View source for Bank and Monument stations

{{short description|London Underground and DLR stations}}
{{redirect|Bank station|the bus station in Ottawa|Transitway (Ottawa)}}
{{redirect|Monument station}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox London station
| name          = Bank and Monument
| symbol        = underground
| symbol2       = dlr
| alt_name      = 
| manager       = [[London Underground]]
| owner         =
| locale        = Princes Street (Bank)<ref>{{cite web |title=Bank Underground Station |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/tube/stop/940GZZLUBNK/bank-underground-station/ |access-date=16 November 2022 |website=Transport for London |language=en-GB}}</ref><br>[[King William Street, London|King William Street]] (Monument)<ref>{{cite web |title=Monument Underground Station |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/tube/stop/940GZZLUMMT/monument-underground-station |access-date=16 November 2022 |website=Transport for London |language=en-GB}}</ref>
| borough       = [[City of London]]
| platforms     = 10
| fare_zone     = 1
| railcode      =
| image_name    = Bank station entrance look to Bank.JPG
| image_alt     = 
| caption       = Entrance at the [[Bank of England]], by [[Bank Junction]]
| coordinates   = {{coord|51.513|-0.088|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title}}
| map_type      = Central London
| label_position= left
<!-- | dlrbat0708    = 21.603
| dlrbat0809    = {{decrease}} 19.390
| dlrbat1011    = {{increase}} 22.502 -->
| years1        = {{start date|1884|10|6|df=yes}}
| years2        = 8 August 1898
| years3        = 25 February 1900
| years4        = 30 July 1900
| years5        = 18 September 1933
| years6        = 29 July 1991
| events1       = Opened ([[#Metropolitan Inner Circle Completion Railway, 1884|MICCR]])
| events2       = Opened ([[#Waterloo & City Railway, 1898|W&CR]])
| events3       = Opened ([[#City & South London Railway, 1900|C&SLR]])
| events4       = Opened ([[#Central London Railway, 1900|CLR]])
| events5       = Bank-Monument <br/>escalator link opened
| events6       = Opened ([[#Docklands Light Railway, 1991|DLR]])
<!-- | tubeexits05   = {{increase}} 34.295
| tubeexits06   = {{increase}} 38.209
| tubeexits07   = {{increase}} 41.883
| tubeexits08   = {{increase}} 42.820
| tubeexits09   = {{decrease}} 40.65  -->
| listing_grade = I
| listing_detail = Entrance within <br/>[[Bank of England]] & <br/> Redundant entrance within [[St Mary Woolnoth]]
| listing_start = 4 January 1950
| listing_entry = 1079134 (Bank)<ref name="eh_1079134">{{National Heritage List for England |num=1079134 |desc=Bank of England |access-date=3 April 2015}}</ref><br/> 1064620 (Church)<ref name="eh_1064620">{{National Heritage List for England |num=1064620 |desc=Church of St Mary Woolnoth |access-date=3 April 2015}}</ref>
| access        = yes
| access_note   = {{spaces}}(Northern line and DLR only)<ref>{{Citation step free tube map}}</ref>
| interchange   = Bank: {{plainlist|
* [[Cannon Street station|Cannon Street]] {{rail-interchange|gb|rail}} {{rail-interchange|london|underground}}
* [[Fenchurch Street railway station|Fenchurch Street]] {{rail-interchange|gb|rail}}
* {{nowrap|[[Liverpool Street station|Liverpool Street]] {{rail-interchange|gb|rail}} {{rail-interchange|london|overground}} {{rail-interchange|london|crossrail}}}}
}}
Monument:  {{plainlist|
* [[Fenchurch Street railway station|Fenchurch Street]] {{rail-interchange|gb|rail}}
}}
| interchange_note = <ref>{{Citation London station interchange June 2020}}</ref>
|events7=Station upgrade and expansion completed|years7=27 February 2023}}

'''Bank''' and '''Monument''' are two interlinked stations in the [[City of London]] that form a public transport complex served by five lines of the [[London Underground]] as well as the [[Docklands Light Railway|Docklands Light Railway (DLR)]].

Bank station, named after the [[Bank of England]], opened in 1900 at [[Bank Junction]] and is served by the [[Central line (London Underground)|Central]], [[Northern line|Northern]] and [[Waterloo & City]] lines of the Underground, and the DLR. Monument station, named after the [[Monument to the Great Fire of London]], opened in 1884 and is served by the [[Circle line (London Underground)|Circle]] and [[District line|District]] lines. The stations have been linked as an interchange since 1933.

