View source for Buck Flowers

{{Short description|American football player (1899–1983)}}
{{for|the actor|George Buck Flower}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox college football player
| name = Buck Flowers
| image = Flowersgatech.jpg
| image_size = 220px
| caption = Flowers in 1920
| class = 1920
| height_ft=5
| height_in=7
| weight_lb=155
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1899|3|26}}
| birth_place = [[Sumter, South Carolina]], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1983|4|8|1899|3|26}}
| death_place = [[Birmingham, Alabama]], U.S.
| currentposition = [[Halfback (American football)|Halfback]]
| pastschools = 
* [[Davidson Wildcats football|Davidson]] (1917)
* [[Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football|Georgia Tech]] (1918–1920)
| highschool = [[Sumter High School|Sumter]]
| highlights =
* 2× [[Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association|SIAA]] champion (1918, 1920)
* Second-team [[All-American]] ([[1918 College Football All-America Team|1918]])
* Third-team All-American ([[1920 College Football All-America Team|1920]])
* 3× [[College Football All-Southern Team|All-Southern]] ([[1917 College Football All-Southern Team|1917]], [[1919 College Football All-Southern Team|1919]], [[1920 College Football All-Southern Team|1920]])
* [[Associated Press|AP]] Southeast All-Time team (1869–1919 era)
* Tech All-Era Team ([[William Alexander (coach)|William Alexander]] Era)
| CFBHOF_id = 1279
| CFBHOF_year = 1955
| school = Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets
}}

'''Allen Ralph "Buck" Flowers, Jr.''' (March 26, 1899 – April 8, 1983) was an American [[college football]] player who was a [[Halfback (American football)|halfback]] for the [[Davidson Wildcats football]] team of [[Davidson College]] in 1917 and for the [[Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football|Georgia Tech Golden Tornado]] football team of the [[Georgia Institute of Technology|Georgia School of Technology]] in 1918, 1919 and 1920.

A [[triple-threat man|triple threat]], Flowers also handled [[Punt (gridiron football)|punting]] and [[drop kick]]s. Coach [[William Alexander (coach)|William Alexander]] said Flowers was the best punter Tech ever had and the best back he ever coached,<ref name="cast" /> calling him "[[pound for pound]], my greatest player". As a [[Safety (gridiron football position)|safety]] on defense, no player ever got past Flowers for a [[touchdown]].<ref name=torna>{{cite journal|title=The Tornado of '20|author=Walter Coxe|page=22|url=http://issuu.com/gtalumni/docs/1953_32_2/22|journal=Georgia Tech Alumni Magazine|volume=32|number=2|year=1953}}</ref>

In 1955, he became the first [[Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football|Georgia Tech football]] player to be inducted into the [[College Football Hall of Fame]]. Flowers was also selected as a halfback on an [[Associated Press]] [[Southeastern United States|Southeast Area]] All-Time football team 1869–1919 era.<ref name="allse">{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1891&dat=19690727&id=2eRGAAAAIBAJ&pg=2256,3526388|newspaper=Gadsden Times|date=July 27, 1969|title=All-Time Football Team Lists Greats Of Past, Present}}</ref>

==Early years==
Flowers was born in [[Sumter, South Carolina]], in 1899, the son of Allen Ralph Flowers, Sr. and M. Bettie (Cain) Flowers.<ref>Ancestry.com. South Carolina Delayed Births, 1766-1900 and City of Charleston, South Carolina Births, 1877-1901 [database on-line]. Allen Ralph Flowers, born March 28, 1899, at Sumter.</ref> He attended [[Sumter High School]].<ref name=Obit /> As a [[Twelfth grade|senior]] in 1916, Flowers played for a Sumter team that lost only one game.  He later recalled, "I only [[Weight|weighed]] 115 [[Pound (force)|pounds]] when I was in [[Secondary school|high school]]. I did all of the kicking but didn't run very much because I was so small".<ref name=Item>{{cite news|title=Buck Flowers: He Could Do It All — Well |newspaper=Daily Item|location=Sumter, South Carolina|date=October 15, 1969|page=B2|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1979&dat=19691015&id=fXMiAAAAIBAJ&pg=1126,1790436}}</ref> He is considered the greatest athlete to come out of Sumter, at least before [[Freddie Solomon]].<ref>Sumter Item, 15 Oct 1969.</ref>

