View source for Bushwick, Brooklyn

{{Short description|Neighborhood in New York City}}
{{Redirect|Bushwick|the American film|Bushwick (film){{!}}''Bushwick'' (film)}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
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{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Bushwick
| settlement_type                 = [[Neighborhoods of Brooklyn|Neighborhood of Brooklyn]]
| image_skyline                   = Knickerbocker south of park.jpg
| imagesize                       =
| image_alt                       =
| image_caption                   = Knickerbocker Avenue in 2006. It is a main shopping street south of [[Maria Hernandez Park]].
| image                           = <!-- other image (specify File: or Image: namespace) -->
| motto                           =
| nickname                        =
| image_map                       = {{maplink|frame=y|plain=y|frame-align=center|zoom=12|type=shape|from=Neighbourhoods/New York City/Bushwick.map|stroke-color=#000|stroke-width=1}}<!--{{maplink|frame=y|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-lat=40.705|frame-long=-73.975|frame-width=250|frame-height=250|zoom=9|type=point|coord={{coord|40.697|-73.917}}}}-->
| map_alt                         =
| map_caption                     = Location in New York City
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.697|-73.917|type:city_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}

<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = {{flag|New York}}
| subdivision_type2               = [[City]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[New York City]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[Borough (New York City)|Borough]]
| subdivision_name3               = [[Brooklyn]]
| subdivision_type4               = [[Community boards of Brooklyn|Community District]]
| subdivision_name4               = [[Brooklyn Community Board 4|Brooklyn 4]]<ref name="NYCPlanning">{{cite web |title=NYC Planning {{!}} Community Profiles|url=https://communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov/brooklyn/4|website=communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov|publisher=New York City Department of City Planning|access-date=March 18, 2019}}</ref>

<!-- area ---------------------->| area_total_sq_mi                = 1.83
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="PFF2020"/>

<!-- population ---------------->| population_footnotes            = <ref name="PFF2020"/>
| population_total                = 120,741
| population_as_of                = 2020
| population_density_km2          = <!-- for automatic calculation of any density field, use: auto -->
| population_density_sq_mi        = auto
| population_demonym              =
| population_note                 = <!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1              = Ethnicity
| demographics1_footnotes         = <ref name="PFF2020"/>
| demographics1_title1            = Hispanic
| demographics1_info1             = 51.0%
| demographics1_title2            = White
| demographics1_info2             = 23.1%
| demographics1_title3            = Black
| demographics1_info3             = 15.0%
| demographics1_title4            = Asian
| demographics1_info4             = 6.1%
| demographics1_title5            = Others
| demographics1_info5             = 4.7%

<!-- demographics (section 2) -->
| demographics_type2              = Economics
| demographics2_footnotes         =
| demographics2_title2            = [[Median household income|Median income]]
| demographics2_info2             = $33,162

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| timezone1                       = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset1                     = – 05:00
| timezone1_DST                   = [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST                 = – 04:00
| postal_code_type                = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code                     = 11206, 11207, 11221, 11237
| area_code_type                  = [[Telephone numbering plan|Area code]]
| area_code                       = [[Area codes 718, 347, and 929|718, 347, 929]], and [[Area code 917|917]]
| official_name                   =
}}

'''Bushwick''' is a [[neighborhood]] in the northern part of the [[New York City]] [[borough (New York City)|borough]] of [[Brooklyn]]. It is bounded by the neighborhood of [[Ridgewood, Queens]], to the northeast; [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn|Williamsburg]] to the northwest; the cemeteries of [[Highland Park, Brooklyn|Highland Park]] to the southeast; and [[Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn|Bedford–Stuyvesant]] to the south and southwest.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Department of Sociology, Sociology of Brooklyn Page|url=http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/sociology/brooklynlinks.html|publisher=brooklyn.cuny.edu|access-date=May 5, 2011}}</ref>

The town was first founded by the Dutch as Boswijck during the [[Dutch colonization of the Americas#Mainland In North America|Dutch colonization of the Americas]] in the 17th century. In the 19th century, the neighborhood became a community of German immigrants and their descendants. The 20th century saw an influx of [[Italian Americans|Italian immigrants]] and Italian-Americans up to the 1980s. By the late 20th century, the neighborhood became predominantly [[Hispanic]] as another wave of immigrants arrived. Formerly Brooklyn's 18th Ward, the neighborhood was once an independent town and has undergone various territorial changes throughout its history.

Bushwick is part of [[Brooklyn Community Board 4|Brooklyn Community District 4]], and its primary [[ZIP Code]]s are 11206, 11207, 11221, and 11237.<ref name="NYCPlanning" /> It is patrolled by the 83rd Precinct of the [[New York City Police Department]].<ref name="NYPD 83rd Precinct"/> Politically it is represented by the [[New York City Council]]'s 34th and 37th Districts.<ref name="ReferenceA">[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dc/downloads/pdf/brooklyn.pdf Current City Council Districts for Kings County], [[New York City]]. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Bushwick.png|thumb|250px|A community district/[[community boards of New York City|community board]] map of Brooklyn, highlighting the location of Bushwick in red]]
Bushwick's borders largely overlap those of [[Brooklyn Community Board 4]], which is delineated by [[Flushing Avenue]] on the north, [[Broadway (Brooklyn)|Broadway]] on the southwest, the border with [[Queens]] to the northeast, and the [[Cemetery of the Evergreens]] on the southeast. The industrial area north of Flushing Avenue, east of Bushwick Avenue, and south of Grand Street is commonly considered to be either [[East Williamsburg, Brooklyn|East Williamsburg]] or part of Bushwick, occasionally with the modifier "Industrial Bushwick".<ref>{{cite web|title=Grimy, Industrial Bushwick Is a New Hotbed of Galleries|url=http://artsamerica.org/art-news-posts/grimy-industrial-bushwick-is-a-new-hotbed-of-galleries/|work=Art America|date=March 8, 2012|access-date=January 14, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Vitullo-Martin|first=Julia|title=Bushwick Buzzing, but Not Quite Ready for Prime Time|url=http://www.nysun.com/real-estate/bushwick-buzzing-but-not-quite-ready-for-prime/52812/|work=New York Sun|access-date=January 14, 2013}}</ref>

The town of Bushwick—which, along with Brooklyn and Bedford, became incorporated as the city of Brooklyn on January 1, 1854—included present-day Williamsburg and Greenpoint.<ref name="Goodwin">[http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/arch_reports/248.pdf DOCUMENTARY STUDY: 55 GOODWIN PLACE HOUSING SITE], Borough of Brooklyn, for New York city Department of Housing Preservation and Development. Revised October 1989.</ref><ref>[http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/2496.pdf Bedford Stuyvesant/Expanded Stuyvesant Heights Historic District: Designation Report]</ref> Prior to the merger, in the early 19th century, residential development in the area had begun when the new district of Williamsburg was laid out in western Bushwick. Williamsburg was incorporated in 1827 and officially severed from Bushwick in 1839.<ref name=Goodwin/> Present-day [[East Williamsburg]], which was not part of the city of Williamsburg, was originally organized primarily as Brooklyn's 18th Ward from the annexation of Bushwick.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc-architecture.com/WBG/wbg-history.htm|title=New York Architecture Images- Williamsburg, Brooklyn-History|website=www.nyc-architecture.com}}</ref> Now part of [[Brooklyn Community Board 1|Brooklyn Community District 1]], the area of East Williamsburg is nevertheless considered by some to be part of Bushwick.<ref>[http://www.bushwickbiennial.com/scrapworm_boswijk_bb.pdf Boswijk: Town of the Woods]</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FJJ5AEMd2HsC&pg=PA82|title=Newcomer's Handbook for Moving to and Living in New York City|author=Jack Finnegan|year=2007|page=82|publisher=First Books |isbn=9780912301723|quote=As if those boundaries weren't loose enough, you'll hear objections to the name East Williamsburg itself, and also to its delineations, as the area is considered by many to be part of neighboring Bushwick.}}</ref><ref>[https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/applicants/env-review/pfizer/08_feis.pdf Pfizer Sites Rezoning EIS, Chapter 8: Urban Design and Visual Resources]. "The Northern Sub-Area is the eight block area lying to northeast of Broadway and roughly bounded by Montrose, Manhattan and Graham Avenues on the north and east. ... This area is variously identified as being the western portion of Bushwick or part of East Williamsburg."</ref>

For its entry on Bushwick–Ridgewood, the [[American Institute of Architects]]' ''[[AIA Guide to New York City]]'' uses the area bounded by the [[Rural Cemetery Act|Cemetery Belt]] on the south, Bushwick Avenue on the west (save for a short distance between Bushwick Avenue's northern terminus and the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway, where Woodpoint Road and Kingsland Avenue are the western boundaries), the [[Brooklyn–Queens Expressway]] on the north, and the Brooklyn–Queens border on the east—thus including the industrial area north of [[Flushing Avenue]] and east of Bushwick Avenue.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/aiaguidetonewyor00will/page/678/mode/2up|title=AIA Guide to New York City |author=Elliot Wilensky & Norval White |publisher = Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers |year=1988 |edition = 3 |pages=676–79}}</ref>

The [[centroid]], or [[geographic center]], of New York City is located on Stockholm Street in Bushwick, on the block between Wyckoff and St. Nicholas Avenues.<ref>Pollak, Michael. [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/27/nyregion/thecity/still-hailing-that-taxi.html "F.Y.I."], ''[[The New York Times]]'', February 27, 2005. Accessed February 2, 2017. "Q. Where is the geographic center of New York?... According to the Department of City Planning, the population center lies in Maspeth, Queens, near the intersection of Galasso Place and 48th Street, near Maspeth Creek. The geographic center is in Bushwick, Brooklyn, on Stockholm Street between Wyckoff Avenue and St. Nicholas Avenue."</ref><ref>Staff. [https://www.nytimes.com/1937/03/26/archives/citys-hub-placed-in-bushwick-yard-regional-plan-group-finds.html "CITY'S HUB PLACED IN BUSHWICK YARD; Regional Plan Group Finds Geographic Center Is Far From Population Center"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 26, 1937. Accessed February 2, 2017. "The Regional Plan Association, whose offices at 400 Madison Avenue are now found to lie on the northwesterly outskirts of the city, announced yesterday that its engineers have discovered, for the first time, that a certain back yard in the Bushwick area of Brooklyn is the geographical center of New York City.... The association found, in effect, that anyone desiring to be centrally located in New York City in the literal geographic sense must live in that block of brownstone houses bounded by Reid and Stuyvesant Avenues, Van Buren Street and Greene Avenue in Brooklyn."</ref>

==History==
===Bushwick township===
{{New Netherland}}
In 1638, the [[Dutch West India Company]] secured a deed from the local [[Lenape]] people for the Bushwick area, and [[Peter Stuyvesant]] chartered the area in 1661, naming it ''Boswijck'', meaning "neighborhood in the woods" in 17th-century Dutch.<ref name="Citycyclopedia">{{cite enc-nyc|page=171}}</ref><ref>[http://www.blockmagazine.com/block_stock_barrel.php Block, Stock & Barrel] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120520140551/http://www.blockmagazine.com/block_stock_barrel.php |date=May 20, 2012 }}. ''Block Magazine''.</ref> Its area included the modern-day communities of Bushwick, [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn|Williamsburg]], and [[Greenpoint, Brooklyn|Greenpoint]]. Bushwick was the last of the original six [[History of Brooklyn|Dutch towns of Brooklyn]] to be established within [[New Netherland]].

The community was settled, though unchartered, on February 16, 1660, on a plot of land between the Bushwick and Newtown Creeks<ref name="Citycyclopedia"/> by fourteen [[French people|French]] and [[Huguenot]] settlers, a [[Dutch people|Dutch]] translator named Peter Jan De Witt,<ref>[http://www.bklyngenealogyinfo.com/Town/Bushwick/Bushwick2.html History of Bushwick] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080927013303/http://www.bklyngenealogyinfo.com/Town/Bushwick/Bushwick2.html |date=September 27, 2008 }}. Retrieved November 19, 2006</ref> and one of the original eleven [[History of slavery in New York|slaves brought to New Netherland]], Franciscus the Negro, who had worked his way to freedom.<ref>[http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/nyhistoryhs313a,0,5978045.story The Rise of Slavery: New York had the most slaves in the North, and Long Island had almost half of them]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''[[Newsday]]''. Retrieved November 19, 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.innerexplorations.com/home/black.htm A Black History of Jamaica, New York]. Retrieved November 19, 2006</ref> The group centered their settlement on a church located near today's Bushwick and Metropolitan Avenues. The major thoroughfare was Woodpoint Road, which allowed farmers to bring their goods to the town dock.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bklyngenealogyinfo.com/Town/Bushwick/Bushwick4.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=March 7, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114115912/http://www.bklyngenealogyinfo.com/Town/Bushwick/Bushwick4.html |archive-date=January 14, 2009 }}</ref> This original settlement came to be known as ''Het Dorp'' by the Dutch, and, later, Bushwick Green by the British. The [[Kingdom of England|English]] would take over the six towns three years later and unite them under Kings County in 1683.

