View source for Brooklyn Public Library

{{Short description|Library system in Brooklyn, New York}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox library
| name               = Brooklyn Public Library
| logo               = Brooklyn Public Library logo.svg
| image              = Brooklyn Public Library (93880p).jpg
| caption            = [[Central Library (Brooklyn Public Library)|Brooklyn Central Library]]
| scope              =
| established        = {{Start date|1896}}
| ref_legal_mandate  =
| location           = [[Brooklyn]]
| city               = New York City
| coordinates        = {{Wikidatacoord|Q1198796|region:US-NY_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| branch_of          =
| num_branches       = 61
| items_collected    =
| collection_size    = 5,045,500 items
| criteria           =
| legal_deposit      =
| req_to_access      =
| annual_circulation =
| pop_served         = 2,565,635
| members            =
| budget             =
| director           = Linda E. Johnson (2010–present)
| num_employees      =
| website            = {{URL|https://bklynlibrary.org}}
}}
The '''Brooklyn Public Library''' is the [[public library]] system of the [[New York City borough]] of [[Brooklyn]]. It is the sixteenth largest public library system in the United States by holding and the seventh by number of visitors.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ala.org/tools/libfactsheets/alalibraryfactsheet13#toppopulation |title=LibGuides: The Nation's Largest Public Libraries: Home |work=Professional Tools |date=August 26, 2014 |access-date=April 6, 2016 |archive-date=April 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421134532/http://www.ala.org/tools/libfactsheets/alalibraryfactsheet13#toppopulation |url-status=live }}</ref> Like the two [[Brooklyn Public Library#Other New York City library systems|other public library systems in New York City]], it is an independent nonprofit organization that is funded by the [[Government of New York City|city]] and [[Government of New York (state)|state]] governments, the federal government, and private donors. In marketing materials, the library styles its name as '''Bklyn Public Library'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/bklynlibrary?lang=en |title=BKLYN Library |website=Twitter |access-date=November 15, 2016 |archive-date=July 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705183219/https://twitter.com/bklynlibrary?lang=en |url-status=live }}</ref>

==History==
In 1852, several prominent citizens established the "Brooklyn Athenaeum and Reading Room" for the instruction of young men. It was as was the practice in those times, a private, subscription library for members, who were recruited and encouraged by the rising mercantile and business class of young men, to continue by constant reading whatever formal education they had received through a university, college, high school/private academy, or trade school. Its collections focused on the [[liberal arts]] and the [[humanities]] such as biography, economics, history, literature, philosophy, and other applications later labeled [[social studies]].

Five years later, in 1857, another group of young men, along with businessmen, manufacturers, and merchants, founded the "Brooklyn Mercantile Library Association of the City of Brooklyn", with holdings more pronounced in the business, commercial, economics, mathematical, scientific, and technical fields. The Librarian-in-Charge was Stephen Buttrick Noyes, who later went to the [[Library of Congress]] in 1866 but returned to Brooklyn three years later, in 1869. This collection and the previous one were merged in 1869 and later moved to a headquarters building on [[Brooklyn Public Library#Montague Street Branch|Montague Street]]. In 1878, the Library Associations were renamed the "Brooklyn Public Library". Stephen Buttrick Noyes commenced developing an extensive catalog for the collections which he completed in 1888.

The first free public library in Brooklyn was that of [[Pratt Institute]], a collegiate institute founded by [[Charles Pratt]] in 1888. Available not only for its own students and faculty, the library was also open to the general public at that early time.
[[File:Brooklyn Public Library LOC gsc.5a06136.jpg|250px|left|thumb|Brooklyn Public Library's Central Library in January 1941 shortly before it opened]]

