View source for CITIC Group

{{Short description|Chinese state-owned investment company}}
{{distinguish|CIT Group|Citigroup}}
{{for|the main subsidiary|CITIC Limited}}
{{Infobox company
| name = CITIC Group Corporation Ltd.
| logo = CITIC Group Logo.png
| image = 中國尊.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| image_caption = Headquarters at [[China Zun]]
| native_name = 中国中信集团有限公司
| native_name_lang = ZH
| type = [[State-owned enterprise]]
| industry = Conglomerate
| founder = [[Rong Yiren]]
| area_served = 
| key_people = {{ubl
|[[Chang Zhenming]] (chairman)
|Jiong Wang (vice chairman, president, Member of Executive Committee and Member of Nomination Committee)
|Jianzhong Dou (Executive Director and Member of Executive Committee)
|Wei Min Ju (CFO)
}}
| products = [[Metals]] <br /> [[Oil & gas]] <br /> [[Construction]] <br />[[Food]]
| services = [[Financial services]] <br /> [[Investments]]
| revenue = [[US$]] 131.2 billion (2023)<ref name=Financials>{{cite web |title=CITIC Group|url=https://fortune.com/company/citic-group/ |website=Fortune Global 500 |publisher=Fortune |access-date=2024-08-24}}</ref>
| operating_income = 
| net_income = [[US$]] 4.124 billion (2023)<ref name=Financials />
| assets = [[US$]] 1,617.6 billion (2023)<ref name=Financials />
| num_employees = 213,290 (2023)<ref name=Financials />
| parent = [[Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Finance]]
| divisions = 
| subsid = [[CITIC Limited]]
| footnotes = in a consolidated basis; equity and profit excluded minority interests; in Chinese Accounting Standards<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citicgroup.com.cn/iwcm/UserFiles/2013/2013-07/AnnualReport2013.rar|title=2013 Annual Report|date=2014|access-date=24 November 2016|publisher=CITIC Group|format=RAR|archive-date=25 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125043135/http://www.citicgroup.com.cn/iwcm/UserFiles/2013/2013-07/AnnualReport2013.rar|url-status=live}}</ref>
| homepage = {{Official URL}}
| foundation = {{start date and age|1979|07|1}}
| location_city = [[Beijing]]
| location_country = China
| location = 
| module = {{Infobox Chinese|child=yes|s=中国中信集团有限公司|t=中國中信集團有限公司|p=Zhōngguó zhōngxìn jítuán yǒuxiàn gōngsī|order=st|altname=CITIC Group|s2=中信集团|t2=中信集團|p2=zhōngxìn jítuán}}
}}

'''CITIC Group Corporation Ltd.''', formerly the '''China International Trust Investment Corporation''' (CITIC), is a [[State-owned enterprise|state-owned]] [[investment company]] of the [[People's Republic of China]], established by [[Rong Yiren]] in 1979 with the approval of [[Deng Xiaoping]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://citicgroup.com.cn/wps/portal/!ut/p/b1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOI9w8zcLULdQoM9XV1MDRxNXL283H09DE1cjPQLsh0VAc_K3bQ!/?lctn=1&flag=61 |title=CITIC Group Corporation: Brief Introduction |newspaper=CITIC Group |access-date=August 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090526/http://citicgroup.com.cn/wps/portal/!ut/p/b1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOI9w8zcLULdQoM9XV1MDRxNXL283H09DE1cjPQLsh0VAc_K3bQ!/?lctn=1&flag=61 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  Its headquarters are in [[Chaoyang District, Beijing|Chaoyang District]], [[Beijing]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citicgroup.com.cn/wps/portal/encitic/lxwm|title=Citic Group Contact|access-date=2012-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310083652/http://www.citicgroup.com.cn/wps/portal/encitic/lxwm|archive-date=2013-03-10|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{as of|2019|post=,}} it is [[China]]'s biggest [[State-owned enterprise|state-run]] [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]]<ref name=liu19>{{cite news |last1=Liu |first1=Alfred |title=Citic Joins Chinese State Firms Boycotting Cathay Pacific |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-15/citic-joins-chinese-state-firms-boycotting-cathay-pacific |access-date=17 August 2019 |work=Bloomberg Business |date=August 14, 2019 |archive-date=2020-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609232731/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-15/citic-joins-chinese-state-firms-boycotting-cathay-pacific |url-status=live }}</ref> with one of the largest pools of [[Net foreign assets|foreign assets]] in the world.<ref name=aboutus>{{cite web|title=CITIC Limited {{!}} Corporate Profile|url=http://www.citic.com/AboutUs/CorporateProfile|website=citic.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923004816/http://www.citic.com/AboutUs/CorporateProfile|archive-date=2017-09-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2023, the company was ranked 71st in the [[Forbes Global 2000]].<ref>{{Cite web|language=en|url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=51d599675ac0|title=The Global 2000 2023|website=Forbes|access-date=2024-02-07|archive-date=2024-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240129031905/https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=4f5ab07e5ac0}}</ref>