Many of Bushwick's Dutch records were lost after its annexation by Brooklyn in 1854.<ref name=Williams/> Contemporary reports differ on the reason: T. W. Field writes that "a nice functionary of the [Brooklyn] City Hall ... contemptuously thrust them into his waste-paper sacks",<ref>{{cite book|last=Field|first=T.W.|title=Historic and antiquarian scenes in Brooklyn and its vicinity: with illustrations of some of its antiquities|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028823296|year=1868}}</ref> while Eugene Armbruster claims that the movable bookcase containing the records "was coveted by some municipal officer, who turned its contents upon the floor".<ref>{{cite book|last=Armbruster|first=Eugene|title=The Eastern district of Brooklyn|year=1912|publisher=G. Quattlander}}</ref>

At the turn of the 19th century, Bushwick consisted of four villages: Green Point, Bushwick Shore<ref>[http://www.nycarchitecture.com/GPT/gpthistory.htm Greenpoint History]. Retrieved November 19, 2006</ref> (later known as Williamsburg), Bushwick Green, and Bushwick Crossroads (at the spot where today's Bushwick Avenue turns southeast at [[Flushing Avenue]]).<ref>[http://www.panix.com/~cassidy/stilesv2/v2c9/371.html HISTORY OF BROOKLYN: CHAPTER IX. BUSHWICK AND WILLIAMSBURGH, FROM THE CLOSE OF THE REVOLUTION, UNTIL 1854]. Retrieved November 19, 2006</ref>

Bushwick's first major expansion occurred after it annexed the New Lots of Bushwick, a hilly upland originally claimed by [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] in the first treaties they signed with European [[Colony|colonists]] granting the settlers rights to the lowland on the water. After the second war between the natives and the settlers broke out, the natives fled, leaving the area to be divided among the six towns in Kings County. Bushwick had the prime location to absorb its new tract of land in a contiguous fashion. New Bushwick Lane (Evergreen Avenue), a former Native American trail, was a key thoroughfare for accessing this new tract, which was suitable mostly for [[potato]] and [[cabbage]] agriculture.<ref>[http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/NYBROOKLYN/200003/0953693543 RootsWeb: NYBROOKLYN-L Archives] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527124934/http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/NYBROOKLYN/200003 |date=May 27, 2012 }}. Archiver.rootsweb.com.</ref> This area is bounded roughly by Flushing Avenue to the north and Evergreen Cemetery to the south. In the 1850s, the New Lots of Bushwick area began to develop. References to the town of Bowronville, a new neighborhood contained within the area south of Lafayette Avenue and Stanhope Street, began to appear in the 1850s.<ref>[http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/NYKINGS/200008/0967331525 RootsWeb: NYKINGS-L Archives] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527125218/http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/NYKINGS/200008 |date=May 27, 2012 }}. Archiver.rootsweb.com.</ref><ref>[http://www.brooklyn.net/neighborhoods/obsolete_street_names.html Obsolete Brooklyn Street Names]. Brooklyn.net (November 15, 2003).</ref>

The area known as Bushwick Shore was so called for about 140 years. Bushwick residents called Bushwick Shore "the Strand", the Dutch term for "beach".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.freedict.com/onldict/onldict.php |title=Archived copy |access-date=February 12, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209175026/http://www.freedict.com/onldict/onldict.php |archive-date=February 9, 2007 }}</ref> Bushwick Creek, in the north, and Cripplebush, a region of thick, [[bog]]gy [[shrubland]] extending from Wallabout Creek to [[Newtown Creek]], in the south and east, cut Bushwick Shore off from the other villages in Bushwick. [[Farmers]] and [[Gardening|gardeners]] from the other Bushwick villages sent their goods to Bushwick Shore to be ferried to New York City for sale at a [[Farmers' market|market]] located at the present-day Grand Street. Bushwick Shore's favorable location close to New York City led to the creation of several farming developments. Originally a {{convert|13|acre|m2|adj=on}} development within Bushwick Shore, Williamsburgh rapidly expanded during the first half of the 19th century and eventually seceded from Bushwick to form its own independent city in 1852.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bklyngenealogyinfo.com/Town/Wmsburgh.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=March 7, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114115917/http://www.bklyngenealogyinfo.com/Town/Wmsburgh.html |archive-date=January 14, 2009 }}</ref> Both Bushwick and Williamsburgh were annexed to the City of Brooklyn in 1854.<ref name="Williams">{{cite web|last=Williams|first=Keith|title=Bushwick, Suydam House, and the mark of the Hessians|url=http://theweeklynabe.wordpress.com/2012/10/03/bushwick-brooklyn-suydam-house-hessians/|work=The Weekly Nabe |access-date=October 3, 2012}}</ref>

===Early industry===
When Bushwick was founded, it was primarily an area for farming food and tobacco. As Brooklyn and New York City grew, factories that manufactured sugar, oil, and chemicals were built. The inventor [[Peter Cooper]] built a [[glue factory|glue manufacturing]] plant, his first factory, in Bushwick. Immigrants from [[western Europe]] joined the original Dutch settlers. The Bushwick Chemical Works, at Metropolitan Avenue and [[Grand Street (Brooklyn)|Grand Street]] on the English Kills channel, was another early industry among the lime, plaster, and brickworks, coal yards, and other factories that developed along English Kills, which was dredged and made an important commercial waterway.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/reports/berlenbach.pdf |title=F. J. Berlenbach House Designation Report |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060906121431/http://nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/reports/berlenbach.pdf |archive-date=September 6, 2006}}</ref>

In October 1867, the [[American Institute of the City of New York|American Institute]] awarded Bushwick Chemical Works the first premium for commercial acids of the greatest purity and strength.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.panix.com/~cassidy/stilesv3/v3part4/588.html|title=588 History of Brooklyn|work=[[Panix (ISP)]]}}</ref> The Bushwick Glass Company, later known as [[Brookfield Glass Company]], established itself in 1869, when a local brewer sold it to James Brookfield.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://glassbottlemarks.com/brookfield-glass-company/|title=Bushwick Glass Works (aka Brookfield Glass Company) |work=GlassBottleMarks.com |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> It made a variety of bottles and jars, as well as large numbers of glass electrical insulators for telegraph, telephone and power lines.

[[File:Ulmer Brewery office 31 Belvidere jeh.jpg|thumb|[[William Ulmer Brewery|Ulmer Brewery]]]]
In the 1840s and 1850s, a majority of the immigrants were [[German American|German]], which became the dominant population. Bushwick established a considerable [[brewery]] industry, including "Brewer's Row"—14 breweries operating in a 14-block area—by 1890.<ref name=WlkTrs/><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/01/nyregion/builders-and-brewers-look-to-tap-into-brooklyns-beer-heritage.html|title=Builders and Brewers Honor Brooklyn's Beer Heritage|last=Chaban|first=Matt A. V.|date=August 31, 2015|work=The New York Times|access-date=July 8, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Thus, Bushwick was dubbed the "beer capital of the Northeast". The last Bushwick breweries, the Schaefer's and Rheingold Breweries, closed its doors in 1976.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://brewingtechniques.com/library/backissues/issue2.1/jankowski.html |title=The Bushwick Pilsners: A Look at Hoppier Days |work=BrewingTechniques |date=January 1994 |author=Ben Jankowski |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708092956/http://brewingtechniques.com/library/backissues/issue2.1/jankowski.html |archive-date=July 8, 2011}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> As late as the 1980s, there were unsuccessful efforts to revive the Rheingold Brewery.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/03/nyregion/rheingold-returns-with-a-family-link.html|title=Rheingold Returns With a Family Link|last=Hershenson|first=Roberta|date=May 3, 1998|work=The New York Times|access-date=July 8, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The [[William Ulmer Brewery]] at Beaver and Belvidere Streets was given landmark status by the city in 2010, becoming the first brewery with such a status.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/05/11/city-raises-glass-to-a-brewery-in-brooklyn/|title=City Raises Glass to a Brewery in Brooklyn|last=Newman|first=Andy|date=May 11, 2010|website=City Room|language=en-US|access-date=October 16, 2019}}</ref>

As late as 1883, Bushwick maintained open farming land east of Flushing Avenue.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/NYBROOKLYN/200003/0953693543|title=NYBROOKLYN-L Archives:March 2000 |access-date=December 24, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527124934/http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/NYBROOKLYN/200003 |archive-date=May 27, 2012}}</ref> A synergy developed between the brewers and the farmers during this period, as the dairy farmers collected [[brewer's spent grain|spent grain]] and hops for cow feed. The dairy farmers sold milk and other dairy products to consumers in Brooklyn. Both industries supported blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and feed stores along Flushing Avenue.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyfoodmuseum.org/bkbeer.htm|title=How New York Ate 100 Years Ago {{!}} Beer|work=New York Food Museum|access-date=December 24, 2006}}</ref>

===Railway hub===

[[File:Bushwicklirr.JPG|thumb|The freight-only [[Long Island Rail Road]] [[Bushwick Branch]]]]
[[File:Lower bushwick ave.jpg|thumb|Brownstones and apartment buildings on Bushwick Avenue, near Suydam Street]]
[[File:Bklynrowhouses.JPG|thumb|Brick row houses on Weirfield Street, a style that spreads into Ridgewood, Queens]]

In 1868, the [[Long Island Rail Road]] built the [[Bushwick Branch]] from its hub in [[Jamaica, Queens|Jamaica]] via [[Maspeth]] to Bushwick Terminal, at the intersection of Montrose and Bushwick avenues,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://forgotten-ny.com/2000/10/bushwick-branch-lirr-in-brooklyn/|title=Subways & Trains {{!}} Bushwick Branch: LIRR in Brooklyn|work=Forgotten NY|date=October 4, 2000}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.trainsarefun.com/lirr/bushwick/bushwick.htm |title=Bushwick Branch|work=TrainsAreFun.com}}</ref> allowing easy movement of passengers, raw materials, and finished goods. Routes also radiated to [[Flushing, Queens]].

The first elevated railway ("el") in Brooklyn, known as the [[Lexington Avenue Elevated]], opened in 1885. Its eastern terminus was at the edge of Bushwick, at [[Gates Avenue (BMT Jamaica Line)|Gates Avenue and Broadway]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Early_Rapid_Transit_in_Brooklyn,_1878-1913 |title=Early Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1878–1913|work=NYCSubway.org}}</ref> This line was extended southeastward into [[East New York, Brooklyn|East New York]] shortly thereafter. By the end of 1889, the [[BMT Jamaica Line|Broadway Elevated]] and the [[BMT Myrtle Avenue Line|Myrtle Avenue Elevated]] were completed, enabling easier access to [[Downtown Brooklyn]] and [[Manhattan]] and the rapid [[residential development]] of Bushwick from farmland.

With the success of the brewing industry and the presence of the els, another wave of European immigrants settled in the neighborhood. Also, parts of Bushwick became affluent. Brewery owners and doctors commissioned mansions along Bushwick and Irving Avenues at the turn of the 20th century. New York mayor [[John Francis Hylan]] kept a townhouse on Bushwick Avenue during this period.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://forgotten-ny.com/2001/02/bushwick-brooklyn/|title=Dr. Cook's mansion & other treasures of Bushwick|date=February 25, 2001|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref>

Bushwick homes were designed in the Italianate, Neo Greco, Romanesque Revival, and Queen Anne styles by well-known architects. Bushwick was a center of culture, with several Vaudeville-era playhouses, including the Amphion Theatre, the nation's first theatre with electric lighting.<ref name="rbscc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.rbscc.org/default.asp?menu1_Id=5 |title=The Bushwick Renaissance Initiative|work=[[Ridgewood Bushwick Senior Citizens Council]]|access-date=December 24, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206234317/http://www.rbscc.org/default.asp?menu1_Id=5 |archive-date=February 6, 2009}}</ref>

The wealth of the neighborhood peaked between [[World War I]] and [[World War II]], even when events such as [[Prohibition]] and [[the Great Depression]] were taking place. After World War I, the German enclave was steadily replaced by a significant proportion of [[Italian American]]s. By 1950, Bushwick was one of New York City's largest Italian American neighborhoods, although some German Americans remained.<ref name="WlkTrs">{{cite web|url=https://freetoursbyfoot.com/new-york-tours/brooklyn-tours/bushwick-brooklyn-walking-tour/|title=Bushwick Brooklyn Walking Tour {{!}} Self-Guided|work=Free Tours by Foot|access-date=March 7, 2008}}</ref>

[[File:Barbara RCC Bleecker Central jeh.JPG|thumb|upright|St Barbara's Roman Catholic Church]]
The Italian community was composed almost entirely of Sicilians, mostly from the [[Palermo]], [[Trapani]], and [[Agrigento]] provinces in [[Sicily]]. In particular, the Sicilian townsfolk of Menfi, Santa Margherita di Belice, Trapani, Castelvetrano, and many other ''paesi'' had their own clubs (''clubbu'') in the area. ''Il Circolo di Santa Margherita di Belice'', founded in Bushwick, remains the oldest operating Sicilian organization in the United States. These clubs often started as mutual benevolence associations or funeral societies. They transformed along with the needs of their communities from the late 1800s until the 1960s, when many began to fade away.