The Brooklyn Public Library system was approved by an [[New York State Legislature|Act of Legislature of the State of New York]] on May 3, 1892.<ref name="New York Library Club Cole Nelson Bostwick 1902 p. 15">{{cite book |author=New York Library Club |last2=Cole |first2=G.W. |last3=Nelson |first3=C.A. |last4=Bostwick |first4=A.E. |title=Libraries of Greater New York: Manual and Historical Sketch of the New York Library Club |year=1902 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=61kZAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA15 |page=15 |access-date=June 24, 2023 |archive-date=June 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624174836/https://books.google.com/books?id=61kZAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA15 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Brooklyn Common Council]] then passed a resolution for the establishment of the Brooklyn Public Library on November 30, 1896, with Marie E. Craigie as the first director. The library was re-incorporated in 1902.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z3NZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1760 Chapter 606], [[Laws of New York|Laws of 1902]].</ref>

The first main branch ("central library") moved among various buildings, including a former mansion at 26 Brevoort Place.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.brownstoner.com/blog/2012/03/building-of-the-day-496-franklin-avenue/ |title=Building of the Day |website=Brownstoner |access-date=April 29, 2012 |archive-date=May 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513194857/http://www.brownstoner.com/blog/2012/03/building-of-the-day-496-franklin-avenue/? |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0A17F63F5911738DDDAC0994DA415B808CF1D3 |title=Brooklyn's Municipal Library System |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 15, 1900 |access-date=February 6, 2017 |archive-date=May 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525200141/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0A17F63F5911738DDDAC0994DA415B808CF1D3 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1901, the businessman and philanthropist [[Andrew Carnegie]] donated $1.6 million,<ref name="Bklyner 2019 r545">{{cite web |title=The History Of Brooklyn Libraries, Carnegie and Cardboard Models |website=Bklyner |date=January 3, 2019 |url=https://bklyner.com/the-history-of-brooklyn-libraries-carnegie-and-cardboard-models/ |access-date=March 20, 2024 |archive-date=July 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725075217/https://bklyner.com/private/?r=%2Fthe-history-of-brooklyn-libraries-carnegie-and-cardboard-models%2F |url-status=live }}</ref> which helped fund the development and construction of 21 [[Carnegie libraries|Carnegie neighborhood library]] branches through 1923.<ref name="Musumeci 2013 p977">{{cite web |last=Musumeci |first=Natalie |title=Plan to sell aged library a battle over Andrew Carnegie's vision |website=Brooklyn Paper |date=March 27, 2013 |url=https://www.brooklynpaper.com/plan-to-sell-aged-library-a-battle-over-andrew-carnegies-vision/ |access-date=March 20, 2024 |archive-date=March 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320223814/https://www.brooklynpaper.com/plan-to-sell-aged-library-a-battle-over-andrew-carnegies-vision/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2020, Brooklyn Public Library made an agreement to merge its archives and special collections division, the Brooklyn Collection, with the [[Brooklyn Historical Society]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Schuessler |first=Jennifer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/27/arts/brooklyn-public-library-brooklyn-historical-society.html |title=Brooklyn Public Library and Brooklyn Historical Society to Merge |date=February 27, 2020 |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 28, 2020 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225075739/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/27/arts/brooklyn-public-library-brooklyn-historical-society.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The new entity is called the Center for Brooklyn History.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Announcing the new Center for Brooklyn History |url=https://www.brooklynhistory.org/about/center-for-brooklyn-history |access-date=October 7, 2020 |website=Center for Brooklyn History |language=en-US |archive-date=October 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029172639/https://www.brooklynhistory.org/about/center-for-brooklyn-history/ |url-status=live }}<br />{{Cite web |date=October 2, 2020 |title=Brooklyn Public Library Announces Launch of Center for Brooklyn History |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/media/press/brooklyn-public-library-69 |access-date=October 7, 2020 |website=www.bklynlibrary.org |language=en-us |archive-date=October 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010042156/https://www.bklynlibrary.org/media/press/brooklyn-public-library-69 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Branches==
{{see also|List of Brooklyn Public Library branches}}
[[File:Brooklyn Public Library.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Central Library at [[Grand Army Plaza]] in October 2005, during construction of a new entrance plaza and underground auditorium]]