==Businesses==

Its initial aim was to "attract and utilize foreign capital, introduce advanced technologies, and adopt advanced and scientific international practice in operation and management."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citic.com/wps/portal/enlimited|title=Citic Limited|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620170208/http://www.citic.com/wps/portal/!ut/p/c4/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gTAx-XEOdAw8BgZyMzA09DR1dLdxcLI39HQ_2CbEdFAGU5jCs!/|archive-date=2012-06-20}}</ref> It now owns 44 subsidiaries including [[China CITIC Bank]], [[CITIC Limited]], CITIC Trust and CITIC Merchant (mainly [[bank]]s) in [[mainland China]], [[Hong Kong]], the [[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2022}}

==History==
[[File:Capital Mansion (20240420141203).jpg|thumb|Capital Mansion was the former headquarters of CITIC from July 1991 to 16 January 2020]]
'''CITIC Group''' was founded as the '''China International Trust Investment Corporation''' ({{lang-zh|s=中国国际信托投资公司}}; <small>abb.</small> '''CITIC'''), a [[State-owned enterprises of China|Chinese state-owned enterprise]] in 1979. In the 1980s, Chinese government founded many for profit corporations, which CITIC was under the leadership of [[Rong Yiren]], a former businessman and politician at that time, who chose to stay in the mainland China in the 1950s after his family business was nationalized.<ref name=book/> His son, [[Larry Yung]],<ref group=nb>Yung was another transliteration of the same surname: {{lang-zh|t=榮|s=荣|p=Róng}}.</ref> was the former chairman of CITIC Group's listed subsidiary [[CITIC Pacific]]. Larry also led the Hong Kong office and parent company of CITIC Pacific since 1986; Larry became a Hong Kong–based businessman since 1978.<ref name=book/> Throughout the 1980s, [[Xiong Xianghui]] served as CITIC vice chair and significant CITIC leadership was drawn from the [[Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department]].<ref name=":34">{{cite book |last=Faligot |first=Roger |title=Chinese Spies: From Chairman Mao to Xi Jinping |title-link=Chinese Spies: From Chairman Mao to Xi Jinping |date=June 2019 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-1-78738-096-7 |pages=204 |language=en |translator-last=Lehrer |translator-first=Natasha |oclc=1104999295 |author-link=Roger Faligot |translator-link=Natasha Lehrer}}</ref>