The station complex is [[List of busiest London Underground stations|one of the busiest on the London Underground network]]. The station complex was previously rated the Underground's worst station in passenger surveys, and a substantial upgrade and expansion was completed in 2023 after seven years of construction. The station has 27 escalators, the most of any station on the Underground. The stations are in [[London fare zone 1]].

==History==
The Bank–Monument station complex was created by building links between several nearby stations constructed by different companies. The first station was opened by the Metropolitan Inner Circle Completion Railway.

===Metropolitan Inner Circle Completion Railway, 1884===
[[File:DISTRICT(1888) p054 - Monument (map).jpg|thumb|left|upright|Monument station on an 1888 map. The C&SLR's {{stl|London Underground|King William Street}} station, then under construction, is also shown.]]
The [[Metropolitan Railway]] (MR) and [[District Railway]] (DR) had, by 1876, built most of the Inner Circle (now the Circle line), reaching {{stl|London Underground|Aldgate}} and {{stl|London Underground|Mansion House}} respectively. The companies were in dispute over the completion of the route, for the DR was struggling financially and the MR was concerned that completion would affect its revenues through increased competition from the DR in the City area. City financiers who were keen to see the line completed established the Metropolitan Inner Circle Completion Railway in 1874 to link Mansion House to Aldgate. Forced into action, the MR bought out the company and with the DR began construction of the final section of the Inner Circle in 1879. The new section of railway included two new stations: [[Tower of London tube station|Tower of London]] and another located close to the Monument.

The station at Monument opened with the name "Eastcheap" on 6 October 1884, after [[Eastcheap|the nearby street]], and was renamed "The Monument" on 1 November 1884.<ref name="Rose">{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |title=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |year=1999 |publisher=Douglas Rose/Capital Transport |isbn=1-85414-219-4}}</ref> Initially, trains from both companies served the station on the Inner Circle service, but other operational patterns have been used. In 1909, a new entrance was completed to a design by architect [[George Campbell Sherrin]], which included a new entrance incorporating commercial space where the booking hall had previously been located.<ref>{{cite book |last=Jackson |first=Alan Arthur |title=London's Metropolitan Railway |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x4ZPAAAAMAAJ&q=%22george+sherrin%22+mark+lane+station |publisher=David & Charles |date=1986 |page=198 |isbn=9780715388396}}</ref> The Inner Circle service achieved a separate identity as the Circle line in 1949, although its trains were still provided by the District or Metropolitan lines.<ref name="Rose"/>

=== Waterloo & City Railway, 1898 ===
The [[Waterloo & City Railway]] was built by the [[London and South Western Railway]] (L&SWR) to link its terminus at [[London Waterloo station|Waterloo]] to the City. The station, with platforms under [[Queen Victoria Street, London|Queen Victoria Street]] and close to [[Mansion House, London|Mansion House]], opened on 8 August 1898 as "City".<ref name="Rose"/>
[[File:CNIM Travolator of the Bank Underground station, Waterloo and City Line.jpg|thumb|[[Moving walkway]] connecting the [[Waterloo & City line]] platforms with the station concourse]]
The Waterloo & City line platforms were renamed "Bank" on 28 October 1940.<ref name="Rose" /> In September 1960, two {{Convert|92|m|ft}} [[Moving walkway|moving pavements]] by [[Otis Worldwide|Otis]] named the "Trav-o-lators" were installed, in a sloped tunnel with a diameter of {{Convert|5|m|ft}} approximately parallel to the existing access  subway.<ref name="TfLresearch38-2017">{{cite web |date=5 January 2017 |title=Research Guide No 38: Bank Station |url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/research-guide-no-38-bank-station.pdf |access-date=12 April 2020 |website=TfL Corporate Archives}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ford |first=Jason |date=30 October 2023 |title=October 1960 - the dawn of the Travolator |url=https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/archive/october-1960-the-dawn-of-the-travolator/ |access-date=16 August 2025 |website=The Engineer |language=en}}</ref> It remains one of the few sets of moving walkways on the whole Underground system, and the walls and ceilings of the sloped exits are often used for advertising.<ref name="TfLresearch38-2017" />

As the W&CR was owned by the L&SWR, a mainline railway, it became part of [[British Rail]]; it was only transferred to Underground operation in 1994.

