View source for Berlin-class replenishment ship

{{Short description|German class of replenishment ships}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = BERLIN 2268.jpg
| Ship caption = ''Berlin''
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = 
| Builders = *[[Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft]]
*[[Peene-Werft]]
*[[Seaspan Marine Corporation]]
| Operators = *{{navy|Germany}}
*{{navy|Canada}} <small>(future)</small>
| Class before = *{{Sclass|Protecteur|replenishment oiler|4}} (Canada)
*{{Sclass|Elbe|replenishment ship|4}} (Germany)
| Class after = 
| Subclasses = 
| Cost = 
| Built range = 
| In service range = 
| In commission range = 2001–present
| Total ships building = 2 (RCN)
| Total ships planned = 6
| Total ships completed =
| Total ships cancelled = 1
| Total ships active = 3
| Total ships laid up = 
| Total ships lost = 
| Total ships retired = 
| Total ships preserved = 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header = 
| Header caption = 
| Ship type = [[Replenishment oiler]]
| Ship displacement = {{cvt|20,240|t|LT|lk=on}}
| Ship length = {{convert|173.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|24|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship height = 
| Ship draught = {{convert|7.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship depth = 
| Ship hold depth = 
| Ship propulsion = *2 × [[MAN Diesel]] 12V 32/40 [[diesel-engine]]s, {{convert|14154|bhp|order=flip|lk=on}}
*2 × reduction gears, 2 × controllable pitch five-bladed propellers
*1 × [[bow thruster]]
*4 × diesel generators
| Ship speed = {{convert|20|kn|lk=in}}
| Ship range = 
| Ship endurance = 45 days
| Ship boats = 
| Ship capacity = 
| Ship complement = 
| Ship sensors = 
| Ship EW = 
| Ship armament = *4 × [[Mauser BK-27|MLG 27 mm]] [[autocannon]]s
*[[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger]] [[surface-to-air missile]] ([[MANPADS]])
| Ship armor = 
| Ship aircraft = 2 × [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] or [[NHI NH90|NH90]] helicopters
| Ship aircraft facilities = [[Hangar]] and [[flight deck]]
| Ship notes = 
}}
|}

The '''Type 702 ''Berlin''-class replenishment ship''' is a series of [[replenishment ship]]s, originally designed and built for service in the [[German Navy]] (''Deutsche Marine''). Designed to support [[United Nations]] overseas missions, the ''Berlin'' class were initially to number four vessels. However, three hulls were cut from the initial order. The [[lead ship]], {{ship|German auxiliary|Berlin||2}}, began construction in 1999 and entered service in 2001. The second hull, {{ship|German auxiliary|Frankfurt am Main||2}}, was re-ordered in 1998, began construction in 2000 and entered service in 2002. The third hull, {{ship|German auxiliary|Bonn||2}}, was ordered in 2008 to a modified design, began construction in 2010 and entered service in 2013. All three ships are in service and are based at [[Wilhelmshaven]].

The ''Berlin''-class design was selected as the basis for the [[Royal Canadian Navy]]'s (RCN) replacement for the two former {{sclass|Protecteur|replenishment oiler|0}} auxiliary oiler replenishment (AOR) vessels which were retired in 2014. Two ''Berlin''-class variants, described as [[Protecteur-class auxiliary vessel|Joint Support Ships]], were ordered by the RCN to be built in Canada. As of 2023, both vessels are under construction.

