View source for Bob Dylan

{{Short description|American singer-songwriter (born 1941)}}
{{About|the musician|his debut album|Bob Dylan (album){{!}}''Bob Dylan'' (album)}}
{{Distinguish|Bob Vylan}}
{{Featured article}}
{{Pp-move|small=yes}}
{{Pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Bob Dylan
| image              = DylanYoungKilkenny140719v2 (50 of 52) (52246124397) (cropped).jpg
| caption            = Dylan in 2019
| alt                = Bob Dylan standing on stage
| birth_name         = Robert Allen Zimmerman
| other_names        = {{Flatlist|
* Shabtai Zisel ben Avraham ([[Hebrew name]])<ref name =Sounes14/>
* Elston Gunnn<!-- DO NOT CHANGE THE SPELLING OF Gunnn. Three "n"s is the correct spelling. -->
* Blind Boy Grunt
* Bob Landy
* Robert Milkwood Thomas
* Tedham Porterhouse
* [[Traveling Wilburys|Lucky Wilbury]]
* [[Traveling Wilburys|Boo Wilbury]]
* Jack Frost
* Sergei Petrov
* Zimmy
}}
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1941|5|24}}
| birth_place        = [[Duluth, Minnesota]], U.S.<!-- Per [[MOS:U.S.]], "the use or non-use of periods (full stops) should also be consistent with other country abbreviations in the same article (thus 'the US, UK, and USSR', not 'the U.S., UK, and USSR')." -->
| years_active       = 1957–present<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.allmusic.com/artist/bob-dylan-mn0000066915/biography| title = Bob Dylan biography| author = Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|date = December 12, 2019| access-date = January 6, 2020| website=[[AllMusic]]
}}</ref>
| occupation         = {{Flatlist|
* Singer-songwriter
* painter
* writer
}}
| spouse             = {{Plainlist|
* {{Marriage|[[Sara Dylan|Sara Lownds]]|November 22, 1965|June 29, 1977|reason=divorced}}
* {{Marriage|[[Carolyn Dennis]]|June 4, 1986|October 1992|reason=divorced}}
}}
| children           = 6, including [[Jesse Dylan|Jesse]] and [[Jakob Dylan|Jakob]]
| awards             = {{Plainlist|
* [[2016 Nobel Prize in Literature]] 
* (for others, see [[List of awards and nominations received by Bob Dylan|list]])
}}
| signature          = Bob Dylan signature.svg
| signature_size     = 90px
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist
| embed           = yes
| discography     = {{hlist|[[Bob Dylan discography|Albums and singles]]|[[List of songs written by Bob Dylan|songs]]|[[Bob Dylan bootleg recordings|bootleg recordings]]}}
| genre           = {{Flatlist|
* [[Contemporary folk music|Folk]]
* [[blues]]
* [[rock music|rock]]
* [[Gospel music|gospel]]
* [[Country music|country]]
* [[traditional pop]]
}}
| instruments     = {{Flatlist|
* Vocals
* guitar
* harmonica
* keyboards
}}
| past_member_of     = [[Traveling Wilburys]]
| label           = {{Flatlist|
* [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]
* [[Asylum Records|Asylum]]
}}
| website         = {{URL|bobdylan.com}}
}}
}}

'''Bob<!-- See [[Talk:Bob Dylan/Archive 10#"Robert" Dylan? Never!]] and [[Talk:Bob Dylan/Archive 10#Listing legal name first]]. --> Dylan''' (legally '''Robert Dylan''';<ref>His legal name, Robert Dylan, is enumerated in the following sources:
* {{cite book|ref=none|last1=Dunn |first1=Tim |title=The Bob Dylan Copyright Files 1962–2007 |date=2008 |publisher=AuthorHouse |isbn=9781438915890 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CbJJLXdF0N4C&pg=PA267}}
* {{cite book|ref=none|last1=Bell |first1=Ian |title=Once Upon a Time: The Lives of Bob Dylan |date=2013 |publisher=Open Road Media |isbn=9781480447509 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lXR5AAAAQBAJ&pg=PT324 |quote=Bob Dylan—as a matter of legal record, 'Robert Dylan' ...}}
* {{cite book|ref=none|last1=Rowley |first1=Chris |title=Blood on the Tracks: The Story of Bob Dylan |date=1984 |publisher=Proteus Books |location=London |isbn=9780862761271 |page=136 |quote=The petition for divorce stated that the 'respondent, Robert Dylan ... '}}</ref> born '''Robert Allen Zimmerman''', May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter.<!-- NOTE: The lead sentence should stick to what he is primarily known for. The infobox is there to include additional occupations. --> Described as one of the greatest songwriters of all time,<ref>{{Cite news|date=May 23, 2001|title=Dylan 'the greatest songwriter'|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1347071.stm|publisher=[[BBC News]]|access-date=January 1, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/interactive/lists-100-greatest-songwriters/#bob-dylan| title=No. 1 Bob Dylan| date=April 10, 2020| access-date=January 29, 2021| magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}</ref><ref name="EncBr" /> Dylan has been a major figure in popular culture over his {{time ago|1957|numeric=y}}-year career. With an estimated 125 million records sold worldwide, he is one of the [[List of best-selling music artists|best-selling musicians]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/bob-dylan-sells-entire-catalog-recorded-music-sony-music-rcna13434| title = Bob Dylan sells his entire catalog of recorded music to Sony| author = Lenthang, Marlene| date = January 25, 2022| access-date = June 11, 2024| website = NBC News}}</ref> Dylan added increasingly sophisticated lyrical techniques to the [[folk music]] of the early 1960s, infusing it "with the intellectualism of classic literature and poetry".<ref name="EncBr" /> His lyrics incorporated political, social, and philosophical influences, defying [[pop music]] conventions and appealing to the burgeoning [[Counterculture of the 1960s|counterculture]].<ref>"The Counterculture" by Michael J. Kramer in Latham, Sean (ed.), 2021, ''The World of Bob Dylan'', pp. 251–263.</ref>

Dylan was born in [[St. Louis County, Minnesota]]. He moved to New York City in 1961 to pursue a career in music. Following his 1962 debut album, ''[[Bob Dylan (album)|Bob Dylan]]'', featuring traditional folk and blues material, he released his breakthrough album ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'' (1963), which included "[[Girl from the North Country]]" and "[[A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall]]", adapting older folk songs. His songs "[[Blowin' in the Wind]]" (1963) and "[[The Times They Are a-Changin' (song)|The Times They Are a-Changin']]{{-"}} (1964) became anthems for the [[civil rights movement|civil rights]] and [[Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War|antiwar]] movements. In 1965 and 1966, Dylan [[Electric Dylan controversy|created controversy]] among folk purists when he used [[Amplifier|electrically amplified]] rock instrumentation for his albums ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]'', ''[[Highway 61 Revisited]]'' (both 1965), and ''[[Blonde on Blonde]]'' (1966). His six-minute single "[[Like a Rolling Stone]]" (1965) expanded commercial and creative boundaries in popular music.<ref name=LARS>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-500-greatest-songs-of-all-time-20110407/bob-dylan-like-a-rolling-stone-20110516| title=500 Greatest Songs Of All Time| date=April 7, 2011| access-date=January 6, 2020|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]| archive-date=October 31, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031103816/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-songs-of-all-time-151127/bob-dylan-like-a-rolling-stone-2-54028/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last=Rogovoy|first=Seth| title=How Bob Dylan's greatest song changed music history—a deep-dive into an accidental masterpiece| url=https://forward.com/culture/475865/how-bob-dylans-greatest-song-changed-music-history-a-deep-dive-into-an/| date=September 27, 2021| access-date=September 30, 2021| url-status=live| archive-date=September 28, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928170718/https://forward.com/culture/475865/how-bob-dylans-greatest-song-changed-music-history-a-deep-dive-into-an/| quote=Bruce Springsteen, who was originally touted as a 'new Dylan' when he was signed to Columbia Records, Dylan's label, by the same label honcho, John Hammond, who signed Dylan, said this about 'Like a Rolling Stone':<br />'Dylan freed your mind and showed us that because the music was physical did not mean it was anti-intellect. He had the vision and talent to make a pop song so that it contained the whole world. He invented a new way a pop singer could sound, broke through the limitations of what a recording could achieve, and he changed the face of rock 'n' roll for ever and ever.'| work=[[The Forward]]}}</ref> 

In July 1966, a motorcycle crash led Dylan to cease touring for seven years. During this period, he recorded [[List of Basement Tapes songs|a large body of songs]] with members of [[the Band]] which produced the album ''[[The Basement Tapes]]'' (1975). Dylan explored [[country music]] and rural themes on the albums ''[[John Wesley Harding]]'' (1967), ''[[Nashville Skyline]]'' (1969) and ''[[New Morning]]'' (1970). He gained critical acclaim for ''[[Blood on the Tracks]]'' (1975) and [[Time Out of Mind (Bob Dylan album)|''Time Out of Mind'']] (1997), the latter of which earned him the [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]]. Dylan still releases music and has toured continuously since the late 1980s on what has become known as the [[Never Ending Tour]].<ref>Heylin, Clinton, 2011, ''Bob Dylan: Behind The Shades, The 20th Anniversary Edition'', pp. 646–652.</ref> Since 1994, Dylan has published [[Bob Dylan bibliography#Art books by Bob Dylan|ten books of paintings and drawings]], and his work has been exhibited in major art galleries. His life has been profiled in several documentaries and the biopic ''[[A Complete Unknown]]'' (2024).

Dylan's [[List of awards received by Bob Dylan|numerous accolades]] include an [[Academy Award]], ten [[Grammy Award]]s and a [[Golden Globe Award]]. He was honored with the [[Kennedy Center Honors]] in 1997, [[National Medal of Arts]] in 2009, and the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] in 2012. Dylan has been inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], the [[Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame]] and the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]]. He was awarded a [[Pulitzer Prize Special Citations and Awards|Pulitzer Prize special citation]] in 2008, and the 2016 [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition".<ref name=NobelCite> {{cite web| url = https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2016/summary/| title = The Nobel Prize in Literature 2016| date = October 13, 2016| access-date = January 1, 2025| website = nobelprize.org}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
[[File:ZimmermanHouseHibbingMN.jpg|thumb|right|The Zimmerman family home in Hibbing, Minnesota]]

Bob Dylan was born ''Robert Allen Zimmerman'' (his [[Hebrew name]] is ''Shabtai Zisl ben Avraham'')<ref name =Sounes14>Sounes, p. 14, gives his Hebrew name as Shabtai Zisel ben Avraham</ref><ref>A [[Chabad]] news service gives the variant Zushe ben Avraham {{cite web | url = http://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/573406/jewish/SingerSongwriter-Bob-Dylan-Joins-Yom-Kippur-Services-in-Atlanta.htm | title = Singer/Songwriter Bob Dylan Joins Yom Kippur Services in Atlanta | date = September 24, 2007 | access-date=January 6, 2020 | publisher=[[Chabad.org]]| archive-date=July 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190728005159/https://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/573406/jewish/SingerSongwriter-Bob-Dylan-Joins-Yom-Kippur-Services-in-Atlanta.htm| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.aish.com/ci/a/Bob-Dylans-Jewish-Odyssey.html|title=Bob Dylan's Jewish Odyssey|last=Preskovsky|first=Ilan|date=March 12, 2016|work=Aish.com|access-date=January 7, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190728005156/https://www.aish.com/ci/a/Bob-Dylans-Jewish-Odyssey.html|url-status=live}}</ref> in St. Mary's Hospital on May 24, 1941, in [[Duluth, Minnesota]].<ref>Sounes, p. 14</ref> Dylan's paternal grandparents, Anna Kirghiz and Zigman Zimmerman, emigrated from [[Odessa]] in the [[Russian Empire]] (now Ukraine) to the United States, following the [[Odessa pogroms#1905 Pogrom|1905 pogroms against Jews]].<ref name="Sounes-p12">Sounes, pp. 12–13.</ref> His maternal grandparents, Florence and Ben Stone, were [[Lithuanian Jews]] who had arrived in the US in 1902.<ref name="Sounes-p12"/> Dylan wrote that his paternal grandmother's family was originally from the [[Kağızman District]] of [[Kars Province]], northeastern Turkey.<ref>Dylan, pp. 92–93.</ref>

Dylan's father Abram Zimmerman and his mother Beatrice "Beatty" Stone were part of a small, close-knit Jewish community.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://jewishjournal.com/news/nation/104267/|title=Bob Dylan: 'Prophet' and Medal of Freedom recipient|last=Gluck|first=Robert|date=May 21, 2012|work=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|Jewish Journal]]|access-date=May 20, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jta.org/2016/04/13/arts-entertainment/bob-dylans-life-and-work-examined-in-new-exhibit|title=Bob Dylan's life and work examined in new exhibit|last=Kamin|first=Debra|date=April 13, 2016|website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]|access-date=May 20, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Haaretz">{{Cite news |last=Green |first=David B. |date=May 21, 2015 |title=This Day in Jewish History – 1954: Shabtai Zissel Is Bar Mitzvahed, and Turns Out to Be Bob Dylan |url=https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/.premium-bob-dylan-is-bar-mitzvahed-1.5364764 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820064906/https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/2015-05-21/ty-article/.premium/bob-dylan-is-bar-mitzvahed/0000017f-e7e3-da9b-a1ff-efef74240000 |archive-date=August 20, 2022 |access-date=May 16, 2020 |work=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> They lived in Duluth until Dylan was six, when his father contracted [[polio]] and the family returned to his mother's hometown of [[Hibbing, Minnesota|Hibbing]], where they lived for the rest of Dylan's childhood, and his father and paternal uncles ran a furniture and appliance store.<ref name=Haaretz/><ref name=Hibb>{{cite book| title=Bob Dylan's Hibbing| publisher=EDLIS Café Press| year=2019| location =Hibbing, Minnesota| isbn=9781091782891}}</ref> 

In the early 1950s, Dylan listened to the ''[[Grand Ole Opry]]'' radio show and heard the songs of [[Hank Williams]]. He later wrote: "The sound of his voice went through me like an electric rod."<ref name="chronicles95"/> Dylan was also impressed by the delivery of [[Johnnie Ray]]: "He was the first singer whose voice and style, I guess, I totally fell in love with.... I loved his style, wanted to dress like him too."<ref>{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Christian|title=Bob Dylan In His Own Words|location=New York|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=1993|page=7|isbn= 0711932190}}</ref> As a teenager, Dylan heard [[rock and roll]] on radio stations broadcasting from [[Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport]] and [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]].<ref name="Shelton-38">Shelton, pp. 38–39.</ref>

Dylan formed several bands while attending [[Hibbing High School]]. In the Golden Chords, he performed [[Cover version|covers]] of songs by [[Little Richard]]<ref name="GrayJapan">{{cite news|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2011/05/22/life/one-of-a-kind-bob-dylan-at-70/|title=One of a kind: Bob Dylan at 70|first=Michael|last=Gray|date=May 22, 2011|work=[[Japan Times]]|access-date=December 30, 2011|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612163355/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2011/05/22/life/one-of-a-kind-bob-dylan-at-70/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Elvis Presley]].<ref>Heylin (1996), pp. 4–5.</ref> Their performance of [[Danny & the Juniors]]' "[[Rock and Roll Is Here to Stay]]" at their high school talent show was so loud that the principal cut the microphone.<ref>Sounes, pp. 29–37.</ref> On January 31, 1959, 17-year-old Dylan saw [[Buddy Holly]] perform at the [[Duluth Armory]], four days before [[The Day the Music Died|Holly's fatal plane crash]]. Dylan was electrified and in his Nobel Prize lecture he explained: "Buddy wrote songs – songs that had beautiful melodies and imaginative verses. And he sang great – sang in more than a few voices. He was the archetype. Everything I wasn't and wanted to be."<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2016/dylan/lecture/| title = Bob Dylan, Nobel lecture| author = Dylan, Bob| date = June 5, 2017| access-date = February 2, 2025| website = nobelprize.org}}</ref>

In 1959, Dylan's high school yearbook carried the caption "Robert Zimmerman: to join 'Little Richard{{' "}}.<ref name="GrayJapan"/><ref>LIFE Books, "Bob Dylan, Forever Young, 50 Years of Song", ''Time Home Entertainment'', Vol. 2, No 2, February 10, 2012, p. 15.</ref> That year, as Elston <!-- DO NOT CHANGE THE SPELLING OF Gunnn. Three "n"s is the correct spelling. -->Gunnn<!-- DO NOT CHANGE THE SPELLING OF Gunnn. Three "n"s is the correct spelling. -->, he performed twice with [[Bobby Vee]], playing piano and clapping.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.goldminemag.com/articles/bobby-vee-wouldnt-change-a-thing-part-3| title=Bobby Vee wouldn't change a thing Part 3| newspaper=Goldmine Magazine: Record Collector & Music Memorabilia| date=May 7, 2009| access-date=January 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>Sounes, pp. 41–42.</ref><ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 26–27.</ref> In September 1959, Dylan enrolled at the [[University of Minnesota]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.scholarswalk.umn.edu/awards/national_intl/Nobel.html|title=University of Minnesota Scholars Walk: Nobel Prize|publisher=University of Minnesota|access-date=December 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908112503/http://www.scholarswalk.umn.edu/awards/national_intl/Nobel.html|archive-date=September 8, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Living at the Jewish-centric fraternity [[Sigma Alpha Mu]] house, Dylan began to perform at the Ten&nbsp;O'Clock Scholar, a coffeehouse near campus, and became involved in the [[Dinkytown]] folk music circuit.<ref>Shelton, pp. 65–82.</ref><ref name="No Direction Home">This is related in [[Martin Scorsese]]'s documentary ''[[No Direction Home]]''. broadcast September 26, 2005, [[PBS]] & [[BBC Two]].</ref> His focus on rock and roll gave way to [[American folk music]], as he explained in a 1985 interview:

{{blockquote|The thing about rock'n'roll is that for me anyway it wasn't enough.... There were great catch-phrases and driving pulse rhythms ... but the songs weren't serious or didn't reflect life in a realistic way. I knew that when I got into folk music, it was more of a serious type of thing. The songs are filled with more despair, more sadness, more triumph, more faith in the supernatural, much deeper feelings.<ref name="Crowe-1985"/>}}

During this period, he began to introduce himself as "Bob Dylan".<ref>Heylin (1996), p. 7.</ref> In his memoir, he wrote that he considered adopting the surname ''Dillon'' before unexpectedly seeing poems by [[Dylan Thomas]], and deciding upon the given name spelling.<ref>Dylan, pp. 78–79.</ref><ref group="a">According to Dylan biographer [[Robert Shelton (critic)|Robert Shelton]], Dylan first confided his change of name to his high school girlfriend, Echo Helstrom, in 1958, telling her that he had found a "great name, Bob Dillon". Shelton surmises that Dillon had two sources: [[Matt Dillon (Gunsmoke)|Marshal Matt Dillon]] was the hero of the TV western ''[[Gunsmoke]]''; Dillon was also the name of one of Hibbing's principal families. While Shelton was writing Dylan's biography in the 1960s, Dylan told him, "Straighten out in your book that I did not take my name from Dylan Thomas. Dylan Thomas's poetry is for people that aren't really satisfied in their bed, for people who dig masculine romance." At the University of Minnesota, Dylan told a few friends that Dillon was his mother's maiden name, which was untrue. He later told reporters that he had an uncle named Dillon. Shelton added that only when he reached New York in 1961 did he begin to spell his name "Dylan", by which time he was acquainted with the life and work of Dylan Thomas. Shelton (2011), pp. 44–45.</ref> In a 2004 interview, he said, "You're born, you know, the wrong names, wrong parents. I mean, that happens. You call yourself what you want to call yourself. This is the land of the free."<ref name="60minutes2005" />

== Career == 
=== 1960–1962: Relocation to New York and stardom ===
Dylan dropped out of college in May 1960 at the end of his first year. In January 1961, he traveled to New York City to perform and visit his musical idol [[Woody Guthrie]]<ref>Sounes, p. 72</ref> at [[Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital]] in New Jersey.<ref>Dylan, p. 98.</ref> Guthrie had been a revelation to Dylan and influenced his early performances. He wrote of Guthrie's impact: "The songs themselves had the infinite sweep of humanity in them... [He] was the true voice of the American spirit. I said to myself I was going to be Guthrie's greatest disciple".<ref>Dylan, pp. 244–246.</ref> In addition to Guthrie, Dylan wrote in ''Chronicles'' that major influences on his early song writing included [[Robert Johnson (musician)|Robert Johnson]]'s [[blues]]<ref name="chronicles281">Dylan, pp. 281–288.</ref> and what he called the "architectural forms" of [[Hank Williams]]'s [[country music|country]] songs.<ref name="chronicles95">Dylan, pp. 95–97.</ref>

From February 1961, Dylan played at clubs around [[Greenwich Village]], befriending and picking up material from folk singers, including [[Dave Van&nbsp;Ronk]], [[Fred Neil]], [[Odetta]], the [[New Lost City Ramblers]] and Irish musicians [[The Clancy Brothers|the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem]].<ref>Shelton (2011), pp. 74–78.</ref> In September, ''[[The New York Times]]'' critic [[Robert Shelton (critic)|Robert Shelton]] boosted Dylan's career with a very enthusiastic review of his performance at [[Gerde's Folk City]]: "Bob Dylan: A Distinctive Folk-Song Stylist".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bulik |first=Mark |date=September 2, 2015 |title=1961: Bob Dylan Takes the Stage |work=The New York Times| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/01/insider/1961-bob-dylan-takes-the-stage.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150902180252/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/01/insider/1961-bob-dylan-takes-the-stage.html |archive-date=September 2, 2015| url-access=subscription |url-status=live| access-date=January 19, 2020}}</ref> That month, Dylan played harmonica on folk singer [[Carolyn Hester]]'s third album, bringing him to the attention of the album's producer [[John Hammond (record producer)|John Hammond]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/carolyn-hester-mn0000149166/biography| title=Carolyn Hester biography| author=Unterberger, Richie| date=October 8, 2003| access-date=December 8, 2016| website=AllMusic}}</ref> who signed Dylan to [[Columbia Records]].<ref>Shelton (2011), ''No Direction Home'', p. 87</ref> Dylan's debut album, ''[[Bob Dylan (album)|Bob Dylan]]'', released March 19, 1962,<ref>{{cite news| last1=Vulliamy| first1=Ed| title=How Bob Dylan, music's great enigma first revealed his talent to the world 50 years ago| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/mar/18/bob-dylan-debut-1962-anniversary| access-date=March 19, 2020|work=The Guardian| date=March 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/03/19/showbiz/music/bob-dylan-album-50-rs|title=50 years ago today: Bob Dylan released his debut album|last=Greene|first=Andy|date=March 19, 2012|publisher=CNN|access-date=March 4, 2017}}</ref> consisted of traditional folk, blues and [[gospel music|gospel]] material with just two original compositions, "[[Talkin' New York]]" and "[[Song to Woody]]". The album sold 5,000 copies in its first year, just breaking even.<ref name="Scaduto110">Scaduto, p. 110.</ref>

[[File:Joan Baez Bob Dylan.jpg|thumb|alt=Dylan is seated, singing and playing guitar. Seated to his right is a woman gazing upward and singing with him.|[[Joan Baez]] and Dylan during the civil rights "[[March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom]]", August 28, 1963]] On August 9, 1962, Dylan legally changed his name to Robert Dylan in the [[St. Louis County District Courthouse|St. Louis County Court]], Hibbing. His father, Abraham Zimmerman, was the witness.<ref name=Legal>{{harvnb|Heylin|2021|p=138}}</ref> The same month, Dylan signed a management contract with [[Albert Grossman]].<ref>Sounes, p. 116.</ref> Grossman remained Dylan's manager until 1970, and was known for his sometimes confrontational personality and protective loyalty.<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 283–284.</ref> Dylan said, "He was kind of like a [[Colonel Tom Parker]] figure&nbsp;... you could smell him coming."<ref name="No Direction Home" /> Tension between Grossman and John Hammond led to the latter suggesting Dylan work with the jazz producer [[Tom Wilson (producer)|Tom Wilson]], who produced several tracks for the second album without formal credit. Wilson produced the next three albums Dylan recorded.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 115–116.</ref><ref>Shelton (1986), p. 154.</ref>

Dylan made his first trip to the United Kingdom from December 1962 to January 1963.<ref name="Heylin-p35">Heylin (1996), pp. 35–39.</ref> He had been invited by television director [[Philip Saville]] to appear in ''[[Madhouse on Castle Street]]'', which Saville was directing for [[BBC Television]].<ref name="Flash-back">{{cite news|last=Llewellyn-Smith|first=Caspar|title=Flash-back|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2005/sep/18/popandrock.bobdylan|access-date=June 17, 2012|newspaper=The Observer|date=September 18, 2005|location=London}}</ref> At the end of the play, Dylan performed "[[Blowin' in the Wind]]", one of its first public performances.<ref name="Flash-back"/> While in London, Dylan performed at several folk clubs, including [[The Troubadour, London|the Troubadour]], [[Les Cousins (music club)|Les Cousins]], and [[Bunjies]].<ref name="Heylin-p35"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-day-bob-dylan-dropped-by-for-coffee_b_57f82803e4b0d786aa52b1d7|title=The day Bob Dylan dropped by for coffee|date=October 7, 2016|website=HuffPost}}</ref> He also learned material from UK performers, including [[Martin Carthy]].<ref name="Flash-back"/>

With the release of Dylan's second album, ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'', in May 1963, he began to make his name as a singer-songwriter. Many songs on the album were labeled [[protest song]]s, inspired partly by Guthrie and influenced by [[Pete Seeger]]'s passion for topical songs.<ref>Shelton, pp. 138–142.</ref> "[[Oxford Town]]" was an account of [[James Meredith]]'s ordeal as the first Black student at the [[University of Mississippi]].<ref>Shelton, p. 156.</ref> The first song on the album, "Blowin' in the Wind", partly derived its melody from the traditional [[Slave Songs of the United States|slave song]] "No More Auction Block",<ref>The booklet by [[John Bauldie]] accompanying Dylan's ''[[The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991]]'' (1991) says: "Dylan acknowledged the debt in 1978 to journalist Marc Rowland: ''Blowin' In The Wind' has always been a spiritual. I took it off a song called 'No More Auction Block' — that's a spiritual — and 'Blowin' In The Wind follows the same feeling.{{' "}} pp. 6–8.''</ref> while its lyrics questioned the status quo. The song was widely recorded by other artists and became a hit for [[Peter, Paul, and Mary]].<ref name="PPM">{{cite magazine|author=Eder, Bruce|title=Peter, Paul and Mary biography|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/331058/peter-paul-and-mary/biography|access-date=June 5, 2015|magazine=Billboard|archive-date=November 1, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101000237/http://www.billboard.com/artist/331058/peter-paul-and-mary/biography|url-status=dead}}</ref> "[[A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall]]" was based on the folk ballad "[[Lord Randall]]". With its apocalyptic premonitions, the song gained resonance when the [[Cuban Missile Crisis]] developed a few weeks after Dylan began performing it.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 101–103.</ref><ref group="a">In a May 1963 interview with [[Studs Terkel]], Dylan broadened the meaning of the song, saying "the pellets of poison flooding the waters" refers to "the lies people are told on their radios and in their newspapers." Cott (2006), p. 8.</ref> Both songs marked a new direction in songwriting, blending a [[Stream of consciousness (narrative mode)|stream-of-consciousness]], [[imagism|imagist]] lyrical attack with traditional folk form.<ref>Ricks, pp. 329–344.</ref>

Dylan's topical songs led to his being viewed as more than just a songwriter. [[Janet Maslin]] wrote of ''Freewheelin{{'}}'': <blockquote>These were the songs that established [Dylan] as the voice of his generation —someone who implicitly understood how concerned young Americans felt about [[nuclear disarmament]] and the growing [[civil rights movement]]: his mixture of moral authority and nonconformity was perhaps the most timely of his attributes.<ref>Maslin, Janet in Miller, Jim (ed.) (1981), ''The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll'', 1981, p. 220</ref><ref group="a">The title "Spokesman of a Generation" was viewed by Dylan with disgust in later years. He came to feel it was a label the media had pinned on him, and in his autobiography, ''[[Chronicles, Volume One|Chronicles]]'', Dylan wrote: "The press never let up. Once in a while I would have to rise up and offer myself for an interview so they wouldn't beat the door down. Later an article would hit the streets with the headline 'Spokesman Denies That He's A Spokesman.' I felt like a piece of meat that someone had thrown to the dogs." Dylan (2004), p.119</ref></blockquote> ''Freewheelin{{'}}'' also included love songs and surreal [[talking blues]]. Humor was an important part of Dylan's persona,<ref>Scaduto, p. 35.</ref> and the range of material on the album impressed listeners, including [[the Beatles]]. [[George Harrison]] said of the album: "We just played it, just wore it out. The content of the song lyrics and just the attitude — it was incredibly original and wonderful".<ref>''Mojo'' magazine, December 1993. p. 97</ref>

The rough edge of Dylan's singing unsettled some, but attracted others. Author [[Joyce Carol Oates]] wrote: "When we first heard this raw, very young, and seemingly untrained voice, frankly nasal, as if sandpaper could sing, the effect was dramatic and electrifying".<ref>Hedin, p. 259.</ref> Many early Dylan songs reached the public through more palatable versions by other performers, such as [[Joan Baez]], who became Dylan's advocate and lover.<ref>Sounes, pp. 136–138.</ref> Baez was influential in bringing Dylan to prominence by recording several of his early songs and inviting him on stage during her concerts.<ref>Joan Baez entry, Gray (2006), pp. 28–31.</ref> Others who had hits with Dylan's songs in the early 1960s included [[the Byrds]], [[Sonny & Cher]], [[the Hollies]], [[the Association]], [[Manfred Mann]], and [[the Turtles]].

