View source for Browning Hi-Power

{{Short description|American-Belgian semi-automatic pistol}}
{{Redirect|Hi-Power|the record label|Mr. Capone-E|}}
{{Original research|date=October 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name               = Browning Hi-Power
| image              = File:FN Hi Power.jpg
| image_size         = 300
| caption            = Fabrique Nationale Browning Hi-Power Mark III
| origin             = {{plainlist|
*Belgium
*United States}}
| type               = [[Semi-automatic pistol]]
<!-- Type selection -->
| is_ranged          = yes
<!-- Service history -->
| service            = 1935–present <ref name="miller2001"/>
| used_by            = See ''[[#Users|Users]]''
| wars               = {{plainlist|
*[[World War II]]<ref name="miller2001"/>
*[[Indonesian National Revolution]]<ref name="ArmsControl">{{cite book|title=The Control of local conflict: a design study on arms control and limited war in the developing areas|volume=3|last1=Bloomfield|first1= Lincoln P.|last2=Leiss|first2=Amelia Catherine<!--|last3=Legere|first3= Laurence J.|last4= Barringer|first4= Richard E.|last5=Fisher|first5= R. Lucas|last6= Hoagland|first6= John H.|last7=Fraser|first7= Janet|last8=Ramers|first8=Robert K-->|publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for International Studies|url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA324492.pdf#page=94|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804022404/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA324492.pdf#page=94|url-status=live|archive-date=4 August 2020|date=30 June 1967|hdl=2027/uiug.30112064404368|pages=78, 89}}</ref>
*[[Chinese Civil War]]
*[[Korean War]]
*[[First Indochina War]]
*[[Algerian War]]
*[[Vietnam War]]
*[[Cambodian Civil War]]
*[[Rhodesian Bush War]]
*[[South African Border War]]
*[[Falklands War]]
*[[The Troubles]]
*[[Lebanese Civil War]]
*[[Salvadoran Civil War]]
*[[Sri Lankan civil war|Sri Lankan Civil War]]
*[[Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995)]]
*[[Yugoslav Wars]]
*[[Kivu Conflict]]
*[[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]]<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Chapter-07-EN.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020102103/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Chapter-07-EN.pdf |archive-date=2016-10-20 |chapter=Waning Cohesion: The Rise and Fall of the FDLR–FOCA|title=Small Arms Survey 2015: weapons and the world|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2015|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|ref={{harvid|Small Arms Survey 2015}}|page=201|access-date=2018-08-29|url-status=dead}}{{webarchive|format=addlarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128065841/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf |date=2018-01-28|title=&nbsp;Small Arms Survey 2015}}</ref>
*[[Libyan Crisis]]
*[[Syrian Civil War]]<ref name ="CAR 2014">{{cite book|title=Islamic State Weapons in Iraq and Syria: Analysis of weapons and ammunition captured from Islamic State forces in Iraq and Syria|url=http://conflictarm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Dispatch_IS_Iraq_Syria_Weapons.pdf|date=September 2014|author=Conflict Armament Research|author-link=Conflict Armament Research|page=10|ref={{harvid|Conflict Armament Research 2014}}|access-date=2018-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826202836/http://conflictarm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Dispatch_IS_Iraq_Syria_Weapons.pdf|archive-date=2018-08-26|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<!-- Production history -->
| designer           = {{plainlist|
*[[John Browning]]
*[[Dieudonné Saive]]}}
| manufacturer       = {{Plainlist|
* [[FN Herstal]]
* [[Browning Arms Company]]
* [[Fabricaciones Militares]]
* [[John Inglis and Company]]
}}
| design_date        = 1914–1935<ref name="miller2001"/>
| unit_cost          = 
| production_date    = 1935–present  
| number             = 1,500,000+<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fnherstal.com/index.php?id=655 |title=FN Herstal – Major Product Achievements |publisher=FN Herstal |access-date=2010-06-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927060025/http://www.fnherstal.com/index.php?id=655 |archive-date=2011-09-27 }}</ref>
| variants           = See ''[[#Variants|Variants]]''
<!-- General specifications -->
| weight             = 915 g (32 oz)<ref name="miller2001"/>
| length             = 199 mm (7.8 in)<ref name="miller2001"/>
| width              = 
| height             = 127.5 mm (5.01 in)
| part_length        = 118 mm (4.65 in)<ref name="miller2001"/>
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
| cartridge          = * [[7.65×21mm Parabellum]]
* [[9×19mm Parabellum]]<ref name="miller2001"/>
* [[.40 S&W]]
| caliber            = 
| barrels            = 
| action             = [[Recoil operation|Short recoil operated tilting barrel]]
| rate               = Semi-automatic
| velocity           = 335&nbsp;m/s(1,100&nbsp;ft/s) (''9mm'')<ref name="miller2001"/>
| range              = 50 m (54.7 yd)
| max_range          = 
| feed               = Detachable box [[magazine (firearms)|magazine]]
* 10, 13, 15 or 17 rounds (''9mm'')
* 20 or 30 rounds made by Rhodesia (''9mm'')<ref name="miller2001"/>
* 10 rounds (''.40 S&W'')
| sights             = 
}}

The '''Browning Hi-Power''' is a single-action, [[semi-automatic pistol]] available in the [[9×19mm Parabellum]] and [[.40 S&W]] calibers. It was based on a design by American firearms inventor [[John Browning]], and completed by [[Dieudonné Saive]] at [[FN Herstal]]. Browning died in 1926, several years before the design was finalized. FN Herstal named it the "High Power" in allusion to the 13-round magazine capacity, almost twice that of other designs at the time, such as the [[Walther P38]] or [[M1911 pistol|Colt M1911]].

During [[World War II]], Belgium was [[German occupation of Belgium during World War II|occupied]] by [[Nazi Germany]] and the FN factory was used by the [[Wehrmacht]] to build the pistols for their military, under the designation "9mm Pistole 640(b)".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.warhistoryonline.com/instant-articles/the-browning-high-power.html|title=Shot by both sides – The Browning High Power in WW2|first=Steve|last=MacGregor|date=7 December 2018}}</ref> FN Herstal continued to build guns for the Allied forces by moving their production line to a [[John Inglis and Company]] plant in Canada, where the name was changed to "Hi Power". The name change was kept even after production returned to Belgium. The pistol is often referred to as an '''HP''' or '''BHP''',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.browning.com/products/catalog/firearms/detail.asp?value=007B&cat_id=051&type_id=003 |title=Browning Catalog |publisher=Browning.com |access-date=2012-11-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210162010/http://www.browning.com/products/catalog/firearms/detail.asp?value=007B&cat_id=051&type_id=003 |archive-date=2012-12-10 }}</ref> and the terms '''P-35''' and '''HP-35''' are also used, based on the introduction of the pistol in 1935. Other names include '''GP''' (after the French term ''grande puissance'') or '''BAP''' (Browning Automatic Pistol). The Hi-Power is one of the most widely used military pistols in history,<ref name="arnolddw">{{cite web |url=http://www.handgunsmag.com/2010/09/24/featured_handguns_browning_hi_power/ |title=Classic Handguns of the 20th Century: The Browning HI-Power |author=Arnold, David W. |publisher=Handguns Magazine |date=2010-09-24 |access-date=2010-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229173704/http://www.handgunsmag.com/2010/09/24/featured_handguns_browning_hi_power/ |archive-date=2012-02-29 |url-status=live }}</ref> having been used by the armed forces of over 50 countries.<ref name="miller2001">Miller, David (2001). ''The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns''. Salamander Books Ltd. {{ISBN|1-84065-245-4}}.</ref> Although most pistols were built in Belgium by FN Herstal, licensed and unlicensed copies were built around the world, in countries such as Argentina, Hungary, India, Bulgaria, and Israel.

After 82 years of continuous production, FN Herstal announced that the production of the Hi-Power would end, and it was discontinued in early 2018 by Browning Arms.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2018/02/06/browning-ends-hi-power-production-1936-2017/ |title=Browning Ends Hi-Power Production - |date=6 February 2018 |access-date=2019-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130220423/https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2018/02/06/browning-ends-hi-power-production-1936-2017/ |archive-date=2019-01-30 |url-status=live }}</ref> From 2019 to 2022, with new Belgian Hi-Powers no longer being built, new clones were designed by various firearm companies to fill the void, including [[GİRSAN]], [[TİSAŞ]], and [[Springfield Armory, Inc.]] These new Hi-Power clones began competing with each other by offering new finishes, enhanced sights, redesigned hammers, bevelled magazine wells, improved trigger, and increased magazine capacity.<ref name="Tisas BR9 Vs. Browning's Hi-Power">{{Cite web|url=https://www.usconcealedcarry.com/blog/tisas-br9-vs-brownings-hi-power/|title=Tisas BR9 Vs. Browning's Hi-Power|access-date=28 July 2021|archive-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728111807/https://www.usconcealedcarry.com/blog/tisas-br9-vs-brownings-hi-power/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="SA-35 Handguns">{{cite web | url=https://www.outdoorlife.com/guns/springfield-armory-sa-35-review/ | title=Springfield Armory SA-35 Review | date=27 December 2021 }}</ref>

