View source for Basque Parliament

{{Short description|Legislative body of the Basque Autonomous Community of Spain}}
{{onesource|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox legislature
 | name               = Basque Parliament
 | native_name        = Eusko Legebiltzarra<br/>Parlamento Vasco
 | legislature        = [[13th Basque Parliament]]
 | coa_pic            = Basque Parliament logo.png
 | coa_res            = 250px
 | coa-pic            = 
 | coa-res            = 
 | house_type         = Unicameral
 | body               =
 | houses             =  
 | leader1_type       = [[List of Presidents of the Basque Parliament|President]]
 | leader1            = [[Bakartxo Tejeria]]
 | party1             = [[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]]
 | election1          = 20 November 2012
| leader2_type       = Vice President
 | leader2           = [[Susana Corcuera]]
 | party2            = [[Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left|PSE–EE]]
 | election2         = 14 May 2024
 | leader3_type      = Second Vice President
 | leader3           = [[Eba Blanco de Angulo]]
 | party3            = [[EH Bildu]]
 | election3         = 21 October 2016
 | leader4_type      = Secretary 
 | leader4           = [[Ion Aiartza]]
 | party4            =   [[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]]
 | election4         = 14 May 2024
 | leader5_type      = Vice Secretary 
 | leader5           = [[Eraitz Sáez de Egilaz]]
 | party5            = [[EH Bildu]]
 | election5         = 14 May 2024
 | members           = 75
 | house1            = 
 | house2            = 
 | structure1        = Parlamento Vasco 2024.svg
 | structure1_res    = 250px
 | structure2        = 
 | structure2_res    = 
 | political_groups1 =
'''Government (39)'''
*{{Color box|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|border=darkgray}} [[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]] (27) 
*{{Color box|{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country}}|border=darkgray}} [[Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left|PSE–EE]] (12)
'''Opposition (36)'''
*{{Color box|{{party color|EH Bildu (2023)}}|border=darkgray}} [[EH Bildu]] (27) 
**{{Color box|{{party color|Sortu}}|border=darkgray}} [[Sortu]] (4)
**{{Color box|{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}|border=darkgray}} [[Eusko Alkartasuna|EA]] (4)
**{{Color box|{{party color|Alternatiba (Basque political party)}}|border=darkgray}} [[Alternatiba (Basque political party)|Alternative]] (2)
*{{Color box|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|border=darkgray}} [[People's Party of the Basque Country|PP]] (7)
*{{Color box|{{party color|Sumar (electoral platform)}}|border=darkgray}} [[Sumar (electoral platform)|Sumar]] (1)
**{{Color box|{{party color|Ezker Anitza}}|border=darkgray}} [[Ezker Anitza|EzAn–IU]] (1)
*{{Color box|{{party color|Vox (Spanish political party)}}|border=darkgray}} [[Vox (political party)|Vox]] (1) 
 | political_groups2  = 
 | committees1        = 
 | committees2        = 
 | joint_committees   = 
 | voting_system1     = Closed party lists in three 25-seat constituencies, with seats allocated using the [[D'Hondt method]]
 | voting_system2     = 
 | last_election1     = [[2024 Basque regional election|21 April 2024]]
 | next_election1     = 
 | session_room       = Parlamento Vasco.jpg
 | session_res        = 
 | meeting_place      = [[Vitoria-Gasteiz]], [[Álava]]
 | website            = [http://www.legebiltzarra.eus/ Website]
 | footnotes          = 
}}

The '''Basque Parliament''' ([[Basque language|Basque]]: ''Eusko Legebiltzarra'', [[Spanish language|Spanish]]: ''Parlamento Vasco'') is the legislative body of the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Autonomous Community]] of [[Spain]] and the elected assembly to which the [[Basque Government]] is responsible.

The Parliament meets in the Basque capital, [[Vitoria-Gasteiz]], although the first session of the modern assembly, as constituted by the [[Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country]], was held in [[Guernica (city)|Guernica]] &ndash; the symbolic centre of Basque freedoms &ndash; on 31 March 1980.<ref>[http://www.parlamento.euskadi.net/c_lasede_1.html Parlamento Vasco - Servicios > Conócenos > La sede] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120906104106/http://www.parlamento.euskadi.net/c_lasede_1.html |date=2012-09-06 }} {{in lang|es}}</ref> 
Later in 1980 it started meeting at the premises of the Council of [[Álava]]. In 1982, it got its own site in a former high school. The symbol of the Parliament is an [[oak]]en sculpture by [[Nestor Basterretxea]] representing a stylized tree, an allusion to the tradition of Basque political assemblies meeting under a tree, as [[Gernikako arbola|in Guernica]].

