View source for Bradford Interchange

{{Short description|Railway station in West Yorkshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox station
| name                = Bradford Interchange
| symbol_location     = gb
| symbol              = rail
| image               = Grand Central Bradford Interchange.jpg
| caption             = A [[Grand Central (train operating company)|Grand Central]] [[Class 180]] to [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] at the station
| borough             = [[Bradford]], [[City of Bradford]]
| country             = England
| coordinates         = {{coord|53.791|-1.750|type:railwaystation_region:GB_scale:10000|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name           = [[Ordnance Survey National Grid|Grid reference]]
| grid_position       = {{gbmapscaled|SE165327|25|SE165327}}
| manager             = [[Northern (train operating company)|Northern]] and [[Metro (West Yorkshire)|Metro]]
| platforms           = 4
| code                = BDI
| zone                = 3
| classification      = [[United Kingdom railway station categories|DfT category]] C1
| transit_authority   = [[West Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive|West Yorkshire]] (Metro)
| years               = 
| events              = 
| years1              = 1973
| events1             = Opened as Bradford Exchange
| years2              = 1977
| events2             = Bus station opened
| years3              = 1983
| events3             = Renamed as '''Bradford Interchange'''
| years4              = 2001
| events4             = Bus station rebuilt
| mpassengers =
<!--{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2017/18 |passengers={{decrease}} 2.769 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{increase}} 85,136}}
{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2018/19 |passengers={{decrease}} 2.609 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{decrease}} 80,241}}-->
{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2019/20 |passengers={{increase}} 2.675 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{increase}} 101,536}}
{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2020/21 |passengers={{decrease}} 0.662 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{decrease}} 31,616}}
{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2021/22 |passengers={{increase}} 1.762 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{increase}} 88,951}}
{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2022/23 |passengers={{increase}} 2.225 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{decrease}} 69,528}}
{{Rail pass box |pass_year=2023/24 |passengers={{increase}} 2.329 million |interchange={{pad|1em}}{{increase}} 87,687}}
| footnotes           = Passenger statistics from the [[Office of Rail and Road]]
|mapframe             = yes
|mapframe-zoom        = 13
}}
'''Bradford Interchange''' is a [[Transport hub|transport interchange]] in [[Bradford]], [[West Yorkshire]], [[England]], which consists of a [[railway station]] and [[bus station]] adjacent. The Interchange, which was designed in 1962, was hailed as a showpiece of European design and was opened on 14 January 1973. It is served by the majority of bus services in the city centre, while the railway station, which is one of two in the city centre (along with  {{rws|Bradford Forster Square}}), is served by [[Northern (train operating company)|Northern]] and is also the terminus for [[Grand Central (train operating company)|Grand Central]] services from [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]].

On 4 January 2024, a large chunk of concrete was found to have fallen from the Interchange's underground car park ceiling, situated directly underneath the Interchange's bus station. As a result, the bus station was closed on 5 January, whilst survey work was conducted to repair the affected concrete and the bus station's structure. As of 22 March it was announced that the bus station will be closed for a further 3 months until June to allow more extensive surveying work to take place, and to do further repairs to the station. All bus services starting/terminating at or moving through the bus station have been redirected to over 40 alternative bus stops around the city, to areas such as Market Street, Bridge Street and Hall Ings, all of which are within reasonable walking distance from the Interchange. The Interchange's train station remains open with rail services and ticket kiosks unaffected.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.westyorks-ca.gov.uk/all-news-and-blogs/bradford-interchange-bus-station-to-remain-closed-until-june/|title=Bradford Interchange bus station to remain closed until June|website=West Yorkshire Combined Authority|accessdate=22 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-68056647|title=Bradford Interchange closure due to 'fallen concrete'|date=22 January 2024|accessdate=22 March 2024|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.westyorks-ca.gov.uk/all-news-and-blogs/latest-bradford-interchange-update-feb-28/|title=Latest Bradford Interchange update|website=West Yorkshire Combined Authority|accessdate=22 March 2024}}</ref>

The bus station reopened in January, 2025.

==Layout and facilities==
[[File:Bradford Interchange. - geograph.org.uk - 419820.jpg|thumb|left|The bus station concourse at Bradford Interchange]]
[[File:Bradford station entrance.jpg|thumb|left|The car park and entrance]]
The main entrance with the taxi rank and car park is on a lower level, while the train platforms and bus stops are on a split upper level, both separate with pedestrian access. Downstairs, in the central concourse, there are a few shops, a [[newsagent]], a cafe and sandwich shop and a fast food outlet on the train platforms, where hot drinks are also available. Toilets are located off the main concourse.

