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{{Short description|Research library of the University of Oxford}}
{{Distinguish|text=the [[Bodleian Libraries]], the library group of which the Bodleian is a member}}
{{Use Oxford spelling|date=July 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox library
| library_name = Bodleian Library
| name_en = 
| library_logo = 
| image = Bibliotheca_Bodleiana.jpg
| caption = Bodleian Library
| country = United Kingdom
| type = [[Academic library]]
| scope = 
| established = {{start date and age|1602}}
| ref_legal_mandate = 
| location = [[Broad Street, Oxford|Broad Street]], [[Oxford]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|51|45|14|N|1|15|16|W|region:GB-ENG_type:landmark|display=title,inline}}
| branch_of = 
| num_branches = 
| items_collected = [[Book]]s, [[academic journal|journals]], [[newspaper]]s, [[magazine]]s, [[Sound recording|sound and music recordings]], [[map]]s, [[Printmaking|prints]], [[drawing]]s and [[manuscript]]s
| collection_size = 13M+<ref name=Size>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/about/history|title=Bodleian Libraries – About us|work=ox.ac.uk|access-date=24 February 2021}}</ref>
| criteria = 
| legal_deposit = Included in the [[Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003]]
| req_to_access = Old Schools Quadrangle, [[Divinity School, Oxford|Divinity School]], Exhibition Room and Bodleian Library Gift Shop open to the public
| annual_circulation = 
| pop_served = 
| members = Students and fellows of [[University of Oxford]]
| budget = 
| director = [[Richard Ovenden]]
| num_employees = 
| website = {{URL|https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/bodley|bodleian.ox.ac.uk/bodley}}
}}

The '''Bodleian Library''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɒ|d|l|i|ən|,_|b|ɒ|d|ˈ|l|iː|ən}}) is the main [[research library]] of the [[University of Oxford]]. Founded in 1602 by Sir [[Thomas Bodley]], it is one of the oldest libraries in [[Europe]]. With over 13&nbsp;million printed items,<ref name="Size"/> it is the second-largest library in Britain after the [[British Library]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Murray|first=Stuart|title=The Library: An Illustrated History|publisher=Skyhorse|year=2009|isbn=978-0-8389-0991-1|location=New York|pages=208}}</ref> Under the [[Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003]], it is one of six [[legal deposit]] libraries for works published in the United Kingdom,<ref>Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.llgc.org.uk/aldl/|title=Agency for the Legal Deposit Libraries|work=llgc.org.uk}}</ref> and under Irish law it is entitled to request a copy of each book published in the Republic of Ireland.<ref>S198(5) Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000</ref> Known to Oxford scholars as "Bodley" or "the Bod", it operates principally as a [[reference library]] and, in general, documents may not be removed from the reading rooms.

In 2000, a number of libraries within the University of Oxford were brought together for administrative purposes under the aegis of what was initially known as Oxford University Library Services (OULS), and since 2010 as the [[Bodleian Libraries]], of which the Bodleian Library is the largest component.

All [[colleges of the University of Oxford]] have their own libraries, which in a number of cases were established well before the foundation of the Bodleian, and all of which remain entirely independent of the Bodleian. They do, however, participate in SOLO (Search Oxford Libraries Online), the Bodleian Libraries' online [[union catalog]]ue, except for [[University College, Oxford|University College]], which has an independent catalogue. Much of the library's archives were digitized and put online for public access in 2015.<ref>Jonathan Jones, [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/aug/08/bodleian-library-oxford-archive-online-illumination-for-all-democratic Oxford's online Bodleian archive: illumination for all], The Guardian, 8 August 2015.</ref>

==Sites and regulations==
The Bodleian Library occupies a group of five buildings near [[Broad Street, Oxford|Broad Street]]: the 15th-century [[Duke Humfrey's Library]], the 17th-century Schools Quadrangle, the 18th-century [[Clarendon Building]] and [[Radcliffe Camera]], and the 20th- and 21st-century [[Weston Library]]. Since the 19th century, underground stores have been constructed, while the principal off-site storage area is located at [[South Marston]] on the edge of [[Swindon]].

===Admission===
[[File:Bodleian Library entrance, Oxford.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|Door to the Bodleian's main entrance, with the coats of arms of several Oxford colleges]]
Before being granted access to the library, new readers are required to agree to a formal declaration. This declaration was traditionally an oral oath, but is now usually made by signing a letter to a similar effect. Ceremonies in which readers recite the declaration are still performed for those who wish to take them; these occur primarily at the start of the university's [[Michaelmas term]]. External readers (those not attached to the university) are still required to recite the declaration orally prior to admission. The Bodleian Admissions Office has amassed a large collection of translations of the declaration—covering over one hundred different languages as of spring 2017<ref name=Twitter>{{Cite tweet |user=bodleianlibs |author=Bodleian Libraries |number=852527378215694336 |date = 13 April 2017 |title=We have translated the Bodleian oath into more than one hundred languages. Readers make the pledge in their mother tongue.}}</ref>—allowing those who are not native English speakers to recite it in their first language. The English text of the declaration is as follows:
{{blockquote|I hereby undertake not to remove from the Library, nor to mark, deface, or injure in any way, any volume, document or other object belonging to it or in its custody; not to bring into the Library, or kindle therein, any fire or flame, and not to smoke in the Library; and I promise to obey all rules of the Library.}}

This is a translation of the traditional Latin oath (the original version of which did not forbid tobacco smoking, though libraries were then unheated because fires were so hazardous):
{{blockquote|{{lang|la|Do fidem me nullum librum vel instrumentum aliamve quam rem ad bibliothecam pertinentem, vel ibi custodiae causa depositam, aut e bibliotheca sublaturum esse, aut foedaturum deformaturum aliove quo modo laesurum; item neque ignem nec flammam in bibliothecam inlaturum vel in ea accensurum, neque fumo nicotiano aliove quovis ibi usurum; item promitto me omnes leges ad bibliothecam Bodleianam attinentes semper observaturum esse.}}}}

