with [[local board of health|local boards]] to govern their areas. Other towns became improvement commissioners' districts by private [[act of parliament]]. In 1872 these, along with the municipal boroughs, became urban [[sanitary district]]s. At the same time the remainder of the county was divided into rural sanitary districts, some of which crossed county boundaries. The [[Local Government Act 1894]] redesignated these as [[Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland)|urban]] and [[rural district]]s. A [[Local Government Act 1929|county review order]] in 1934 made changes to the county's districts.<ref name=walescen31>Census of Wales 1931, part 2</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Sanitary district 1872–1894 || County district 1894–1934 || Changes 1934–1974
|-
| [[Bangor, Gwynedd|City of Bangor]] ([[municipal borough]])  
| City of Bangor (municipal borough)
| Absorbed part of Ogwen RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/> 
|-
| Bangor RSD (part)
| [[Ogwen Rural District|Ogwen RD]]
| Lost territory to Bangor MB, Nant Conway RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| [[Bethesda, Wales|Bethesda]] ICD (1854), LGD (1863)<ref name=sept4_1863>{{London Gazette |issue=22768 |date=1863-09-04 |page=4328 }}</ref>
| Bethesda UD
| ''None''
|-
| [[Caernarfon|Carnarvon]] municipal borough
| Renamed Caernarvon in 1926<ref name=1931census>Census of England and Wales 1931, County Report, Caernarvonshire</ref> 
| ''None''
|-
| Carnarvon RSD (part)
| [[Gwyrfai Rural District|Gwyrfai RD]]
| Absorbed part of Glaslyn RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| [[Conwy|Conway]] municipal borough
| Conway municipal borough
| Municipal borough created 1877. Absorbed part of Conway RD.<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| Conway RSD
| [[Conway Rural District|Conway RD]]
| Abolished 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| [[Criccieth]] ICD (1873)
| [[Criccieth Urban District|Criccieth UD]]
| Absorbed part of Glaslyn RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|- 
| [[Ffestiniog|Festiniog]] RSD
| [[Glaslyn Rural District|Glaslyn RD]]
| Abolished 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| [[Llandudno]] ICD (1874)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlw.org.uk/cgi-bin/anw/fulldesc_nofr?inst_id=46&coll_id=1860&expand=1860A |title=Llandudno Urban District Council records |access-date=2008-07-27 |work=Access to Archives |publisher=The National Archives }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| Llandudno UD
| Absorbed part of Conway RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| [[Llanfairfechan]] LGD (1872)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlw.org.uk/cgi-bin/anw/fulldesc_nofr?inst_id=46&coll_id=1857&expand= |title=Llanfairfechan Urban District Council records |access-date=2008-07-27 |work=Access to Archives |publisher=The National Archives }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| Llanfairfechan UD
| ''None''
|-
| rowspan=2| [[Llanrwst]] RSD (part)
| [[Geirionydd Rural District|Geirionydd RD]]
| Formed [[Nant Conway Rural District|Nant Conway RD]] by amalgamation with parts of Conway RD, Ogwen RD<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| 1898: [[Bettws-y-Coed]] UD<ref name=1901census>Census of England and Wales 1901, County Report, Carnarvonshire</ref>
| ''None''
|-
| [[Penmaenmawr]] LGD (1866)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlw.org.uk/cgi-bin/anw/fulldesc_nofr?inst_id=46&coll_id=1858&expand=1858A |title=Penmaenmawr Urban District Council records |access-date=2008-07-27 |work=Access to Archives |publisher=The National Archives }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| Penmaenmawr UD
| ''None''
|-
| [[Pwllheli]] municipal borough
| Pwllheli municipal borough
| ''None''
|-
| Pwllheli RSD
| [[Lleyn Rural District|Lleyn RD]]
| Absorbed part of Glaslyn RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|-
| Ynyscynhaiarn LBD (1858)<ref name=feb4_1858>{{London Gazette |issue=22092 |date=1858-02-04 |page=550 }}</ref>
| Ynyscynhaiarn UD<br>
''renamed'' [[Porthmadog Urban District|Porthmadog UD]] 1915<ref>Census of England and Wales 1921, County Report, Carnarvonshire</ref>
| Absorbed part of Glaslyn RD 1934<ref name=walescen31/>
|}

The [[civil parish]] of [[Llysfaen]] was a detached [[exclave]] of the county.  On 1 April 1923 Llysfaen was transferred to the county of [[Denbighshire (historic)|Denbighshire]].