"[[Mixed-Up Confusion]]", recorded during the ''Freewheelin''' sessions with a backing band, was released as Dylan's first single in December 1962, but then swiftly withdrawn. In contrast to the mostly solo acoustic performances on the album, the single showed a willingness to experiment with a [[rockabilly]] sound. [[Cameron Crowe]] described it as "a fascinating look at a folk artist with his mind wandering towards Elvis Presley and [[Sun Records]]".<ref>[[Biograph (album)|''Biograph'']], 1985, Liner notes & text by [[Cameron Crowe]]. Musicians on "Mixed Up Confusion": George Barnes & [[Bruce Langhorne]] (guitars); [[Dick Wellstood]] (piano); [[Gene Ramey]] (bass); [[Herb Lovelle]] (drums)</ref>

=== 1963–1965: Protest music and ''Another Side'' ===
{{Listen|type=music
 |filename=Bob Dylan - The Times They Are a-Changin'.ogg
 |title = "The Times They Are a-Changin{{'"}}
 |description= Dylan said of "The Times They Are a-Changin{{'"}}: "This was definitely a song with a purpose. I wanted to write a big song, some kind of theme song, with short concise verses that piled up on each other in a hypnotic way. The civil rights movement and the folk music movement were pretty close and allied together at that time."<ref name="Crowe-1985"/>}}
In May 1963, Dylan's political profile rose when he walked out of ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]''. During rehearsals, Dylan had been told by CBS television's head of program practices that "[[Talkin' John Birch Paranoid Blues]]" was potentially [[libelous]] to the [[John Birch Society]]. Rather than comply with censorship, Dylan refused to appear.<ref>Dylan had recorded "Talkin' John Birch Society Blues" for his [[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan|''Freewheelin'']] album, but the song was replaced by later compositions, including "[[Masters of War]]". See Heylin (2000), pp. 114–115.</ref>

Dylan and Baez were prominent in the civil rights movement, singing together at the [[March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom|March on Washington]] on August 28, 1963. Dylan performed "[[Only a Pawn in Their Game]]" and "[[When the Ship Comes In]]".<ref>Heylin (1996), p. 49.</ref>

Dylan's third album, ''[[The Times They Are a-Changin' (Bob Dylan album)|The Times They Are a-Changin'<nowiki/>]]'', reflected a more politicized Dylan.<ref>Gill, pp. 37–41.</ref> The songs often took as their subject matter contemporary stories, with "[[Only a Pawn in Their Game]]" addressing the murder of civil rights worker [[Medgar Evers]], and the [[Bertolt Brecht|Brechtian]] "[[The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll]]" the death of Black hotel barmaid Hattie Carroll at the hands of young White socialite William Zantzinger.<ref>Ricks, pp. 221–233.</ref> "[[Ballad of Hollis Brown]]" and "[[North Country Blues]]" addressed despair engendered by the breakdown of farming and mining communities.<ref>Gill, Andy, 1999, ''Classic Bob Dylan: My Back Pages'', pp. 43–48.</ref>

The final track on the album expressed Dylan's angry response to a hostile profile published in ''[[Newsweek]]''.<ref name =Svedb>{{cite magazine| url = https://www.newsweek.com/bob-dylans-75th-birthday-revisit-our-infamous-1963-profile-462801| title = Revisit Our Infamous 1963 Profile of Bob Dylan| author = Svedberg, Andrea| date = October 13, 2016| access-date = October 18, 2024| magazine = Newsweek}}</ref> As biographer [[Clinton Heylin]] puts it, the profile wrote about "the way the Bar Mitzvah boy from Hibbing, Minnesota, had reinvented himself as the prince of protest", emphasising his birth name, his attendance at the University of Minnesota, and his close relationship with his parents from whom he claimed to be estranged.<ref name =Svedb/><ref>Heylin, 2009, ''Revolution in the Air, The Songs of Bob Dylan: Volume One'', pp. 170–172.</ref> The day after the article appeared, Dylan returned to the studio to record "[[Restless Farewell]]" which ends with his vow to "make my stand/ And remain as I am/ And bid farewell and not give a damn".<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.bobdylan.com/songs/restless-farewell/| title = Restless Farewell| author = Dylan, Bob| access-date = October 18, 2024| website = bobdylan.com}}</ref>

By the end of 1963, Dylan felt manipulated and constrained by the folk and protest movements.<ref>Shelton, pp. 200–205.</ref> Accepting the "[[Thomas Paine|Tom Paine]] Award" from the [[National Emergency Civil Liberties Committee|Emergency Civil Liberties Committee]] three weeks after the [[assassination of John F. Kennedy]], an intoxicated Dylan questioned the role of the committee, characterized the members as old and balding, and claimed to see something of himself and of every man in Kennedy's assassin, [[Lee Harvey Oswald]].<ref>Part of Dylan's speech went: "There's no black and white, left and right to me any more; there's only up and down, and down is very close to the ground. And I'm trying to go up without thinking of anything trivial such as politics...I got to admit that the man who shot President Kennedy, Lee Oswald, I don't know exactly where...what he thought he was doing, but I got to admit honestly that I too – I saw some of myself in him. I don't think it would have gone – I don't think it could go that far. But I got to stand up and say I saw things that he felt, in me – not to go that far and shoot. (Boos and hisses) You can boo..."; see, Shelton, pp. 200–205.</ref>
[[File:Bob Dylan in November 1963.jpg|alt=A spotlight shines on Dylan as he performs onstage.|left|thumb|''Bobby'' Dylan, as the college yearbook lists him: [[St. Lawrence University]], upstate New York, November 1963]]

[[Johnny Cash]] supported Dylan in his refusal to conform when he wrote a letter to ''[[Broadside_(magazine)|Broadside]]'' magazine in March 1964, expressing admiration for Dylan's writing and ending with the injunction: "Shut up! And let him sing!"<ref>{{cite web| url = https://singout.org/downloads/broadside/b041.pdf| title = A Letter from Johnny Cash, page 10| author = Johnny Cash| date = March 10, 1964| access-date = January 17, 2025| website = singout.org}}</ref> When Cash died in 2003, Dylan remembered: "Johnny wrote the magazine saying to shut up and let me sing, that I knew what I was doing. This was before I had ever met him, and the letter meant the world to me."<ref>{{cite web | url = https://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/bob-dylan-on-johnny-cash.22201/| title = Bob Dylan on Johnny Cash| author = Bob Dylan| date = September 28, 2003| access-date = January 17, 2025| website = forums.Steve Hoffman}}</ref><ref name=cashinfluence>{{cite news|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/bob-dylan-johnny-cash-friendship/|title=Inside the friendship of Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash| first=Drew| last=Wardle| publisher=Far Out Magazine|date=February 17, 2021|accessdate=January 16, 2025}}</ref> Cash and Dylan met for the first time at the Newport Folk Festival in July 1964 and became friends.<ref>Shelton, ''No Direction Home'', 1986, pp. 260–261.</ref>

''[[Another Side of Bob Dylan]]'', recorded in a single evening on June 9, 1964,<ref>Heylin (1996), p. 60.</ref> had a lighter mood. The humorous Dylan reemerged on "[[I Shall Be Free No. 10]]" and "Motorpsycho Nightmare". "[[Spanish Harlem Incident]]" and "[[To Ramona]]" are passionate love songs, while "[[Black Crow Blues]]" and "[[I Don't Believe You (She Acts Like We Never Have Met)]]" suggest the rock and roll soon to dominate Dylan's music. "[[It Ain't Me Babe]]", on the surface a song about spurned love, has been described as a rejection of the role of political spokesman thrust upon him.<ref>Shelton, p. 222.</ref> His new direction was signaled by two lengthy songs: the impressionistic "[[Chimes of Freedom (song)|Chimes of Freedom]]", which sets [[social commentary]] against a metaphorical landscape in a style characterized by [[Allen Ginsberg]] as "chains of flashing images,"<ref group="a">In an interview with Seth Goddard for ''Life'' (July 5, 2001) Ginsberg said Dylan's technique had been inspired by [[Jack Kerouac]]: "(Dylan) pulled ''[[Mexico City Blues]]'' from my hand and started reading it and I said, 'What do you know about that?' He said, 'Somebody handed it to me in '59 in St. Paul and it blew my mind.' So I said 'Why?' He said, 'It was the first poetry that spoke to me in my own language.' So those chains of flashing images you get in Dylan, like 'the motorcycle black Madonna two-wheeled gypsy queen and her silver- studded phantom lover,' they're influenced by Kerouac's chains of flashing images and spontaneous writing, and that spreads out into the people". {{cite book|editor-first=Michael |editor-last=Schumacher|title=First Thought: Conversations with Allen Ginsberg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Ch0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT322|date=2017|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-1-4529-4995-6|pages=322–}}</ref> and "[[My Back Pages]]", which attacks the simplistic seriousness of his own earlier topical songs and seems to predict the backlash he was about to encounter from his former champions.<ref>Shelton, pp. 219–222.</ref>

In late 1964 and early 1965, Dylan moved from folk songwriter to [[folk-rock]] pop-music star. His jeans and work shirts were replaced by a [[Carnaby Street]] wardrobe, sunglasses day and night, and pointed "[[Beatle boot]]s". A London reporter noted "Hair that would set the teeth of a comb on edge. A loud shirt that would dim the neon lights of [[Leicester Square]]. He looks like an undernourished [[cockatoo]]."<ref>Shelton, pp. 267–271, 288–291.</ref> Dylan began to spar with interviewers. While on [[Les Crane]]'s television show, asked about a movie he planned, he told Crane it would be a "cowboy horror movie". Asked if he played the cowboy, Dylan replied, "No, I play my mother."<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 178–181.</ref>

=== 1965–1969: Going electric and motorcycle accident ===
{{Main|Electric Dylan controversy|Folk rock}}
[[File:Dont Look Back - Bob Dylan (1967 film poster).jpg|thumb|The [[cinéma vérité]] documentary ''[[Dont Look Back]]'' (1967) follows Dylan on his [[Bob Dylan England Tour 1965|1965 tour of England]]. An early music video for "[[Subterranean Homesick Blues]]" was used as the film's opening segment.]] Dylan's late March 1965 album, ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]'', was another leap,<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 181–182.</ref> featuring his first recordings with electric instruments, under producer Tom Wilson's guidance.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/the-culture/the-greatest-music-producer-youve-never-heard-of-is/|title=The Greatest Music Producer You've Never Heard of Is...|author=Michael Hall|magazine=Texas Monthly|date=January 6, 2014|access-date=May 17, 2019}}</ref> The first single, "[[Subterranean Homesick Blues]]", owed much to [[Chuck Berry]]'s "[[Too Much Monkey Business]]",<ref>Heylin (2009), pp. 220–222.</ref> its free-association lyrics described as harking back to the energy of [[beat poetry]] and as a forerunner of [[rapping|rap]] and [[Hip hop music|hip-hop]].<ref>Marqusee, p. 144.</ref> The song was provided with an early music video, which opened [[D. A. Pennebaker]]'s [[cinéma vérité]] presentation of Dylan's 1965 British tour, ''[[Dont Look Back]]''.<ref>Gill, pp. 68–69.</ref> Instead of miming, Dylan illustrated the lyrics by throwing cue cards containing key words on the ground. Pennebaker said the sequence was Dylan's idea, and it has been imitated in music videos and advertisements.<ref>Lee, p. 18.</ref>

The second side of ''Bringing It All Back Home'' contained four long songs on which Dylan accompanied himself on acoustic guitar and harmonica.<ref name="Sounes-168">Sounes, pp. 168–169.</ref> "[[Mr. Tambourine Man]]" became one of his best-known songs when [[The Byrds]] recorded an electric version, which reached number one in the US and UK.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Warwick|first1=N.|last2=Brown|first2=T.|last3=Kutner|first3=J.|year=2004|title=The Complete Book of the British Charts|edition=Third|page=6|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-1-84449-058-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Whitburn|first=J.|page=130|year=2008|title=Top Pop Singles 1955–2006|publisher=Record Research Inc|isbn=978-0-89820-172-7}}</ref> "[[It's All Over Now, Baby Blue]]" and "[[It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)]]" were two of Dylan's most important compositions.<ref name="Sounes-168"/><ref>Shelton, pp. 276–277.</ref>

In 1965, headlining the [[Newport Folk Festival]], Dylan performed his first electric set since high school with a [[pickup group]] featuring [[Mike Bloomfield]] on guitar and [[Al Kooper]] on organ.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 208–216.</ref> Dylan had appeared at Newport in 1963 and 1964, but in 1965 he was met with cheering and booing and left the stage after three songs. One version has it that the boos were from folk fans whom Dylan had alienated by appearing, unexpectedly, with an electric guitar. [[Murray Lerner]], who filmed the performance, said: "I absolutely think that they were booing Dylan going electric."<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2007/10/exclusive_dylan_at_newport_who.html| title=Exclusive: Dylan at Newport—Who Booed?| work=[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]| date=October 25, 2007| access-date=September 7, 2008| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412210946/http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2007/10/exclusive_dylan_at_newport_who.html| archive-date=April 12, 2009| df=mdy-all}}</ref> An alternative account claims audience members were upset by poor sound and a short set.<ref>{{cite news|page=3 |url=http://blogs.citypages.com/gimmenoise/2010/04/al_kooper_talks.php?page=3 |title=Al Kooper talks Dylan, Conan, Hendrix, and lifetime in the music business |work=City Pages |publisher=Village Voice Media |date=April 28, 2010 |access-date=May 1, 2010 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429151407/http://blogs.citypages.com/gimmenoise/2010/04/al_kooper_talks.php?page=3 |archive-date=April 29, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://buffaloreport.com/020826dylan.html|author=Jackson, Bruce|date=August 26, 2002|access-date=May 8, 2010|title=The myth of Newport '65: It wasn't Bob Dylan they were booing|publisher=Buffalo Report| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080223005652/http://buffaloreport.com/020826dylan.html| archive-date=February 23, 2008|url-status=unfit}}</ref>

Dylan's performance provoked a hostile response from the folk music establishment.<ref>Shelton, pp. 305–314.</ref><ref>A year earlier, [[Irwin Silber]], editor of ''[[Sing Out!]]'', had published an "Open Letter to Bob Dylan", criticizing Dylan's stepping away from political songwriting: "I saw at Newport how you had somehow lost contact with people. Some of the paraphernalia of fame were getting in your way." ''Sing Out!'', November 1964, quoted in Shelton, p. 313. This letter has been mistakenly described as a response to Dylan's 1965 Newport appearance.</ref> In the September issue of ''[[Sing Out!]]'', [[Ewan MacColl]] wrote: "Our traditional songs and ballads are the creations of extraordinarily talented artists working inside disciplines formulated over time.... 'But what of Bobby Dylan?' scream the outraged teenagers.... Only a completely non-critical audience, nourished on the watery pap of pop music, could have fallen for such tenth-rate drivel".<ref>''Sing Out!'', September 1965, quoted in Shelton, p. 313.</ref> On July 29, four days after Newport, Dylan was back in the studio in New York, recording "[[Positively 4th Street]]". The lyrics contained images of vengeance and paranoia,<ref>"You got a lotta nerve/To say you are my friend/When I was down/You just stood there grinning" Reproduced online: {{Cite web|title=Positively 4th Street &#124; The Official Bob Dylan Site|url=http://www.bobdylan.com/songs/positively-4th-street/|access-date=February 12, 2023|website=bobdylan.com}}</ref> and have been interpreted as Dylan's put-down of former friends from the folk community he had known in clubs along [[4th Street (Manhattan)|West 4th Street]].<ref>Sounes, p. 186.</ref>

''' ''Highway 61 Revisited'' and ''Blonde on Blonde'' '''
{{listen|type=music|filename=Bob Dylan - Like a Rolling Stone.ogg|title="Like a Rolling Stone"|description=Dylan's 1965 hit single, which appeared on the album ''[[Highway 61 Revisited]]''. In 2004, it was chosen as the greatest song of all time by ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine.<ref name="RS500" />}}

In July 1965, Dylan's six-minute single "[[Like a Rolling Stone]]" peaked at number two in the US chart. In 2004 and in 2011, ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' listed it as number one on "[[The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time]]".<ref name=LARS/><ref name="RS500">{{cite magazine| url=http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/500songs| title=The RS 500 Greatest Songs of All Time| access-date=January 6, 2020| magazine=Rolling Stone| date=December 9, 2004| archive-date=October 25, 2006| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061025051406/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/500songs| url-status=dead| format=To see 2004 publishing date, click "Like a Rolling Stone" and scroll to the bottom of the resulting page}}</ref> [[Bruce Springsteen]] recalled first hearing the song: "that snare shot sounded like somebody'd kicked open the door to your mind."<ref name="Springsteen">{{cite web| title=Bruce Springsteen Inducts Bob Dylan| publisher=[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]| year=1988| url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/bob-dylan}}</ref> The song opened Dylan's next album, ''[[Highway 61 Revisited]]'', named after the road that led from Dylan's Minnesota to the musical hotbed of [[New Orleans]].<ref>Gill, pp. 87–88.</ref> The songs were in the same vein as the hit single, flavored by Mike Bloomfield's blues guitar and Al Kooper's organ riffs. "[[Desolation Row]]", backed by acoustic guitar and understated bass,<ref>Polizzotti identifies [[Charlie McCoy]] on guitar and [[Russ Savakus]] on bass as the musicians, see Polizzotti, ''Highway 61 Revisited'', p. 133</ref> offers the sole exception, with Dylan alluding to figures in Western culture in a song described by Andy Gill as "an 11-minute epic of entropy, which takes the form of a [[Federico Fellini|Fellini-esque]] parade of grotesques and oddities featuring a huge cast of celebrated characters".<ref>Gill, p. 89.</ref> Poet [[Philip Larkin]], who also reviewed jazz for ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', wrote "I'm afraid I poached Bob Dylan's ''Highway 61 Revisited'' (CBS) out of curiosity and found myself well rewarded."<ref>Larkin, 1985, ''All What Jazz: A Record Diary'', p. 151.</ref>

[[File:Bob-Dylan-arrived-at-Arlanda-surrounded-by-twenty-bodyguards-and-assistants-391770740297 (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Dylan in 1966]]
In support of the album, Dylan was booked for two US concerts with Al Kooper and [[Harvey Brooks (bassist)|Harvey Brooks]] from his studio crew and [[Robbie Robertson]] and [[Levon Helm]], former members of [[Ronnie Hawkins]]'s backing band [[The Hawks (band)|the Hawks]].<ref>Heylin (1996), pp. 80–81</ref> On August 28 at Forest Hills Tennis Stadium, the group was heckled by an audience still annoyed by Dylan's electric sound, though their reception on September 3 at the [[Hollywood Bowl]] was more favorable.<ref>Sounes, pp. 189–190.</ref> 

From September 24, 1965, in Austin, Texas, Dylan toured the US and Canada for six months, backed by the five musicians from the Hawks who became known as [[the Band]].<ref>Heylin (1996), pp. 82–94</ref> While Dylan and the Hawks met increasingly receptive audiences, their studio efforts floundered. Producer [[Bob Johnston]] persuaded Dylan to record in [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] in February 1966, and surrounded him with top-notch session men. At Dylan's insistence, Robertson and Kooper came from New York City to play on the sessions.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 238–243.</ref> The Nashville sessions produced the double album ''[[Blonde on Blonde]]'' (1966), featuring what Dylan called "that thin wild mercury sound".<ref>"The closest I ever got to the sound I hear in my mind was on individual bands in the ''Blonde on Blonde'' album. It's that thin, that wild mercury sound. It's metallic and bright gold, with whatever that conjures up." Dylan Interview, ''Playboy'', March 1978; reprinted in Cott, ''Dylan on Dylan: The Essential Interviews'', p. 204.</ref> Kooper described it as "taking two cultures and smashing them together with a huge explosion": the musical worlds of Nashville and of the "quintessential New York hipster" Bob Dylan.<ref>Gill, p. 95.</ref>

On November 22, 1965, Dylan quietly married 25-year-old former model [[Sara Dylan|Sara Lownds]].<ref name="Sounes-p193">Sounes, p. 193.</ref> Some of Dylan's friends, including Ramblin' Jack Elliott, say that, immediately after the event, Dylan denied he was married.<ref name="Sounes-p193"/> Writer [[Nora Ephron]] made the news public in the ''[[New York Post]]'' in February 1966 with the headline "Hush! Bob Dylan is wed".<ref>Shelton, p. 325.</ref>

Dylan toured Australia and Europe in April and May 1966. Each show was split in two. Dylan performed solo during the first half, accompanying himself on [[Steel-string guitar|acoustic guitar]] and harmonica. In the second, backed by the Hawks, he played electrically amplified music. This contrast provoked many fans, who jeered and [[slow clap]]ped.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 244–261.</ref> The tour culminated in a raucous confrontation between Dylan and his audience at the Manchester [[Free Trade Hall]] in England on May 17, 1966.<ref>{{cite magazine| url =https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-album-reviews/the-bootleg-series-vol-4-the-royal-albert-hall-concert-193009/ | title = The Bootleg Series, Vol. 4: The "Royal Albert Hall" Concert| date = October 6, 1998| access-date= January 25, 2020|magazine= Rolling Stone}}</ref> A recording of this concert was released in 1998: ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966, The "Royal Albert Hall" Concert|The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966]]''. At the climax of the evening, a member of the audience, angered by Dylan's electric backing, shouted: "[[Judas Iscariot|Judas]]!" to which Dylan responded, "I don't believe you&nbsp;... You're a liar!" Dylan turned to his band and said, "Play it fucking loud!"<ref>Dylan's dialogue with the Manchester audience is recorded (with subtitles) in Martin Scorsese's documentary ''[[No Direction Home]]''</ref>

During his 1966 tour, Dylan was described as exhausted and acting "as if on a death trip".<ref>Heylin (2011), p. 251.</ref> D. A. Pennebaker, the filmmaker accompanying the tour, described Dylan as "taking a lot of amphetamine and who-knows-what-else".<ref>Heylin (2011), p. 250.</ref> In a 1969 interview with [[Jann Wenner]], Dylan said, "I was on the road for almost five years. It wore me down. I was on drugs, a lot of things&nbsp;... just to keep going, you know?"<ref>''Rolling Stone'', November 29, 1969. Reprinted in Cott (ed.), ''Dylan on Dylan: The Essential Interviews'', p. 140.</ref>

On July 29, 1966, Dylan crashed his motorcycle, a [[Triumph Tiger 100]], near his home in [[Woodstock, New York]]. Dylan said he broke several [[vertebrae]] in his neck.<ref name="Sounes-217">Sounes, pp. 217–219.</ref> The circumstances of the accident are unclear since no ambulance was called to the scene and Dylan was not hospitalized.<ref name="Sounes-217" /><ref name="crash">{{cite web|url=http://www.americanheritage.com/email/articles/web/20060729-bob-dylan-motorcycle-woodstock-methamphetamine-robert-shelton-howard-sounes-ed-thaler.shtml |title=The Bob Dylan Motorcycle-Crash Mystery |author=Scherman, Tony |date=July 29, 2006 |access-date=June 18, 2014 |publisher=American Heritage |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061106200746/http://www.americanheritage.com/email/articles/web/20060729-bob-dylan-motorcycle-woodstock-methamphetamine-robert-shelton-howard-sounes-ed-thaler.shtml |archive-date=November 6, 2006 }}</ref> Dylan's biographers have written that the crash offered him the chance to escape the pressures around him.<ref name="Sounes-217" /><ref name="shades268">Heylin (2000), p. 268.</ref> Dylan concurred: "I had been in a motorcycle accident and I'd been hurt, but I recovered. Truth was that I wanted to get out of the rat race."<ref>Dylan, ''[[Chronicles: Volume One]]'' p. 114.</ref> He made very few public appearances, and did not tour again for almost eight years.<ref name="crash" /><ref>Heylin (1996), p. 143.</ref>

Once Dylan was well enough to resume creative work, he began to edit D. A. Pennebaker's film of his 1966 tour. A rough cut was shown to ABC Television, but they rejected it as incomprehensible to mainstream audiences.<ref>Sounes, p. 216.</ref> The film, titled ''[[Eat the Document]]'' on [[Bootleg recording|bootleg]] copies, has since been screened at a few film festivals.<ref>Lee, pp. 39–63.</ref> Secluded from public gaze, Dylan recorded [[List of Basement Tapes songs|over 100 songs]] during 1967 at his Woodstock home and in the basement of the Hawks' nearby house, "[[Big Pink]]".<ref>Sounes, pp. 222–225.</ref> These songs were initially offered as demos for other artists to record and were hits for [[Julie Driscoll]], the Byrds, and Manfred Mann. The public heard these recordings when ''[[Great White Wonder]]'', the first "[[bootleg recording]]", appeared in West Coast shops in July 1969, containing Dylan material recorded in Minneapolis in 1961 and seven Basement Tapes songs. This record gave birth to a minor industry in the illicit release of recordings by Dylan and other major rock artists.<ref>Heylin, 2011, ''Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: The 20th Anniversary Edition'', p. 280.</ref> Columbia released a Basement selection in 1975 as ''[[The Basement Tapes]]''.

In late 1967, Dylan returned to studio recording in Nashville,<ref name="BjornerJWH">{{cite web|title=Columbia Studio A, Nashville, Tennessee, John Wesley Harding sessions|url=http://www.bjorner.com/DSN01620%201967.htm#DSN01640|access-date=November 10, 2008|publisher=Bjorner's Still On the Road}}</ref> accompanied by [[Charlie McCoy]] on bass,<ref name="BjornerJWH" /> [[Kenny Buttrey]] on drums<ref name="BjornerJWH" /> and [[Pete Drake]] on steel guitar.<ref name="BjornerJWH" /> The result was ''[[John Wesley Harding]]'', a record of short songs thematically drawing on the [[American West]] and [[the Bible]]. The sparse structure and instrumentation, with lyrics that took the [[Judeo-Christian]] tradition seriously, was a departure from Dylan's previous work.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 282–288.</ref> It included "[[All Along the Watchtower]]", famously covered by [[Jimi Hendrix]].<ref name="Crowe-1985">[[Biograph (album)|''Biograph'']], 1985, Liner notes & text by [[Cameron Crowe]].</ref><ref group="a">Later recorded by [[Jimi Hendrix]], whose version Dylan acknowledged as definitive.</ref> [[Woody Guthrie]] died in October 1967, and Dylan made his first live appearance in twenty months at a memorial concert held at [[Carnegie Hall]] on January 20, 1968, where he was backed by the Band.<ref>Heylin (2011), p. 289.</ref>
{{Listen|type=music
 |filename=Lay Lady Lay.ogg
 |title = "Lay Lady Lay"
 |description= "[[Lay Lady Lay]]", on the country album ''[[Nashville Skyline]]'', has been one of Dylan's biggest hits, reaching No. 7 in the US.<ref>Shelton, p. 463.</ref>}}

''[[Nashville Skyline]]'' (1969), featured Nashville musicians, a mellow-voiced Dylan, a duet with [[Johnny Cash]] and the single "[[Lay Lady Lay]]".<ref>Gill, p. 140.</ref> ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' wrote, "Dylan is definitely doing something that can be called singing. Somehow he has managed to add an octave to his range."<ref>Shelton (2011), p. 273.</ref> During one recording session, Dylan and Cash recorded a series of duets, but only their version of "[[Girl from the North Country]]" appeared on the album.<ref name =cashdylan>{{cite web| url = http://www.bjorner.com/DSN01679%201969.htm#DSN01690| title = 5th Nashville Skyline session, 18 February 1969| author = Bjorner, Olof| date = November 21, 2015| access-date=October 31, 2016| publisher = bjorner.com}}</ref><ref name =mornings>{{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3s_KYywhd_8| title=Johnny Cash and Bob Dylan record 'One Too Many Mornings'| date=February 18, 1969| access-date=October 31, 2016| publisher=YouTube}}</ref> The album influenced the nascent genre of [[country rock]].<ref name="EncBr" />

In 1969, Dylan was asked to write songs for ''Scratch'', [[Archibald MacLeish]]'s musical adaptation of "[[The Devil and Daniel Webster]]". MacLeish initially praised Dylan's contributions, writing to him "Those songs of yours have been haunting me—and exciting me," but creative differences led to Dylan leaving the project. Some of the songs were later recorded by Dylan in a revised form.<ref name =MacL>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/03/theater/bob-dylan-scratch-broadway-macleish.html|title=Bob Dylan's First Musical Had a Devil of a Time|author=Langer, Adam|date=November 3, 2020|access-date = February 15, 2024|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> In May 1969, Dylan appeared on the first episode of ''[[The Johnny Cash Show]]'' where he sang a duet with Cash on "Girl from the North Country" and played solos of "Living the Blues" and "[[I Threw It All Away]]". Dylan traveled to England to top the bill at the [[Isle of Wight Festival 1969|Isle of Wight Festival]] on August 31, 1969, after rejecting overtures to appear at the [[Woodstock Festival]] closer to home.<ref>Sounes, pp. 248–253.</ref>

===1970–1979: Return to touring and Christian music ===
In the early 1970s, critics charged that Dylan's output was varied and unpredictable. [[Greil Marcus]] asked "What is this shit?" upon first hearing ''[[Self Portrait (Bob Dylan album)|Self Portrait]]'', released in June 1970.<ref>{{cite magazine| last=Marcus| first=Greil| title=Self Portrait| date=June 8, 1970| magazine=Rolling Stone| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-album-reviews/self-portrait-107056/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/may/15/bob-dylan-writings-marcus-review| title=Bob Dylan: Writings 1968–2010 by Greil Marcus| author=Ford, Mark| date=May 14, 2011| access-date=August 20, 2011| work=The Guardian| location=London}}</ref> It was a double LP including few original songs and was poorly received.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=Bob+Dylan| title=Self Portrait| author=Christgau, Robert| access-date=May 2, 2010| website=robertchristgau.com}}</ref> In October 1970, Dylan released ''[[New Morning]]'', considered a return to form.<ref>Shelton, p. 482.</ref> The title track was from Dylan's ill-fated collaboration with MacLeish,<ref name =MacL/> and "[[Day of the Locusts]]" was his account of receiving an honorary degree from [[Princeton University]] on June 9, 1970.<ref>Heylin, 2009, ''Revolution in the Air, The Songs of Bob Dylan: Volume One'', pp. 414–415.</ref> In November 1968, Dylan co-wrote "[[I'd Have You Anytime]]" with George Harrison;<ref>Heylin (2009), pp. 391–392.</ref> Harrison recorded that song and Dylan's "[[If Not for You]]" for his album ''[[All Things Must Pass]]''. [[Olivia Newton-John]] covered "If Not For You" on her [[If Not for You (album)|debut album]] and "[[The Man in Me]]" was prominently featured in the film ''[[The Big Lebowski]]'' (1998).