In 2022, FN announced they would resume production of the Browning Hi-Power. The 2022 "FN High Power" incorporated a number of entirely new features such as a fully ambidextrous slide lock, simplified takedown method, enlarged ejection port, reversible magazine release, wider slide serrations, different colored finish offerings, and 17-round magazines. In contrast to popular belief, the new FN High Power might resemble a modern Hi-Power, but it is, in fact, a different design. One of the noticeable details is the lack of Browning-style locking lugs.<ref name="Highpower">{{Cite web|url=https://fnamerica.com/highpower/|title = Highpower}}</ref>

==History==

===Development===
The Browning Hi-Power was designed in response to a French military requirement for a new service pistol, the "Grand Rendement" (French for "high efficiency"), or alternatively ''Grande Puissance'' (literally "high power"). The French military required that:
* The gun must be compact
* The magazine have a capacity of at least 10 rounds
* The gun have a magazine disconnect device, an external hammer, and [[Safety (firearms)|safety]] catch
* The gun be robust and simple to disassemble and reassemble
* The gun be capable of killing a man at {{convert|50|m|yd|abbr=on}}

This last criterion was seen to demand a [[caliber]] of {{convert|9|mm|in|abbr=on}} or larger, a bullet mass of around {{convert|8|g|gr|abbr=on}}, and a muzzle velocity of {{convert|350|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}. It was to accomplish all of this at a weight not exceeding {{convert|1|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.

FN commissioned John Browning to design a new military sidearm conforming to this specification. Browning had previously sold the rights to his successful [[M1911 pistol|M1911 U.S. Army automatic pistol]] to Colt's Patent Firearms, and was therefore forced to design an entirely new pistol while working around the M1911 patents. Browning built two different prototypes for the project in Utah and filed the patent for this pistol in the United States on 28 June 1923, granted on 22 February 1927.<ref>Gangarosa, Gene Jr. (1999). ''FN...Browning: Armorer to the World''. Stoeger Publishing, New Jersey. pp. 63–65.</ref><ref>{{US Patent|1618510}}</ref> One was a simple [[Blowback (arms)|blowback]] design, while the other was operated with a [[Semi-automatic pistol#Actions: blowback versus locked breech|locked-breech]] recoil system. Both prototypes utilised the new staggered magazine design (by designer [[Dieudonné Saive]]) to increase capacity without unduly increasing the pistol's grip size or magazine length.

The locked breech design was selected for further development and testing. This model was [[Firing pin#striker|striker-fired]], and featured a double-stack magazine that held 16 rounds. The design was refined through several trials held by the Versailles Trial Commission.

In 1928, when the patents for the Colt Model 1911 had expired, Dieudonné Saive integrated many of the Colt's previously patented features into the Saive-Browning Model of that same year. This version featured the removable barrel bushing and take down sequence of the Colt 1911.

In 1929, as an effort to find an alternative solution to the long-ongoing French trials, and with a pistol that they considered by then to be good enough to stand on its own to find other potential clients, FN decided to announce the "Grand Rendement", incorporating a shortened 13-round magazine, for sale in their commercial catalogue. They hoped to find a military contract which would in turn help them finance a production line, essentially through the same process as their previous [[FN M1900]] pistol.

By 1931, the Browning Hi-Power design incorporated the same 13-round magazine, a curved rear grip strap, and a barrel bushing that was integral to the slide assembly. The Belgian Army showed a definite interest and bought 1,000 pistols based on this prototype for field trials.

By 1934, the Hi-Power design was complete and ready to be produced. Ultimately, France decided not to adopt the pistol, instead selecting the conceptually similar but lower-capacity [[Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A|Modèle 1935 pistol]]. However, it was good enough to stand on its own as a service pistol for the Belgian Army and other clients. These would become the Grande Puissance, known as the High Power, in Belgium for military service in 1935 as the Browning P-35.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forgottenweapons.com/before-the-high-power-was-the-fn-grand-rendement/ | title=Before the High Power was the FN Grand Rendement | date=8 August 2022 }}</ref>

===Military service and widespread use===
Browning Hi-Power pistols were used during World War II by both [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] and [[Axis powers|Axis]] forces.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=33}} After occupying Belgium in 1940, German forces took over the FN plant. German troops subsequently used the Hi-Power, having assigned it the designation ''Pistole'' 640(b) ("b" for ''belgisch'', "Belgian").<ref name="arnolddw"/> Examples produced by FN in Belgium under German occupation bear German inspection and acceptance marks, or ''[[Waffenamt]]s'', such as ''WaA613''. In German service, it was used mainly by [[Waffen-SS]] and {{lang|de|[[Fallschirmjäger (Nazi Germany)|Fallschirmjäger]]}} personnel.

High-Power pistols were also produced in Canada for Allied use, by [[John Inglis and Company]] in Toronto. The plans were sent from the FN factory to the UK when it became clear the Belgian plant would fall into German hands, enabling the Inglis factory to be tooled up for Hi-Power production for Allied use. Inglis produced two versions of the Hi-Power, one with an adjustable rear sight and detachable shoulder stock (primarily for a [[Kuomintang|Nationalist Chinese]] contract) and one with a fixed rear sight. Production began in late 1944 and they were on issue by the March 1945 [[Operation Varsity]] airborne crossing of the Rhine into Germany. The pistol was popular with the British airborne forces as well as covert operations and commando groups such as the [[Special Operations Executive]] (SOE), the U.S. [[Office of Strategic Services]] (OSS), and the British [[Special Air Service]] (SAS) Regiment. 

Inglis High-Powers made for [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces have the British designation 'Mk 1' or 'Mk 1*' and the manufacturer's details on the left of the slide. They were known in British and Commonwealth service as the 'Pistol No 2 Mk 1', or 'Pistol No 2 Mk 1*' where applicable. Serial numbers were 6 characters, the second being the letter 'T', e.g. 1T2345. Serial numbers on pistols for the Chinese contract instead used the letters 'CH', but otherwise followed the same format. When the Chinese contract was cancelled, all undelivered Chinese-style pistols were accepted by the Canadian military with designations of 'Pistol No 1 Mk 1' and 'Pistol No 1 Mk 1*'.<ref name="inglis">{{cite book |title=Inglis Diamond - The Canadian High Power Pistol |last=Law |first=Clive M. |year=2001 |publisher=Collector Grade Publications |isbn=978-0889352650 }}<!--|access-date=August 6, 2012--></ref>

In the postwar period, Hi-Power production continued at the FN factory and as part of FN's product range, which included the [[FN FAL]] rifle and [[FN MAG]] general-purpose machine gun. It has been adopted as the standard service pistol by over 50 armies in 93 countries. At one time most NATO nations used it, and it was standard issue to forces throughout the British Commonwealth. It was manufactured under licence, or in some cases cloned, on several continents. Former Iraqi ruler [[Saddam Hussein]] often carried a Browning Hi-Power. Former Libyan ruler [[Muammar Gaddafi]] carried a gold-plated Hi-Power with his own face design on the left side of the grip which was waved around in the air by Libyan rebels after his death.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2011/10/20/confirmed-gaddafi-dead-new-york-yankees-baseball-fan-captured-tyrant-115875-23503068/ |title=Confirmed Gaddafi dead: New York Yankees baseball fan 'captured' tyrant - Mirror Online |publisher=Mirror.co.uk |date=2011-10-20 |access-date=2012-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121081052/http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2011/10/20/confirmed-gaddafi-dead-new-york-yankees-baseball-fan-captured-tyrant-115875-23503068/ |archive-date=2012-01-21 |url-status=live }}</ref> A Hi-Power was used by [[Mehmet Ali Agca]] during the assassination attempt of [[Pope John Paul II]] in 1981.