=== City & South London Railway, 1900 ===
[[File:Starbucks by Bank Station, part of Hawksmoor's St Mary Woolnoth church.jpg|thumb|The entrance to the former C&SLR station, now a branch of [[Starbucks]], with the church of [[St Mary Woolnoth]] behind]]
The first station to be known as Bank opened on 25 February 1900, when the [[City & South London Railway]] (C&SLR, now part of the Northern line) opened its extension from {{stl|London Underground|Borough}} to {{stl|London Underground|Moorgate}}.<ref name="Rose"/> The earlier terminus of the line, {{stl|London Underground|King William Street}}, on a different tunnel alignment, was closed at the same time.

The C&SLR had obtained permission to demolish the 18th-century church of [[St Mary Woolnoth]] on the corner of [[Lombard Street, London|Lombard Street]] and build a station (originally proposed to be named "Lombard Street") on the site. After public protest, the company changed its plans to build only a sub-surface ticket hall and lift entrance in the [[crypt]] of the church. This necessitated moving the bodies elsewhere, strengthening the crypt with a steel framework and [[underpinning]] the church's foundations. Unusually for stations later converted to [[escalator]]s, the original [[Elevator|lift]] access from the ticket hall is still in use.

=== Central London Railway, 1900 ===
[[File:Bank & Monument 1908 map.jpg|thumb|Bank and Monument shown on a 1908 [[Tube map]]. Bank was served by the [[Central London Railway|Central London]] (blue), [[City and South London Railway|City & South London]] (black), and [[Waterloo & City]] (thin grey) railways, while Monument was served by the [[Metropolitan Railway|Metropolitan]] (red) and [[District Railway|District]] (green) railways. The stations were not yet connected.]]
The opening of the eastern terminus of the [[Central London Railway]] (CLR, now the Central line) at Bank followed on 30 July 1900.<ref name="Rose" />

As with the C&SLR, the high cost of property in the City, coupled with the presence of the [[Royal Exchange (London)|Royal Exchange]], the Bank of England, and Mansion House, meant that the station had to be built entirely underground. Permission was granted by the [[City of London Corporation]] for the station to be sited beneath the busy junction of roads meeting at this point on condition that public [[Subway (underpass)|subways]] were provided to act as pedestrian road crossings. To avoid undermining the road above, the station's lifts were installed in separate lift shafts rather than paired two-per-shaft as usual.

To avoid [[Easement|wayleave]] payments to property owners and to lessen possible claims for damage during construction and operation, the CLR tunnels were directly under public streets. This caused the platforms under [[Threadneedle Street]] and [[Poultry, London|Poultry]] to be so curved that one end of the platform cannot be seen from the other. East of Bank station the Central line tunnels have sharp curves to avoid the vaults of the Bank of England itself. Due to the close proximity of the CLR, W&CR and C&SLR stations, and the non-competing directions of their services, their ticket halls were soon connected, but connection between the CLR and C&SLR platforms were made only when escalators were installed in 1924. The CLR station itself was reconstructed during the major rebuilding of the [[Bank of England]] in 1925. The booking hall underneath [[Bank Junction]] was redecorated and a new subway entrance built into the corner of the Bank of England itself.<ref name="TfLTWA-2014">{{cite web |title=Transport and Works Act 1992 – London Underground (Bank Station Capacity Upgrade) Order – Design and Access Statement part 1 |url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/bscu-twao-designandaccessstatement-part1of2.pdf |website=Transport for London |date=September 2014 |access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

===Monument link, 1933===
[[File:City of London arms at Bank station.JPG|thumb|upright|right|Wall tiles at the station show the supporters of [[Coat of arms of the City of London|City of London coat of arms]], combined with the station roundel.]]
The southern end of the C&SLR (which by then was part of the Edgware-Morden line) platforms was close to those of Monument station and, on 18 September 1933, a connecting escalator link was opened, connecting the two stations directly for the first time.<ref name="Rose" /><ref name="TfLresearch38-2017" />