{{stack|
[[File:The old Divinity Schools and Duke Humphrey’s Library at Oxford.jpg|upright=1.0|thumb|The library in 1566, drawn by John Bereblock and given to Queen Elizabeth I as part of a book when she first visited Oxford<ref>{{cite book|last=Clapinson|first=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library.|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|page=6|chapter=The Early Years}}</ref>]]
[[File:bodleiandoorway1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|Doorway to the Schola Moralis Philosophiae (School of Moral Philosophy) at the Bodleian Library (now the staff entrance in the Schools Quadrangle)]]
[[File:Oxford - Bodleian Library 1602 - Old School Quadrangle - Statue of William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1580-1630) by Hubert Le Sueur 03 - Tower of the Five Orders of Architecture (Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Composite) 1613.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|The Tower of the Five Orders, as viewed from the entrance to the [[Divinity School, Oxford|Divinity School]]]]
[[File:Bodleian from Radcliffe Square.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|The Library seen from [[Radcliffe Square]]]]
[[File:Oxford - Bodleian Library 1602 - Old School Quadrangle - Statue of William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1580-1630) by Hubert Le Sueur 05.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|The courtyard of the Bodleian Library looking to the north entrance]]
}}

==History==
===14th and 15th centuries===

Whilst the Bodleian Library, in its current incarnation, has a continuous history dating back to 1602, its roots date back even further. The first purpose-built library known to have existed in Oxford was founded in the 14th century under the will of [[Thomas Cobham]], [[Bishop of Worcester]] (d. 1327). This small collection of [[chained library|chained books]] was situated above the north side of the [[University Church of St Mary the Virgin]] on the High Street.<ref>Philip, Ian (1983) ''The Bodleian Library in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries''. Oxford: Clarendon Press {{ISBN|0-19-822484-2}}; p. 5</ref><ref>''The Bodleian Library''. London: Jarrold & Sons, 1976 {{ISBN|0-900177-62-4}}.</ref> This collection continued to grow steadily, but when [[Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester]] (brother of [[Henry V of England]]) donated a great collection of manuscripts between 1435 and 1437, the space was deemed insufficient and a larger building was required. A suitable room was finally built above the [[Divinity School, Oxford|Divinity School]], and completed in 1488. This room continues to be known as [[Duke Humfrey's Library]].<ref name="Jarrold 1976">''The Bodleian Library'' 1976. See also Bodleian history page at https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/bodley/about-us/history</ref> After 1488, the university stopped spending money on the library's upkeep and acquisitions, and manuscripts began to go unreturned to the library.<ref name="autogenerated5">{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library.|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|pages=5–7|chapter=The Early Years}}</ref>

===Sir Thomas Bodley and the re-founding of the University Library===
The library went through a period of decline in the late 16th century: the library's furniture was sold, and only three of the original books belonging to Duke Humphrey remained in the collection.<ref name="Jarrold 1976"/> During the reign of [[Edward VI]], there was a purge of "superstitious" (Catholic-related) manuscripts.<ref name="autogenerated5"/> 

It was not until 1598 that the library began to thrive once more,<ref name="Philip, Ian 1983; p. 1">Philip, Ian (1983); p. 1</ref> when [[Thomas Bodley]] wrote to the Vice Chancellor of the university offering to support the development of the library: "where there hath bin hertofore a publike library in Oxford: which you know is apparent by the rome it self remayning, and by your statute records I will take the charge and cost upon me, to reduce it again to his former use."<ref name="Philip, Ian 1983; p. 1"/> 

Bodley was a former fellow of [[Merton College, Oxford|Merton College]], who had recently married a wealthy widow,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library.|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|pages=1–4|chapter=The Early Years}}</ref> and the son of John Bodley (d. 15 Oct. 1591) a [[Protestant]] merchant who chose foreign exile rather than staying in England under the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] government of Queen [[Mary I of England|Mary]], and was thereby involved in [[Rowland Hill (MP)|Rowland Hill's]] publication of the [[Geneva Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Shillingford, John Bodley, and Thomas Bodley blue plaque |url=https://openplaques.org/plaques/50444 |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=openplaques.org |language=en-GB}}</ref>

Six of the Oxford University dons were tasked with helping Bodley in refitting the library in March 1598.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Beddard |first1=R. A. |author-link=Robert Beddard |title=The Official Inauguration of the Bodleian Library on 8 November 1602 |journal=[[Bibliographical Society|The Library]] |date=2002 |volume=3|issue=3|pages=255–283 |doi=10.1093/library/3.3.255}}</ref> Duke Humfrey's Library was refitted, and Bodley donated some of his own books to furnish it. The library was formally re-opened on 8 November 1602 under the name "Bodleian Library" (officially Bodley's Library).<ref name="Jarrold 1976"/> There were around 2,000 books in the library at this time, with an ornate Benefactor's Register displayed prominently, to encourage donations. Early benefactors were motivated by the recent memory of the [[Reformation]] to donate books in the hopes that they would be kept safe.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library |date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|pages=9–11|chapter=The Early Years}}</ref>

