View source for BBC BASIC

{{Short description|Version of the BASIC programming language}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}

{{Infobox programming language
| name =
| logo =       <!-- (filename) -->
| logo caption = 
| collapsible = <!-- to make screenshot collapsible -->
| screenshot = <!-- (filename) -->
| screenshot caption = 
| sampleCode =
| paradigm =   <!-- or: | paradigms = -->
| family =  
| designer =   <!-- or: | designers = -->
| developer =  Acorn Computers Ltd
| released =   {{Start date and age|1981}}
| latest release version = 
| latest release date = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| latest preview version = 
| latest preview date = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| typing = 
| memory management =
| scope = 
| programming language = 
| discontinued = 
| platform = BBC Microcomputer (6502)<br>Acorn Archimedes (ARM)<br>Acorn RISC PC (ARM / StrongARM)
| operating system = Acorn 6502 MOS<br>Acorn RISC OS
| license = 
| file ext = 
| file format = <!-- or: | file formats = -->
| website =     hide
| implementations = 
| dialects = 
| influenced by = 
| influenced = 3rd Party ports to MS Windows<br>Continuing ARM support by 3rd Parties
}}

'''BBC BASIC''' is an [[Interpreted Language|interpreted]] version of the [[BASIC]] programming language. It was developed by [[Acorn Computers Ltd]] when they were selected by the [[BBC]] to supply the computer for their [[BBC Literacy Project]] in 1981.

It was originally supplied on an installed [[ROM]] for the [[BBC Microcomputer]] which used a [[6502 microprocessor]]. When Acorn produced the [[Acorn Archimedes|Archimedes]] computer which used their [[ARM architecture family|ARM]] processor, further versions of BBC BASIC were produced. Acorn included a built in [[assembly language|assembler]], first for the 6502 and later for the [[ARM2]] processor.

Initially the BBC specified compatibility with [[Microsoft BASIC]]. Acorn were already extending their earlier [[Atom BASIC]] to include [[structured programming]] constructs. Particularly on the later Archimedes computers as the memory constraints reduced, BBC BASIC incorporated a more complete set of structured programming constructs commonly found in the [[ALGOL 60]] group of computer languages.

Alongside Acorn's version of BBC BASIC on the Archimedes, third party companies produced [[compiled]] versions of the language. Development and support has continued after the demise of Acorn Computers Ltd for newer ARM based computers. BBC BASIC is now available on other platforms either for [[emulators]] such as on [[Microsoft Windows]] or natively.

==History==

===Precursor languages===
At [[Dartmouth College]], two mathematics professors<ref>{{cite web |title=Event History |url=https://www.dartmouth.edu/basicfifty/events.html |publisher=Dartmouth College |access-date=7 January 2024}}</ref> wanted all students to be able to program on their new college computer. The existing high-level languages, like [[FORTRAN]] and [[COBOL]], were used by professionals and not really suitable for introductory programming by non-technical users. In 1964, they created [[Dartmouth BASIC]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Dartmouth College BASIC Instruction Manual |url=https://www.dartmouth.edu/basicfifty/basicmanual_1964.pdf |publisher=Dartmouth College |access-date=7 January 2024}}</ref> (short for ''Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code'') to be a computer language anyone could use. Having a formula-based [[syntactic]] structure, it is a simplified FORTRAN.<ref name=personal/>

A combination of factors led to BASIC becoming a major language in the late 1960s, and in the 1970s when the first [[microcomputer]]s were being built, it was already the ''de facto'' standard for small systems. The introduction of the [[Altair 8800]] cemented the position of BASIC as the first programming language introduced for the platform was [[Paul Allen]] and [[Bill Gates]]' [[Altair BASIC]]. As new micros were introduced, almost all of them ran some variation of BASIC as its primary interface.<ref name=personal>{{cite web |last1=McCracken |first1=Harry |title=Fifty years of BASIC, the programming language that made computers personal |url=https://time.com/69316/basic/ |access-date=7 January 2024 |date=29 April 2014}}</ref>

===BBC's involvement===
During the 1970s, the BBC Continuing Education Department was considering how advancements in computer related technology would impact British society. Their Microelectronics Report<ref name="Microelectronics_Report">{{cite web |title=Microelectronics Report |url=https://clp.bbcrewind.co.uk/media/BBC-Microelectronic-government-submission.pdf |publisher=BBC Continuing Education Department |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> in 1979 to the  [[Manpower Services Commission]] describes formally their concerns about increasing polarisation and alienation in the workplace.