===Second World War===
During the Blitz, the station was used as a bomb shelter. On 11 January 1941, the Central line ticket hall of Bank station suffered a direct hit from a German bomb. The roadway collapsed into the subways and station concourse, killing 56 people.<ref>{{cite book |last=Larson |first=Erik |title=The Splendid and the Vile: A Saga of Churchill, Family, and Defiance During the Blitz |publisher=Crown |edition=Kindle |date=25 February 2020 |page=6046 |isbn=978-0385348713}}</ref>

===Docklands Light Railway and station refurbishment, 1990s===
In 1991, the [[Docklands Light Railway]] was extended to Bank station, following criticism of the original, poorly connected terminus at [[Tower Gateway]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1986/mar/06/london-docklands-railway-city-extension|title=London Docklands Railway (City Extension) Bill (By Order) (Hansard, 6 March 1986)|website=api.parliament.uk|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> The new platforms were built parallel to but deeper than those of the Northern line, with connections at one end to the Central line and Monument Station at the other. As part of the construction of the extension, a new link between the Waterloo & City and the Central line was excavated – uncovering part of one of the [[James Henry Greathead|Greathead]] [[tunnelling shield]]s used for the Waterloo & City line. This shield forms part of the new passageway, and passengers pass through when transferring between the two lines.<ref>{{cite web |title=Greathead shield at Bank |url=https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/greathead-shield-at-bank/ |website=London Remembers |access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> As with all other DLR stations, the DLR platforms were made accessible to those in wheelchairs, however the route was indirect with the use of three different passenger lifts required to reach the DLR.<ref name="TfLTWA-2014" />

[[File:James Henry Greathead statue by Bank tube station.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Statue of [[James Henry Greathead]], which was erected by Bank station in 1994]]
In January 1994, a statue of [[James Henry Greathead]] was erected outside the station, next to the Royal Exchange. It was unveiled by the [[Lord Mayor of London]] and is positioned on a plinth which hides a ventilation shaft for the Underground.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/james-greathead-statue/|title=James Greathead statue|website=London Remembers|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

The rest of the station was comprehensively refurbished, with decorative tiling panels based on the City's [[Coat of arms of the City of London|coat of arms]], new lighting and replacement of escalators. This work was completed in 1997, partially funded by the [[City of London Corporation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/bank-station-modernisation/|title=Bank Station modernisation plaque|website=London Remembers|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

===New Bloomberg entrance, 2010s===
In the late 2010s, a new entrance was constructed at [[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg's]] new [[Bloomberg London|London headquarters]] on Walbrook, near {{stl|London Underground|Cannon Street}} station,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.londonreconnections.com/2012/bank-station-part-1-the-forgotten-upgrade/|title=Bank Station Part 1: The Forgotten Upgrade|work=London Reconnections|date=August 2012}}</ref> providing direct access to the [[Waterloo & City line]] via four new escalators and two lifts – providing step-free access to that line for the first time. First announced in 2008,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Transport for London strikes a bargain basement deal|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2008/february/transport-for-london-strikes-a-bargain-basement-deal|date=29 February 2008|website=Transport for London|language=en-GB|access-date=29 May 2020}}</ref> construction began in November 2015 following delays due to the financial crisis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2015/november/bank-station-work-starts-on-a-new-entran|title=Bank station: work starts on a new entrance|date=5 November 2015|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> The new entrance was opened on 30 November 2018, and was officially opened by Mayor of London [[Sadiq Khan]] and former Mayor of New York [[Michael Bloomberg]] in December 2018.<ref name="TfLentrance-2018">{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2018/december/new-waterloo-and-city-line-entrance-relieves-congestion-at-bank-station|title=New Waterloo & City line entrance relieves congestion at Bank station|date=12 December 2018|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Roman panels at Bank station (46596077924).jpg|thumb|Etched glass panels by artist [[John Hutton (artist)|John Hutton]]]]
The new entrance incorporates etched glass panels by artist [[John Hutton (artist)|John Hutton]], depicting 66 figures based on the ancient Roman history of the area, including the [[London Mithraeum|Roman Temple of Mithras]]. The artwork was originally completed in 1962 on Bucklersbury House, the post war office building previously located on the site.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://recclesia.com/our-work/bucklersbury-house-london|title=Bucklersbury House, City of London|website=recclesia.com|access-date=12 April 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613131908/https://recclesia.com/our-work/bucklersbury-house-london|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Station upgrade and expansion ==
Between 2003 and 2014, demand at the Bank–Monument station complex rose by over 50% to 337,000 customers per day.<ref name="TfLTWA-2014" /> The station complex was also rated the Underground's worst station in passenger surveys.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 April 2013 |title=Bank is 'most disliked' Tube station |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-22265099 |access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