There are 61 neighborhood branches throughout the borough, of which many are [[List of Carnegie libraries in New York City#Carnegie libraries in Brooklyn|Carnegie libraries]]. The library has four [[bookmobile]]s, including the Kidsmobile, which carries children's materials, and the Bibliobús, which carries a Spanish language collection.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/bookmobile.jsp |title=Brooklyn Public Library &#124; Only at BPL |access-date=April 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703085129/http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/bookmobile.jsp |archive-date=July 3, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Central Library===
{{Main|Central Library (Brooklyn Public Library)}}
Located at Flatbush Avenue and Eastern Parkway on Grand Army Plaza near the Prospect Heights, Crown Heights, Flatbush, and Park Slope neighborhoods, Brooklyn Public Library's Central Library contains over a million cataloged books, magazines, and multimedia materials.

The Brooklyn Collection holds the manuscripts and archives for the Brooklyn Public Library and is located at the Central Branch.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bklynpubliclibrary.org/brooklyncollection/about |title=About Brooklyn Collection |access-date=August 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524113427/http://www.bklynpubliclibrary.org/brooklyncollection/about |archive-date=May 24, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Brooklyn Collection holds over a million individual items including [[Brooklyn Dodgers]] memorabilia, a collection for the ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'', which [[Walt Whitman]] edited, manuscripts, maps, photographs, and other [[ephemera]]l items.

==Services==
The [[Bookmobile]] is a {{convert|32|ft|m|adj=on}}-long, {{convert|11.5|ft|m|adj=on}}-high vehicle housing a mobile library. Carrying up to 6,000 books, the Bookmobile serves communities whose local branches are closed for renovation. The Bookmobile offers many of the services available at other branches.

The Kidsmobile is a smaller, more colorful version of the Bookmobile. During the school year, the Kidsmobile visits schools, day care centers, [[Head Start Program|Head Start]], after-school programs and community events. In the summer, the Kidsmobile also travels to parks and camps. In addition to books, the Kidsmobile offers [[storytelling]] and [[handicraft|arts and crafts]].

The Bibliobús is a mobile Spanish-language library. It brings books and other media to Spanish-speaking communities in Brooklyn. The Bibliobús serves sites such as schools, daycares, community-based organizations, senior centers, nonprofit organizations, and community events.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/bibliobus/ |title=Brooklyn Public Library &#124; Only at BPL |access-date=April 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404194815/http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/bibliobus/ |archive-date=April 4, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The [http://www.bklynpubliclibrary.org/locations/central/infocommons Shelby White and Leon Levy Information Commons] opened at Central Library on January 15, 2013. It features an open workspace with 25 computers and seating and outlets for more than 70 laptop users; 7 meeting rooms, including one that doubles as a recording studio; and a 36-seat training lab.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shelby White and Leon Levy Information Commons |url=http://www.bklynpubliclibrary.org/locations/central/infocommons |publisher=Brooklyn Public Library |access-date=February 13, 2013 |archive-date=February 14, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214032206/http://www.bklynpubliclibrary.org/locations/central/infocommons |url-status=live }}</ref>

The library's [https://web.archive.org/web/20170202040115/http://www.bklynlibrary.org/only-bpl/learning-bpl Learning Centers] provide adult literacy and adult education services for free.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/9/8/brooklyn-public-library-expand-hours |title=Brooklyn Public Library to expand hours of service across borough |work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle |date=September 8, 2014 |access-date=January 27, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/9/8/brooklyn-public-library-expand-hours |title=Adult Literacy {{!}} Brooklyn Public Library |website=www.bklynlibrary.org |date=September 8, 2014 |language=en |access-date=January 27, 2017 |archive-date=February 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031655/http://www.brooklyneagle.com/articles/2014/9/8/brooklyn-public-library-expand-hours |url-status=live }}</ref>

Every Brooklyn Public Library branch is equipped with a "New Americans Corner" that provides information on immigration, citizenship and other materials.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/learn/immigrants/citizenship|title=Citizenship &#124; Brooklyn Public Library|website=www.bklynlibrary.org}}</ref>