It is composed of seventy-five deputies representing citizens from the three provinces of the Basque autonomous community. Each province ([[Álava]], [[Gipuzkoa]] and [[Biscay]]) elects the same number of deputies, despite their having very different levels of population. This was chosen to earn support from Álava and [[Navarre]], less populated territories. Still, Navarre did not join the autonomous community.

The elections are held using [[closed list]] [[proportional representation]] with seats allocated on a Provincial basis using the [[D'Hondt method]] of allocation. To qualify for seats in a particular province, electoral lists must receive at least 3% of the votes cast in that province,  including votes "en blanco" for "none of the above." From 1984 to 2001, the [[election threshold]] was 5% in each province. Sessions of the Basque Parliament are conducted in both Basque and Spanish, with translation services.

The Parliament consists of 75 deputies elected by [[Universal suffrage|universal adult suffrage]] under a system of [[proportional representation]].

== Membership ==
===Results of the elections to the Basque Parliament===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! colspan="4" |Deputies in the Basque Parliament since 1980
|-
| colspan="4" | {{hidden begin|title=''Key to parties''|contentstyle=font-size:95%; border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;}}
{{colbegin|colwidth=12.5em}}
{{legend|{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}|[[Herri Batasuna|HB]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Communist Party of the Basque Homelands}}|[[Communist Party of the Basque Homelands|PCTV/EHAK]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Communist Party of the Basque Country}}|[[Communist Party of the Basque Country|PCE/EPK]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Euskal Herritarrok}}|[[Euskal Herritarrok|EH]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Aralar (Basque political party)}}|[[Aralar (Basque political party)|Aralar]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|United Left–Greens}}|[[United Left–Greens|EB–B]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}|[[Eusko Alkartasuna|EA]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}|[[Euskadiko Ezkerra|EE]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|EH Bildu (2023)}}|[[EH Bildu]]{{efn|From 2023.}}|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|EH Bildu}}|[[EH Bildu]]{{efn|Until 2023.}}|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Elkarrekin Podemos}}|[[Elkarrekin Podemos]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Sumar (electoral platform)}}|[[Sumar (electoral platform)|Sumar]] ([[Ezker Anitza|EzAn–IU]])|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}|[[PSE-EE]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}|[[Union, Progress and Democracy|UPyD]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|PNV–EA}}|[[PNV–EA]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|[[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|PP+Cs}}|[[PP+Cs]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}|[[People's Party of the Basque Country|PP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}|[[Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)|UCD]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|People's Coalition (Spain)}}|[[People's Coalition (Spain)|AP–PDP–UL]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)}}|[[Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)|CDS]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Alavese Unity}}|[[Alavese Unity]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|People's Alliance (Spain)}}|[[People's Alliance (Spain)|AP–PL]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Vox (political party)}}|[[Vox (political party)|Vox]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{colend}}
{{hidden end}}
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Election
! Distribution
! colspan="2" | [[Lehendakari]]
|-
| rowspan="2" align=center|[[1980 Basque regional election|1980]]
| rowspan="2" |
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}; width:11em; color:white;" | 11
| style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of the Basque Country}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:9em; color:white;" | 9
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:25em; color:white;" | 25
| style="background:{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|People's Alliance (Spain)}}; width:2em; color:white;" | 2
|}
| [[Carlos Garaikoetxea]] ([[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]])
| rowspan="9" style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}};"|
|-
| rowspan="5" | [[José Antonio Ardanza]] (EAJ/PNV)
|-
| align=center|[[1984 Basque regional election|1984]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}; width:11em; color:white;" | 11
| style="background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:19em; color:white;" | 19
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:32em; color:white;" | 32
| style="background:{{party color|People's Coalition (Spain)}}; width:7em; color:white;" | 7
|}
|-
| align=center|[[1986 Basque regional election|1986]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}; width:13em; color:white;" | 13
| style="background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}; width:9em; color:white;" | 9
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:19em; color:white;" | 19
| style="background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}; width:13em; color:white;" | 13
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:17em; color:white;" | 17
| style="background:{{party color|Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)}}; width:2em; color:white;" | 2
| style="background:{{party color|People's Alliance (Spain)}}; width:2em; color:white;" | 2
|}
|-
| align=center|[[1990 Basque regional election|1990]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}; width:13em; color:white;" | 13
| style="background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:16em; color:white;" | 16
| style="background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}; width:9em; color:white;" | 9
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:22em; color:white;" | 22