==College football==

===Davidson College===
====1917====
Flowers enrolled at [[Davidson College]] in [[Davidson, North Carolina]] on a scholarship arranged by his Presbyterian minister.<ref name=Item /><ref name=CFHOF>{{cite web|title=Buck Flowers Member Biography|publisher=College Football Hall of Fame|access-date=September 5, 2014|url={{College Football HoF/url|id=1279}}}}</ref>  At just 17 years of age he played for the [[Davidson Wildcats football]] team.<ref name=Item/> In [[1917 Davidson Wildcats football team|1917]] Flowers participated in one of the great [[Upset (competition)|upsets]] in [[American South|Southern]] football history as the Wildcats bested the [[1917 Auburn Tigers football team|Auburn Tigers]] 21–7.<ref name=Item /><ref>{{cite news|work=Atlanta Constitution|author=Dick Jemison|author-link=Dick Jemison|date=November 11, 1917|title=Ralph Flowers, Demon Halfback, Defeats Auburn|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1960613// Part 1] [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1960647/flowers2/ Part 2] {{Open access}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1917586//|title=Ralph Flowers, All-Southern Back|date=November 18, 1917|page=12|work=The Washington Herald|access-date=March 4, 2015|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref> In the victory over Auburn, Flowers returned a punt 65 yards for a touchdown, caught a [[Forward pass|pass]] for a second touchdown, set up a third touchdown with an 85-yard return to Auburn's two-[[Yard lines|yard line]], and kicked all three [[Conversion (gridiron football)|extra points]] for the Wildcats. He also prevented Auburn from scoring with a tackle at the goal line.<ref name=Obit>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1979&dat=19830411&id=S6EiAAAAIBAJ&pg=2753,6856766|newspaper=Sumter Daily Item|title=Renowned Athlete Buck Flowers Dies|date=April 11, 1983|page=3A}}</ref><ref name=Item /> Flowers also had a 68-yard run against Navy in 1917.<ref name=CFHOF />

Davidson scored the most on the [[1917 Georgia Tech Golden Tornado football team|1917 Georgia Tech Golden Tornado]],  for many years considered the greatest football team the South ever produced,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/creatingbiggamej00umph|url-access=registration|title=Creating The Big Game|author=Wiley Lee Umphlett|page=[https://archive.org/details/creatingbiggamej00umph/page/141 141]|date=1992|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=0313284040}}</ref> in a 32&ndash;10 loss. Flowers made a field goal that game. Some would call Davidson the second best southern team that year.<ref name="part1">{{cite journal|url=http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/CFHSN/CFHSNv01/CFHSNv01n3a.pdf|title=Georgia Tech's 1917 backfield, better than the Four Horsemen Part 1|journal=College Football Historical Society|volume=1|number=3|date=February 1988|author=Bernie McCarty|access-date=2014-10-11|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120719/http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/CFHSN/CFHSNv01/CFHSNv01n3a.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> One description of Flowers's play reads: "Against the previously impenetrable Tech defense of 1917 Buck was the [[Houdini]]-like escape artist – the [[will-o'-the-wisp]] of twisting, tantalizing runs, one of which set the stage for the Davidson touchdown and another of which brought them within range for a Flowers [[drop-kick]] of three points.<ref name="cast">{{cite journal|url=http://issuu.com/gtalumni/docs/1973_51_4/20|journal=Georgia Tech Alumni Magazine|volume=51|title=They Walked Away Into Legend...|author=Lynn Hogan|number=4|date=1973|pages=15–19}}</ref> Tech's renowned [[backfield]] of [[Albert Hill (American football)|Albert Hill]], [[Everett Strupper]], [[Joe Guyon]], and freshman [[Judy Harlan]],<ref name="part2">{{cite web|url=http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/CFHSN/CFHSNv01/CFHSNv01n4h.pdf|title=Georgia Tech's 1917 backfield, better than the Four Horsemen Part 2|access-date=2014-10-11|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070443/http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/CFHSN/CFHSNv01/CFHSNv01n4h.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://issuu.com/gtalumni/docs/1950_28_4/19|title = Everett Strupper, Tech Immortal, Passes Suddenly|date = 1950|journal = Georgia Tech Alumni Magazine|volume = 28|number = 4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MvqqjngtLV8C&q=%22four+horsemen%22+guyon+strupper&pg=PA7|title=Stadium Stories: Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets|author=Adam Van Brimmer|page=7|isbn=9780762740208|year=2006|publisher=Globe Pequot Press }}</ref> had all but Harlan make the composite [[College Football All-Southern Team|All-Southern]] team. The spot remaining went to Flowers.<ref name="1918 Spalding">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/officialfootball19181nati#page/n27/mode/2up/search/%22all-southern%22|title=Spalding Football Guide|date=1918|publisher=Shawnee Mission, Kansas, NCAA Publishing Service }}</ref>