=== Books Unbanned ===
{{See also|Book banning in the United States (2021–present)}}

On July 15, 2022, Brooklyn Public Library introduced the [[Books Unbanned]] initiative which waived the $50 fee for out-of-state library cards for people in the United States between the ages of 13 and 21. The program allows teens and young adults to access ebooks and audiobooks for free.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 3, 2017 |title=Borrowing |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/use-the-library/borrow |access-date=June 26, 2023 |website=www.bklynlibrary.org |language=en-us |archive-date=June 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623170451/https://www.bklynlibrary.org/use-the-library/borrow |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2022 |title=Brooklyn Library Offers Access to Banned eBooks to Teens Across the U.S. |url=https://bookriot.com/unbanned-books/ |access-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426014022/https://bookriot.com/unbanned-books/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A spokesperson said that the Brooklyn Public Library intended to counteract the "increasingly coordinated and effective effort to [[Book banning in the United States (2021–present)|remove books]] tackling a wide range of topics from library shelves."<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2022 |title=Books Unbanned |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/books-unbanned |access-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-date=August 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823153600/https://www.bklynlibrary.org/books-unbanned |url-status=live }}</ref> The library cited the American Library Association's Freedom to Read Statement as a driving force behind the decision, noting the "729 challenges to library, school and university materials and services in 2021, resulting in more than 1,597 individual book challenges or removals."<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 26, 2006 |title=The Freedom to Read Statement |url=https://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/freedomreadstatement |access-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-date=April 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425224534/https://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/freedomreadstatement |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Administration==
Brooklyn Public Library's governing board is the board of trustees, consisting of 38 members, all serving in non-salaried positions. [[Mayor of New York|The Mayor]] and the [[Borough President|Brooklyn Borough President]] each appoint eleven of the trustees. These appointed trustees elect twelve additional board members to serve.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://citylimits.org/2014/06/18/new-scrutiny-of-citys-library-trustees/ |title=New scrutiny of city's library trustees |last=Travers |first=S. |website=City Limits |date=June 18, 2014 |access-date=November 15, 2016 |archive-date=July 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725075222/https://citylimits.org/2014/06/18/new-scrutiny-of-citys-library-trustees/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The mayor, [[New York City Comptroller]], [[New York City Council#Speaker of the City Council|Speaker of the City Council]] and Brooklyn Borough President are ex officio members of the board. All non-ex officio members of the board serve three-year terms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/board_of_trustees.jsp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611223303/http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/board_of_trustees.jsp|url-status=dead|title=Board of Trustees|archivedate=June 11, 2011}}</ref>

Linda E. Johnson was named president and CEO on August 16, 2011, after having served as the institution's interim executive director since July 1, 2010. She replaced Dionne Mack-Harvin, who served as executive director from March 2007. Mack-Harvin was the first African American woman to lead a major public library system in New York state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/execdirbio.jsp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611223313/http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/execdirbio.jsp|url-status=dead|title=Our Executive Director|archivedate=June 11, 2011}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6721715.html Brooklyn PL Director Mack-Harvin Resigns After Three Years; Interim Director to be Named; Board Meeting Tonight] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100307235248/http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6721715.html |date=2010-03-07 }}", by Norman Oder, ''Library Journal'', March 4, 2010.</ref> Previously, Ginnie Cooper had been the executive director of the Brooklyn Public Library since January 2003. Other notable executive directors include Kenneth Duchac, who ran the system from 1970 until his retirement in 1986.