Under the [[Local Government Act 1972]] the administrative county of Caernarvonshire was abolished on 1 April 1974. It was largely split between the three districts of [[District of Aberconwy|Aberconwy]], [[District of Arfon|Arfon]] and [[Dwyfor]] of [[Gwynedd]] (along with [[Merionethshire]] and [[Anglesey]]). Until 1974, Caernarvonshire was divided into [[civil parish]]es for the purpose of local government; these in large part equated to [[parish|ecclesiastical parishes]] (see the table below), most of which still exist as part of the Church in Wales.<ref>{{cite web|title=GENUKI: Caernarvonshire Parishes|url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/wal/CAE/parishes/indexpars|access-date=28 September 2024}}</ref>

=== Parishes ===
Chapelries are listed in italics.
{| class="wikitable"
!Hundred
!Parishes
|-
!Commitmaen
|[[Aberdaron]] (''[[Anelog|Capel Anelog]]'') • [[Bodferin|Bodferin/Bodverin]] • [[Bryncroes]] • [[Llandegwning]] • [[Llanengan]] (''[[Saint Tudwal's Islands|Ynys Tudwal Fach/St Tudwal's Island]]'') • [[Llanfaelrhys]] • [[Llangwnnadl|Llangwnnadl/Llangwnadle]] • [[Sarn Meyllteyrn|Mellteyrn/Meyllteyrn]] • [[Penllech]] • [[Y Rhiw]]
|-
!Creuddyn
|[[Llanrhos|Eglwysrhos]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llandudno]]<sup>C</sup> (''[[Glanwydden]]'') • [[Llangystennin]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llysfaen]]<sup>1C</sup>
|-
!Dinlaen
|[[Abererch]] • [[Boduan|Boduan/Bodvean]] • [[Ceidio]] • [[Edern, Gwynedd|Edern/Edeyrn]] • [[Llandudwen]] • [[Llaniestyn, Gwynedd|Llaniestyn]] • [[Llannor]] • [[Nefyn|Nefyn/Nevin]] • [[Pistyll]] • [[Tudweiliog|Tudweiliog/Tydweiliog]]
|-
![[Eifionydd|Eifionydd/Evionydd]]
|[[Beddgelert|Beddgelert/Bethgelert]] (''[[Nant Gwynant|Capel Nanhwynan]] • [[Nantmor|Capel Nanmor]]'') • [[Criccieth|Cricieth/Criccieth]] • [[Dolbenmaen|Dol-ben-maen]] • [[Llanarmon, Gwynedd|Llanarmon]] • [[Llanfihangel-y-Pennant, Dolbenmaen|Llanfihangel-y-Pennant]] • [[Llangybi, Gwynedd|Llangybi]] • [[Llanystumdwy]] • Penmorfa • [[Treflys]] • Ynyscynhaiarn
|-
!Gafflogian
|[[Botwnnog|Botwnnog/Bottwnog]] • [[Carnguwch|Carnguwch/Carngiwch]] • [[Pwllheli|Denio]] (''[[Penllech]]'') • [[Llanbedrog]] • [[Llanfihangel Bachellaeth]] • [[Llangian]] • [[Penrhos, Gwynedd|Penrhos]]
|-
!Isaf/Isav
|[[Caerhun|Caerhun/Caerhen]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Conwy|Conwy/Conway]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Conwy|Gyffin]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llanbedr-y-Cennin]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llangelynnin, Conwy|Llangelynnin]]<sup>C</sup>
|-
!Isgwrfai/ Isgorvai
|[[Betws Garmon|Betws Garmon/Bettws Garmon]] • [[Caernarfon|Llanbeblig]] (''[[Caernarfon|Caernarfon/Carnarvon]]'') • [[Llanberis]] • [[Llanddeiniolen]] (''[[Dinorwig|Dinas Dinorwig]]'') • [[Llanfaglan]] • [[Llanfair-is-gaer|Llanfair-Is-Gaer]] • [[Llanrug]]
|-
!Nant-Conwy / Nantconway
|[[Betws-y-Coed|Betws-y-coed/Bettws-y-coed]]<sup>C</sup> (''[[Capel Curig]]'') • [[Dolwyddelan]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llanrhychwyn]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Penmachno]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Trefriw]]<sup>C</sup>
|-
!Uchaf/Uchav
|[[Abergwyngregyn|Abergwyngregyn/Abergwyngregin]] • [[Dwygyfylchi]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llandygai|Llandygai/Llandegai]] • [[Llanfairfechan|Llanfair-Fechan]]<sup>C</sup> • [[Llanllechid]]
|-
!Uwch-gwyrfai / Uchgorvai
|[[Bangor, Gwynedd|Bangor]] (''[[Glasinfryn]] • [[Pentir]]'') • [[Clynnog Fawr|Clynnog Fawr/Clynnog Vawr]] • [[Llanaelhaearn|Llanaelhaiarn]] • [[Llandwrog]] (''Betws Gwenriw'') • [[Llanllyfni]] • [[Llanwnda, Gwynedd|Llanwnda]]
|}
<sup>1</sup>an exclave in [[Denbighshire (historic)|Denbighshire]]    

Most of these parishes ended up in Gwynedd, but those marked C ended up in Conwy.