St. Joseph Patron of the Universal Church Roman Catholic Parish was the hub of the Sicilian community, and held five feasts during the year, complete with processions of saints or Our Lady of Trapani. St. Joseph opened in 1923 because the Italian community had been rapidly growing in Bushwick since 1900. This Sicilian community first was centered in Our Lady of Pompeii parish on Siegel Street in Williamsburgh.

As industry expanded along [[Flushing Avenue]], the Sicilian population expanded with the growing need for labor by factory operators. St. Leonard's parish was the large German Catholic parish in the area, but the Italian community was not welcome there and was thus compelled to open its own parish. St. Leonard's closed in 1973. St. Joseph's is now a large and vibrant Latino parish run by the Scalabrini Order of priests, an Italian missionary order that caters to migrants.

===Postwar transition and decline===
The demographic transition of Bushwick after World War II was similar to that of many Brooklyn neighborhoods. The U.S. census records show that the neighborhood's population was almost 90% white in 1960, but dropped to less than 40% white by 1970.<ref name="upfromflames.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.upfromflames.com/uff_path/uff_path_demographic_changes.html|title=Mapping Bushwick's Recovery {{!}} The Path To Ruin > Demographic Changes {{!}} Demographic Change in Bushwick in the 1950-60's|author=John A. Dereszewski|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824040003/http://www.upfromflames.com/uff_path/uff_path_demographic_changes.html|archive-date=August 24, 2007}}</ref> During this transition, white-collar workers were being replaced by those migrating from the south. [[Puerto Rican American|Puerto Ricans]], [[African Americans]], among other Caribbean American families, moved into homes in the southeastern edge of the neighborhood, closest to [[Eastern Parkway (Brooklyn)|Eastern Parkway]]. By the mid-1950s, migrants began settling into central Bushwick. The availability of block association housing helped many neighborhoods survive the economic and social distress of the 1970s.<ref name="upfromflames.com" />

This change in [[demographics]] coincided with changes in the local economy. Rising energy costs, advances in transportation and the change to the use of aluminum cans encouraged beer companies to move out of New York City. As breweries in Bushwick closed, the neighborhood's economic base eroded. Discussions of [[urban renewal]] took place in the 1960s, but never materialized, resulting in the demolition of many residential buildings with the intent of replacing these structures with public housing, but nothing new was built in its place as these proposals were scrapped. Another contribution to the change in the socioeconomic profile of the neighborhood was the [[John Lindsay]] administration's policy of raising available rent for welfare recipients. Since these tenants could now bring higher rents than tenants would on the open market, landlords began filling vacant units with such tenants. By the mid-1970s, half of Bushwick's residents were on public assistance.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.city-journal.org/2008/18_2_bushwick.html|title=The Death and Life of Bushwick|magazine=City Journal|date=July 13, 1977}}</ref>

According to ''The New York Times'', Bushwick was "a neatly maintained community of wood houses" by the mid-1960s. Within five years, it had become "what often approached a no man's land of abandoned buildings, empty lots, drugs and arson."<ref>{{cite web |last=Gottlieb |first=Martin |title=F.H.A. CASE RECALLS BUSHWICK IN 70'S |website=The New York Times |date=February 2, 1986 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/02/02/nyregion/fha-case-recalls-bushwick-in-70-s.html |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref>

[[File:Off knickerbocker.jpg|thumb|Jefferson Street]]
On the night of July 13, 1977, [[New York City blackout of 1977|a major blackout]] cut power to nearly all of New York City, and [[arson]], [[looting]], and [[vandalism]] occurred in low-income neighborhoods across the city. Bushwick suffered some of the most devastating damage and losses. While store owners along Knickerbocker and Graham avenues were able to defend their stores, the Broadway shopping district was heavily looted and burned. Twenty-seven stores along Broadway were burned, and looters and some residents saw the blackout as an opportunity to get what they otherwise could not afford.<ref name="Goodman 2003">{{cite book|title=Blackout|url=https://archive.org/details/blackout00good|url-access=registration |last=Goodman|first=James|publisher=North Point Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0-86547-715-5|location=New York|oclc=52838671}}</ref>{{Rp|104}}

Newspapers around the country published [[United Press International|UPI]] and the [[Associated Press]]'s photos of Bushwick residents with stolen items and a police officer beating a suspected looter, and Bushwick became known for riots and looting.<ref>Examples:

"[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43434404/ Policeman Discourages a Looting Suspect in the Bushwick Section of Brooklyn]" (photo). [[United Press International]]. ''Philadelphia Daily News''. July 15, 1977. – via newspapers.com {{open access}}

"[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43433117/ Police Collars Looter in Bushwick Section of Brooklyn]" (photo). [[United Press International|UPI Telephoto]]. ''Florida Today'' (Cocoa, Florida). July 15, 1977. – via newspapers.com {{open access}}"[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43435792/ His Share of Booty]" (photo). Associated Press. ''Muncie Evening Press'' (Muncie, Indiana). July 15, 1977. – via newspapers.com {{open access}}</ref> Fires spread to many residential buildings as well. After the riots were over and the fires were put out, residents saw unsafe dwellings and empty lots among surviving buildings, leading one author to describe the scene as "some streets that looked like [[Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn|Brooklyn Heights]], and others that looked like [[Dresden]] in 1945":<ref name="Goodman 2003" />{{Rp|181}} The business vacancy rate on Broadway reached 43% in the wake of the riots.<ref name="rbscc.org" />

The 1977 blackout and resulting riots left Bushwick without a commercial retail hub. Middle-class residents who could afford to leave did so, in some cases abandoning their homes. New immigrants continued to move to the area, many from [[Hispanic America]], but renovation and new construction was outpaced by the demolition of unsafe buildings, forcing overcrowded conditions at first. As buildings came down, the vacant lots made parts of the neighborhood look and feel desolate, resulting in a greater outflow of residents and a growth of the illegal drug trade due to a lack of job opportunities.<ref name="nyt-1993-11-21">{{cite web |last=Holloway |first=Lynette |title=NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: BUSHWICK UPDATE; Rough Sailing in Wake of Drug Crackdown |website=The New York Times |date=November 21, 1993 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/21/nyregion/neighborhood-report-bushwick-update-rough-sailing-in-wake-of-drug-crackdown.html |access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref>

Author Jonathan Mahler described the social and economic hardships of Bushwick after the blackout in his book ''Ladies and Gentlemen, the Bronx is Burning'', explaining that the majority of neighborhood residents were living on less than $4,000 a year, and had to rely on some form of public assistance. By the 1980s, the Knickerbocker Avenue shopping district was nicknamed "The Well" for its seemingly unending supply of drugs.<ref name="nyt-1993-11-21"/> Even through the 1990s, it remained a poor and relatively dangerous area, with 77 murders, 80 rapes, and 2,242 robberies in 1990.<ref name="NYPD 83rd Precinct CS" />

===Gentrification===
[[File:Irving Sq Pk Bushwick jeh.JPG|thumb|Irving Square Park]]

Since 2000, the rise of real estate prices in nearby Manhattan has made Bushwick more attractive to younger professionals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/05/magazine/psst-have-you-heard-about-bushwick.html|title=Psst... Have You Heard About Bushwick?|last=Sullivan|first=Robert|date=March 5, 2006|website=The New York Times|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> In the wake of reduced crime rates citywide and a shortage of affordable housing in nearby neighborhoods such as [[Park Slope, Brooklyn|Park Slope]] and [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn|Williamsburg]], numerous young professionals and artists have moved into converted warehouse lofts, brownstones, limestone-brick townhouses, and other renovated buildings in Bushwick.

A flourishing artist community has existed in Bushwick for decades and has become more visible in the neighborhood. Dozens of art studios and galleries are scattered throughout the neighborhood. Several open studios programs are conducted that enable the public to visit artist studios and galleries,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/08/arts/design/bushwick-open-studios.html?pagewanted=all|title=Bushwick Open Studios|last=Cotter|first=Holland|date=June 7, 2012|work=The New York Times}}</ref> and several websites are devoted to promoting neighborhood art and events. Bushwick artists display their works in galleries and private spaces throughout the neighborhood. The borough's first and only trailer park, a 20-person art collective established by founder, Hayden Cummings<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/29/artists-trailer-park-is-history/?_r=0|title=Artists' Trailer Park Is History|website=City Room|last=Lipinski|first=Jed|date=April 29, 2011|access-date=January 3, 2016}}</ref> and ZenoRadio's Baruch Herzfeld,<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Schiller|first1=Amy|last2=Gross|first2=Lori|date=March 18, 2011|url=http://heebmagazine.com/brooklyn-artist-collective-left-homeless-after-raid/24551|title=Brooklyn Artist Collective Left Homeless|website=Heeb|language=en-US|access-date=January 3, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bryson-Brockmann|first=Rachel|date=October 29, 2013|url=http://voicesofny.org/2013/10/entrepreneur-connects-immigrants-with-radio-stations-back-home/|title='Entrepreneur' Links Immigrants to Radio Stations Back Home|website=Voices of NY|access-date=January 3, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108001706/http://voicesofny.org/2013/10/entrepreneur-connects-immigrants-with-radio-stations-back-home/|archive-date=January 8, 2016}}</ref> was established within a former nut roasting factory for live/work spaces.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Levine|first=Shira|date=December 21, 2009|url=http://realestate.aol.com/blog/2009/12/21/bushwick-trailer-park-welcomes-artists/|title=Bushwick Trailer Park Welcomes Artists|website=AOL Real Estate Blog|access-date=January 3, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108001706/http://realestate.aol.com/blog/2009/12/21/bushwick-trailer-park-welcomes-artists/|archive-date=January 8, 2016}}</ref> {{anchor|Bushwick Daily}}A Bushwick-centered news site, entitled ''Bushwick Daily'', was founded in 2010 by Katarina Hybenova, and features community issues, events, food, art and culture.<ref>{{citation|author=Bushwick Daily Staff|title=About|date=2018|url=https://bushwickdaily.com/pages/about|work=Bushwick Daily|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref>

Starting in the mid-2000s, the city and state governments began the Bushwick Initiative, a two-year pilot program spearheaded by the [[New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development]] (HPD) and various community projects. The group's goal was to improve quality of life in the twenty-three square blocks surrounding [[Maria Hernandez Park]] through various programs such as addressing deteriorated housing conditions, increasing economic development opportunities, and reducing drug dealing activities.<ref name="nyc.gov">[http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/pdf/govpub/2748bushwick_initiative.pdf Bushwick Initiative Draft.indd]. (PDF).</ref> The group's crime-reduction activities included collaboration with the HPD's Narcotics Control Unit and the New York City Police Department's 83rd Precinct and Narcotics Division to reduce drug-dealing.<ref name="nyc.gov" />

To reduce lead hazards in buildings, HPD and DOHMH created a grant program focusing on residential buildings in the initiative's coverage area, which resulted in fines for dozens of landlords with lead paint hazards. The Bushwick Initiative's economic development efforts were also focused on revitalizing the Knickerbocker Avenue commercial district, and adding a thousand rat-resistant public trash cans to reduce litter.<ref name="nyc.gov" />

In 2019, the [[New York City Department of City Planning]] released a Bushwick rezoning plan covering 300 city blocks. The plan would allow for high-density development on Broadway and Myrtle and Wyckoff Avenues.<ref>{{cite web | last=Spivack | first=Caroline | title=Vision to rezone Bushwick unveiled by city | website=Curbed NY | date=April 24, 2019 | url=https://ny.curbed.com/2019/4/24/18514552/nyc-dcp-rezoning-draft-plan-bushwick | access-date=July 18, 2019}}</ref>

==Demographics==
[[File:Almost bedstuy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Puerto Rican flags fly above a side street in Bushwick.]]
The entirety of Community Board 4 had 112,388 inhabitants as of [[New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene|NYC Health]]'s 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 80.4 years.<ref name="CHP2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2018chp-bk4.pdf |title=Bushwick |date=2018|website=nyc.gov|publisher=NYC Health|access-date=March 2, 2019}}</ref>{{Rp|2, 20}} This is lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/tcny/community-health-assessment-plan.pdf|title=2016–2018 Community Health Assessment and Community Health Improvement Plan: Take Care New York 2020|date=2016|website=[[government of New York City|nyc.gov]]|publisher=[[New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene]]|access-date=September 8, 2017}}</ref>{{Rp|53 (PDF p. 84)}}<ref>{{cite web | title=New Yorkers are living longer, happier and healthier lives | website=New York Post |date=June 4, 2017 |url=https://nypost.com/2017/06/04/new-yorkers-are-living-longer-happier-and-healthier-lives/ | access-date=March 1, 2019}}</ref> Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 24% are between the ages of 0 and 17, 35% between 25 and 44, and 20% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 12% and 9% respectively.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|2}}

As of 2016, the median [[household income]] in Community Board 4 was $50,656.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://censusreporter.org/profiles/79500US3604002-nyc-brooklyn-community-district-4-bushwick-puma-ny/ |title=Census profile: NYC-Brooklyn Community District 4—Bushwick PUMA, NY |access-date=July 17, 2018}}</ref> In 2018, an estimated 25% of Bushwick residents lived in poverty, compared to 21% in all of Brooklyn and 20% in all of New York City. One in eight residents (13%) were unemployed, compared to 9% in the rest of both Brooklyn and New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 55% in Bushwick, higher than the citywide and boroughwide rates of 52% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, {{as of|2018|lc=y}}, Bushwick is considered to be [[gentrification|gentrifying]].<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|7}}

Though an ethnic neighborhood, Bushwick's population is, for a New York City neighborhood, relatively heterogeneous, scoring a 0.5 on the Furman Center's racial diversity index, making it the city's 35th most diverse neighborhood in 2007. Most residents are [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] American citizens from the island of [[Puerto Rico]] and immigrants from the [[Dominican Republic]]. Since the turn of the 21st century, the population of native-born Americans has increased, as have other Latino groups, particularly immigrants from [[Mexico]] and [[El Salvador]].<ref name="UFCW">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ufcw.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103072810/http://www.ufcw.org/awake_bushwick/about_bushwick/index.cfm |url-status=dead|title=The United Food & Commercial Workers International Union – Official website of the United Food and Commercial Workers International Union|archive-date=January 3, 2009}}</ref>

In 2008 the neighborhood's median household income was $28,802. 32% of the population falls under the poverty line, making Bushwick the 7th-most impoverished neighborhood in New York City. More than 75% of children in the neighborhood are born in poverty.<ref name="UFCW"/> Some 40.3% of students in Bushwick read at grade level in 2007, making it the 49th most literate neighborhood <!-- out of how many? -->in the city that year. 58.2% of students could work math at grade level in Bushwick, and it ranked as 41st in the city.