Bodley's collecting interests were varied; according to the library's historian Ian Philip, as early as June 1603 he was attempting to source manuscripts from Turkey, and it was during "the same year that the first Chinese book was acquired",<ref>Philip, Ian (1983); p. 19</ref> despite no-one at Oxford being able to understand them at that time.<ref name="autogenerated14">{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|page=14|chapter=The Early Years}}</ref> In 1605, [[Francis Bacon]] gave the library a copy of ''[[The Advancement of Learning]]'' and described the Bodleian as "an Ark to save learning from deluge".<ref>{{cite web|title=Novum organum (New Instrument)|url=https://genius.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/exhibits/browse/novum-organum-new-instrument/|website=Marks of Genius|publisher=Bodleian Library|access-date=11 March 2017|archive-date=18 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118154715/http://genius.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/exhibits/browse/novum-organum-new-instrument/|url-status=dead}}</ref> At this time, there were few books written in English held in the library, partially because academic work was not done in English.<ref name="autogenerated14"/> [[Thomas James]] suggested that Bodley should ask the [[Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers|Stationers' Company]] to provide a copy of all books printed to the Bodleian<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library.|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|page=15|chapter=The Early Years}}</ref> and in 1610 Bodley made an agreement with the company to put a copy of every book registered with them in the library.<ref name=Jackson1969>{{cite journal|last1=Jackson|first1=Sidney L.|title=Bodley and the Bodleian: Collections, Use and Administration|journal=[[The Library Quarterly|The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy]]|date=1 January 1969|volume=39|issue=3|pages=253–270|jstor=4305998|doi=10.1086/619766|s2cid=145797787}}</ref> The Bodleian collection grew so fast that the building was expanded between 1610 and 1612 (known as the Arts End),<ref name=Jackson1969/> and again in 1634–1637. When [[John Selden]] died in 1654, he left the Bodleian his large collection of books and manuscripts. The later addition to Duke Humfrey's Library continues to be known as the "Selden End".

By 1620, 16,000 items were in the Bodleian's collection.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Davis|first1=D. G.|title=Problems in the Life of a University Librarian: Thomas James, 1600–1620|journal=[[College & Research Libraries]]|date=1 January 1970|volume=31|issue=1|pages=43–49|doi=10.5860/crl_31_01_43|doi-access=free|hdl=2142/38489|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Anyone who wanted to use the Bodleian had to buy a copy of the 1620 library catalogue at a cost of 2 shillings and 8 pence.<ref name=Jackson1969/>

===Schools Quadrangle and Tower of the Five Orders===
By the time of Bodley's death in 1613, his planned further expansion to the library was just starting.<ref name="library-history">{{cite web|title=History of the Bodleian|url=http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/about/history|website=Bodleian Libraries|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> The Schools Quadrangle (sometimes referred to as the "Old Schools Quadrangle", or the "Old Library") was built between 1613 and 1619 by adding three wings to the Proscholium and Arts End. Its tower forms the main entrance to the library, and is known as the '''Tower of the Five Orders'''. The Tower is so named because it is ornamented, in ascending order, with the columns of each of the five orders of [[classical architecture]]: [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]], [[Doric order|Doric]], [[Ionic order|Ionic]], [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] and [[Composite order|Composite]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cole|first1=Catherine|title=The Building of the Tower of Five Orders in the Schools' Quadrangle at Oxford|url=http://oxoniensia.org/volumes/1968/cole.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://oxoniensia.org/volumes/1968/cole.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|journal=Oxoniensia |volume=23 |pages=92–107 |date=1968|access-date=7 November 2017}} {{open access}}</ref>

The three wings of the quadrangle have three floors: rooms on the ground and upper floors of the quadrangle (excluding [[Duke Humfrey's Library]], above the [[Divinity School, Oxford|Divinity School]]) were originally used as lecture space and an art gallery. The lecture rooms are still indicated by the inscriptions over the doors (see illustration). As the library's collections expanded, these rooms were gradually taken over, the university lectures and examinations were moved into the newly created University Schools building.<ref name="library-history"/> The art collection was transferred to the [[Ashmolean]]. One of the schools was used to host exhibitions of the library's treasures, now moved to the renovated Weston Library, whilst the others are used as offices and meeting rooms for the library administrators, a readers' common room, and a small gift shop.

[[File:Architectural Study (Old Schools Hall, Oxford) LACMA M.2008.40.905.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.0|The Tower of the Five Orders photographed by [[Henry Fox Talbot]], {{Circa|1843/46}}]]
[[File:Radcliffe Camera, Oxford - Oct 2006.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|left|The [[Radcliffe Camera]], viewed from the University Church]]

===Later 17th and 18th centuries===
The agreement with the Stationers' Company meant that the growth of stock was constant and there were also a number of large bequests and acquisitions for other reasons. Until the establishment of the [[British Museum]] in 1753, the Bodleian was effectively the national library of England. By then the Bodleian, [[Cambridge University Library]] and the Royal Library were the most extensive book collections in England and Wales.

The astronomer [[Thomas Hornsby]] observed the [[transit of Venus]] from the Tower of the Five Orders in 1769.<ref>University of Oxford: Museum of the History of Science, [http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/venus/html/exhibition/oxford-observations.htm "The most noble problem in nature: the transit of Venus in the eighteenth century"] online catalogue of an exhibition held in 2004</ref>

The library was significantly supplied by the Strasbourg company {{ill|Treuttel & Würtz|de}}.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Haß |first=Annika |url=https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/catalog/download/817/1349/110228 |title=Europäischer Buchmarkt und Gelehrtenrepublik: Die transnationale Verlagsbuchhandlung Treuttel & Würtz, 1750–1850 |date=2023-08-10 |publisher=Heidelberg University Publishing |isbn=978-3-96822-073-4 |language=de |doi=10.17885/heiup.817}}</ref> A large collection of medieval Italian manuscripts was bought from Matteo Luigi Canonici in 1817.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston/finding-resources/guides/medieval |title=Weston Library &#124; Classical & Medieval MSS |publisher=Bodleian.ox.ac.uk |access-date=12 March 2017}}</ref> In 1829, the library bought the collection of Rabbi [[David Oppenheim (rabbi)|David Oppenheim]], adding to its Hebrew collection.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston/finding-resources/guides/hebrew |title=Weston Library &#124; Hebraica, Judaica & Semitics |publisher=Bodleian.ox.ac.uk |access-date=12 March 2017}}</ref>

===Radcliffe Camera===
By the late 19th century, further growth of the library demanded more expansion space. In 1860, the library was allowed to take over the adjacent building, the [[Radcliffe Camera]]. In 1861, the library's medical and scientific collections were transferred to the [[Radcliffe Science Library]], which had been built farther north next to the [[Oxford University Museum of Natural History|University Museum]].