''[[Tarantula (poetry collection)|Tarantula]]'', a freeform book of prose-poetry, had been written by Dylan during a creative burst in 1964&ndash;65.<ref>Heylin,  2011, ''Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: The 20th Anniversary Edition'', pp. 195–198.</ref> Dylan shelved his book for several years, apparently uncertain of its status,<ref>Heylin,  2011, ''Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: The 20th Anniversary Edition'', pp. 264–6.</ref> until he suddenly informed [[Macmillan Inc.|Macmillan]] at the end of 1970 that the time had come to publish it.<ref>Heylin,  2011, ''Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: The 20th Anniversary Edition'', p. 325.</ref> The book attracted negative reviews but later critics have suggested its affinities with ''[[Finnegans Wake]]'' and ''[[A Season in Hell]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.bobdylan.com/books/tarantula/| title = Tarantula| author =Spitzer, Mark| date = November 27, 2013| access-date = March 12, 2024| website =bobdylan.com}}</ref>

Between March 16 and 19, 1971, Dylan recorded with [[Leon Russell]] at [[Blue Rock Studio|Blue Rock]], a small studio in Greenwich Village. These sessions resulted in "[[Watching the River Flow]]" and a new recording of "[[When I Paint My Masterpiece]]".<ref>Heylin (1996), p. 128.</ref> On November 4, 1971, Dylan recorded "[[George Jackson (song)|George Jackson]]", which he released a week later. For many, the single was a surprising return to protest material, mourning the killing of [[Black Panther Party|Black Panther]] [[George Jackson (Black Panther)|George Jackson]] in [[San Quentin State Prison]].<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 342–343.</ref> Dylan's surprise appearance at Harrison's [[Concert for Bangladesh]] on August 1, 1971, attracted media coverage as his live appearances had become rare.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 328–331.</ref>

In 1972, Dylan joined [[Sam Peckinpah]]'s film ''[[Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid]]'', providing [[Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid (album)|the soundtrack]] and playing "Alias", a member of Billy's gang.<ref>C. P. Lee wrote: "In Garrett's ghost-written memoir, ''[[The Authentic Life of Billy, the Kid]]'', published within a year of Billy's death, he wrote that 'Billy's partner doubtless had a name which was his legal property, but he was so given to changing it that it is impossible to fix on the right one. Billy always called him Alias.{{'"}} Lee, pp. 66–67.</ref> Despite the film's failure at the box office, "[[Knockin' on Heaven's Door]]" became one of Dylan's most covered songs.<ref>{{cite web|last=Björner|first=Olof|title=Dylan covers sorted by song name: k|url=http://www.bjorner.com/songsk.htm|website=bjorner.com|access-date=June 11, 2012|archive-date=June 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614222552/http://www.bjorner.com/songsk.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Artists to have covered the song include [[Bryan Ferry]], [[Wyclef Jean]] and [[Guns N' Roses]]. {{cite web | url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=11376880| title=Dylan's Legacy Keeps Growing, Cover By Cover| date=June 26, 2007 | access-date=October 1, 2008 | publisher=[[NPR Music]]}}</ref> That same year, Dylan protested the move to deport [[John Lennon]] and [[Yoko Ono]], who had been convicted for [[marijuana]] possession, by sending a letter to the US [[Immigration and Naturalization Service|Immigration Service]] which read in part: "Hurray for John & Yoko. Let them stay and live here and breathe. The country's got plenty of room and space. Let John and Yoko stay!"<ref>[http://www.lettersofnote.com/2010/11/bob-dylan-let-john-and-yoko-stay.html "Letters of Note"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031150444/http://www.lettersofnote.com/2010/11/bob-dylan-let-john-and-yoko-stay.html |date=October 31, 2016 }}, November 18, 2010</ref>

[[File:Bob Dylan and The Band - 1974.jpg|thumb|alt=Dylan together with three musicians from The Band onstage. Dylan is third from left, wearing a black jacket and pants. He is singing and playing an electric guitar.|Bob Dylan and [[the Band]] commenced their 1974 tour in Chicago on January 3.<ref>Heylin (2011), p. 360</ref>]]

Dylan began 1973 by signing with a new label, [[David Geffen]]'s [[Asylum Records]], when his contract with Columbia Records expired.<ref>Heylin (2011), pp. 352–354</ref> His next album, ''[[Planet Waves]]'', was recorded in the fall of 1973, using the Band as his backing group as they rehearsed for a major tour.<ref>Heylin (2011), pp. 354–360</ref> The album included two versions of [[Forever Young (Bob Dylan song)|"Forever Young"]], which became one of his most popular songs.<ref name="Sounes-p273">Sounes, pp. 273–274.</ref> As one critic described it, the song projected "something hymnal and heartfelt that spoke of the father in Dylan",<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 354.</ref> and Dylan said "I wrote it thinking about one of my boys and not wanting to be too sentimental".<ref name="Crowe-1985"/> Columbia Records simultaneously released ''[[Dylan (1973 album)|Dylan]]'', a collection of studio outtakes, widely interpreted as a churlish response to Dylan's signing with a rival record label.<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 358.</ref>

In January 1974, Dylan, backed by the Band, embarked on a [[Bob Dylan and The Band 1974 Tour|North American tour]] of 40 concerts—his first tour for seven years. A live double album, ''[[Before the Flood (album)|Before the Flood]]'', was released on Asylum Records. Soon, according to [[Clive Davis]], Columbia Records sent word they "will spare nothing to bring Dylan back into the fold".<ref name="Shelton-378">Shelton, p. 378.</ref> Dylan had second thoughts about Asylum, unhappy that Geffen had sold only 600,000 copies of ''Planet Waves'' despite millions of unfulfilled ticket requests for the 1974 tour;<ref>Heylin (2011), p. 358</ref> he returned to Columbia Records, which reissued his two Asylum albums.<ref>Shelton (1986), p. 436</ref>

{{Listen|type=music
 |filename=Tangled Up In Blue.ogg
 |title = "Tangled Up in Blue"
 |description= Dylan said of the opening song from ''[[Blood on the Tracks]]'': "I was trying to deal with the concept of time, and the way the characters change from the first person to the third person, and you're never sure if the first person is talking or the third person. But as you look at the whole thing it really doesn't matter."<ref name="Crowe-1985"/>}}

After the tour, Dylan and his wife became estranged. He filled three small notebooks with songs about relationships and ruptures, and recorded the album ''[[Blood on the Tracks]]'' in September 1974.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 368–383.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.nodepression.com/bob-dylans-three-blood-on-the-tracks-notebooks-not-just-red/ | author=Daniel, Anne Margaret |title=Bob Dylan's Three "Blood on the Tracks" Notebooks: Not Just Red|date=January 1, 2019 | access-date=April 18, 2022| website=No Depression}}</ref> Dylan delayed the album's release and re-recorded half the songs at [[Sound 80]] Studios in Minneapolis with production assistance from his brother, David Zimmerman.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 369–387.</ref> Released in early 1975, ''Blood on the Tracks'' received mixed reviews. In ''[[NME]]'', [[Nick Kent]] described the "accompaniments" as "often so trashy they sound like mere practice takes".<ref name="Heylin 383">Heylin (2000), p. 383.</ref> In ''Rolling Stone'', [[Jon Landau]] wrote that "the record has been made with typical shoddiness".<ref name="Heylin 383"/> Over the years critics came to see it as one of Dylan's masterpieces. In ''[[Salon (website)|Salon]]'', journalist Bill Wyman wrote: <blockquote>''Blood on the Tracks'' is his only flawless album and his best produced; the songs, each of them, are constructed in disciplined fashion. It is his kindest album and most dismayed, and seems in hindsight to have achieved a sublime balance between the logorrhea-plagued excesses of his mid-1960s output and the self-consciously simple compositions of his post-accident years.<ref>{{cite news| title=Bob Dylan | work=[[Salon (website)|Salon]] | date=May 5, 2001 | url=http://www.salon.com/2001/05/22/dylan_3/ | access-date=September 7, 2008 }}</ref></blockquote>
[[File:Ginsberg-dylan.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Dylan, wearing a hat and leather coat, plays guitar and sings, seated. Crouched next to him is a bearded man, listening to him with head bent.|Bob Dylan with [[Allen Ginsberg]] on the [[Rolling Thunder Revue]] in 1975]]

In the middle of 1975, Dylan championed boxer [[Rubin Carter|Rubin "Hurricane" Carter]], imprisoned for triple murder, with his ballad "[[Hurricane (Bob Dylan song)|Hurricane]]" making the case for Carter's innocence. Despite its length—over eight minutes—the song was released as a single, peaking at 33 on the US [[Billboard Hot 100|Billboard chart]], and performed at every 1975 date of Dylan's next tour, the [[Rolling Thunder Revue]].<ref group="a">According to Shelton, Dylan named the tour Rolling Thunder and then "appeared pleased when someone told him to [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|native Americans]], rolling thunder means speaking the truth." A [[Cherokee]] [[Medicine man#The medicine man and woman in North America|medicine man]] named Rolling Thunder appeared on stage at Providence, RI, "stroking a feather in time to the music." Shelton (2011), p. 310.</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Log of every performance of "Hurricane"| publisher=Bjorner's Still on the Road| date=August 20, 2006| url=http://www.bjorner.com/sixh.htm| access-date=July 7, 2013| archive-date=November 30, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130071616/http://www.bjorner.com/sixh.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> Running through late 1975 and again through early 1976, the tour featured about one hundred performers and supporters from the Greenwich Village folk scene, among them Ramblin' Jack Elliott, [[T-Bone Burnett]], [[Joni Mitchell]],<ref name=Kokay>{{cite web|author=Kokay, Les via Olof Björner|title=''Songs of the Underground: a collector's guide to the Rolling Thunder Revue 1975–1976''|year=2000|url=http://www.bjorner.com/Underground.htm|access-date=February 18, 2007|archive-date=April 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428074102/http://www.bjorner.com/Underground.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Sloman>{{cite book| author=Sloman, Larry|author-link=Larry Sloman|title=On The Road with Bob Dylan|publisher=Three Rivers Press|isbn=978-1-4000-4596-9|year=2002}}</ref> [[David Mansfield]], [[Roger McGuinn]], [[Mick Ronson]], [[Ronee Blakely]], Joan Baez and [[Scarlet Rivera]], whom Dylan discovered walking down the street, her violin case on her back.<ref>Gray (2006), p. 579.</ref> The tour encompassed the January 1976 release of the album ''[[Desire (Bob Dylan album)|Desire]]''. Many of ''Desire'''s songs featuring a [[travel literature|travelogue]]-like narrative style, influenced by Dylan's new collaborator, playwright [[Jacques Levy]].<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 386–401.</ref><ref>Gray (2006), p. 408.</ref> The 1976 half of the tour was documented by a TV concert special, ''Hard Rain'', and the LP ''[[Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album)|Hard Rain]]''.

[[File:Bob Dylan 1978.jpg|thumb|upright|Dylan performing in the [[De Kuip]] Stadium, Rotterdam, June 23, 1978]]
The 1975 tour with the Revue provided the backdrop to Dylan's film ''[[Renaldo and Clara]]'', a sprawling narrative mixed with concert footage and reminiscences. Actor and playwright [[Sam Shepard]] accompanied the Revue and was to serve as screenwriter, but much of the film was improvised. Released in 1978, it received negative, sometimes scathing, reviews.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9A03EFD71330E631A25755C2A9679C946990D6CF| title =''Renaldo and Clara'', Film by Bob Dylan: Rolling Thunder| first=Janet|last=Maslin|author-link=Janet Maslin| date = January 26, 1978| access-date=May 24, 2019| work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>Sounes, p. 313.</ref> Later in the year, a two-hour edit, dominated by the concert performances, was more widely released.<ref>Lee, pp. 115–116.</ref> In November 1976, Dylan appeared at the Band's farewell concert with [[Eric Clapton]], [[Muddy Waters]], [[Van Morrison]], [[Neil Young]] and Joni Mitchell. [[Martin Scorsese]]'s 1978 film of the concert, ''[[The Last Waltz]]'', included most of Dylan's set.<ref>{{cite magazine| last=Fear| first=David| date=November 25, 2020| title= Why The Band's 'The Last Waltz' Is The Greatest Concert Movie of All Time| magazine=Rolling Stone| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/feature/why-the-bands-the-last-waltz-is-the-greatest-concert-movie-of-all-time-104637/}}</ref>
[[File:Bob Dylan 1978 Japan Tour Promotional Poster.jpg|alt=A promotional poster released by CBS to promote Bob Dylan's 1978 Japan tour. The Japanese caption on the poster translates as, "If you see Bob Dylan, say hello."|left|thumb|A promotional poster released by CBS to promote Bob Dylan's 1978 Japan tour. The Japanese caption on the poster translates as, "If you see Bob Dylan, say hello."]]
In 1978, Dylan embarked on a [[1978 Tour|year-long world tour]], performing 114 shows in Japan, the Far East, Europe and North America, to a total audience of two million. Dylan assembled an eight-piece band and three backing singers. Concerts in Tokyo in February and March were released as the live double album ''[[Bob Dylan at Budokan]]''.<ref name="Sounes314">Sounes, pp. 314–316.</ref> Reviews were mixed. [[Robert Christgau]] awarded the album a C+ rating,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=Bob+Dylan| title=Robert Christgau: Bob Dylan| author=Christgau, Robert| access-date=August 4, 2010| publisher=Robertchristgau.com}}</ref> while Janet Maslin defended it: "These latest live versions of his old songs have the effect of liberating Bob Dylan from the originals".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/at-budokan-19790712|title=Bob Dylan at Budokan|author=Maslin, Janet|author-link=Janet Maslin|date=July 12, 1979|access-date=August 4, 2010|magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> When Dylan brought the tour to the US in September 1978, the press described the look and sound as a "Las Vegas Tour".<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 483.</ref> The 1978 tour grossed more than $20&nbsp;million, and Dylan told the ''Los Angeles Times'' that he had debts because "I had a couple of bad years. I put a lot of money into the movie, built a big house &nbsp;... and it costs a lot to get divorced in California."<ref name="Sounes314"/> In April and May 1978, Dylan took the same band and vocalists into Rundown Studios in [[Santa Monica]], California, to record an album of new material, ''[[Street-Legal (album)|Street-Legal]]''.<ref>Heylin (2011), pp. 479–481.</ref> It was described by [[Michael Gray (author)|Michael Gray]] as "after ''Blood On The Tracks'', arguably Dylan's best record of the 1970s: a crucial album documenting a crucial period in Dylan's own life".<ref>Gray (2006), p. 643.</ref> However, it had poor sound and mixing (attributed to Dylan's studio practices), muddying the instrumental detail until a remastered CD release in 1999 restored some of the songs' strengths.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 480–481.</ref><ref>Barker (2019), ''Bob Dylan Anthology, Volume 3''. p. 357.</ref>

{{Listen|type=music
 |filename=Gotta_Serve_Somebody.ogg
 |title = "Gotta Serve Somebody"
 |description=Dylan took five months off at the beginning of 1979 to attend Bible school.<ref name="Crowe-1985"/> His subsequent album ''[[Slow Train Coming]]'' reached No. 3 on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] chart and included this [[Grammy Award|Grammy]]-winning song.}}

In the late 1970s, Dylan converted to [[Evangelical Christianity]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9RS_RuJf4dUC&pg=PA324|pages=324–325|title=Down The Highway: The Life Of Bob Dylan|author=Howard Sounes|publisher=Random House|date= September 30, 2011|isbn=978-1-4464-6475-5}}</ref><ref name =Vineyard/> undertaking a three-month discipleship course run by the [[Association of Vineyard Churches]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dd5EmZDdScoC&pg=PA494|pages=494–496|title=Behind the Shades: The 20th Anniversary Edition|author=Clinton Heylin|publisher=Faber & Faber|date= April 1, 2011|isbn=978-0-571-27241-9}}</ref><ref>Dylan Interview with Karen Hughes, ''The Dominion'', Wellington, New Zealand, May 21, 1980; reprinted in Cott (ed.), ''Dylan on Dylan: The Essential Interviews'', pp. 275–278</ref> He released three albums of contemporary [[gospel music]]. ''[[Slow Train Coming]]'' (1979) featured [[Dire Straits]] guitarist [[Mark Knopfler]] and was produced by veteran R&B producer [[Jerry Wexler]]. Wexler said that Dylan had tried to evangelize him during the recording. He replied: "Bob, you're dealing with a 62-year-old Jewish atheist. Let's just make an album."<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 501–503.</ref> Dylan won the [[Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance]] for the song "[[Gotta Serve Somebody]]". When touring in late 1979 and early 1980, Dylan would not play his older, secular works, and he delivered declarations of his faith from the stage, such as:

{{blockquote|Years ago they&nbsp;... said I was a prophet. I used to say, "No I'm not a prophet", they say "Yes you are, you're a prophet." I said, "No it's not me." They used to say "You sure are a prophet." They used to convince me I was a prophet. Now I come out and say Jesus Christ is the answer. They say, "Bob Dylan's no prophet." They just can't handle it.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bjorner.com/DSN05347%201980%20Second%20Gospel%20Tour.htm#DSN05410| title=Omaha, Nebraska, January&nbsp;25, 1980| author=Björner| date=June 8, 2001| access-date=September 11, 2008| publisher=Bjorner's Still on the Road| author-link=Olof Björner| archive-date=June 12, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612203634/http://www.bjorner.com/DSN05347%201980%20Second%20Gospel%20Tour.htm#DSN05410| url-status=dead}}</ref>}}

Dylan's Christianity was unpopular with some fans and musicians.<ref>Sounes, pp. 334–336.</ref> John Lennon, shortly before [[Murder of John Lennon|being murdered]], recorded "Serve Yourself" in response to "Gotta Serve Somebody".<ref>{{Cite book|first=Robert|last=Rosen|title=Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon|year=2002|publisher=Quick American Archives|page=137|isbn=978-0-932551-51-1}}</ref> In 1981, [[Stephen Holden]] wrote in ''The New York Times'' that "neither age (he's now 40) nor his much-publicized conversion to born-again Christianity has altered his essentially iconoclastic temperament".<ref>{{cite news|title=Rock: Dylan, in Jersey, Revises Old Standbys |work=The New York Times| first=Stephen | last=Holden |date=October 29, 1981 | page=C19|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/29/arts/rock-dylan-in-jersey-revises-old-standbys.html|access-date=May 12, 2010 }}</ref>

=== 1980–1989: Career fluctuations ===
In late 1980, Dylan briefly played concerts billed as "A Musical Retrospective", restoring popular 1960s songs to the repertoire. His second Christian album, ''[[Saved (Bob Dylan album)|Saved]]'' (1980), received mixed reviews, described by Michael Gray as "the nearest thing to a follow-up album Dylan has ever made, ''Slow Train Coming II'' and inferior".<ref>Gray (2000), p. 11.</ref> His third Christian album was ''[[Shot of Love]]'' (1981).<ref name="Thompson2000">{{cite book|author=John Joseph Thompson|title=Raised by Wolves: The Story of Christian Rock & Roll|url=https://archive.org/details/raisedbywolvesst0000thom|url-access=registration|year=2000|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-55022-421-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/raisedbywolvesst0000thom/page/n258 73]–}}</ref> The album featured his first secular compositions in more than two years, mixed with Christian songs. The lyrics of [[Every Grain of Sand (Bob Dylan song)|"Every Grain of Sand"]] recall [[William Blake]]'s "[[Auguries of Innocence]]".<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 215–221.</ref> [[Elvis Costello]] wrote that "''Shot of Love'' may not be your favorite Bob Dylan record, but it might contain his best song: 'Every Grain of Sand'."<ref>{{cite magazine| last=Costello| first=Elvis| title=Elvis Costello's 500 Must-Have Albums, from Rap to Classical| magazine=Vanity Fair| url=https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2000/11/elvis-costello-500-favorite-albums}}</ref>
[[File:Bob Dylan in Toronto2.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Dylan, onstage and with eyes closed, plays a chord on an electric guitar.|Dylan in Toronto, April 18, 1980]]
Reception of Dylan's 1980s recordings varied. Gray criticized Dylan's 1980s albums for carelessness in the studio and for failing to release his best songs.<ref>Gray (2000), pp. 11–14.</ref> ''[[Infidels (Bob Dylan album)|Infidels]]'' (1983) employed Knopfler again as lead guitarist and also as producer; the sessions resulted in several songs that Dylan left off the album. Best regarded of these were "[[Blind Willie McTell (song)|Blind Willie McTell]]", which was both a tribute to the [[Blind Willie McTell|eponymous blues musician]] and an evocation of [[African American history]],<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 56–59.</ref> "Foot of Pride" and "[[Lord Protect My Child]]". These three songs were later released on ''[[The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991]]''.<ref>Sounes, pp. 354–356.</ref>

Between July 1984 and March 1985, Dylan recorded ''[[Empire Burlesque]]''.<ref name=Sounes362>Sounes, p. 362.</ref> [[Arthur Baker (musician)|Arthur Baker]], who had remixed hits for Bruce Springsteen and [[Cyndi Lauper]], was asked to engineer and mix the album. Baker said he felt he was hired to make Dylan's album sound "a little bit more contemporary".<ref name=Sounes362/> In 1985 Dylan sang on [[USA for Africa]]'s famine relief single "[[We Are the World]]". He also joined [[Artists United Against Apartheid]], providing vocals for their single "[[Sun City (song)|Sun City]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3023454/steven-van-zandt-tells-the-story-of-sun-city-and-fighting-apartheid-in-south-africa |title=Steven Van Zandt Tells The Story Of 'Sun City' And Fighting Apartheid In South Africa |work=Fast Company |date=December 13, 2013 |access-date=May 14, 2017 |last1=Solomon |first1=Dan }}</ref> On July 13, 1985, he appeared at the [[Live Aid]] concert at [[JFK Stadium]], Philadelphia. Backed by [[Keith Richards]] and [[Ronnie Wood]], he performed a ragged version of "Ballad of Hollis Brown", a tale of rural poverty, and then said to the worldwide audience: "I hope that some of the money&nbsp;... maybe they can just take a little bit of it, maybe&nbsp;... one or two million, maybe&nbsp;... and use it to pay the mortgages on some of the farms and, the farmers here, owe to the banks".<ref>Sounes, p. 367.</ref> His remarks were widely criticized as inappropriate, but inspired [[Willie Nelson]] to organize a concert, [[Farm Aid]], to benefit debt-ridden American farmers.<ref>Sounes, pp. 365–367.</ref> 

In October 1985, Dylan released [[Biograph (album)|''Biograph'']], a box set featuring 53 tracks, 18 of them previously unreleased. [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] wrote: "Historically, ''Biograph'' is significant not for what it did for Dylan's career, but for establishing the box set, complete with hits and rarities, as a viable part of rock history."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/biograph-mw0000189728#:~:text=AllMusic%20Review&text=But%20Biograph%20is%20really%20remarkable,the%20more%20impressive%20in%20retrospect.| title=Biograph Review| author=Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| access-date=February 28, 2024| website=allmusic.com}}</ref> ''Biograph'' also contained liner notes by [[Cameron Crowe]] in which Dylan discussed the origins of some of his songs.<ref>Bell, 2013, ''Time Out of Mind: The Lives of Bob Dylan''. p. 31.</ref>

In April 1986, Dylan made a foray into [[rap]] when he added vocals to the opening verse of "Street Rock" on [[Kurtis Blow]]'s album ''[[Kingdom Blow]]''.<ref>Gray (2006), p. 63</ref> Dylan's next studio album, ''[[Knocked Out Loaded]]'' (1986), contained three covers (by [[Junior Parker]], [[Kris Kristofferson]] and the gospel hymn "[[Precious Memories (hymn)|Precious Memories]]"), plus three collaborations (with [[Tom Petty]], Sam Shepard and [[Carole Bayer Sager]]), and two solo compositions by Dylan. A reviewer wrote: <blockquote>the record follows too many detours to be consistently compelling, and some of those detours wind down roads that are indisputably dead ends. By 1986, such uneven records weren't entirely unexpected by Dylan, but that didn't make them any less frustrating.<ref>{{cite web| url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r6448|pure_url=yes}}| title=Knocked Out Loaded| author=Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| access-date=May 2, 2010| website=AllMusic}}</ref></blockquote> It was the first Dylan album since his 1962 debut to fail to make the Top 50.<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 595.</ref> Some critics have called the song Dylan co-wrote with Shepard, "[[Brownsville Girl]]", a masterpiece.<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 95–100.</ref>

In 1986 and 1987, Dylan toured with [[Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers]], sharing vocals with Petty on several songs each night. Dylan also toured with the [[Grateful Dead]] in 1987, resulting in the live album ''[[Dylan & The Dead]]'', which received negative reviews; Erlewine said it was "quite possibly the worst album by either Bob Dylan or the Grateful Dead".<ref>{{cite web| url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r54428|pure_url=yes}}| title=Dylan & The Dead| author=Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| date=July 27, 1989| access-date=September 10, 2009| website=AllMusic}}</ref> Dylan initiated what came to be called the [[Never Ending Tour]] on June 7, 1988, performing with a back-up band featuring guitarist [[G. E. Smith]]. Dylan would continue to tour with a small, changing band for the next 30 years.<ref>Heylin (1996), pp. 297–299.</ref> In 1987, Dylan starred in [[Richard Marquand]]'s movie ''[[Hearts of Fire]]'', in which he played Billy Parker, a washed-up rock star turned chicken farmer whose teenage lover ([[Fiona (singer)|Fiona]]) leaves him for a jaded English synth-pop sensation ([[Rupert Everett]]).<ref>Sounes, pp. 376–383.</ref> Dylan also contributed two original songs to the soundtrack—"Night After Night", and "Had a Dream About You, Baby", as well as a cover of [[John Hiatt]]'s "The Usual". The film was a critical and commercial flop.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 599–604.</ref>

[[File:Bob Dylan Barcelona.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Dylan plays his guitar and sings into a microphone onstage.|Dylan in Barcelona, Spain, 1984]]

Dylan was inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] in January 1988. Bruce Springsteen, in his introduction, declared, "Bob freed your mind the way Elvis freed your body. He showed us that just because music was innately physical did not mean that it was anti-intellectual".<ref name="Springsteen"/> ''[[Down in the Groove]]'' (1988) sold even more poorly than ''Knocked Out Loaded''.<ref name="Sounes 385">Sounes, p. 385.</ref> Gray wrote: "The very title undercuts any idea that inspired work may lie within. Here was a further devaluing of the notion of a new Bob Dylan album as something significant."<ref name="Gray 2000, p. 13">Gray (2000), p. 13.</ref> The critical and commercial disappointment of that album was swiftly followed by the success of the [[Traveling Wilburys]], a [[supergroup (music)|supergroup]] Dylan co-founded with George Harrison, [[Jeff Lynne]], [[Roy Orbison]] and Tom Petty. In late 1988, their ''[[Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1]]'' reached number three on the US albums chart,<ref name="Sounes 385"/> featuring songs described as Dylan's most accessible in years.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 627–628.</ref> Despite Orbison's death in December 1988, the remaining four recorded a second album in May 1990, ''[[Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3]]''.<ref>Heylin (2000), pp. 638–640.</ref>

Dylan finished the decade on a critical high note with ''[[Oh Mercy]]'', produced by [[Daniel Lanois]]. Gray praised the album as "Attentively written, vocally distinctive, musically warm, and uncompromisingly professional, this cohesive whole is the nearest thing to a great Bob Dylan album in the 1980s."<ref name="Gray 2000, p. 13"/> "[[Most of the Time]]", a lost-love composition, was prominently featured in the film [[High Fidelity (film)|''High Fidelity'']] (2000), while "[[What Was It You Wanted]]" has been interpreted both as a catechism and a wry comment on the expectations of critics and fans.<ref>Ricks, pp. 413–420.</ref> The religious imagery of [[Ring Them Bells (song)|"Ring Them Bells"]] struck some critics as a re-affirmation of faith.<ref>Scott Marshall wrote: "When Dylan sings that 'The sun is going down upon the sacred cow', it's safe to assume that the sacred cow here is the biblical metaphor for all false gods. For Dylan, the world will eventually know that there is only one God." Marshall, ''Restless Pilgrim'', p. 103.</ref>

===1990–1999: Return to Folk music and resurgence ===
Dylan's 1990s began with ''[[Under the Red Sky]]'' (1990), an about-face from the serious ''Oh Mercy''. It contained several apparently simple songs, including "Under the Red Sky" and "Wiggle Wiggle". The album was dedicated to "Gabby Goo Goo", a nickname for the daughter of Dylan and [[Carolyn Dennis]], Desiree Gabrielle Dennis-Dylan, who was four.<ref>Gray (2006), p. 174.</ref> Musicians on the album included George Harrison, [[Slash (musician)|Slash]], [[David Crosby]], [[Bruce Hornsby]], [[Stevie Ray Vaughan]], and [[Elton John]]. The record received negative reviews and sold poorly.<ref>Sounes, p. 391.</ref> In 1990 and 1991 Dylan was described by his biographers as drinking heavily, impairing his performances on stage.<ref>Heylin, 2000, ''Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades Revisited'', pp. 661–665.</ref><ref>Sounes, 2001, ''Down The Highway: The Life Of Bob Dylan'', pp. 396–398.</ref> In an interview with ''Rolling Stone'', Dylan dismissed allegations that drinking was interfering with his music: "That's completely inaccurate. I can drink or not drink. I don't know why people would associate drinking with ''anything'' I do, really".<ref>Cott (ed.), 2006, ''Dylan on Dylan: The Essential Interviews'', p. 421.</ref>

Defilement and remorse were themes Dylan addressed when he received a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]] from [[Jack Nicholson]] in February 1991.<ref name =Lifetime>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/bob-dylan-before-the-nobel-12-times-he-accepted-an-honor-w451097/the-grammy-lifetime-achievement-award-1991-w451107| title=Bob Dylan Before the Nobel: 12 Times He Publicly Accepted an Honor| author=Greene, Andy| date=November 18, 2016| access-date=August 25, 2017| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> The event coincided with the start of the [[Gulf War]] and Dylan played "[[Masters of War]]"; ''Rolling Stone'' called his performance "almost unintelligible".<ref name="R&REncylopedia"/> He made a short speech: "My daddy once said to me, he said, 'Son, it is possible for you to become so defiled in this world that your own mother and father will abandon you. If that happens, God will believe in your ability to mend your own ways{{'"}}.<ref name =Lifetime/><ref name="Heylin-664">Heylin (2000), pp. 664–665.</ref> This was a paraphrase of 19th-century Orthodox Rabbi [[Samson Raphael Hirsch]]'s commentary on Psalm 27.<ref>Bell, 2012, ''Once Upon a Time: The Lives of Bob Dylan.'', p. 101.</ref> On October 16, 1992, the thirtieth anniversary of Dylan's debut album was celebrated with a concert at [[Madison Square Garden]], christened "Bobfest" by Neil Young and featuring [[John Mellencamp]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Lou Reed]], [[Eddie Vedder]], Dylan and others. It was recorded as the live album ''[[The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration]]''.<ref name="R&REncylopedia"/> 

Over the next few years Dylan returned to his roots with two albums covering traditional folk and blues songs: ''[[Good as I Been to You]]'' (1992) and ''[[World Gone Wrong]]'' (1993), backed solely by his acoustic guitar.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/world-gone-wrong-mw0000103945| title=World Gone Wrong| author=Erlewine, Thomas| date=April 10, 2004| access-date=February 1, 2020| publisher=Allmusic.com}}</ref> Many critics and fans noted the quiet beauty of the song "Lone Pilgrim",<ref>Gray (2006), p. 423.</ref> written by a 19th-century teacher. In August 1994, he played at [[Woodstock '94]]; ''Rolling Stone'' called his performance "triumphant".<ref name="R&REncylopedia"/> In November, Dylan recorded two live shows for ''[[MTV Unplugged]]''. He said his wish to perform traditional songs was overruled by [[Sony]] executives who insisted on hits.<ref>Sounes, pp. 408–409.</ref> The resulting album, ''[[MTV Unplugged (Bob Dylan album)|MTV Unplugged]]'', included [[John Brown (song)|"John Brown"]], an unreleased 1962 song about how enthusiasm for war ends in mutilation and disillusionment.<ref>Heylin (2009), pp. 100–101.</ref> 
[[File:Bob Dylan 1996.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Dylan and members of his band perform onstage. Dylan, wearing a red shirt and black pants, plays an electric guitar and sings.|Dylan performs during the 1996 Lida Festival in [[Stockholm]].]]