Bushwick is the most populous Hispanic-American community in Brooklyn, although Sunset Park also has a large Hispanic population. As in other neighborhoods in New York City, Bushwick's Hispanic population is mainly from Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. It also has a sizable population from South American nations. As nearly 70% of Bushwick's population is Hispanic, residents have created many businesses to support their various national and distinct traditions in food and other items. The neighborhood's major commercial streets are Knickerbocker Avenue, Myrtle Avenue, Wyckoff Avenue, and [[Broadway (Brooklyn)|Broadway]].

===Neighborhood tabulation areas===
There are two neighborhood tabulation areas that covered Bushwick as of the [[2020 United States census]]. The total population of these districts was 120,741.<ref name="PFF2020">{{Cite web |title=NYC Population FactFinder, Brooklyn: Bushwick (West) [BK0401], Bushwick (East) [BK0402] |url=https://popfactfinder.planning.nyc.gov/explorer/selection/553eba28e2f28109e5b82f55d806af6bdc5d8d79?acsTopics=demo-sexAndAge%2Cdemo-mutuallyExclusiveRaceHispanicOrigin%2Cdemo-hispanicSubgroup%2Cdemo-asianSubgroup&censusTopics=populationSexAgeDensity%2CmutuallyExclusiveRaceHispanicOrigin%2CdetailedRaceAndEthnicity%2CrelationHeadHousehold%2ChouseholdType%2ChousingOccupancy%2ChousingTenure%2ChouseholdSize&compareTo=0&showCharts=true&showReliability=false&source=decennial-change |access-date=March 11, 2025 |website=NYC Population FactFinder}}</ref>

====Bushwick North====
Based on data from the [[2010 United States census]], the population of Bushwick North was 57,138, an increase of 1,045 (1.9%) from the 56,093 counted in [[2000 United States census|2000]]. Covering an area of {{convert|570.78|acres}}, the neighborhood had a population density of {{convert |100.1 |PD/acre |PD/sqmi PD/sqkm}}.<ref name="PLP5South">[http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p5_nta.pdf Table PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010], Population Division – [[New York City]] Department of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June 16, 2016.</ref>

The ethnic and racial makeup of the neighborhood as of 2010 was 10.7% (6,098) [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic white]], 9.7% (5,533) [[African American (U.S. census)|non-Hispanic black]], 0.1% (82) [[Native American (U.S. census)|Native American]], 6.0% (3,417) [[Asian (U.S. census)|Asian]], 0.0% (11) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.7% (380) from [[Race (United States census)|other races]], and 1.0% (582) from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. census)|Latino]] of any race were 71.8% (41,035) of the population.<ref name="PLP3ASouth">[http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/t_pl_p3a_nta.pdf Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010], Population Division – [[New York City]] Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.</ref>

====Bushwick South====
Based on data from the [[2010 United States census]], the population of Bushwick South was 72,101, an increase of 7,484 (11.6%) from the 64,617 counted in [[2000 United States census|2000]]. Covering an area of {{convert|923.64|acres}}, the neighborhood had a population density of {{convert|78.1|PD/acre|PD/sqmi PD/sqkm}}.<ref name="PLP5South" />

The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 9.5% (6,819) [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic white]], 28.1% (20,281) [[African American (U.S. census)|black]], 0.2% (155) [[Native American (U.S. census)|Native American]], 2.4% (1,734) [[Asian (U.S. census)|Asian]], 0.0% (21) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.4% (268) from [[Race (United States census)|other races]], and 1.1% (809) from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. census)|Latino]] of any race were 58.3% (42,014) of the population.<ref name="PLP3ASouth"/>

===2020 Census Tabulation===
In the 2020 census data from [[New York City Department of City Planning]], they split up the tabulations between west and east Bushwick. West Bushwick had between 30,000 and 39,999 Hispanic residents and 10,000 to 19,999 White residents; meanwhile, the Black and Asian populations were each under 5000 residents. East Bushwick had between 30,000 and 39,999 Hispanic residents, 10,000 to 19,999 White residents, and 5,000 to 9,999 Black residents while the Asian residents were less than 5000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/census2020/dcp_2020-census-briefing-booklet-1.pdf|title=Key Population & Housing Characteristics; 2020 Census Results for New York City|publisher=[[New York City Department of City Planning]]|date=August 2021|access-date=November 7, 2021|pages=21, 25, 29, 33}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2021/us/census-race-ethnicity-map/|title=Map: Race and ethnicity across the US|website=[[CNN]]}}</ref>

=== Puerto Rican and Dominican communities ===
Bushwick and neighboring [[East New York, Brooklyn|East New York]] are the center for the Hispanic community in Brooklyn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nywomenimmigrants.org/puerto-rican-parade-egg-creams-egg-rolls-festival/|title=Sunday afternoon in New York City: from the Puerto Rican parade to the Egg Creams and Egg Rolls Jewish-Chinese festival|date=June 22, 2014|website=New Women New Yorkers|language=en-US|access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref> In the post-World War II period, Bushwick was still a predominantly Irish and Italian-American community. Puerto Ricans began to migrate to New York for greater opportunities, developing Hispanic enclaves in Brooklyn, East Harlem, the [[Lower East Side]] or [[Loisaida]], and the Bronx. Many Puerto Ricans also settled in neighboring [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn|Williamsburg]], also known as ''Los Sures'', due to the proximity to jobs at the now defunct [[Domino Sugar Refinery]] as well as at the [[Brooklyn Navy Yard]]; they expanded into other parts of Brooklyn as many ethnic Irish and some Italians moved to nearby Queens (such as [[Ridgewood, Queens|Ridgewood]] and [[Middle Village, Queens|Middle Village]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://centropr.hunter.cuny.edu/education/puerto-rican-studies/story-us-puerto-ricans-part-four|title=THE STORY OF U.S. PUERTO RICANS – PART FOUR {{!}} Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños |website=centropr.hunter.cuny.edu |access-date=May 15, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518054401/http://centropr.hunter.cuny.edu/education/puerto-rican-studies/story-us-puerto-ricans-part-four |archive-date=May 18, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brooklynpaper.com/stories/30/30/30_30dominohistory.html|title=Deeper look at Domino history |website=The Brooklyn Paper |last=Gilbert |first=Tom |date=August 4, 2007 |access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref>

Salsa music, corner bodegas, and Latin cuisine are part of the cultural dynamic of the Bushwick community.<ref name="brooklyn-usa.org">{{Cite web |url=http://www.brooklyn-usa.org/diana-reyna-bio/|title=Bio|date=July 24, 2014|website=Brooklyn Borough Hall – Official Site|language=en-US|access-date=May 27, 2016}}</ref> The neighborhood contains  the largest concentration of Hispanic Americans in the entire borough, followed closely behind by [[Sunset Park, Brooklyn|Sunset Park]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://velazquez.house.gov/ny7/index.shtml |title=Congresswoman Nydia M. Velázquez – New York's 7th Congressional District |website=velazquez.house.gov |access-date=May 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515222618/http://velazquez.house.gov/ny7/index.shtml|archive-date=May 15, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>  The Williamsburg and Bushwick communities are home to their own local Puerto Rican Day Parade.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morales |first=Mark |date=June 28, 2013 |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/brooklyn/brooklyn-puerto-rican-day-parade-kicks-sunday-article-1.1385556|title=Brooklyn's Puerto Rican Day Parade kicks off Sunday|website=NY Daily News |access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref> The parade board usually meets at the Orocovis Social Club, located off Myrtle Avenue. La Isla Restaurant, located off Myrtle Avenue and Knickerbocker, is popular for its Puerto Rican and Dominican cuisine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bushwickdaily.com/2016/03/bienvenidos-a-la-nueva-isla-chuchifritos-en-bushwick/|title=Bienvenidos a la Nueva Isla Cuchifritos en Bushwick!|last=Ruscoe|first=Emilie|date=March 18, 2016|website=Bushwick Daily|language=en-US |access-date=May 27, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611182738/http://bushwickdaily.com/2016/03/bienvenidos-a-la-nueva-isla-chuchifritos-en-bushwick/|archive-date=June 11, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yelp.com/biz/la-isla-brooklyn|title=La Isla – Bushwick – Brooklyn, NY|website=Yelp|access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.amny.com/real-estate/city-living/brooklyn/bushwick-photos-1.10078082?image=27|title=Bushwick photos |website=am New York|date=March 18, 2015 |access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref> On the corner of Broadway, Flushing Avenue and Graham Avenue, where Bushwick, [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn|Williamsburg]] and [[Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn|Bedford–Stuyvesant]] meet, in the shadow of [[Woodhull Medical Center]], Graham Avenue becomes the Avenue of Puerto Rico.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bkmag.com/2013/02/27/is-williamsburg-trying-to-deny-its-puerto-rican-history/|title=Is Williamsburg Trying to Deny Its Puerto Rican History?|last=Iversen|first=Kristin|date=February 27, 2013|website=Brooklyn Magazine|access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref>

A campus of [[Boricua College]] and a branch of the Puerto Rico-based [[Popular, Inc.|Popular Community Bank]] are located within the Bushwick area. Make the Road New York, a Latino community group, has a chapter in the neighborhood.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.maketheroadny.org/participate_directions.php|title=Make the Road New York {{!}} Participate |website=www.maketheroadny.org|access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref> So important is the activism of local Latinos that in 2016, Democratic Party presidential candidate [[Bernie Sanders]] campaigned in Bushwick in order to reach Hispanic votes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bushwickdaily.com/2016/04/latino-activists-meet-to-support-bernie-on-the-eve-of-big-wisconsin-win/|title=Local Latino Activists Meet to Support Bernie on the Eve of Big Wisconsin Win|last=Waz|first=Magdalena|date=April 6, 2016 |website=Bushwick Daily |language=en-US |access-date=May 27, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428173429/http://bushwickdaily.com/2016/04/latino-activists-meet-to-support-bernie-on-the-eve-of-big-wisconsin-win/ |archive-date=April 28, 2016
}}</ref> A web show, ''[[East Willy B]]'', was created to explore the struggles of the local Latino community.

