View source for BMPT Terminator

{{Short description|Russian armored fighting vehicle}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Redirect|BMPT|the art group|BMPT (art group)}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name               = BMPT Terminator
| image              = [[File:Tank support combat vehicle "Terminator".jpg|300px]]
| image_size         = 300
| caption            = Tank support combat vehicle "Terminator-1" during the "Armiya 2020" exhibition
| origin             = [[Russia]]
| type               = Fire Support Combat Vehicle (Tank support combat vehicle)<br>[[Missile tank]]
| is_vehicle         = yes
| service            = 2011–present
| used_by            = [[Russia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Algeria]],
| wars               = {{tree list}}
*[[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]
**[[Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url= https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-war-russia-moving-the-terminator-around-city-ahead-of-expected-assault-says-military-expert-12616092 |title= Ukraine war: Russia moving the 'Terminator' around city ahead of expected assault, says military expert |website=Sky News |date=18 May 2022 |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>
**[[Battle of the Svatove-Kreminna line]]
{{tree list/end}}
| designer           = [[Uralvagonzavod|Ural Transport Engineering Design Bureau]]
| design_date        = 1998–2002
| manufacturer       = [[Uralvagonzavod]]
| unit_cost          = 
| number             = 33 built and 30 active as of December 2023
| production_date    = 2002–present
| variants           = [[#BMPT-72_Terminator_2|BMPT-72]]
| spec_label         = BMPT
| weight             = {{convert|48|t|ST LT|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| length             = {{convert|7.2|m|ftin|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| width              = {{convert|3.37|m|ftin|abbr=on}}{{efn|Width across the tracks}}<br>{{convert|3.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}{{efn|Width across the broad screens}}
| height             = {{convert|1.94|m|ftin|abbr=on}}{{efn|Height of hull excluding the turret}}<br>{{convert|3.44|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| crew               = 5
| armour             = Combination of [[composite armor]], [[reactive armor]] and steel
| primary_armament   = 4× 130 mm [[9M120 Ataka|Ataka-T GWS]] launchers<br>2× 30 mm [[2A42]] autocannons (850 rounds)
| secondary_armament = 2× 30 mm [[AGS-17|AG-17D]] or 2x [[AGS-30]] grenade launchers (600 rounds)<br>1× 7.62 mm [[PKTM]] machine gun (2,000 rounds)
| engine             = V-92S2 diesel engine
| engine_power       = 1,000 [[horsepower|hp]] (736 [[kW]])
| pw_ratio           = 20.4 [[hp/tonne]] (15.0 kW/tonne)
| transmission       = 
| suspension         = [[Torsion bar]]
| clearance          = {{convert|406|mm|in|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| fuel_capacity      = {{convert|1200|L|USgal|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| vehicle_range      = ≥{{convert|550|km|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| speed              = ≥{{convert|60|km/h|abbr=on|lk=on}}
}}

The '''BMPT "Terminator"''' ({{lang|ru|Боевая машина поддержки танков}} – Tank Support Fighting Vehicle)<ref name="urlBMPT Tank Support Combat Vehicle - Army Technology">{{cite web |url=https://www.army-technology.com/projects/bmpt-vehicle/ |title=BMPT Tank Support Combat Vehicle – Army Technology |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902011823/https://www.army-technology.com/projects/bmpt-vehicle/ |archive-date=2 September 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref> is an [[armored fighting vehicle]] (AFV), designed and manufactured by the Russian company [[Uralvagonzavod]]. This vehicle was designed for supporting tanks and other AFVs in [[urban warfare|urban areas]]. The BMPT is unofficially named the "Terminator" by the manufacturers. It is heavily armed and armored to survive in urban combat. The AFV is armed with four [[9M120 Ataka]] missile launchers, two 30&nbsp;mm [[2A42]] autocannons, two [[AGS-17|AG-17D]] grenade launchers, and one coaxial 7.62&nbsp;mm [[PKTM]] machine gun.

The BMPT is built on the chassis of the widely used [[T-72]] main battle tank. The BMPT was designed based on combat experience gained during the [[Soviet–Afghan War]] and the [[First Chechen War]]. Multiple prototypes of a tank support combat vehicle were created prior to the design of the current BMPT. The Object 199 "Ramka" was the prototype later to be designated the modern BMPT with the official producer being [[Uralvagonzavod]]. By late 2013, the only operator of the BMPT was [[Kazakhstan]].

A small number were delivered to the [[Russian Ground Forces]] for evaluation beginning in 2005. The Russian Defence Ministry finally ordered the BMPT in August 2017.{{cn|date=December 2020}} Deliveries of more than 10 vehicles were begun in early 2018. On 1 December 2021, the first BMPT company of nine combat vehicles was introduced into one of the tank regiments of the tank division of the Central Military District.<ref>{{cite news |title=The first full-time company BMPT Terminator was formed in the tank division of the Central Military District |url=https://structure.mil.ru/structure/okruga/centre/news/more.htm?id=12396571 |work=Mil.ru (in Russian) |date=1 December 2021 |access-date=2 December 2021 |archive-date=2 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202060655/https://structure.mil.ru/structure/okruga/centre/news/more.htm?id=12396571 |url-status=live }}</ref> The version, unofficially dubbed the "Terminator-3", incorporates the chassis, hulls, and components of the [[T-14 Armata]] tank.<ref>[https://armyrecognition.com/weapons_defence_industry_military_technology_uk/first_bmpt_tank_support_vehicle_delivered_in_2018_to_russian_army.html First BMPT tank support vehicle delivered in 2018 to Russian army] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121072250/https://armyrecognition.com/weapons_defence_industry_military_technology_uk/first_bmpt_tank_support_vehicle_delivered_in_2018_to_russian_army.html |date=21 January 2018 }} – Armyrecognition.com, 17 January 2018</ref>