CITIC Group headquarters was based in Beijing; Hong Kong office was formally opened in 1985.<ref name=book/> The mainland-based [[CITIC Bank]] was founded by the group in 1984.<ref name=book>{{cite book|script-title=zh:香港中資財團|title=Xiānggǎng zhōngzī Cáituán|chapter=Róng Yìrén yǔ Zhōngxìn de dànshēng|script-chapter=zh:榮毅仁與中信的誕生|author=郭國燦 [Guócàn, Guō] |location=Hong Kong |publisher=Joint Publishing ([[Sino United Publishing]])|language=zh-hant|isbn=978-962-04-2886-9|date=October 2009|edition=1|pages=71–81}}</ref> The group also acquired 12.5% stake of the Hong Kong flag carrier [[Cathay Pacific]] in 1987,<ref name=book/> and became a member of a [[shareholders' agreement]] in 2006;<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mpfinance.com/php/daily2.php?node=1514919051005&issue=20180103|script-title=zh:國泰「反狙擊」協議全面曝光 主席需太古提名 非國泰推薦國航禁售股權|date=3 January 2018|access-date=15 August 2019|newspaper=Ming Pao|publisher=Media Chinese International|location=Hong Kong|language=zh-hk|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925043709/https://www.mpfinance.com/php/daily2.php?node=1514919051005&issue=20180103|url-status=live}}</ref> the stake was sold to fellow state-owned company [[Air China]] in 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20090818/00202_001.html|script-title=zh:中信掟國泰套73億|date=18 August 2009|access-date=15 August 2019|location=Hong Kong|newspaper=Oriental Daily News|publisher=Oriental Press Group|language=zh-hk|archive-date=29 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429041741/http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20090818/00202_001.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The group also acquired Hong Kong–based [[Ka Wah Bank]] in 1986.<ref name=book/> In 1990, the group also absorbed some of the subsidiaries of another state-owned company, {{lang-zh|s=中国康华发展总公司|labels=no}}.<ref>{{cite journal|script-title=zh:国务院办公厅转发中国康华发展总公司关于所属子公司撤并转方案请示的通知|date=7 February 1990|journal=国办发|volume=1990|issue=5|language=zh-cn|publisher=General Office of the State Council|location=Beijing}}</ref> Other notable acquisitions included 38.3% stake of another airline [[Dragonair]], 20% stake of [[Hong Kong Telecom]], etc.<ref name=book/>

CITIC also acquired a Hong Kong listed company and renamed to [[CITIC Pacific]] in the 1990s.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}}

===2000s===
{{main|CITIC Limited}}
Beginning in 2008, CITIC Group had the lead role in developing [[Quilamba]] in Angola as part of an exchange of Chinese construction materials and expertise for Angolan natural resources.<ref name=":Curtis&Klaus">{{Cite book |last1=Curtis |first1=Simon |title=The Belt and Road City: Geopolitics, Urbanization, and China's Search for a New International Order |last2=Klaus |first2=Ian |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |isbn=9780300266900 |location=New Haven and London |publication-date=2024 |doi=10.2307/jj.11589102 |jstor=jj.11589102}}</ref>{{Rp|page=125}}

Its subsidiary, [[CITIC Pacific]] ({{lang-zh|c=中信泰富}}, now known as CITIC Limited), made unauthorized bets on the foreign currency market in October 2008 and lost [[HKD|HK$]]14.7 billion ([[USD|US$]]1.9 billion, when accounted for in [[mark-to-market]] terms). [[Senior management|Senior executives]] such as Financial Controller Chau Chi-Yin and Group Finance Director Leslie Chang resigned.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/20/business/worldbusiness/20iht-citic.3.17108990.html |author=Keith Bradsher |title=Citic Pacific could lose $2 billion from foreign exchange trading |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=2008-10-20 |access-date=2012-02-24 |archive-date=2011-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224064149/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/20/business/worldbusiness/20iht-citic.3.17108990.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-citicpacific-idUSTRE49J5NI20081020 |author=Alison Leung, Ruth Wong |title=CITIC Pacific warns potential $2 billion forex losses |work=[[Reuters]] |date=2008-10-20 |access-date=2017-06-30 |archive-date=2015-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107080803/http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/10/20/us-citicpacific-idUSTRE49J5NI20081020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_print.asp?art_id=73153&sid=21085671|title=Heads roll as $15.5b losses loom|date=2008-10-21|author=Katherine Ng|publisher=[[The Standard (Hong Kong)|The Standard]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026101329/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_print.asp?art_id=73153&sid=21085671|archive-date=2012-10-26}}</ref> Its stock price plunged 55.1 percent upon the resumption of trade.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hk.news.yahoo.com/article/081021/3/8tvg.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081026011839/http://hk.news.yahoo.com/article/081021/3/8tvg.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-10-26|script-title=zh:中信泰富暴挫55.1%|work=Sing Tao Daily|date=2008-10-21|language=zh-hk|via=yahoo!}}</ref>

