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{{Short description|1910 North American multi-lateral agreement regarding copyrights}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox treaty
| name                = Buenos Aires Convention
| long_name           = Convention on Literary and Artistic Copyright
| image               = Buenos Aires Convention Signatories.png
| image_width         =
| caption             = {{legend|#007FFF|Signatories to the Buenos Aires Convention}}
| type                = Multilateral
| date_drafted        =
| date_signed         = {{Start date|df=yes|1910|08|11}}
| location_signed     = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina
| date_sealed         =
| date_effective      =
| condition_effective =
| date_expiration     =
| negotiators         =
| signatories         =
| parties             = 18
| ratifiers           =
| depositor           = Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic
| language            =
| languages           = Spanish, English, Portuguese and French
| wikisource          = Buenos Aires Convention
}}

The '''Buenos Aires Convention''' (Third [[Pan-American Convention]]) is an [[International copyright treaties|international copyright treaty]] signed in [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina, on 11 August 1910, providing mutual recognition of [[copyright]]s where the work carries a notice containing a statement of [[reservation of rights]] (Art.&nbsp;3). This was commonly done with the phrase "[[All rights reserved]]" ({{langx|es|Todos los derechos reservados}}; {{langx|pt|Todos os direitos reservados}}) next to the [[copyright notice]]. This implementation varied as [[US law]] only required the author and year of publishing. Copyright protection under the convention is granted for the shorter of the terms of the protecting country and the source country of the work ("[[rule of the shorter term]]", Arts.&nbsp;6, 7). The rather vague nature of the requirement for a statement of reservation led to the development of longer and more legalistic wordings, which have persisted despite the developments in [[international copyright law]].

The convention is specifically retained by the [[Universal Copyright Convention]] (UCC) of 6 September 1952 (Art.&nbsp;18 Geneva Act),{{ref|UCC}} with the most recent formulation taking precedence in case of conflict. As the Buenos Aires Convention was not modified, the presence of a simple copyright notice was sufficient to ensure mutual recognition of copyright between countries which became parties to the UCC (which only [[Honduras]] never did). As of {{Start date|df=yes|2000|08|23}}, all parties to the Buenos Aires Convention are also parties to the [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works]], which provides for mutual recognition of copyright without any [[copyright formalities|formalities]] (Art.&nbsp;5.2 Berne).{{ref|Berne}}

The Buenos Aires Convention became a "special agreement" in the terms of Article&nbsp;20 of the Berne Convention. It remains in force, notably for determining the source country of a work and hence the term of protection which is applicable in countries which apply the "rule of the shorter term":{{ref|shorterterm}} when a work is simultaneously published in a Convention State and a non-Convention State, the Convention State will be taken to be the source country regardless of the term of protection in the non-Convention State.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=2 | Country
! Buenos Aires Convention 
! [[Universal Copyright Convention|UCC]]
! [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works|Berne]]
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Argentina.svg|30px]]
| [[Argentina]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1950|04|19}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1958|02|13}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1967|06|10}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Bolivia.svg|30px]]
| [[Bolivia]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1914|05|15}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1990|03|22}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1993|11|04}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Brazil.svg|30px]]
| [[Brazil]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1915|08|31}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1960|01|13}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1922|02|09}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Chile.svg|30px]]
| [[Chile]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1955|06|14}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1955|09|16}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1970|06|05}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Colombia.svg|30px]]
| [[Colombia]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1936|12|23}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1976|06|18}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1988|03|07}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Costa Rica.svg|30px]]
| [[Costa Rica]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1916|11|30}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1955|09|16}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1978|06|10}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|30px]]
| [[Dominican Republic]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1912|10|31}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1983|05|08}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1997|12|24}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Ecuador.svg|30px]]
| [[Ecuador]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1914|04|27}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1957|06|05}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1991|10|09}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Guatemala.svg|30px]]
| [[Guatemala]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1913|03|28}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1964|10|28}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1997|01|11}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Haiti.svg|30px]]
| [[Haiti]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1919|11|27}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1955|09|16}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1996|01|11}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Honduras.svg|30px]]
| [[Honduras]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1914|04|27}}
| —
| {{Start date|df=yes|1990|01|25}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|30px]]
| [[Mexico]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1964|04|24}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1957|05|12}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1967|06|11}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|30px]]
| [[Nicaragua]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1913|12|15}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1961|08|16}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|2000|08|23}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Panama.svg|30px]]
| [[Panama]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1913|11|25}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1962|10|17}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1996|06|08}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Paraguay.svg|30px]]
| [[Paraguay]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1917|09|20}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1962|03|11}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1992|01|02}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Peru.svg|30px]]
| [[Peru]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1920|04|30}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1963|10|16}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1988|08|20}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of the United States.svg|30px]]
| [[United States]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1911|08|01}}{{ref|Proclam}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1955|09|16}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1989|03|01}}
|-
| [[Image:Flag of Uruguay.svg|30px]]
| [[Uruguay]]
| {{Start date|df=yes|1919|05|11}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1993|04|12}}
| {{Start date|df=yes|1967|07|10}}
|-
|}
''Sources'': [[United States Copyright Office|U.S. Copyright Office]],{{ref|Circ38a}} [[UNESCO]],{{ref|UCCParties}} [[WIPO]]{{ref|BerneParties}}