There is also a [[British Transport Police]] office and lost luggage desk, provided for passengers' concern and safety at the railway station, with a separate [[security]] and lost-luggage unit for bus travellers, on the [[bus]] [[concourse]]. A smoking ban is observed in all parts of Bradford interchange, and [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] is also in operation with security officers and police regularly patrolling the station.

The railway station has four platforms and a short bay that was previously used for the [[Red Star parcels]] facility. Platform 1 has a run-round facility for locomotive-hauled trains (mainly freight services). The track layout and associated signalling was remodelled during the course of a week-long engineering blockade from 25 October to 3 November 2008, to permit higher speeds on both routes into the station, and also allow trains to approach the station from both Leeds and Halifax simultaneously (something that was not possible with the old track configuration).<ref>[https://www.railnews.co.uk/news/general/2008/09/18-bradford-interchange.html "Upgrade for Bradford Interchange"]''Railnews'' article 25 September 2008; Retrieved 19 November 2016</ref>

All tracks run south out of the station about 600m to the Mill Lane junction where the westbound and eastbound routes separate. Originally it was possible for trains on the Calder Valley line to bypass the station, but that possibility was removed when the diversionary track was lifted.  

===Ticket offices===
Bradford Interchange has separate bus and train [[Ticket (admission)|ticket]] outlets. The bus and Metro office, which also deals with [[National Express Coaches|National Express]] coach enquiries from a separate desk, is located on the bus departure concourse. The train ticket office is next to the pedestrian entrance to the train platforms and is open seven days a week (except for late evenings).  Escalators and lifts link the two levels and there is step-free access to all platforms.<ref>[http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/BDI/details.html Bradford Interchange station facilities] ''National Rail Enquiries''; Retrieved 30 November 2016</ref>

==History==
{{main|Bradford Exchange railway station}}
[[File:42072 Bradford Exchange.jpg|thumb|left|[[LMS Fairburn 2-6-4T]] 42072 at Bradford Exchange, 1966–67]]
[[File:Bradford exchange 2 train station 1872152 eb1a2f58.jpg|thumb|left|Internal view in 1961]]
[[File:Bradford exchange 1 rail station1872170 5d672f8d.jpg|thumb|left|Platform view in 1961]]
[[File:Bradford_Interchange_1990s.jpg|thumb|right|Bradford Interchange bus terminal {{circa|1998}}, taken from the footbridge that connected the platforms. The green signs indicate departure bays. Note [[Keighley Bus Company|Keighley & District]], [[First West Yorkshire|First Bradford Traveller]] and [[West Yorkshire Metro|WYPTE]] liveried buses.]]
The original railway station, named ''Bradford Exchange'', was opened by the joint efforts of the [[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway]] and the [[Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)|Great Northern Railway]] on 9 May 1850.<ref name="subritbradex">{{cite web|url=http://www.subbrit.org.uk/sb-sites/stations/b/bradford_exchange/index.shtml|title=Bradford Exchange|publisher=Subterranea Britannica|access-date=1 August 2009}}</ref> In 1867, the [[Leeds, Bradford and Halifax Junction Railway]], which had previously used [[Bradford Adolphus Street railway station|Bradford Adolphus Street]], built a link to the tracks into Exchange station to join the two existing companies; Adolphus Street station was then closed to passenger use.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.subbrit.org.uk/sb-sites/stations/b/bradford_adolphus_street/index.shtml|title=Bradford Adolphus Street|access-date=1 August 2009|publisher=Subterranea Britannica}}</ref>

The railway station was completely rebuilt on the same site in 1880 with ten bay platforms and two [[arched]] roofs. Constructed of [[wrought iron]], these rested at the outer sides on plain stone walls and [[classical architecture|classical]] [[corinthian order|corinthian]] style columns down the middle. Glass covered the middle half and timber (inside)/ slate (outside) covered the outer quarters of each span. The four end screens were glazed in a fan pattern with decorative timber outer edging. The dimensions were a length of {{convert|450|ft|m}}, a width of {{convert|100|ft|m}} for each arch and a height of {{convert|80|ft|m}}, track to apex. The railway station never had a formal frontage; instead, passengers entered by an opening in the northwest side.