The BBC required a [[microcomputer]] usable for demonstrations in their programming that could be purchased by the general public to enable the viewer to themselves experiment. They decided that such a microcomputer needed to be robust, have expansion capabilities and an implementation of BASIC compatible with [[BASIC A|Microsoft BASIC VN5]].<ref name="BBC_Microcomputer_Spec">{{cite web |title=BBC Microcomputer Specification |url=https://www.bbcbasic.co.uk/bbcbasic/beebspec.html |publisher=BBC |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref>

Jointly the government and the BBC established a public awareness and education campaign. This Computer Literacy Project (1980-1989)<ref name="Computer_Literacy_Project">{{cite web |title=Computer Literacy Project |url=https://clp.bbcrewind.co.uk/history |publisher=BBC |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> used the BBC's choice of the [[BBC Microcomputer]] produced by [[Acorn Computers Ltd]]. BBC BASIC was central to the user programming experience.

===Acorn's involvement===
Acorn first developed System BASIC and [[Atom BASIC]] for their early [[6502]] microprocessor computers<ref>{{cite web |author1=Ian Sinclair |title=Atomic Research |url=https://www.flaxcottage.com/ComputingToday/8104.pdf |publisher=Computing Today |access-date=21 January 2024 |pages=21–24 |date=April 1981}}</ref> that were sold to kit-build customers. With the development of the Proton as a [[front-end processor]], Acorn were designing for more powerful computing.

In order to produce a computer to satisfy the BBC specification, the Proton became the BBC Microcomputer, usable as a stand alone computer. By retaining the capability to be connected to a [[Z80]] computer, Acorn was able to comply with the requirement of a computer supporting [[CP/M]].<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC Micro ignites memories of revolution |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7307636.stm |publisher=BBC News |access-date=21 January 2024 |date=21 March 2008}}</ref>

[[Sophie Wilson]] developed the implementations of BASIC at Acorn.<ref name="Purdy-2023">{{Cite web |last=Purdy |first=Kevin |date=2023-11-29 |title=BBC BASIC remains a remarkable learning tool, and now it's available everywhere |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2023/11/bbc-basic-keeps-evolving-and-now-you-can-run-it-on-nearly-any-platform/ |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref> The dialect on the BBC Microcomputer became compatible with Microsoft BASIC and so was acceptable to the BBC. It already had features from the ALGOL 60 group of computer languages that Wilson added to enable some structured programming methodology to be used.

==Platforms and versions==
===BBC Micro===
{{Main|BBC Micro}}
[[File:Hard reset BBC Micro 32K Acorn DFS.gif|thumb|BASIC prompt on the BBC Micro after switch-on or hard reset]]
The full version list is available here:<ref>[https://mdfs.net/Software/BBCBasic/Versions BBC BASIC version list]</ref>

BASIC I, the original version, was shipped on early [[BBC Micro]]s.

BASIC II was used on the [[Acorn Electron]] and BBC Micros shipped after 1982, including the Model B. It added the <code>OPENUP</code> and <code>OSCLI</code> keywords, along with offset assembly and bug fixes.<ref name="homecomputeradvancedcourse52">{{ cite magazine | url=https://archive.org/details/The_Home_Computer_Advanced_Course_52/page/1037/mode/1up | title=The Old and the New | magazine=The Home Computer Advanced Course | publisher=Orbis Publishing Limited | issn=0265-2919 | date=1984 | access-date=11 May 2024 | issue=52 | pages=1037–1039 }}</ref>

BASIC III was produced in both a UK version and a United States market version for Acorn's abortive attempt to enter the cross-Atlantic computer market. Apart from a few bug fixes, the only change from BASIC II was that the <code>COLOUR</code> command could also be spelled <code>COLOR</code>: regardless of which was input, the UK version always listed it as <code>COLOUR</code>, the US version as <code>COLOR</code>. The main place that BASIC III can be found is as the HI-BASIC version for the external second processor.

BASIC IV, also known as CMOS BASIC, available on the [[BBC Master]] machines, was changed to use the new instructions available in the 65SC12 processor, reducing the size of the code and therefore allowing the inclusion of <code>LIST IF</code>, <code>EXT#</code> as a statement, <code>EDIT</code>, <code>TIME$</code>, <code>ON PROC</code>, | in <code>VDU</code> statements and faster floating point. Bug fixes were again included.