In 2015, CITIC Group sold 10% stake of [[CITIC Limited]] to a joint-venture of [[Itochu]] and [[Charoen Pokphand]] for [[Hong Kong dollar|HK$]]34.4&nbsp;[[1,000,000,000|billion]] (US$4.54&nbsp;billion); the joint venture also subscribed new convertible preferred shares for HK$45.9&nbsp;billion (or US$5.9&nbsp;billion).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.itochu.co.jp/en/news/press/2015/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2016/09/02/news_150120_en.pdf|title=CITIC Limited Receives Investment from Charoen Pokphand Group and ITOCHU|date=20 January 2015|access-date=20 October 2016|publisher=Itochu, Charoen Pokphand and CITIC Group|archive-date=21 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021011113/https://www.itochu.co.jp/en/news/press/2015/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2016/09/02/news_150120_en.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> It was reported it was the largest investment ever made by a Japanese general trading company.<ref>{{cite news|title=Itochu, CP to jointly invest 1 trillion yen in China's CITIC Group|url=http://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Deals/Itochu-CP-to-jointly-invest-1-trillion-yen-in-China-s-Citic-Group|access-date=22 January 2015|agency=Nikkei|date=20 January 2015|archive-date=22 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122103454/http://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Deals/Itochu-CP-to-jointly-invest-1-trillion-yen-in-China-s-Citic-Group|url-status=live}}</ref> The transaction is also the largest acquisition in China by a Japanese company, and the largest investment by foreigners in a Chinese state-owned enterprise.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fukase|first1=Atsuko|title=Thaw in Japan-China Business Ties? Itochu's CITIC Deal Towers Above Others|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2015/01/20/thaw-in-japan-china-business-ties-itochus-citic-deal-towers-above-others/|access-date=22 January 2015|work=Wall Street Journal Japan Real Time|date=20 January 2015|archive-date=13 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913192425/https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2015/01/20/thaw-in-japan-china-business-ties-itochus-citic-deal-towers-above-others/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2023, [[China Huarong Asset Management]], the company that manages the troubled assets, contracted to buy 5.01 percent of Citic Limited for [[HK]]$13.6 billion (US$1.7 billion). Huarong will acquire a stake from CITIC Group’s subsidiary, Citic Polaris. In addition, Huarong plans to change the name to China Citic Financial Asset Management. The deal is a return on the investment that CITIC invested in 2021, leading the rescue of Huarong.<ref>{{Cite web|language=en|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-11-15/china-huarong-buys-5-stake-in-citic-for-1-74-billion?leadSource=uverify%20wall|title=Huarong Sends $1.7 Billion Back to Citic After Asset Sales|website=Bloomberg|access-date=2024-02-27|archive-date=2024-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228023135/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-11-15/china-huarong-buys-5-stake-in-citic-for-1-74-billion?leadSource=uverify%20wall}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|language=en|url=https://www.caixinglobal.com/2023-11-16/huarong-sends-17-billion-back-to-citic-group-after-asset-sales-102136472.html|title=Huarong Sends $1.7 Billion Back to Citic Group After Asset Sales|website=Caixin Global|access-date=2024-02-27|archive-date=2024-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228023621/https://www.caixinglobal.com/2023-11-16/huarong-sends-17-billion-back-to-citic-group-after-asset-sales-102136472.html}}</ref>

== CITIC CEFC bond default ==

In November 2016, CITIC CLSA acted as the sole bookrunner for CEFC Shanghai's US$250 bond issuance. CITIC CLSA hid from the market that the bond deal was only 60% subscribed at pricing.  It manipulated the bond price in the secondary market in an effort to offload the 100mm USD bond CITIC CLSA held on its balance sheet.<ref name="debtwire.com">{{Cite news|url = https://www.debtwire.com/info/cefc-energy-retail-bondholders-file-sfc-complaint-against-bond-bookrunner-clsa|title = UPDATE 1- CEFC Energy Retail Bondholders File SFC Complaint against Bond Bookrunner CLSA|newspaper = Debtwire|date = 2020-12-30|access-date = 2021-03-29|archive-date = 2021-04-20|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210420005432/https://www.debtwire.com/info/cefc-energy-retail-bondholders-file-sfc-complaint-against-bond-bookrunner-clsa|url-status = live}}</ref>