The name Caernarfonshire (this time spelled with an f not a v, following the change of spelling of the town's name from Caernarvon to Caernarfon in 1975)<ref>{{cite web |title=Historical information from 1973 onwards |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ordnancesurvey.co.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fboundary-legislation-changes-from-1973.xls&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |website=Boundary-Line support |publisher=Ordnance Survey |access-date=7 March 2024}}</ref> was very briefly revived as part of the name of an administrative area in 1996, when the [[principal areas of Wales|county]] of '''Caernarfonshire and Merionethshire''' was created. It was, however, renamed Gwynedd almost immediately.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si1998/19980683.htm |title=The Porthmadog Harbour Revision Order 1998 Statutory Instrument 1998 No. 683 |access-date=2008-07-27 |year=1998 |publisher=Office of Public Sector Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/legislation/wales/wsi2002/20023274e.htm |title=The County of Gwynedd (Electoral Changes) Order 2002, Welsh Statutory Instrument 2002 No. 3274 (W.312) |access-date=2008-07-27 |year=2002 |publisher=Office of Public Sector Information}}</ref> Since then Caernarfonshire has been divided between the [[unitary authority|unitary authorities]] of [[Gwynedd]] to the west and [[Conwy (county borough)|Conwy]] to the east.

===Coat of arms===
Caernarvonshire County Council received a grant of [[coat of arms|armorial bearings]] from the [[College of Arms]] in 1949. The shield was a combination of the arms of two great native Princes of Wales. The gold and red quarters bearing lions were the arms of [[Llewelyn the Last]] – now used as the arms of the Principality of Wales. Across this was placed a green [[fess]] or horizontal band, on which were three gold eagles, from the arms of [[Owain Gwynedd]]. According to the poet [[Michael Drayton]], the eagles formed the device on the banner of the Caernarvonshire soldiers at the [[Battle of Agincourt]]. The crest above the shield was a generic castle, representing [[Caernarfon Castle|Caernarfon]], [[Conwy Castle|Conwy]] and [[Criccieth Castle]]s. Behind the castle was the badge of the heir apparent: three ostrich feathers. The [[supporters]] were [[Y ddraig goch|Welsh dragon]]s with fish tails to show that Caernarvonshire was a Welsh maritime county. The supporter stood on a [[compartment (heraldry)|compartment]] of rocks for the rugged coast and mountains of the county. The [[motto]] ''Cadernid Gwynedd'' was adopted by the county council. This was derived from the [[Mabinogion]], and can be translated as "The Strength of Gwynedd".<ref>C Wilfrid Scott-Giles, ''Civic Heraldry of England and Wales'', 2nd edition, London, 1953</ref>

== Legacy ==

===Flag===
The [[Flag of Caernarfonshire]] was registered with the [[Flag Institute]] in March 2012. The pattern of three gold eagles on a green background is a design with a long association with the county, having reputedly been flown by Caernarfonshire soldiers at the [[Battle of Agincourt]] in 1415.

==Places of interest==
*[[Bangor Cathedral]]
*[[Ynys Enlli]] / [[Bardsey Island]] ({{gbmapping|SH1221}});
*[[Caernarfon Castle]] ({{gbmapping|SH4762}});
*[[Conwy Castle]] ({{gbmapping|SH7877}}); 
*[[Criccieth Castle]] ({{gbmapping|SH5000837754}}); 
*[[Great Orme Tramway]] ({{gbmapping|SH7883}}); 
*[[Gwydir Castle]], nr. [[Llanrwst]] ({{gbmapping|SH7961}}); 
*[[Penrhyn Castle]] ({{gbmapping|SH6071}}); 
*[[Swallow Falls]], [[Betws-y-Coed]] ({{gbmapping|SH7657}}); 
*[[Snowdon Mountain Railway]], [[Llanberis]] ({{gbmapping|SH5859}}); 
*[[Ty Mawr Wybrnant]] ({{gbmapping|SH7752}}).

==See also==
*[[Lord Lieutenant of Carnarvonshire]] – chronological list of Lords Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire
*[[High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire|List of High Sheriffs of Caernarvonshire]]
*[[Custos Rotulorum of Caernarvonshire]] – chronological list of Custodes rotulorum of Caernarvonshire
*[[Sheriff of Caernarvonshire]] – chronological list of Sheriffs of Caenarvonshire
*[[Caernarvonshire (UK Parliament constituency)]] – chronological list of MPs for former Caernarvonshire constituency
*[[Unitary Authorities of Wales]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*A.H. Dodd, ''The History of Caernarvonshire'' (Caernarfonshire Historical Society, 1968).
*John Jones, ''Enwau Lleoedd Sir Gaernarfon'' (Caernarfon, 1913). Origin and meanings of place names in the county.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[https://wikishire.co.uk/map/#caernarfonshire/base=outline Map of Caernarfonshire] on Wikishire
*[http://www.caernarfonshire.org/ The Caernarfonshire Association]

{{Historic Counties of Wales|state=collapsed}}
{{Portal bar |United Kingdom |Wales}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Caernarfonshire]]
[[Category:History of Gwynedd]]
[[Category:Historic counties of Wales]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1284]]
[[Category:1280s establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:13th century in Wales]]
[[Category:History of Caernarfonshire| 01]]