===Decline and resurgence===
While the Hi-Power remains an excellent and iconic design, since the early 1990s it has been eclipsed somewhat by more modern designs which are often double-action with aluminum alloy frames and are manufactured using more modern methods. However, even to this day, the Hi-Power remains in service throughout the world. As of 2017, the MK1 version remained the standard service pistol of the [[Canadian Armed Forces]], with the [[SIG Sauer P226]] being issued to specialised units along with the [[SIG Sauer P225]]. The weapon is the standard sidearm of the [[Belgian Land Component|Belgian Army]], [[Indian Army]], [[Indonesian Armed Forces]], [[Australian Defence Force]], [[Argentine Army]], [[Luxembourg Armed Forces]], [[Israel Police]], and [[Venezuelan Army]], among others. The [[Irish Army]] replaced its Browning Pistols (known popularly as BAPs, or Browning Automatic Pistols) with the [[Heckler & Koch USP]] in 2007. From 2013 the [[British Army]] is replacing the Browning with the [[polymer]]-framed [[Glock 17|Glock 17 Gen 4]] pistol, due to concerns about weight and the external safety of the pistol.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/01/11/browning_9mm_finally_replaced/ |title=British armed forces get first new pistol since World War II |work=[[The Register]] |date=2013-01-11 |access-date=2013-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117080615/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/01/11/browning_9mm_finally_replaced/ |archive-date=2013-01-17 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2018, FN announced they would end production of the Mark III Hi-Power, which was expensive to produce and had been assembled in Portugal to cut costs. Early in that year, Browning officially ceased production of the Belgian Hi-Power for the first time since 1935. An unlicensed clone called the "Regent BR9" was produced in Turkey by [[TİSAŞ]] in 2019 and had gained some popularity now that authentic Hi-Powers were no longer being made and surplus Hi-Powers from other countries like Hungary and Argentina had dried up. The Regent BR9 design was more of a copy of the Mark I design, but did offer some modern design features, like a Cerakote or stainless steel finish and Novak-style sights.<ref name="Tisas BR9 Vs. Browning's Hi-Power"/> The BR9 was soon discontinued, but, in 2021, another Turkish company called [[GİRSAN]] began producing their own Hi-Power clone called the MCP35, imported by [[European American Armory|EAA]]. In 2021, American firearms company [[Springfield Armory]] announced their own Hi-Power clone, the SA-35.<ref name="SA-35 Handguns"/> GİRSAN and Springfield Armory's clones began competing with each other by offering new design improvements that would help them compete in the oversaturated defensive handgun market. GİRSAN's MCP35 attempted to replicate the Mark III design as closely as possible, including the Belgian-style ambidextrous thumb safety, Mark III-style sights with a windage drift adjustable rear sight and dovetailed front sight, and Mark III-style black polymer grips. The MCP35 also retained the Belgian magazine disconnect safety. However, the MCP35 incorporated the original ring hammer design instead of the claw hammer design of the Mark III and also incorporated some design elements to appeal to the modern shooter, such as a 15-round Mec-Gar magazine and Cerakote finish.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eaacorp.com/product/girsan-mc-p35/|title=Girsan MCP35|date=8 November 2023 }}</ref>

[[File:FN Browning High Power (right side).png|left|thumb|FN Browning High Power M46]]
The steady competition between the MCP35 and the SA-35 to make the original Hi-Power relevant to the market stirred up a great interest among both Hi-Power fans and new shooters. On 18 January 2022, after a four-year hiatus, FN announced they would resume production of the Browning Hi-Power, albeit with a number of upgraded features.<ref name="Highpower"/> FN named the 2022 redesign the "FN High Power" and incorporated a number of features to help it compete with the improved Hi-Power clones being made by GİRSAN and Springfield Armory. FN incorporated a number of changes that would make the classic Hi-Power design more modern and ergonomic. The most significant changes included opening up the top of the slide to increase the size of the ejection port to ensure reliable feeding and ejection, incorporating an ambidextrous slide lock and reversible magazine release, a completely different takedown that is faster and simpler, and redesigning the barrel and recoil spring. Other changes FN made include removing the magazine disconnect safety, adding an extended beavertail and redesigned hammer to eliminate the issue of hammer bite, several sets of redesigned grips, new sights compatible with the [[FN 509]] dovetail pattern, wider slide serrations, different colored [[Physical vapor deposition|PVD]] or stainless steel finish offerings and 17-round magazines. The new FN High Powers will be made at FN's Columbia, South Carolina factory in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2022/01/18/fn-hi-power-reborn/|title=&#91;SHOT 2022&#93; the FN Hi-Power is Reborn -|date=18 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/content/new-for-2022-fn-high-power/|title = An Official Journal of the NRA &#124; New for 2022: FN High Power}}</ref><ref name="Highpower"/>

At SHOT show 2022, GİRSAN announced new color offerings for the MCP35, including two-tone and gold, as well as the MCP35 "Match", which incorporated a number of designs intended to cater to target shooters, such as an integrated 1913 [[Picatinny rail]] for accessories, ergonomic grips, a shorter hammer throw, beveled and flared magwell, a flat target trigger and raised target sights with a fiber optic front sight.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2022/01/19/shot-2022-2022-year-hi-power-girsan-mcp35-new-pistols-eaa/|title=&#91;SHOT 2022&#93; is 2022 the Year of the Hi-Power? Girsan MCP35 and Other new Pistols from EAA -|date=19 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2022/01/19/shot-2022-eaa-girsan-mc-p35-year-hi-power/|title = &#91;SHOT 2022&#93; the Modern Hi-Power, the EAA/Girsan MC P35 Match -|date = 19 January 2022}}</ref> 

At SHOT Show in 2024, Tennessee-based company SDS Imports announced that they were reviving the [[John Inglis and Company|John Inglis line]] of military-spec, parkerized Inglis Browning Hi-Power clones. SDS CEO Tim Mulverhill stated: "The market demand has not been met for historically accurate Hi-Powers. We’re planning for the L9A1 to influence the Hi-Power market the way the Tisas US Army did in the 1911 market".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guns.com/news/2024/01/08/inglis-reborn-to-market-period-correct-hi-powers|title = INGLIS REBORN, TO MARKET PERIOD CORRECT HI-POWERS|date = 8 January 2024}}</ref> The new Inglis Hi-Powers are available in black chromate, black Cerakote, satin [[nickel]] and color [[case-hardened]] finishes. The SDS Inglis line is essentially a more military accurate version of the now-discontinued Regent BR9, and it is a fully interchangeable Mark III design.

In August 2024, another Browning Hi-Power clone, the Centurion 14, was announced by [[Century Arms]]. The Centurion 14 is built in Turkey by Alpharms Savunma Sanayi, and imported by Century Arms.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://gundigest.com/handguns/centurion-14-review | title=First Look: Century Arms Centurion 14 | date=15 August 2024 }}</ref>

==Design==
[[File:FN Browning HP Marinir.jpg|right|thumb|A FN Browning High Power, of the [[Indonesian Marine Corps]]]]

The Browning Hi-Power has undergone continuous refinement by FN since its introduction. The pistols were originally made in two models: an "Ordinary Model" with fixed sights and an "Adjustable Rear Sight Model" with a tangent-type rear sight and a slotted grip for attaching a wooden shoulder stock. The adjustable sights are still available on commercial versions of the Hi-Power, although the shoulder stock mounts were discontinued during World War II. In 1962, the design was modified to replace the internal [[Extractor (firearms)|extractor]] with an external extractor, improving reliability.

Standard Hi-Powers are based on a [[Trigger (firearms)#Single-action|single-action]] design. Unlike modern [[double-action]] semi-automatic pistols, the Hi-Power's trigger is not connected to the hammer. If a double-action pistol is carried with the hammer down with a round in the chamber and a loaded magazine installed, the shooter may fire the pistol either by simply squeezing the trigger or by pulling the hammer back to the cocked position and then squeezing the trigger. In contrast, a single-action pistol can only be fired with the hammer in the cocked position; this is generally done when a loaded magazine is inserted and the slide cycled by hand. In common with the [[M1911 pistol|M1911]], the Hi-Power is therefore typically carried with the hammer cocked, a round in the chamber, and the safety catch on (a carry mode often called ''cocked and locked'' in the United States or ''made ready'' in the United Kingdom, or sometimes called ''[[Jeff Cooper#Firearm conditions of readiness|condition one]]'').

The Hi-Power, like many other Browning designs, operates on the [[recoil operation|short-recoil]] principle, where the barrel and slide initially recoil together until the barrel is unlocked from the slide by a cam arrangement. Unlike Browning's earlier Colt M1911 pistol, the barrel is not moved vertically by a toggling link, but instead by a hardened bar which crosses the frame under the barrel and contacts a slot under the chamber at the rearmost part of the barrel. The barrel and slide recoil together for a short distance, but as the slot engages the bar, the chamber and the rear of the barrel are drawn downward and stopped. The downward movement of the barrel disengages it from the slide, which continues rearward, extracting the spent case from the chamber and ejecting it while also re-cocking the hammer. After the slide reaches the limit of its travel, the recoil spring brings it forward again, stripping a new round from the magazine and pushing it into the chamber. This also pushes the chamber and barrel forward. The cam slot and bar move the chamber upward and the locking lugs on the barrel re-engage those in the slide.

===Design flaws===
The pistol has a tendency to "[[Hammer bite|bite]]" the web of the shooter's hand, between the thumb and forefinger. This bite is caused by pressure from the hammer spur, or alternatively by pinching between the hammer shank and grip tang. This problem can be fixed by altering or replacing the hammer, or by learning to hold the pistol to avoid injury. While a common complaint with the commercial models with spur hammers similar to that of the Colt "Government Model" automatic, it is seldom a problem with the military models, which have a smaller, rounded "burr" hammer, more like that of the Colt "Commander" compact version of the 1911. Another flaw is that the original small safety is very hard to release and re-engage. This is because when cocked, the shaft the safety turns on is under hammer spring pressure. Later versions went to a larger safety to address this issue.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.shootingillustrated.com/articles/2013/3/20/whats-wrong-with-the-hi-power/|title=What's Wrong With the Hi Power?|magazine=Shooting Illustrated|date=March 20, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cylinder-slide.com/bhptoday.shtml|title=The Browning HI-POWER Today|magazine=Guns magazine|date=February 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/10/24/a-look-back-at-the-browning-high-power-pistol/|title=A Look Back at the Browning High Power Pistol|publisher=www.americanrifleman.org|date=October 24, 2017}}</ref>

[[File:Swedish Volunteer Corps weapons.JPG|thumb|Hi-Power artillery version with its adjustable tangent rear-sight and shoulder-stock in the upper right-hand corner]]

==Variants==
<!--This section is linked from [[Equipment of the Finnish Army]]-->

===Belgium===
The original '''P35''', as noted earlier, featured an internal extractor. During World War II, it was manufactured by Inglis of Canada for Allied use, and by FN in occupied Belgium for German use. The P35s made under Nazi occupation were designated as the Pistole 640b. Most Canadian P35s were manufactured with a Parkerized finish, while most P35s manufactured in occupied Belgium had a blued finish. 