In its 1920s heyday, it served routes to {{stnlnk|Wakefield Westgate}} via [[Ardsley railway station|Ardsley]] (used by many of the city's through trains to [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]]), {{stnlnk|Wakefield Kirkgate}} via {{stnlnk|Batley}} and [[Ossett]], {{stnlnk|Keighley}} & Halifax via [[Queensbury railway station|Queensbury]], {{stnlnk|Mirfield}} via [[Cleckheaton Central railway station|Cleckheaton]] (the [[Spen Valley Line]]) and to Leeds via the [[Pudsey loop line railway|Pudsey Loop]] in addition to the current lines. These however had all closed by the end of 1966 – most having fallen victim to the [[Beeching Axe]].

By 1973, the railway station with its 10 platforms<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lostrailwayswestyorkshire.co.uk/Bradford.htm |title=Bradford|access-date=11 March 2014}}</ref> was deemed too large and was again rebuilt, this time on a different site slightly further south. The old Exchange station was demolished soon afterwards and was used for a time as a car park; the site now houses the [[Bradford Law Courts]]<ref name="subritbradex"/> and is due to be developed as a 'Justice Quarter' with new [[magistrates' court (England and Wales)|magistrates']] and [[coroner]]'s courts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/bradford/8243363.stm|title=City plans £58m Justice Quarter|date=1 August 2009|access-date=8 August 2009|work=BBC News Online}}</ref> In 1977, a bus station was built alongside,<ref>{{cite web |title=Bradford Interchange |url=https://www.wymetro.com/buses/bus-stations/bradford-interchange/ |website=WY Metro |access-date=16 January 2023}}</ref> and, in 1983, the station was renamed ''Bradford Interchange'' to link buses and trains in a covered environment.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Thomas|first1=Rhys|title=THEN AND NOW: The forgotten city centre station from Bradford's rail heyday|url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/14833607.THEN_AND_NOW__The_forgotten_city_centre_station_from_Bradford_s_rail_heyday/|access-date=13 January 2017|work=Bradford Telegraph and Argus|date=31 October 2016}}</ref>

The bus station featured a large ridge and furrow design of overall roof, which was subsequently demolished in 1999 to allow for a rebuilding of the bus station, which was opened in 2001. This was paid for partly by the sale of some adjacent land to the south of the site and some now-surplus land on the old bus station site.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}
During the 1970s and 1980s, the station was considered the mainline station for Bradford with express services to [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]], Trans-Pennine services to [[Liverpool Lime Street railway station|Liverpool]] and [[Newcastle railway station|Newcastle]] and summer Saturday services to the South-West. The Inter-city services were moved to [[Bradford Forster Square railway station|Forster Square station]] in 1992 when the line was electrified. The station also had an adjacent [[Red Star Parcels]] terminus but, like most other mainline stations following the [[privatisation of British Rail]], it lost this facility during the 1990s.

==Services==
===Bus===
The bus station is managed by [[West Yorkshire Metro|Metro]]. The main operators at the bus station include [[First West Yorkshire]] and [[Arriva Yorkshire]] with other services run by [[Keighley Bus Company|The Keighley Bus Company]] and TLC Travel. The [[Flyer (bus service)|Flyer]] service operates to Leeds Bradford Airport, Otley and Harrogate. 

Local bus services run to many destinations, including [[Dewsbury]], [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]], [[Harrogate]], [[Huddersfield]], [[Ilkley]], [[Keighley]], [[Leeds]], [[Otley]] and [[Wakefield]], as well as services to towns  within the Bradford area, such as [[Shipley, West Yorkshire|Shipley]], [[Baildon]] and [[Wilsden]].

[[National Express Coaches]] and [[Megabus (Europe)|Megabus]] run nationwide from Bradford but no longer from the interchange, they stop at a bus stop on nearby Nelson Street. 

The bus station and lower concourse closed for the foreseeable future due to structural problems following a concrete failure in January 2024

===Rail===
{{Northern (train operating company) route 9 | collapse=true}}
Bradford Interchange is on the [[Calder Valley Line]] and is one of the two railway stations serving the city of [[Bradford]]. The other station is [[Bradford Forster Square railway station|Forster Square]], a 10 minute walk away.

Monday to Saturday during the daytime, services run every 15 minutes between the Interchange and Leeds and hourly onwards to both [[York railway station|York]] and [[Hull Paragon Interchange|Hull]] (the latter introduced at the winter 2019 timetable change). On evenings and Sundays, there are usually three services to Leeds each hour with one extended to both York and Hull (though the latter doesn't run on Sundays).

