View source for Baron Inchiquin

{{short description|Title in the Peerage of Ireland}}
{{redirect|Earl of Inchiquin|the ship|Earl of Inchiquin (1764 ship)}}
{{more footnotes|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox hereditary title
| name              = Barony of Inchiquin
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|130px|center]] [[File:Arms of O'Brien, Baron Inchiquin.svg|150px|center]]
| image_size        = 
| alt               = 
| caption           = {{Collapsible list
  |framestyle=border:none; padding:0; <!--Hides borders and improves row spacing-->
  |title=  Blazon
  |1= '''Arms:''' Quarterly: ''1st and 4th, Gules three Lions passant guardant in pale per pale Or and Argent;  2nd, Argent three Piles meeting in point issuing from the chief Gules;  3rd, Or a Pheon Azure.''
  |2= '''Crests:''' ''Issuing from a Cloud an Arm embowed brandishing a Sword Argent pommelled and hilted Or.''
  |3='''Supporters:''' ''On either side a Lion guardant per fess Or and Argent.''
}}
| creation_date     = 1 July 1543
| creation          =
| monarch           = [[Henry VIII of England|King Henry VIII]]
| peerage           = [[Peerage of Ireland]]
| baronetage        =
| first_holder      = [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond|Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond, 1st Baron Inchiquin]]
| last_holder       =
| present_holder    =[[Conor O'Brien, 19th Baron Inchiquin]]
| heir_apparent     =
| heir_presumptive  =
| remainder_to      = the 1st Baron’s [[heirs male]]
| subsidiary_titles = Baronet 'of Lemenagh'<br>The O'Brien, Chief of the Name, Prince of Thomond
| status            = Extant
| extinction_date   =
| family_seat       = Thomond House
| former_seat       = [[Dromoland Castle]]
| motto             =
| footnotes         =
}}

[[File:Murrough O'Brien, King of Thomond, Submits to King Henry VIII.jpg|thumb|Murrough surrenders his royalty to [[King Henry VIII]] at Greenwich upon the Thames July 1543 and receives the titles of Baron Inchiquin for his heirs male and [[Earl of Thomond]] with special remainder to his nephew Donough.]]

'''Baron Inchiquin''' ({{Langx|ga|Barún Inse Uí Chuinn}}) is one of the older titles in the [[Peerage of Ireland]]. It was one of two titles created on 1 July 1543 for [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond|Murrough O'Brien, Prince of Thomond]], who claimed descent from [[Brian Boru]], a High King of Ireland. The English titles were granted under the policy of [[surrender and regrant]], and therefore conditional upon the abandonment of any Irish titles, the adoption of English customs and laws, pledging of allegiance to [[the Crown]], [[apostasy]] from the [[Catholic Church]], and conversion to the [[Church of Ireland]]. Murrough was made both [[Earl of Thomond]] in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to his nephew Donough O'Brien and Baron Inchiquin, with remainder to his male heirs.<ref>{{cite book
 | last = O'Brien
 | first = Ivar
 | title = O'Brien of Thomond: The O'Briens in Irish History 1500–1865
 | publisher = Phillimore
 | date = 1986
 | location = Chichester
 | pages = 14–15
 | isbn = 0-85033-582-5
}}</ref> Following the death of his cousin, Conor Myles John O' Brien in June 2023, Conor John Anthony O' Brien is currently the 19th Baron Inchiquin <ref>{{Cite news |last=MacNaughton |first=Ollie |date=11 July 2023 |title=Lord Inchiquin, descendant of the 11th-century High King of Ireland, has died at 79 |work=The Tatler |url=https://www.tatler.com/article/lord-inchiquin-descendant-of-the-11th-century-high-king-of-ireland-obituary}}</ref>

==History==
{{see also|Early Barons Inchiquin}}
On his death in 1551, Murrough was succeeded in the earldom, according to the special remainder, by his nephew, the second Earl (see [[Earl of Thomond]] for the later history of this title), but the barony of Inchiquin passed to his son Dermod, the second baron.<ref name=EB1911/> Dermod's great-great-grandson, the sixth baron, was a prominent military commander during the [[Irish Confederate Wars]] (1643–48), first for the [[English Parliament]], then as a Royalist commander during the [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]] (1649–53) during the [[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]]. In 1654 he was created '''Earl of Inchiquin''' in the Peerage of Ireland.

He was succeeded by his son, [[William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin]], who served as governor of [[English Tangier]] and as [[Governor of Jamaica]]. His son, [[William O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Inchiquin]], became [[Governor of Kinsale]] in 1693. The fourth earl, also named [[William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin|William O'Brien]], represented [[Windsor (UK Parliament constituency)|Windsor]], [[Camelford (UK Parliament constituency)|Camelford]] and [[Aylesbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Aylesbury]] in the [[British House of Commons]].