According to [[Transport for London]], "areas of the station [were] close to 'saturation' point, where day-to-day demand overwhelms capacity". Unlike other congested stations such as [[Oxford Circus tube station|Oxford Circus]], passengers could not be held back at station entrances during peak times to avoid overwhelming the station, as around half of the passengers are interchanging between lines.<ref name="TfLimprovements">{{Cite web |title=Improvements and Projects – Bank & Monument |url=https://www.tfl.gov.uk/travel-information/improvements-and-projects/bank-and-monument |access-date=12 April 2020 |website=Transport for London |language=en}}</ref> The narrow passageways, pinch points, spiral staircases and indirect routes between lines exacerbated the high demand on the station. Some parts of the station operated "one way", with staff directing passengers on longer routes to increase the capacity of the station.<ref name="TfLTWA-2014" />Given these issues, the station complex was substantially upgraded between 2016 and 2023, increasing capacity by 40%, at a cost of around £700{{nbsp}}million.<ref name="Lydall-20230227" /> The overall project – incorporating twelve new escalators, two new lifts and two moving walkways – included:<ref name="TfLimprovements" /><ref name="Lydall-20210712">{{Cite web|last=Lydall|first=Ross|date=12 July 2021|title=Northern line section to close as Bank station gets £700m upgrade|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/northern-line-bank-station-upgrade-tfl-london-underground-tube-b945288.html|url-status=live|access-date=15 August 2021|website=[[Evening Standard]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712125531/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/northern-line-bank-station-upgrade-tfl-london-underground-tube-b945288.html |archive-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref>

* A new southbound platform for the [[Northern line]] and conversion of the existing southbound platform to passenger circulation space.
* New direct passenger tunnel with [[moving walkway]]s connecting the Northern line and [[Central line (London Underground)|Central line]].
* New escalators between the Northern line and the DLR
* A new station entrance and ticket hall on [[Cannon Street]], just east of [[St Mary Abchurch]], with new escalators and step-free access to the Northern line and DLR.
* Modernising the station to comply with contemporary fire and evacuation standards.
[[File:cmglee Bank Underground platform.jpg|thumb|The curved Central line platform at Bank, showing the {{convert|1|ft|cm|adj=on}}{{cn|date=August 2025}} [[platform gap|gap]] between the train and the platform edge (delineated by the solid white line)]]
Owing to the severe curvature of the Central line platforms, there is a substantial gap between the train and the platform. Because of this, no step-free access was included in the upgrade plan, as the cost would be prohibitive and the solution would be difficult for passengers to use.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Sadiq |date=12 February 2020 |title=Bank Central Line Step Free |url=https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/bank-central-line-step-free |access-date=12 April 2020 |website=Mayor's Question Time |language=en}}</ref>

TfL described the construction of the project as "intricate and complicated", with over 30 [[listed building]]s in the historic City of London located above the tunnels.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2022 |title=Northern line Bank branch to re-open on Monday 16 May following completion of latest works |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2022/may/northern-line-bank-branch-to-re-open-on-schedule-on-monday-16-may-following-completion-of-latest-works |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=Transport for London |language=en-GB |quote=Much of the work completed for the project has been intricate and complicated, with 31 listed buildings at street level above the new tunnels, and foundations for other buildings that had to be tunnelled through.}}</ref> The new southbound Northern line tunnel was dug from a worksite on [[King William Street, London|King William Street]], using the underground spaces left over from the closed [[King William Street tube station]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 July 2019|title=Bank station upgrade construction reaches half-way stage|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2019/july/bank-station-upgrade-construction-reaches-half-way-stage|access-date=12 April 2020|website=Transport for London|language=en}}</ref> Former running tunnels have previously been used as circulation space at [[Angel tube station|Angel]] and [[London Bridge station|London Bridge]] stations.