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Alavese Unity}}; width:3em; color:white;" | 3
|}
|-
| align=center|[[1994 Basque regional election|1994]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}; width:11em; color:white;" | 11
| style="background:{{party color|United Left–Greens}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:12em; color:white;" | 12
| style="background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}; width:8em; color:white;" | 8
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:22em; color:white;" | 22
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:11em; color:white;" | 11
| style="background:{{party color|Alavese Unity}}; width:5em; color:white;" | 5
|}
|-
| align=center|[[1998 Basque regional election|1998]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Euskal Herritarrok}}; width:14em; color:white;" | 14
| style="background:{{party color|United Left–Greens}}; width:2em; color:white;" | 2
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:14em; color:white;" | 14
| style="background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:21em; color:white;" | 21
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:16em; color:white;" | 16
| style="background:{{party color|Alavese Unity}}; width:2em; color:white;" | 2
|}
| rowspan="3" | [[Juan José Ibarretxe]] (EAJ/PNV)
|-
| align=center|[[2001 Basque regional election|2001]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Euskal Herritarrok}}; width:7em; color:white;" | 7
| style="background:{{party color|United Left–Greens}}; width:3em; color:white;" | 3
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:13em; color:white;" | 13
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:33em; color:white;" | 33
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:19em; color:white;" | 19
|}
|-
| align=center|[[2005 Basque regional election|2005]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of the Basque Homelands}}; width:9em; color:white;" | 9
| style="background:{{party color|Aralar (Basque political party)}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|United Left–Greens}}; width:3em; color:white;" | 3
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:18em; color:white;" | 18
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:29em; color:white;" | 29
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:15em; color:white;" | 15
|}
|-
| align=center|[[2009 Basque regional election|2009]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|Aralar (Basque political party)}}; width:4em; color:white;" | 4
| style="background:{{party color|United Left–Greens}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:25em; color:white;" | 25
| style="background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:30em; color:white;" | 30
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:13em; color:white;" | 13
|}
| [[Patxi López]] ([[Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left|PSE–EE]])
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}};"|
|-
| align=center|[[2012 Basque regional election|2012]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|EH Bildu}}; width:21em; color:white;" | 21
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:16em; color:white;" | 16
| style="background:{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:27em; color:white;" | 27
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:10em; color:white;" | 10
|}
| rowspan="3" | [[Iñigo Urkullu]] ([[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]])
| rowspan="4" style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}};"|
|-
| align=center|[[2016 Basque regional election|2016]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|EH Bildu}}; width:18em; color:white;" | 18
| style="background:{{party color|Elkarrekin Podemos}}; width:11em; color:white;" | 11
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:9em; color:white;" | 9
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:28em; color:white;" | 28
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:9em; color:white;" | 9
|}
|-
| align=center|[[2020 Basque regional election|2020]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|EH Bildu}}; width:21em; color:white;" | 21
| style="background:{{party color|Elkarrekin Podemos}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:10em; color:white;" | 10
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:31em; color:white;" | 31
| style="background:{{party color|PP+Cs}}; width:6em; color:white;" | 6
| style="background:{{party color|Vox (political party)}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
|}
|-
| align=center|[[2024 Basque regional election|2024]]
|
{| style="width:45em; font-size:85%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;"
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="background:{{party color|EH Bildu (2023)}}; width:27em; color:white;" | 27
| style="background:{{party color|Sumar (electoral platform)}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
| style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left}}; width:12em; color:white;" | 12
| style="background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}; width:27em; color:white;" | 27
| style="background:{{party color|People's Party of the Basque Country}}; width:7em; color:white;" | 7
| style="background:{{party color|Vox (political party)}}; width:1em; color:white;" | 1
|}
| [[Imanol Pradales]] ([[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ/PNV]])
|}

{{Politics of Basque Country (autonomous community)}}
[[File:Parlamento vasco 3.jpg|thumb|Antiguo Instituto Ramiro de Maeztu]]

==See also==
* [[List of lehendakaris|List of Basque presidents]] (known as ''Lehendakari''), heads of the Basque government
* [[List of presidents of the Basque Parliament]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.legebiltzarra.eus/ Official website of the Basque Parliament] (in Basque and Spanish)

{{Basque elections}}
{{Spanish regional legislatures}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|42.8452|N|2.6753|W|type:landmark_region:ES|display=title}}
[[Category:Basque Parliament| ]]
[[Category:1980 establishments in the Basque Country (autonomous community)|Parliament]]
[[Category:Legislatures of the Spanish Autonomous Communities]]