===Georgia Tech===
In 1918, Flowers enrolled at Georgia Tech where he played for the 1918, 1919, and 1920 teams coached by [[John Heisman]] and [[William Alexander (coach)|Bill Alexander]]. In his first season of [[1918 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team|1918]], Flowers had grown to a weight of 150 pounds and was a [[Substitution (sport)|backup]] halfback until Heisman discovered Flowers' ability as an open-field runner on punt returns: "Heisman's eyes bulged. And bulged again. On the first punt, Buck ran through the entire first team. Same thing again..and again. Heisman had uncovered one of the greatest broken-field runners."<ref name="Item" /> Tech went on to win the [[Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association]] (SIAA) in 1918.

===1919===
[[File:1919VandyTech.jpg|thumb|280px|Flowers' touchdown vs. Vanderbilt, 1919.]]
Heisman resigned after the [[1919 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team|1919 season]]. In a 28&ndash;0 victory over [[1919 Clemson Tigers football team|Clemson]],  Flowers had a 26-yard touchdown run [[end run|around left end]].<ref name="climp" /> Flowers "[[Juke (football move)|sidestepped]], ducked, twisted  and turned until he had again crossed the field almost to the opposite side and then [[Stiff-arm fend|stiff-arming]] the last man in his way, crossed the goal for a touchdown."<ref name="climp" />  A 15-yard pass from Flowers to [[Bill Fincher]] netted the third touchdown.<ref name="climp">{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/15536525/the_atlanta_constitution/|title=Tigers Fought Hard And Jackets Battled For 28 to 0 Victory|page=3|date=October 12, 1919|access-date=December 3, 2017|author=Les Rawlings|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|work=The Atlanta Constitution}} {{Open access}}</ref> Flowers had a 78-yard touchdown against [[1919 Vanderbilt Commodores football team|Vanderbilt]] in the mud.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5250637/the_washington_post/|date=October 19, 1919|page=23|title=Georgia Tech Swamps Vanderbilt, 20 to 0|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=May 13, 2016|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref>