The fifth earl, [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Marquess of Thomond|Murrough O'Brien]], was the nephew and son-in-law of his predecessor. In 1800, he was created '''Marquess of Thomond''' in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to his brother, the Honorable [[Edward Dominic O'Brien]], a captain in the [[British Army]]. The following year he was made '''Baron Thomond''' of Taplow in the County of Buckingham in the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]] to allow him to sit in the [[House of Lords]], with remainder to the male heirs of his body. He died without male issue in 1808, when the barony of Thomond became extinct.<ref name=EB1911/>

He was succeeded in the marquessate according to the special remainder, and in the other Irish titles, by his nephew [[William O'Brien, 2nd Marquess of Thomond]], the third son of the aforementioned Captain Edward O'Brien. The second marquess was an [[List of Irish representative peers|Irish representative peer]]. In 1826 he was created '''Baron Tadcaster''' of Tadcaster in the County of York in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. He had no sons and on his death in 1846 the barony of Tadcaster became extinct.

He was succeeded in the Irish peerages by his younger brother, [[James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess of Thomond]], an [[admiral]] in the [[Royal Navy]]. He had no sons and on his death in 1855 the marquessate and earldom of Inchiquin became extinct.

In 1855, he was succeeded in the barony of Inchiquin by his distant relative Sir [[Lucius O'Brien, 13th Baron Inchiquin|Lucius O'Brien, 5th Baronet]], who became the 13th Baron Inchiquin. The '''O'Brien Baronetcy''', of Leaghmenagh in the County of Clare, had been created in the [[Baronetage of Ireland]] in 1686 for Donough O'Brien, who had earlier represented [[County Clare (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|County Clare]] in the [[Irish House of Commons]]. He was the great-great-grandson and namesake of Donough O'Brien (died 1582), younger son of the first Earl of Thomond and first Baron Inchiquin. His grandson, the second baronet, great-grandson the third baronet, and great-great-grandson the fourth baronet, also represented County Clare in the Irish Parliament, with the fourth baronet also representing [[Ennis (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Ennis]]. The latter was succeeded by his son, the fifth baronet.

Before becoming the 13th Baron, the fifth Baronet O'Brien had represented [[County Clare (UK Parliament constituency)|County Clare]] in the House of Commons and was later an Irish Representative Peer. He also served as [[Lord Lieutenant of Clare|Lord Lieutenant of County Clare]]. He was succeeded by his son, [[Edward O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin]], also an Irish Representative Peer and Lord Lieutenant of County Clare. His son, [[Lucius O'Brien, 15th Baron Inchiquin]], also sat in the House of Lords as an Irish Representative Peer, and also served in the British military and had been appointed [[High Sheriff of Clare]] in 1898, and justice of the peace of [[Salop]].{{ sfn | Hesilrige | 1921 | page=500}}

According to Desmond Oulton (owner of [[Clontarf Castle]]), his father John George Oulton had suggested to [[Éamon de Valera]] towards the end of the [[Irish Free State]], that Ireland should have its own king again, as it was in the times of [[Gaelic Ireland]].<ref name="ok"/> He suggested to him, a member of the [[O'Brien Clan]], descended in the paternal line from [[Brian Boru]], a previous [[High King of Ireland]]: the most senior representative at the time was [[Donough O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin]].<ref name="ok"/> Oulton said that Donough's nephew [[Conor O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin]], confirmed that De Valera did offer Donough O'Brien the title of Prince-President of the Irish Republic, but this was turned down and so a [[President of Ireland]] was instituted instead.<ref name="ok"/> The 16th Baron was succeeded by his younger brother [[Phaedrig O'Brien, 17th Baron Inchiquin]], a consulting [[geologist]], who in turn was succeeded by his nephew, the 18th baron.<ref name="DPB"/> Following the death of the 18th baron in 2023, the direct male line of the 15th baron failed; the 18th baron was succeeded by his second cousin.<ref name="DPB"/>

In the [[Irish nobility|Gaelic nobility]], Lord Inchiquin is '''The O'Brien, Chief of the Name, Prince of Thomond'''.

The family seat of the O'Brien Baronetcy was [[Dromoland Castle]], near [[Newmarket-on-Fergus]], [[County Clare]]. The current Baron Inchiquin lives in Thomond House adjacent to Dromoland.