In the other direction, there is a train roughly every 15 minutes to [[Halifax railway station (West Yorkshire)|Halifax]], with two trains an hour continuing to [[Manchester Victoria station|Manchester Victoria]] (one limited stop, the other serving all stations to [[Todmorden railway station|Todmorden]], then [[Rochdale railway station|Rochdale]] only), one to {{rws|Preston}} and {{rws|Blackpool North}} via {{rws|Blackburn}} and one to [[Huddersfield railway station|Huddersfield]] (plus one that terminates at Halifax).<ref>{{NRtimes|May 2023|37}}</ref>  Since the summer 2019 timetable update, there is now an hourly direct service to {{rws|Warrington Bank Quay}} and {{rws|Chester}}.

[[File:Bradford Interchange Station (geograph 6391766).jpg|thumb|right|[[British Rail Class 195]] in service at Bradford Interchange]]

Sundays, there are four services each hour to Halifax – these continuing to either Manchester Victoria (two, one continuing to Chester), Blackpool North via Preston or Huddersfield (hourly to each).

Because of the geography of Bradford, the station was built as a terminus, with the lines in a 'Y'-formation, so trains must reverse out of the station to continue their journey.

====London services====
The station now also sees regular services to [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] via Low Moor, Halifax, Brighouse, Mirfield, Wakefield, Pontefract and Doncaster. In January 2009, [[Grand Central (train operating company)|Grand Central]] had its application for [[train path]]s to run a Bradford Interchange to London service accepted by the [[Office of Rail and Road|Office of Rail Regulation]].<ref>[http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090324151301/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/ecml-cap2_propdec_280109.pdf ORR Track Access Applications Decision for ECML Passenger Services – 28 January 2009] ORR Website; Retrieved 29 January 2009</ref> Four trains per day operate, now that full approval for the service has been granted;<ref>[http://www.grandcentralrail.co.uk/futuredevelopments ''Grand Central Rail – Future Developments''] www.grandcentralrail.co.uk; Retrieved 21 August 2009</ref> these use [[British Rail Class 180|Class 180]] units and started running from 23 May 2010.<ref>[[RAIL (magazine)|RAIL]] issue 641</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/10702073.Rail_firm_to_launch_another_Bradford_London_train_link/|title=Rail firm to launch another Bradford-London train link|date=27 September 2013|access-date=3 October 2013|newspaper=Telegraph & Argus}}</ref>

==Ongoing improvements==
[[File:Bradford Interchange Station (geograph 6393558).jpg|thumb|right|Platforms one and two with trains for [[Hull Paragon railway station|Kingston upon Hull]] and [[Ellesmere Port railway station|Ellesmere Port]] scheduled.]]
The bus stands were once more plentiful and originally featured a large 'ridge and furrow' glass roof,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lostrailwayswestyorkshire.co.uk/images/donations/Charles%20Boylan/Bradford/20140802153725_01.jpg|title=Photo of bus station in 1977|accessdate=22 March 2024}}</ref> but this was demolished in the 1990s, following the sale of some land for an office development. The bus station was completely rebuilt in 2001.

Metro are currently considering improvements to the bus and rail platforms, including better access between facilities and pedestrian access between the bus concourse and the rail platforms, to save walking down and up the escalators.

The information displays were replaced in early 2009,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/search/4330160.The_improvements_now_arriving___/|title='Voice of the rails' launches £3.3 million passenger information system|first=Will|last=Killner|date=20 April 2009|access-date=16 May 2009|newspaper=Telegraph & Argus}}</ref> following a modest facelift in autumn 2008, which included new signage and a repaint. In January 2010, automatic [[Turnstile|ticket barriers]] were installed by [[Northern Rail (Serco-Abellio)|Northern Rail]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wymetro.com/news/releases/archive/2010news/100126-1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209194435/http://www.wymetro.com/news/releases/archive/2010news/100126-1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 February 2013 |date=26 January 2010 |access-date=16 October 2011 |publisher=West Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive |title=Automatic rail ticket gates at Bradford Interchange }}</ref>

Further improvements under the National Station Improvement Plan are proposed, which include refurbished canopies, new flooring, more lighting and [[CCTV]], a new waiting room and extra seating.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/5081809.Passengers_happy_at_Bradford_station_revamp/|title=Campaigners say they are delighted at plans to carry out work at Bradford Interchange|newspaper=Telegraph & Argus|date=24 March 2010|access-date=25 March 2010|first=Will|last=Kilner}}</ref>