===Clarendon Building===
The [[Clarendon Building]] was designed by [[Nicholas Hawksmoor]] and built between 1711 and 1715, originally to house the printing presses of the [[Oxford University Press]]. It was vacated by the Press in the early 19th century, and used by the university for administrative purposes. In 1975, it was handed over to the Bodleian Library, and now provides office and meeting space for senior members of staff.<ref>Jenkins, S. [http://www.oxfordhistory.org.uk/broad/buildings/south/clarendon.html "Clarendon Building"]. Accessed 9 October 2013.</ref>

===20th century and after===
[[File:Bodleian Library and nearby buildings.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|The [[Radcliffe Camera]] and the [[University Church of St Mary the Virgin]] in 2016]]
In 1907, the head librarian, Nicholson, had begun a project to revise the catalogue of printed books.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library.|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|page=126|chapter=A new century and a New Bodleian}}</ref> In 1909, the prime minister of Nepal, [[Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana|Chandra Shum Shere]], donated a large collection of [[Sanskrit literature]] to the library.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston/finding-resources/guides/southasia |title=Weston Library &#124; South & Inner Asia |publisher=Bodleian.ox.ac.uk |access-date=12 March 2017}}</ref>

In 1911, the [[Copyright Act 1911|Copyright Act]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo5/1-2/46/contents |title=Copyright Act 1911 |publisher=legislation.gov.uk |access-date=11 March 2017}}</ref> (now superseded by the [[Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003]]) continued the Stationers' agreement by making the Bodleian one of the six (at that time) libraries covering [[legal deposit]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] where a copy of each published book must be deposited.

Between 1909 and 1912, an underground [[bookstack]] was constructed beneath the [[Radcliffe Camera]] and [[Radcliffe Square]], known since 2011 as the [[Gladstone Link]].<ref name="exhibition-proposals">Oxford University Library Services: [http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/_OULS_admin/?a=11910 "A university library for the 21st century: an exhibition of proposals by the Oxford University Library Services (OULS)"], (University of Oxford, 2005), accessed 2 April 2015 [https://web.archive.org/web/20131012074855/http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk:80/_OULS_admin/?a=11910 archived].</ref><ref name="gladstone">{{citation |title=Project Information: Gladstone Link (previously Underground Bookstore) |url=http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/about/buildings/underground-bookstore/details |access-date=13 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110618193107/http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/about/buildings/underground-bookstore/details |archive-date=18 June 2011 |url-status=dead |publisher=Bodleian Libraries}}</ref> In 1914, the total number of books in the library's collections exceeded 1&nbsp;million.<ref name="exhibition-proposals"/> By 1915, only one quarter of the revised catalogue had been completed, a task made more difficult by library staff going into the [[History of the United Kingdom during the First World War|war effort]], either serving in the armed forces or volunteering to serve in the hospitals. In July 1915, the most valuable books had been moved into a secret location due to a fear that Oxford would be bombed, and a volunteer fire brigade was trained and ready, but Oxford escaped the [[First World War]] without being bombed.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clapinson|first1=Mary|title=A Brief History of the Bodleian Library|date=2015|publisher=University of Oxford|location=Oxford, London|isbn=978-1-85124-273-3|pages=126–128|chapter=A new century and a New Bodleian}}</ref> By the 1920s, the Library needed further expansion space, and in 1937 building work began on the New Bodleian building, opposite the [[Clarendon Building]] on the northeast corner of [[Broad Street, Oxford|Broad Street]].

The New Bodleian was designed by architect [[Sir Giles Gilbert Scott]]. Construction was completed in 1940. The building was of an innovative [[ziggurat]] design, with 60% of the bookstack below ground level.<ref>{{citation |title=A university library for the twenty-first century: a report to Congregation by the Curators of the University Libraries |journal=Oxford University Gazette |publisher=University of Oxford |date=22 September 2005 |volume=4743 |url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/2005-6/supps/1_4743.htm |access-date=14 February 2012 |archive-date=2 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902222824/http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/2005-6/supps/1_4743.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Craster, H. H. E. (1941). "The Bodleian Library Extension Scheme". In ''[[Bulletin of the John Rylands Library]]'', vol. 25, pp. 83–96</ref> A tunnel under Broad Street connects the Old and New Bodleian buildings, and contains a pedestrian walkway, a mechanical book conveyor and a pneumatic [[Lamson tube]] system which was used for book orders until an electronic automated stack request system was introduced in 2002.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sers.ox.ac.uk/aboutsers.html |title=University of Oxford Systems and Electronic Resources Service|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127232123/http://www.sers.ox.ac.uk/aboutsers.html |archive-date=27 January 2007 |access-date=10 February 2007}}</ref> The [[Lamson tube]] system continued to be used by readers requesting manuscripts to be delivered to Duke Humfrey's Library until it was turned off in July 2009. In 2010, it was announced that the conveyor, which had been transporting books under Broad Street since the 1940s, would be shut down and dismantled on 20 August 2010.<ref name="gladstone"/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cherwell.org/content/10582 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120722190102/http://www.cherwell.org/content/10582 |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 July 2012 |newspaper=Cherwell.org |title=Radical revamp approved by Council |first=Sophie |last=Core |date=17 August 2010 }}</ref> The New Bodleian closed on 29 July 2011 prior to rebuilding.<ref name="Weston Timeline">{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/our-work/estates-projects/weston/timeline|title=Timeline|publisher=bodleian.ox.ac.uk|access-date=21 November 2018}}</ref>