Examples of an "upgraded" version of the BMPT-72 are participating in the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], first observed during the [[Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)|battle of Sieverodonetsk]] in [[Ukraine]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/putin-terminator-tanks-donbas-ukraine-b2082484.html |title=Putin unleashes Terminator tanks |website=The Independent |date=19 May 2022 |access-date=19 May 2022}}</ref><ref name="auto"/>

==Design history==
[[File:Evstafiev-Chechnya-BURNED.jpg|thumbnail|left|During the [[Battle of Grozny (1994–95)]], it was evident that [[infantry fighting vehicles]], like the [[BMP-2]] (pictured), did not have sufficient protection for urban combat.<ref name=narod />]]
The history of the BMPT's development can be traced back to the [[Soviet–Afghan War]]. Combat experience during the lengthy war revealed that [[infantry fighting vehicles]] (IFVs) like the [[BMP-1]] and [[BMP-2]] cannot fully deal with infantry, despite the BMP-2's high gun elevation. Although [[main battle tanks]] (MBTs) possessed a high amount of firepower, the limited elevation and depression angles of the main gun made them easy targets in mountainous and urban terrain. It was evident that a new vehicle concept was needed. In the 1980s, the [[Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant]] began designing prototypes for the new concept, early prototypes being '''Object 781''', '''Object 782''', and '''Object 787'''. The main requirements for this new machine were to possess large firepower, high angles of elevation and depression, and protection equivalent to that of an MBT. An additional requirement that was meant to supplement the latter was enhanced protection from close-range hand-held RPGs.<ref name=narod />

The need for such a vehicle became even more evident during the [[First Chechen War]]. When using conventional armor during urban engagements, Russian forces suffered heavy losses in manpower and equipment, including the destruction of an entire mechanized brigade during the [[First Battle of Grozny]]. While these losses cannot be entirely blamed on technology, it became clear that a dedicated anti-personnel fighting vehicle would provide valuable assistance in an urban environment. Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns were used as a temporary solution in [[Chechnya]]. However, these vehicles were not well-armored and did not possess the obstacle-clearing capabilities of an MBT.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Grau|first1=Lester W.|title=Russian-Manufactured Armored Vehicle Vulnerability in Urban Combat: The Chechnya Experience|journal=Red Thrust Star|date=January 1997|url=https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/row/rusav.htm|access-date=17 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217193108/http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/row/rusav.htm|archive-date=17 December 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

There have been several different prototype designs of a tank support fighting vehicle, like the '''Object 193A''' and the '''Object 745'''. A mock-up of the '''Object 199''' was shown for the first time in public during the summer of 2000. This vehicle was slightly different from the current design, being armed with only a single [[2A42]] 30&nbsp;mm gun and with four [[9M133 Kornet]] missiles located on one side of the turret. The production model of the BMPT was introduced in 2002 and featured twin 30&nbsp;mm autocannons, two independent 30&nbsp;mm automatic grenade launchers, and four Ataka missile launchers.<ref name=narod>{{cite web|title=BMPT "Ramka-99"|url=http://btvt.narod.ru/3/bmpt.htm|website=btvtnarod.ru|access-date=5 August 2014|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824034814/http://btvt.narod.ru/3/bmpt.htm|archive-date=24 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Mission==
When used in urban terrain, each main battle tank is to be deployed with two BMPTs. Outside of [[urban warfare]] that ratio is reversed with one BMPT protecting two main battle tanks.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rossiyskaya armiya vooruzhitsya tyazhelym "Terminatorom"|url=http://lenta.ru/news/2005/03/15/terminator/|access-date=5 August 2014|work=LƐNTA·RU|date=15 March 2005|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810064200/http://lenta.ru/news/2005/03/15/terminator/|archive-date=10 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> This results from the complexity of fighting in urban terrain and the need for a versatile anti-personnel platform that can engage multiple targets at once and on different height levels. The introduction of such a vehicle makes urban fighting less stressful on MBTs and can relieve them of some of the workload so that they can concentrate on their main objective of engaging other tanks and hardened targets. The BMPT's armor protection is equal to that of an MBT and its powerful armaments allow it to engage virtually any enemy formation while operating in a common battle formation. Thanks to the multiple weapons systems found on the BMPT, this vehicle is able to fire at multiple targets simultaneously.<ref name=narod /> These features significantly help increase the combat effectiveness of tank units and decrease their losses from enemy close-combat assets.<ref name=fare.be />