With a collection of songs reportedly written while snowed in on his Minnesota ranch,<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 693.</ref> Dylan booked recording time with Daniel Lanois at Miami's [[Criteria Studios]] in January 1997. The subsequent recording sessions were, by some accounts, fraught with musical tension.<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 697.</ref> Before the album's release Dylan was hospitalized with life-threatening [[pericarditis]], brought on by [[histoplasmosis]]. His scheduled European tour was canceled, but Dylan made a speedy recovery and left the hospital saying, "I really thought I'd be seeing Elvis soon".<ref>Sounes, p. 420.</ref> He was back on the road by mid-year, and performed before [[Pope John Paul II]] at the World Eucharistic Conference in [[Bologna]], Italy. The Pope treated the audience of 200,000 to a [[homily]] based on Dylan's "Blowin' in the Wind".<ref>Sounes, p. 426.</ref>

In September, Dylan released the new Lanois-produced album, [[Time Out of Mind (Bob Dylan album)|''Time Out of Mind'']]. With its bitter assessments of love and morbid ruminations, Dylan's first collection of original songs in seven years was highly acclaimed. [[Alex Ross (music critic)|Alex Ross]] called it "a thrilling return to form".<ref name="Ross">{{cite magazine| last=Ross| first=Alex| title=The Wanderer| date=May 2, 1999| magazine=[[The New Yorker]]| url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1999/05/10/the-wanderer}}</ref> "[[Cold Irons Bound]]" won Dylan another Grammy For Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, and the album won him his first [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/40th-annual-grammy-awards-1997| title=1997 Grammy Winners| date=April 10, 2015| access-date=May 6, 2020| website=grammy.com}}</ref> The album's first single, "[[Not Dark Yet]]", has been called one of Dylan's best songs<ref>{{cite news| last=Docx| first=Edward| title=Beyond Mr. Tambourine Man: 80 Bob Dylan songs everyone should know| work=The Guardian| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2021/may/22/beyond-mr-tambourine-man-80-bob-dylan-songs-everyone-should-know}}</ref> and "[[Make You Feel My Love]]" was covered by [[Billy Joel]], [[Garth Brooks]], [[Adele]] and others. Elvis Costello said "I think it might be the best record he's made."<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Paul|last=Du Noyer|author-link=Paul Du Noyer|title=Cash for questions|magazine=[[Q (magazine)|Q]] #137|date=February 1998|page=16}}</ref>

===2000–2009: Oscar win, memoir, and ''Modern Times'' ===
{{Listen|type=music
 |filename=Things_Have_Changed.ogg
 |title = "Things Have Changed"
 |description= Dylan's [[Academy Award|Oscar]]-winning song was featured in the movie ''[[Wonder Boys (film)|Wonder Boys]]''. The line "sapphire-tinted skies" echoes the verse of [[Percy Bysshe Shelley|Shelley]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=274. Written among the Euganean Hills, North Italy. P. B. Shelley. The Golden Treasury|url=https://www.bartleby.com/106/274.html|access-date=February 12, 2023|website=www.bartleby.com |quote=Column, tower, and dome, and spire,/Shine like obelisks of fire,/Pointing with inconstant motion/From the altar of dark ocean/To the sapphire-tinted skies;}}</ref> while "forty miles of bad road" echoes [[Duane Eddy]]'s [[Forty Miles of Bad Road|hit single]].}}

In 2001, Dylan won an [[Academy Award for Best Original Song]] for "[[Things Have Changed]]", written for the film ''[[Wonder Boys (film)|Wonder Boys]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/DisplayMain.jsp?curTime=1365675507836 |title=The Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Science&nbsp;– 2000 Awards |access-date=April 12, 2013 |publisher=awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407061952/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/DisplayMain.jsp?curTime=1365675507836 |archive-date=April 7, 2014 }}</ref> ''[["Love and Theft"]]'' was released on September 11, 2001. Recorded with his touring band, Dylan produced the album under the alias Jack Frost.<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 556–557.</ref> Critics noted that Dylan was widening his musical palette to include [[rockabilly]], [[Western swing]], [[jazz]] and [[lounge music]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,173933~4~~lovetheft,00.html |title=''Love and Theft'' |access-date=September 7, 2008 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=October 1, 2001 |archive-date=October 12, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012094004/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,173933~4~~lovetheft,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The album won the [[Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album]].<ref>{{cite web| url =https://www.awardsandshows.com/features/best-contemporary-folk-album-255.html| title =Best Contemporary Folk Album | access-date = February 20, 2024| website = awardsandshows.com}}</ref> Controversy ensued when ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' pointed out similarities between the album's lyrics and [[Junichi Saga]]'s book ''[[Confessions of a Yakuza]]''. Saga was not familiar with Dylan's work, but said he was flattered. Upon hearing the album, Saga said of Dylan: "His lines flow from one image to the next and don't always make sense. But they have a great atmosphere."<ref>This is a reprint of the article from ''The Wall Street Journal'' cited in next footnote.{{cite news|url=http://www.csudh.edu/dearhabermas/plagiarbk010.htm |title=Did Bob Dylan Lift Lines From Dr Saga? |access-date=September 29, 2011 |publisher=California State University, Dear Habermas |date=July 8, 2003 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724053350/http://www.csudh.edu/dearhabermas/plagiarbk010.htm |archive-date=July 24, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10576176194220600| title = Did Bob Dylan Lift Lines From Dr Saga?| access-date=September 29, 2011| work = [[The Wall Street Journal]]| date = July 8, 2003}}</ref> 

In 2003, Dylan revisited the evangelical songs from his Christian period and participated in the project ''[[Gotta Serve Somebody: The Gospel Songs of Bob Dylan]]''. That year, Dylan released ''[[Masked & Anonymous]]'', which he co-wrote with director [[Larry Charles]] under the alias Sergei Petrov.<ref>Dylan co-wrote ''[[Masked & Anonymous]]'' under the pseudonym Seregei Petrov, taken from an actor in the silent movie era; Larry Charles used the alias Rene Fontaine. Gray (2006), p. 453.</ref> Dylan starred as Jack Fate, alongside a cast that included [[Jeff Bridges]], [[Penélope Cruz]] and [[John Goodman]]. The film polarized critics.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/masked-and-anonymous/critic-reviews/ |title=''Masked and Anonymous'' critic reviews |date=February 2, 2003 |access-date=February 16, 2024 |website=Metacritic}}</ref> In ''The New York Times'', [[A. O. Scott]] called it as an "incoherent mess";<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/24/movies/film-review-times-they-are-surreal-in-bob-dylan-tale.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501075649/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/24/movies/film-review-times-they-are-surreal-in-bob-dylan-tale.html |archive-date=May 1, 2013| url-access=subscription| url-status=live| title=Film Review; Times They Are Surreal In Bob Dylan Tale| author=Scott, A. O.| date=July 24, 2003| access-date=October 4, 2008 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> a few treated it as a serious work of art.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dylan in darkest America|author=Zacharek, Stephanie|work=Salon|date=July 24, 2003 |url=http://www.salon.com/2003/07/24/masked_anonymous/|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Masked">{{cite web |last=Motion |first=Andrew |title=''Masked and Anonymous'' |publisher=Sony Classics |url=http://www.sonyclassics.com/masked/andrew-motion-essay.html|access-date=September 7, 2008}}</ref>

In 2004, Dylan published the first part of his memoir, ''[[Chronicles: Volume One]]''. Confounding expectations,<ref name="Maslin">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/05/books/05masl.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050406222705/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/05/books/05masl.html |archive-date=April 6, 2005 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=So You Thought You Knew Dylan? Hah! |access-date=September 7, 2008 |last=Maslin |first=Janet |date=October 5, 2004 |work=The New York Times |page=2}}</ref> Dylan devoted three chapters to his first year in New York City in 1961–1962, virtually ignoring the mid-1960s when his fame was at its height, while devoting chapters to the albums ''New Morning'' (1970) and ''Oh Mercy'' (1989). The book reached number two on ''The New York Times''' Hardcover Non-Fiction bestseller list in December 2004 and was nominated for a [[National Book Award]].<ref>Gray (2006), pp. 136–138.</ref>

Critics noted that ''Chronicles'' contained many examples of pastiche and borrowing; sources included [[Time_(magazine)|''Time'' magazine]]<ref>{{cite web| url = https://swarmuth.blogspot.com/2011/05/bob-dylan-and-matter-of-time.html| title = Bob Dylan and the Matter of TIME| author = Warmuth, Scott| date = May 16, 2011| access-date = October 14, 2024| website = swarmuth.blogspot.com}}</ref> and the novels of [[Jack London]].<ref>Heylin, Clinton, 2023, ''The Double Life of Bob Dylan: Volume 2: 1966–2021 Far Away From Myself'', p. 678.</ref>
Biographer [[Clinton Heylin]] queried the veracity of Dylan's autobiography, noting "Not a single checkable story held water; not one anecdote couldn't be shot full of holes by any half-decent researcher."<ref>Heylin, Clinton, 2023, ''The Double Life of Bob Dylan: Volume 2: 1966–2021 Far Away From Myself'', p. 683.</ref>

Martin Scorsese's Dylan documentary ''[[No Direction Home]]'' was broadcast on September 26–27, 2005, on [[BBC Two]] in the UK and as part of ''[[American Masters]]'' on [[PBS]] in the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/bob-dylan-about-the-film/574/|title=''No Direction Home'': Bob Dylan, A Martin Scorsese Picture |publisher=PBS|access-date=February 12, 2024|date=June 29, 2006}}</ref> It covers the period from Dylan's arrival in New York in 1961 to his motorcycle crash in 1966, featuring interviews with [[Suze Rotolo]], [[Liam Clancy]], Joan Baez, Allen Ginsberg, Pete Seeger, [[Mavis Staples]] and Dylan himself. The film earned a [[Peabody Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peabodyawards.com/award-profile/american-masters-no-direction-home-bob-dylan| title=American Masters, No Direction Home|access-date=October 1, 2014|publisher=peabodyawards.com}}</ref> and a [[Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award|Columbia-duPont Award]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.journalism.columbia.edu/site_map|title=Past duPont Award Winners |year=2007 |access-date=September 7, 2008|publisher=The Journalism School, Columbia University|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201170953/http://www.journalism.columbia.edu/site_map|archive-date=December 1, 2010 }}</ref> The [[The Bootleg Series Vol. 7: No Direction Home: The Soundtrack|accompanying soundtrack]] featured unreleased songs from Dylan's early years.<ref name=NYT>{{cite web|author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|title=''The Bootleg Series, Vol. 7: No Direction Home&nbsp;– The Soundtrack''|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-bootleg-series-vol-7-no-direction-home-the-soundtrack-mw0000209827|access-date=March 28, 2015|website=AllMusic|date=February 7, 2015}}</ref>

Dylan's career as a radio presenter began on May 3, 2006, with his weekly program, ''[[Theme Time Radio Hour]]'', on [[XM Satellite Radio]]. He played songs with a common theme, such as "Weather", "Weddings", "Dance" and "Dreams".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006x4gt|title=Theme Time Radio Hour With Bob Dylan|date=November 30, 2009|access-date=February 6, 2011|publisher=BBC Radio 6 Music}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.notdarkyet.org/themetime.html |title=Theme Time Radio playlists |access-date=September 7, 2008 |publisher=Not Dark Yet}}</ref> Dylan's records ranged from [[Muddy Waters]] to [[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[L.L. Cool J]] to [[the Streets]]. Dylan's show was praised for the breadth of his musical selections<ref>{{cite news|last=Teachout| first=Terry| title=Bob Dylan's Day Job: A '60s troubadour turns postmodern disc jockey| date=June 21–22, 2008| work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]| url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121399471988092751}}</ref> and for his jokes, stories and eclectic references.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/dec/31/observerreview.radio |title=The Great Sound of Radio Bob |author=Sawyer, Miranda |access-date=September 7, 2008 |work=The Observer |location=UK |date=December 31, 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://newcritics.com/blog1/2007/02/16/bob-dylan-spinnin-those-cool-records/ |title=Dylan Spinnin' Those Coool Records |access-date=February 18, 2007 |author=Watson, Tom |publisher=New Critics |date=February 16, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219045641/http://newcritics.com/blog1/2007/02/16/bob-dylan-spinnin-those-cool-records/ |archive-date=February 19, 2007}}</ref> In April 2009, Dylan broadcast the 100th show in his radio series; the theme was "Goodbye" and he signed off with Woody Guthrie's "[[So Long, It's Been Good to Know Yuh]]".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/bob-dylan-theme-time-radio-hour-time-article-1.363652 |title=Bob Dylan's Theme Time Radio Hour: His time might be up |author=Hinckley, David |date=April 19, 2009 |access-date=May 16, 2009 |work=Daily News|location=New York}}</ref> 
[[File:Dylan2 Spectrum.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Dylan together with five members of his band onstage. Dylan, dressed in a white shirt and black pants, is second from right.|Dylan, the Spectrum, 2007]]

Dylan released [[Modern Times (Bob Dylan album)|''Modern Times'']] in August 2006. Despite some coarsening of Dylan's voice (a critic for ''[[The Guardian]]'' characterized his singing on the album as "a catarrhal death rattle"<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/aug/25/popandrock.shopping3 | author=Petridis, Alex| title=Bob Dylan's ''Modern Times''| access-date=September 5, 2006|work=The Guardian |location=UK | date=August 28, 2006 }}</ref>) most reviewers praised the album, and many described it as the final installment of a successful trilogy, encompassing ''Time Out of Mind'' and ''"Love and Theft"''.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/modern-times| title=Modern Times|access-date=September 7, 2008| website=Metacritic}}</ref> ''Modern Times'' entered the US charts at number one, making it Dylan's first album to reach that position since 1976's ''Desire''.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.nme.com/news/bob-dylan/24234| title=Dylan gets first US number one for 30 years| date=September 7, 2006 |work=NME |location=UK | access-date=September 11, 2008}}</ref> ''The New York Times'' published an article exploring similarities between some of Dylan's lyrics in ''Modern Times'' and the work of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] poet [[Henry Timrod]].<ref name="nytTimrod">{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/14/arts/music/14dyla.html| last=Rich| first=Motoko| title=Who's This Guy Dylan Who's Borrowing Lines from Henry Timrod?| work=The New York Times| date=September 14, 2006| access-date=September 29, 2011}}</ref> ''Modern Times'' won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album and Dylan won [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Solo|Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance]] for "Someday Baby".<ref>{{cite news| title=Complete list of 2006 Grammy winners| date=February 9, 2006| work=[[Baltimore Sun]]}}</ref> ''Modern Times'' was named Album of the Year by ''Rolling Stone''<ref>{{cite web|title=Rolling Stone Albums of the Year 2006 |url=http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/rolling.htm#2006 |publisher=Rock List Music |access-date=May 17, 2017 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723004927/http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/rolling.htm |archive-date=July 23, 2010 }}</ref> and ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.uncut.co.uk/music/uncut/news/9182 |title=''Modern Times'', Album of the Year, 2006 |work=Uncut |date=December 16, 2006 |access-date=September 11, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206200511/http://www.uncut.co.uk/music/uncut/news/9182 |archive-date=February 6, 2007 }}</ref> On the same day that ''Modern Times'' was released, the [[iTunes Music Store]] released ''[[Bob Dylan: The Collection]]'', a digital box set containing all of his albums (773 tracks), along with 42 rare and unreleased tracks.<ref>{{cite news| url = http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/lifestyle/holiday/2006-11-30-box-set-downloads_x.htm | title = Get The Box Set with 'One Push of a Button'| author=Gundersen, Edna| date = December 1, 2006| access-date=September 25, 2008| work=USA Today}}</ref>

[[File:Bob Dylan in Toronto.jpg|thumb|alt=Dylan, dressed in a black western outfit with red highlights, stands onstage and plays the keyboards. He gazes to the left of the photo. Behind him is a guitar player, dressed in black.|Bob Dylan performs at Air Canada Centre, Toronto, November 7, 2006.]]

On October 1, 2007, Columbia Records released the triple CD retrospective ''[[Dylan (2007 album)|Dylan]]'', anthologizing his entire career under the ''Dylan 07'' logo.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dylan07.com/ |title=''Dylan 07'' |access-date=September 7, 2008 |publisher=Sony BMG Music Entertainment |date=August 1, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915080026/http://www.dylan07.com/ |archive-date=September 15, 2008 }}</ref> The sophistication of the ''Dylan 07'' marketing campaign was a reminder that Dylan's commercial profile had risen considerably since the 1990s. This became evident in 2004, when Dylan appeared in a TV advertisement for [[Victoria's Secret]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.slate.com/articles/business/ad_report_card/2004/04/tangled_up_in_boobs.html| title=What's Bob Dylan Doing In A Victoria's Secret Ad? | work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] | date=April 12, 2004| access-date=September 16, 2008}}</ref> In October 2007, he participated in a multi-media campaign for the 2008 [[Cadillac Escalade]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.xmradio.com/dylan-cadillac/index.xmc | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080312084612/http://www.xmradio.com/dylan-cadillac/index.xmc | archive-date =March 12, 2008| title = Dylan, Cadillac| publisher=XM Radio| date = October 22, 2007| access-date=September 16, 2008}}</ref><ref>Dylan also devoted an hour of his [[Theme Time Radio Hour]] to the theme of "the Cadillac". He first sang about the car in his 1963 nuclear war fantasy, "Talkin' World War III Blues", when he described it as a "good car to drive—after a war".</ref> In 2009 he gave the highest profile endorsement of his career to date, appearing with rapper [[will.i.am]] in a [[Pepsi]] ad that debuted during [[Super Bowl XLIII]]. The ad opened with Dylan singing the first verse of "Forever Young" followed by will.i.am doing a [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] version of the song's final verse.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/jan/30/bob-dylan-pepsi-advertisement-superbowl| title=Bob Dylan to appear with Will.I.Am in Pepsi advertisement| author=Michaels, Sean| date=January 30, 2009| access-date=May 2, 2010|work=The Guardian |location=UK }}</ref>

''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 8&nbsp;– Tell Tale Signs: Rare and Unreleased 1989–2006|The Bootleg Series Vol. 8 – Tell Tale Signs]]'' was released in October 2008, as both a two-CD set and a three-CD version with a 150-page hardcover book. The set contains live performances and outtakes from selected studio albums from ''Oh Mercy'' to ''Modern Times'', as well as soundtrack contributions and collaborations with [[David Bromberg]] and [[Ralph Stanley]].<ref>{{cite news| url = http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2008-07-28-dylan-telltale-signs_N.htm | title = Dylan Reveals Many Facets on 'Tell Tale Signs'| author=Gundersen, Edna| date = July 29, 2008 |work=USA Today }}</ref> The pricing of the album—the two-CD set went on sale for $18.99 and the three-CD version for $129.99—led to complaints about "rip-off packaging".<ref>{{cite news | url =http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/cd_reviews/article4859960.ece | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090504035249/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/cd_reviews/article4859960.ece | url-status =dead | archive-date =May 4, 2009 | title = Tell Tale Signs| author=Cairns, Dan | date = October 5, 2008| access-date=October 6, 2008| work=The Sunday Times | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://bobdylanencyclopedia.blogspot.com/2008/08/tell-tale-signs-pt-3-money-doesnt-talk.html |title=Tell Tale Signs Pt. 3, Money Doesn't Talk&nbsp;... |first=Michael |last=Gray |author-link=Michael Gray (author) |website=Bob Dylan Encyclopedia |date=August 14, 2008 |access-date=May 29, 2023}}</ref> The release was widely acclaimed by critics.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/tell-tale-signs-the-bootleg-series-vol-8| title = Reviews of ''Tell Tale Signs''|access-date=October 26, 2008|website=Metacritic}}</ref> The abundance of alternative takes and unreleased material suggested to one reviewer that this volume of old outtakes "feels like a new Bob Dylan record, not only for the astonishing freshness of the material, but also for the incredible sound quality and organic feeling of everything here".<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-bootleg-series-vol-8-tell-tale-signs-rare-and-unreleased-1989-2006-mw0000795498| title = ''The Bootleg Series, Vol. 8: Tell Tale Signs&nbsp;– Rare and Unreleased 1989–2006''| author = Jurek, Thom| date = October 29, 2008| access-date=July 12, 2013| website = AllMusic}}</ref>

Dylan released ''[[Together Through Life]]'' on April 28, 2009. In a conversation with music journalist Bill Flanagan, Dylan explained it originated when French director [[Olivier Dahan]] asked him to supply a song for his movie ''[[My Own Love Song]]''. He initially intended to record a single track, "Life Is Hard", but "the record sort of took its own direction".<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bobdylan.com/conversation| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425235613/http://www.bobdylan.com/conversation| archive-date=April 25, 2011| title=Bob Dylan talks about the new album with Bill Flanagan| author=Flanagan, Bill| date=April 10, 2009| access-date=March 30, 2012| publisher=bobdylan.com}}</ref> Nine of the album's ten songs are credited as co-written by Dylan and [[Robert Hunter (lyricist)|Robert Hunter]].<ref>{{cite web| url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r1544965|pure_url=yes}}| title=Together Through Life| author=Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| access-date=May 1, 2010| website=AllMusic}}</ref> The album received largely favorable reviews,<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/together-through-life |title=Together Through Life|date=April 29, 2009|access-date=April 29, 2009|website=Metacritic}}</ref> although several critics described it as a minor addition to Dylan's canon.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-bob-dylan-together-through-life-columbia-1673287.html| title=Bob Dylan's Together Through Life| author=Gill, Andy| date=April 24, 2009| access-date=April 28, 2009| work=Salon | location=London}}</ref> In its first week of release, the album reached number one on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] chart in the US, making Dylan, at 67 years of age, the oldest artist to ever debut at number one on that chart.<ref name="Caulfield, Keith">{{cite magazine| url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/268711/bob-dylan-bows-atop-billboard-200| title=Bob Dylan Bows Atop Billboard 200| author=Caulfield, Keith| date=May 6, 2009| access-date=May 7, 2009|magazine=Billboard}}</ref>

Dylan's ''[[Christmas in the Heart]]'' was released in October 2009, comprising such [[Christmas music|Christmas standards]] as "[[Little Drummer Boy]]", "[[Winter Wonderland]]" and "[[Here Comes Santa Claus]]".<ref>{{cite web| url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r1656487|pure_url=yes}} | title=Christmas In The Heart| author=Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| access-date=May 1, 2010| website=AllMusic}}</ref> [[Edna Gundersen]] wrote that Dylan was "revisiting yuletide styles popularized by [[Nat King Cole]], [[Mel Tormé]], and the [[Ray Conniff Singers]]".<ref>{{cite news| url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/reviews/2009-10-12-dylan-christmas-album_N.htm| title=Bob Dylan takes the Christmas spirit to 'Heart' | author=Gundersen, Edna| date=October 13, 2009| access-date=June 1, 2011| work=USA Today}}</ref> Dylan's royalties from the album were donated to the charities [[Feeding America]] in the US, [[Crisis (charity)|Crisis]] in the UK, and the [[World Food Programme]].<ref name="UK Fundraising">{{cite web| url=http://www.fundraising.co.uk/news/2009/12/14/cafamerica-distribute-royalities-bob-dylan039s-christmas-album-crisis| title=CAFAmerica to distribute royalities(sic) from Bob Dylan's Christmas album to Crisis| date=December 14, 2009| access-date=December 19, 2009| publisher=UK Fundraising}}</ref> The album received generally favorable reviews.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/christmas-in-the-heart|title=Christmas In the Heart|date=October 16, 2009 |access-date=October 16, 2009|website=Metacritic}}</ref> In an interview published in ''[[The Big Issue]]'', Flanagan asked Dylan why he had performed the songs in a straightforward style, and he replied: "There wasn't any other way to play it. These songs are part of my life, just like folk songs. You have to play them straight too."<ref name="Dylan 2009 interview with Bill Flanagan">{{cite web| url=http://www.music-news.com/ShowNews.asp?nItemID=30857&bPrint=1| title=Bob Dylan gives interview to The Big Issue| author=Flanagan, Bill | date=November 28, 2009| access-date=March 26, 2010| publisher=music-news.com}}</ref>

===2010–2019: ''Tempest'' and continued recordings ===
Volume 9 of Dylan's Bootleg Series, [[The Bootleg Series Vol. 9&nbsp;– The Witmark Demos: 1962–1964|''The Witmark Demos'']], was issued in October 18, 2010. It comprised 47 [[Demo (music)|demo recordings]] of songs taped between 1962 and 1964 for Dylan's earliest music publishers: Leeds Music in 1962, and [[M. Witmark & Sons|Witmark Music]] from 1962 to 1964. One reviewer described the set as "a hearty glimpse of young Bob Dylan changing the music business, and the world, one note at a time."<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austinchronicle.com/music/2010-12-31/bob-dylan-the-witmark-demos-1962-1964-the-bootleg-series-vol-9/| title = The Witmark Demos: 1962–1964 The Bootleg Series Vol. 9 (Columbia)| author = Caligiuri, Jim| date = December 31, 2010| access-date=July 12, 2013| publisher = austinchronicle.com}}</ref> On the critical aggregator [[Metacritic]], the album has a score of 86, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.metacritic.com/music/the-witmark-demos-1962-1964/critic-reviews| title = The Witmark Demos, 1962–1964| access-date=October 29, 2010| website=Metacritic}}</ref> In the same week, [[Legacy Recordings|Sony Legacy]] released ''[[The Original Mono Recordings|Bob Dylan: The Original Mono Recordings]]'', a box set that presented Dylan's eight earliest albums, from ''Bob Dylan'' (1962) to ''John Wesley Harding'' (1967), in their original mono mix in the CD format for the first time. The set was accompanied by a booklet featuring an essay by Greil Marcus.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bobdylan.com/us/music/original-mono-recordings| title=The Original Mono Recordings| date=October 19, 2010| access-date=June 11, 2012| publisher=bobdylan.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Egan|first=Sean|title=The Original Mono Recordings review|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/hpcg/|access-date=February 12, 2018|newspaper=BBC Music Review| location=London|date=November 25, 2010}}</ref>

On April 12, 2011, Legacy Recordings released ''[[In Concert – Brandeis University 1963|Bob Dylan in Concert – Brandeis University 1963]]'', taped at [[Brandeis University]] on May 10, 1963, two weeks before the release of ''The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan''. The tape was discovered in the archive of music writer [[Ralph J. Gleason]], and the recording carries liner notes by Michael Gray, who says it captures Dylan <blockquote>from way back when Kennedy was President and the Beatles hadn't yet reached America. It reveals him not at any Big Moment but giving a performance like his folk club sets of the period ... This is the last live performance we have of Bob Dylan before he becomes a star.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bobdylan.com/us/news/bob-dylan-concert-brandeis-university-1963-now-available| title=''Bob Dylan in Concert&nbsp;– Brandeis University 1963'' Now Available| date=February 16, 2011| access-date=March 17, 2015|website=bobdylan.com}}</ref></blockquote>

[[File:Dylan-Obamas-White House-20100209.jpg|thumb|left|Dylan and the Obamas at the [[White House]], after a performance celebrating music from the [[civil rights movement]] (February 9, 2010)]]

On Dylan's 70th birthday, three universities organized symposia on his work: the [[University of Mainz]],<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.avl.uni-mainz.de/394.php| title=Bob Dylan und die Revolution der populären Musik| date=April 29, 2011| access-date=May 27, 2011| publisher=Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz| archive-date=April 1, 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110401105801/http://www.avl.uni-mainz.de/394.php| url-status=dead}}</ref> the [[University of Vienna]],<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.dylanvienna.at/dylan/Program.html| title=Refractions of Dylan&nbsp;– Cultural Appropriations of an American Icon| date=May 12, 2011| access-date=May 27, 2011| publisher=dylanvienna.at}}</ref> and the [[University of Bristol]]<ref>{{cite web| url=http://dylan-at-seventy.weebly.com/proceedings.html| title=The Seven Ages of Dylan| date=May 15, 2011| access-date=May 27, 2011| publisher=University of Bristol}}</ref> invited literary critics and cultural historians to give papers on aspects of Dylan's work. Other events, including tribute bands, discussions and simple singalongs, took place around the world, as reported in ''The Guardian'': "From Moscow to Madrid, Norway to Northampton and Malaysia to his home state of Minnesota, self-confessed 'Bobcats' will gather today to celebrate the 70th birthday of a giant of popular music."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/may/24/bob-dylan-70th-birthday/print| title=Bob Dylan at 70| author=Topping, Alexandra| date=May 24, 2011| access-date=May 27, 2011| work=The Guardian|location=London}}</ref>

Dylan's 35th studio album, [[Tempest (Bob Dylan album)|''Tempest'']], was released on September 11, 2012.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-xpm-2012-sep-10-la-et-ms-bob-dylan-tempest-voice-reviews-20120910-story.html| title='Tempest' and Bob Dylan's voice for the ages| author=Lewis, Randy| date=September 10, 2012| access-date=September 11, 2012| work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> The album features a tribute to John Lennon, "[[Roll On John]]", and [[Tempest (Bob Dylan song)|the title track]] is a 14-minute song about the [[Sinking of the RMS Titanic|sinking of the ''Titanic'']].<ref>{{cite news|last=Greene|first=Andy|title=First Details of Bob Dylan's Upcoming Album 'Tempest{{'-}}|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/first-details-of-bob-dylans-upcoming-album-tempest-20120717|access-date=July 18, 2012|newspaper=Rolling Stone|date=July 17, 2012}}</ref> In ''Rolling Stone'', Will Hermes gave ''Tempest'' five out of five stars, writing: "Lyrically, Dylan is at the top of his game, joking around, dropping wordplay and allegories that evade pat readings and quoting other folks' words like a freestyle rapper on fire".<ref name="tempestrollingstone">{{cite magazine|last=Hermes |first=Will |title=Tempest |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=August 30, 2012 |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/tempest-20120830 |access-date=September 7, 2012}}</ref>