==General characteristics==
[[File:MLG auf EGV.JPG|thumb|left|[[MLG 27]] on board ''Berlin'']]
The ''Berlin''-class replenishment ships are the largest vessels of the [[German Navy]].<ref name=technology>{{cite web |url=http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/berlin-class-fleet-auxiliary-vessels/ |title=Berlin Class Fleet Auxiliary Vessels, Germany |work=naval-technology.com |access-date=2 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520004059/http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/berlin-class-fleet-auxiliary-vessels/ |archive-date=20 May 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> The ''Berlin''-class replenishment ships are {{convert|173.7|m|ftin}} [[Length overall|long overall]] and {{cvt|162|m|ftin}} [[Length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]] with a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{cvt|24|m|ftin}} and a [[Draft (hull)|draught]] of {{cvt|7.4|m|ftin}}. The vessels have a [[Displacement (ship)|displacement]] of {{convert|10115|t|LT|lk=on}} light and {{cvt|20243|t|LT}} at full load and measure {{GT|18640|disp=long}}. Constructed with a [[double hull]], they have a pronounced [[Bow (ship)|bow]] bulb.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} The ships have capacity for {{cvt|9000|m3}}{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} or {{cvt|7600|t}}{{sfn|Lürssen}} of [[marine diesel fuel]], {{cvt|600|m3}}{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} or {{cvt|490|t}}{{sfn|Lürssen}} of [[aviation fuel]], {{cvt|60|m3}}{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} or {{cvt|126|t}}{{sfn|Lürssen}} of lube oil, {{cvt|100|t}} of spare parts, {{cvt|230|t}} of provisions and {{cvt|195|t}} of ammunition,{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} or {{cvt|71|t}} of fresh water, {{cvt|100|t}} consumables, {{cvt|1075|t}} of supplies and 230 t of provisions.{{sfn|Lürssen}} The vessels have two [[replenishment at sea]] stations, one to each per side of the ship and two electro-hydraulic container and cargo cranes. The ''Berlin'' class have capacity for 86 [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEUs]] of [[shipping container]]s and can stack 26 TEUs in two layers on the upper deck. The ships have provision for a ''Marineeinsatzrettungzentrum'' (MERZ) unit which is a modular operations rescue centre aboard the ship. The MERZ is capable of holding 50 patients and providing them with emergency surgery, intensive care, internal medicine and dental services.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=293}}

The first two vessels of the class, {{ship|German auxiliary|Berlin||2}} and {{ship|German auxiliary|Frankfurt am Main||2}} are powered by two [[MAN Diesel]] 12V 32/40 [[diesel engine]]s, creating {{convert|14154|bhp|order=flip|lk=on}} with two reduction gears turning two controllable pitch five-bladed propellers and powering one [[bow thruster]].{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} {{ship|German auxiliary|Bonn||2}} creates {{cvt|14400|kW}}.{{sfn|Lürssen}} They have four [[Deutz AG|Deutz]]-MWM diesel generators. The three ships have a maximum speed of {{convert|20|kn|lk=in}} and have an endurance of 45 days.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}  The ''Berlin''-class ships have a [[helipad]] aft and a [[hangar]] and can support two helicopters, either the [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] or [[NHI NH90|NH90]] models which can be used for [[vertical replenishment]].{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}{{sfn|Sharpe|1996|p=253}} The vessels are equipped with [[radar]] and [[Naval mine|mine]] avoidance [[sonar]] and one of the radars is situated aft for use during helicopter takeoff and landing.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}

The ''Berlin'' class are armed with four [[Mauser BK-27|MLG {{cvt|27|mm}}]] [[autocannon]] for [[Anti-air warfare|anti-aircraft]] defence and four {{cvt|12.7|mm}} machine guns. The MLG 27 replaced older [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70|Bofors {{cvt|40|mm}}/70 guns]]. The vessels are also [[fitted for but not with]] [[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger]] [[surface-to-air missile]] ([[MANPADS]]) for point defence.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} The vessels have a complement of 159 plus 74 embarked.{{sfn|Lürssen}}{{efn|The number of crew varies between sources, ranging from 139 plus 94 embarked{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=293}} to 233.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}}}