==Description==
===Armament===
The armament includes an unmanned turret<ref name="urlBMPT-72 Terminator 2 tank support armoured fighting vehicle">{{cite web |url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_armoured_vehicle_uk/bmpt-72_terminator_2_tank_support_armoured_fighting_vehicle_technical_data_sheet_specifications.html |title=BMPT-72 Terminator 2 tank support armoured fighting vehicle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223171043/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_armoured_vehicle_uk/bmpt-72_terminator_2_tank_support_armoured_fighting_vehicle_technical_data_sheet_specifications.html |archive-date=23 December 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref> armed with: 
* four launchers for the 130&nbsp;mm [[9M120 Ataka|9M120 Ataka-T]] anti-tank guided missile (ATGM)
* two 30&nbsp;mm [[2A42]] with 850 rounds
* either two [[AGS-17|AG-17D]] or two [[AGS-30]] 30&nbsp;mm grenade launchers with 600 rounds
* one 7.62&nbsp;mm [[PKTM]] machine gun with 2,000 rounds

====Anti-tank guided weapons====
{{further|9M120 Ataka}}
The BMPT uses the Ataka missile to defeat heavily armored vehicles like tanks (shaped charge), infantry (thermobaric warhead) or aircraft ([[continuous-rod warhead]]). These missiles are carried only within their launchers, without any additional ones stowed away. A pair of ATGM launchers is located on each side of the turret. These launchers have an elevation of up to +25° and depression down to −5°.<ref name=uvz.ru>{{cite web|title=UralVagonZavod – Boyevaya mashina ognevoy podderzhki Terminator|url=http://uvz.ru/product/70/39|website=UralVagonZavod|access-date=5 August 2014|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625054318/http://uvz.ru/product/70/39|archive-date=25 June 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Laser beam riding]] [[SACLOS]] is the method of guidance used by the Terminator's ATGMs. The original 9M120 Ataka missile is 130&nbsp;mm in diameter and features a tandem warhead capable of defeating explosive [[reactive armor]] (ERA). The tandem warhead penetrates 800&nbsp;mm of [[Rolled homogeneous armor]] (RHA) behind ERA with later variants capable of penetrating 950&nbsp;mm of RHA after ERA. The anti-personnel variant (9M120F) contains a [[thermobaric]] warhead and yields a blast effect of 9.5&nbsp;kg in TNT equivalence.<ref name=airu>{{cite web|title=9M120 ATAKA-B|url=http://www.airwar.ru/weapon/aat/ataka.html|website=airwar.ru|access-date=5 August 2014|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121131906/http://www.airwar.ru/weapon/aat/ataka.html|archive-date=21 November 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=va /> This missile's average speed for all variants is 400&nbsp;m/s when reaching a target located 5.8&nbsp;km from the launcher for a flight time of 14.5 seconds. The 9M120 has an operational range of up to 6&nbsp;km{{efn|According to the [[Degtyarev plant]], the operational range is actually up to 5800 m for the 9M120 and 9M120F variants<ref name=va>{{cite web|title=V.A. Degtyarev Plant: 9M120 (9M120F) Ataka Missile|url=http://zid.ru/eng/products/90/detail/212|website=Open Joint Stock Company V.A. Degtyarev Plant|access-date=5 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803072116/http://zid.ru/eng/products/90/detail/212|archive-date=3 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>}} and travels at a supersonic speed of 550&nbsp;m/s.<ref name=airu />

====Autocannons====
{{further|30 mm automatic cannon 2A42}}
The main weapons of BMPT are the two 30&nbsp;mm [[2A42]] [[autocannon]]s. A total of 850 rounds of ready-to-use [[ammunition]] can be carried. These twin autocannons have a combined fire rate of 600 rounds per minute, which gives a continuous fire time of 85 seconds (1 min 25 sec) before running out of ammo (not considering the constraints that limit the practical rate of fire, such as barrel overheating). Traverse of the autocannons is synchronised with the turret and they can elevate between −5° and +45°. The twin 2A42s are stabilized in the vertical and horizontal planes.<ref name=uvz.ru /> One of the guns fires armor-piercing rounds while the other fires anti-personnel rounds. A wide range of ammunition is used by the 2A42 autocannon and they include: [[High Explosive]]-[[Tracer ammunition|Tracer]] (HE-T), [[Armor-piercing discarding sabot]] (APDS), [[High Explosive]] [[Fragmentation (weaponry)|Fragmentation]] (HE-FRAG) and [[Armor-piercing shot and shell|Armor-Piercing]]-Tracer (AP-T). These rounds have effective ranges between 2,500&nbsp;m and 4,000&nbsp;m depending on the variant. The muzzle velocity of the projectiles is 960&nbsp;m/s.<ref>{{cite web|title=KBP Instrument Design Bureau – 2A42|url=http://www.kbptula.ru/en/productions/small-arms-guns-grenade-launchers/guns-machine-guns/2a42|website=KBP Instrument Design Bureau|access-date=5 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407001447/http://www.kbptula.ru/en/productions/small-arms-guns-grenade-launchers/guns-machine-guns/2a42|archive-date=7 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> A 7.62&nbsp;mm [[PKTM]] machine gun is mounted coaxially with the main armament and holds 2,000 rounds.<ref name=narod />