Volume 10 of Dylan's Bootleg Series, ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 10: Another Self Portrait (1969–1971)|Another Self Portrait (1969–1971)]]'', was released in August 2013.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.expectingrain.com/abc/Another_Self_Portrait_Press_Release.pdf| title=Another Self Portrait Press Release| date=July 16, 2013| access-date=September 12, 2013| publisher=expectingrain.com}}</ref> The album contained 35 previously unreleased tracks, including alternative takes and demos from Dylan's 1969–1971 recording sessions during the making of the ''Self Portrait'' and ''New Morning'' albums. The box set also included a live recording of Dylan's performance with the Band at the Isle of Wight Festival in 1969. Thom Jurek wrote, "For fans, this is more than a curiosity, it's an indispensable addition to the catalog."<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.allmusic.com/album/release/another-self-portrait-1969-1971-the-bootleg-series-vol-10-mr0003992579| title=Another Self Portrait (1969–1971): The Bootleg Series, Vol. 10| author=Jurek, Thom| date=August 27, 2013| access-date=September 12, 2013| website=AllMusic}}</ref> Columbia Records released a boxed set containing all 35 Dylan studio albums, six albums of live recordings and a collection of non-album material (''Sidetracks'') as [[The Complete Album Collection Vol. 1 (album)|''Bob Dylan: Complete Album Collection: Vol. One'']], in November 2013.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-complete-album-collection-vol-1-mw0002583484| title=Bob Dylan: The Complete Albums Collection, Vol. 1| author=Erlewine, Stephen| date=November 9, 2013| access-date=November 9, 2013| website=AllMusic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.nme.com/news/bob-dylan/72891| title=Bob Dylan to release huge, career-spanning box set| date=September 26, 2013| access-date=September 30, 2013| work=NME}}</ref> To publicize the box set, a video of "Like a Rolling Stone" was released on Dylan's website. The interactive video, created by director [[Vania Heymann]], allowed viewers to switch between 16 simulated TV channels, all featuring characters who are lip-synching the lyrics.<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylan-goes-interactive-in-like-a-rolling-stone-clip-20131119| title=Bob Dylan Goes Interactive in 'Like a Rolling Stone' Clip| author=Greene, Andy| date=November 19, 2013| access-date=September 25, 2015|magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/inside-bob-dylans-brilliant-like-a-rolling-stone-video-20131120| title=Inside Bob Dylan's Brilliant 'Like a Rolling Stone' Video| author=Edwards, Gavin| date=November 20, 2013| access-date=November 21, 2013| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref>

Dylan appeared in a commercial for the [[Chrysler 200]] car which aired during the [[Super Bowl XLVIII|2014 Super Bowl]]. In it, he says that "Detroit made cars and cars made America... So let Germany brew your beer, let Switzerland make your watch, let Asia assemble your phone. ''We'' will build your car." Dylan's ad was criticized for its [[protectionism|protectionist]] implications, and people wondered whether he had "[[Selling out|sold out]]".<ref>{{cite news| url=http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2014/02/04/dylan-the-times-have-changed/| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222202953/http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2014/02/04/dylan-the-times-have-changed/| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 22, 2014| title=Dylan&nbsp;– The Times Have Changed| author=Gabler, Neal| date=February 4, 2013| access-date=February 6, 2014| work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://business.financialpost.com/2014/02/03/bob-dylan-chrysler-super-bowl-ad/| title=Bob Dylan's Chrysler Super Bowl 2014 ad stirs rockstar sellout debate| author=Clothier, Mark| newspaper=Financial Post| date=February 3, 2014| access-date=February 3, 2014| publisher=BloombergNews}}</ref> ''The Lyrics: Since 1962'' was published by [[Simon & Schuster]] in the fall of 2014. The book was edited by literary critic [[Christopher Ricks]], Julie Nemrow and Lisa Nemrow and offered variant versions of Dylan's songs, sourced from out-takes and live performances. A limited edition of 50 books, signed by Dylan, was priced at $5,000. "It's the biggest, most expensive book we've ever published, as far as I know", said Jonathan Karp, Simon & Schuster's president and publisher.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/10/07/the-most-of-bob-dylan/|title=The Most of Bob Dylan|author=Kozinn, Allan|author-link=Allan Kozinn|date=October 7, 2014|access-date=October 11, 2014|work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bu.edu/bostonia/winter-spring15/in-the-service-of-bob-dylans-genius/| title=In the Service of Bob Dylan's Genius| author=Seligson, Susan| access-date=February 28, 2015| publisher=Boston University}}</ref> A comprehensive edition of the Basement Tapes, songs recorded by Dylan and the Band in 1967, was released as ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 11: The Basement Tapes Complete]]'' in November 2014. The album included 138 tracks in a six-CD box; the 1975 album ''The Basement Tapes'' contained just 24 tracks from the material which Dylan and the Band had recorded at their homes in Woodstock, New York in 1967. Subsequently, [[List of Basement Tapes songs|over 100 recordings and alternate takes]] had circulated on bootleg records. The sleeve notes are by author [[Sid Griffin]].<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylan-complete-basement-tapes-bootlegs-released-november-20140826| title=Bob Dylan's Complete, Legendary 'Basement Tapes' Will Be Released| author=Greene, Andy| date=August 26, 2014| access-date=August 27, 2014| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/oct/30/bob-dylan-basement-tapes-myth-reality-clinton-heylin| title=Bob Dylan's Back Pages: The Truth Behind the Basement Tapes| author=Heylin, Clinton| date=October 30, 2014| access-date=November 4, 2014| newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> ''The Basement Tapes Complete'' won the [[Grammy Award for Best Historical Album]].<ref>{{cite web| title=By way of Bob Dylan and The Band, Hudson Valley's Grammy glory grows| last=Barry| first=John W.| work=Poughkeepsie Journal| url=https://www.poughkeepsiejournal.com/story/news/2016/02/15/hudson-valley-grammy-glory-basement-tapes-complete-bob-dylan-and-band-wins/80419784/}}</ref> The box set earned a score of 99 on Metacritic.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/the-basement-tapes-complete-the-bootleg-series-vol-11/bob-dylan/critic-reviews| title=The Basement Tapes Complete: The Bootleg Series Vol. 11| access-date=July 9, 2020| publisher=metacritic.com}}</ref>

In February 2015, Dylan released ''[[Shadows in the Night]]'', featuring ten songs written between 1923 and 1963,<ref name =secret>{{cite web| url=https://latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-dylan-sinatra-covers-20150123-story.html#page=1| title=The secret Sinatra past of Bob Dylan's new album| author=Turner, Gustavo| date = January 24, 2015| access-date=February 3, 2015| work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref name=ShadowsBauder>{{cite news| url=https://news.yahoo.com/music-review-bob-dylans-night-disc-140236549.html| title=Bob Dylan's late-night disc| author=Bauder, David| date=January 29, 2015| access-date=February 3, 2015| agency=Associated Press| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150203104327/http://news.yahoo.com/music-review-bob-dylans-night-disc-140236549.html| archive-date=February 3, 2015| df=mdy-all}}</ref> which have been described as part of the [[Great American Songbook]].<ref name=ShadowsPetridis>{{Cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/jan/29/bob-dylan-shadows-in-the-night-review| title=''Shadows in the Night'' review&nbsp;– an unalloyed pleasure| author=Petridis, Alexis| date=January 29, 2015| access-date=February 3, 2015| newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> All of the songs had been recorded by [[Frank Sinatra]], but both critics and Dylan himself cautioned against seeing the record as a collection of "Sinatra covers".<ref name =secret/><ref name=ShadowsGq>{{cite web|url=http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2015-01/29/bob-dylan-shadows-in-the-night-review |title=Shadows in the Night review |author=Prince, Bill |date=February 1, 2015 |access-date=February 3, 2015 |work=GQ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202225121/http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2015-01/29/bob-dylan-shadows-in-the-night-review|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}</ref> Dylan explained: "I don't see myself as covering these songs in any way. They've been covered enough. Buried, as a matter a fact. What me and my band are basically doing is uncovering them. Lifting them out of the grave and bringing them into the light of day".<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylan-frank-sinatra-new-album-20141209| title=Bob Dylan Will 'Uncover' Frank Sinatra Classics on New Album| author=Greene, Andy| date=December 9, 2014| access-date=December 10, 2014| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> Critics praised the restrained instrumental backings and the quality of Dylan's singing.<ref name =ShadowsPetridis/><ref name =ShadowsTelegraph>{{Cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bob-dylan/11366536/Bob-Dylan-Shadows-in-The-Night-review-extraordinary.html| title=Bob Dylan, Shadows in The Night, review: 'extraordinary'| author=McCormick, Neil| date=January 23, 2015| access-date=February 3, 2015| work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> The album debuted at number one in the [[UK Albums Chart]] in its first week of release.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/bob-dylan-scores-eighth-uk-number-1-album-3472/| title=Bob Dylan scores eighth UK Number 1 album| date=February 8, 2015| access-date=February 9, 2015| publisher=Official Charts Company}}</ref> ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 12: The Cutting Edge 1965–1966]]'', consisting of previously unreleased material from the three albums Dylan recorded between January 1965 and March 1966 (''Bringing It All Back Home'', ''Highway 61 Revisited'' and ''Blonde on Blonde'') was released in November 2015. The set was released in three formats: a 2-CD "Best Of" version, a 6-CD "Deluxe edition", and an 18-CD "Collector's Edition". On Dylan's website the "Collector's Edition" was described as containing "every single note recorded by Bob Dylan in the studio in 1965/1966".<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/inside-bob-dylans-massive-new-sixties-bootleg-series-trove-20150924| title=Inside Bob Dylan's Massive New Sixties Bootleg Series Trove| author=Greene, Andy| date=September 24, 2015| access-date=September 25, 2015| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://bobdylan.com/thecuttingedge_completetracklisting/| title=The Cutting Edge 1965 – 1966: The Bootleg Series Vol. 12 Collector's Edition| date=September 24, 2015| access-date=November 24, 2015| publisher=bobdylan.com}}</ref> ''The Best of the Cutting Edge'' entered the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' Top Rock Albums chart at number one on November 18, based on its first-week sales.<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/6769255/bob-dylan-first-number-1-top-rock-albums | title=Bob Dylan Scores First No. 1 on Top Rock Albums From Long-Running 'Bootleg Series'| author=Rutherford, Kevin| date=November 18, 2015| access-date=November 19, 2015| magazine=Billboard}}</ref>

Dylan released ''[[Fallen Angels (Bob Dylan album)|Fallen Angels]]'', described as "a direct continuation of the work of 'uncovering' the Great Songbook that he began on ''Shadows In the Night''", in May.<ref name =Ward>{{Cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/what-to-listen-to/bob-dylan-fallen-angels-review--inhabiting-classics-with-weather/| title=Bob Dylan, Fallen Angels, review – 'inhabiting classics with weathered ease'| author=Brown, Helen| date=May 13, 2016| access-date=May 20, 2016| work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> The album contained twelve songs by classic songwriters such as [[Harold Arlen]], [[Sammy Cahn]] and [[Johnny Mercer]], eleven of which had been recorded by Sinatra.<ref name=Ward/> Jim Farber wrote in ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'': "Tellingly, [Dylan] delivers these songs of love lost and cherished not with a burning passion but with the wistfulness of experience. They're memory songs now, intoned with a present sense of commitment. Released just four days ahead of his 75th birthday, they couldn't be more age-appropriate".<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://ew.com/article/2016/05/17/bob-dylan-fallen-angels-ew-review| title=Bob Dylan's "Fallen Angels": EW Review| author=Farber, Jim| date=May 17, 2016| access-date=May 20, 2016| magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref> ''[[The 1966 Live Recordings (Album)|The 1966 Live Recordings]]'', including every known recording of Dylan's 1966 concert tour, was released in November 2016.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-bob-dylan-1966-live-recordings-20160927-snap-story.html| title=All of Bob Dylan's 1966 live shows in 36-CD box set due Nov. 11| author=Lewis, Randy| date=September 27, 2016| access-date=September 28, 2016| work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> The recordings commence with the concert in White Plains New York on February 5, 1966, and end with the [[Royal Albert Hall]] concert in London on May 27.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-1966-live-recordings-mw0002986802| title=The 1966 Live Recordings| author= Erlewine, Stephen Thomas| date=November 11, 2016| access-date=December 2, 2016| website=AllMusic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://bobdylan.com/news/bob-dylan-1966-live-recordings-released-november/| title="Bob Dylan: The 1966 Live Recordings" to be Released in November| date=September 27, 2016| access-date=September 28, 2016| publisher=bobdylan.com| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160930131450/http://bobdylan.com/news/bob-dylan-1966-live-recordings-released-november/| archive-date=September 30, 2016| url-status=dead| df = mdy-all}}</ref> ''The New York Times'' reported most of the concerts had "never been heard in any form", and described the set as "a monumental addition to the corpus".<ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/11/arts/music/bob-dylan-1966-live-recordings-video.html| title=Dylan's 1966 Tapes Find a Direction Home| author=Sisario, Ben| date=November 10, 2016| access-date=November 11, 2016| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref>

In March 2017, Dylan released a triple album of 30 more recordings of classic American songs, ''[[Triplicate (Bob Dylan album)|Triplicate]]''. Dylan's 38th studio album was recorded in [[Capitol Studios|Hollywood's Capitol Studios]] and features his touring band.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://bobdylan.com/news/bob-dylans-first-three-disc-album-triplicate-set-for-march-31-release/| title=Bob Dylan's First Three-Disc Album – Triplicate – Set For March 31 Release| date=January 31, 2017| access-date=January 31, 2017| publisher=bobdylan.com| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201013730/http://bobdylan.com/news/bob-dylans-first-three-disc-album-triplicate-set-for-march-31-release/| archive-date=February 1, 2017| url-status=dead| df = mdy-all}}</ref> Dylan posted a long interview on his website to promote the album, and was asked if this material was an exercise in nostalgia. <blockquote>Nostalgic? No I wouldn't say that. It's not taking a trip down memory lane or longing and yearning for the good old days or fond memories of what's no more. A song like [[Sentimental Journey (song)|'Sentimental Journey']] is not a way back when song, it doesn't emulate the past, it's attainable and down to earth, it's in the here and now.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://bobdylan.com/news/qa-with-bill-flanagan/| title=Q & A with Bill Flanagan| author=Dylan, Flanagan| date=March 22, 2017| access-date=March 24, 2017| website=bobdylan.com}}</ref></blockquote> Critics praised the thoroughness of Dylan's exploration of the Great American Songbook, though, in the opinion of ''Uncut'', "For all its easy charms, ''Triplicate'' labours its point to the brink of overkill. After five albums' worth of croon toons, this feels like a fat full stop on a fascinating chapter."<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/triplicate/bob-dylan/critic-reviews| title=''Triplicate'' critic reviews| date=March 31, 2017| access-date=March 31, 2017| website=Metacritic}}</ref>

The next volume of Dylan's Bootleg Series revisited his "Born Again" Christian period of 1979 to 1981, described by ''Rolling Stone'' as "an intense, wildly controversial time that produced three albums and some of the most confrontational concerts of his long career".<ref name =Trouble/> Reviewing the box set ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 13: Trouble No More 1979–1981]]'', comprising 8 CDs and 1 DVD,<ref name =Trouble>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylans-new-bootleg-series-will-spotlight-gospel-period-w502023| title=Bob Dylan's New Bootleg Series Will Spotlight Gospel Period| author=Greene, Andy| date=September 20, 2017| access-date=September 20, 2017| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> [[Jon Pareles]] wrote in ''The New York Times'': <blockquote>Decades later, what comes through these recordings above all is Mr. Dylan's unmistakable fervor, his sense of mission. The studio albums are subdued, even tentative, compared with what the songs became on the road. Mr. Dylan's voice is clear, cutting and ever improvisational; working the crowds, he was emphatic, committed, sometimes teasingly combative. And the band tears into the music.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/01/arts/music/bob-dylan-bootleg-series-trouble-no-more.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102124459/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/01/arts/music/bob-dylan-bootleg-series-trouble-no-more.html |archive-date=November 2, 2017 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Bob Dylan's Songs for the Soul, Revisited and Redeemed|author=Pareles, Jon|author-link=Jon Pareles|date=November 1, 2017|access-date=November 5, 2017|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref></blockquote> ''Trouble No More'' includes a DVD of a film directed by Jennifer Lebeau consisting of live footage of Dylan's gospel performances interspersed with sermons delivered by actor [[Michael Shannon]]. 

In April 2018, Dylan made a contribution to the compilation EP ''[[Universal Love – Wedding Songs Reimagined|Universal Love]]'', a collection of reimagined wedding songs for the [[LGBT]] community.<ref name =MGMresorts>{{cite web| url=http://www.multivu.com/players/English/8295351-mgm-resorts-universal-love-lgbtq-wedding-songs/| title=Universal Love: Album of Reimagined Love Songs Features Artistic Vision of Bob Dylan, Kesha, Benjamin Gibbard, St. Vincent, Valerie June and Kele Okereke| date=April 5, 2018| access-date=May 2, 2018| publisher=MGM Resorts}}</ref> The album was funded by [[MGM Resorts International]] and the songs are intended to function as "wedding anthems for same-sex couples".<ref name=VarietyLGBT>{{cite magazine| url=https://variety.com/2018/music/news/bob-dylan-records-hes-funny-that-way-for-same-sex-lgbt-gay-themed-ep-1202744827/| title=Bob Dylan Records 'He's Funny That Way' for LGBT-Themed EP| author=Aswad, Jem| date=April 5, 2018| access-date=May 2, 2018| magazine=Variety}}</ref> Dylan recorded the 1929 song "[[She's Funny That Way]]", changing the gender pronoun to "He's Funny That Way". The song was previously recorded by [[Billie Holiday]] and Frank Sinatra.<ref name =VarietyLGBT/><ref name =NYTGay>{{Cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/05/style/bob-dylan-sings-about-gay-love.html| title=Bob Dylan Sings About Gay Love| author=Farber, Jim| date=April 5, 2018| access-date=May 2, 2018| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> That same month, ''The New York Times'' reported that Dylan was launching Heaven's Door, a range of three [[whisky|whiskeys]]. The ''Times'' described the venture as "Mr. Dylan's entry into the booming celebrity-branded spirits market, the latest career twist for an artist who has spent five decades confounding expectations".<ref name=NYTwhiskey>{{Cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/28/business/media/bob-dylan-heavens-door.html| title=Bob Dylan's Latest Gig: Making Whiskey| author=Sisario, Ben| date=April 28, 2018| access-date=May 2, 2018| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> Dylan has been involved in both the creation and the marketing of the range; on September 21, 2020, Dylan resurrected ''Theme Time Radio Hour'' with a two-hour special with the theme of "Whiskey".<ref name=whisk>{{cite web| url=https://www.annemargaretdaniel.com/blog/2020/9/21/5wjow3blp2wczqc0nqp7q2mzhtwf2g | title=Bob Dylan, Whisk(e)y, And A New "Theme Time Radio Hour"| author=Daniel, Anne Margaret| date=September 22, 2020| access-date=October 23, 2020| website=annmargaretdaniel.com}}</ref> On November 2, 2018, Dylan released ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 14: More Blood, More Tracks|More Blood, More Tracks]]'' as Volume 14 in the Bootleg Series. The set comprises all Dylan's recordings for ''Blood On the Tracks'' and was issued as a single CD and also as a six-CD Deluxe Edition.<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/bob-dylan-plots-massive-blood-on-the-tracks-reissue-for-latest-bootleg-series-725973/| title=Bob Dylan Plots Massive 'Blood On The Tracks' Reissue for Latest 'Bootleg Series'| author=Greene, Andy| date=September 20, 2018| access-date=September 20, 2018| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref>

In 2019, [[Netflix]] released ''[[Rolling Thunder Revue: A Bob Dylan Story by Martin Scorsese]]'', billed as "Part documentary, part concert film, part fever dream".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Willman|first1=Chris|title=Bob Dylan, Martin Scorsese Reunite for ''Rolling Thunder'' Film, Coming to Netflix in 2019|url=https://variety.com/2019/music/news/bob-dylan-martin-scorsese-rolling-thunder-film-netflix-1203104499/|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=April 20, 2019|date=January 10, 2019}}</ref><ref name=Willman2019>{{cite web|last1=Willman|first1=Chris|title=Martin Scorsese's ''Rolling Thunder'' Bob Dylan Doc Hits Netflix June 12 (Exclusive)|url=https://news.yahoo.com/martin-scorsese-rolling-thunder-bob-160036502.html|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|via=news.yahoo.com|access-date=March 31, 2020|date=April 25, 2019}}</ref> The film received largely positive reviews but also aroused controversy because it mixed documentary footage filmed during the Rolling Thunder Revue in the fall of 1975 with fictitious characters and stories.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://variety.com/2019/music/columns/why-did-martin-scorsese-prank-his-audience-in-rolling-thunder-revue-1203243856/| title=Why Did Martin Scorsese Prank His Audience in 'Rolling Thunder Revue'? Even He May Not Know| author=Gleiberman, Owen| date=June 15, 2019 | access-date=July 1, 2019|newspaper=Variety}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| last=Powers| first=Ann| title=To Capture Bob Dylan's Rolling Thunder Revue, Martin Scorsese Had To Get Weird| date=June 10, 2019| url=https://www.npr.org/2019/06/10/731305441/to-capture-bob-dylans-rolling-thunder-revue-martin-scorsese-had-to-get-weird| work=NPR}}</ref> Coinciding with the film release, the box set ''[[Bob Dylan – The Rolling Thunder Revue: The 1975 Live Recordings|The Rolling Thunder Revue: The 1975 Live Recordings]]'', was released by Columbia Records. The set comprises five full Dylan performances from the tour and recently discovered tapes from Dylan's tour rehearsals.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/bob-dylan-rolling-thunder-revue-box-set-track-list-829276/| title=Bob Dylan Details 14-Disc Rolling Thunder Revue Box Set| author=Blistein, Jon| date=April 30, 2019| access-date=May 1, 2019| publisher=rollingstone.com}}</ref> The box set received an aggregate score of 89 on Metacritic, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/rolling-thunder-revue-the-1975-live-recordings-box-set/bob-dylan/critic-reviews| title=''Rolling Thunder Revue: The 1975 Live Recordings [Box Set]''| date=June 7, 2019| access-date=June 8, 2019| publisher=metacritic.com}}</ref> The next installment of Dylan's Bootleg Series, ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 15: Travelin' Thru, 1967–1969|Bob Dylan (featuring Johnny Cash) – Travelin' Thru, 1967 – 1969: The Bootleg Series Vol. 15]]'', was released on November 1. The set comprises outtakes from Dylan's albums ''John Wesley Harding'' and ''Nashville Skyline'', and songs that Dylan recorded with Johnny Cash in Nashville in 1969 and with [[Earl Scruggs]] in 1970.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://variety.com/2019/music/album-reviews/bob-dylan-review-travelin-thru-johnny-cash-bootleg-series-1203389789/| title=Album Review: Bob Dylan's 'Travelin' Thru: The Bootleg Series Vol. 15, 1967–1969′| author=Morris, Chris| date = October 31, 2019| access-date=November 5, 2019|newspaper=Variety.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.bobdylan.com/news/bob-dylan-featuring-johnny-cash-travelin-thru-1967-1969-the-bootleg-series-vol-15-released-nov-1/| title=Bob Dylan (Featuring Johnny Cash) – Travelin' Thru, 1967 – 1969: The Bootleg Series Vol. 15 out on Nov. 1| date= September 20, 2019| access-date=September 20, 2019| publisher=bobdylan.com}}</ref>

===2020–present ===
''' ''Rough and Rowdy Ways'' '''
{{Main|Rough and Rowdy Ways}}

On March 26, 2020, Dylan released "[[Murder Most Foul (song)|Murder Most Foul]]", a seventeen-minute song revolving around the [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|Kennedy assassination]], on his YouTube channel.<ref name="mmf">{{cite web| url=https://www.avclub.com/bob-dylan-just-surprise-released-a-17-minute-song-about-1842520308| title=Bob Dylan Just Surprise-Released a 17-Minute Song About JFK, America, and also Freddy Krueger| last=Hughes| first=William |date=March 27, 2020|access-date=March 27, 2020| publisher=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' reported on April 8 that "Murder Most Foul" had topped the Billboard Rock Digital Song Sales Chart, the first time that Dylan had scored a number one song on a pop chart under his own name.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://pitchfork.com/news/bob-dylans-murder-most-foul-is-his-first-no-1-song-on-any-billboard-chart/| title=Bob Dylan's "Murder Most Foul" Is His First No. 1 Song on Any Billboard Chart| author=Hussey, Allison| date=April 8, 2020| access-date=April 9, 2020|newspaper=Pitchfork.com}}</ref> Three weeks later, on April 17, 2020, Dylan released another new song, "[[I Contain Multitudes]]".<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgEP8teNXwY| title=Bob Dylan – I Contain Multitudes (Official Audio)| date=April 17, 2020| access-date=April 17, 2020| website=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/bob-dylan-song-contain-multitudes-985674/|last=Hiatt|first=Brian|title=Hear Bob Dylan's Daring New Song, 'I Contain Multitudes'|date=April 17, 2020|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=April 17, 2020}}</ref> The title is from [[Walt Whitman]]'s poem "[[Song of Myself]]".<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.annemargaretdaniel.com/blog/2020/4/16/bob-dylan-drops-another-midnight-special| title=Bob Dylan Drops Another Midnight Special: The New Song "I Contain Multitudes"| author=Daniel, Anne Margaret| date=April 16, 2020| access-date=April 17, 2020| website=annemargaretdaniel.com}}</ref> On May 7, Dylan released a third single, "[[False Prophet (song)|False Prophet]]", accompanied by the news that the three songs would all appear on a forthcoming double album.

''[[Rough and Rowdy Ways]]'', Dylan's 39th studio album and his first album of original material since 2012, was released on June 19 to favorable reviews.<ref name="metaR" /> [[Alexis Petridis]] wrote: "For all its bleakness, ''Rough and Rowdy Ways'' might well be Bob Dylan's most consistently brilliant set of songs in years: the die-hards can spend months unravelling the knottier lyrics, but you don't need a PhD in Dylanology to appreciate its singular quality and power."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/jun/13/bob-dylan-rough-and-rowdy-ways-review| title=Bob Dylan: Rough and Rowdy Ways review – a testament to his eternal greatness| author=Petridis, Alexis| date=June 13, 2020| access-date=June 19, 2020|work=The Guardian}}</ref> [[Rob Sheffield]] wrote: "While the world keeps trying to celebrate him as an institution, pin him down, cast him in the Nobel Prize canon, embalm his past, this drifter always keeps on making his next escape. On ''Rough and Rowdy Ways'', Dylan is exploring terrain nobody else has reached before—yet he just keeps pushing on into the future".<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-album-reviews/bob-dylan-rough-rowdy-ways-1015086/| title=Bob Dylan Has Given Us One of His Most Timely Albums Ever With 'Rough and Rowdy Ways'| author=Sheffield, Rob| date=June 15, 2020| access-date=June 19, 2020|magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> The album earned a score of 95 on Metacritic, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref name="metaR">{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/rough-and-rowdy-ways/bob-dylan/critic-reviews| title=Rough and Rowdy Ways, Critic reviews| date=June 19, 2020| access-date=June 19, 2020| website=metacritic.com}}</ref> In its first week of release ''Rough and Rowdy Ways'' reached number one on the UK album chart, making Dylan "the oldest artist to score a No. 1 of new, original material".<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9409789/bob-dylan-rough-rowdy-ways-tops-uk-chart| title=Bob Dylan Becomes Oldest Male Solo Artist To Score UK No. 1 Album| author=Sexton, Paul| date=June 26, 2020| access-date=June 27, 2020| magazine=Billboard}}</ref>

In December 2020, it was announced that Dylan had sold his entire song catalog to [[Universal Music Publishing Group]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/music/bob-dylan-sells-entire-song-catalog-universal-media-group-n1250190|title=Bob Dylan sells entire song catalog to Universal Media Group|website=NBC News|date=December 7, 2020}}</ref> including both the income he receives as a songwriter and his control of their copyright. Universal, a division of the French media conglomerate [[Vivendi]], will collect all future income from the songs.<ref name=nytprice>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/07/arts/music/bob-dylan-sells-publishing.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207120114/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/07/arts/music/bob-dylan-sells-publishing.html |archive-date=December 7, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Bob Dylan Sells His Songwriting Catalog in Blockbuster Deal|first=Ben|last=Sisario|date=December 7, 2020|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> ''The New York Times'' stated Universal had purchased the copyright to over 600 songs and the price was "estimated at more than $300 million",<ref name="nytprice" /> although other reports suggested the figure was closer to $400&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/pro/news/bob-dylan-hipgnosis-offer-1100912/| title=Bob Dylan Rejected a $400 Million Hipgnosis Offer Before Universal Music's Deal| author=Millman, Ethan| date=December 8, 2020| access-date=December 11, 2020| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref>

In February 2021, Columbia Records released ''1970'', a three-CD set of recordings from the ''Self Portrait'' and ''New Morning'' sessions, including the entirety of the session Dylan recorded with George Harrison on May 1, 1970.<ref name=1970Box>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/1970-box-set/bob-dylan/critic-reviews| title=1970 [Box Set] critics reviews| date=March 1, 2021| access-date=March 1, 2021| publisher=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref><ref name=georg>{{cite web| url=http://www.bjorner.com/DSN01790%201970.htm#DSN01810| title=1 May 1970, 1st New Morning recording session, produced by Bob Johnston| author=Bjorner, Olof| date=February 3, 2021| access-date=March 1, 2021| website=Bjorner's Still On the Road| archive-date=April 12, 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412080631/http://www.bjorner.com/DSN01790%201970.htm#DSN01810| url-status=dead}}</ref> Dylan's 80th birthday was commemorated by a virtual conference, Dylan@80, organized by the [[University of Tulsa]] Institute for Bob Dylan Studies. The program featured seventeen sessions over three days delivered by over fifty international scholars, journalists and musicians.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://dylan.utulsa.edu/dylan-80-virtual-conference/| title=Dylan@80 Virtual Conference| date=April 24, 2021| access-date=May 22, 2021| website=utulsa.edu}}</ref> Several new biographies and studies of Dylan were published.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2021/mar/28/and-the-brand-played-on-bob-dylan-at-80| title=And the brand played on: Bob Dylan at 80| author=Spencer, Neil| date=March 28, 2021| access-date=May 22, 2021| work=The Observer}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bostonherald.com/2021/05/24/bob-dylan-turns-80-as-fans-celebrate-with-events-throughout-the-world/| title=Bob Dylan turns 80 as fans celebrate with events throughout the world| date=May 24, 2021| access-date=May 25, 2021| work=Boston Herald}}</ref> 