As part of the development of the scheme, TfL worked with potential bidders to improve the design of the station from TfL's original design.<ref name="SECBE-2014">{{Cite web |date=September 2014 |title=Innovative Contractor Engagement |url=https://www.secbe.org.uk/content/panels/Report%20-%20Innovative%20Contractor%20Engagement%20Procurement%20Model%20-%20Bank%20Station%20Capacity%20Upgrade-6d5f2a.pdf |access-date=28 October 2022 |website=SECBE |publisher=[[London Underground]] |archive-date=1 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901053521/https://www.secbe.org.uk/content/panels/Report%20-%20Innovative%20Contractor%20Engagement%20Procurement%20Model%20-%20Bank%20Station%20Capacity%20Upgrade-6d5f2a.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The design proposed in the winning bid by [[Dragados]] was 9.7% cheaper than the original design (saving TfL £60{{nbsp}}million), took ten months less time to construct than the original design (the proposed closure of the Northern line was also five weeks shorter), and the layout of the station was more efficient.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dragados UK. Tunnel project. |url=https://www.dragados.co.uk/html/tunnelProject.html?new=8 |access-date=28 October 2022 |website=www.dragados.co.uk}}</ref> This improved the [[benefit–cost ratio]] by 45%, from 2.4:1 to 3.5:1.<ref name="SECBE-2014" />{{rp|54}}

=== Progress ===
Following consultations in the early 2010s,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2010/december/major-new-scheme-proposed-to-ease-congestion-at-bank-station|title=Major new scheme proposed to ease congestion at Bank station|date=20 December 2010|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2014/may/exhibition-and-consultation-on-bank-stn-upgrade-pla|title=Exhibition and consultation on Bank Stn upgrade plans|date=27 May 2014|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> and a [[Transport and Works Act 1992|Transport and Works Act Order]] in 2015,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2015/december/major-upgrade-of-bank-tube-station-gets-the-green-light-for-work-to-begin|title=Major upgrade of Bank Tube station gets the green light for work to begin|date=18 December 2015|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> construction of the new Northern line tunnel began in April 2016, and was estimated to take six years. By July 2019, the project had reached the halfway stage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2019/june/bank-station-upgrade-construction-reaches-half-way-stage|title=Bank station upgrade construction reaches half-way stage|date=1 July 2019|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> By October 2020, the majority of tunnelling work, around {{Convert|1.3|km|mi|1|abbr=}}, had been completed, with around 200,000 tonnes of material excavated from beneath the City.<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 October 2020|title=Tunnelling complete at Bank Tube station|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2020/october/tunnelling-complete-at-bank-tube-station|access-date=29 October 2020|website=[[Transport for London]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Horgan|first=Rob|date=29 October 2020|title=Tunnelling complete on Bank station upgrade|url=https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/tunnelling-complete-on-bank-station-upgrade-29-10-2020/|access-date=29 October 2020|magazine=New Civil Engineer|language=en}}</ref> By July 2021, installation of escalators was underway, as well as preparation work to connect to the new Northern line tunnels in 2022.<ref name="Lydall-20210712" /><ref name="CityAM-20210713">{{Cite web|date=13 July 2021|title=Check your hub: All of the Northern Line station closures in 2022|url=https://www.cityam.com/bank-branch-of-northern-line-to-be-shut-for-four-months-from-january/|access-date=15 August 2021|website=CityAM|language=en-GB}}</ref> From January until mid May 2022, the [[Northern line#Bank branch|Northern line]] through Bank was closed<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 January 2022|title=REMINDER: Planned 17-week closure of Northern line's Bank branch starts this weekend|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2022/january/reminder-planned-17-week-closure-of-northern-line-s-bank-branch-starts-this-weekend|url-status=live|access-date=14 January 2022|website=Transport for London|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113110235/https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2022/january/reminder-planned-17-week-closure-of-northern-line-s-bank-branch-starts-this-weekend |archive-date=13 January 2022 }}</ref> – this was required to allow the existing line to be connected to the new running tunnels, convert the previous southbound platform to a new passenger concourse, as well as final fit-out and integration works throughout the expanded station complex.<ref name="CityAM-20210713" /><ref name="Lydall-20210712" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bank Station Capacity Upgrade Tunnelling Completes! {{!}} Dr. Sauer & Partners |url=https://www.dr-sauer.com/news/bank-station-capacity-upgrade-tunnelling-completes |access-date=29 March 2022 |website=www.dr-sauer.com}}</ref>