Under [[Network Rail]]'s [[Northern Hub]] development, the Northern franchise, which commenced in April 2016, will reintroduce services to [[Liverpool Lime Street railway station|Liverpool]] and new services to {{rws|Nottingham}} via [[Sheffield railway station|Sheffield]], [[Manchester Airport railway station|Manchester Airport]] and [[Chester railway station|Chester]] have been announced.<ref>[http://www.railmagazine.com/news/network/2015/12/09/12-billion-upgrade-for-north-as-arriva-wins-northern-and-first-retains-transpennine-express £1.2 billion upgrade for North as Arriva wins Northern and First retains TransPennine Express] Clinnick, Richard; ''[[Rail Magazine]]'' 9 December 2015; Retrieved 17 December 2015</ref>  These form part of the "Northern Connect" network and use Class 195s that were delivered in 2018.<ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/caf-awarded-arriva-rail-north-train-contract.html CAF awarded Arriva Rail North rolling stock contract] ''[[Railway Gazette International]]'' 22 January 2016; Retrieved 27 January 2016</ref>

Network Rail upgraded the track and signalling infrastructure on the Calder Valley line in October 2018.  This saw the [[signal box]] at Mill Lane Junction closed (along with those at Halifax, Milner Royd Junction and Hebden Bridge), new signals installed and route control passed to the [[Rail Operating Centre]] at {{rws|York}}.  The same scheme has also seen track and line speed improvements carried out, in order to reduce journey times to Manchester and Preston.<ref>[https://www.networkrail.co.uk/running-the-railway/our-routes/lne-and-em/calder-valley/ Railway Upgrade plan – Calder Valley] ''Network Rail Media Centre''; Retrieved 10 August 2017</ref>

Network Rail and Transport for North are currently working on plans for a high-speed rail stop in Bradford either in the city centre or a parkway station. This has been campaign as part of the Northern Powerhouse Rail Project.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/15071490.exclusive-underground-station-could-bring-high-speed-rail-to-bradford-city-centre/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Underground station could bring high-speed rail to Bradford city centre|website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref>

In March 2021, as part of the [[Northern Powerhouse Rail]] scheme it was announced that should the Government back the route via Bradford, that a [[Bradford St James railway station|new station would be built]] at St James's Market to replace the existing Bradford Interchange.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thebusinessdesk.com/yorkshire/news/2072579-plans-revealed-for-new-northern-powerhouse-railway-station|title= Plans revealed for new Northern Powerhouse railway station|date= 22 March 2021|access-date=22 March 2021}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bradford Crossrail]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{stn art lrnk|BDI|BD11JY}}
*[http://www.disused-stations.org.uk/b/bradford_exchange/index.shtml Disused Stations: Bradford Exchange]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170703214626/http://www.wymetro.com/BusTravel/BusStationsAndStops/BradfordInterchange/ Metro: Bradford Interchange]
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100417012111/http://www.yfaonline.com/assetDetails.cfm?film=3382&keyword=&sortby=&theme=8&by=theme&caseValue=theme&start=1&fromSearchValue=fromBrowseBy 8 o'clock special with a view of the Bradford Exchange 10 years before its closure]}}

{{s-rail-start|noclear=yes}}
{{s-rail|title=National Rail}}
{{rail line two to one|previous1=[[Low Moor railway station|Low Moor]] |previous2=[[Halifax railway station (England)|Halifax]] |next=[[New Pudsey railway station|New Pudsey]] |route=[[Northern (train operating company)|Northern]]<br /><small>[[Caldervale Line]]</small> |col={{Northern colour}} }}
{{s-rail-national|previous=Low Moor|toc=Grand Central|route=[[Caldervale Line]]}}
{{Disused Rail Insert}}
{{rail line|previous= [[Bowling Junction railway station (West Yorkshire)|Bowling Junction]]|next=[[St Dunstans railway station|St Dunstans]]|route=[[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway|L&Y]] |col={{LYR colour}} }}
{{s-note|text=Future services}}
{{rail line|previous={{rws|Manchester Piccadilly}}|next=[[Leeds railway station|Leeds]]|route=TBA<br /><small>[[Northern Powerhouse Rail]]</small>|col={{temporary rail colour}} }}
{{s-end}}
{{navboxes |list1=

{{West Yorkshire bus stations}}
{{West Yorkshire railway stations}}
{{City of Bradford}}
{{Railway stations in the City of Bradford}}
{{Major railway stations in Great Britain}}
{{Railway stations served by Grand Central}}
{{Railway stations served by Northern Trains}}

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[[Category:Railway stations in Bradford]]
[[Category:DfT Category C1 stations]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Bradford]]
[[Category:Transport in Bradford]]
[[Category:Bus stations in West Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1973]]
[[Category:Railway stations opened by British Rail]]
[[Category:Railway stations served by Grand Central Railway]]
[[Category:Railway stations served by Northern]]