View source for Borotbists

{{Short description|1918–1920 political party in Ukraine}}
{{distinguish|Borbysts|Borotba}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox political party
| name             = Ukrainian Communist Party (Fighters)
| native_name      = Українська комуністична партія (боротьбистів)
| native_name_lang = uk
| colorcode        = red
| abbreviation     = <!-- official abbreviation or | abbr = -->
| leader           = [[Alexander Shumsky]]
| secretary        = [[Anton Prykhodko]]
| founded          = {{start date|1918|05|}}
| dissolved        = {{end date|1920|03|}}
| split            = [[Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party]]
| merged           = [[Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Ukraine]]
| headquarters     = [[Kyiv]]
| newspaper        = ''Borotba''
| membership       = 15,000
| ideology         = {{ubli|[[Communism]]|[[National communism]]|[[Ukrainian nationalism]]|[[Left-wing nationalism]]}}
| position         = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
| country          = Ukraine
}}

The '''Borotbists''' ({{langx|uk|боротьбисти|Borotbysty|''Fighters''}}) were a [[Left-wing nationalism|left-nationalist]] [[political party]] in [[Ukraine]] that existed from 1918 to 1920. It is not to be confused with its Russian affiliated counterparts – the Ukrainian Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries ([[Borbysts]]) and the [[Ukrainian Communist Party]] (Ukapists).

It arose in May 1918 after the split in the [[Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party]] on the basis of supporting the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet regime]] in Ukraine. The Borotbists are often associated with the Russian party of [[Left Socialist-Revolutionaries]] who in [[Ukraine]] also called themselves ''borotbists''.

In March 1919 it assumed the name '''Ukrainian Party of Socialist-Revolutionary-Borotbists (Communists)''' ({{langx|uk|Українська партія соціалістів-революціонерів-боротьбістів (комуністів)}}, {{lang|uk-latn|Ukrayins'ka partiya sotsialistiv-revolyutsioneriv-borot'bistiv (komunistiv)}}), and in August the same year the name was changed to '''Ukrainian Communist Party (Borotbists)''' ({{langx|uk|Українська комуністична партія (боротьбистів)|translit=Ukrayinska komunistychna partiya (borotbistiv)|link=no}}). Its leaders, among others, were [[Vasyl Ellan-Blakytny]], [[Hryhoriy Hrynko]], [[Ivan Maistrenko]] and [[Alexander Shumsky|Oleksander Shumsky]].<ref>[[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin, V. I.]] ([1920] 1945). [http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/feb/06b.htm "Draft Resolution on the Ukrainian Borotbist Party"]. Marxists Internet Archive.</ref>

The Borotbists twice applied to the Executive Committee of the [[Communist International]] to be allowed to affiliate with the Communist International. On 26 February 1920, the Communist International by a special decision called on the Borotbists to dissolve their party and merge with the [[Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)|Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine]], the CP(b)U.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}

At the Borotbists' conference in the middle of March 1920, a decision was passed to dissolve the party. A decision to admit the Borotbists to membership of the CP(b)U was adopted at the Fourth All-Ukraine Conference of the CP(b)U, which was held in [[Kharkiv]] on 17–23 March.<ref>Lenin, V. I. ([1920] 1933). [http://marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/mar/16b.htm "Telegram to the presidium of the All-Ukraine Conference of borotbists"]. Marxists Internet Archive.</ref><ref>Lenin, V. I. ([1920] 1965). [http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/mar/24.htm "Telephone message to J. V. Stalin"]. Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> After the dissolution, many Borotbists joined the [[Ukrainian Communist Party]] (Ukapists), rather than the Bolshevik party which was more closely tied to Moscow.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jTghoDgDxkYC&dq=Azeri+Hummet&pg=PA214 |title=Muslim National Communism in the Soviet Union: A Revolutionary Strategy for the Colonial World |first1=Alexandre |last1=Bennigsen |author1-link=Alexandre Bennigsen |first2=S. Enders |last2=Wimbush |year=1980 |publisher=University of Chicago Press}}</ref>

After 1920 the history of the Borotbists took the form of a struggle between the two trends: the centralist Russophile element, and the 'universal current' of Ukrainian communists.

Ukrainization heralded an unprecedented national renaissance in the 1920s. The Ukrainian communists, including prominent ex-Borotbisty, carried forward Ukrainization, a "weapon of cultural revolution in Ukraine". Ukrainization meant efforts to assert autonomy and counter ascendant [[Stalinism]]. Stalinist centralism and its partner Russian nationalism destroyed senses of equality between the republics. The Ukrainian communists and intelligentsia were annihilated. The Borotbist "co-founders of the Ukrainian SSR" were amongst the last remnants of opposition purged under the guise of the destruction of the fake "Borotbist Center" in 1936. They were still being subjected to official attack in 1938.<ref>{{cite web |first=Chris |last=Ford |title=The unknown revolution: Ukraine 1917–21|work=The Commune|date=23 February 2010|url=http://thecommune.co.uk/2010/02/23/the-unknown-revolution-ukraine-1917-21/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019025009/http://thecommune.co.uk/2010/02/23/the-unknown-revolution-ukraine-1917-21/|archive-date=2011-10-19}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book|last=Maistrenko|first=Ivan|year=2019|orig-date=1954|title=Borot'bism: A Chapter in the History of the Ukrainian Revolution|location=[[Stuttgart]]|publisher=ibidem-Verlag|isbn=978-3-8382-7097-5|issn=1614-3515}}

{{Politics in (current) Ukraine between 1917 and 1920}}
{{Left-wing parties in Ukraine}}

[[Category:Borotbists| ]]
[[Category:1918 establishments in Ukraine]]
[[Category:1920 disestablishments in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Defunct communist parties in Ukraine]]
[[Category:National communism in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Nationalist parties in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 1920]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1918]]
[[Category:Political parties in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Political parties of the Russian Revolution]]
[[Category:Russian Revolution in Ukraine]]