Following the end of the World War II, the Hi Power went through several iterations in an effort to standardize and streamline the manufacturing process.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=19}} The most significant of which was released in 1962, when the internal extractor was replaced with a more durable and reliable external design, alongside other modifications, including a 2-piece barrel, nylon grips, and modifications to the locking system for simplification of manufacturing and improved durability. Later barrels and frames are not interchangeable with earlier ones.

Working on these changes, FN manufactured a new standard Hi Power from 1963 to 1969. These are retroactively referred to as the '''T-Series''', from the letter T serial number prefix found on pistols of this era. This design standard continued into the similarly named '''C-Series''', produced from 1969 to 1975.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Vanderlinden|first1=Anthony |date= 2013 |title= FN Browning Pistols, Side Arms that Shaped the World History: Expanded Second Edition |location=Greensboro|publisher=Wet Dog Publications | pages=350 |isbn=0970799799 }}
</ref>

Further iteration happened in the early 1970s. The Hi Power model of 1972 features several new modifications, including a spurred hammer to replace the previous ring design, a new electrolyte bluing process in lieu of the older rust and salt bluing techniques, and the provision for a rear adjustable target sight with raised front sight.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Vanderlinden|first1=Anthony |date= 2013 |title= FN Browning Pistols, Side Arms that Shaped the World History: Expanded Second Edition |location=Greensboro|publisher=Wet Dog Publications | pages=350 |isbn=0970799799 }}</ref>
Available simultaneously with the adjustable sight model were two ‘standard’ versions; 

* The '''Vigilante''' featuring traditional fixed sights, 

* The '''Captain''', equipped with a rear tangent sight.

The early 1970s is also when Hi Power first became available in the [[7.65×21mm Parabellum]] caliber. Released for markets such as France and Germany, where the civilian use of military calibers was restricted.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Vanderlinden|first1=Anthony |date= 2013 |title= FN Browning Pistols, Side Arms that Shaped the World History: Expanded Second Edition |location=Greensboro|publisher=Wet Dog Publications | pages=351 |isbn=0970799799 }}</ref>

In 1973, due to rising labor costs in Belgium, production of the Hi Power was partially moved to [[Viana do Castelo, Portugal]]. FN would still continue to produce parts in Belgium, but finishing and assembly would henceforth be completed in Viana do Castelo.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=22}}

The '''Mark II''', released in 1982, was the next significant iteration of the Hi Power series of pistols. Designed in response to some of the long enduring criticisms of the Hi Power design,{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=23}} the Mark II features several upgrades, including ambidextrous thumb safety, 3-dot low profile sights, and a throated barrel. The Mark II can be easily recognized by the rib atop the slide, as well as the water drain hole below the muzzle. 

'''The Mark III''' was another advancement over the Mark II released in 1989,{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=24}} which featured a firing pin safety, adjustable front and rear iron sights, and a black epoxy finish. The Mark III is the first Hi Power variant available in [[.40 S&W]]. Early variants of the Mark III featured forged frames, as was the standard for all Hi Powers, while later Mark III’s switched to a cast frame. This change was prompted by reports of failure in pistols chambered for the then new .40 S&W cartridge. Cast frames were used on all Hi Power variants from the early 1990s to their discontinuation in 2018.

Several variants of the Mark III were released, including:

* The '''Standard''' is the name given to the Mark III variant with walnut grips, gloss finish, and choice of sights. A Standard is a Mark III model, but a Mark III is not necessarily a Standard.
* The '''Silver Chrome''' featured a silver-chrome frame and slide, and Pachmayr rubber grips. The magazines for the silver chrome BHP had a dull finish and a black rubber Pachmayr basepad.
* The '''Captain''' is a Mark III variant that features adjustable tangent rear sights, a "ring hammer" like the early model HP35, checkered walnut grips, and a blued finish. It was reintroduced in 1993.<ref>Michalowski, Kevin (ed.) ''The Gun Digest Book of Guns for Personal Defense: Arms & Accessories for Self-Defense'' ''Handguns - Browning'', p. 48. KP Books: Iola, Wisconsin (2004)</ref>
* The '''Practical''' is a Mark III variant featuring a slide finished in black polymer with a contrasting silver-chrome frame. In addition, this model has wraparound Pachmayr rubber grips and a "ring hammer". The Practical has fixed or adjustable sights, and is available in either 9×19mm Parabellum or .40 S&W. Magazines for all Practical models sport Pachmayr base pads; magazines feature a cartridge capacity of 13 rounds in 9×19mm Parabellum and a cartridge capacity of 10 rounds in .40 S&W.<ref name="myaflb1">{{cite web|url=http://www.myaflb.com.ar/ |title=Fabrica Militar Fray Luis Beltrán (FMFLB) |publisher=Myaflb.com.ar |access-date=2008-09-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907224941/http://www.myaflb.com.ar/ |archive-date=2008-09-07 }}</ref>
* The '''HP-SFS''' (Safe-Fast-Shooting) is the latest Hi-Power Mark III variant with a modified firing mechanism. After the weapon is loaded, the hammer is pushed forward, which automatically activates the safety catch. When the shooter is prepared to fire, the safety is pressed down with the thumb, releasing the hammer to spring backwards into the usual, single-action position. A similar system is available for modifying Colt M1911A1s. Magazines are interchangeable with the Mark III and others.

The '''[[FN HP-DA|BDA and BDAO]]''' models were first produced in the 1980s by FN. The BDA model is double-action, and the BDAO model is "double-action only", both versions differing from the usual single-action operation of the P35. These designs have also been marketed as the '''FN HP-DA''' and '''Browning BDA'''. The DA and DAO models retain many features of the P35, and both are available in full-sized and compact versions. The performance of these models is consistent with FN's high standards. These models resemble the P35, but the most distinguishing feature is the extended SIG Sauer-style trigger guard. Many parts are interchangeable with the P35, but the magazines (although similar) are not. The compact versions also utilise shorter magazines.<ref name="myaflb1"/> 

Both the DA/DAO models and the BDM model borrow features from the '''[[SIG P220]]''' pistols, marketed under the name Browning Double Action (BDA) in 1977.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.guns.com/news/2021/02/02/browning-bda-the-og-sig-sauer-p220 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202180228/https://www.guns.com/news/2021/02/02/browning-bda-the-og-sig-sauer-p220 | archive-date=2 February 2021 | title=Browning BDA: The OG Sig Sauer P220 }}</ref>

The [[Beretta Cheetah]] has also been marketed by Browning under the name BDA 380.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://special-ops.org/browning-bda-380-auto-pistol | title=Browning BDA .380 Auto Pistol | date=17 April 2020 }}</ref>

===Canada===
The '''Pistol, Browning FN 9mm, HP No. 2 MK.1/1 Canadian Lightweight Pattern''' was a series of experimental aluminum/aluminum alloy framed Browning Hi-Power pistols by the Canadian [[John Inglis and Company|Inglis Company]] that reduced the weight by as much as 25% from {{convert|8.5|to|25.5|oz|g|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |last1=F |first1=Nathaniel |title=The Hi Power of the Future (in 1948): Canada's Lightweight Aluminum-Framed Browning - |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2016/12/19/hi-power-future-1948-canadas-lightweight-aluminum-framed-browning/ |website=The Firearm Blog |access-date=17 December 2018 |date=19 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062739/https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2016/12/19/hi-power-future-1948-canadas-lightweight-aluminum-framed-browning/ |archive-date=17 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Two scalloped cuts were made on both sides of the steel slide as well as in front of the rear sight. The reception to this was positive and so six prototype frames were machined from solid aluminum and two were sent to each of the Canadian, American, and British governments for testing. The Canadian and British governments concluded that sand and dirt caught between the steel slide and aluminum frame substantially increased wear. The steel locking block also wore the holes in its aluminum frame. 

[[File:Canadian HP experimental 1948 2.jpg|right|thumb|An experimental lightweight Inglis Hi-Power. Note the [[Fuller (groove)|lightening cuts]] on the slide.]]

After testing, Inglis cast 29 frames, assembled 21 pistols, and tested them, which were met with various problems. The lightweight program ended in Canada in 1951. In 1952, a US Major General Kessels requested one and took it with him in the Korean War.<ref name="FW">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/HNBNKqz9bko Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20170503192646/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNBNKqz9bko&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web |last1=McCollum |first1=Ian |title=Experimental Lightweight Browning High Power |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNBNKqz9bko |website=Youtube |date=3 May 2017 |publisher=Forgotten Weapons |access-date=17 December 2018}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

The '''Mark I Lightweight''' is a very rare variant of the Mark I made with a lightweight alloy frame originally intended for [[Paratrooper|paratroop]] use. According to [[Massad Ayoob]], these were introduced commercially in the 1950s but never caught on. The Lightweights are marked only with Fabrique Nationale's rollmarks, not Browning's.