====Grenade launchers====
{{further|AGS-17}}{{further|AGS-30}}
A pair of either [[AGS-17]]D or [[AGS-30]] grenade launchers<ref name="urlBMPT Tank Support Combat Vehicle | Military-Today.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.military-today.com/tanks/bmpt.htm |title=BMPT Tank Support Combat Vehicle &#124; Military-Today.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009211337/http://www.military-today.com/tanks/bmpt.htm |archive-date=9 October 2018 |url-status=usurped  }}</ref> are carried, one located on each side of the BMPT, and operated by a single crew member. A total of 600 rounds of 30&nbsp;mm grenades are carried for both grenade launchers. There is no reloading for the grenade launchers because each one holds 300 rounds in a single belt.<ref name=narod /> Only vertical stabilization is provided for the grenade launchers. The horizontal angles that the AG-17Ds can cover are from 5° (to the left) to 27° (to the right) for the right grenade launcher and from 27° (to the left) and 5° (to the right) for the left grenade launcher. The maximum vertical elevation is +20° and the minimum is −5.5°.<ref name=uvz.ru /> The muzzle velocity is 185&nbsp;m/s and the fire rate is 420–480 rds/min, which gives a continuous fire time (both barrels combined) of 37–43 seconds before running out of ammo (not considering the constraints that limit the practical rate of fire, such as barrel overheating). An effective range of 1,700&nbsp;m is provided while the kill radius of the 30&nbsp;mm grenades is seven meters.<ref>{{cite web|title=AG-17 30mm Automatic Genade Launcher – Minotor-Service, Minsk, Belarus|url=http://www.minotor-service.com/en/ag-17-30mm-automatic-grenade-launcher.html|website=Minotor Service|access-date=5 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808045250/http://www.minotor-service.com/en/ag-17-30mm-automatic-grenade-launcher.html|archive-date=8 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Automatic grenade launcher operators are equipped with the "Agat-MR" day/night independent stabilized sights.<ref name=narod />

====Fire control system====
[[File:BMPT at Engineering Technologies 2012 (8).jpg|thumbnail|The commander's panoramic sight (located on the roof) gives the BMPT hunter-killer capabilities by continuously scanning targets for the gunner.<ref name=narod />]]
To enable the BMPT to engage targets in both day and night conditions and when the BMPT is stationary or moving, a computerized fire-control system is fitted. The sight of the gunner includes a thermal channel, an optical channel, a guided ATGM channel, and a laser rangefinder. The field of view sight has an independent stabilization in two planes. The sights provide detection of targets at ranges up to 7,000&nbsp;m in poor weather conditions.<ref name=narod /> The commander's B07-K1 panoramic sight is located at the top of the BMPT and has a 360° field of view. This panoramic sight has optical, low-level laser rangefinder and television channels. The B07-K2 standard gunner's sight consists of optical and thermal channels and a laser rangefinder. The vehicle also has hunter-killer capabilities with its separate commander's panoramic sight and gunner's sight which can detect both ground and aerial targets. The gunner is able to use the commander's sight to engage targets if his own sight is disabled or destroyed. The commander of the vehicle also has the ability to override the command to take control of the turret and guns from the gunner. The navigation system used by the BMPT is a combined [[GPS]]/[[GLONASS]] module.<ref name=narod />

===Protection===

The Terminator possesses a System 902A automatic smoke grenade launcher on both sides of the turret which serves as camouflage and provides protection against guided weapons.<ref name=fare.be /> When the screening system warns the crew of laser tracking, a smoke screen is created by the launch of grenades. Special attention was paid to the survivability of the BMPT and its crew. Certain measures were taken to ensure this like placing the fuel tanks in a sealed housing compartment and fastening the seats towards the roof in case of a mine penetration.<ref name=fare.be /> There are additional fuel tanks located in the rear of the hull in an armored compartment on the left fender. The vehicle is equipped with an automatic fire fighting system to fight any fires that will ignite within the vehicle.

Armor is reinforced with 3rd generation "Relikt" ERA on the frontal armor and both sides of hull and turret, slat (cage) armor in the rear. Missile launchers are reinforced by armored shields, protecting them from splinters and small arms fire. Weapon station is only armored against small arms fire.

===Mobility===
The maximum speed of the vehicle is 60&nbsp;km/h over highways and a cruising range of 550&nbsp;km with external fuel tanks. The BMPT can cross a trench that's as long as 2.7 ± 0.1&nbsp;m and overcome vertical obstacles as high as 0.85&nbsp;m. Like the T-72, the transmission of the engine is manual with seven gears for forward and one gear for reverse. The maximum gradient for the BMPT is 30° and 25° when climbing forwards and travelling along a side respectively. Fording capabilities are provided by the BMPT. It can cross water obstacles with a depth of 1.2&nbsp;m without preparation and 1.8&nbsp;m with five minutes of preparation. When installed with a snorkel kit, this vehicle is able to cross rivers up to five meters in depth.<ref name=uvz.ru />