===Present and future of the libraries===
[[File:New Bodleian Library.JPG|thumb|The New Bodleian Library (now the Weston Library)]]
The New Bodleian building was rebuilt behind its original façade to provide improved storage facilities for rare and fragile material, as well as better facilities for readers and visitors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ouls.ox.ac.uk/buildings |title=Buildings Update |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907022509/http://www.ouls.ox.ac.uk/buildings |archive-date=7 September 2007 |access-date=10 February 2007|publisher=Oxford University Library Services}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ouls.ox.ac.uk/about/buildings/new_bodleian |title=New Bodleian (the Weston Library) |publisher=Bodleian Libraries|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907162425/http://www.ouls.ox.ac.uk/about/buildings/new_bodleian |archive-date=7 September 2012 |access-date=28 December 2009}}</ref> The new building concept was designed by [[WilkinsonEyre]] and the MEP{{clarify|date=February 2024}} design was undertaken by engineering consultancy [[Hurley Palmer Flatt]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ljeh |first1=Ike |date=7 April 2015 |title=Bodleian library: The new edition |url=http://www.bdonline.co.uk/bodleian-library-the-new-edition/5074741.article |work=bdonline.co.uk}}</ref> It reopened to readers as the [[Weston Library]] on 21 March 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Weston Library opens to academics after £80m revamp|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-oxfordshire-29384945|work=BBC News|location=Oxford|date=29 September 2014|access-date=1 October 2014}}</ref> In March 2010, the group of libraries known collectively as "Oxford University Library Services" was renamed "[[Bodleian Libraries|The Bodleian Libraries]]", thus allowing those Oxford members outside the Bodleian to acquire the gloss of the Bodleian brand.{{clarify|date=February 2024}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/notices/2010_mar_02|publisher=Bodleian Libraries |title=OULS changes name to BODLEIAN LIBRARIES|work=ox.ac.uk}}</ref> The building was nominated for the 2016 [[Stirling Prize|Sterling Prize]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mills|first1=Eleanor|title=RIBA announces Stirling Prize Shortlist|url=https://www.museumsassociation.org/museums-journal/news/20072016-riba-announces-stirling-shortlist|work=Museums Association|date=20 July 2016}}</ref>

In November 2015, its collections topped 12&nbsp;million items with the acquisition of [[Percy Bysshe Shelley|Shelley's]] "[[Poetical Essay on the Existing State of Things]]". Thought lost from shortly after its publication in 1811 until a copy was rediscovered in a private collection in 2006, the Bodleian has digitised the 20-page pamphlet for online access. The controversial poem and accompanying essay are believed to have contributed to the poet being sent down from [[Oxford University]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Flood |first=Alison |date=10 November 2015 |title=Lost Shelley poem execrating 'rank corruption' of ruling class made public |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/nov/10/lost-shelley-poem-execrating-rruling-class-public-poetical-essay-on-the-existing-state-of-things |access-date=18 November 2015 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Furness |first=Hannah |title='Lost' Shelley poem which helped get him expelled from Oxford to be seen at last |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/11986952/Lost-Shelley-poem-which-helped-get-him-expelled-from-Oxford-to-be-seen-at-last.html |archive-date= |access-date=15 January 2025 |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 November 2015 |title=Percy Bysshe Shelley's lost poem acquired by Oxford University |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-berkshire-34777871 |access-date=18 November 2015 |website=[[BBC News]] |ref={{harvid|BBC News|2015}}}}</ref>

==Copying and preservation of material==
[[File:Bibliotheksstempel Bodleiana.jpg|right|thumb|[[Bookplate|Ex libris]] stamp of Bodleian Library, circa 1830.]]
The library operates a strict policy on copying of material. Until fairly recently, personal photocopying of library material was not permitted, as there was concern that copying and excessive handling would result in damage. However, individuals may now copy most material produced after 1900, and a staff-mediated service is provided for certain types of material dated between 1801 and 1900. Handheld scanners and digital cameras are also permitted for use on most post-1900 publications and digital cameras may also be used, with permission, with older material.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/using/copy/copying |title=Photocopying, Printing and Scanning |publisher=Bodleian Libraries |access-date=7 February 2019}}</ref> The Library will supply digital scans of most pre-1801 material. [[Microform]] copies have been made of many of the most fragile items in the library's collection, and these are substituted for the originals whenever possible. The library publishes digital images of objects in its collection through its [https://digital.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/ Digital Bodleian]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://digital.bodleian.ox.ac.uk |title=Digital Bodleian |publisher=Bodleian Libraries |access-date=8 October 2019 }}</ref> service.

==Treasures of the library==
{{more citations needed|section|date=November 2018}}<!--most entries not cited-->
[[File:Divinity School Interior 2, Bodleian Library, Oxford, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|right|Divinity School interior]]
[[File:Duke Humfrey's Library Interior 5, Bodleian Library, Oxford, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|right|Duke Humfrey's Library interior]]
===Manuscript collections===
* The Ashmole Manuscripts (including the [[Ashmole Bestiary]]), collected by [[Elias Ashmole]]
* The [[Cairo Geniza]] collection<ref>{{Cite web |title=About - Genizah Fragments |url=https://genizah.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/about |access-date=2025-07-30 |website=genizah.bodleian.ox.ac.uk}}</ref>
* The [[Carte Manuscripts]], collected by [[Thomas Carte]] (1686–1754)
* The Douce Manuscripts, donated to the library by [[Francis Douce]] in 1834
* The Laud Manuscripts, donated to the library by [[William Laud|Archbishop William Laud]] between 1635 and 1640
* The letters of the poet [[Percy Bysshe Shelley]]
* The [[Drower Collection]] (DC), donated by [[E. S. Drower]], is the world's most extensive collection of [[list of Mandaean scriptures|Mandaean manuscripts]].<ref name="Archives Hub">[https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/7e0b27da-329f-3ac3-9664-7c70398be5c1 Mandaean manuscripts given by Lady Ethel May Stefana Drower]. Archives Hub.</ref>