[[File:Bank Capacity Upgrade - Northern line platforms 32.jpg|thumb|The new southbound platform for the Northern line]]
On 15 May 2022, the new Northern line southbound platform and concourse was opened, the first part of the station expansion open to the public.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Calder |first=Simon |date=15 May 2022 |title=Northern Line through City of London restored a day early |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/northern-line-open-city-bank-b2079559.html |access-date=16 May 2022 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> On 13 October 2022, new escalators connecting the DLR and the Northern line opened.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Horgan |first=Rob |date=13 October 2022 |title=Bank Station upgrade achieves 'vital' milestone |url=https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/bank-station-upgrade-achieves-vital-milestone-13-10-2022/ |access-date=28 October 2022 |magazine=New Civil Engineer |language=en}}</ref> On 28 October 2022, a [[moving walkway]] between the Central and Northern lines was opened.<ref name="CityAM-20221028">{{Cite web |date=28 October 2022 |title='Quicker and easier' journeys at Bank as TfL unveils new interchange route |url=https://www.cityam.com/quicker-and-easier-journeys-at-bank-as-tfl-unveils-new-interchange-route/ |access-date=28 October 2022 |website=CityAM |language=en-GB}}</ref> These new connections cut the time taken to interchange between lines, as well as expanding the capacity of the station.<ref name="CityAM-20221028" /> On 27 February 2023, the project was completed with the opening of the new Cannon Street entrance, as well as lifts providing step-free access to the Northern line and improving the step-free access to the DLR.<ref name="Lydall-20230227">{{Cite web |last=Lydall |first=Ross |date=27 February 2023 |title=Seven-year, £700m transformation of Bank station opens |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/bank-station-works-opening-northern-line-sadiq-khan-city-b1063269.html |access-date=27 February 2023 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Topham |first=Gwyn |date=27 February 2023 |title=Final piece in £700m overhaul of Bank tube station in London opens to public |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/feb/27/final-piece-in-700m-overhaul-of-bank-tube-station-in-london-opens-to-public |access-date=2 March 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The station has 27 escalators, the most of any station on the Underground.<ref name="Lydall-20230227" /> In September 2024, the upgrade project won an industry award, with judges describing it as "an extremely successful major project, in an extremely challenging circumstances at an extremely challenging location”.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 September 2024 |title=NRA Major Project of the Year 2024: TfL for Bank Station upgrade |url=https://www.railmagazine.com/features-1/nra-major-project-of-the-year-2024-tfl-for-bank-station-upgrade |access-date=24 September 2024 |website=RAIL Mazagine |publisher= |page=70 |language=en |quote=All in all, this is an extremely successful major project, in an extremely challenging circumstances at an extremely challenging location |location=}}</ref>

== Ticket halls and entrances ==
[[File:Cannon Street entrance to Bank station on opening day.jpg|thumb|Cannon Street entrance, which opened in 2023]]
Following the opening of the Cannon Street entrance in 2023, the station complex has sixteen entrances and five ticket halls,<ref name="TfLTWA-2014" /><ref name="Lydall-20230227" /> the most of any station on the Underground.<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 June 2016|title=Stations public entrances and exits – a Freedom of Information request to Transport for London|url=https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/stations_public_entrances_and_ex|access-date=7 September 2020|website=WhatDoTheyKnow|language=en}}</ref>

* Bullring (Central line) ticket hall, located underneath [[Bank Junction]].
* Lombard Street (Northern line) ticket hall, located under [[Lombard Street, London|Lombard Street.]]
* Monument ticket hall, located under Monument Street adjacent to the [[Monument to the Great Fire of London]], serving the [[District line|District]] & [[Circle line (London Underground)|Circle]] lines.
* Walbrook ticket hall, at [[Bloomberg London]], serving the [[Waterloo & City line]].<ref name="TfLentrance-2018" />
* Cannon Street ticket hall, on [[Cannon Street]] located just east of [[St Mary Abchurch]].<ref name="Lydall-20230227" />

== Notable events ==
On 11 January 1941, during [[the Blitz]], 56 people were killed and 69 were seriously injured when a German bomb hit the booking hall, with the blast travelling down the stairs and escalators to the platforms. The crater, measuring {{convert|120|x|100|ft|m}}, was covered with a [[Bailey bridge]] for the traffic to pass over. The station itself was closed for two months.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nickcooper.org.uk/subterra/lu/tuaw.htm|title=The Underground at War|website=www.nickcooper.org.uk|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/memorials/item/memorial/73934|title=Bank Tube Station Blitz|website=Imperial War Museums|language=en|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