==Barons Inchiquin (1543)==
* [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond|Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond, 1st Baron Inchiquin]] (died 1551)
* [[Dermod O'Brien, 2nd Baron Inchiquin]] (died 1 May 1557)
* [[Murrough McDermot O'Brien, 3rd Baron Inchiquin]] (1550–1574)
* [[Murrough O'Brien, 4th Baron Inchiquin]] (1563–1597)
* [[Dermod O'Brien, 5th Baron Inchiquin]] (1594–1624)
* [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin|Murrough O'Brien, 6th Baron Inchiquin]] (1618–1674) (created '''Earl of Inchiquin''' in 1654)

==Earls of Inchiquin (1654)==
* [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin|Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, 6th Baron Inchiquin]] (1618–1674)
* [[William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin|William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin, 7th Baron Inchiquin]] (1640–1692)
* [[William O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Inchiquin|William O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Inchiquin, 8th Baron Inchiquin]] (1662–1719)
* [[William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin|William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin, 9th Baron Inchiquin]] (1700–1777)
* [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Marquess of Thomond|Murrough O'Brien, 5th Earl of Inchiquin, 10th Baron Inchiquin]] (1726–1808) (created '''Marquess of Thomond''' in 1800)

==Marquesses of Thomond (1800)==
* [[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Marquess of Thomond|Murrough O'Brien, 1st Marquess of Thomond, 5th Earl of Inchiquin, 10th Baron Inchiquin]] (1726–1808)
* [[William O'Brien, 2nd Marquess of Thomond|William O'Brien, 2nd Marquess of Thomond, 6th Earl of Inchiquin, 11th Baron Inchiquin]] (1765–1846)
* [[James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess of Thomond|James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess of Thomond, 7th Earl of Inchiquin, 12th Baron Inchiquin]] (1768–1855)

==Barons Inchiquin (1543; reverted)==
* [[Lucius O'Brien, 13th Baron Inchiquin]] (1800–1872)
* [[Edward O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin|Edward Donough O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin]] (1839–1900)
* [[Lucius O'Brien, 15th Baron Inchiquin|Lucius William O'Brien, 15th Baron Inchiquin]] (1864–1929)
* [[Donough O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin|Donough Edward Foster O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin]] (1897–1968)
* [[Phaedrig O'Brien, 17th Baron Inchiquin|Phaedrig Lucius Ambrose O'Brien, 17th Baron Inchiquin]] (1900–1982)
* [[Conor Myles John O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin]] (1943–2023)
* [[Conor John Anthony O'Brien, 19th Baron Inchiquin]] (b. 1952)<ref name="DPB"/>

The heir apparent is the present peer's son, Hon. Fionn Murrough O'Brien (born 1987).<ref name="DPB"/>

==O'Brien Baronets, of Leaghmenagh (1686)==
* [[Sir Donough O'Brien, 1st Baronet]] (died 1717)
* [[Sir Edward O'Brien, 2nd Baronet]] (died 1765)
* [[Sir Lucius O'Brien, 3rd Baronet]] (died 1795)
* [[Sir Edward O'Brien, 4th Baronet]] (died 1837)
* [[Lucius O'Brien, 13th Baron Inchiquin|Sir Lucius O'Brien, 5th Baronet]] (1800–1872) (succeeded as '''13th Baron Inchiquin''' in 1855)
''See above for further succession.''

==Line of succession (simplified)==

{{Collapse top|title={{small|Line of succession, simplified)}}}}
{{tree list}}
*[[Image:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|35px]] ''Edward O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin (1839–1900)''<ref name="BP_99"/>
**''Hon. Murrough O'Brien (1866–1934)''<ref name="BP_99"/>
***''Murrough Richard O'Brien (1910–2000)''<ref name="DPB"/>
****[[Image:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|35px]] '''Conor O'Brien, 19th Baron Inchiquin''' (born 1952)<ref name="DPB"/>
*****'''(1).''' Hon. Fionn Murrough O'Brien (born 1987)<ref name="DPB"/>
**''Hon. Henry Barnaby O'Brien (1887–1969)''<ref name="BP_99"/>
***''Michael George O'Brien (1928–2008)''<ref name="DPB"/>
****'''(2).''' Peter Thomond O'Brien (born 1961)<ref name="DPB"/>
*****'''(3).''' Angus John Thomond O'Brien (born 1995)<ref name="DPB"/>
****'''(4).''' John Michael O'Brien (born 1964)<ref name="DPB"/>
There are further heirs in line descended from the 13th Baron (father of the 14th Baron) and earlier generations.
{{tree list/end}}
<ref name="DPB">{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Inchiquin, Baron |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |pages=1939–1945|arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref><ref name="BP_99">{{cite book |year=1999 |chapter=Inchiquin |editor1-last=Mosley |editor1-first=Charles |title=Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage|volume=1 |edition=106th |location=Crans, Switzerland |publisher=Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. |pages=1494–1502|no-pp= |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=2-940085-02-1}}</ref>
{{collapse bottom}}