Hi-Powers made with a rear sight instead of a tangent sight with known as '''No. 2''' while those with a tangent sight are known as '''No. 1'''{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=36}}

===UK===
The '''L9A1''' was the British designation for the military version of the Hi-Power and is marked 'Pistol Automatic L9A1' on the left side of the slide.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=47}} It started to replace Inglis variants in British service from the late 1960s, and the two types remained in service together until the Inglis variants were finally retired in the late 1980s. The L9A1 was upgraded with the more ergonomic Mk2 ambidextrous safety and grips. 

The L9A1 was also widely used by other Commonwealth armed forces.{{sfnp|Stevens|1996|p=202}} The Hi-Power was the pistol issued to all British Armed Forces throughout the [[Cold War]] era and up to Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jan/11/british-forces-afghanistan-glock-pistols | title=British forces to be equipped with Glock pistols for protection in Afghanistan | newspaper=The Guardian | date=11 January 2013 | last1=Norton-Taylor | first1=Richard }}</ref> 

It was phased out in 2013 and replaced with the [[Glock|Glock 17]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-20978842 |title=Glock 17 9mm pistols replace Browning for UK forces |work=BBC News |date=2013-01-11 |access-date=2013-01-11 |last1=Wyatt |first1=Caroline |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111084435/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-20978842 |archive-date=2013-01-11 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===USA===
{{main|Browning BDM}}

On 18 January 2022, [[FN America]] re-introduced a new model of Hi-Power called the '''FN High Power'''. The new pistol features a 17+1 magazine capacity and various ergonomic changes to improve user handling.<ref name="Highpower"/>

===Argentina===
[[Fabricaciones Militares|FM]] manufactures the Hi-Power under license from 1968.<ref name="CF">{{cite web | url=http://www.cruffler.com/review-February-01.html | title=Firearm Review, February 2001 }}</ref> The license expired in 1989.

FM made a machine pistol of the FM Hi-Power known as the '''PB a Rafaga''', which was used by Argentine special forces in anti-Montoneros opearations.{{sfnp|Stevens|1996|p=269}} The fire selector (semi or full auto) is on the right side, located above the trigger.{{sfnp|Stevens|1996|p=270}} They either use 13 or 20-round magazines.{{sfnp|Stevens|1996|p=269}}

One Rafaga was made to fire 7.63x21mm Mannlicher.{{sfnp|Stevens|1996|p=271}}

===India===
{{main|Pistol Auto 9mm 1A}}

===Nigeria===
Hi-Powers were made by DICON under license.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=71}}

===Indonesia===
[[Pindad]] made a licensed version of the High-Power known as the '''P1'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.guns.com/news/2024/01/29/license-made-fnc-bm-59-and-pm12-headed-to-us-from-pindad-of-indonesia | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406200813/https://www.guns.com/news/2024/01/29/license-made-fnc-bm-59-and-pm12-headed-to-us-from-pindad-of-indonesia | archive-date=6 April 2024 | title=License-Made FNC, BM-59, and PM12 Headed to U.S. From Pindad of Indonesia | access-date=19 September 2024 | url-status=live }}</ref> Production reportedly started in the 1960s.{{sfnp|Stevens|1996|p=264}}

==Clones==

* {{flag|Argentina}}:
** The '''Rosario''', '''FM90''', and '''FM95''' models are manufactured by [[Fabricaciones Militares|FM]].<ref name="CF"/> The Rosario is an almost exact copy of the Mark II intended for Argentine and Latin American sales. The FM90 was an export model based on the Mark II, but with a "Colt style" slide without the characteristic bevelled front end, first made in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.firearmstalk.com/The-FM-Argentine-Hi-Power.html |title=The FM Argentine Hi Power |access-date=2017-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628124602/http://www.firearmstalk.com/The-FM-Argentine-Hi-Power.html |archive-date=2017-06-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rubberized pistol grips (similar to the Pachmayr grips used for P35s) with finger grooves were used in place of the traditional slab side wood grips. The FM95 was the current export model (until 2002) based on the Mark III, also with the "Colt style" slide. The last models, until 2010, are the M02 AR (modernised version of the M95, with a new single-action system by Fabrique nationale) and the M03 AR (not dated 2003, as it would seem, actually a .40 S&W version of M02 AR) with their Detective versions.<ref name="myaflb1"/>
** The '''Detective''' is a short-slide HP produced by FM.<ref name="CF"/> The Detective slide group was also available without the frame, and is interchangeable with other FM and FN Hi-Power P35s. The pistol and slide group have not been available for North American sales since the late 2000s, but can be found in resale outlets.
* {{flag|Bulgaria}}: The '''Arcus 94''' is a single-action semi-automatic pistol manufactured by Arcus as an unlicensed clone.<ref name="ArcusMF">{{cite web | url=http://modernfirearms.net/en/handguns/handguns-en/bulgaria-semi-automatic-pistols/arcus-94-i-98da-eng/ | title=Arcus 94 and 98DA | date=22 October 2010 }}</ref> There is a compact version, the '''Arcus 94C'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.armoury-online.ru/articles/pistols/bulgaria/Arcus94/ | title=Arcus 94 / Arcus 94C пистолет - характеристики, фото, ттх }}</ref> It has been succeeded in production by the double-action '''Arcus 98DA'''.<ref name="ArcusMF"/>
[[File:Ajacklee4%27s_Arcus_94.jpeg|right|thumb|A [[Century International Arms]]-imported Arcus 94]]
* {{flag|China}}: Unlicensed copies are marketed by Norinco.<ref name="smallarms2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2007/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2007-Chapter-01-O-EN.pdf |title=Multiplying the Sources |website=www.smallarmssurvey.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614100530/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2007/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2007-Chapter-01-O-EN.pdf |archive-date=June 14, 2011}}</ref>
** [[NP-18]], based on the P9R.
* {{flag|Germany}}: '''Mauser 80SA''' and the '''Mauser 90DA''' are German clones,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/Maus80.htm | title=Mauser M80 SA - Hungarian Weapons FEG Pistols }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://modernfirearms.net/en/handguns/handguns-en/hungary-semi-automatic-pistols/feg-p9r-eng/ | title=Feg P9R | date=22 October 2010 }}</ref> based on [[Fegyver- és Gépgyár]] parts.<ref name="Clone">{{cite web | url=https://buildingelements.com/these-15-pistols-copied-the-browning-hi-power/ | title=These 15 Pistols Copied the Browning Hi-Power | date=18 June 2024 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Hungary}}: FEG-made clones consist of the following:
** '''PJK-9HP''' or '''P9M'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegPJK.htm | title=FEG PJK-9HP - Hungarian Weapons FegArmy Pistols }}</ref>
** '''MBK-9HP9'''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://john1911.com/feg-hi-power-clone/ | title=FEG Hi-Power Copy | date=31 January 2017 }}</ref>
** '''FP9'''<ref name="BBC">{{cite web | url=https://www.breachbangclear.com/feg-9mm-fp9-hi-power-python/ | title=FEG FP-9 - the 9mm Hi-Power Python | date=26 July 2017 }}</ref>
*** '''P9L'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegP9L.htm | title=Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy FEG P9L Pistols }}</ref>
** '''P9R'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegP9R.htm | title=FEG P9R - Hungarian Weapons FegArmy Pistols }}</ref>
*** '''P9RK'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegP9RK.htm | title=FEG P9RK - Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy Pistols }}</ref>
*** '''AC'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegAC.htm | title=Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy FEG AC Pistols }}</ref>
*** '''ACK'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegACK.htm | title=FEG ACK - Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy Pistols }}</ref>
*** '''GKK'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegGKK.htm | title=FEG GKK - Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy Pistols }}</ref>
** '''[[P9RC]]'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegP9RC.htm | title=FEG P9RC - Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy FEG Pistols }}</ref>
** '''B9R'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hungariae.com/FegB9R.htm | title=Hungarian Weapons - FegArmy FEG B9R Pistols }}</ref>
* {{flag|Israel}}: The '''Kareen''' was made by KSN Industries.<ref name="ApexKareen">{{cite web | url=http://apexgunsmithing.com/the-curious-case-of-the-kareen/ | title=The Curious Case of the Kareen – Apex Gunsmithing }}</ref> 
** '''Mark I''' variant is made with FEG parts, based on the Hi-Power.<ref name="ApexKareen"/>
[[File:Pistole IMG 1740.JPG|right|thumb|Kareen Mark I]]
** '''Mark II''' variant made with larger, squared trigger and ambidextrous thumb safeties.<ref name="ApexKareen"/>
** '''Mark III''' variant made with hogue pistol grips, dovetailed front sight and parkerized slide with serration cuts.<ref name="ApexKareen"/>
* {{flag|Philippines}}: Unlicensed clones made in various workshops.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pavlovich |first=Steven |title=GUNS ON OUR DOORSTEP - Illicit Firearm Markets of South East Asia Australian Police Journal March 2015 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328963582_GUNS_ON_OUR_DOORSTEP_-_Illicit_Firearm_Markets_of_South_East_Asia_Australian_Police_Journal_March_2015 |website=www.researchgate.net}}</ref>
* {{flag|Turkey}}:
** TİSAŞ made the '''ZIG 14'''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.all4shooters.com/en/shooting/pistols/zig-14-the-hp-35-reborn-in-turkey/ | title=ZIG 14, the HP 35 reborn in Turkey | date=6 October 2019 }}</ref> and the '''Regent BR9'''.
** GİRSAN made the '''MCP35'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://blog.cheaperthandirt.com/girsan-mc-35-pi-9mm-worthy-of-the-hi-power-name/ | title=Girsan MC 35 PI 9mm: Worthy of the Hi-Power Name? | date=17 June 2024 }}</ref>
** Alpharms Savunma Sanayi made the '''Centurion 14'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.shootingnewsweekly.com/gun-review/gun-review-century-arms-centurion-14-hi-power-clone/ | title=Gun Review: Century Arms Centurion 14 Hi-Power Clone | date=2 September 2024 }}</ref>
** Özerbaş Makina manufactures the Inglis '''L9A1''', '''P-35''' and '''GP-35''' for SDS Imports.
* {{flag|United States}}:
** [[Charles Daly firearms]] marketed the '''Charles Daly HP'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://gundigest.com/gun-collecting/eulogy-to-the-hi-power | title=Browning Hi Power: Eulogy and Final Farewell | date=17 September 2018 }}</ref> The first HPs were shipped by CD in 2003.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.charlesdaly.com/HTML/news_events/WhatsNew.asp | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031121152231/http://www.charlesdaly.com/HTML/news_events/WhatsNew.asp | archive-date=21 November 2003 | title=PrimeFaces Rain - Login | access-date=19 September 2024 | url-status=live }}</ref>
** On 25 October 2021, [[Springfield Armory, Inc.|Springfield Armory]] launched a reproduction of the Hi-Power called the '''SA-35'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thearmorylife.com/sa-35-review-dissecting-springfields-new-pistol/ | title=SA-35 Review: Dissecting Springfield's New Pistol | date=24 February 2022 }}</ref> It has the features of the original Hi-Power, but has a capacity of 15 rounds while the pistol can handle +P 9&nbsp;mm Luger loads.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/content/springfield-armory-sa-35-high-power-classic-modern-american/ | title=Springfield Armory SA-35 High Power: Classic, Modern, American|first1=Justin|last1=Dyal|date=25 October 2021|website=American Rifleman|publisher=National Rifle Association}}</ref>