====1920====
Flowers was captain of the [[1920 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team|1920 team]] that compiled an 8–1 record, suffered its only loss to  [[Glenn Warner|Glenn "Pop" Warner]]'s [[Pittsburgh Panthers football|Pittsburgh]], outscored opponents 280 to 16, and tied for first place with [[1920 Georgia Bulldogs football team|Georgia]] and [[1920 Tulane Green Wave football team|Tulane]] in the SIAA.<ref name=Obit />  Records conflict as to Flowers' rushing totals during the 1920 season.  According to one account, which acknowledged it was based on incomplete records, Flowers rushed 80 times for 819 yards (10.2 yards per carry) and had 290 punt return yards (16.5 yards per return) in six games.<ref name=Item />  According to another account, published by the [[United Press]] in 1958, Flowers rushed for 1,425 yards in 1920.<ref name=UP /> Flowers also handled punting for Georgia Tech and led the country with an average of 49.4 yards per punt in 1920.<ref name=Obit /> His longest punts were 82 yards against Georgetown and 85 yards against Davidson.<ref name=CFHOF /> Flowers also had an 80-yard touchdown run against Georgetown.[[File:TechGoldentornado.png|thumb|200px|"The Golden Tornado"|alt=|left]]Georgia Tech dominated in a week 4 win over [[1920 Vanderbilt Commodores football team|Vanderbilt]]. The 44 to 0 victory was one of the largest at [[Old Dudley Field]].{{refn|group="n"|The worst loss there for Vandy since [[North Carolina Tar Heels football|North Carolina]] won 48 to 0 in 1900.<ref name="50Years">Russell, Fred, and Maxwell Edward Benson. ''Fifty Years of Vanderbilt Football''. Nashville, Tennessee, 1938, p. 38</ref>}} It was the first game of the year to have direct implications for the Southern championship,<ref name="Tornado">{{Closed access}} {{cite news|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/HistArchive/?p_product=EANX&p_theme=ahnp&p_nbid=G6EI5FUXMTQwNjAwOTI0MC4yMTU0ODM6MToxMzoxMzIuMTk4LjUwLjEz&p_action=doc&s_lastnonissuequeryname=9&d_viewref=search&p_queryname=9&p_docnum=10&p_docref=v2:11210D409F608820@EANX-117BC5EB26E4DD08@2422614-117BC5EBA00A87A8@7-117BC5ED2BA5ACF0@Southen%20Football%20Games%20Today%20to%20Have%20Bearing%20on%20Grid%20Title%20for%201920%3B%20Tech%20Plays%20|title=Southern Football Games Today To Have Bearing On Grid Title For 1920; Tech Plays Vanderbilt|newspaper=The Macon Daily Telegraph|date=October 16, 1920}}</ref> and cited by some as the most interesting southern contest of the week.<ref>{{Closed access}} {{cite news|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/HistArchive/?p_product=EANX&p_theme=ahnp&p_nbid=G6EI5FUXMTQwNjAwOTI0MC4yMTU0ODM6MToxMzoxMzIuMTk4LjUwLjEz&p_action=doc&s_lastnonissuequeryname=9&d_viewref=search&p_queryname=9&p_docnum=6&p_docref=v2:10EEA3CFD727D370@EANX-118206542569B688@2422613-11820655DC425060@18-1182066E38C49BA8@Big%20Teams%20to%20be%20Active%20Saturday%20by%20Jack%20Veiock%20International%20News%20Service%20Sports%20Editor|newspaper=Fort Worth Star-Telegram|title=Big Teams To Be Active Saturday|author=Jack Veiock|date=October 15, 1920}}</ref> Georgia Tech outplayed Vanderbilt and had the ball for three-fourths of the game. Many Commodores left with injuries.<ref name="50Years" /> Vanderbilt's ends were easily skirted by the Tech backs Flowers,  [[Red Barron]], and Ferst.<ref name="50Years" /> Captain Flowers made a drop kick from 44 yards out.<ref name="Spalding1920">{{Cite book|title = Spalding's Official Football Guide|last = Camp|first = Walter|publisher = American Sports Publishing Company|year = 1921|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kA_iAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> Ferst came in for Flowers, when Georgia Tech started to use substitutes in the middle of the second quarter. In the loss to Pitt, Flowers drew praise for his spirited tackling of Pitt's larger backs.<ref name=torna/>

{{rquote|right|'''The Auburn Tiger came up with claws sharpened. As he writhed in death agony when the battle was over, he made one request, "Please omit Flowers".'''| Sportswriter [[Morgan Blake]]|<ref name=CFHOF />}}