In July 2021, livestream platform Veeps presented a 50-minute performance by Dylan, ''[[Shadow Kingdom: The Early Songs of Bob Dylan]]''.<ref name=warrior>{{cite news| url=https://apnews.com/article/entertainment-music-health-arts-and-entertainment-coronavirus-pandemic-8d2544563bbb9744cf07dd010401cc6b| title=Road warrior Bob Dylan returns to stage — at least on film| author=Bauder, David| date=July 19, 2021| access-date=July 19, 2021| publisher=Associated Press}}</ref> Filmed in black and white with a [[film noir]] look,<ref name =lynch>{{cite news| url=https://variety.com/2021/music/news/bob-dylan-stream-review-shadow-kingdom-livestream-1235022627/| title=Bob Dylan Gets Smoke in His Eyes, but Not So Much in His Excellent Vocals, in Lynch-esque 'Shadow Kingdom': Stream Review| author=Willman, Chris| date=July 19, 2021| access-date=July 27, 2021| work=variety.com}}</ref> Dylan performed 13 songs in a club setting with an audience.<ref name=warrior/><ref name=joy>{{cite web| url=https://bestclassicbands.com/bob-dylan-2021-review-streamed-concert-shadow-kingdom-7-18-21/| title=Bob Dylan Streamed Concert: 'What a Joy'| author=Holdship, Bill| date=July 18, 2021| access-date=July 19, 2021| website=bestclassicbands.com}}</ref> The performance was favorably reviewed,<ref name=joy/><ref name=lynch/> and one critic suggested the backing band resembled the style of the musical ''[[Girl from the North Country (musical)|Girl from the North Country]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://thebluemoment.com/2021/07/18/dylan-in-the-shadows/| title=Dylan in the Shadows| author=Williams, Richard| date=July 18, 2021| access-date = July 19, 2021| website=thebluemoment.com}}</ref> The [[Shadow Kingdom|soundtrack to the film]] was released on 2 LP and CD formats in June 2023.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/shadow-kingdom/bob-dylan/critic-reviews| title=Shadow Kingdom by Bob Dylan, Critic Reviews| date=June 2, 2023| access-date=June 2, 2023| publisher=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref> In September, Dylan released ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 16: Springtime in New York 1980–1985|Springtime in New York: The Bootleg Series Vol. 16 (1980–1985)]]'', issued in 2 LP, 2 CD and 5 CD formats. It comprised rehearsals, live recordings, out-takes and alternative takes from ''Shot of Love'', ''Infidels'' and ''Empire Burlesque''.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.hotpress.com/music/bob-dylan-in-a-new-york-state-of-mind-22870583| title=Bob Dylan: In A New York State of Mind| author=Daniel, Anne Margaret| date=September 10, 2021| access-date=September 17, 2021| work=Hot Press}}</ref> In ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', [[Neil McCormick]] wrote: "These bootleg sessions remind us that Dylan's worst period is still more interesting than most artists' purple patches".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/what-to-listen-to/bob-dylan-springtime-new-york-review-good-times-almost-never/| title=Bob Dylan: Springtime in New York, review: good times (almost) never seemed so good| author=McCormick, Neil| date=September 16, 2021| access-date=September 17, 2021| work=Daily Telegraph}}</ref> ''Springtime in New York'' received an aggregate score of 85 on Metacritic.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/springtime-in-new-york-the-bootleg-series-vol-16-1980-1985/bob-dylan| title=Springtime in New York: critic reviews| date=September 17, 2021| access-date=September 17, 2021| website=Metacritic}}</ref>

On July 7, 2022, [[Christie's]], London, auctioned a 2021 recording of Dylan singing "Blowin' in the Wind". The record was in an innovative "one of one" recording medium, branded as Ionic Original, which producer T Bone Burnett claimed "surpasses the sonic excellence and depth for which analogue sound is renowned, while at the same time boasting the durability of a digital recording."<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.christies.com/features/an-ionic-original-recording-of-blowin-in-the-wind-12353-3.aspx?sc_lang=en| title='The pinnacle of recorded sound': a unique 2021 recording of Bob Dylan's 'Blowin' in the Wind' created using groundbreaking Ionic Original technology| date=June 20, 2022| access-date=August 1, 2022| website=Christie's}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://variety.com/2022/music/news/bob-dylan-t-bone-burnett-auction-ionic-original-disc-christies-interview-1235300576/| title=Why Did T Bone Burnett Record a Song With Bob Dylan That Only One Person Can Own? To Disrupt the Art Market| author=Willman, Chris| date=June 23, 2022| access-date=August 3, 2022| magazine=Variety}}</ref> The recording fetched GBP £1,482,000—equivalent to $1,769,508.<ref name=1.8>{{cite magazine| url=https://variety.com/2022/music/news/bob-dylan-auction-record-blowin-wind-sells-million-dollars-pounds-1235311170/| title=Newly Recorded Version of Bob Dylan's 'Blowin' in the Wind' Sells for Nearly $1.8 Million at Auction| author=Willman, Chris| date=July 7, 2022| access-date=August 3, 2022| magazine=Variety}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-a-neofidelity-ionic-original-acetate-disc-of-6381194/?lid=1&from=relatedlot&intobjectid=6381194| title=A Neofidelity Ionic Original Acetate Disc Of A 2021 Recording Of 'Blowin' In The Wind' With Custom Walnut And White Oak Cabinet| date=July 7, 2022| access-date=August 30, 2022| website=christies.com}}</ref> In November, Dylan published ''[[The Philosophy of Modern Song]]'', a collection of 66 essays on songs by other artists. ''[[The New Yorker]]'' described it as "a rich, riffy, funny, and completely engaging book of essays".<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/10/31/a-unified-field-theory-of-bob-dylan| title=A Unified Field Theory of Bob Dylan| author=Remnick, David| date=October 24, 2022| access-date=November 7, 2022| magazine=The New Yorker}}</ref> Other reviewers praised the book's eclectic outlook,<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/nov/01/the-philosophy-of-modern-song-by-bob-dylan-review| title=The Philosophy of Modern Song by Bob Dylan review – an enlightening listen-along| author=O'Hagan, Sean| date=November 1, 2022| access-date=November 7, 2022|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> while some questioned its variations in style and dearth of female songwriters.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/07/books/bob-dylan-philosophy-of-modern-song.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=Books| title=Bob Dylan Breaks Down 66 Classic Tunes in His New Book| author=Garner, Dwight| date=November 7, 2022| access-date=November 8, 2022| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref>

In January 2023, Dylan released ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 17: Fragments – Time Out of Mind Sessions (1996–1997)]]'' in multiple formats. The 5-CD version comprised a re-mix of the 1997 album "to sound more like how the songs came across when the musicians originally played them in the room" without the effects and processing which producer Daniel Lanois applied later; 25 previously unreleased out-takes from the studio sessions; and a disc of live performances of each song on the album performed by Dylan and his band in concert.<ref name=TOOM>{{cite web| url=https://bestclassicbands.com/dylan-time-mind-bootleg-17-review-1-25-23/| title=Bob Dylan's Brilliant 'Time Out of Mind' Gets the Box Set Treatment: Review| author=Burger, Jeff| date=January 25, 2023| access-date=January 27, 2023| website=bestclassicbands.com}}</ref> On November 17, 2023, Dylan released ''[[The Complete Budokan 1978]]'', containing the full recordings of the February 28 and March 1 Tokyo concerts from his 1978 Tour.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/the-complete-budokan-1978-live/bob-dylan|title=The Complete Budokan 1978 [Live] by Bob Dylan critic reviews |website=[[Metacritic]]|access-date=September 16, 2024}}</ref>

Dylan contributed a cover version of [[Cole Porter]]'s song "[[Don't Fence Me In (song)|Don't Fence Me In]]" to the soundtrack of the biographical film ''[[Reagan_(2024_film)|Reagan]]'', which was released on August 30, 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/bob-dylan-dont-fence-me-in-ronald-reagan-biopic-1235082418/| title=Bob Dylan to Cover 'Don't Fence Me In' for Ronald Reagan biopic| author = Kreps, Daniel| date = August 17, 2024| access-date = September 15, 2024 | website = rollingstone.com}}</ref> On September 20, 2024, Dylan released ''[[The 1974 Live Recordings]]'', a 27-disc CD boxset of recordings from the 1974 Bob Dylan & The Band tour, featuring 417 previously unreleased live tracks.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.metacritic.com/music/the-1974-live-recordings-box-set/bob-dylan| title = The 1974 Live Recordings critics' reviews| date = September 20, 2024| access-date = September 20, 2024| website = metacritic.com}}</ref>

==Never Ending Tour==
{{Main|Never Ending Tour}}
[[File:Bob Dylan Finsbury Park London 2011.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|alt=Bob Dylan performing at Finsbury Park, London, June 18, 2011|Dylan performing at Finsbury Park, London, June 18, 2011]]
The Never Ending Tour commenced on June 7, 1988.<ref>Heylin (1996), p. 297.</ref> Dylan has played roughly 100 dates a year since, a heavier schedule than most performers who started in the 1960s.<ref>Muir, pp. 7–10.</ref> By April 2019, Dylan and his band had played more than 3,000 shows,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.bjorner.com/DSN39740%20-%202019%20Europe%20Spring%20Tour.htm#DSN39860| title = Björner's Still On The Road: Innsbruck, Austria, 19 April 2019| date = May 26, 2019| access-date=October 13, 2019| publisher=bjorner.com}}</ref> anchored by long-time bassist [[Tony Garnier (musician)|Tony Garnier]].<ref name = Milwauk21>{{cite web| url = https://www.boblinks.com/110221s.html| title = Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Set List| date = November 2, 2021| access-date = November 3, 2021| website = boblinks.com}}</ref>

To the dismay of some of his audience,<ref>{{cite news|author=McCormick, Neil|date=June 19, 2011|title=Bob Dylan at Finsbury Park|publisher=Telegraph, UK|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopmusic/8585826/Bob-Dylan-at-Finsbury-Parks-Feis-Festival-review.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopmusic/8585826/Bob-Dylan-at-Finsbury-Parks-Feis-Festival-review.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=June 20, 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Dylan's performances are unpredictable as he often alters his arrangements and changes his vocal approach.<ref>{{cite web|author=Zollo, Paul|date=October 28, 2014|title=Concert Review: Bob Dylan Brings The Goods To Hollywood|url=http://www.americansongwriter.com/2014/10/concert-review-bob-dylan-brings-goods-hollywood/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029131333/http://www.americansongwriter.com/2014/10/concert-review-bob-dylan-brings-goods-hollywood/|archive-date=October 29, 2014|access-date=October 29, 2014|publisher=americansongwriter.com}}</ref> These variable performances have divided critics. [[Richard Williams (journalist)|Richard Williams]] and Andy Gill argued that Dylan has found a successful way to present his rich legacy of material.<ref>{{cite news|author=Williams, Richard|date=October 22, 2015|title=Bob Dylan review – relaxed, mellifluous and wholly intelligible|work=The Guardian|location=UK|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/oct/22/bob-dylan-review-royal-albert-hall-london|access-date=November 5, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Gill, Andy|date=April 27, 2009|title=Dylan's times ain't a-changin'|work=The Independent|location=London|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/bob-dylan-o2-arena-london-1674751.html|access-date=May 2, 2009}}</ref> Others have criticized his live performances for changing "the greatest lyrics ever written so that they are effectively unrecognisable", and giving so little to the audience that "it is difficult to understand what he is doing on stage at all".<ref>{{cite news|author=McCormick, Neil|date=April 27, 2009|title=Bob Dylan&nbsp;– live review|work=The Telegraph|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bob-dylan/5229391/Bob-Dylan-The-Roundhouse.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/bob-dylan/5229391/Bob-Dylan-The-Roundhouse.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=May 2, 2009}}{{cbignore}}</ref> 

In September 2021, Dylan's touring company announced a series of tours which were billed as the "[[Rough and Rowdy Ways World Wide Tour|Rough and Rowdy Ways World Wide Tour, 2021–2024]]". The Rough and Rowdy Ways World Tour replaced Dylan's varied set lists with a more stable repertory, performing nine of the ten songs on his [[Rough and Rowdy Ways|2020 album]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.mojo4music.com/articles/stories/bob-dylan-live-in-austin-review/#| title =Bob Dylan Live In Austin Review: Latest chapter of The Never Ending Tour comes to a masterful close| author =Blackstock, Peter| date = April 6, 2024| access-date = April 8, 2024| website = mojo4music.com}}</ref> Nevertheless, the tour has been referred to by the media as an extension of his ongoing Never Ending Tour.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Levy|first=Piet|title=Bob Dylan is resuming his 'Never Ending Tour,' beginning with a show at Milwaukee's Riverside Theater|url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/entertainment/music/2021/09/27/bob-dylan-resuming-his-never-ending-tour-beginning-show-milwaukees-riverside-theater/5883872001/|access-date=January 3, 2022|website=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|language=en-US}}</ref>

In February 2025, Dylan announced that he would undertake a U.S. leg of his Rough and Rowdy Ways World Wide Tour, commencing in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]] on March 25, and ending in [[Williamsport, Pennsylvania]] on April 22. It was also announced that Dylan would take part in the Outlaw Music Festival 2025 Tour, appearing alongside [[Willie Nelson]] and other artists, beginning on May 13 in [[Phoenix, Arizona]], and finishing on September 19 in [[East Troy, Wisconsin]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://bestclassicbands.com/bob-dylan-2025-tour-outlaw-music-festival-2-3-25/| title = Bob Dylan Expands 2025 Tour With Dozens of Shows| date = February 2, 2025| access-date = February 4, 2025| website = bestclassicbands.com}}</ref> Alex Ross has summarised Dylan's touring career: "his shows cause his songs to mutate, so that no definitive or ideal version exists. Dylan's legacy will be the sum of thousands of performances, over many decades{{nbsp}}... Every night, whether he's in good or bad form, he says, in effect, 'Think again.'"<ref name="Ross"/>

==Personal life==
===Romantic relationships===
====Echo Helstrom====
[[Echo Helstrom]] was Dylan's high school girlfriend. The couple listened together to rhythm-and-blues on the radio, and her family exposed him to singers such as [[Jimmie Rodgers]] on [[Phonograph record#78 rpm disc developments|78 RPM records]], and a range of folk music magazines, sheet music, and manuscripts.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.startribune.com/the-original-girl-from-the-north-country-bob-dylan-s-high-school-sweetheart-has-died/470716473/ |title=The original 'Girl From the North Country,' Bob Dylan's high school sweetheart has died |author=Matt Steichen |date=January 25, 2018 |work=[Minneapolis] Star-Tribune |accessdate=October 21, 2021}}{{cite book |last=Dylan |first=Bob |title=Chronicles, Volume 1 |pages=59–60 |accessdate= |year=2004 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York |isbn=9780743228152}}{{cite web |url=https://uminnpressblog.com/2018/01/25/lookin-to-get-silly-in-hibbing-toby-thompson-on-echo-star-helstrom-the-girl-from-the-north-country/ |title=Lookin' to get silly in Hibbing: Toby Thompson on Echo Star Helstrom, the 'Girl from the North Country' |author=Toby Thompson |date=January 25, 2018 |work=University of Minnesota Press Blog |accessdate=October 20, 2021}}</ref> Helstrom is believed by some to be the inspiration for Dylan's song "[[Girl from the North Country]]", though this is disputed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/news/4391880-dylans-presumed-girl-north-country-has-died |title=Dylan's presumed 'Girl from the North Country' has died |author= |date=January 22, 2018 |work=Duluth News-Tribune |url-access=registration |accessdate=October 21, 2021}} {{cite web |url=http://english.la.psu.edu/faculty-staff/cwt1 |title=Penn State professor, biographer reflects on Dylan at 70 |author=Toby Thompson |date=May 20, 2011 |work=Penn State Live |accessdate=January 4, 2014}}(quoted in Thompson's Penn State faculty biography){{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/article/obituary-echo-helstrom-kqdmkgwxk |title=Echo Helstrom (obituary) |author=<!--staff--> |date=February 3, 2018 |work=The Times |access-date=October 22, 2021 |quote=[In 1963, Dylan] paid Helstrom an even greater compliment by making her the muse of his folk ballad ''Girl From the North Country''... |url-access=subscription}}{{cite web |url=https://www.startribune.com/the-original-girl-from-the-north-country-bob-dylan-s-high-school-sweetheart-has-died/470716473/ |title=The original 'Girl From the North Country,' Bob Dylan's high school sweetheart has died |author=Matt Steichen |date=January 25, 2018 |work=[Minneapolis] Star-Tribune |accessdate=October 21, 2021}}>{{cite web |url=https://www.record-bee.com/2018/01/25/dylans-girl-from-the-north-country-maybe-dies-in-california/ |title=Dylan's 'Girl from the North Country' (maybe) dies in California |author=Christa Lawler and Digital First Media |date=January 25, 2018 |work=Lake Country Record-Bee |accessdate=October 22, 2021}}{{cite book |last=Heylin |first=Clinton |title=Revolution in the Air: The Songs of Bob Dylan, 1957–1973 |year=2012 |publisher=Chicago Review Press |isbn=978-1613743362 |pages=119–121}}</ref>

====Suze Rotolo====
Dylan's first serious relationship was with artist [[Suze Rotolo]], a daughter of [[Communist Party USA]] radicals. According to Dylan, "She was the most erotic thing I'd ever seen&nbsp;... The air was suddenly filled with banana leaves. We started talking and my head started to spin".<ref>Dylan, ''Chronicles'', 2004, p. 265.</ref> Rotolo was photographed arm-in-arm with Dylan on the cover of his album ''The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan''. Critics have connected Rotolo to some of Dylan's early love songs, including "[[Don't Think Twice It's All Right]]". The relationship ended in 1964.<ref>Gray, ''The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia'', 2006, pp. 592–594.</ref> In 2008, Rotolo published a memoir about her life in Greenwich Village and relationship with Dylan in the 1960s, ''A Freewheelin' Time''.<ref>Suze Rotolo, A Freewheelin' Time, Aurum Press, 2008, {{ISBN|978-1-84513-392-4}}</ref>

====Joan Baez====
When [[Joan Baez]] met Dylan in April 1961, she had already released her [[Joan Baez (album)|first album]] and was acclaimed as the "Queen of Folk".<ref>Hajdu, ''Positively 4th Street'', 2001, p. 76</ref> On hearing Dylan perform his song "[[With God on Our Side (song)|With God on Our Side]]", Baez later said, "I never thought anything so powerful could come out of that little toad".<ref>{{Cite magazine| url = https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/09/04/bob-on-bob| title = Bob on Bob| author = Menand, Louis| date = September 4, 2006| access-date=December 20, 2016| magazine = The New Yorker}}</ref> In July 1963, Baez invited Dylan to join her on stage at the Newport Folk Festival, setting the scene for similar duets over the next two years.<ref name=GrayBaez>Gray, ''The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia'', 2006, pp. 28–31.</ref> By the time of Dylan's 1965 tour of the UK, their romantic relationship had begun to fizzle out, as captured in D. A. Pennebaker's documentary film ''[[Dont Look Back]]''.<ref name=GrayBaez/> Baez later toured with Dylan as a performer on his Rolling Thunder Revue in 1975–76. Baez also starred as "The Woman In White" in the film ''Renaldo and Clara'' (1978), directed by Dylan.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/06/martin-scorsese-bob-dylan-documentary| title = Scorsese's New Dylan Documentary Is the Rebirth Myth America Need| author = Hogan, Mike| date = June 10, 2019| access-date = February 22, 2020|newspaper = [[Vanity Fair magazine|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> Dylan and Baez toured together again in 1984 with [[Carlos Santana]].<ref name=GrayBaez/>

Baez recalled her relationship with Dylan in [[Martin Scorsese]]'s documentary film ''No Direction Home'' (2005). Baez wrote about Dylan in two autobiographies—admiringly in ''Daybreak'' (1968), and less admiringly in ''And A Voice to Sing With'' (1987). Her song "[[Diamonds & Rust (song)|Diamonds & Rust]]" has been described as "an acute portrait" of Dylan.<ref name=GrayBaez/>

====Sara Lownds====
Dylan married [[Sara Lownds]], who had worked as a model and secretary at [[Robert Drew|Drew Associates]], on November 22, 1965.<ref name =Gray198/> They had four children: [[Jesse Dylan|Jesse Byron]] (born January 6, 1966), Anna Lea (born July 11, 1967), Samuel Isaac Abram (born July 30, 1968), and [[Jakob Dylan|Jakob Luke]] (born December 9, 1969). Dylan also adopted Sara's daughter from a prior marriage, Maria Lownds (later Dylan, born October 21, 1961). Sara Dylan played the role of Clara in Dylan's film ''Renaldo and Clara'' (1978). Bob and Sara Dylan were divorced on June 29, 1977.<ref name =Gray198>Gray (2006), pp. 198–200.</ref>

====Carolyn Dennis====
Dylan and his backing singer [[Carolyn Dennis]] (often professionally known as Carol Dennis) have a daughter, Desiree Gabrielle Dennis-Dylan, born on January 31, 1986.<ref>Sounes, pp. 371–373.</ref> The couple were married on June 4, 1986, and divorced in October 1992. Their marriage and child remained a closely guarded secret until the publication of [[Howard Sounes]]'s biography ''Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan'', in 2001.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1273409.stm| title = Dylan's Secret Marriage Uncovered| access-date=September 7, 2008|work=BBC News | date = April 12, 2001}}</ref>

===Home===
When not touring, Dylan is believed to live primarily in [[Point Dume]], on the coast of [[Malibu, California]], though he owns property around the world.<ref>{{cite magazine| url = https://variety.com/2013/biz/features/bob-dylan-house-designer-1200406286/| title = Bob Dylan's Designer Brings It All Back Home| author = Chagollan, Steve| date = April 26, 2013| access-date = September 16, 2017| magazine = Variety.com}}</ref><ref name=Marty>{{cite book| last =Newman| first =Martin Alan| title =Bob Dylan's Malibu| publisher =EDLIS Café Press| year =2021| location =Hibbing, Minnesota| isbn =9781736972304}}</ref>

===Religious beliefs===
Growing up in Hibbing, Minnesota, Dylan and his family were part of the area's small, close-knit Jewish community, and Dylan had his ''[[bar mitzvah]]'' in May 1954.<ref>According to Robert Shelton, Dylan's teacher was "Rabbi Reuben Maier of the only synagogue on the [[Iron Range]], Hibbing's Agudath Achim Synagogue". See Shelton, pp. 35–36.</ref><ref name="Haaretz" /> Around the time of his 30th birthday, in 1971, Dylan visited Israel, and also met Rabbi [[Meir Kahane]], founder of the New York-based [[Jewish Defense League]].<ref>Heylin (2000), p. 328.</ref>

In the late 1970s, Dylan converted to Christianity. In November 1978, guided by his friend Mary Alice Artes, Dylan made contact with the [[Vineyard Christian Fellowship|Vineyard School of Discipleship]].<ref name =Vineyard>{{cite web| url = http://blog.oup.com/2017/01/bob-dylan-christianity/| title = The year Bob Dylan was born again: a timeline| author = McCarron, Andrew
| date = January 21, 2017| access-date=January 24, 2017| publisher = Oxford University Press
}}</ref> Vineyard Pastor Kenn Gulliksen recalled: "Larry Myers and Paul Emond went over to Bob's house and ministered to him. He responded by saying yes, he did in fact want Christ in his life. And he prayed that day and received the Lord".<ref>Heylin (2000), ''Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades Revisited'', p. 494.</ref><ref>Gray, 2006, ''The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia'', pp. 76–80.</ref> From January to March 1979, Dylan attended Vineyard's Bible study classes in [[Reseda, California]].<ref name =Vineyard/><ref>Heylin, 1996, ''Bob Dylan: A Life In Stolen Moments'', p. 206.</ref>

By 1984, Dylan was distancing himself from the "[[Born again (Christianity)|born again]]" label. He told [[Kurt Loder]] of ''Rolling Stone'': "I've never said I'm 'born again'. That's just a media term. I don't think I've been an agnostic. I've always thought there's a superior power, that this is not the real world and that there's a world to come."<ref>''Rolling Stone'', June 21, 1984, reprinted in Cott (ed.), ''Dylan on Dylan: The Essential Interviews'', p. 288.</ref> In 1997, he told [[David Gates (author)|David Gates]] of ''[[Newsweek]]'':

{{blockquote|Here's the thing with me and the religious thing. This is the flat-out truth: I find the religiosity and philosophy in the music. I don't find it anywhere else. Songs like "Let Me Rest on a Peaceful Mountain" or "[[I Saw the Light (Hank Williams song)|I Saw the Light]]"—that's my religion. I don't adhere to rabbis, preachers, evangelists, all of that. I've learned more from the songs than I've learned from any of this kind of entity. The songs are my lexicon. I believe the songs.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/dylan-revisited-174056|title=Dylan Revisited|author=Gates, David| date=October 6, 1997|access-date=June 8, 2010|work=Newsweek}}</ref>}}

Dylan has supported the [[Chabad|Chabad Lubavitch]] movement,<ref>Fishkoff, p. 167.</ref> and has privately participated in Jewish religious events, including his sons' ''bar mitzvahs'' and services at [[Hadar Hatorah]], a [[Chabad Lubavitch]] [[yeshiva]]. In 1989 and 1991, he appeared on the Chabad [[telethon]].<ref>Heylin (1996), pp. 317, 343.</ref>

Dylan has continued to perform songs from his gospel albums in concert, occasionally covering traditional religious songs. He has made passing references to his religious faith, such as in a 2004 interview with ''[[60 Minutes]]'', when he told [[Ed Bradley]], "the only person you have to think twice about lying to is either yourself or to God". He explained his constant touring schedule as part of a bargain he made a long time ago with the "chief commander—in this earth and in the world we can't see".<ref name="60minutes2005">{{cite news| url = https://www.cbsnews.com/news/60-minutes-bob-dylan-rare-interview-2004/| title = Dylan Looks Back| author = Leung, Rebecca| date = June 12, 2005| access-date=February 25, 2009| work = CBS News}}</ref>

Speaking to Jeff Slate of ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' in December 2022, Dylan reaffirmed his religious outlook: "I read the scriptures a lot, meditate and pray, light candles in church. I believe in damnation and salvation as well as [[predestination]]. The [[Five Books of Moses]], [[Pauline Epistles]], [[Intercession of saints|Invocation of the Saints]], all of it."<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.bobdylan.com/news/bob-dylan-interviewed-by-wall-street-journals-jeff-slate/| title = Bob Dylan Q&A about "The Philosophy of Modern Song"| author = Slate, Jeff| date = December 20, 2022| access-date = December 22, 2022
| website = bobdylan.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/bob-dylan-interview-11671471665?mod=life_work_featured_strip_pos1| title = Bob Dylan on Music's Golden Era vs Streaming: 'Everything's Too Easy'| author = Slate, Jeff| date = December 19, 2022| access-date = December 22, 2022|newspaper = The Wall Street Journal}}</ref>

==Accolades and honors ==
{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Bob Dylan}}
[[File:President Barack Obama presents American musician Bob Dylan with a Medal of Freedom.jpg|thumb|President Obama presents Dylan with a Medal of Freedom, May 2012.]]
[[File:Sara Danius announces the Nobel Prize in Literature 2016 03.webm|thumb|[[Sara Danius]] announces the Nobel Prize in Literature 2016.]]
Dylan has been inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], [[Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame]] and [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]]. In 1997, US President [[Bill Clinton]] presented Dylan with a [[Kennedy Center]] Honor in the East Room of the [[White House]], saying: "He probably had more impact on people of my generation than any other creative artist. His voice and lyrics haven't always been easy on the ear, but throughout his career Bob Dylan has never aimed to please. He's disturbed the peace and discomforted the powerful".<ref>{{cite news| url=http://clinton4.nara.gov/textonly/WH/New/html/19971208-2814.html| title=Remarks by the President at Kennedy Center Honors Reception| access-date=September 7, 2008| publisher=Clinton White House| date=December 8, 1997| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425075802/http://clinton4.nara.gov/textonly/WH/New/html/19971208-2814.html|archive-date=April 25, 2015| url-status=dead| df=mdy-all}}</ref> In May 2000, Dylan received the [[Polar Music Prize]] from Sweden's [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|King Carl XVI]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.mtv.com/news/620402/dylan-awarded-polar-music-prize/| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005082344/http://www.mtv.com/news/620402/dylan-awarded-polar-music-prize/| url-status=dead| archive-date=October 5, 2016| title=Dylan awarded Polar Music Prize| date=December 1, 2000| access-date=October 3, 2016| publisher=MTV}}</ref> In June 2007, Dylan received the [[Princess of Asturias Award|Prince of Asturias Award]] in the Arts category; the jury called him "a living myth in the history of popular music and a light for a generation that dreamed of changing the world."<ref name="EncBr" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Bob Dylan, Prince Of Asturias Award For The Arts 2007|url=http://www.fpa.es/en/princess-of-asturias-awards/laureates/2007-bob-dylan.html?texto=trayectoria&especifica=0|website=Fundación Princesa de Asturias|year=2016|access-date=October 18, 2016|archive-date=December 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220130350/http://www.fpa.es/en/princess-of-asturias-awards/laureates/2007-bob-dylan.html?texto=trayectoria&especifica=0|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2008, the [[Pulitzer Prize]] jury awarded him a special citation for "his profound impact on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power".<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.pulitzer.org/citation/2008-Special-Awards-and-Citations| title=The 2008 Pulitzer Prize Winners Special Awards and Citations| date=November 10, 2008| access-date=May 13, 2014| publisher=pulitzer.org}}</ref> 

Dylan received the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] in May 2012.<ref name="Medal">{{cite web| url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/04/26/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients| title=President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients| date=April 26, 2012| via=[[NARA|National Archives]]| work=[[whitehouse.gov]]| access-date=April 27, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylan-awarded-presidential-medal-of-freedom-20120529|title=Bob Dylan Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=May 29, 2012|access-date=October 19, 2016}}</ref> President [[Barack Obama]], presenting Dylan with the award, said "There is not a bigger giant in the history of American music." Obama praised Dylan's voice for its "unique gravelly power that redefined not just what music sounded like but the message it carried and how it made people feel".<ref >{{cite news|last=Itzkoff|first=Dave|title=Bob Dylan Among Recipients of Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/29/bob-dylan-among-recipients-of-presidential-medal-of-freedom/|access-date=May 30, 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 29, 2012}}</ref> In November 2013, Dylan was awarded France's highest honor, the [[Légion d'Honneur]],<ref name =Legiond'H>{{Cite news| url= https://archive.nytimes.com/artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/11/14/dylan-joins-frances-legion-of-honor/?smid=pl-share | title= Dylan Joins France's Legion of Honor| author=Kozinn, Allan | date=November 14, 2013| access-date=February 22, 2024| newspaper=The New York Times }}</ref> despite the misgiving of the grand chancellor of the Légion, who had declared him unworthy.<ref name =Legiond'H/> In February 2015, Dylan accepted the [[MusiCares Person of the Year]] award from the [[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]], in recognition of his philanthropic and artistic contributions.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sisario|first1=Ben|title=At Grammys Event, Bob Dylan Speech Steals the Show|url=https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/07/at-grammys-event-bob-dylan-speech-steals-the-show/|access-date=February 8, 2015|publisher=The New York Times (ArtsBeat Blog)|date=February 7, 2015}}</ref> 