===Crew and life support===
The rear of the driver's compartment, at the front of the vehicle, has been raised, providing greater internal volume. It uses proven elements from those fitted to the [[T-90]] MBT.<ref name=fare.be>{{cite web|title=BMP-T Russian Military Analysis|url=http://warfare.be/?linkid=1785&catid=245|website=warfare.be|access-date=5 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930181607/http://warfare.be/db/linkid/1785/catid/245/|archive-date=30 September 2013}}</ref> The Terminator has a crew of five which consists of: a vehicle commander, a driver, a gunner, and two grenade launcher operators. [[NBC protection]] is provided to the crew to ensure survival against radiation, chemical and biological weapons. As an option, the BMPT can be fitted with mine-clearing devices such as the KMT-7 or KMT-8 mine sweepers. T-72 tanks can be also converted into BMPT.<ref name=fare.be />

==BMPT-72 Terminator 2==
'''BMPT-72 "Terminator 2"''' is an improvement over its predecessor. It is made from a T-72 hull where the turret is replaced with a "Terminator" module and armament.<ref name="tanknutdave">{{cite web|url=http://tanknutdave.com/russian-bmpt72-terminator-2/|title=The Russian BMPT-72 Terminator 2|website=TankNutDave.com|access-date=9 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011400/http://tanknutdave.com/russian-bmpt72-terminator-2/|archive-date=2 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Terminator 2 version of Russian BMPT infantry support vehicle unveiled at REA 2013|url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/september_2013_defense_industry_military_news_uk/terminator_2_a_new_version_of_russian_bmpt_infantry_support_vehicle_unveiled_at_rea_2013_1609131.html|access-date=5 August 2014|work=Army Recognition|date=16 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930004305/http://www.armyrecognition.com/september_2013_defense_industry_military_news_uk/terminator_2_a_new_version_of_russian_bmpt_infantry_support_vehicle_unveiled_at_rea_2013_1609131.html|archive-date=30 September 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>  The Terminator 2 can be effectively used to destroy enemy tanks, armored personnel carriers and other armored assets, and to suppress enemy firing emplacements and infantry using grenade launchers and antitank weapons systems.<ref name="t-2">{{cite web |title=TERMINATOR 2 – UralVagonZavod |url=http://uralvagonzavod.com/products/special_products/49/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803091257/http://uralvagonzavod.com/products/special_products/49/ |archive-date=3 August 2014 |access-date=5 August 2014 |website=UralVagonZavod }}</ref> Unlike the Terminator 1 however, the Terminator 2 is a [[Retrofitting|retrofit]] only package, with old T-72B or T-72M tanks being upgraded to BMPT-72 standard. The Terminator 2 is aimed at the export market (in particular as part of [[Offset agreement|offset deals]]).

The conversion process of the obsolete vehicles can be undertaken at the customer facilities.<ref name="jane">{{cite news |last1=Foss |first1=Christopher |last2=Williams |first2=Huw |date=26 September 2013 |title=RAE 2013: Terminator 2 makes its debut |work=Jane's |url=http://www.janes.com/article/27603/rae-2013-terminator-2-makes-its-debut |url-status=live |access-date=5 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052724/http://www.janes.com/article/27603/rae-2013-terminator-2-makes-its-debut |archive-date=8 August 2014 }}</ref>

===Armament and FCS===
The two automatic grenade launchers are removed along with its operators, reducing the crew to three;<ref name=jane /><ref name=t-2 /> the number of munitions for the Ataka missiles, 2A42 autocannons, and PKTM machine gun remains unchanged. A new and improved FCS is installed in the BMPT-72.<ref name="reco72">{{cite web |title=BMPT-72 Terminator 2 Tank support armoured fighting vehicle |url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_armoured_vehicle_uk/bmpt-72_terminator_2_tank_support_armoured_fighting_vehicle_technical_data_sheet_specifications.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815041110/http://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_armoured_vehicle_uk/bmpt-72_terminator_2_tank_support_armoured_fighting_vehicle_technical_data_sheet_specifications.html |archive-date=15 August 2014 |access-date=5 August 2014 |website=Army Recognition }}</ref> The ballistic computer is electronic and fully digital with a set of weather and topographical sending units.<ref name=t-2 />

[[Air burst]] munitions are under development for BMPT and other Russian military vehicles.<ref name="urlRussias Military Built a Terminator And Now Its Getting Smart Weapons">{{cite web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/russia-military-terminator-will-get-new-smart-weapons-989577 |title=Russia's Military Built a 'Terminator' And Now It's Getting Smart Weapons |website=[[Newsweek]] |date=21 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008095840/https://www.newsweek.com/russia-military-terminator-will-get-new-smart-weapons-989577 |archive-date=8 October 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref><ref name="urlUVZ to unveil modernized BMP-1 with 2A72 cannon at Army 2018 | August 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year">{{cite web |url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/august_2018_global_defense_security_army_news_industry/uvz_to_unveil_modernized_bmp-1_with_2a72_cannon_at_army_2018.html |title=UVZ to unveil modernized BMP-1 with 2A72 cannon at Army 2018 &#124; August 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry &#124; Defense Security global news industry army 2018 &#124; Archive News year |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819183713/https://www.armyrecognition.com/august_2018_global_defense_security_army_news_industry/uvz_to_unveil_modernized_bmp-1_with_2a72_cannon_at_army_2018.html |archive-date=19 August 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