==List of ships==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
|+''Berlin'' class construction data{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}<ref name=bonn>{{cite web | url= http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/!ut/p/c4/NU0xDsIwEPvRpWWBslEYQGwsULa0vSYn0kt1SYqEeDzJgC15sC1bPVUm65WMjuRZO_VQ3UD7_g2zFkjYoyQOgMQWKSKDJTeFSVv5YDIIK0rwYlAAzQq57YhfToeA0Hvm4tBgI6p7eRoRBs8Yi-axSFmN6OgFFi_RlSSJ5ARoVF1Vn9pqW_1Rf5v2fLw2u2ZzurQ3tczz4QcQx35Y/ | title= Einsatzgruppenversorger "Bonn" in der Flotte angekommen | access-date= 13 September 2013 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131001091422/http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/!ut/p/c4/NU0xDsIwEPvRpWWBslEYQGwsULa0vSYn0kt1SYqEeDzJgC15sC1bPVUm65WMjuRZO_VQ3UD7_g2zFkjYoyQOgMQWKSKDJTeFSVv5YDIIK0rwYlAAzQq57YhfToeA0Hvm4tBgI6p7eRoRBs8Yi-axSFmN6OgFFi_RlSSJ5ARoVF1Vn9pqW_1Rf5v2fLw2u2ZzurQ3tczz4QcQx35Y/ | archive-date= 1 October 2013 | url-status= live}}</ref> 
|-
!Image
![[Pennant number]]
!Name
![[Keel laying|Laid down]]
![[Ceremonial ship launching|Launched]]
![[Ship commissioning|Commissioned]]
!Homeport
!Status
|-
|[[File:Navy supply vessel "Berlin".jpg|110px]]
|A1411
|{{ship|German auxiliary|Berlin||2}} 
| 4 January 1999
| 30 April 1999
| 11 April 2001 
| rowspan=3 | [[Wilhelmshaven]] 
| In active service
|-
|[[File:FGS Frankfurt-am-Main-2012-1.jpg|110px]]
|A1412
|{{ship|German auxiliary|Frankfurt am Main||2}} 
| 28 August 2000
| 5 January 2001
| 27 May 2002  
| In active service
|-
| [[File:USS Gravely conducts a replenishment-at-sea with German navy replenishment ship. (48097832297) (cropped).jpg|110px]]
| A1413
| {{ship|German auxiliary|Bonn||2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/!ut/p/c4/NYzNCsIwEISfxRfYTcGf4s1aEK-KaL2l7TZdSJOyTVoQH97m4AzM5WM-fONap2c2OrB32uILq4aP9QKDFohUk0Q3AbHriQM56Nl2U6d7-VA0BDPJ5MWQAJkZn0nXEjTeUUi7PgKva0QHLzB6CTaRKLIS4BYrlZWFOqh_sm9-uZ-3j_1OldfiloTWYNUSjsOQL6fN5geoqpLb/ |title=Einsatzgruppenversorger Bonn schwimmt aus |language=German |publisher=German Navy |date=12 May 2011 |access-date=11 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113171833/http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/!ut/p/c4/NYzNCsIwEISfxRfYTcGf4s1aEK-KaL2l7TZdSJOyTVoQH97m4AzM5WM-fONap2c2OrB32uILq4aP9QKDFohUk0Q3AbHriQM56Nl2U6d7-VA0BDPJ5MWQAJkZn0nXEjTeUUi7PgKva0QHLzB6CTaRKLIS4BYrlZWFOqh_sm9-uZ-3j_1OldfiloTWYNUSjsOQL6fN5geoqpLb/ |archive-date=13 January 2016 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
| 16 September 2010
| 27 April 2011
| 13 September 2013   
| In active service   
|}

==Construction and career==
In 1994, the [[German Navy]] sought to construct four replenishment vessels, built in two batches.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}{{sfn|Sharpe|1996|p=253}} The ships were designed to support [[United Nations]] operations overseas.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=293}} However, the project was trimmed to one and the design was finalised in mid-1996.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}}{{sfn|Sharpe|1996|p=253}} The first [[Hull (watercraft)|hull]] was ordered in October 1996. A second hull was authorized in June 1998. The hulls of the ships were built by [[Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft]] at their shipyard in [[Flensburg]], Germany, with the electronic systems installed by [[Lürssen]] and the [[superstructure]], final outfitting and [[sea trial]]s done by [[Krögerwerft]]. The first ship, ''Berlin'', completed construction in 2001 and was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] into the German Navy on 11 April 2001. The second vessel, ''Frankfurt am Main'' followed in 2002 and was commissioned on 27 May 2002.{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} The third ship, ''Bonn'', was ordered on 3 December 2008 with increased power and accommodations and was built at [[Peene-Werft|Peenewerft]] in [[Wolgast]].{{sfn|Wertheim|2013|p=239}} On 13 September 2013, ''Bonn'' was commissioned into service at Wilhelmshaven.<ref name=bonn/>

In 2007, ''Frankfurt am Main'' performed trials with Finnish {{cvt|14|m}} {{sclass2|Jurmo|landing craft}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=293}} In 2020, ''Berlin'' operated with [[Standing NATO Maritime Group 2]] (SNMG 2).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2 April 2020|title=German Navy's Berlin replenishment ship heading to Aegean Sea|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2020/04/german-navys-berlin-replenishment-ship-heading-to-aegean-sea/|access-date=17 September 2020|website=Naval News}}</ref>