Flowers appeared in his final college football game on November 25, 1920, as Georgia Tech defeated Auburn at Grant Field in Atlanta by a score of 34 to 0.<ref name=GT />  Flowers scored three touchdowns in the game, including punt returns of 82 and 65 yards and a 33-yard run from scrimmage, and also passed for a fourth touchdown.<ref name=CFHOF /><ref>{{cite news|title=Golden Tornado Wins: Georgia Tech Crushes Alabama Poly by Score of 34 to 0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 26, 1920|page=19|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/11/26/109801885.pdf}}</ref>  Flowers also kicked a punt that went 65 yards in the air against Auburn.<ref name=GT>{{cite news|title=Golden Tornado Sweeps Through Auburn Team 34–0: "Buck" Flowers in Final Game of Career Plays Spectacular Football, Makes Two Eighty-Yard Runs|newspaper=The Spartanburg Herald|date=November 26, 1920|page=14|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1876&dat=19201124&id=6F4sAAAAIBAJ&pg=6456,4049227}}</ref>  Sportswriter [[Morgan Blake]] had this to say of Flowers' play against Auburn: "The Auburn Tiger came up with claws sharpened. As he writhed in death agony when the battle was over, he made one request, 'Please omit Flowers'".<ref name=CFHOF />

The ''Atlanta Journal'' wrote that Flowers was "flitting like a phantom, an undulating, rippling, chromatic phantom, over the whitewashed lines".<ref name=CFHOF />  After the 1920 season, Flowers was selected as a third-team All-American by the [[United Press]] and the [[International News Service]].<ref name=UP>{{cite news|author=Henry L. Farrell|title=Brilliant Backs Are Features of 1920 Eleven: United Press Scribe Picks An All-American Eleven Himself|work=Middletown Daily Herald|date=1920-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Jacob Velock|title=Hard Task To Pick All-American Team From This Season's Galaxy of Stars|work=Trenton Evening Times|date=1920-12-07}}</ref>

==Later years==
After retiring from football, Flowers had a career in banking and insurance. In 1930, he was living in Atlanta and was the manager of a bank's loan department.<ref>1930 U.S. Census entry for Allen R. Flowers, age 31, born in South Carolina, married to Gladys Flowers. Census Place: Atlanta, Fulton, Georgia; Roll: 364; Page: 17B; Enumeration District: 0117; Image: 165.0; FHL microfilm: 2340099. 1930 United States Federal Census [database on-line].</ref>  In his later years, Flowers lived in [[Birmingham, Alabama]].<ref name=Grid />  As of 1958, he was employed as the southeastern region mortgage supervisor for Metropolitan Life Insurance Company.<ref>{{cite news|title=Whatever happened to ...|newspaper=Sarasota Journal |agency=United Press|date=May 19, 1958|page=12|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1798&dat=19580519&id=KAYdAAAAIBAJ&pg=3577,1854401}}</ref>

In 1955, he became the first Georgia Tech football player to be inducted into the [[College Football Hall of Fame]].<ref name=Item /> At the induction ceremony at [[Rutgers University]], Flowers was joined by approximately a dozen teammates from the 1920 Georgia Tech team.  Flowers gave credit to his teammates and called his induction into the Hall of Fame his "greatest honor".<ref name=Grid>{{cite news|title=Buck Flowers Enters Grid Hall of Fame|newspaper=Rome News-Tribune|agency=AP |date=October 16, 1955|page=10|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=348&dat=19551014&id=WJtMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6391,4233628}}</ref>

Flowers died in 1983 at Birmingham, Alabama, at age 84.<ref name=CFHOF /> He was survived by a daughter.<ref name=Obit />

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=n}}

==Endnotes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{CollegeFootballHOF|1279}}
* {{Find a Grave|134919401}}

{{Navboxes
| title = Buck Flowers &ndash; awards and honors
| list1 =
{{1917 College Football Composite All-Southerns}}
{{1919 College Football Composite All-Southerns}}
{{1920 College Football Composite All-Southerns}}
{{Walter Camp Southern All-Americans navbox}}
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Flowers, Buck}}
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:American football halfbacks]]
[[Category:Davidson Wildcats football players]]
[[Category:Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football players]]
[[Category:All-Southern college football players]]
[[Category:College Football Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Players of American football from Sumter, South Carolina]]
[[Category:American football punters]]
[[Category:American football drop kickers]]
[[Category:American football safeties]]