===Protection===
Although the weight of the new BMPT is reduced by four metric tonnes, its level of protection isn't lower than that of its predecessor.<ref name=t-2 /> The Terminator 2's length and width is reduced compared to the original Terminator. The BMPT-72 has a height of 3.33&nbsp;m and a width of 3.6&nbsp;m while the Object 199 Ramka had a height of 3.44&nbsp;m and a width of 3.8&nbsp;m. Additional [[slat armor]] is fitted on the rear and sides of the chassis to increase protection against rocket propelled grenades. Missile launchers for the Ataka missiles are fitted with extra armor to provide protection against splinters and small arms fire.<ref name=reco72 /> [[CBRN]] protection is provided for the crew members and is collective.<ref name=t-2 /> A type R-168-25UE-2 radio is installed on board the Terminator 2.<ref name=t-2 />

===Mobility===
The mobility of the BMPT-72 does not differ significantly from the original BMPT.<ref name=t-2 />

An auxiliary diesel [[Auxiliary power unit|APU]] is also fitted that allows to keep most of the functions activated while the main engine is off. Two options are available, a small 5 kW DGU-5-P27 5-VM1 and a 8 kW DGU-8-P27 5-VM1.

=="Terminator 3"==

BMPT ("Terminator 3") – is a new design model of ''Tank Support Fighting Vehicle'' based on the [[Armata Universal Combat Platform]] with a crew of 3 or 4. Possible armament would be one or two 57 mm autocannons (ammo storage problem), 4x ATGM Sprinter, 2x AGS-40 Balkan automatic grenade launchers, one or two 7.62 mm PKTM machine guns. It will have an automatic [[gun turret]] [[RCWS]] and in the future may have integrated [[air defense]] systems and be fully [[unmanned]].<ref name="rbth">{{cite web|url=https://www.rbth.com/science-and-tech/328545-will-russias-terminator-become-robots|title=Will Russia's 'Terminator' battle machines become fully robotic? – Russia Beyond|website=rbth.com|date=18 June 2018|access-date=9 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703215429/https://www.rbth.com/science-and-tech/328545-will-russias-terminator-become-robots|archive-date=3 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Armata is powered by a new generation 1,500 hp [[multifuel]] diesel engine coupled with a [[Hydro-mechanical transmission|hydro-mechanical]] automatic transmission (unlike the two predecessors), with a maximum road speed of 65–70 km/h (40–43 mph), an operational range of 550 km (340 mi), and a [[power-to-weight ratio]] of over 30 hp/tonne.{{cn|date=June 2022}}

==Operational history==
===Russian invasion of Ukraine===
The BMPT was first deployed by Russia in Ukraine on 18 May 2022, according to [[RIA Novosti]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/bmpt-terminator-makes-combat-debut-in-ukraine |title=BMPT Terminator makes combat debut in Ukraine |website=Janes |author=Miko Vranic |date=18 May 2022 |access-date=11 February 2023}}</ref> The BMPTs deployed to Ukraine appear to have been fitted with [[AGS-17]] grenade launchers.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-deploys-terminator-ukraine/31859993.html |title=What Is The Russian 'Terminator' Spotted In Ukraine? |website=rferl  |date=20 May 2022 |access-date=11 February 2023}}</ref> With only around 10 BMPTs in service, they have a  limited impact on the war.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=10 December 2022 |title=The Russian Army's Terminator Vehicles Are Heavily Armed, Highly Protected ... And Far Too Few To Matter |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2022/12/10/the-russian-armys-terminator-vehicles-are-heavily-armed-highly-protected--and-far-too-few-to-matter/?sh=58e0618a35a0 |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=Forbes}}</ref> They were first observed during the [[Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)|battle of Sieverodonetsk]] in [[Ukraine]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> In late May 2022, footage emerged of 2 BMPTs in action with Russian tanks during an offensive on Lysychansk, the armored group took positions on a hill and began shelling a highway below but was forced to retreat due to Ukrainian artillery fire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian BMPT "Terminator" Had to Flee Their First Combat in Ukraine {{!}} Defense Express |url=https://en.defence-ua.com/events/russian_bmpt_terminator_had_to_flee_their_first_combat_in_ukraine-3089.html |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=en.defence-ua.com |language=en}}</ref>