==Users==
[[File:Browning Hi-Power Users.png|thumb|A map with Browning Hi-Power users in blue]]<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.-->
[[File:High power Inglis (6971784217).jpg|thumb|Canadian Inglis-made Pistol No 2 Mk 1* Browning Hi-Power]]
[[File:Hi-Power.jpg|thumb|Browning Hi-Power made in 1961]]
[[File:BrowningRosarina.JPG|thumb|A worn Browning Hi-Power, made in Argentina in the mid-1970s]]
[[File:Canadian Forces Browning Hi-Power.jpg|thumb|Canadian soldiers inspect a Hi-Power pistol during a training exercise in April 2009.]]
[[File:Uruguayan Marine.JPG|thumb|right|A Uruguayan marine armed with a Canadian made Hi-Power during a training exercise in April 2009]]
[[File:Flickr - ~Steve Z~ - 1971 Browning Hi Power 10.jpg|thumb|A 1971 Browning Hi-Power 10]]

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* {{flag|Argentina}}: Made under license and used by the [[Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic|military]] and police. The [[Argentine Army|army]] use the M95 and M02AR.<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="valpolini2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.armadainternational.com/09-6/article-full_09_6_Combat_Pistols.pdf |title=There are Two Types of Men in this World... |author=Valpolini, Paolo |date=June 2009 |publisher=Armada International (Online) |access-date=2010-02-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313041809/http://armadainternational.com/09-6/article-full_09_6_combat_pistols.pdf |archive-date=March 13, 2016 }}</ref><ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-2869-5}}.</ref>
* {{flag|Bahrain}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Bangladesh}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Barbados}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Belize}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Bermuda}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Bolivia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Botswana}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Brunei}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Burundi}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Cambodia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Chad}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Chile}}<ref name="gander1995">Gander, Terry J.; Hogg, Ian V. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 1995/1996''. Jane's Information Group; 21 edition (May 1995). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-1241-0}}.</ref>
* {{flag|Colombia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Cuba}}<ref name="jones2009" />
* {{flag|Cyprus}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Democratic Republic of Congo}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Denmark}}<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="jones2009"/> - designated m/46<ref name="Wiener 1987">{{cite book|title=The armies of the NATO nations: Organization, concept of war, weapons and equipment|series=Truppendienst Handbooks Volume 3|year= 1987|first=Friedrich |last=Wiener |page=425|publisher=Herold Publishers|location=Vienna}}</ref>
* {{flag|Dominican Republic}}<ref name="gander1995"/>
* {{flag|Ecuador}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|El Salvador}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Estonia}}<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="netherlands1991">{{cite book|last=Ministry of Defence|first=Royal Netherlands Army|title=Handboek voor de Soldaat 1991 (Soldier's Handbook)|publisher=Ministry of Defence|year=1991|edition=VS 2-1350|pages=22–1}}</ref>
* {{flag|Ghana}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Greece}}: Used pistols made by the John Inglis Co. of Ontario, Canada.<ref name="arnolddw"/>
* {{flag|Guatemala}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Honduras}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Hungary}}: Identical copy was produced.<ref name="bishop1998">Bishop, Chris (1998). ''Guns in Combat''. Chartwell Books, Inc. {{ISBN|0-7858-0844-2}}.</ref>
* {{flag|India}}: Produced locally as [[Pistol Auto 9mm 1A]] by Indian Ordnance Factory/Ishapore Arms using stamping dies from the former John Inglis manufacturing facility in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<ref name="valpolini2009"/><ref name="jones2009"/><ref name="smallarms2007"/>
* {{flag|Indonesia}}: General-issue sidearm for [[Indonesian Armed Forces]], especially by ''[[Kopaska|Komando Pasukan Katak]]'' (Kopaska) naval tactical diver group and ''[[Kopassus|Komando Pasukan Khusus]]'' (Kopassus) army special forces group.<ref name="idnvojnik">{{cite web|url=http://www.hrvatski-vojnik.hr/hrvatski-vojnik/1612007/ind.asp |title=Kopassus & Kopaska – Specijalne Postrojbe Republike Indonezije |language=hr |publisher=Hrvatski Vojnik Magazine |access-date=2010-06-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822145526/http://www.hrvatski-vojnik.hr/hrvatski-vojnik/1612007/ind.asp |archive-date=2010-08-22 }}</ref> Made under license by [[Pindad]] as the P1 from 1984, which is no longer manufactured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revistaarmas.com/1580/un-repaso-a-las-armas-ligeras-de-pindad.html |title=Un repaso a las armas ligeras de Pindad |access-date=2010-07-05 |language=es |publisher=ARMAS |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402233705/http://www.revistaarmas.com/1580/un-repaso-a-las-armas-ligeras-de-pindad.html |archive-date=2013-04-02 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Iran}}: Used by [[Iranian Navy]] special forces.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}
* {{flag|Iraq}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Jamaica}}: Issued to officers of the [[Jamaica Defence Force]].<ref>{{cite web |author=ncoicinnet |url=http://www.jdfmil.org/equipment/weapons/weapons_home.php |title=Web Site of the Jamaica Defence Force |publisher=Jdfmil.org |access-date=2012-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419163253/http://www.jdfmil.org/equipment/weapons/weapons_home.php |archive-date=2012-04-19 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
* {{flag|Jordan}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Kenya}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Kuwait}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Lebanon}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Liberia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Libya}}<ref name ='SAS 26'>{{cite book|title=Web Trafficking: Analysing the Online Trade of Small Arms and Light Weapons in Libya|first1=N.R.|last1=Jenzen-Jones|first2=Ian|last2=McCollum|date=April 2017|series=Working Paper No. 26|editor=Small Arms Survey|editor-link=Small Arms Survey|pages=48, 53, 57|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/F-Working-papers/SAS-SANA-WP26-Libya-web-trafficking.pdf|access-date=2018-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009093426/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/F-Working-papers/SAS-SANA-WP26-Libya-web-trafficking.pdf|archive-date=2018-10-09|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Lithuania}}<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Malawi}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|Malaysia}}: General-issue sidearm for senior-rank officers and special forces of the [[Malaysian Armed Forces|military]] and [[Royal Malaysia Police|police]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/malaysian-special-forces |title=Malaysian Special Forces |author=Thompson, Leroy |date=December 2008 |publisher=Special Weapons |access-date=2009-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402013858/http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/malaysian-special-forces/ |archive-date=2012-04-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{flag|Mozambique}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Myanmar}}: Known in Tatmadaw service as the ''MA-5 MK-I''.<ref name="thefirearmblog.com">{{cite web| url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2018/07/20/ma5-the-burmese-tatmadaws-production-glock| title=MA5 MK II: The Burmese Tatmadaw's Production Glock Handgun -| date=2018-07-20| access-date=2018-08-03| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803163651/https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2018/07/20/ma5-the-burmese-tatmadaws-production-glock| archive-date=2018-08-03| url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="jones2009"/><ref>https://cat-uxo.com/explosive-hazards/salw/ma-5-mk-1-pistol</ref>
*{{flag|Namibia}}: Used by Namibian Police Force (NAMPOL)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.omulunga.com/site/index.php/all-articles/220-struggle-kids-break-colleague-out-of-police-station|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904094348/http://www.omulunga.com/site/index.php/all-articles/220-struggle-kids-break-colleague-out-of-police-station|url-status=dead|title=Struggle Kids' break colleague out of Police Station|archive-date=4 September 2015}}</ref>
*{{flag|North Korea}}: Canadian-made examples known to be used by North Korean special forces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/gallery/view.html?b_bbs_id=10044&pn=1&num=177361 |title=유용원의 군사세계 |access-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524023732/http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/gallery/view.html?b_bbs_id=10044&pn=1&num=177361 |archive-date=2015-05-24 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flag|Nepal}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Netherlands}}<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="jones2009"/><ref name="netherlands1991"/>
*{{flag|Nigeria}}: Produced under license by the [[Defence Industries Corporation of Nigeria]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Okoroafor |first=Cynthia |url=http://venturesafrica.com/you-probably-didnt-know-that-nigeria-already-manufactures-these-weapons/ |title=You probably didn't know that Nigeria already manufactures these weapons |work=Ventures Africa |publisher=Ventures |date=2015-08-27 |access-date=2017-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202002910/http://venturesafrica.com/you-probably-didnt-know-that-nigeria-already-manufactures-these-weapons/ |archive-date=2017-02-02 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Oman}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Pakistan}}: Used by [[Special Service Group Navy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Amphibious-and-Special-Forces/Special-Forces-Maritime-Pakistan.html|title=Special Forces (Maritime) (Pakistan), Amphibious and special forces|access-date=2013-02-24|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130411044123/http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Amphibious-and-Special-Forces/Special-Forces-Maritime-Pakistan.html|archive-date=2013-04-11|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Panama}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: Supplied by Australia.<ref name="jones2009"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iansa.org/regions/asiapacific/documents/SASPNGBackgroundPaper.doc |title=Gun Violence, Crime and Politics in the Southern Highlands |website=www.iansa.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215132419/http://www.iansa.org/regions/asiapacific/documents/SASPNGBackgroundPaper.doc |archive-date=December 15, 2010}}</ref>
*{{flag|Paraguay}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Peru}}<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Philippines}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Rhodesia}}<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref>{{cite book|page=21|title=Rhodesian Light Infantryman: 1961-1980|author=Neil Grant|year=2015|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1472809629}}</ref>
*{{flag|Romania}}<ref name="arnolddw"/>
*{{flag|Rwanda}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|South Africa}}: Used by the [[South African Special Forces Brigade]]{{citation needed|date=September 2018}}
*{{flag|Sri Lanka}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Sudan}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Suriname}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Syria}}<ref name="stevens1990">Stevens, R. Blake ''The Browning High Power Automatic Pistol''. Collector Grade Publications (1990). {{ISBN|978-0-88935-089-2}}.</ref>
*{{flag|Tanzania}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Thailand}}: Used by the [[Royal Thai Air Force]].<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Togo}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Tunisia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Turkey}}: Used by [[General Directorate of Security (Turkey)|General Directorate of Security]]
*{{flag|Uganda}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Venezuela}}<ref name="valpolini2009"/><ref name="jones2009"/>
*{{flag|Zimbabwe}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
}}