In May 2018, CITIC Group announced they would repay ca 450 million euros owed by CEFC Europe to finance and banking group [[J&T]] within days but since the debt was not paid a week later, J&T announced it had taken over shareholder rights and installed crisis management at CEFC Europe.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.reuters.com/article/china-cefc-czech-citic/update-1-chinas-citic-to-pay-cefc-europes-450-mln-euro-debt-cefc-official-idUSL8N1SG7V8|title = UPDATE 1-China's CITIC to pay CEFC Europe's 450 MLN euro debt - CEFC official|newspaper = Reuters|date = 2018-05-09|access-date = 2021-03-29|archive-date = 2021-04-29|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210429043126/https://www.reuters.com/article/china-cefc-czech-citic/update-1-chinas-citic-to-pay-cefc-europes-450-mln-euro-debt-cefc-official-idUSL8N1SG7V8|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url = https://uk.reuters.com/article/china-cefc-czech/update-1-jt-private-investments-says-takes-over-shareholder-rights-in-cefc-europe-idUKL5N1SO6E5|title = UPDATE 2-J&T Private Investments says takes over shareholder rights in CEFC Europe|newspaper = Reuters|date = 2018-05-17|access-date = 2021-03-29|archive-date = 2018-07-05|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180705080803/https://uk.reuters.com/article/china-cefc-czech/update-1-jt-private-investments-says-takes-over-shareholder-rights-in-cefc-europe-idUKL5N1SO6E5|url-status = dead}}</ref> Several days later, CEFC Shanghai defaulted on $327 million in bond payments, and offered to make the payments six months after the maturity date.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.reuters.com/article/china-bonds-cefc/update-1-cefc-shanghai-international-defaults-on-327-mln-in-bond-payments-idUSL3N1SS3NB|title = UPDATE 1-CEFC Shanghai International defaults on $327 MLN in bond payments|newspaper = Reuters|date = 2018-05-21|access-date = 2021-03-29|archive-date = 2021-04-29|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210429011149/https://www.reuters.com/article/china-bonds-cefc/update-1-cefc-shanghai-international-defaults-on-327-mln-in-bond-payments-idUSL3N1SS3NB|url-status = live}}</ref>

In October 2020, some retail CEFC bondholders in Hong Kong filed a complaint to the Securities and Futures Commission in Hong Kong against the bond's sole underwriter CITIC CLSA.<ref name="debtwire.com"/>

==Group companies==
* [[CITIC Limited]], a subsidiary of CITIC group in [[Hong Kong]]
** [[CITIC Trust]]
** [[China CITIC Bank]]
*** [[CITIC International Financial Holdings]]
**** [[CITIC Bank International]]
* [[CITIC Resources]]
* [[CITIC Construction]]
* CITIC Newedge
* CITIC Real Estate
* [[CITIC Capital]]
** [[Amoy Food]]
* CITIC Metal Group
* [[CITIC Press Group]]

==Equity investments==
* [[CITIC Guoan Group]] (20.95%)
* [[CITIC Securities]]

==See also==
{{Portal bar|China|Companies}}
* [[CITIC Plaza]], a [[skyscraper]] in [[Guangzhou]]
* [[CITIC Tower]], a skyscraper in [[Hong Kong]]
*[[CITIC Securities]]

==Footnotes==
{{reflist|group=nb}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|CITIC}}
* {{Official website}}

{{CITIC}}
{{Economy of China}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:CITIC Group| ]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of China]]
[[Category:Companies based in Beijing]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies established in 1979]]
[[Category:Chinese companies established in 1979]]
[[Category:Chinese brands]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies of China]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in China]]
[[Category:Chaoyang District, Beijing]]
[[Category:Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:1979 establishments in China]]