Of the approximately 10 BMPTs deployed, there is footage of 1 being destroyed and 2 being damaged in Ukraine. On 9 February 2023, a BMPT was destroyed by Ukrainian artillery near [[Kreminna]], Luhansk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shoaib |first1=Alia |date=11 February 2023 |title=Ukraine claims its first kill of Russia's 'Terminator' armored vehicle, believed to be one of Putin's most advanced weapon systems |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-claims-first-kill-of-russias-prized-terminator-armored-vehicle-2023-2 |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=Insider}}</ref> In July 2023, the Russian 3rd Army Corps released footage of a Terminator using its [[Shipunov 2A42|30mm autocannon]] and [[9M120 Ataka|Ataka]] anti-tank missiles at night.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian BMPT "Terminator" Had to Flee Their First Combat in Ukraine {{!}} Defense Express |url=https://en.defence-ua.com/events/russian_bmpt_terminator_had_to_flee_their_first_combat_in_ukraine-3089.html |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=en.defence-ua.com |language=en}}</ref> Later in August 2023, a second BMPT was damaged or destroyed by Ukrainian kamikaze drones near [[Spartak, Donetsk Raion|Spartak]], Donetsk Oblast; a [[T-80]] was also hit by a kamikaze drone while towing the BMPT away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A video appears to show Ukraine's drones destroying a Russian 'Terminator' in the second confirmed loss of the prized armored vehicle |url=https://www.businessinsider.in/international/news/a-video-appears-to-show-ukraines-drones-destroying-a-russian-terminator-in-the-second-confirmed-loss-of-the-prized-armored-vehicle/articleshow/102700079.cms |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=Business Insider}}</ref> A third one was hit by a crowdfunded kamikaze drone in September 2023; a [[T-72 operators and variants|BREM-1]] [[armoured recovery vehicle]] attempting to recover the BMPT was also reportedly destroyed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Serhiy |first=Prytula |title=FPV-дронами, які були куплені за ваші кошти, бійці групи «MUTANT» ЦСО «А» СБУ нашинкували ворожу піхоту, вразили бойову машину «Тєрмінатор» та спалили БРЕМ. |url=https://twitter.com/serhiyprytula/status/1707051994366497034 |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian over-armored BMP-T Terminator still defeated by Ukraine {{!}} Ukraine – Russia conflict war 2022 {{!}} analysis focus army defence military industry army |url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/ukraine_-_russia_conflict_war_2022/russian_over-armored_bmp-t_terminator_still_defeated_by_ukraine.html |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=www.armyrecognition.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitzer |first1=Stijn |last2=Janovsky |first2=Jakub |title=Attack On Europe: Documenting Russian Equipment Losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine |url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/02/attack-on-europe-documenting-equipment.html#:~:text=%C2%A01%C2%A0BMPT%20Terminator%3A%C2%A0(1%2C%20destroyed) |website=Oryx |publisher=Oryxspioenkop |access-date=9 February 2023}}</ref>

According to journalist and military expert Oleksandr Kovalenko, a BMPT Terminator was reportedly either destroyed or damaged in the [[Kurakhove]] direction in late October 2024, if true marking the first loss of such a vehicle in a year. <ref name="y932">{{cite web | title=Unique Russian BMPT Terminator-2 reportedly destroyed | website=Espreso Global | date=27 October 2024 | url=https://global.espreso.tv/russia-ukraine-war-unique-russian-bmpt-terminator-2-reportedly-destroyed-in-kurakhove-direction | access-date=8 November 2024}}</ref>

==Operators==
[[File:BMPT Terminator Operator Map 24.10.2023.png|thumb|400x400px|Map with BMPT Terminator operators in blue]]

===Current operators===
;{{ALG}}
*[[People's National Army (Algeria)|People's National Army]] – In April 2016, Russia and Algeria concluded an agreement for the delivery of 300 Russian "Terminators". Deliveries started in 2018.<ref name="pravdareport">{{cite web|url=http://www.pravdareport.com/russia/economics/08-09-2017/138629-terminator-0/|author=Dmitry Sudakov|website=pravdareport.com|title=Israel and Syria fight for Russian meat-grinding 'Terminator'|date=8 September 2017|access-date=9 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810042311/http://www.pravdareport.com/russia/economics/08-09-2017/138629-terminator-0/|archive-date=10 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Algeria acquiring BMPT armoured vehicles from Russia|url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49188:algeria-acquiring-bmpt-armoured-vehicles-from-russia&catid=50:Land&Itemid=105|website=Defence Web|access-date=11 September 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170911144542/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49188:algeria-acquiring-bmpt-armoured-vehicles-from-russia&catid=50:Land&Itemid=105|archive-date=11 September 2017|date=11 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 2023, over 13 have been delivered.<ref>The Military Balance, 2023, p.315</ref>
;{{KAZ}}
*[[Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan]] – 10 BMPT units were ordered in 2010 and delivered by Russia from 2011 to 2013.<ref name="sipri">{{cite web |title=SIPRI Arms Transfers Database |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=14 April 2010 |access-date=5 August 2014 |website=Stockholm International Peace Research Institute }}</ref> In 2012, an additional 30 BMPTs were selected but may have not yet been ordered by late 2013.<ref name="sipri" /> As of early 2014, in addition to the purchase of the vehicles, licensed assembly will be implemented with a number of techniques from kits supplied by Russia. This dual production between UralVagonZavod and Kazakhstan was scheduled to open by 2015.<ref>{{cite news |date=10 April 2014 |title=BMPT razrabotki Uralvagonzavoda mogut sobirat'sya v Kazakhstane |language=ru |work=VPK News |url=http://vpk-news.ru/news/19898 |url-status=live |access-date=5 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413160119/http://vpk-news.ru/news/19898 |archive-date=13 April 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=10 April 2014 |title=Vypusk BMPT "Terminator" startuyet v Kazakhstane v 2015 godu |language=ru |work=Novosti Kazakhstana |url=http://newskaz.ru/economy/20140410/6355878.html |url-status=live |access-date=5 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515210243/http://www.newskaz.ru/economy/20140410/6355878.html |archive-date=15 May 2014 }}</ref>
;{{RUS}}
*[[Russian Ground Forces]] – The first contract was signed in 2017.<ref name="mil">{{cite web |title=Russian Army Ordered Latest TSCVs Terminator and T-90M Tanks |url=http://mil.today/2017/Weapons77/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810042345/http://mil.today/2017/Weapons77/ |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=9 August 2018 |website=mil.today }}</ref> Deliveries started in March 2018.<ref name="ria">{{cite web |date=27 March 2018 |title=Партию бронемашин "Терминатор-2" передали Минобороны для участия в параде – РИА Новости, 27.03.2018 |url=https://ria.ru/arms/20180327/1517378563.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810042320/https://ria.ru/arms/20180327/1517378563.html |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=9 August 2018 |website=ria.ru }}</ref>