==Housing==
[[File:Row houses in alternating cream, yellow, and gray brick, in Bushwick, Brooklyn.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Row houses in alternating cream, yellow, and gray brick, on Weirfield Street]]
Bushwick's diverse housing stock includes six-family apartment buildings and two- and three-family townhouses. However, three [[New York City Housing Authority]]'s developments are located in Bushwick for residents of low income, which since July 18, 2019 were all converted into [[Rental Assistance Demonstration|Section 8 RAD PACT Developments]] in [[Public–private partnership]] [[lease]]s with [[Real estate development|private real estate developers and companies]] named ''Pennrose Properties'' and ''Pinnacle City Living'' including adding a social service provider onsite named Acadia Network.<ref name="NYCHA">[http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/home/home.shtml NYCHA locations in Bushwick] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525030524/http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/home/home.shtml |date=May 25, 2015 }}. Nyc.gov.</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://nycha.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=41c6ff5e73ec459092e982060b7cf1a1 | title=ArcGIS Web Application }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/66a6bbe303db433b978370b1191046f7/ | title=Experience }}</ref>
* Bushwick II CDA (Group E); five three-story buildings<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Bushwick%20II%20CDA%20Group%20E.pdf | title = Bushwick II CDA (Group E) |access-date=June 20, 2018}}</ref>
* Hope Gardens; seven four- and one fourteen-story buildings<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/15/nyregion/bushwick-s-hope-is-a-public-project.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm | work=The New York Times | first=Martin | last=Gottlieb | title=Bushwick's Hope Is a Public Project | date=August 15, 1993}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Hope%20Gardens.pdf |title=Hope Gardens |access-date=June 20, 2018}}</ref>
* Palmetto Gardens; one six-story building<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Palmetto%20Gardens.pdf|title=Palmetto Gardens|access-date=June 20, 2018}}</ref>

Median rent in 2022 was $2,180 (in 2023 dollars), an 81.7% increase since 2006, adjusting for inflation. In 2023, approximately 3.5% of rental properties were public housing units. The rate of home ownership in Bushwick was 19.6% in 2022, and 1.04% of 1–4 family units were foreclosed on.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bushwick Neighborhood Indicators |url=https://furmancenter.org/neighborhoods/view/bushwick#renters-and-rental-conditions |website=NYU Furman Center}}</ref> Between 1990 and 2014, rental costs in Bushwick increased by 44%, the fourth-highest rise in New York City.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ny.curbed.com/2016/5/9/11641588/nyc-top-15-gentrifying-neighborhoods-williamsburg-harlem-bushwick|title=Behold, NYC's 15 Most Rapidly Gentrifying Neighborhoods |first=Tanay|last=Warerkar|date=May 9, 2016|website=Curbed NY}}</ref>

==Police and crime==
The [[New York City Police Department|NYPD]]'s 83rd Precinct is located at 480 Knickerbocker Avenue.<ref name="NYPD 83rd Precinct">{{Cite web |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/nypd/bureaus/patrol/precincts/83rd-precinct.page|title=NYPD – 83rd Precinct |website=www.nyc.gov |access-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref> The 83rd Precinct ranked 52nd safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. The crime rate is lower than in the late 20th century, where there were a high number of drug-related crimes.<ref name=":18">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnainfo.com/crime-safety-report/brooklyn/bushwick|title=Bushwick – DNAinfo.com Crime and Safety Report|website=www.dnainfo.com|access-date=October 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709065336/https://www.dnainfo.com/crime-safety-report/brooklyn/bushwick/|archive-date=July 9, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{As of|2018}}, with a non-fatal assault rate of 72 per 100,000 people, Bushwick's rate of [[violent crime]]s per capita is higher than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 610 per 100,000 people is higher than that of the city as a whole.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|7}}

The 83rd Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 80.3% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 8 murders, 24 rapes, 265 robberies, 297 felony assaults, 303 burglaries, 471 grand larcenies, and 92 grand larcenies auto in 2018.<ref name="NYPD 83rd Precinct CS">{{cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/nypd/downloads/pdf/crime_statistics/cs-en-us-083pct.pdf|title=83rd Precinct CompStat Report |access-date=July 22, 2018}}</ref>

==Fire safety==
The [[New York City Fire Department]] (FDNY) operates several [[firehouse]]s in the area.<ref>{{Cite FDNY locations}}</ref> These include Engine Company 271/Ladder Company 124/Battalion 28, located at 392 Himrod Street;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thecompanyofficer.com/2010/05/02/the-tonka-truck-l-124/|title=The Tonka Truck FDNY L-124 {{!}} The Company Officer|language=en-US|access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> Engine Company 277/Ladder Company 112, located at 582 Knickerbocker Avenue;<ref>{{cite web |title=Engine Company 277/Ladder Company 112 |website=FDNYtrucks.com| url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e277.htm |access-date=February 1, 2019}}</ref> Engine Company 218, the "Bushwick Bomberos", located at 650 Hart Street;<ref>{{cite web |title=Engine Company 218 |website=FDNYtrucks.com |url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e218.htm | access-date=February 1, 2019}}</ref> and Squad 252, located at 617 Central Avenue.<ref>{{cite web | title=Squad 252 |website=FDNYtrucks.com |url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e252.htm |access-date=February 1, 2019}}</ref> In addition, Engine Company 222 is located at 32 Ralph Avenue in Bedford-Stuyvesant, southwest of Bushwick,<ref>{{cite web |title=Engine Company 237 |website=FDNYtrucks.com |url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e237.htm |access-date=February 1, 2019}}</ref> Engine Company 233/Ladder Company 176/Field Communications Unit 1 is located at 25 Rockaway Avenue in Bedford-Stuyvesant, just southwest of Bushwick,<ref>{{Cite web |title=FDNY Engine 233/Ladder 176 |url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e233.htm}}</ref> and Engine Company 237 is located at 43 Morgan Avenue in East Williamsburg, just north of Bushwick.<ref>{{cite web |title=Engine Company 237 |website=FDNYtrucks.com | url=http://www.fdnytrucks.com/files/html/brooklyn/e237.htm |access-date=February 1, 2019}}</ref>

==Health==
[[Preterm birth]]s in Bushwick are about the same as citywide, though births to teenage mothers are less common. In Bushwick, there were 83 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 9.3 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|11}} Bushwick has a high population of residents who are [[Health insurance coverage in the United States|uninsured]], or who receive healthcare through [[Medicaid]].<ref name=":14">[http://www.health.ny.gov/health_care/medicaid/redesign/dsrip/pps_applications/docs/maimonides_medical_center/3.8_maimonides_cna.pdf New York City Health Provider Partnership Brooklyn Community Needs Assessment: Final Report], [[New York Academy of Medicine]] (October 3, 2014).</ref> In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 18%, which is higher than the citywide rate of 12%.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|14}}

The concentration of [[particulates|fine particulate matter]], the deadliest type of [[air pollution|air pollutant]], in Bushwick is {{convert|0.0081|mg/m3|oz/ft3}}, higher than the citywide and boroughwide averages.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|9}} Seventeen percent of Bushwick residents are [[Smoking|smokers]], which is higher than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|13}} In Bushwick, 26% of residents are [[Obesity|obese]], 13% are [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetic]], and 26% have [[hypertension|high blood pressure]]—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|16}} In addition, 28% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|12}}

Eighty-two percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is slightly lower than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 71% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", less than the city's average of 78%.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|13}} For every supermarket in Bushwick, there are 31 [[convenience store|bodegas]].<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|10}}

The primary hospital in the neighborhood is [[Wyckoff Heights Medical Center]].<ref name=":14"/> The [[Woodhull Medical Center]] is located in Bedford–Stuyvesant, but also serves Bushwick.<ref>{{cite web|title=Woodhull Medical Center|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/hhc/woodhull/html/home/home.shtml|publisher=nyc.gov|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>

==Post offices and ZIP Codes==
Bushwick is covered by [[ZIP Code]]s 11237 northeast of Wilson Avenue, 11221 southwest of Wilson Avenue, and 11207 southeast of Halsey Street.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bushwick, New York City-Brooklyn, New York Zip Code Boundary Map (NY) | website=United States Zip Code Boundary Map (USA) | url=https://www.zipmap.net/New_York/Kings_County/Z_Bushwick.htm | access-date=March 10, 2019}}</ref> The [[United States Postal Service]] operates three post offices in Bushwick: the Wyckoff Heights Station at 86 Wyckoff Avenue,<ref>{{cite web|title=Location Details: Wyckoff Heights|website=USPS.com|url= https://tools.usps.com/go/POLocatorDetailsAction!input.action?locationTypeQ=po&address=11225&radius=20&locationType=po&locationID=1388370&locationName=WYCKOFF+HEIGHTS&address2=&address1=86+WYCKOFF+AVE|access-date=June 20, 2018}}</ref> the Bushwick Station at 1369 Broadway,<ref>{{cite web |title=Location Details: Bushwick |url= https://tools.usps.com/go/POLocatorDetailsAction!input.action?locationTypeQ=po&address=11225&radius=20&locationType=po&locationID=1356467&locationName=BUSHWICK&address2=&address1=1369+BROADWAY|access-date=June 20, 2018}}</ref> and the Halsey Station at 805 MacDonough Street.<ref>{{cite web|title=Location Details: Halsey|url= https://tools.usps.com/go/POLocatorDetailsAction!input.action?locationTypeQ=po&address=11225&radius=20&locationType=po&locationID=1366006&locationName=HALSEY&address2=&address1=805+MACDONOUGH+ST|access-date=June 20, 2018}}</ref>

===Border with Ridgewood===
[[File:Arbitration_Rock_m.jpg|thumb|[[Arbitration Rock]], where the county border was set in 1769]]
Bushwick's land area lies within Kings County (Brooklyn), but shares a political boundary with Queens to the northeast. Previously, the boundary had caused confusion and debate about whether the Queens neighborhood of [[Ridgewood, Queens|Ridgewood]] was also located partly in Brooklyn. The political dispute dates to the 17th century, when [[Elmhurst, Queens|Newtown, Queens]] (now Elmhurst) was under English rule and Boswijck was under Dutch rule. Disputes over the boundary between the two settlements continued until 1769, when a boundary line was drawn through what later became known as the [[Arbitration Rock]].<ref name="Schubel">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/illustratedhisto01schu/illustratedhisto01schu_djvu.txt|title=Illustrated history of Greater Ridgewood, together with brief sketches of its industries, organizations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men|last=Schubel|first=George|date=1913|publisher=Ridgewood Times Printing and Publishing Company|via=Internet Archive|access-date=February 2, 2020|oclc=306313}}</ref>{{rp|7}}<ref name="Williams 2016"/><ref name="qns 2018"/>

The street [[grid plan]] in Ridgewood and Bushwick was laid out in the late 19th century. Because the Arbitration Rock lay along a diagonal with this grid plan, numerous houses were built on the Brooklyn-Queens boundary, their owners sometimes subject to taxes from both counties.<ref name="Schubel"/>{{rp|8}}<ref name="Williams 2016"/> During the 19th century, this resulted in situations where some houses received water and fire protection from what was then the city of Brooklyn, while their neighbors in Queens had to rely on volunteer firefighting squads and paid exorbitant water bills to private utilities in Elmhurst.<ref name="Schubel"/>{{rp|8}}

In 1925, the political boundary was adapted to the street grid, resulting in a zig-zag pattern.<ref name="Williams 2016">{{cite web | last=Williams | first=Keith | title=How Bushwick and Ridgewood, Once Entwined, Became Distinct Neighborhoods | website=Curbed NY | date=May 24, 2016 | url=https://ny.curbed.com/2016/5/24/11755562/how-bushwick-and-ridgewood-once-entwined-became-distinct-neighborhoods | access-date=February 2, 2020}}</ref><ref name="qns 2018">{{cite web | title=The big rock that helped defined the Ridgewood/Brooklyn border: Our Neighborhood, The Way it Was | website=QNS.com | date=August 11, 2018 | url=https://qns.com/story/2018/08/11/big-rock-helped-defined-ridgewoodbrooklyn-border-neighborhood-way/ | access-date=February 2, 2020}}</ref>{{efn|Traveling south from the [[Newtown Creek]], the border traveled on the following streets:
* Southeast onto Onderdonk Avenue
* Southwest onto [[Flushing Avenue]]
* Southeast onto Cypress Avenue
* Southwest onto Grove Street
* Southeast onto St. Nicholas Avenue
* Southwest onto Palmetto Street
* Southeast onto Wyckoff Avenue
* Southwest onto Covert Street
* Southeast onto Irving Avenue
The border then entered [[Most Holy Trinity Cemetery]] and the [[Cemetery of the Evergreens]].<ref name="qns 2018"/>}} The change resulted in 2,543 persons' addresses being reassigned from Queens to Brooklyn, and 135 persons' addresses reassigned from Brooklyn to Queens.<ref name="qns 2018"/> Modern addresses in the two boroughs can be distinguished by the presence or absence of a hyphen in the house number.<ref name="NYC ITT"/> Queens's [[house numbering]] system uses a hyphen between the closest cross-street (which comes before the hyphen) and the actual address (which comes after the hyphen).<ref>{{cite web | last=Bayona | first=Jose | title=Balderdash! Queens residents question need for dash in postal addresses | website=nydailynews.com | date=August 21, 2011 | url=https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/queens/balderdash-queens-residents-question-dash-postal-addresses-article-1.949172 | access-date=January 27, 2020}}</ref> Streets in this area that run northeast–southwest, perpendicular to the county line, are demarcated by a jump in numbering sequence between the two boroughs. However, several avenues running northwest–southeast within Queens, parallel to the county line, follow the Brooklyn house numbering system.<ref name="NYC ITT">{{cite web | title=NYCityMap |publisher=[[New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications]] | website=NYC.gov | url=http://maps.nyc.gov/doitt/nycitymap/ | access-date=February 2, 2020}}</ref>