==The O'Brien line of Conor O'Brien, Chief of the name==
There is some overlap with the Barons Inchiquin; those people are marked off in bold.
* '''[[Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond|Murrough an Taniste O'Brien]]''', d. 1551
* [[Donough O'Brien (died 1582)|Donough O'Brien]] 29 Sep 1582
* [[Conor O'Brien (died 1603)|Conor O'Brien]] d. 1603
* [[Donough O'Brien (b. 1595)|Donough O'Brien]] d. 1634
* [[Conor O'Brien (died 1651)|Conor O'Brien]], 1617–1651
* [[Sir Donough O'Brien, 1st Baronet|Donough O'Brien]], 1642–1717
* [[Lucius O'Brien (died 1717)|Lucius O'Brien]], 1675–1717
* [[Sir Edward O'Brien, 2nd Baronet|Edward O'Brien]], 1705–1765
* [[Sir Lucius O'Brien, 3rd Baronet|Lucius O'Brien]], 1731–1795
* [[Sir Edward O'Brien, 4th Baronet|Edward O'Brien]], 1773–1837
* '''[[Lucius O'Brien, 13th Baron Inchiquin|Lucius O'Brien]]''', 1800–1872
* '''[[Edward Donough O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin|Edward O'Brien]]''', 1839–1900
* '''[[Lucius William O'Brien, 15th Baron Inchiquin|Lucius O'Brien]]''', 1864–1929
* Fionn O'Brien, 1903–1977{{fact|date=November 2023}}
* '''[[Conor Myles John O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin|Conor Myles John O'Brien]]''', 1943–2023
* Conor John Anthony O' Brien, 2023–present<ref>{{Cite news |last=MacNaughton |first=Ollie |date=11 July 2023 |title=Lord Inchiquin, descendant of the 11th-century High King of Ireland, has died at 79 |url=https://www.tatler.com/article/lord-inchiquin-descendant-of-the-11th-century-high-king-of-ireland-obituary}}</ref>{{fv|reason=Source suggests that 'Conor John Anthony O'Brien, 19th Baron Inchiquin succeeds him for the [baronial] title'. Source makes no mention of 'chief of the name'? |date=November 2023}}

==Art and culture==

''Lord Inchiquin'' is the name of a traditional Irish [[Air (music)|air]] by [[Turlough Carolan|O'Carolan]], assumed to be dedicated to his contemporary [[William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin]].

The painter [[George O'Brien (painter)|George O'Brien]], who made his name as an artist in [[New Zealand]], was a descendant of the first Baron Inchiquin.

==See also==
* [[O'Brien dynasty]]
* [[Kings of Cashel]]
* [[Kings of Desmond]]
* [[Kings of Munster]]
* [[Kings of Thomond]] 1119–1543
* [[Irish nobility]]
* [[Irish royal families]]
* {{ship||Earl of Inchiquin|1764 ship}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist|2|refs=<ref name=EB1911>{{harv|Chisholm|1911|page=869}}</ref><ref name="ok">{{harv|O'Keeffe|2013|p=21}}</ref>}}

===Sources===
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Thomond, Earl and Marquess of|volume=26|page=869}}
* {{cite book | last=Hesilrige | first=Arthur G. M. | year=1921 | title=Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy | url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeeraget00unse/page/500 | location=160A, [[Fleet street]], [[London]], UK | publisher=[[Dean & Son]] | page=500 }}
* Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.{{page needed|date=November 2021}}
* O'Donoghue, John, [https://archive.org/details/historicalmemoi00odogoog Historical Memoir of the O'Briens]. Dublin: Hodges, Smith, & Co. 1860.
* {{Citation | last1 = O'Keeffe | first1 = Jane | title =Voices from the Great Houses of Ireland: Life in the Big House: Cork and Kerry | publisher =  Mercier Press | location = | year = 2013 | isbn = 978-1781171936}}.

==Further reading==
* {{citation |last=Inchiquin |first=Lucius Lord of |year=1861 |orig-year=1765  |title=Case of the Right Honourable Lucius, lord Inchiquin in the peerage of Ireland on his claiming the right to vote at the election of representative peers for Ireland. ...|chapter=The Petition of the right Honourable Lucius Baron of Inchiquin (otherwise Inskwyne), of that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called Ireland. |pages=66–70 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o9ANAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA66}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100515020348/http://www.obrienclan.com/conorf.htm Conor O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin]
* [http://www.obrienclan.com/ The O'Brien Clan]

{{Extant baronies in the Peerage of Ireland}}
{{Ó Briain}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Inchiquin}}
[[Category:Baronies in the Peerage of Ireland]]
[[Category:O'Brien dynasty]]
[[Category:Irish Anglicans]]
[[Category:1543 establishments in Ireland]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1543]]
[[Category:Barons Inchiquin| ]]