===Individual manuscripts===
* [[Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein, BWV 128]] cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach
* [[Abingdon Abbey|Abingdon Missal]], illuminated manuscript produced at [[Abingdon Abbey]] (15th century)
* [[Ashmole Bestiary]], English illuminated manuscript [[Bestiary]] with allegorical descriptions of over 100 animals (12th century)
* [[Bakhshali manuscript]], [[Bower Manuscript]] and [[Weber Manuscript]] of ancient Sanskrit texts (4th–6th centuries)
* [[Bruce Codex]], [[Coptic language|Coptic]] manuscript, one of three surviving codices containing full copies of all of the gnostic writings (6th century)
* [[Bujangga Manik]], early [[palm-leaf manuscript]] of [[Old Sundanese language|Old Sundanese literature]] from Java (15th century)
* [[Cædmon's Hymn]], a short Old English poem attributed to [[Cædmon]] (11th century)
* [[Codex Bodley]], important and rare [[precolumbian]] pictographic manuscript and example of Mixtec historiography (14th–15th centuries)
* [[Codex Ebnerianus]], [[Greek language]] [[illuminated manuscript]] of the [[New Testament]] (12th century)
* [[Codex Laudianus]], [[Greek language|Greek]] [[uncial]] [[manuscript]] of the [[New Testament]] (6th century)
* [[Codex Laud]], pictorial manuscript consisting of 24 leaves from Central Mexico (16th century)
* [[Codex Mendoza]], [[Aztec codices|Aztec codex]] containing a history of both the Aztec rulers and their conquest (16th century)
* [[Codex Selden]] [[precolumbian]] pictorial manuscript of Mixtec origin (16th century)
* [[Codex Tischendorfianus III]], Greek [[uncial]] [[manuscript]] of the [[Gospels]] named after [[Constantin von Tischendorf]] (9th–10th centuries)
* [[Codex Tischendorfianus IV]], Greek [[uncial]] [[manuscript]] of the [[Gospels]] (10th century)
* [[Book of Hours of Engelbert of Nassau]] illuminated by the [[Master of Mary of Burgundy]] for [[Engelbert II of Nassau]], Flanders (15th century)
* The [[Bodleian Library, MS Fairfax 16|Fairfax MS 16]], Middle English poetic anthology (15th century)
* [[Bodleian Library, MS Rawlinson B 502|Book of Glendalough]], one of the three major surviving Irish manuscripts from pre-Norman Ireland (12th century)
* [[Hebban olla vogala]], long considered to be the only example of [[Old Dutch]] in existence (12th century)
* Four fragmented scrolls from the [[Herculaneum papyri]] that survived the [[Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD|Eruption of Mount Vesuvius]]
* The [[Huntington MS 17]], the oldest manuscript with complete text of the four Gospels in [[Coptic language|Bohairic]] (Coptic) (12th century)
* [[Annals of Inisfallen]], chronicle of the medieval history of [[Ireland]] (11th century)
* [[Kennicott Bible]], one of the most exquisite illuminated manuscripts in the [[Hebrew language]] from [[A Coruña]], Spain (15th century)
* [[Leofric Missal]], illuminated manuscript [[sacramentary]] from [[Lotharingia]] (10th–11th centuries)
* Hours of Louis Quarré, illuminated manuscript attributed to [[Alexander Bening]] (15th century)
* Ormesby Psalter, magnificent example of an English illuminated manuscript from [[Norwich]] (14th century)
* [[Peterborough Chronicle]], one of the [[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]s, originally held by the monks of [[Peterborough Abbey]] in [[Cambridgeshire]] (12th century)
* Illuminated Gospel Book of [[Saint Margaret of Scotland]] (11th century)
* [[Selden Roll]], Mexican manuscript painted roll from the [[Coixtlahuaca]] region (16th century)
* [[Magna Carta]], four of the seventeen extant copies (13th century)
* Oldest copy of the [[Rule of Saint Benedict]] (8th century)
* Astronomical manuscript copy of the [[Book of Fixed Stars]] (12th century)
* The [[Song of Roland]], single extant manuscript in [[Old French]] of the oldest surviving major work of [[French literature]] (12th century)
* Rushworth or MacRegol Gospels, Irish illuminated manuscript from [[Birr, County Offaly|Birr]], Co Offaly (9th century)
* The [[Vernon Manuscript]], the longest and most important surviving manuscript written in [[Middle English]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/schools/edacs/departments/english/research/projects/vernon/index.aspx|title=The Vernon Manuscript Project|publisher=University of Birmingham|access-date=11 May 2012|archive-date=23 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223074201/http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/schools/edacs/departments/english/research/projects/vernon/index.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.evellum.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64:the-vernon-manuscript&catid=36:bodleian-digital-texts-series|title=Digital facsimile edition, October 2009|publisher=EVellum|access-date=11 May 2012|archive-date=23 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223082346/http://www.evellum.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64:the-vernon-manuscript&catid=36:bodleian-digital-texts-series|url-status=dead}}</ref> (15th century)
* [[Yongle Encyclopedia]], 19 volumes of the second edition of the encyclopedia commissioned by the [[Yongle Emperor]], containing the most important texts available at that time (16th century)

===Individual printed books===
* The first book printed in [[Arabic]] with [[moveable type]] (16th century) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston/finding-resources/guides/middleeast |title=Weston Library &#124; Middle East |publisher=Bodleian.ox.ac.uk |access-date=12 March 2017}}</ref>
* [[Bay Psalm Book]], One of eleven known surviving first-edition copies of the first book printed in [[British North America]], and the only copy outside the United States (1640)
* Rare copy of ''[[The Birds of America]]'' by [[John James Audubon]] (1827–1838)
* Rare first edition of ''[[Don Quixote]]'', the first modern novel (1604)
* A [[Gutenberg Bible]], one of only 21 surviving complete copies (1455)
* Shakespeare's [[First Folio]], collection of plays by [[William Shakespeare]] (1623)
* Earliest edition of the popular American song "[[Yankee Doodle]]" (after 1775)