=== ZIP Code changes ===
When ZIP Codes were assigned in 1963, all areas whose mail was routed through a Brooklyn post office were given the 112 prefix.<ref name="rainie2">{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43429799/|title=Zip-zero to Queensites|last=Rainie|first=Harrison|date=February 21, 1979|work=New York Daily News|access-date=February 1, 2020|page=580|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}}}</ref> The neighboring areas of [[Glendale, Queens|Glendale]] and [[Ridgewood, Queens|Ridgewood]] in Queens were given a Brooklyn mailing address, 11227, shared with Bushwick.<ref name="rainie2" /> In addition, part of Bushwick was in ZIP Code 11237.<ref name="Bushwick Daily 2017">{{cite web|url=https://bushwickdaily.com/bushwick/categories/long-reads/4906-zip-codes-bushwick-ridgewood-history|title=ZIP Codes and Politics: How Redrawing Borough Lines Redefined Bushwick and Ridgewood|last=Dereszewski|first=John|date=September 6, 2017|website=Bushwick Daily|access-date=January 1, 2020}}</ref> After the 1977 blackout, the communities of Ridgewood and Glendale expressed a desire to disassociate themselves from Bushwick.<ref name="Lee 2007">[[Jennifer 8. Lee|Lee, Jennifer 8.]] (November 2, 2007). "[http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/11/02/is-ridgewood-the-new-east-bushwick/ Is Ridgewood the New East Bushwick?]". ''The New York Times''. Retrieved August 21, 2009. {{ISSN|0362-4331}}.</ref>

Following complaints from residents, [[Postmaster General]] [[William Bolger]] proposed that the ZIP Codes would be changed if [[United States House of Representatives|United States Representative]] [[Geraldine Ferraro]] could produce evidence that 70% of residents supported it.<ref name="rainie2" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43429931/|title=Zip, Zip, Queensite Please Pick Your Zip|last=Rabin|first=Bernard|date=February 21, 1979|work=New York Daily News|access-date=February 1, 2020|page=580|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}}}</ref> After Ferraro's office distributed ballots to residents, 93 percent of the returned ballots voted for the change.<ref name="NYDN-Vote-1979">{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43430121/|title=Zip Code Vote Overwhelmingly for Queens|last=Rabin|first=Bernard|date=May 31, 1979|work=New York Daily News|access-date=February 1, 2020|page=615|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}}}</ref> The change of the Queens side to ZIP Code 11385 was made effective January 13, 1980.<ref name="NYDN-New-Zip-1979">{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/43430062/|title=Two Communities Will Receive New Zip Code Numbers|last=Rabin|first=Bernard|date=October 3, 1979|work=New York Daily News|access-date=February 1, 2020|page=622|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}}}</ref> 11237 was reassigned to cover only Bushwick, and 11227 was eliminated.<ref name="Bushwick Daily 2017" />

== Politics ==
Bushwick is part of [[New York's 7th congressional district]],<ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_map_rep_08.pdf Congressional District 8], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012c/CD_nyc.pdf New York City Congressional Districts], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref> represented by Democrat [[Nydia Velázquez]] {{as of|2013|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web | title=U.S. House Election Results 2018 | website=The New York Times | date=January 28, 2019 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/11/06/us/elections/results-house-elections.html | access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> It is also part of the 18th [[New York State Senate|State Senate]] district,<ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_map_rep_18.pdf Senate District 18], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012s/SD_nyc.pdf 2012 Senate District Maps: New York City], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed November 17, 2018.</ref> represented by Democrat [[Julia Salazar]] {{As of|2019|lc=y}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nysenate.gov/district/18|title=NY Senate District 18|website=NY State Senate|access-date=January 18, 2019}}</ref> and the 53rd, 54th, 55th, and 56th [[New York State Assembly|State Assembly]] districts,<ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_053.pdf Assembly District 53], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.
* [http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_054.pdf Assembly District 54], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.
* [http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_055.pdf Assembly District 55], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.
* [http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_map_rep_056.pdf Assembly District 56], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed May 5, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.latfor.state.ny.us/maps/2012a/AD_nyc.pdf 2012 Assembly District Maps: New York City], New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment. Accessed November 17, 2018.</ref> represented respectively by Democrats [[Maritza Davila]], [[Erik Dilan]], [[Latrice Walker]], and [[Stefani Zinerman]] {{As of|2021|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web | title=New York State Assembly Member Directory | website=Assembly Member Directory | url=https://nyassembly.gov/mem/ | access-date=March 4, 2019}}</ref> Bushwick is located in the [[New York City Council]]'s 34th and 37th districts,<ref name="ReferenceA"/> represented respectively by Democrats [[Jennifer Gutiérrez (politician)|Jennifer Gutiérrez]] and [[Sandy Nurse]].<ref>{{cite web | title=District 34 | website=[[New York City Council]] | date=March 25, 2018 | url=https://council.nyc.gov/district-34/ | access-date=March 4, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=District 37 | website=[[New York City Council]] | date=March 25, 2018 | url=https://council.nyc.gov/district-37/ | access-date=March 4, 2019}}</ref>

==Community-based organizations==
* [https://wellfare.org Wellfare]
* [[Coalition for Hispanic Family Services]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.hispanicfamilyservicesny.org |title = Coalition for Hispanic Family Services – Home}}</ref>
* [[RiseBoro Community Partnership Inc]]
* [[East Brooklyn Congregations]]
* [[Make the Road New York]]

==Parks and recreation==
[[File:Maria Hernandez Park entrance.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Maria Hernandez Park]]
All parks are operated by the [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]].
* Beaver Noll Park is located on Bushwick Avenue and Beaver Street. Planning started in 2012,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2019/05/22/citys-promise-to-invest-in-bushwick-rings-hollow-community-says/|title=City's promise to invest in Bushwick rings hollow, community says|last=Stremple|first=Paul|date=May 22, 2019|website=Brooklyn Eagle|language=en-US|access-date=June 11, 2019}}</ref> and construction was finished in June 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/planning-and-building/capital-project-tracker/project/6002|title=Beaver Noll Park Construction : NYC Parks|website=www.nycgovparks.org|access-date=June 11, 2019}}</ref> It includes seating and a tot lot.
* Bushwick Park and Pool is located on Flushing Avenue between Beaver and Garden Streets, and encompasses {{convert|1.29|acre|m2}}. The park has a free public pool as well as a children's pool, basketball courts, a handball court, and a children's playground.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bushwick Playground|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B310/highlights/9725|publisher=nycgovparks.org|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>
* Bushwick Playground is located on Knickerbocker Avenue between Woodbine Street and Putnam Avenue, and encompasses {{convert|2.78|acre|m2}}. The park features handball courts, spray showers, sitting areas, and a children's playground.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bushwick Playground II|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B017/|publisher=nycgovparks.org|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>
* Green Central Knoll Park is a {{convert|2.6|acre|m2}} park located between [[Flushing Avenue|Flushing]] and Central Avenues and Knoll and Evergreen Streets. The park is located on the former site of the Rheingold beer brewery. New York City took ownership of the property after the beer company closed due to failure to pay taxes, but it was not given to the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation until 1997. The park includes a baseball field, sitting areas, and a children's playground.<ref>{{cite web|title=Green Central Knoll|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B395/|publisher=nycgovparks.org|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref> A new comfort station was built in 2018–2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/planning-and-building/capital-project-tracker/project/7087|title=Green Central Knoll Comfort Station Construction : NYC Parks|website=www.nycgovparks.org|access-date=June 11, 2019}}</ref>
* Heisser Triangle is located at the intersections of Knickerbocker and [[Myrtle Avenue]]s and Bleecker Street. The triangle is named after Charles Heisser, a World War I sergeant with the 106th Infantry who was killed in action in France on September 27, 1918.  The bronze war memorial at the center of the plot was sculpted by [[Pietro Montana]] in 1921.<ref>{{cite web|title=Heisser Triangle|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B045/highlights/9729|publisher=nycgovparks.org|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>
* Irving Square Park is bound by Wilson and Knickerbocker Avenues and Halsey and Weirfield Streets. It encompasses {{convert|2.78|acre|m2}} and is believed to be named after [[Washington Irving]]. The park features swings, a sandpit, a spray shower, a handball court, and a basketball court. Since being renovated in 2006 and 2008, the park also features a public plaza and gardening space.<ref>{{cite web|title=Irving Square Park|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B049/highlights/11902|publisher=nycgovparks.org|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>
* [[Maria Hernandez Park]] is a municipal park; formerly known as Bushwick Park, it is located between Knickerbocker and Irving Avenues and between Starr and Suydam Streets, near the [[Jefferson Street (BMT Canarsie Line)|Jefferson Street station]] on the {{NYCS trains|Canarsie|time=nolink}}. It has a newly renovated basketball court, a handball court, fitness equipment, spray showers, benches, and a newly built performance stage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/maria-hernandez-park/history|title=Maria Hernandez Park Highlights : NYC Parks|website=www.nycgovparks.org}}</ref> The park encompasses {{convert|6.87|acre|m2}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maria Hernandez Park|url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B016/highlights/186|publisher=nycgovparks.org|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>

There are also community centers
* Hope Gardens Multi Service Center is a building located on Wilson Avenue and Linden Street that serves as an elderly bingo game building, an after-school program for children from kindergarten to fifth grade, a site for karate classes, and a summer day camp for local children.
* Ridgewood Bushwick Youth Center is a youth activity center located between Gates Avenue and Palmetto Street and run by the [[Ridgewood Bushwick Senior Citizens Council]] (RBSCC).<ref>{{cite web |title=Ridgewood/Bushwick Youth Center |url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B412/ |publisher=ycgovparks.org |access-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100426051107/http://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/B412/ |archive-date=April 26, 2010}}</ref>

Nightclubs include
* [[Mood Ring (bar)|Mood Ring]], an astrology-themed LGBTQ-friendly bar<ref>Tchou, Wei. [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/11/13/celestial-scenes-at-mood-ring "Celestial Scenes at Mood Ring This Bushwick bar aims to be a space for queer and trans people of color, and serves a cocktail that captures the essence of each month's star sign."], ''[[The New Yorker]]'', November 3, 2017. Accessed August 29, 2019.</ref>
* [[House of Yes (Brooklyn)|House of Yes]], a nightclub and event space known for aerial acts and go-go dancers<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/whats-its-like-to-party-at-house-of-yes-brooklyns-wildest-club-2017-11|title=I partied at the Brooklyn club named the 2nd best thing to do in the world. It was a wild night of dance parties, gravity-defying performances, and crazy costumes.|last=Jacobs|first=Harrison|website=Business Insider|access-date=January 27, 2020}}</ref>
* Elsewhere, a venue for live music and other events<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/13/style/elsewhere-club-brooklyn-cabaret-law-bushwick.html|title=A Cavernous Indie Music Club Opens in Brooklyn|last=Gray|first=Billy|date=December 13, 2017|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 27, 2020|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

==Education==
[[File:PS 123 Bushwick jeh.JPG|thumb|Public School 123, Irving Avenue]]
[[File:EBC HS for Public Service Bushwick jeh.jpg|thumb|EBC High School for Public Service]]
[[File:St Eliz Seton School Bushwick jeh.JPG|upright|thumb|Saint Elizabeth Seton School]]
Bushwick generally has lower ratios of college-educated residents than the rest of the city {{as of|2018|lc=y}}. Only 29% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, but 35% have less than a high school education and 37% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 38% of Brooklynites and 41% of city residents have a college education or higher.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|6}} The percentage of Bushwick students excelling in reading and math has been increasing, with reading achievement rising from 34 percent in 2000 to 35 percent in 2011, and math achievement rising from 27 percent to 47 percent within the same time period.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |url=http://furmancenter.org/files/sotc/BK_04_11.pdf|title=Bushwick – BK 04|date=2011|publisher=[[Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy]] |access-date=October 5, 2016}}</ref>

Bushwick's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is higher than in the rest of New York City. In Bushwick, 22 percent of elementary school students miss twenty or more days per [[school year]], compared to the citywide average of 20% of students.<ref name=":21" />{{Rp|24 (PDF p. 55)}}<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|6}} Additionally, 70% of high school students in Bushwick graduate on time, lower than the citywide average of 75% of students.<ref name="CHP2018" />{{Rp|6}}

Bushwick has thirty-three public and private schools.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/lucds/bk4profile.pdf#profile NYC Department of City Planning CB4 Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602094621/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/lucds/bk4profile.pdf#profile |date=June 2, 2010 }}. None.</ref> This includes 14 [[Public school (government funded)#United States|public elementary schools]], one [[charter school]], four [[parochial school]]s, seven high schools, and one [[secondary school]].