=== Nobel Prize in Literature ===
{{main|2016 Nobel Prize in Literature}}
In 1996, Gordon Ball of the [[Virginia Military Institute]] nominated Dylan for the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]],<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.expectingrain.com/dok/art/nobel/nobelpress.html| title=Finally and Formally Launched as a Candidate for the Nobel Prize for Literature, 1997|access-date=September 7, 2008| publisher=expectingrain.com| date=May 24, 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ball|first=Gordon|url=http://journal.oraltradition.org/files/articles/22i/Ball.pdf|title=Dylan and the Nobel|access-date=September 7, 2008|work=[[Oral Tradition (journal)|Oral Tradition]]|date=March 7, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808015425/http://journal.oraltradition.org/files/articles/22i/Ball.pdf|archive-date=August 8, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> initiating a campaign that lasted for 20 years.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/sep/19/bob-dylan-nobel-odds-rise-literature| title=Bob Dylan's Nobel odds rise, but not his chances| author=Flood, Alison| date=September 19, 2012| access-date=September 20, 2012| work=The Guardian| location=London}}</ref> On October 13, 2016, the Nobel committee announced that it would be awarding Dylan the prize "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition".<ref name=NYTNobel>{{Cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/14/arts/music/bob-dylan-nobel-prize-literature.html| title=Bob Dylan Wins Nobel Prize, Redefining Boundaries of Literature| author=Sisario, Ben| date=October 13, 2016| access-date=October 14, 2016| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> ''The New York Times'' reported: "Mr. Dylan, 75, is the first musician to win the award, and his selection was perhaps the most radical choice in a history stretching back to 1901."<ref name=NYTNobel/> Dylan remained silent for days after receiving the award,<ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/oct/22/bob-dylan-criticised-as-impolite-and-arrogant-by-nobel-academy-member| title=Bob Dylan criticised as 'impolite and arrogant' by Nobel academy member| newspaper=The Guardian| date=October 22, 2016| access-date=October 22, 2016| agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> and then told journalist [[Edna Gundersen]] that it was "amazing, incredible. Whoever dreams about something like that?"<ref name=Gundersen>{{Cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/the-filter/world-exclusive-bob-dylan---ill-be-at-the-nobel-prize-ceremony-i | title=World exclusive: Bob Dylan – I'll be at the Nobel Prize ceremony... if I can| author=Gundersen, Enda| date=October 28, 2016| access-date=October 29, 2016| work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Dylan's Nobel Lecture was posted on the Nobel Prize website on June 5, 2017.<ref>{{cite web| last1=Bob| first1=Dylan| title=Bob Dylan – Nobel Lecture| url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2016/dylan-lecture.html| website=Nobelprize.org}}</ref> [[Horace Engdahl]], a member of the Nobel Committee, described Dylan's place in literary history:{{Blockquote|a singer worthy of a place beside the Greek bards, beside [[Ovid]], beside the [[Romantic poetry|Romantic visionaries]], beside the kings and queens of [[the blues]], beside the forgotten masters of brilliant [[Standard (music)|standards]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Coscarelli|first=Joe|date=2016-12-10|title=Bob Dylan Sends Warm Words but Skips Nobel Prize Ceremonies|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/10/arts/bob-dylan-skips-nobel-prize-ceremonies.html|access-date=2023-02-12|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>}}

==Legacy==
Dylan has been described as one of the most influential figures of the 20th century, musically and culturally. He was included in the [[Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century|''Time'' 100: The Most Important People of the Century]], where he was called "master poet, caustic social critic and intrepid, guiding spirit of the counterculture generation".<ref name="Time100Dylan">{{cite news| url = http://www.shrout.co.uk/TIME%20Bob%20Dylan.html| title = The Time 100: Bob Dylan| author=Cocks, Jay| date = June 14, 1999| access-date=October 5, 2008| work=shrout.co.uk/TIME }}</ref> [[Paul Simon]] suggested that Dylan's early compositions virtually took over the folk genre: "[Dylan's] early songs were very rich&nbsp;... with strong melodies. 'Blowin' in the Wind' has a really strong melody. He so enlarged himself through the folk background that he incorporated it for a while. He defined the genre for a while."<ref>Fong-Torres, ''The Rolling Stone Interviews, Vol. 2'', p. 424. Reproduced online:{{cite web| url=http://www.bobdylanroots.com/simon.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421172331/http://www.bobdylanroots.com/simon.html| archive-date=April 21, 2008| title=''Rolling Stone'' interview (1972) | date=June 6, 1972| access-date=September 8, 2009| url-status=usurped| publisher=Bob Dylan Roots}}</ref>

For many critics, Dylan's greatest achievement was the cultural synthesis exemplified by his mid-1960s trilogy of albums—''Bringing It All Back Home'', ''Highway 61 Revisited'' and ''Blonde on Blonde''. In [[Mike Marqusee]]'s words:

{{blockquote|Between late 1964 and the middle of 1966, Dylan created a body of work that remains unique. Drawing on folk, blues, country, R&B, rock'n'roll, gospel, [[British beat]], [[Symbolism (movement)|symbolist]], [[Modernist poetry in English|modernist]] and [[Beat poetry|Beat]] poetry, [[surrealism]] and [[Dada]], advertising jargon and social commentary, [[Fellini]] and [[Mad magazine|''Mad'' magazine]], he forged a coherent and original artistic voice and vision. The beauty of these albums retains the power to shock and console.<ref name="Marqusee139">Marqusee, p. 139.</ref>}}

[[Michael Gray (author)|Michael Gray]] initiated serious critical scrutiny when he published ''Song & Dance Man: The Art of Bob Dylan'' in 1972, situating Dylan's work in the context of the English literary tradition, [[John Donne|Donne]], [[Robert Browning|Browning]] and [[T. S. Eliot]].<ref>Gray, 1972, ''Song & Dance Man'', pp. 55–104.</ref> Also in 1972,  [[Craig McGregor]] published ''Bob Dylan: A Retrospective'', an anthology containing critical essays about Dylan by [[Robert Shelton (critic)|Robert Shelton]], [[Nat Hentoff]], [[Ellen Willis]] and other contemporary cultural critics. In 1998, [[Stanford University]] sponsored the first international academic conference on Bob Dylan held in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 7, 2017|title=Dylan Conference|url=https://tinomarkworth.com/dylan-conference/|access-date=February 12, 2023|website=tinomarkworth.com|language=en}}</ref> In 2004, [[Richard F. Thomas]], [[Classics]] professor at [[Harvard University]], created a freshman seminar titled "Dylan", which aimed "to put the artist in context of not just popular culture of the last half-century, but the tradition of classical poets like [[Virgil]] and [[Homer]]."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/15/arts/music/bob-dylan-101-a-harvard-professor-has-the-coolest-class-on-campus.html| title=Bob Dylan 101: A Harvard Professor Has the Coolest Class on Campus| author=Schuessler, Jennifer| date=October 14, 2016 |access-date=February 13, 2024|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> Thomas went on to publish ''Why Bob Dylan Matters'', exploring Dylan's connections with [[Classical antiquity|Greco-Roman literature]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.npr.org/2017/11/21/563736161/a-classics-professor-explains-why-bob-dylan-matters| title= A Classics Professor Explains 'Why Bob Dylan Matters'| author=Heller, Jason| date=November 21, 2017 |access-date = February 13, 2024| website=npr.org}}</ref> 

Literary critic [[Christopher Ricks]] published ''[[Dylan's Visions of Sin]]'', an appreciation of Dylan's work.<ref>{{cite news| last=Lethem| first=Jonathan| title=Alfred Tennyson, A. E. Housman. Now This.| date=June 13, 2004| work=The New York Times| url=https://archive.nytimes.com/query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage-9C04E3D91030F930A25755C0A9629C8B63.html}}</ref>  Following Dylan's Nobel win, Ricks reflected: "I'd not have written a book about Dylan, to stand alongside my books on [[John Milton|Milton]] and [[John Keats|Keats]], [[Alfred, Lord Tennyson|Tennyson]] and T.S. Eliot, if I didn't think Dylan a genius of and with language."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/bob-dylan-s-nobel-prize-divides-irish-writers-and-literary-critics-1.2828753| title=Bob Dylan's Nobel Prize divides Irish writers and literary critics| author=Doyle, Martin| date=October 13, 2016| access-date=December 15, 2016| newspaper=The Irish Times}}</ref> The critical consensus that Dylan's songwriting was his outstanding creative achievement was articulated by ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'': "Hailed as the [[Shakespeare]] of his generation, Dylan&nbsp;... set the standard for lyric writing."<ref name =EncBr>{{cite encyclopedia| url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bob-Dylan-American-musician| title=Bob Dylan: American musician| author=Al Kooper| access-date=November 5, 2016| encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica| author-link=Al Kooper}}</ref> Former British [[poet laureate]] [[Andrew Motion]] said Dylan's lyrics should be studied in schools.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/poetry/article2503109.ece| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530105239/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/poetry/article2503109.ece| url-status=dead| archive-date=May 30, 2010| title=Andrew Motion explains why Bob Dylan's lyrics should be studied in schools| author=Motion, Andrew| date=September 22, 2007| access-date=October 10, 2008| work=The Times| location=London}}</ref> His lyrics have entered the vernacular; [[Edna Gundersen]] notes that<blockquote>Lines that branded Dylan a poet and counterculture valedictorian in the '60s are imprinted on the culture: "When you got nothing, you got nothing to lose"; "a hard rain's a-gonna fall"; "to live outside the law you must be honest." Some lyrics — "you don't need a weather man to know which way the wind blows" and "the times they are a-changin' " — appear in ''[[Bartlett's Familiar Quotations]]''.<ref name =Gund2001>{{cite news| title=Times change, but Dylan leaves a lasting imprint| last=Gundersen| first=Edna| work=[[USA Today]]| date=May 17, 2001| url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/2001-05-bob-dylan.htm}}</ref></blockquote>

''[[Rolling Stone]]'' ranked Dylan first on its 2015 list of the [[Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time|100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time]],<ref name="Rolling Stone 100 Greatest Songwriters">{{cite magazine|title=Bob Dylan&nbsp;– 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-songwriters#bob-dylan|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=November 1, 2016}}</ref> fifteenth on its 2023 list of the Greatest Singers of All Time,<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=January 1, 2023|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/bob-dylan-53-1234643193/|access-date=October 13, 2023|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US}}</ref> and placed "[[Like A Rolling Stone]]" first on their [[Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time|list of greatest songs]] in 2004 and 2011.<ref name="LARS"/> He was listed second on the magazine's [[Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time|list of the hundred greatest artists]].<ref>{{cite magazine| last=Robertson| first=Robbie| title=100 Greatest Artists: Bob Dylan| magazine=Rolling Stone| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-artists-147446/bob-dylan-10-31068/}}</ref> The ''Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll'' writes that "His lyrics—the first in rock to be seriously regarded as literature—became so well known that politicians from [[Jimmy Carter]] to [[Václav Havel]] have cited them as an influence."<ref name="R&REncylopedia">{{cite book| title=Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll| date=2001}}</ref>

Dylan's voice also received critical attention. [[Robert Shelton (critic)|Robert Shelton]] described his early vocal style as "a rusty voice suggesting Guthrie's old performances, etched in gravel like [[Dave Van Ronk]]'s".<ref>Shelton, pp. 108–111.</ref> His voice continued to develop as he began to work with rock'n'roll backing bands; [[Michael Gray (author)|Michael Gray]] described the sound of Dylan's vocal work on "[[Like a Rolling Stone]]" as "at once young and jeeringly cynical".<ref>Gray (2006), p. 413.</ref> As Dylan's voice aged during the 1980s, for some critics, it became more expressive. Christophe Lebold writes in the journal ''[[Oral Tradition (journal)|Oral Tradition]]'': <blockquote>Dylan's more recent broken voice enables him to present a world view at the sonic surface of the songs—this voice carries us across the landscape of a broken, fallen world. The anatomy of a broken world in "[[Everything is Broken]]" (on the album ''[[Oh Mercy]]'') is but an example of how the thematic concern with all things broken is grounded in a concrete sonic reality.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://journal.oraltradition.org/wp-content/uploads/files/articles/22i/Lebold.pdf| title=A Face like a Mask and a Voice that Croaks: An Integrated Poetics of Bob Dylan's Voice, Personae, and Lyrics| author=Lebold, Christophe| date=March 1, 2007| access-date=May 3, 2010| work=Oral Tradition }}</ref></blockquote>

Among musicians who have acknowledged his influence are [[John Lennon]],<ref>Lennon: "In Paris in 1964 was the first time I ever heard Dylan at all. Paul got the record (''The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan'') from a French DJ. For three weeks in Paris we didn't stop playing it. We all went potty about Dylan.": Beatles, (2000), ''The Beatles Anthology'', pp. 112–114.</ref> [[Paul McCartney]],<ref>McCartney: "I'm in awe of Bob&nbsp;... He hit a period where people went, 'Oh, I don't like him now.' And I said, 'No. It's Bob Dylan.' To me, it's like Picasso, where people discuss his various periods, 'This was better than this, was better than this.' But I go, 'No. It's Picasso. It's all good.' "{{cite news| url=https://www.avclub.com/paul-mccartney-1798211806| title=Paul McCartney interview| author=Siegel, Robert| date=June 27, 2007| access-date=August 25, 2015| work=A.V. Club| archive-date=August 25, 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825102000/http://music.avclub.com/paul-mccartney-1798211806| url-status=live}}</ref> [[Jerry Garcia]],<ref>{{cite book| last=Richardson| first=P.| title=No Simple Highway| publisher=St. Martin's Press| year=2015| isbn=978-1-250-01062-9| url=https://archive.org/details/nosimplehighwayc0000rich| url-access=registration| access-date=May 13, 2016| page=[https://archive.org/details/nosimplehighwayc0000rich/page/150 150]|quote=Dylan's influence on Garcia and Hunter was a given; both admired his songwriting and thought he gave rock music a modicum of respectability and authority. "He took [rock music] out of the realm of ignorant guys banging away on electrical instruments and put it somewhere else altogether," Garcia said later.}}</ref> [[Pete Townshend]],<ref>"They asked me what effect Bob Dylan had on me," Townshend said. "That's like asking how I was influenced by being born." Flanagan, (1990), ''Written In My Soul'', p. 88.</ref> [[Syd Barrett]],<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.pink-floyd.org/barrett/sydlyrics.html#misc| title=Bob Dylan Blues| author=Barrett, Syd| access-date=May 4, 2010| publisher=pink floyd.org}}</ref> [[Tim Buckley]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nodepression.com/jeff-buckleys-influences-and-inspirations/ |title=Jeff Buckley's Influences and Inspirations |last=Kukic |first=Adam |work=No Depression |date=November 15, 2014 |access-date=March 21, 2025}}</ref> [[Joni Mitchell]],<ref>Mitchell: "I can't really pick just one because I like so many, but the Dylan song that really grabbed me was 'Positively Fourth Street' and the reason for that was the subject matter seemed at the time so unique. What it said to me, not only is this a good song, but it means that we can now sing about any kind of emotion. I don't think there was a song before that that defined the kind of hurt expressed in that song. It widened the scope of possibilities for songwriters."{{cite news|last=Hilburn |first=Robert| date=May 19, 1991| access-date=August 18, 2011| work=Los Angeles Times| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-05-19-ca-3173-story.html| title=The Impact of Dylan's Music 'Widened the Scope of Possibilities'}}</ref> [[Neil Young]],<ref>"Bob Dylan, I'll never be Bob Dylan. He's the master. If I'd like to be anyone, it's him. And he's a great writer, true to his music and done what he feels is the right thing to do for years and years and years. He's great. He's the one I look to." ''Time'' interview with Neil Young, September 28, 2005. Reproduced online : {{cite magazine| url=http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1110988,00.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210222145/http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1110988,00.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=December 10, 2005| title=Resurrection of Neil Young| author=Tyrangiel, Josh| date=September 28, 2005| access-date=September 15, 2008| magazine=Time }}</ref> [[Bruce Springsteen]],<ref name="Springsteen"/> [[David Bowie]],<ref>Bowie: "Dylan taught my generation that it was OK to write pop songs about your worst nightmares." Bowie paid homage with "[[Song for Bob Dylan]]" on the album ''[[Hunky Dory (album)|Hunky Dory]]'', 1971.</ref><ref name =Gund2001/> [[Bryan Ferry]],<ref>In 2007, Ferry released an album of his versions of Dylan songs, ''[[Dylanesque]]''</ref> [[Patti Smith]],<ref>''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]'' interview with Patti Smith, May 16, 2007: "The people I revered in the late '60s and the early '70s, their motivation was to do great work and great work creates revolution. The motivation of Jimi Hendrix, Bob Dylan or The Who wasn't marketing, to get rich, or be a celebrity."{{cite web| url=https://timeout.com/london/music/patti-smith-interview| title=Patti Smith: interview| date=May 16, 2007| access-date=September 8, 2008| work=[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]| archive-date=May 15, 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515164232/http://www.timeout.com/london/music/patti-smith-interview| url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Joe Strummer]],<ref>"Dylan laid down the template for lyric, tune, seriousness, spirituality, depth of rock music".{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/talking_point/1349116.stm| title=Bob Dylan: His Legacy to Music| date=May 29, 2001| access-date=October 5, 2008|work=BBC News }}</ref> [[Bono]],<ref>Bono: His voice has been a bee buzzing around my ear since I can remember being conscious. It's an unusual voice, not always soothing, sometimes nagging, but it reminds us of the possibilities for music and its place in the world...U2 kind of came from outer space, where punk was ground zero and you didn't admit to having roots. Bob scolded me, "You're sitting on all this stuff. You should check it out." As we fall over ourselves toward the fast and furious future, Dylan feels like the brakes, reminding us of stuff we might have lost, like our dignity.</ref><ref name =Gund2001/> [[Nick Cave]],<ref>''Mojo'': What, if push comes to shove, is your all-time favourite album? Nick Cave: "I guess it's ''Slow Train Coming'' by Bob Dylan. That's a great record, full of mean-spirited spirituality. It's a genuinely nasty record, certainly the nastiest 'Christian' album I've ever come across." ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'', January 1997</ref> [[Leonard Cohen]],<ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7541930/leonard-cohen-new-album-corrects-ready-to-die-reports| title=Leonard Cohen Corrects Himself| last=Willman |first=Chris| date=October 14, 2016| access-date=November 13, 2016| magazine=Billboard}}</ref> [[Tom Waits]],<ref>Waits: "For a songwriter, Dylan is as essential as a hammer and nails and saw are to a carpenter." {{cite web| url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2005/mar/20/popandrock1| title=It's Perfect Madness| date=March 20, 2005| work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> [[Ole Paus]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paus |first1=Ole |last2=Bakke |first2=Asbjørn |title=For en mann |date=2024 |publisher=Kagge forlag |isbn=9788248928508}}</ref> and [[Chuck D]].<ref>Chuck D, in conversation with Edna Gundersen in ''[[USA Today]]'', said of Dylan, "He is stencilled on a lot of aspects of my career. His ability to paint pictures with words and his concerns for society. He taught me to go against the grain."</ref><ref name =Gund2001/>
Dylan significantly contributed to the initial success of both [[the Byrds]] and [[the Band]]: the Byrds achieved chart success with their version of "[[Mr. Tambourine Man#The Byrds' version|Mr. Tambourine Man]]" and the [[Mr. Tambourine Man (album)|subsequent album]], while the Band were Dylan's backing band [[Bob Dylan World Tour 1966|on his 1966 tour]], recorded ''The Basement Tapes'' with him in 1967<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bobdylan.com/albums/basement-tapes/| title=The Basement Tapes (1975)| author=Marcus, Greil| date=April 10, 2010| access-date=July 1, 2017| publisher = bobdylan.com}}</ref> and featured three previously unreleased Dylan songs on their [[Music From Big Pink|debut album]].<ref>Hoskyns, pp. 153–157.</ref> [[Johnny Cash]], introducing "Wanted Man", said "I don't have to tell you who Bob Dylan is—the greatest writer of our time."<ref>"Johnny Cash, from the intro to "Wanted Man", ''[[At San Quentin]]'', recorded February 24, 1969.</ref> 

Some critics have dissented from the view of Dylan as a visionary figure in popular music. In his book ''Awopbopaloobop Alopbamboom'', [[Nik Cohn]] objected: "I can't take the vision of Dylan as seer, as teenage messiah, as everything else he's been worshipped as. The way I see him, he's a minor talent with a major gift for self-hype".<ref>Cohn, pp. 164–165.</ref> Australian critic [[Jack Marx]] credited Dylan with changing the persona of the rock star: "What cannot be disputed is that Dylan invented the arrogant, faux-cerebral posturing that has been the dominant style in rock since, with everyone from [[Mick Jagger]] to [[Eminem]] educating themselves from the Dylan handbook".<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.theaustralian.com.au/arts/tangled-up-in-blah/story-e6frg8px-1111117308423 | title = Tangled Up In Blah | author=Marx, Jack | date = September 2, 2008 | access-date=October 5, 2008 | work=The Australian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523063537/https://www.theaustralian.com.au/arts/tangled-up-in-blah/story-e6frg8px-1111117308423|archive-date=May 23, 2013}}</ref>

Fellow musicians have also expressed critical views. Joni Mitchell described Dylan as a "plagiarist" and his voice as "fake" in a 2010 interview in the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-apr-22-la-et-jonimitchell-20100422-story.html| title = It's a Joni Mitchell concert, sans Joni| author=Diehl, Matt| date = April 22, 2010| access-date=May 24, 2021| work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Bethany|last=Larson| title=Folk Face-Off: Joni Mitchell vs. Bob Dylan | url=http://flavorwire.com/85781/folk-face-off-joni-mitchell-vs-bob-dylan|date=April 23, 2010|access-date=August 4, 2011|publisher=Flavorwire.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Joni Mitchell Library – The interviewer was an a**hole': Joni Mitchell clarifies her infamous 'plagiarist' charge against Bob Dylan: Something Else! (Website), June 29, 2013|url=https://jonimitchell.com/library/view.cfm?id=2632|access-date=April 23, 2021|website=jonimitchell.com}}</ref> Mitchell's comments led to discussions on Dylan's use of other people's material, both supporting and criticizing him.<ref>{{Cite news | url = http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/04/30/is-bob-dylan-a-phony.html | title = Is Bob Dylan a Phony?| author=Wilentz, Sean| author-link = Sean Wilentz | date = April 30, 2010| access-date=May 2, 2010| newspaper=The Daily Beast}}</ref> Talking to [[Mikal Gilmore]] in ''Rolling Stone'' in 2012, Dylan responded to the allegation of plagiarism, including his use of Henry Timrod's verse in his album ''Modern Times'',<ref name="nytTimrod"/> by saying that it was "part of the tradition".<ref>{{cite magazine| url = https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylan-unleashed-a-wild-ride-on-his-new-lp-and-striking-back-at-critics-20120927?page=7| title = Bob Dylan Unleashed| author = Gilmore, Mikal| date = September 27, 2012| access-date = January 11, 2013| magazine = Rolling Stone| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170902145251/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/bob-dylan-unleashed-a-wild-ride-on-his-new-lp-and-striking-back-at-critics-20120927?page=7| archive-date = September 2, 2017| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref group="a">Dylan told Gilmore: "As far as Henry Timrod is concerned, have you even heard of him? Who's been reading him lately? And who's pushed him to the forefront?&nbsp;... And if you think it's so easy to quote him and it can help your work, do it yourself and see how far you can get. Wussies and pussies complain about that stuff. It's an old thing—it's part of the tradition."</ref>

Dylan's music has inspired artists in other fields. [[Dave Gibbons]] recalls how he and [[Alan Moore]] were inspired by the lines of "[[Desolation Row]]" beginning "At midnight, all the agents/ And the superhuman crew...": <blockquote>It was a glimpse, a mere fragment of something; something ominous, paranoid and threatening. But something that showed that comics, like poetry or rock and roll or Bob Dylan himself, might feasibly become part of the greater cultural continuum. The lines must have also lodged in Alan's consciousness for, nearly twenty years later, Dylan's words eventually provided the title of the first issue of our comic book series ''[[Watchmen]].''<ref>{{cite book| last1=Gibbons| first1=Dave| last2=Moore| first2=Alan| chapter=Introduction| year=2013| orig-date=1986| title=[[Watchmen]]| publisher= DC Comics| isbn=9781401238964}}</ref></blockquote> 

In 2007, [[Todd Haynes]] released ''[[I'm Not There]]'', "inspired by the music and many lives of Bob Dylan".<ref name="Variety-07">{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/2007/film/reviews/i-m-not-there-3-1200556650/ |title=''I'm Not There'' |first=Todd |last=McCarthy |date=September 4, 2007 |access-date=September 10, 2009 |work=Variety |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820190547/http://variety.com/2007/film/reviews/i-m-not-there-3-1200556650/ |archive-date=August 20, 2013 }}</ref> The movie used six actors, [[Christian Bale]], [[Cate Blanchett]], [[Marcus Carl Franklin]], [[Richard Gere]], [[Heath Ledger]] and [[Ben Whishaw]], to explore different facets of Dylan's life.<ref name="Variety-07"/><ref>{{cite news | url=https://movies.nytimes.com/2007/11/21/movies/21ther.html| title=I'm Not There (2007)| author=A. O. Scott| date=November 7, 2007| access-date=September 10, 2009| work=The New York Times}}</ref> Dylan's previously unreleased 1967 song from which the film takes its name<ref>Greil Marcus wrote: "There is nothing like 'I'm Not There' in the rest of the basement recordings, or anywhere else in Bob Dylan's career ... Very quickly the listener is drawn into the sickly embrace of the music, its wash of half-heard, half-formed words and the increasing bitterness and despair behind them. Words are floated together in a dyslexia that is music itself&nbsp;– a dyslexia that seems to prove the claims of music over words, to see just how little words can achieve." See Marcus, p. 198.</ref> was included on the [[I'm Not There (soundtrack)|original soundtrack]] along with covers of Dylan songs by such diverse artists as [[Sonic Youth]], [[Calexico (band)|Calexico]] and [[Yo La Tengo]]. Irish playwright [[Conor McPherson]] wrote and directed the musical [[Girl from the North Country (musical)|''Girl from the North Country'']], which used Dylan's songs to tell the stories of characters during the [[Great Depression|Depression]] years, set in Dylan's birthplace, [[Duluth, Minnesota]]. The play premiered in London in 2017.<ref>{{cite news| last=Billinngton| first=Michael| title=Girl from the North Country review: Bob Dylan's songs are Depression-era dynamite| date= July 26, 2017| url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2017/jul/27/girl-from-the-north-country-review-bob-dylan-conor-mcpherson| work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| last=Brantley| first=Ben| title='Girl From the North Country' Review: Bob Dylan's Amazing Grace| work=[[The New York Times]]| date=March 6, 2020| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/05/theater/girl-from-the-north-country-review.html}}</ref>

If Dylan's work in the 1960s was seen as bringing intellectual ambition to popular music,<ref name="Marqusee139"/> critics in the 21st century described him as a figure who had greatly expanded the folk culture from which he initially emerged. In his review of ''I'm Not There'', [[J. Hoberman]] wrote:

{{blockquote|Elvis might never have been born, but someone else would surely have brought the world rock 'n' roll. No such logic accounts for Bob Dylan. No iron law of history demanded that a would-be Elvis from Hibbing, Minnesota, would swerve through the Greenwich Village folk revival to become the world's first and greatest rock 'n' roll beatnik bard and then—having achieved fame and adoration beyond reckoning—vanish into a folk tradition of his own making.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.villagevoice.com/2007-11-13/film/like-a-complete-unknown-i-m-not-there-and-the-changing-face-of-bob-dylan-on-film/| title = Like A Complete Unknown| author = Hoberman, J.| date = November 20, 2007| access-date = October 5, 2008| work = The Village Voice| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080921114532/http://www.villagevoice.com/2007-11-13/film/like-a-complete-unknown-i-m-not-there-and-the-changing-face-of-bob-dylan-on-film/| archive-date = September 21, 2008| df = mdy-all}}</ref>}}

Dylan's rise to stardom, from his arrival in New York in 1961 to his [[Electric Dylan controversy |controversial performance at Newport in 1965]], was portrayed by the feature film ''[[A Complete Unknown]]'', which opened in the U.S. on December 25, 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ntim |first=Zac |date=July 24, 2024 |title='A Complete Unknown' Trailer: Timothée Chalamet Is A Singing, Smoking Bob Dylan In First Look At James Mangold's Musical Biopic |url=https://deadline.com/video/a-complete-unknown-trailer-timothee-chalamet-bob-dylan-james-mangold-elle-fanning-biopic/ |website=Deadline |language=en-US |access-date=November 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240724140356/https://deadline.com/video/a-complete-unknown-trailer-timothee-chalamet-bob-dylan-james-mangold-elle-fanning-biopic/|archive-date=July 24, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.billboard.com/lists/top-grossing-music-biopics-movies/get-on-up-2014/| title = Bob Dylan Biopic 'A Complete Unknown' Already Ranks Among the All-Time Top-Grossing Music Biopics: Here's the Top 25| author = Grein, Paul| date = January 3, 2025| access-date = January 5, 2025| website = billboard.com}}</ref> The film garnered generally favorable reviews, with praise for actor [[Timothée Chalamet]] as Dylan.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.metacritic.com/movie/a-complete-unknown/critic-reviews/| title = A Complete Unknown, Critic Reviews| date = December 26, 2024| access-date = December 28, 2024| website = metacritic.com}}</ref>

== Archives and recognition ==
[[File:Bob Dylan Drive street sign in Hibbing, Minnesota.jpg|thumb|Bob Dylan Drive street sign in Hibbing, Minnesota]]

The sale of [[The Bob Dylan Archive|Dylan's archive]] of about 6,000 notebooks, drafts of lyrics, recordings, and correspondence to the [[George Kaiser|George Kaiser Family Foundation]] and the [[University of Tulsa]] was announced in March 2016. The sale price was "an estimated $15 million to $20 million".<ref name =SisarioNYT>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/06/arts/music/bob-dylans-secret-archive.html|title=Bob Dylan's Secret Archive| author=Sisario, Ben| date=March 2, 2016| work=The New York Times| access-date=March 30, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/inside-bob-dylans-historic-new-tulsa-archive-its-an-endless-ocean-20160303| title=Inside Bob Dylan's Historic New Tulsa Archive: 'It's an Endless Ocean'| author=Greene, Andy| date=March 3, 2016| access-date=March 4, 2016| magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> To house the archive, the [[Bob Dylan Center]] in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]] opened on May 10, 2022.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2022-05-11/bob-dylan-center-museum-tulsa| title=In Tulsa, the new Bob Dylan museum reconsiders the legacies of an icon and a city| author=Smith, RJ| date=May 11, 2022| access-date=May 15, 2022| newspaper=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.archpaper.com/2022/05/olson-kundig-transforms-tulsa-warehouse-into-museum-devoted-to-the-life-and-work-bob-dylan/|title=Simple Twist of Tulsa| author=Gunts, Edward| date=May 18, 2022| access-date=May 19, 2022|newspaper=The Architect's newspaper}}</ref>