===Other===
* [[Agincourt Carol]], manuscript of [[English folk song]] recounting the [[Battle of Agincourt]] (15th century)
* The [[Gough Map]], [[late-medieval]] [[map]] of the island of [[Great Britain]] (14th century)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston/finding-resources/guides/maps |title=Weston Library &#124; Maps |publisher=Bodleian.ox.ac.uk |date=12 February 2015 |access-date=12 March 2017}}</ref>
* [[Selden Carol Book]], medieval manuscript of English [[carol (music)|carols]] (15th century)
* Manuscripts of famous authors including [[Jane Austen]], [[Kenneth Grahame]] (including the original writing for ''[[Wind in the Willows]]''), [[Franz Kafka]], [[C. S. Lewis]], [[John le Carré]], [[Mary Shelley]] (including the famous novel ''[[Frankenstein]]''), [[Percy Shelley]], and [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]
* Archive of the German composer [[Felix Mendelssohn]] with many of his letters, drawings and music manuscripts, including [[The Hebrides (overture)|the Hebrides]] overture
* Autograph scores of famous composers including [[Beethoven]] (Eccosais and Trio in D for military band), Chopin ([[Ballade No. 4 (Chopin)|Ballade 4]]), [[Mozart]] (Allegro in G Minor for Piano) and Schubert ([[Sonata in C major for piano four-hands, D 812 (Schubert)|Sonata in C major for piano four-hands, D 812]])
* [[Shikshapatri]], religious text written in [[Sanskrit]] by [[Lord Swaminarayan|Swaminarayan]] (19th century)

==Bodley's Librarians==
{{Main|Bodley's Librarian}}
The head of the Bodleian Library is known as "Bodley's Librarian". The first librarian, [[Thomas James]], was selected by Bodley in 1599, and the university confirmed James in his post in 1602.<ref name=Victoria>{{cite book |editor1-first=H. E.|editor1-last=Salter |editor2-first=Mary D. |editor2-last=Lobel |title=A History of the County of Oxford Volume III&nbsp;– The University of Oxford|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=543|access-date=5 January 2010|pages=44–47 |series= [[Victoria County History]]|year=1954 |publisher=[[Institute of Historical Research]], [[University of London]]|isbn=978-0-7129-1064-4 |chapter=The Bodleian Library |chapter-url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=63865}}</ref><ref name=James>{{cite ODNB|first=R. Julian |last=Roberts |author-link=Julian Roberts |title=James, Thomas (1572/3–1629)|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14619|access-date=2 January 2010|url-access=subscription|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/14619 }}</ref> Bodley wanted his librarian to be "some one that is noted and known for a diligent Student, and in all his conversation to be trusty, active, and discreet, a graduate also and a Linguist, not encumbered with marriage, nor with a benefice of Cure",<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bodleian Library at Oxford |year=1919|last=Madan|first=Falconer|author-link=Falconer Madan|publisher=Duckworth & Co|url=https://archive.org/details/bodleianlibrarya00mada|page=[https://archive.org/details/bodleianlibrarya00mada/page/18 18]}}</ref> although James was able to persuade Bodley to let him get married and to become Rector of [[St Aldate's Church]], Oxford.<ref name=James/> James said of the Bodleian's collections, "The like Librarie is no where to be found."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Murray|first=Stuart|title=The Library: An Illustrated History|publisher=Skyhorse|year=2009|isbn=978-0-8389-0991-1|location=New York|pages=100}}</ref>

In all, 25 have served as Bodley's Librarian; their levels of diligence have varied over the years. [[Thomas Lockey]] (1660–1665) was regarded as not fit for the post,<ref>{{cite ODNB|first=E. T. |last=Bradley|author2=Ramsay, Nigel|title=Lockey, Thomas (1602?–1679)|year=2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/16898|access-date=2 January 2010|url-access=subscription|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/16898}}</ref> [[John Hudson (classicist)|John Hudson]] (1701–1719) has been described as "negligent if not incapable",<ref>{{cite ODNB|first=Theodor |last=Harmsen|title=Hudson, John (1662–1719)|year=2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14034|access-date=2 January 2010|url-access=subscription|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/14034}}</ref> and [[John Price (librarian)|John Price]] (1768–1813) was accused by a contemporary scholar of "a regular and constant neglect of his duty".<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=22757|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-22757|title=Price, John (1735–1813)|last=Vaisey|first=David|author-link=David Vaisey |access-date=4 January 2010|url-access=subscription|freearticle=y}}</ref>

[[Sarah Thomas (librarian)|Sarah Thomas]], who served from 2007 to 2013, was the first woman to hold the position, and the second librarian (after her predecessor, [[Reginald Carr (librarian)|Reginald Carr]]) also to be director of Oxford University Library Services (now Bodleian Libraries). Thomas, an American, was also the first foreign librarian to run the Bodleian.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/a-doublefirst-at-the-bodleian-library-as-us-woman-takes-over-437195.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923185408/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/a-doublefirst-at-the-bodleian-library-as-us-woman-takes-over-437195.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 September 2008|title=A double-first at the Bodleian library as US woman takes over|last=Garner|first=Richard|date=21 February 2007|access-date=5 January 2010|work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> Her successor from January 2014 is [[Richard Ovenden]], who was deputy librarian under Thomas.