'''High schools:'''
* Academy for Environmental Leadership
* [[Brooklyn Latin School]]
* Bushwick Campus (formerly [[Bushwick High School]]) containing:
** [[Academy of Urban Planning]]
** [[Academy for Environmental Leadership]]
** The Brooklyn School for Math and Research
** [[Bushwick School for Social Justice]]
* Bushwick Community High School
* Bushwick Leaders' HS for Academic Excellence
* EBC for Public Service-Bushwick
* [[Grand Street Campus]] containing:
** High school for Legal Studies
** Progress High School
** [[High School of Enterprise, Business, & Technology]]
* MESA Charter High School

'''Combined middle and high schools:'''
* All City Leadership Secondary School
* Achievement First University Prep High School

The [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn]] operates Catholic schools in that borough. St. Brigid-St. Frances Cabrini Catholic Academy was formed from the 2019 merger of the St. Brigid and St. Frances Cabrini schools, with students at St. Brigid.<ref>{{cite web|author=Parrott, Max|url=https://qns.com/story/2019/09/11/after-merging-bushwick-catholic-schools-brooklyn-diocese-installs-new-school-infrastructure/|title=After merging Bushwick Catholic schools, Brooklyn Diocese installs new school infrastructure|work=[[QNS (website)|QNS]]|publisher=[[Schneps Media]]|date=September 11, 2019|access-date=May 5, 2020}}</ref> In 2019 it had about 100 students.<ref>{{cite web|author=Escobar, Allyson|url=https://thetablet.org/stbrigid-back-to-school/|title=First Day of School: Jitters and Excitement|work=[[The Tablet]]|date=September 5, 2019|access-date=May 5, 2020}}</ref>

=== Libraries ===
[[File:Bushwick BPL jeh.JPG|right|thumb|Bushwick branch of the Brooklyn Public Library]]
The [[Brooklyn Public Library]] (BPL) has two branches in Bushwick. The DeKalb branch is located at 790 Bushwick Avenue near DeKalb Avenue. It is a [[Carnegie library]] that opened in 1905.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/dekalb |title=DeKalb Library |date=August 19, 2011 |website=Brooklyn Public Library|access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> The Washington Irving branch, located at 360 Irving Avenue near Woodbine Street, opened in 1923 and was Brooklyn's final Carnegie library.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/washington-irving |title=Washington Irving Library |date=August 22, 2011 |website=Brooklyn Public Library|access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref>

In addition, the Saratoga branch is located at 8 Thomas S. Boyland Street near Macon Street, just outside Bushwick. The branch is a Carnegie library that opened in 1909.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/saratoga |title=Saratoga Library |date=August 22, 2011 |website=Brooklyn Public Library|access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> The Bushwick branch, which is actually located in East Williamsburg, is located at 340 Bushwick Avenue near Seigel Street, four blocks of Bushwick's northern border at Flushing Avenue. The Bushwick branch was founded in 1903 and its current building opened in 1908.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bushwick Library |website=Brooklyn Public Library |date=August 19, 2011 |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/bushwick|access-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref>

==Transportation==
[[File:Myrtle Wyckoff headhouse jeh.JPG|thumb|225px|The [[Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues (New York City Subway)|Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues]] subway station]]
[[New York City Subway]] lines running through Bushwick include the [[BMT Jamaica Line]] ({{NYCS trains|Jamaica center}}), the [[BMT Myrtle Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS trains|Myrtle south}}), and the [[BMT Canarsie Line]] ({{NYCS trains|Canarsie}}).<ref>{{NYCS const|map}}</ref> The [[Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues (New York City Subway)|Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues]] bus and subway hub was renovated into a state-of-the-art transportation center in 2007. [[New York City Bus]] lines serving Bushwick include the {{NYC bus link|B13|B20|B26|B38|B52|B54|B57|B60|prose=y}}.<ref>{{cite NYC bus map|B}}</ref>

The [[Long Island Rail Road]]'s [[Evergreen Branch]] used to run from northwest to southeast through Bushwick. The branch opened in 1878,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50334711/|title=Manhattan Beach|date=May 16, 1878|work=[[Brooklyn Daily Eagle]]|access-date=September 7, 2017 |location=[[Brooklyn|Brooklyn, NY]]|page=1}}</ref> though passenger service on the branch ended in 1896.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://vital.queenslibrary.org/vital/access/services/Download/aql:338/SOURCE1?view=true|title=The Long Island Rail Road : a comprehensive history. Part four, The Bay Ridge & Manhattan Beach Divisions; L.I.R.R. operation on the Brighton and Culver Lines |last=Seyfried|first=Vincent|year=1966|location=Garden City, New York}}</ref>{{Rp|92}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VFNQAAAAYAAJ&q=%22evergreen+branch%22+%22%C2%A0Glendale+and+East+River+Railroad%22 |title=Long Island Railroad Information Bulletin |date=February 20, 1924 |language=en}}</ref> However, the Evergreen Branch continued to be used as a freight branch until it was abandoned in 1984.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kJtUAAAAMAAJ&q=%22conrail%22+%22evergreen+industrial+track%22 |title=Traffic World|date=1984|publisher=Traffic Service Corporation|language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|56}} Since then, the route of the former railroad branch have been developed, converted to parking lots, or lain vacant.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wyckoffheights.org:80/post/98800431500/real-estate-round-up |title=Real Estate Round Up |date=September 30, 2014|website=wyckoffheights.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018100931/http://wyckoffheights.org/post/98800431500/real-estate-round-up |archive-date=October 18, 2014|url-status=usurped|access-date=September 7, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://forgotten-ny.com/2000/10/evergreen-branch-another-lost-lirr-line/|title=EVERGREEN BRANCH: another lost LIRR line – Forgotten New York|last=Walsh|first=Kevin|date=October 2000|website=forgotten-ny.com|language=en-US|access-date=September 14, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/26/nyregion/fyi-853631.html|title=F.Y.I.|last=Boland|first=Ed Jr.|date=August 26, 2001|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 17, 2017|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

During the 1960s, under the direction of [[Robert Moses]], there were plans to build an extension of [[Interstate 78 in New York|Interstate 78]] through Bushwick, to connect lower Manhattan with the [[South Shore (Long Island)|South Shore]] of [[Long Island]].<ref name="Unbuilt Bushwick Expressway">{{cite web|title=Bushwick Expressway (I-78, unbuilt)|url=http://www.nycroads.com/roads/bushwick/|publisher=nycroads.com|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref> The extension was to be called the Bushwick Expressway, but was never built, due to then Mayor [[John V. Lindsay]]'s concerns that traffic leaving Manhattan should bypass it via the [[Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge]] and the project was formally killed by Governor [[Nelson Rockefeller]] in 1971.<ref name="Unbuilt Bushwick Expressway"/><ref>[https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/plans/transportation/broadway_junction_pt1.pdf#page=18 ''Broadway Junction Transportation Study''], [[New York City Department of City Planning]], November 2008. Accessed December 25, 2023. "Interstate 78, the Bushwick Expressway, was intended to link the Williamsburg Bridge and Idlewild (JFK) Airport. Although one of the three proposed routes would have cut directly through Broadway Junction itself, an alignment just north of the study area, through the Cemetery of the Evergreens and Highland Park, was ultimately chosen. In 1966, Mayor Lindsay and the Regional Plan Association both agreed that the Cross-Brooklyn Expressway (I-695) was a higher priority, and in 1969, the Lindsay administration removed I-78 from the City map. Governor Rockefeller officially halted plans for I-78 in March 1971."</ref>

In 2010, 68% of residents used public transportation, up from 59% in 2000. Almost all residents (96%) live within {{convert|0.5|mi|km}} of the subway.<ref name=":17" />