On 7 September 2003, Bank station was used for a disaster training exercise, ''Exercise Osiris'', billed as "the most realistic live disaster exercise of its kind". The event, lasting several hours and involving about 500 police, fire brigade, ambulance and London Underground personnel, was intended to prepare the emergency services for [[mass decontamination]] in the event of a chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear attack.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/3086116.stm|title=London undergoes terror test|date=September 2003|access-date=26 July 2013|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Muir |first=Hugh |date=5 September 2003 |title=London Tube test for terror gas attack |url=http://www.theguardian.com/society/2003/sep/05/terrorism.disasterresponse |access-date=28 October 2022 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref>

==Connections==
A large number of [[London Buses]] routes serve the station complex day and night.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/bank-a4-170723.pdf|title=Buses from Bank|date=17 July 2023|website=TfL|access-date=2 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/monument-and-cannon-street-a4-170723.pdf|title=Buses from Monument and Cannon Street|date=17 July 2023|website=TfL|access-date=2 August 2023|archive-date=2 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802102421/https://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/monument-and-cannon-street-a4-170723.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/city-of-london-night-a4-170723.pdf|title=Night buses from City of London|date=17 July 2023|website=TfL|access-date=2 August 2023}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Bank and Monument stations}}
* {{webarchive |title=A diagram of the Bank/Monument station complex |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418024846/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/clive.billson/tubemaps/ltbank.gif |date=18 April 2016}}
* {{webarchive |title=Another diagram (in colour) |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418024846/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/clive.billson/tubemaps/ltmonu.jpg |date=18 April 2016}}
* {{webarchive |title=History of Bank station, including a picture just after the 1941 bomb |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418024828/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/clive.billson/tubemaps/Bank%20Station%20After%20a%20Direct%20Hit.html |date=18 April 2016}}
* [https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/photographs London Transport Museum Photographic Archive]
** {{LTM archive|1998-59434|C&SLR Lombard Street entrance in front of St Mary Woolnoth, 1914}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-44015|C&SLR King William Street entrance in front of St Mary Woolnoth, 1914}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-59433|Entrances in front of Royal Exchange, 1914}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-81308|Entrance in front of Royal Exchange, 1923}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-79031|Ticket hall showing steel support structure and tops of escalators, 1925}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-63523|Ticket hall, 1933}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-84808|View of bomb crater, January 1941}}

{{Adjacent stations
|header1=Bank station
  |system2=London Underground
    |line2=Central|left2=St Paul's|right2=Liverpool Street
    |line3=Northern|left3=Moorgate|right3=London Bridge|type3=Bank
    |line4=Waterloo & City|left4=Waterloo|note-mid4=Mondays to Fridays only
  |system5=Docklands Light Railway
    |line5=dlr|right5=Shadwell|type5=Bank–Lewisham
    |line6=dlr|right6=Shadwell|type6=Bank–Woolwich Arsenal
|header7=Monument station
  |system8=London Underground
    |line8=Circle|left8=Cannon Street|right8=Tower Hill|type8=section 3
    |line9=District|left9=Cannon Street|right9=Tower Hill|type9=Upminster
|header10=Former services
  |system11=London Underground
    |line11=District|left11=Cannon Street|right11=Mark Lane|note-mid11=(1884–1967)
}}

{{navboxes|title=Lines calling at Bank and Monument stations|list1=
 {{Central line navbox}}
 {{Circle line navbox}}
 {{District line navbox}}
 {{Northern line navbox}}
 {{Waterloo & City line navbox}}
 {{Docklands Light Railway}}
}}
{{Transport in London}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bank-Monument station}}
[[Category:Central line (London Underground) stations]]
[[Category:Northern line stations]]
[[Category:Circle line (London Underground) stations]]
[[Category:District line stations]]
[[Category:Docklands Light Railway stations in the City of London]]
[[Category:Waterloo & City line stations]]
[[Category:London Underground Night Tube stations|Bank station]]
[[Category:Tube stations in the City of London]]
[[Category:Former Metropolitan and Metropolitan District Joint Railway stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1884]]
[[Category:Former City and South London Railway stations]]
[[Category:Former Central London Railway stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1900]] <!-- C&SLR, CLR -->