==In popular culture==
===Novels===
The Bodleian is one of the libraries consulted by Christine Greenaway (one of Bodley's librarians) in [[Colin Dexter]]'s [[Inspector Morse]] novel ''[[The Wench Is Dead]]'' (1989).<ref>{{cite book |first=Colin |last=Dexter |author-link=Colin Dexter |title=The Wench is Dead |year=1989 |publisher=St. Martin's Press |location=New York |isbn=0-312-04444-5 |url=https://archive.org/stream/wenchisdead00dext#mode/2up |pages=[https://archive.org/stream/wenchisdead00dext#page/64/mode/2up 65–67] }}</ref> The denouement of [[Michael Innes]]'s ''[[Operation Pax]]'' (1951) is set in an imaginary version of the underground bookstack, reached at night by sliding down the "Mendip cleft", a chute concealed in [[Radcliffe Square]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Michael |last=Innes |author-link=Michael Innes |title=Operation Pax |publisher=Penguin |location=Harmondsworth |year=1975 |orig-year=1951 |url=https://archive.org/details/operationpax00inne |pages=[https://archive.org/details/operationpax00inne/page/300/mode/2up 300–316]|isbn=9780140022032 }}</ref>

Since [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] had studied philology at Oxford and eventually became a professor, many of Tolkien's manuscripts are now at the library.<ref>{{cite web |title=Literary Archives and Manuscripts |url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston/finding-resources/guides/literary |publisher=Bodleian Libraries |access-date= 4 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth |publisher=Bodleian Libraries |url=https://tolkien.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/ |access-date=4 February 2021}}</ref>

Historian and novelist [[Deborah Harkness]], set much of the early part of her 2011 novel, ''[[A Discovery of Witches]]'', in the Bodleian, particularly the Selden End. The novel also features one of the library's [[Ashmolean Museum|Ashmole manuscripts]] (Ashmole 782) as a central element of the book.<ref>{{cite book |last=Harkness |first=Deborah E. |author-link=Deborah Harkness |url=https://archive.org/stream/discoveryofwitch0000hark_l9w9 |title=A Discovery of Witches |publisher=Headline |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-7553-7404-5 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hand |first=Elizabeth |title=Books: 'A Discovery of Witches' by Deborah Harkness |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=3 March 2011 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/03/02/AR2011030206303.html |access-date=4 February 2021 }}</ref>

Medieval historian [[Dominic Selwood]] set part of his 2013 crypto-thriller ''[[The Sword of Moses (novel)|The Sword of Moses]]'' in [[Duke Humfrey's Library]], and the novel hinges on the library's copy of a magical medieval Hebrew manuscript known as "[[The Sword of Moses]]".<ref>{{cite book |first=Dominic |last=Selwood |author-link=Dominic Selwood |title=[[The Sword of Moses (novel)|The Sword of Moses]] |location=London |publisher=Corax |year=2013 |isbn=9780992633202 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=J. F. |last=Penn |title=Templars, Freemasons and the Ark of the Covenant with Dominic Selwood |website=jfpenn.com |date=18 March 2015 |url=https://jfpenn.com/templars-dominic-selwood/ |access-date=4 February 2021 }}</ref>

===Location filming===
The Library's architecture has made it a popular location for filmmakers, representing either Oxford University or other locations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visit.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/filming-photography|title=Commercial filming and photography|website=visit.bodleian.ox.ac.uk}}</ref> It can be seen in the opening scene of ''[[The Golden Compass (film)|The Golden Compass]]'' (2007), ''[[Brideshead Revisited (TV serial)|Brideshead Revisited]]'' (1981 TV serial), ''[[Wonka (film)|Wonka]]'' (2023), ''[[Another Country (1984 film)|Another Country]]'' (1984), ''[[The Madness of King George III]]'' (1994), and the first two, as well as the fourth, ''[[Harry Potter (film series)|Harry Potter]]'' films, in which the [[Divinity School, Oxford|Divinity School]] doubles as the [[Hogwarts]] hospital wing and the room in which Professor McGonagall teaches the students to dance, as well as [[Duke Humfrey's Library]] as the [[Hogwarts|Hogwarts library]].<ref>Leonard, Bill, ''The Oxford of Inspector Morse'' Location Guides, Oxford (2004) p. 203 {{ISBN|0-9547671-1-X}}.</ref>

==See also==
* [[Books in the United Kingdom]]
* [[Codex Baroccianus]]
* [[Convocation House]]
* [[Digby Mythographer]]
* [[European Library]]
* [[Google Books]]
* [[Michael Shen Fu-Tsung]]

== References ==
'''Notes'''
{{Reflist}}

'''Further reading'''
*[[Craster, H. H. E.]] (1952) ''History of the Bodleian Library''. London: O.U.P.
*[[Macray, Rev. William Dunn]] (1868) [http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/38317 ''Annals of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, A.D. 1598–A.D. 1867''. London: Rivingtons].
*Price, Henry Clarke (2007) "[http://www.cherwell.org/2007/11/16/feature-the-bods-secret-underbelly/ The Bod's Secret Underbelly]", ''[[Cherwell (newspaper)|Cherwell]]''
* Ó Cuív, Brian (2001–03) ''Catalogue of Irish Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library at Oxford and Oxford College Libraries''. 2 vols. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, School of Celtic Studies

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk Bodleian Library] – official website
* [https://digital.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/ Digital Bodleian]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190317000908/http://www.odl.ox.ac.uk/ Oxford Digital Library]
* {{cite web|title=History of the Bodleian |url=https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/docs/historybodleian.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/docs/historybodleian.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|publisher=Bodleian Library|date=n.d.}}
* [https://www.google.com/maps/views/view/106069055152830469003/photo/RjWrqVWlOtoAAAAGOnZtYQ 360° Panorama at dusk in the Quadrangle]

{{Bodley's Librarians}}
{{Libraries of the University of Oxford}}
{{Academic libraries in the United Kingdom}}
{{Authority control}}

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