==Export==
===Royal Canadian Navy===
{{main|Protecteur-class auxiliary vessel}}

Two ships will be procured to replace the two ''Protecteur''-class vessels operated by the RCN until 2014 under the [[Joint Support Ship Project]].<ref name=JSSSelection>{{cite web |url=http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/app-acq/sam-mps/dinsi-bkjss-eng.html |title=Backgrounder: Joint Support Ship Design |publisher=Public Works and Government Services Canada |date=31 May 2013 |access-date=14 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514191526/http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/app-acq/sam-mps/dinsi-bkjss-eng.html |archive-date=14 May 2014 }}</ref> The ships will be built by [[Seaspan Marine Corporation]] at the Vancouver Shipyards facility located in [[North Vancouver (district municipality)|North Vancouver, British Columbia]].<ref name="JSSSelection"/> The design was chosen over a design by BMT Technology. At the time, the option for a third was still possible.<ref name=CBC>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/feds-pick-off-the-shelf-design-for-military-resupply-ships-1.1314896 |title=Feds pick off-the-shelf design for military resupply ships |work=CBC News |date=2 June 2013 |access-date=13 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140127071015/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/feds-pick-off-the-shelf-design-for-military-resupply-ships-1.1314896 |archive-date=27 January 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Canadian sailors previewed ''Bonn'' in order to make themselves familiar with the design.<ref name="CBC2">{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/german-supply-ship-gives-navy-peek-at-new-design-1.2546496|title=German supply ship gives navy peek at new design|date=21 February 2014|work=CBC News|accessdate=13 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304221310/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/german-supply-ship-gives-navy-peek-at-new-design-1.2546496|archive-date=4 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

The ships were originally to be named ''Queenston'' and ''Chateauguay'', for battles from the [[War of 1812]].<ref name=Nicholson>{{cite web |url=http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/news/article.page?doc=minister-nicholson-announces-names-for-the-royal-canadian-navy-s-new-joint-support-ships/hn74yaf6 |title=Minister Nicholson announces names for the Royal Canadian Navy's new Joint Support Ships |work=National Defence |date=25 October 2013 |accessdate=13 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514083716/http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/news/article.page?doc=minister-nicholson-announces-names-for-the-royal-canadian-navy-s-new-joint-support-ships%2Fhn74yaf6 |archive-date=14 May 2014 |url-status=live  }}</ref> This decision was reversed in September 2017, when it was announced that the ships would perpetuate the names ''Protecteur'' and ''Preserver''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/war-of-1812-names-for-joint-support-ships-are-history-protecteur-and-preserver-are-the-new-names|title=War of 1812 names for Joint Support Ships are history – Protecteur and Preserver are the new names|date=12 September 2017|work=Ottawa Citizen|access-date=19 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918003058/http://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/war-of-1812-names-for-joint-support-ships-are-history-protecteur-and-preserver-are-the-new-names|archive-date=18 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2015}} it was estimated that the two Canadian ships would cost C$2.6bn (~€1.75bn) to build, and a further C$4.5bn (~€3bn) to operate over 25 years.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://lop.parl.ca/sites/PublicWebsite/default/en_CA/ResearchPublications/201535E#a17 | title= The National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy: A Five-Year Assessment | first=Martin | last=Auger | date=15 June 2015 | publisher=Canadian Library of Parliament}}</ref> The [[keel]] of the first ship was laid down on 16 January 2020.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timescolonist.com/business/ceremonial-keel-laying-held-for-new-hmcs-protecteur-1.24054523 |title=Ceremonial keel-laying held for new HMCS Protecteur |last=Wilson |first=Carla |work=Times Colonist |date=16 January 2020 |access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==Citations==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite web |url=https://luerssen-defence.com/english-luerssen-egv-typ-702/ |title=EGV Type 702 (Berlin, Frankfurt, Bonn) Data Sheet |publisher=Lürssen |access-date=14 July 2021 |ref={{sfnref|Lürssen}}}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Saunders |editor-first=Stephen |year=2009 |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010 |publisher=Jane's Information Group Inc. |edition=112 |location=Alexandria, Virginia |isbn=978-0-7106-2888-6}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Sharpe |editor-first=Richard |year=1996 |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1996–97 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |edition=99 |location=Surrey, United Kingdom |isbn=0-7106-1355-5}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Wertheim |editor-first=Eric |year=2013 |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World |edition=16th |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=9-7-815911-4954-5}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Berlin class replenishment ships}}
*[https://www.thyssenkrupp-marinesystems.com/en/class-702.html Berlin class data at Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems]

{{Berlin-class replenishment ships}}
{{Ship classes of the Deutsche Marine}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Berlin-class replenishment ship}}

[[Category:Berlin-class replenishment ships| ]]
[[Category:Auxiliary ships of Germany]]
[[Category:Auxiliary replenishment ship classes]]