==References==
#{{note|UCC}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20121125161930/http://ipmall.info/hosted_resources/lipa/copyrights/The%20Universal%20Copyright%20Convention%20_Geneva%20Text--September.pdf Geneva Act of the Universal Copyright Convention], done at Geneva, 1952-09-06.
#{{note|Berne}} [https://www.jus.uio.no/english/services/library/treaties/10/10-02/protection-literary-artistic.html Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (Berne Convention)] 
#{{note|shorterterm}} The United States has never applied the rule of the shorter term: all copyright works are protected for the normal U.S. term of copyright.
#{{note|Proclam}} The United States deposited its Instruments of Ratification with the Government of Argentina on 1911-05-01, and hence the treaty came into force with respect to the other parties three months after that date (Art.&nbsp;16). The treaty was not proclaimed in the United States until 1914-07-13.
#{{note|Circ38a}} "[http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ38a.pdf International Copyright Relations of the United States]", U.S.&nbsp;Copyright Office Circular No.&nbsp;38a, August 2003.
#{{note|UCCParties}} [http://www.unesco.org/culture/copyright/html_eng/ucc52ms.pdf Parties to the Geneva Act of the Universal Copyright Convention] as of 2000-01-01: the dates given in the document are dates of ratification, not dates of coming into force. The Geneva Act came into force on 1955-09-16 for the first twelve to have ratified (which included four non-members of the Berne Union as required by Art.&nbsp;9.1), or three months after ratification for other countries.
#{{note|BerneParties}} [https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/treaties/en/docs/pdf/berne.pdf Parties to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works] as of 2006-05-30.

== External links ==
{{wikisource|Buenos Aires Convention}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061012213626/http://ipmall.info/hosted_resources/lipa/copyrights/The%20Buenos%20Aires%20Convention.pdf#search=%22Buenos%20Aires%20Convention%22 Text of the Convention]

[[Category:Intellectual property treaties]]
[[Category:History of Buenos Aires]]
[[Category:Copyright treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties concluded in 1910]]
[[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1914]]
[[Category:Treaties of Argentina]]
[[Category:Treaties of Bolivia]]
[[Category:Treaties of the First Brazilian Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Chile]]
[[Category:Treaties of Colombia]]
[[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Dominican Republic]]
[[Category:Treaties of Ecuador]]
[[Category:Treaties of Haiti]]
[[Category:Treaties of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Treaties of Honduras]]
[[Category:Treaties of Nicaragua]]
[[Category:Treaties of Mexico]]
[[Category:Treaties of Panama]]
[[Category:Treaties of Paraguay]]
[[Category:Treaties of Peru]]
[[Category:Treaties of the United States]]
[[Category:Treaties of Uruguay]]
[[Category:1910 in Argentina]]
[[Category:1910s in Buenos Aires]]