===Former===

* {{flag|Australia}}: Mark III is the general-issue pistol for the [[Australian Defence Force]],<ref name="valpolini2009"/><ref name="jones2009"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.army.gov.au/Our-work/Equipment-and-clothing/Small-Arms/SLP |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227120754/http://www.army.gov.au/Our-work/Equipment-and-clothing/Small-Arms/SLP |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-02-27 |title=Self-Loading Pistol 9 millimetre Mark 3 |website=Australian Army}}</ref> to be replaced with the [[SIG Sauer P320]].<ref>{{cite press release |title=ADF signs up for next generation of weapons |url=https://news.defence.gov.au/media/media-releases/adf-signs-next-generation-weapons |website=Defence News |publisher=Department of Defence |access-date=5 October 2022 |date=30 September 2022}}</ref> First orders made in 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2023/07/24/australian-defence-force-orders-first-sig-p320s/ | title=Australian Defence Force Orders First SIG P320s | date=24 July 2023 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Austria}}: Used by the [[Austrian Armed Forces]] and the [[Gendarmerie (Austria)|Gendarmerie]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hufnagl |first1=Wolfdieter |title=Jagdkommando: Sondereinheiten des österreichenischen Bundesheeres |last2=Benz |first2=Martin |date=2001 |publisher=Motorbuch-Verl |isbn=978-3-613-02079-5 |edition=2. Aufl |location=Stuttgart}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Urrisk |first=Rolf M. |title=Die Bewaffnung des österreichischen Bundesheeres, 1918-1990 |date=1990 |publisher=H. Weishaupt Verlag |isbn=978-3-900310-53-0 |edition=1. Aufl |location=Graz}}</ref> Used the Glock 17 by 1982.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/glock-17-hasnt-been-adopted-worlds-armed-forces-1-reason-97257 | title=The Glock 17 Hasn't Been Adopted by the World's Armed Forces for 1 Reason | date=18 November 2019 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Belgium}}: Adopted by the [[Belgian Army]] in 1935.<ref name="valpolini2009"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mil.be/armycomp/subject/index.asp?LAN=nl&FILE=&ID=1680&MENU=2182&PAGE=1 |title=Landcomponent Onderwerp Bewapening GP 9 mm |publisher=Mil.be |access-date=2012-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307124645/http://www.mil.be/armycomp/subject/index.asp?LAN=nl&FILE=&ID=1680&MENU=2182&PAGE=1 |archive-date=2012-03-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> Belgian Army replaced the Hi-Power with the [[FN Five-seveN|FN Five-seven]].
* {{flag|Canada}}: [[Canadian Forces]] used pistols made by the John Inglis Co. of Ontario, Canada as their former primary service pistol.<ref name="arnolddw"/><ref name="valpolini2009"/><ref name="jones2009"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/land-terre/equipment-equipement/item-eng.asp?product=97 |access-date=2009-06-27 |publisher=[[Canadian Forces]] |title=Browning 9mm Pistol |date=2009-05-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802012845/http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/land-terre/equipment-equipement/item-eng.asp?product=97 |archive-date=2009-08-02 }}</ref> The Hi-Power was fully replaced by the [[SIG Sauer P320]] (C22) in March 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pugliese |first=David |date=24 April 2024 |title=Canadian military to destroy 11,000 Second World War-era pistols |url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/canadian-military-to-destroy-11000-second-world-war-era-pistols |access-date=14 September 2024 |website=Ottawa Citizen}}</ref> Originally slated to be destroyed, the remaining stock in reserve is to be donated to Ukraine with some pistols retained for military museums.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Pugliese |first=David |date=13 September 2024 |title=Canadian military Second World War pistols slated for destruction will instead be sent to Ukraine |url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/canadian-military-second-world-war-pistols-slated-for-destruction-will-instead-be-sent-to-ukraine |access-date=14 September 2024 |website=Ottawa Citizen}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Republic of China (1912-1949)}}: Used pistols made by the John Inglis Co. of Ontario, Canada.<ref name="arnolddw"/> At least one locally made copy derived from a pre-WWII Belgian production.<ref>{{cite book|last=McCollum|first=Ian|author-link=Forgotten Weapons|title=Pistols of the Warlords: Chinese Domestic Handguns, 1911 - 1949|chapter=Other Chinese Copies|pages=518–519|isbn=9781733424639|date=2021|publisher=Headstamp Publishing}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Croatia}}: 9,000 supplied by [[Argentina]] during the Yugoslav wars<ref>{{Cite web |last=Defensa.com |date=2013-07-31 |title=Lo que Croacia se llevó de la Argentina - Noticias Defensa Documentos |url=https://www.defensa.com/reportajes/que-croacia-se-llevo-argentina |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Defensa.com |language=es}}</ref>
* {{flag|Finland}}: 2,400 Pistols imported from Belgium in 1939–1940, used during the last stages of [[Winter War]], common usage during [[Continuation War]], mostly issued to pilots. Retired in 1980s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Revolvers & Pistols, part 3 |date=24 May 2014 |url=https://www.jaegerplatoon.net/PISTOLS3.htm}}</ref><ref name="jones2009"/>
* {{flag|France}}: Used by [[Gendarmerie Nationale (France)|Gendarmerie Nationale]] and [[French Air Force]] during [[First Indochina War]] and [[Algerian war]].{{citation needed|date=October 2012}}
* {{flag|Ireland}}: Used by the [[Óglaigh na hÉireann (The Irish Defence Forces)|Irish Defence Forces]], since replaced by the [[Heckler & Koch USP]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/defence-forces-to-turn-tomb-raiders-76402.html | work=Irish Independent | first=Don | last=Lavery | title=Defence Forces to turn 'tomb raiders' | date=2006-09-02 | access-date=2010-09-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111219202143/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/defence-forces-to-turn-tomb-raiders-76402.html | archive-date=2011-12-19 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{flag|Israel}}: Used by [[YAMAM]] before being replaced by Glock models.<ref name="meyr1999">{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/security/law_enforcement/news/ipi/ipi0312.shtml |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080301103639/http://www.janes.com/security/law_enforcement/news/ipi/ipi0312.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 1, 2008 |title=Special Weapons for Counter-terrorist Units |author=Meyr, Eitan |date=January 6, 1999 |publisher=Jane's&nbsp;— Law Enforcement |access-date=2009-09-26 }}</ref> Produced locally.<ref name="smallarms2007"/>
* {{flag|Luxembourg}}:<ref name="valpolini2009"/> Replaced by [[Glock 17]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armee.lu/materiel/armement.php |title=Armement |publisher=Armee.lu |access-date=2012-11-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720110506/http://www.armee.lu/materiel/armement.php |archive-date=2011-07-20 }}</ref>
*{{Flag|Nazi Germany}}: Over 300,000 pistols were made for the ''[[Wehrmacht]]'' after the FN factory was seized by Germany. Pistols were designated the Pistole 640(b).<ref name="arnolddw"/>
*{{flag|New Zealand}}: replaced by the [[SIG Sauer P226]]{{citation needed|date=January 2014}}
*{{flag|Poland}}<ref>{{cite web |author=Sebastian Miernik |url=http://www.grom.mil.pl/uzbrojenie_pliki/UZBROJENIE.HTM |title=//- Strona poświęcona Wojskowej Formacji Specjalnej GROM -// |publisher=Grom.mil.pl |access-date=2012-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814155936/http://www.grom.mil.pl/uzbrojenie_pliki/UZBROJENIE.HTM |archive-date=2011-08-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Formerly used by Polish special forces ([[JW GROM]]), no longer in use.