In 2005, 7th Avenue East in Hibbing, Minnesota, where Dylan lived from ages 6 to 18, received the honorary name Bob Dylan Drive.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/bob-dylan-finally-honoured-by-his-home-town-493053.html| title = Bob Dylan finally honoured by his home town| author = Buncombe, Andrew| date = June 3, 2005| access-date=March 30, 2017| work = The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2016/12/09/bob-dylans-hometown-of-hibbing-struggles-with-how-to-honor-its-most-famous-son |title=Bob Dylan's hometown of Hibbing struggles with how to honor its most famous son|website=Mprnews.org |date=December 9, 2016 |access-date=March 30, 2017}}</ref> In 2006, the {{convert|1.8|mi}} Bob Dylan Way cultural path was inaugurated in Duluth, Minnesota; it links "cultural and historically significant areas of downtown for the tourists".<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.bobdylanway.com/path.php| title = Bob Dylan Way| date = June 1, 2006| access-date = March 30, 2017| publisher = bobdylanway.com| archive-date = March 30, 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170330180211/http://www.bobdylanway.com/path.php| url-status = dead}}</ref>

In 2015, a 160-foot-wide Dylan mural by Brazilian street artist [[Eduardo Kobra]] was unveiled in downtown Minneapolis.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.mprnews.org/story/2015/09/08/kobra-dylan-mural| title = Towering, kaleidoscopic Dylan mural is now complete| author = Kerr, Euan| date = September 8, 2015| access-date=March 30, 2017| publisher = mprnews.org}}</ref>

In December 2013, the [[Fender Stratocaster]] which Dylan had played at the [[Electric Dylan controversy|1965 Newport Folk Festival]] fetched $965,000, the second highest price paid for a guitar.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-25273104| title=Bob Dylan's Fender Stratocaster sells for nearly $1m| date=December 6, 2013| access-date=June 24, 2014| work=BBC News}}</ref> In June 2014, Dylan's hand-written lyrics of "Like a Rolling Stone" fetched $2&nbsp;million at auction, a record for a popular music manuscript.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-28009344| title=Dylan's Like a Rolling Stone lyrics fetch $2m record| date=June 24, 2014| access-date=June 24, 2014| work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/30/handwritten-manuscripts-for-dylans-like-a-rolling-stone-to-be-auctioned/?_php=true&_type=blogs|title=Dylan's Handwritten Lyrics to 'Like a Rolling Stone' to Be Auctioned|author=Kozinn, Allan|author-link=Allan Kozinn|date=April 30, 2014|access-date=June 24, 2014|work=The New York Times}}</ref>

==Visual arts==
===Painting===
Dylan's visual art was first seen by the public via a painting he contributed for the cover of [[the Band]]'s ''[[Music from Big Pink]]'' album in 1968.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sutherland|first1=Sam|title=The Band's Pioneering 'Music From Big Pink'|url=https://bestclassicbands.com/band-big-pink-review-5-21-188/|access-date=June 8, 2021|website=Best Classic Bands|date=July 5, 2020|language=en-GB}}</ref> The cover of Dylan's own 1970 album [[Self Portrait (Bob Dylan album)|''Self Portrait'']] features the painting of a human face by Dylan.<ref>Bell, 2012, ''Once Upon a Time: The Lives of Bob Dylan.'' p. 524.</ref> More of Dylan's artwork was revealed with the 1973 publication of his book ''[[Writings and Drawings]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Writings And Drawings by Bob Dylan|url=https://www.bobdylan-comewritersandcritics.com/pages/books/writings-drawings-proof-copy.htm|access-date=June 8, 2021|website=www.bobdylan-comewritersandcritics.com}}</ref> The cover of Dylan's 1974 album ''[[Planet Waves]]'' again featured one of his paintings. In 1994 [[Random House]] published ''Drawn Blank'', a book of Dylan's drawings.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Bob|last=Dylan|title=Drawn Blank |publisher= [[Random House]]|year=1994|isbn= 978-0-679-41788-0}}</ref> In 2007, the first public exhibition of Dylan's paintings, ''The Drawn Blank Series'', opened at the Kunstsammlungen in [[Chemnitz]], Germany;<ref name="EncyclopediaDrawn"/> it showcased more than 200 watercolors and [[gouache]]s made from the original drawings. The exhibition coincided with the publication of ''Bob Dylan: The Drawn Blank Series'', which includes 170 reproductions from the series.<ref name="EncyclopediaDrawn">{{cite web|last=Gray|first=Michael|title=Dylan's Drawn Blank Paintings Exhibition|url=http://bobdylanencyclopedia.blogspot.co.uk/2007/08/dylans-drawn-blank-paintings-exhibition.html|publisher=BobDylanEncyclopediablogspot.com|access-date=June 11, 2012}}</ref><ref name="NYTimesArtist">{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/01/books/review/Pessl-t.html | last = Pessl | first = Marsha | title = When I Paint My Masterpiece | work=[[The New York Times Book Review]] | date = June 1, 2008 | access-date=October 20, 2010}}</ref> From September 2010 until April 2011, the [[Statens Museum for Kunst|National Gallery of Denmark]] exhibited 40 large-scale acrylic paintings by Dylan, ''The Brazil Series''.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/bob-dylan-paintings-at-danish-national-gallery-2068935.html| title = Bob Dylan paintings at Danish National Gallery| author=Battersby, Matilda| date = September 2, 2010| access-date=September 9, 2010| work=The Independent| location=London}}</ref>

In July 2011, a leading contemporary art gallery, [[Gagosian Gallery]], announced their representation of Dylan's paintings.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/news/artnetnews/bob-dylan-gagosian-gallery.asp| title = Dylan at Gagosian Gallery| author = Corbett, Rachel| date = July 27, 2011| access-date=July 31, 2011| publisher = artnet.com}}</ref> An exhibition of Dylan's art, ''The Asia Series'', opened at the Gagosian Madison Avenue Gallery on September 20, displaying Dylan's paintings of scenes in China and the Far East.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gagosian.com/exhibitions/bob-dylan---september-20-2011| title = Bob Dylan: The Asia Series| date = September 10, 2011| access-date = December 12, 2012| publisher = gagosian.com| archive-date = September 15, 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170915035034/http://www.gagosian.com/exhibitions/bob-dylan---september-20-2011| url-status = dead}}</ref> ''The New York Times'' reported that "some fans and Dylanologists have raised questions about whether some of these paintings are based on the singer's own experiences and observations, or on photographs that are widely available and were not taken by Mr. Dylan". ''The Times'' pointed to close resemblances between Dylan's paintings and historic photos of Japan and China, and photos taken by [[Dmitri Kessel]] and [[Henri Cartier-Bresson]].<ref>{{cite news| url = http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/26/questions-raised-about-dylan-show-at-gagosian/| title = Questions Raised About Dylan Show at Gagosian| author = Itzkoff, Dave| date = September 26, 2011| access-date=September 27, 2011| work = The New York Times}}</ref> Art critic [[Blake Gopnik]] has defended Dylan's artistic practice, arguing: "Ever since the birth of photography, painters have used it as the basis for their works: [[Edgar Degas]] and [[Édouard Vuillard]] and other favorite artists—even [[Edvard Munch]]—all took or used photos as sources for their art, sometimes barely altering them".<ref>{{Cite news| url = https://www.thedailybeast.com/bob-dylan-accused-of-plagiarizing-famous-photos-in-his-new-art-show| title = Bob Dylan Accused of Plagiarizing Famous Photos in His New Art Show| author = Gopnik, Blake| date = September 28, 2011| access-date = April 13, 2018| publisher = thedailybeast.com| newspaper = The Daily Beast}}</ref> The [[Magnum Photos|Magnum photo agency]] confirmed that Dylan had licensed the reproduction rights of these photographs.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://blogs.artinfo.com/artintheair/2011/10/01/bob-dylan-paid-to-license-asia-series-photos-magnum-says/| title = Bob Dylan Paid to License ''Asia Series'' Photos, Magnum Says| date = October 1, 2011| access-date = October 4, 2011| work = Art+Auction| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111007073205/http://blogs.artinfo.com/artintheair/2011/10/01/bob-dylan-paid-to-license-asia-series-photos-magnum-says/| archive-date = October 7, 2011| df = mdy-all}}</ref>

Dylan's second show at the Gagosian Gallery, ''Revisionist Art'', opened in November 2012. The show consisted of thirty paintings, transforming and satirizing popular magazines, including ''[[Playboy]]'' and ''[[Babytalk (magazine)|Babytalk]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gagosian.com/exhibitions/bob-dylan--november-28-2012| title = Gagosian Gallery artists: Bob Dylan| date = November 20, 2012| access-date = December 12, 2012| publisher = gagosian.com| archive-date = March 15, 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180315182615/https://www.gagosian.com/exhibitions/bob-dylan--november-28-2012| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/14/arts/design/revisionist-art-thirty-works-by-bob-dylan.html| title = Revisionist Art: Thirty Works by Bob Dylan| author = Smith, Roberta| date = December 13, 2012| access-date=December 14, 2012| work = The New York Times}}</ref> In February 2013, Dylan exhibited the ''New Orleans Series'' of paintings at the [[Royal Palace of Milan|Palazzo Reale]] in Milan.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2013/02/06/bob-dylans-new-orleans-se_n_2629294.html| title = Bob Dylan's 'New Orleans Series' Goes On Display In Milan| author = Parker, Sam| date = February 6, 2013| access-date=February 9, 2013| work = HuffPost}}</ref> In August 2013, Britain's [[National Portrait Gallery, London]] hosted Dylan's first major UK exhibition, ''Face Value'', featuring twelve pastel portraits.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.theartsdesk.com/visual-arts/bob-dylan-face-value-national-portrait-gallery| title = Bob Dylan: Face Value, National Portrait Gallery| author = Güner, Fisun| date = August 24, 2013| access-date=August 26, 2013| publisher = TheArtsDesk.com}}</ref>

In November 2016, the Halcyon Gallery featured a collection of artworks by Dylan. The exhibition, ''The Beaten Path'', depicted American landscapes and urban scenes, inspired by Dylan's travels across the US.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://halcyongallery.cld.bz/Bob-Dylan-The-Beaten-Path/6#6| title = ''The Beaten Path''| author = Dylan, Bob| date = November 5, 2016| access-date=December 2, 2016| publisher = Halcyon Gallery}}</ref> The show was reviewed by ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'' and ''[[Asia Times Online]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asiatimes.com/bob-dylans-visual-art-important-ode-america/|title=Bob Dylan's visual art is an important ode to America|last=Wilentz|first=Sean|date=November 5, 2016|website=Asia Times Online|access-date=November 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://asiatimes.com/article/bob-dylan-headed-back-china-canvas/|title=Bob Dylan is headed back to China – on canvas|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=November 5, 2016|website=Asia Times Online|access-date=November 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://vanityfair.com/culture/2016/11/why-bob-dylan-paints|title=In His Own Words: Why Bob Dylan Paints|last=Dylan|first=Bob|date=November 2, 2016|magazine=Vanity Fair|access-date=November 16, 2016}}</ref> In October 2018, the Halcyon Gallery mounted an exhibition of Dylan's drawings, ''Mondo Scripto''. The works consisted of Dylan hand-written lyrics of his songs, with each song illustrated by a drawing.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.halcyongallery.com/exhibitions/14-mondo-scripto-bob-dylan/| title = Bob Dylan, Mondo Scripto, 09 Oct 2018 – 23 Dec 2018| date = September 10, 2018| access-date = December 1, 2021| publisher = halcyongallery.com}}</ref>

''Retrospectrum'', the largest retrospective of Dylan's visual art to date, consisting of over 250 works in various media, debuted at the Modern Art Museum in Shanghai in 2019.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bob Dylan's 'Retrospectrum' debuts at the Modern Art Museum, Shanghai|url=https://www.halcyongallery.com/news/10-bob-dylan-s-retrospectrum-debuts-at-the-modern-art/|access-date=June 8, 2021|website=Halcyon Gallery|language=en}}</ref> Building on the exhibition in China, a version of ''Retrospectrum'', which includes a new series of paintings, "Deep Focus", drawn from film imagery,<ref>{{cite web|title=Dylan Transfigured: Deep Focus |url=https://artreview.com/dylan-transfigured-deep-focus/| author = Richard F. Thomas| authorlink= Richard F. Thomas| date = December 21, 2021| access-date = December 24, 2021|website=artreview.com|language=en}}</ref> opened at the [[Frost Art Museum]] in Miami on November 30, 2021, <ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/bob-dylan-artwork-show-opens-in-miami-new-cinema-paintings/2021/11/27/f7f2e35a-4f94-11ec-a7b8-9ed28bf23929_story.html| title = Bob Dylan artwork show opens in Miami, new cinema paintings| author = Licon, Adriana| date = November 27, 2021| access-date = December 1, 2021| newspaper = The Washington Post}}</ref> while from December 16, 2022, to April 30, 2023, the [[MAXXI|MAXXI Museum]] in [[Rome]] hosted the retrospective which was the first European monographic exhibition dedicated to Dylan’s visual art.<ref>[https://www.finestresullarte.info/en/exhibitions/rome-maxxi-dedicates-an-exhibition-to-bob-dylan-who-is-also-a-painter-and-sculptor Rome, MAXXI dedicates an exhibition to Bob Dylan (who is also a painter and sculptor)], ''Finestresullarte.info'', November 7, 2022.</ref>

Also in 2022, ''Drawn Blank in Provence'', his first painting exhibition in France, opened at ''Château Lacoste'',<ref>[https://chateau-la-coste.com/en Vineyard, Art Center and Restaurants], Château Lacoste official site.</ref> a contemporary art center in [[Provence]] that combines a vineyard, a luxury hotel, several restaurants, and an open-air sculpture park, offering an experience where art, architecture, gastronomy, and nature come together.<ref>[https://www.beauxarts.com/produit/chateau-la-coste-2/ Château Lacoste], ''Beauxarts.com'', 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.actes-sud.fr/chateau-la-coste-0 Château Lacoste], ''Actes-Sud.fr''.</ref> The exhibition took place alongside his first permanent sculpture installation in 
the country, titled ''Rail Car''.<ref name=hal/>

Since 1994, Dylan has published [[Bob Dylan bibliography#Art books by Bob Dylan|ten books of paintings and drawings]].<ref>''Drawn Blank'', Random House (November 15, 1994); ''Bob Dylan: The Drawn Blank Series'', Prestel (March 31, 2008); ''Bob Dylan: The Brazil Series'', Prestel (October 25, 2010); ''Bob Dylan: The Asia Series'', Gagosian Gallery (October 12, 2011); ''Revisionist Art: Thirty Works by Bob Dylan'', Harry N. Abrams (March 26, 2013); ''Bob Dylan: Face Value'', National Portrait Gallery (February 28, 2014); ''The Beaten Path'', Halcyon Gallery (November 5, 2016); ''Mondo Scripto'', Halcyon Gallery, (October 1, 2018); ''Bob Dylan: Retrospectrum'', Skira Editore, (March 1, 2023); ''Point Blank (Quick Studies)'' (May 9, 2025), Halcyon Galleru</ref> In November 2022, Dylan apologized for using an [[autopen]] to sign books and artwork which were subsequently sold as "hand-signed" since 2019.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.facebook.com/bobdylan/posts/697295788427537 | title = To my fans and followers| author = Dylan, Bob| date = November 26, 2022| access-date = November 29, 2022| website = Facebook}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=November 28, 2022 |title=Bob Dylan apologises for machine-printed 'signatures' |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-63779904 |access-date=November 28, 2022}}</ref>

===Sculpture===
Bob Dylan has also been active as a sculptor, specialising in work with iron.<ref name=white/> For thirty years, he crafted metal sculptures for family and friends before showcasing his work publicly in November 2013 with ''Mood Swings'', an exhibition of seven [[wrought iron]] gates at London’s [[Halcyon Gallery]]. In a statement released by the gallery, Dylan said :

<blockquote>I've been around iron all my life ever since I was a kid. I was born and raised in iron ore country, where you could breathe it and smell it every day. Gates appeal to me because of the negative space they allow. They can be closed but at the same time they allow the seasons and breezes to enter and flow. They can shut you out or shut you in. And in some ways there is no difference.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.artlyst.com/articles/the-legendary-bob-dylan-unveils-seven-iron-gates-sculpture| title = The Legendary Bob Dylan Unveils Seven Iron Gates Sculpture| date = September 24, 2013| access-date=November 16, 2013 | publisher = artlyst.com}}</ref></blockquote>

Dylan collects metal objects, including farm tools, antique firearms, gears, chains, and axes, and welds them together to create sculptural pieces. One of his most prominent installations in the United States is ''Portal'',  a monumental iron archway permanently displayed at the entrance of the [[MGM National Harbor]] resort in [[Maryland]].<ref name=white>[https://whitehotmagazine.com/articles/bob-dylan-s-metal-work/4993 Cold Iron Bound: Bob Dylan’s Metal Work], ''Whitehotmagazine.com'', May 2021.</ref> Created in 2016, this sculpture was welded by Dylan and comprises repurposed metal objects including tools and machine parts, reflecting a fascination with Americana and industrial materials.<ref name=forbes>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidalm/2016/09/07/bob-dylan-unveils-enormous-metal-sculpture-to-adorn-entrance-to-a-1-3-billion-resort-casino/ Bob Dylan Unveils Enormous Metal Sculpture To Adorn Entrance To A $1.3 Billion Resort Casino], ''[[ Forbes ]]'', September 7, 2016.</ref>

In 2022, his first permanent sculpture installation in France, titled ''Rail Car'', was inaugurated at Château Lacoste in Provence. This immersive work, made up of a wrought-iron freight car set on rails, evokes both industrial history and Dylan’s personal history. It is displayed alongside works by leading contemporary artists and architects such as [[Ai Weiwei]], [[Louise Bourgeois]], [[Tracy Emin]] and [[Tadao Ando]] and was accompanied for a while by an exhibition of 24 paintings by Dylan, ''Drawn blank in Provence'' (his first painting exhibition in France), shedding light on previously unseen aspects of his artistic practice.<ref name=hal>[https://www.halcyongallery.com/news/60-bob-dylan-rail-car-at-chateau-la-coste Bob Dylan: Rail Car at Château Lacoste], ''Halcyongallery.com'', May  9, 2022.</ref>

==Written works==
{{Main|Bob Dylan bibliography}}
Dylan has published [[Tarantula (poetry collection)|''Tarantula'']], a work of [[prose poetry]]; ''[[Chronicles: Volume One]]'', the first part of his memoirs; several books of the lyrics of his songs, and ten books of his art. Dylan's third full length book, ''[[The Philosophy of Modern Song]]'', which contains 66 essays on songs by other artists, was published on November 1, 2022. Dylan has also been the subject of numerous biographies and critical studies.

==Discography==
{{Main|Bob Dylan discography|List of songs written by Bob Dylan}}
{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
* ''[[Bob Dylan (album)|Bob Dylan]]'' (1962)
* ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'' (1963)
* ''[[The Times They Are a-Changin' (Bob Dylan album)|The Times They Are a-Changin']]'' (1964)
* ''[[Another Side of Bob Dylan]]'' (1964)
* ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]'' (1965)
* ''[[Highway 61 Revisited]]'' (1965)
* ''[[Blonde on Blonde]]'' (1966)
* ''[[John Wesley Harding]]'' (1967)
* ''[[Nashville Skyline]]'' (1969)
* ''[[Self Portrait (Bob Dylan album)|Self Portrait]]'' (1970)
* ''[[New Morning]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid (album)|Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Dylan (1973 album)|Dylan]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Planet Waves]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Blood on the Tracks]]'' (1975)
* ''[[The Basement Tapes]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Desire (Bob Dylan album)|Desire]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Street-Legal (album)|Street-Legal]]'' (1978)
* ''[[Slow Train Coming]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Saved (Bob Dylan album)|Saved]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Shot of Love]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Infidels (Bob Dylan album)|Infidels]]'' (1983)
* ''[[Empire Burlesque]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Knocked Out Loaded]]'' (1986)
* ''[[Down in the Groove]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Oh Mercy]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Under the Red Sky]]'' (1990)
* ''[[Good as I Been to You]]'' (1992)
* ''[[World Gone Wrong]]'' (1993)
* ''[[Time Out of Mind (Bob Dylan album)|Time Out of Mind]]'' (1997)
* ''[[Love and Theft (Bob Dylan album)|"Love and Theft"]]'' (2001)
* ''[[Modern Times (Bob Dylan album)|Modern Times]]'' (2006)
* ''[[Together Through Life]]'' (2009)
* ''[[Christmas in the Heart]]'' (2009)
* ''[[Tempest (Bob Dylan album)|Tempest]]'' (2012)
* ''[[Shadows in the Night]]'' (2015)
* ''[[Fallen Angels (Bob Dylan album)|Fallen Angels]]'' (2016)
* ''[[Triplicate (Bob Dylan album)|Triplicate]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Rough and Rowdy Ways]]'' (2020)
* ''[[Shadow Kingdom]]'' (2023)
{{div col end}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=a|colwidth=30em}}

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=Derek |editor-last=Barker |title=Bob Dylan Anthology, Volume 3 |publisher=Red Planet Publishing |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-912733-94-1}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=John |editor-last=Bauldie |title=Wanted Man: In Search of Bob Dylan |publisher=Penguin Books |year=1992 |isbn=978-0-14-015361-3}}
* {{Cite book |first=The |last=Beatles |title=The Beatles Anthology |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-304-35605-8}}
* {{Cite book |first=Ian |last=Bell |title=Once Upon a Time: The Lives of Bob Dylan |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-78057-573-5}}
* {{Cite book |first=Ian |last=Bell |title=Time Out of Mind: The Lives of Bob Dylan |publisher=Mainstream Publishing |year=2013 |isbn=9781780575773}}
* {{Cite book |first=Nik |last=Cohn |title=Awopbopaloobop Alopbamboom |publisher=Paladin |year=1970 |isbn=978-0-586-08014-6}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=Jonathan |editor-last=Cott |title=Dylan on Dylan: The Essential Interviews |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-340-92312-2}}
* {{Cite book |first=Bob |last=Dylan |title=Chronicles: Volume One |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7432-2815-2 |title-link=Chronicles: Volume One}}
* {{Cite book |first=Sue |last=Fishkoff |title=The Rebbe's Army: Inside the World of Chabad-Lubavitch |publisher=Schocken Books |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-8052-1138-2}}
* {{Cite book |first=Bill |last=Flanagan |title=Written In My Soul |publisher=Omnibus Press |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-7119-2224-2}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=Ben |editor-last=Fong-Torres |title=The Rolling Stone Interviews |volume=2 |publisher=Warner Paperback Library |year=1973}}
* {{Cite book |first=Andy |last=Gill |title=Classic Bob Dylan: My Back Pages |publisher=Carlton |year=1999 |isbn=978-1-85868-599-1}}
* {{cite book |first1=Andy |last1=Gill |first2=Kevin |last2=Odegard |title=A Simple Twist Of Fate: Bob Dylan and the Making of Blood on the Tracks |url=https://archive.org/details/simpletwistoffat00gill |url-access=registration |publisher=Da Capo Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-306-81413-6}}
* {{Gilliland |show=31 |title=Ballad in Plain D: An introduction to the Bob Dylan era}}
* {{Cite book |first=Michael |last=Gray |author-link=Michael Gray (author) |title=Song & Dance Man: The Art of Bob Dylan |publisher= Hart-Davis, MacGibbon |year=1972 |isbn=0-246-10603-4}}
* {{Cite book |first=Michael |last=Gray|title=Song & Dance Man III: The Art of Bob Dylan |publisher=Continuum International |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-8264-5150-7}}
* {{Cite book |first=Michael |last=Gray |title=The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia |publisher=Continuum International |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8264-6933-5 |title-link=The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia}}
* {{Cite book |first=David |last=Hajdu |author-link=David Hajdu |title=Positively 4th Street: The Lives and Times of Joan Baez, Bob Dylan, Mimi Baez Farina, and Richard Farina |publisher=Farrar Straus Giroux |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-374-28199-1}}
* {{Cite book |first=Todd |last=Harvey |title=The Formative Dylan: Transmission & Stylistic Influences, 1961–1963 |publisher=The Scarecrow Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-8108-4115-4}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=Benjamin |editor-last=Hedin |title=Studio A: The Bob Dylan Reader |publisher=W.W. Norton & Co. |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-393-32742-7}}
* {{Cite book |title=This Wheel's on Fire: Levon Helm and the Story of the Band |last=Helm |first=Levon |author-link=Levon Helm |others=Stephen Davis |year=2000 |publisher=a capella |isbn=978-1-55652-405-9}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |author-link=Clinton Heylin |title=Saved!: The Gospel Speeches of Bob Dylan |publisher=Hanuman Books |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-937815-38-0}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title=Bob Dylan: A Life In Stolen Moments |publisher=Book Sales |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-7119-5669-8}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title=Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: Take Two |publisher=Viking |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-670-88506-0}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title=Revolution In The Air: The Songs of Bob Dylan, Volume One: 1957–73 |publisher=Constable |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-84901-051-1}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title=Still On The Road: The Songs of Bob Dylan, Volume Two: 1974–2008 |publisher=Constable |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84901-011-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutioninairs0000heyl}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title=Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: 20th Anniversary Edition |publisher=Faber and Faber |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-571-27240-2}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title=The Double Life of Bob Dylan: Volume I: 1941–1966 A Restless, Hungry Feeling |publisher=Bodley Head |year=2021 |isbn=978-1847925886}}
* {{Cite book |first=Clinton |last=Heylin |title= The Double Life of Bob Dylan: Volume 2: 1966–2021 Far Away From Myself |publisher=Bodley Head |year=2023 |isbn=978-1529923797}}
* {{Cite book |first=Barney |last=Hoskyns |author-link=Barney Hoskyns |title=Across The Great Divide: The Band and America |publisher=Viking |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-670-84144-8}}
*{{Cite book |first=Philip|last=Larkin|author-link=Philip Larkin |title=All What Jazz: A Record Diary |publisher=Faber & Faber|year=1985 |isbn=0-571-13476-9}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=Sean |editor-last=Latham |title=The World of Bob Dylan |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-108-49951-4}}
* {{Cite book |first=C. P. |last=Lee |author-link=CP Lee |title=Like a Bullet of Light: The Films of Bob Dylan |publisher=Helter Skelter |year=2000 |isbn=978-1-900924-06-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/likebulletofligh00cple}}
* {{Cite book |first=Greil |last=Marcus |author-link=Greil Marcus |title=The Old, Weird America: The World of Bob Dylan's Basement Tapes |publisher=Picador |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-312-42043-7 |title-link=Invisible Republic (book)}}
* {{Cite book |first=Greil |last=Marcus |author-link=Greil Marcus |title=Like a Rolling Stone: Bob Dylan at the Crossroads |publisher=Faber and Faber |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-571-22385-5}}
* {{Cite book |first=Mike |last=Marqusee |title=Wicked Messenger: Bob Dylan and the 1960s |publisher=Seven Stories Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-58322-686-5}}
* {{Cite book |first=Scott |last=Marshall |title=Restless Pilgrim: The Spiritual Journey of Bob Dylan |publisher=Relevant Books |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-9714576-2-1}}
* {{Cite book | editor-first=Craig | editor-last=McGregor |author-link=Craig McGregor |title=Bob Dylan: A Retrospective  |publisher= Morrow Paperback Editions |year=1972 |isbn=978-0-6880-6025-1}}
* {{citation |editor-first=Jim |editor-last=Miller |title=The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll |publisher=Picador |year=1981 |isbn=978-0-330-26568-3 |ref=none}}
* {{Cite book |first=Andrew |last=Muir |title=Razor's Edge: Bob Dylan & the Never Ending Tour |publisher=Helter Skelter |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-900924-13-9}}
* {{Cite book |first=Mark |last=Polizzotti |title=Highway 61 Revisited |publisher=Continuum |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8264-1775-6}}
* {{Cite book |first=Christopher |last=Ricks |title=Dylan's Visions of Sin |publisher=Penguin/Viking |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-670-80133-6}}
* {{Cite book |first=Robbie |last=Robertson |author-link=Robbie Robertson |title=Testimony |publisher=William Heinemann |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-78515-106-4}}
* {{Cite book |first=Anthony |last=Scaduto |title=Bob Dylan |publisher=Helter Skelter |year=2001 |orig-year=1972 |isbn=978-1-900924-23-8}}
* {{Cite book |editor-first=Michael |editor-last=Schumacher |title=First Thought: Conversations with Allen Ginsberg |publisher=University of Minnesota Press |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-8166-9917-9}}
* {{Cite book |first=Robert |last=Shelton |title=No Direction Home |publisher=New English Library |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-450-04843-2}}
* {{Cite book |first=Robert |last=Shelton |title=No Direction Home: The Life and Music of Bob Dylan, Revised and updated edition |publisher=Omnibus Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84938-911-2}}
* {{Cite book |first=Sam |last=Shepard |title=Rolling Thunder Logbook |publisher=Da Capo |year=2004 |edition=reissue |isbn=978-0-306-81371-9}}
* {{Cite book |first=Howard |last=Sounes |title=Down The Highway: The Life Of Bob Dylan |publisher=Grove Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-8021-1686-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/downhighwaylifeo0000soun}}
* {{Cite book |first=Richard |last=Williams |title=Dylan: A Man Called Alias |publisher=Bloomsbury |year=1992 |isbn=978-0-7475-1084-0}}
* {{Cite book |first=Nigel |last=Williamson |title=The Rough Guide to Bob Dylan |publisher=Rough Guides |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-84353-139-5}}
{{div col end}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|d=Q392|c=Category:Bob Dylan|q=Bob Dylan|n=Category:Bob Dylan|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|species=no}}
{{Spoken Wikipedia|Bobdylanpart1.ogg|date=November 6, 2008}}
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.expectingrain.com/ Expecting Rain]&nbsp;– Dylan news and events, updated daily
* [http://www.boblinks.com/dates.html BobLinks]&nbsp;– Comprehensive log of concerts and set lists
* [http://www.bjorner.com/still.htm Bjorner's Still on the Road] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120909040042/http://www.bjorner.com/still.htm |date=September 9, 2012 }}&nbsp;– Information on recording sessions and performances
* {{IMDb name|1168|Bob Dylan}}
* {{Nobelprize}}
{{Bob Dylan|state=expanded}}
{{Bob Dylan singles}}
{{Navboxes
|title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Bob Dylan|Awards for Bob Dylan]]
|list =
{{AcademyAwardBestOriginalSong 1991–2000}}
{{Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song}}
{{Grammy Award for Album of the Year}}
{{Grammy Award for Best Music Film}}
{{Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s}}
{{MusiCares Person of the Year}}
{{National Medal of Arts recipients 2000s}}
{{Prince of Asturias Award for the Arts}}
{{2016 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{Nobel Prize in Literature}}
{{Polar Music Prize}}
{{PulitzerPrize SpecialCitations Arts}}
{{1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
{{Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century}}
}}
{{The Band}}
{{Wilburys}}
{{Theme Time Radio Hour}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dylan, Bob}}
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