{{clear}}

==Notable people==
{{Category see also|People from Bushwick, Brooklyn}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em|small=yes|rules=yes}}
* [[6ix9ine]] (born 1996), rapper who received international attention for his 2017 breakout hit song "[[Gummo (song)|Gummo]]".<ref>Mench, Chris. [https://genius.com/a/here-s-what-you-need-to-know-about-controversial-brooklyn-rapper-6ix9ine-his-breakout-hit-gummo "Here's What You Need To Know About Controversial Brooklyn Rapper 6ix9ine & His Breakout Hit 'Gummo'"], [[Genius (website)]], November 15, 2017. Accessed January 22, 2018. "Bushwick, Brooklyn rapper 6ix9ine (a.k.a. Teka$hi 6ix9ine) is one of the most controversial artists out right now, but that hasn't stopped the rise of his breakout hit 'Gummo.'"</ref><ref>Emmanuel C.M. [http://www.xxlmag.com/rap-music/new-music/2017/11/tekashi69-gummo/ "6ix9ine's "Gummo" Streaming Numbers Soar Amid Controversy"], ''[[XXL (magazine)]]'', November 21, 2017. Accessed February 12, 2018. "Daniel Hernandez, better known by his stage name 6ix9ine, is a Brooklyn-born rapper who currently has one of the hottest songs on the internet. 6ix9ine's 'Gummo' has amassed over 28 million YouTube views since its release in October and has collected over 3 million streams on Spotify. From his rainbow-colored hair and matching grills, to the numerous No. 69 tattoos all over his body, the young Bushwick, Brooklyn rapper, who also goes by Teka$hi 6ix9ine, has a unique outer presence. He's been popping up more and more on the web over the last two months, however, controversy surrounds him."</ref>
* [[Eric Adams]] (born 1960), politician and retired police officer who is the 110th [[Mayor of New York City]].<ref>Balk, Tim. [https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/nyc-elections-2021/ny-nyc-mayoral-race-eric-adams-queens-kid-who-climbed-ladder-to-city-call-20211019-swwr2s7xozcy3ae6xela2xanau-story.html "The Education of Eric Adams: How a tough kid from Queens climbed toward City Hall"], ''[[New York Daily News]]'', October 19, 2021. Accessed January 24, 2022. "In Adams' early childhood, the family scraped by in a four-story tenement in Bushwick."</ref>
* [[Eugene Armbruster]] (1865–1943), New York City photographer, illustrator, writer and historian.<ref>Linnemann, Art. [https://junipercivic.com/juniper-berry/article/eugene-l-armbruster-historian-of-the-area-and-era "Eugene L. Armbruster: Historian of the Area and Era"], Juniper Park Civic, October 20, 2020. Accessed January 24, 2022. "Eugene Armbruster was a remarkable man.... He married Julia Meury, who came from a prominent Manhattan family, and they raised a son and daughter in their home on Bushwick's Eldert Street."</ref>
* [[Jules de Balincourt]] (born 1972), contemporary artist<ref>Newton, Matthew. [http://blog.art21.org/2010/04/21/life-after-graduation/#.V_pe9ckjYlc "Life After Graduation"], [[Art:21]], April 21, 2010. Accessed October 9, 2016. "Jules de Balincourt in his Bushwick studio following his solo exhibition opening at Deitch Projects in SoHo"</ref>
* [[Bushwick Bill]] (1966–2019), rapper<ref>Centeno, Tony M. [https://www.iheart.com/content/2022-06-09-june-9-in-hip-hop-history-bushwick-bill-of-houstons-geto-boys-passes-away/ "June 9 In Hip-Hop History: Bushwick Bill Of Geto Boys Passes Away"], [[iHeartRadio]], June 9, 2022. Accessed December 25, 2023. "Born in Kingston, Jamaica, the rapper moved to Bushwick in Brooklyn, N.Y. while he was a child, which is what inspired his stage name 'Bushwick Bill.'"</ref>
* [[William Black (businessman)|William Black]] ({{Circa|1902}} –1983), businessman and philanthropist who founded [[Chock full o'Nuts]]<ref>Saxon, Wolfgang. [https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/08/obituaries/william-black-founder-and-head-of-chock-full-o-nuts-corp-dies.html "William Black, Founder And Head Of Chock Full o' Nuts Corp., Dies"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 8, 1983. Accessed December 25, 2023. "Mr. Black was born in Brooklyn's Bushwick section."</ref>
* [[Andre Charles (artist)|Andre Charles]] (born 1968), graffiti artist<ref>{{cite web |url=http://acharlesny.com/aboutac/aboutac.htm |title=Acharlesny – Andre Charles |access-date=September 27, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509082357/http://acharlesny.com/aboutac/aboutac.htm |archive-date=May 9, 2009 }}</ref>
* [[Arsonists (rap group)|D-Stroy]], rapper
* [[Da Beatminerz]], hip hop production team<ref>Mlynar, Phillip. [http://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2014/04/bushwicks-finest-feature "Bushwick's Finest: Forgotten Heroes of the Brooklyn Hip Hop Underground"], [[Red Bull Music Academy]], April 25, 2014. Accessed October 9, 2016. "Despite the lack of a breakthrough Bushwick star though, the area has left behind a fascinating seam of mid-'90s underground hip hop, sparked by Da Beatminerz and defined by a quartet of now-cult artists."</ref>
* [[Maritza Davila]] (born 1963), politician who represents the 53rd district in the [[New York State Assembly]].<ref>[http://assembly.state.ny.us/mem/Maritza-Davila/ Maritza Davila Biography], [[New York State Assembly]]. Accessed February 14, 2018. "Maritza Davila was born in Catano, Puerto Rico and moved to Bushwick, Brooklyn as a young girl, where she has lived ever since."</ref>
* [[Ryan J. Davis]] (born 1982), theatre director and social media director at [[Blue State Digital]]<ref>[http://ryanjdavis.blogspot.com Blog]. Ryanjdavis.blogspot.com.</ref>
* [[Danny Dias]] ({{Circa|1983}}–2017), activist and reality television personality<ref>Culliton, Kathleen. [https://patch.com/new-york/bushwick/road-rules-star-danny-dias-found-dead-bushwick-apartment-police-say "MTV's ''Road Rules'' Star Danny Dias Found Dead In Bushwick, Police Say"], [[Patch Media|Bushwick, NY Patch]], June 8, 2017. Accessed December 25, 2023. "An MTV reality star was found dead in his Bushwick apartment, police said. Reports claimed his death followed a bad reaction to hallucinogenic drugs. Former MTV ''Road Rules'' cast member Danny Dias, 34, was found with cuts on his wrists inside 896 Flushing Ave. near Bushwick Avenue around 5 p.m. Saturday, police said."</ref>
* [[Ella Emhoff]] (born 1999), daughter of former Vice President [[Kamala Harris]], dubbed "The First Daughter of Bushwick"<ref>{{cite web | last=Ernest | first=Maya | title=All About Ella Emhoff, Kamala Harris's Stylish Stepdaughter | website=Harper's Bazaar | date=August 24, 2024 | url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a61964368/ella-emhoff-outfits-kamala-harris-stepdaughter/ | access-date=June 25, 2025 |quote=Sometimes referred to as "the First Daughter of Bushwick"—the Brooklyn neighborhood in which she lives}}</ref>
* [[Camila Falquez]] (born 1989), [[portrait photography|portrait photographer]]<ref>Beckert, Michael. [https://www.wmagazine.com/culture/camila-falquez-gods-that-walk-amongst-us-nyc-show-interview "In ''Gods That Walk Amongst Us'', Artist Camila Falquez Captures Heavenly Beauty"], ''[[W (magazine)|w]]'', June 21, 2022. Accessed December 25, 2023. "I live and work in Bushwick, and I'm not a huge fan of the graffiti there, but there is this one piece that I love of two Indigenous people."</ref>
* [[Jackie Gleason]] (1916–1987), actor<ref>Staff. [http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=GB&p_theme=gb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAF8657904AB687&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM "Kid's Talk"], ''[[News & Record (Greensboro)]]'', September 19, 1995. Accessed June 8, 2009.</ref>
* [[Rick Gonzalez]] (born 1979), actor<ref>Ramos, Steve. [http://www.vulture.com/2007/08/illegal_tender_star_rick_gonza.html "''Illegal Tender'' Star Rick Gonzalez Is a Mama's Boy"], [[Vulture.com]], August 23, 2007. Accessed October 9, 2016. "Taking homeboy Rick Gonzalez out of Bushwick means bright lights and enthusiastic crowds outside the Chelsea West Cinemas for the Monday-night premiere of ''Illegal Tender'', a Latino mob movie in which Gonzalez plays a straight-arrow college kid unaware of his family's drug-dealing past."</ref>
* [[John Francis Hylan]] (1868–1936), former [[mayor of New York City]]<ref>Staff. [https://www.nytimes.com/1937/03/26/archives/citys-hub-placed-in-bushwick-yard-regional-plan-group-finds.html "City's Hub Placed In Bushwick Yard; Regional Plan Group Finds Geographic Center Is Far From Population Center"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 26, 1937. Accessed June 9, 2009. "Its best known resident in recent years was former Mayor John F. Hylan, who lived on Bushwick Avenue."</ref>
* [[Williams Jerez]] (born 1992), [[pitcher]], who played in MLB for the [[Los Angeles Angels]], [[San Francisco Giants]] and [[Pittsburgh Pirates]]<ref>[https://www.nydailynews.com/2011/03/25/grand-street-campus-prospect-williams-jerez-hopes-to-follow-in-footsteps-of-yankees-dellin-betances/ "Grand Street Campus prospect Williams Jerez hopes to"], ''[[New York Daily News]]'', March 25, 2011. Accessed December 25, 2023. "Jerez was born and raised in Santiago, Dominican Republic, before moving to the Bushwick section of Brooklyn two years ago."</ref>
* [[Elle King]] (born 1989), singer.<ref>[http://hollywoodlife.com/celeb/elle-king/ "Elle King"], [[Hollywoodlife.com]]. Accessed May 17, 2016. "She currently resides in Bushwick, Brooklyn."</ref>
* [[Timbo King]], rapper<ref name=Rauscher>{{cite book |last1=Rauscher |first1=Raymond Charles |last2=Momtaz |first2=Salim |title=Brooklyn's Bushwick – Urban Renewal in New York, USA: Community, Planning and Sustainable Environments |date=May 5, 2014 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-05762-0 |page=12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49EkBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Charlie Murphy (actor)|Charlie Murphy]] (1959–2017), comedian and actor<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Kreps |first1=Daniel |title=Charlie Murphy, Comedian and 'Chappelle's Show' Star, Dead at 57 |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/tv-news/charlie-murphy-comedian-and-chappelles-show-star-dead-at-57-118481/ |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=November 13, 2020 |date=April 12, 2017}}</ref><ref name=Rauscher />
* [[Eddie Murphy]] (born 1961), comedian and actor<ref>Lovece, Frank. [https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JtAEAAAAIBAJ&sjid=SzoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6872,5299502 "'Beverly Hills Cop 3 – Eddie Murphy Is Back"], ''Calhoun Times'', June 1, 1994. Accessed February 12, 2018. "Murphy's used to taking knocks. Raised in the projects, in the Bushwick section of Brooklyn, he saw his parents divorce when he was 3."</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070807210218/http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9418676 Eddie Murphy Biography – Facts, Birthday, Life Story]. Biography.com (April 3, 1961).</ref>
* [[Harry Nilsson]], (1941–1994), singer/songwriter<ref>[[Kenneth T. Jackson|Jackson, Kenneth T.]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=o1UYAAAAIAAJ&q=bushwick+%22Harry+Nilsson%22&dq=bushwick ''The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives, Volume 4''], [[Gale (publisher)]], 2000. {{ISBN|9780684806440}}. Accessed July 31, 2016. "Nilsson spent most of his early childhood living in an apartment at 762 Jefferson Avenue in the Bushwick section of Brooklyn with his mother and half sister, his maternal grandparents, two uncles, an aunt, and a cousin."</ref>
* [[O.C. (rapper)|O.C.]], rapper<ref name=Rauscher />
* [[Jeannie Ortega]] (born 1986), singer<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/artist/304363/jeannie-ortega/biography Jeannie Ortega: Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220133720/http://www.billboard.com/artist/304363/jeannie-ortega/biography |date=December 20, 2016 }}, ''[[Billboard (magazine)]]''. Accessed July 31, 2016. "Born Jeannette Ortega in the tough Bushwick section of Brooklyn on November 19, 1986, Ortega devoted herself to a career in show business at an early age, busking as part of an adolescent song and dance duo called Sugar and Spice by the turn of the millennium."</ref>
* [[Rosie Perez]] (born 1964), actress.<ref>Brown, Ruth. [http://www.brooklynpaper.com/stories/37/8/24-rosie-perez-2014-02-21-bk_37_8.html "Do the write thing: Rosie Perez reveals traumatic childhood in new memoir"], ''[[The Brooklyn Paper]]'', February 21, 2014. Accessed May 17, 2016. "In her candid new memoir, ''Handbook for an Unpredictable Life,'' the Brooklyn-born and bred actress reveals her traumatic childhood in Bushwick and upstate New York, chronicling the poverty, racism, sexism, and abuse she overcame on the rocky road to stardom."</ref>
* [[Q-Unique]], rapper<ref name=Rauscher />
* [[Anthony Ramos (actor)|Anthony Ramos]], (born 1991), actor and performer from ''[[Hamilton (musical)|Hamilton]]''<ref>Stewart, Zachary. [http://www.theatermania.com/broadway/news/anthony-ramos-went-from-baseball-in-bushwick-to-pe_73745.html "Anthony Ramos Went From Baseball in Bushwick to Performing Hamilton for Barack Obama; One of the stars of Broadway's next big hit on the series of lucky shots that led him to this place."], Theater Mania, August 5, 2015. Accessed July 31, 2016. "When Anthony Ramos was growing up in the Bushwick neighborhood of Brooklyn he never imagined he'd be starring in a Broadway show, much less the most sensational musical to hit the Rialto in years."</ref>
* [[Phil Rizzuto]] (1917–2007), baseball player and broadcaster<ref>{{cite book|title=New York Magazine Dec 24, 1984|date = December 24, 1984|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YOcCAAAAMBAJ&q=phil+rizzuto+bushwick&pg=PA92|publisher=New York Magazine|access-date=May 8, 2011}}</ref>
* [[Chynna Rogers]] (1994–2020), rapper, disc jockey, and model.<ref>Anderson, Stacey. [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/09/fashion/rapper-and-model-chynna-rogers-straddles-two-worlds-with-ease.html "Rapper and Model Chynna Rogers Straddles Two Worlds With Ease"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', August 7, 2015. Accessed January 24, 2022. "Now Lives In a three-bedroom apartment in Bushwick, Brooklyn, that she shares."</ref>
* [[Salt (rapper)|Salt]] (born 1966 as Cheryl James), rapper<ref>[[Dinitia Smith|Smith, Dinitia]]. [https://nymag.com/intelligencer/1994/01/straight-outta-queens.html "Straight Outta Queens"], ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'', January 17, 1994. Accessed November 7, 2022. "James grew up in Bushwick and went to Grover Cleveland High School, which seemed overwhelmingly white."</ref>
* [[Bernice Silver]] (1913–2020), puppeteer and activist.<ref>Green, Penelope. [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/21/obituaries/bernice-silver-dead-coronavirus.html "Bernice Silver, Impish Puppeteer and Activist, Dies at 106"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', May 21, 2020. Accessed January 24, 2022. "Bernice Silver was born Oct. 7, 1913, in Bushwick, Brooklyn, to Sam and Frances (Resnikoff) Silver."</ref>
* [[Obi Toppin]] (born 1998), [[Power forward (basketball)|power forward]] for the [[New York Knicks]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schulman|first=Jonathan|date=July 16, 2020|title=Know the Prospect: Obi Toppin|url=https://www.postingandtoasting.com/2020/7/16/21322051/know-the-prospect-obi-toppin|access-date=January 24, 2022|website=Posting and Toasting|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Mae West]] (1893–1980), actor.<ref>Thompson, Howard. [https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/25/archives/mae-west-76-still-finding-new-generations-of-fans.html "Mae West, 76, Still Finding New Generations of Fans"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', June 25, 1970. Accessed May 17, 2016. "'Tomorrow I'm going out to Bushwick – we lived next door to Mayor [John] Hylan – to see what's left of the old place.'"</ref>
* [[Dwight York]] (born 1945), convicted criminal and leader of the [[Nuwaubian Nation]] movement<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cawthorne |first1=Nigel |title=Cults: The World's Most Notorious Cults |date=August 8, 2019 |publisher=Quercus |isbn=978-1-5294-0164-6 |page=143 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mVyGDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT143 |language=en}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==References==

===Notes===
{{notelist}}

===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* Goodman, James, ''Blackout''. North Point Press. New York, NY 2003 {{ISBN|0-86547-658-6}}
* Jackson, Kenneth T. and John B. Manbeck, ''The Neighborhoods of Brooklyn,'' 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004, 4448. {{ISBN|0-300-10310-7}}
* {{cite news|author=Robert Sullivan |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/05/magazine/305bushwick.1.html?ei=5070&en=3fe2d8336ab2041c&ex=1155182400&pagewanted=all |title=Psst... Have You Heard About Bushwick? |date=March 5, 2006 |access-date=August 8, 2006 |work=The New York Times}}
* {{cite web|author=Christine Lagorio |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/nyclife/0550,lagorio,70798,15.html |title=CloseUp on Bushwick, Brooklyn |date=December 7, 2005 |access-date=August 8, 2006}}
* {{cite news|author=Jeff Vandam |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/11/realestate/11livi.html?ex=1155441600&en=4880ae356bd5d439&ei=5070 |title=BargainHunting? Stay on the LTrain a Little Longer | date =June 11, 2006 | access-date= August 11, 2006 |work=The New York Times}}
* Cooper, Mabusha "Push ", PUSH HIP HOP HISTORY- The Brooklyn Scene, 1st Books Library, {{ISBN|1-4107-9935-2}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|Bushwick, Brooklyn}}

{{Adjacent communities
 | NORTHWEST=[[Williamsburg, Brooklyn|Williamsburg]]
 | NORTH=[[East Williamsburg]]
 | NORTHEAST=[[Ridgewood, Queens]]
 | WEST=
 | CENTER=Bushwick
 | EAST=
 | SOUTHWEST=[[Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn|Bedford-Stuyvesant]]
 | SOUTH=[[Brownsville, Brooklyn|Brownsville]]
 | SOUTHEAST=[[East New York]],  [[Highland Park, Brooklyn|Highland Park]]}}
{{Brooklyn}}
{{Former towns of New York City}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Bushwick, Brooklyn| ]]
[[Category:1661 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1661 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:Dominican-American culture in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Establishments in New Netherland]]
[[Category:Former towns in New York City]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American culture in New York City]]
[[Category:Neighborhoods in Brooklyn]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1661]]
[[Category:Puerto Rican culture in New York City]]
[[Category:Sicilian-American culture]]
[[Category:Italian-American culture in New York City]]
[[Category:Italian-American history]]
[[Category:Little Italys in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Little Italys in the United States]]