*{{flag|Portugal}}: Since 1935, by the gendarmerie [[Republican National Guard (Portugal)|Republican National Guard]].<ref name="jones2009"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gnr.pt/portal/internet/gabinete_imprensa/revista_gnr/edicoes/2006/n4/historias/Hist%C3%B3ria%20armamento.pdf|title=Historia|publisher=Gnr.pt|access-date=2012-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025102908/http://www.gnr.pt/portal/internet/gabinete_imprensa/revista_gnr/edicoes/2006/n4/historias/Hist%C3%B3ria%20armamento.pdf|archive-date=2012-10-25|url-status=live}}</ref> Replaced in service.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PSP, GNR e SEF receberam mais de 12 mil armas desde 2017|url=https://www.dn.pt/pais/psp-gnr-e-sef-receberam-mais-de-12-mil-armas-desde-2017-11730798.html|access-date=2021-11-22|website=www.dn.pt|date=21 January 2020 |language=pt}}</ref>
* {{flag|United Kingdom}}: Used in limited numbers by British airborne and commando units as well as the [[Special Operations Executive]] during the Second World War. Formally adopted by the [[British Army]] and [[Royal Air Force]] as the L9, a replacement for Webley and Enfield revolvers in 1954<ref name="miller2001"/><ref name="valpolini2009"/><ref name="jones2009"/> and by the [[Northern Ireland Security Guard Service]] in 1998.<ref name="ONeill2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php/site/article/6365/ |title=The state of the Union - Brendan O'Neill |access-date=2012-03-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120710130157/http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php/site/article/6365/ |archive-date=2012-07-10 }}</ref>{{better source needed|opinion pieces should not be used as sources for factual claims. Needs RS.|date=April 2020}}. Replaced by the [[Glock|Glock 17 Gen 4]].<ref>[http://modernserviceweapons.com/?p=1687 British Military Adopts Glock 17] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113201031/http://modernserviceweapons.com/?p=1687 |date=2014-01-13 }} - Modernserviceweapons.com, January 12, 2013</ref> Also formerly used by PT17 units in the Metropolitan Police.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=52}}
** {{flag|Hong Kong|colonial}}: Used by the [[Royal Hong Kong Regiment]].<ref name="RHKR_Weapon">{{cite web|title=RHKR Equipment - Weapons |url=https://www.rhkr.org/equipment/weapon.htm |publisher=The Royal Hong Kong Regiment (The Volunteers) Association |website=www.rhkr.org |access-date=16 June 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210616152909/https://www.rhkr.org/equipment/weapon.htm |archive-date=16 June 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flag|United States}}: 
** Used by the [[Hostage Rescue Team|FBI Hostage Rescue Team]] {{as of|1999|lc=y}}.<ref name="meyr1999"/> Around 250 HPs modified by Wayne Novak to include Novak Lo-Mount three-dot night sight, Spegel grips, front straps with a matte finish, beavertail frame modifications, match barrels and a trigger job.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=54}} Replaced with M1911-based pistols.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.swatmag.com/article/american-genius-nighthawk-custom-hi-power/ | title=American Genius: Nighthawk Custom Hi-Power - SWAT Survival &#124; Weapons &#124; Tactics | date=6 July 2016 }}</ref>
** Standard military issue to [[Military Assistance Command, Vietnam – Studies and Observations Group|SOG]] during the Vietnam War.<ref>{{cite book|title=US MACV-SOG Reconnaissance Team in Vietnam|url=https://archive.org/details/usmacvsogreconna00rott|url-access=limited|series=Warrior 159|first= Gordon L.|last= Rottman |date=20 Sep 2011|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=9781849085137|page=[https://archive.org/details/usmacvsogreconna00rott/page/n39 40]}}</ref>
* {{flag|Uruguay}}:<ref name="jones2009"/> To be replaced by [[Glock 17]]<ref>[http://www.janes.com/article/12201/uruguay-to-produce-glock-pistols Uruguay to produce Glock pistols] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109145822/http://www.janes.com/article/12201/uruguay-to-produce-glock-pistols |date=2013-11-09 }} - Janes.com, 28 April 2013</ref> Delays reported in 2018 on fully adopting it, although it is use with Uruguayan law enforcement.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.uypress.net/Politica/La-representacion-de-las-armas-Glock-se-fue-de-Uruguay-uc86057 | title=La representación de las armas Glock se fue de Uruguay }}</ref>

====Non-State Actors====
* {{flagicon image|Bandera_FLQ.svg}} [[Front de libération du Québec]]: Stolen from Canadian armories.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal accueillent le Général David Petraeus pages 10 à 15 |url=https://lesfusiliersmont-royal.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/14-Grenade14_web.pdf |website=lesfusiliersmont-royal.com}}</ref>
* [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad]]<ref name ='SAS 2005'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2005.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2005/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2005-Chapter-06-EN.pdf|chapter=Sourcing the Tools of War: Small Arms Supplies to Conflict Zones|title=Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2005|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|page=166|isbn=978-0-19-928085-8|access-date=2018-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830004838/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2005.html|archive-date=2018-08-30|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Viet Cong}}: Viet Cong reportedly used Inglis Hi-Powers supplied by China.{{sfnp|Thompson|2020|p=57}}

===Future===
* {{flag|Ukraine}}: 10,500 pistols are to be donated by Canada with delivery expected to start in December 2024.<ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |last1=Stevens |first1=R. Blake |date= 1996 |title= The Browning High Power Automatic Pistol: Expanded 1990 Edition |location=Coburg |publisher=Collector Grade Publications Incorporated |isbn=0-88935-089-2 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=Leroy |date= 2020 |title= The Browning High-Power Pistol |location=Oxford |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-1472838094 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Vanderlinden|first1=Anthony |date= 2013 |title= FN Browning Pistols, Side Arms that Shaped the World History: Expanded Second Edition |location=Greensboro|publisher=Wet Dog Publications |isbn=0970799799 }}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://www.browning.com/products/firearms/pistols/hi-power-pistols.html Official page]
* [http://www.hipowersandhandguns.com/HiPowerComments.html HiPowers and Handguns]
* [http://www.littlegun.be/arme%20belge/fn/a%20fn%20gp%20fr.htm F.N. mod. G.P. (Grande Puissance) pictures] {{in lang|fr}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111005153800/http://www.americanrifleman.org/ArticlePage.aspx?id=1577 History and Disassembly Instructions for the Browning Hi-Power]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091130114205/http://hp35.netfirms.com/history/history.htm Browning Hi-Power prototypes]
* [http://www.nazarian.no/images/wep/28_hipowermanual.pdf FN Hi-Power Manual]

{{John Browning}}
{{FN Herstal firearms}}
{{Pindad}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:.40 S&W semi-automatic pistols]]
[[Category:9mm Parabellum semi-automatic pistols]]
[[Category:7.65×21mm Parabellum semi-automatic pistols]]
[[Category:FN Herstal firearms]]
[[Category:Firearms by John Browning]]
[[Category:Semi-automatic pistols of Belgium]]
[[Category:Semi-automatic pistols of the United States]]
[[Category:World War II infantry weapons]]
[[Category:Weapons of the Philippine Army]]
[[Category:Cold War weapons of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Short recoil firearms]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1935]]