===Failed bids===
;{{AZE}}
*[[Azerbaijani Land Forces]] – At the DEX 2014 defence exhibition in Baku, [[Rosoboronexport]] proposed an in-depth modernization of the current T-72 tanks to the Tank Support Combat Vehicle configuration. Azeri President [[Ilham Aliyev]] expressed interest in the "Terminator-2" along with the [[Ka-52]] "Alligator" helicopter.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Novichkov|first1=Nikolai|title=Baku expresses interest in Ka-52 and BMPT-72 'Terminator 2'|url=http://www.janes.com/article/43242/baku-expresses-interest-in-ka-52-and-bmpt-72-terminator-2|access-date=21 September 2014|work=Jane's|date=18 September 2014|location=Baku|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922070327/http://www.janes.com/article/43242/baku-expresses-interest-in-ka-52-and-bmpt-72-terminator-2|archive-date=22 September 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
;{{PER}}
*[[Peruvian Army]] – Uralvagonzavod proposed a solution for modernization of old Russian made [[T-55]]s by installing the turret of the BMPT. The land forces of the Peruvian army wanted to purchase a new main battle tank in late 2013. According to Uralvagonzavod, the engine, transmission, and suspension of T-55 tank should not be changed if the upgrade takes place. It is also possible to upgrade the powerpack and suspension to increase the level of mobility.<ref>{{cite news|title=Russian Company Uralvagonzavod offers to upgrade Peruvian T-55 tank with BMPT Terminator turret|url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/july_2013_news_defence_security_industry_military/russian_company_uralvagonzavod_offers_to_upgrade_peruvian_t-55_tank_with_bmpt_turret_0507131.html|access-date=5 August 2014|work=Army Recognition|date=5 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107070106/http://www.armyrecognition.com/july_2013_news_defence_security_industry_military/russian_company_uralvagonzavod_offers_to_upgrade_peruvian_t-55_tank_with_bmpt_turret_0507131.html|archive-date=7 January 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
{{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
* {{ill|BMPT Strazh|uk|БМПТ «Страж»}}
* [[T-62#Algeria|BMPT-62]]: Algerian fire support vehicle developed from T-62
* [[T-54/T-55_operators_and_variants#Peru|T-55 Fire Support]]: Conversion kit for [[T-54/T-55|T-55]] with the BMPT turret
* [[Type 59 tank#Domestic_models|QN-506]] Chinese fire support vehicle developed from [[Type 59 tank|Type 59]]
* [[T-15 Armata]]: Russian heavy infantry fighting vehicle
* [[Hunter AFV]]: A networked-capable Singapore Army armored fighting vehicle
* [[IDF Achzarit|Achzarit]]: An Israeli [[armored personnel carrier]] (APC) based on the [[T-55]] chassis
* [[BTR-T]]: A Russian heavy [[infantry combat vehicle]] based on the T-55 chassis
* [[Namer]]: An Israeli APC based on the [[Merkava IV]] chassis
* {{ill|BMPV-64|ru|БМПВ-64}}: A Ukrainian heavy [[infantry combat vehicle]] based on the T-64 chassis
}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book | last=Hackett | first=James | author2=International Institute for Strategic Studies | title=The military balance. 2023 | publication-place=London | date=2023 | isbn=978-1-003-40022-6 | oclc=1372013483}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Terminator tank support combat vehicle}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140625061534/http://uvz.ru/product/70/67 UralVagonZavod – Boyevaya mashina ognevoy podderzhki Terminator-2]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150204084745/http://chtz-uraltrac.com/catalog/items/20.php Diesel engine B-84 – Chelyabinsk tractor plant (ChTZ)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131125143813/http://chtz-uraltrac.com/catalog/items/19.php Diesel engine B-94 C2 – Chelyabinsk tractor plant (ChTZ)]
*{{YouTube|id=Rg5_X5yyc60|title=Meet! Russia's Terminator tank support combat vehicles mounted on the chassis of the T-72 tank}}
*{{YouTube|id=EYiwK7o3Trw|title=стрельбы БМПТ Рамка}}

{{PostWWIISovietAFVS}}

{{Tanks converted to armored vehicles}}

[[Category:Armoured fighting vehicles of the post–Cold War period]]
[[Category:Armoured fighting vehicles of Russia]]
[[Category:Fire support vehicles]]
[[Category:Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s]]
[[Category:Tracked armoured fighting vehicles]]
[[Category:Uralvagonzavod products]]