===List of directors===
{{incomplete list|date=May 2012}}
* Mary E. Craigie <ref>{{cite news |title=Made Managing Director |work=Brooklyn Eagle |date=January 30, 1898 |page=10 |access-date=December 14, 2010 |url=http://eagle.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/Default/Skins/BEagle/Client.asp?Skin=BEagle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701073322/http://eagle.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/Default/Skins/BEagle/Client.asp?Skin=BEagle |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 1, 2010 }}</ref>
* Arthur E. Bostwick (1899–1901) <ref>{{cite news |title=New Librarian's Career |work=Brooklyn Eagle |date=March 12, 1899 |page=7 |access-date=December 14, 2010 |url=http://eagle.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/Default/Skins/BEagle/Client.asp?Skin=BEagle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701073322/http://eagle.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/Default/Skins/BEagle/Client.asp?Skin=BEagle |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 1, 2010 }}</ref>
* [[Frank Pierce Hill]] (1901–1930) <ref>{{cite news |title=Frank P. Hill Will Take Position of Librarian |work=Brooklyn Eagle |date=March 26, 1901 |page=2 |access-date=April 19, 2022 |url=https://bplonsite.newspapers.com/image/50398311/ }}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* [[Milton J. Ferguson]] (1930–1949)<ref>{{cite news |title=Name Brooklyn Librarian : Trustees Elect M.J. Ferguson of California to Succeed, Dr. Hill |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 30, 1930 <!-- |via=ProQuest --><!-- Needs supporting URL --> }}</ref>
* [[Francis R. St. John]] (1949–1963)<ref>{{cite news |title=Brooklyn Library Inducts New Chief : Francis R. St. John Becomes Its Fifth Director – Staff's Pay Discussed by Mayor |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 25, 1949 <!-- |via=ProQuest --><!-- Needs ProQuest URL --> }}</ref>
* John Ames Humphry (1964–?)
* John C Frantz (?)
* Kenneth Farnham Duchac (1970–1986)
* Larry Brandwein (1987–1994)
* Martin Gomez (1995–2002)
* [[Ginnie Cooper]] (2003–2007)
* [[Dionne Mack|Dionne Mack-Harvin]] (2007–2010)
* Linda E. Johnson (2011–present)

==Other New York City library systems==
{{See also|Education in New York City}}
The Brooklyn Public Library is one of three separate and independent public library systems in New York City. The other two are the [[New York Public Library]] (NYPL), serving [[the Bronx]], [[Manhattan]], and [[Staten Island]], and the [[Queens Public Library]], serving [[Queens]]. The Brooklyn and Queens Public Library cards can be accepted by the NYPL, once they are linked to the NYPL system at any NYPL branch.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nypl.org/help/getting-oriented/brooklyn-queens-libraries |title=Brooklyn and Queens Libraries |access-date=September 2, 2013 |archive-date=September 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917230841/http://www.nypl.org/help/getting-oriented/brooklyn-queens-libraries |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|New York City}}
* [[Brooklyn Visual Heritage]]
* [[List of Brooklyn Public Library branches]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Brooklyn Public Library}}
* {{official website |http://www.bklynlibrary.org/}}
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/*/http://www.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/|title=Brooklyn Public Library}} ([https://web.archive.org/*/http://m.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/ Mobile])
* {{cite archive |collection-url=https://bklyn.newspapers.com |collection=Brooklyn Daily Eagle |institution=Brooklyn Public Library |location=Online}}
** {{cite web |url=http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/website-reviews/23063 |title=Brooklyn Daily Eagle Online (1841–1902) |publisher=[[National History Education Clearinghouse]] (NHEC) |work=Website review}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.bklynlibrary.org/civilwar/ |title=Brooklyn in the Civil War |publisher=BPL}}
** {{cite web |url=http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/website-reviews/22740 |publisher=[[teachinghistory.org|NHEC]] |work=Website review |title=Brooklyn in the Civil War}}
* [https://www.wnyc.org/story/folk-songs-seven-million Brooklyn Public Library's Folksongs for the Seven Million radio program]

{{Education in Brooklyn}}
{{Libraries in New York City}}
{{New York City}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Brooklyn Public Library| ]]
[[Category:1896 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Carnegie libraries in New York City]]
[[Category:County library systems in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Education in Brooklyn]]
[[Category:Federal depository libraries]]
[[Category:Libraries established in 1896]]
[[Category:Libraries in Brooklyn]]
[[Category:Public libraries in New York City]]