BASIC IV (1986) was a further improvement to BASIC IV, and was included on the Master Compact machine. The version of BASIC on the Compact included re-coded mathematical routines, said to provide a 30% speed increase over the version included in the rest of the Master series.<ref name="acornuser198610a">{{cite news |url=https://archive.org/details/AcornUser051-Oct86/page/n16/mode/1up |work=Acorn User |title=Taking the lid off the Master Compact |date=October 1986 |access-date=5 September 2020 |pages=15, 17–18}}</ref>

HI-BASIC was available in two versions, the first based on BASIC III, and the second based on BASIC IV. Both were built to run from a higher address (&B800) on the second processor, rather than the usual &8000 address on the BBC&nbsp;B. This allowed more program space to be available on either the external or internal 6502 second processors. A version was introduced to support a [[Zilog Z80]] second processor.<ref>{{cite book|title=A & B Computing|last=Smith |first=Bruce |date=November 1984 |publisher=Argus specialist Publications|location=London |page=6}}</ref>

Another version of BBC BASIC, called BAS128, was supplied on tape and disc with the BBC Master and Master Compact; it loaded into main RAM and used the 64&nbsp;KB of Sideways RAM for user programs. This provided support for much larger programs at the cost of being a lot slower than the normal ROM-based version.

The interpreter can deal with both BASIC and 6502 assembly language, which can be included between the [ and ] characters. This contributed to the system's popularity with industrial and research engineers.<ref name="edn marsh 2005">{{cite news | url=https://www.edn.com/design/integrated-circuit-design/4325360/FROM-EDN-EUROPE-ARM-targets-automotive-and-industrial-dominance | title=ARM targets automotive and industrial dominance | work=EDN Europe | date=5 December 2005 | access-date=1 August 2012 | author=Marsh, David}}</ref>

====Further details/determining BASIC version====
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2023}}
As the BBC&nbsp;MOS and RISC&nbsp;OS were usually supplied on ROM, it may be assumed that a specific release of the operating system contained a specific version of BASIC. As such, there is no simple way to determine ''which'' version of BASIC is actually running other than by enquiring the operating system identity and thus making an assumption.

{{quote frame|2=BASIC ROM USER GUIDE
|1=Note that all Electrons, and later BBC microcomputers, have BASIC2: the earlier BBC microcomputers have BASIC1. If you are not sure which version of BASIC is in your machine, typing REPORT after BASIC has started up (after a BREAK or *BASIC), will print the copyright message. If the date is 1981, BASIC1 is fitted; if it is 1982, you have BASIC2. American machines, or those with a second processor, may have US BASIC or HIBASIC: the ROM routines will not be in the same place for these ROMS.}}

See also [https://beebwiki.mdfs.net/INKEY#Check_machine_type BeebWiki] entry for INKEY.

On the BBC family, it is possible to run both the standard BASIC ''and'' an enhanced HIBASIC on the 6502 second processor. One may determine if the program is running on the second processor by examining the initial value of PAGE, it will be &800 if using the second processor. To distinguish between BASIC and HIBASIC, one should examine the initial value of HIMEM. This will be &8000 for BASIC running on the second processor, and &B800 for HIBASIC on the second processor.

A similar situation exists on [[RISC OS]] where there may be the normal BASIC or BASIC64 (which offers higher precision maths). Normal BASIC identifies itself as "BASIC V" and BASIC64 identifies itself as "BASIC VI", therefore the following (used before any error has occurred) will distinguish one from the other:

<syntaxhighlight lang="bbcbasic">IF INSTR(REPORT$,"VI") THEN PRINT "BASIC64" ELSE PRINT "BASIC"</syntaxhighlight>

There are better ways of doing this.{{according to whom|date=November 2023}} See the [https://beebwiki.mdfs.net/What_BASIC_is_running BeebWiki]. In almost all cases you shouldn't need to be testing for what BASIC or platform your program is running on, just make the call and read whatever returned data are returned and deal with it.{{Original research inline|date=November 2023}}

===Acorn Archimedes (RISC OS)===
{{Main|RISC OS}}
With the move to the 32-bit [[ARM architecture family|ARM]] CPU and the removal of the 16&nbsp;KB limit on the BASIC code size many new features were added.<ref>
{{Cite newsgroup
| title=BASIC V 1.02 versus 1.04 changes (for Richard LLoyd!)
| author=Roger Wilson
| date=3 July 1989
| newsgroup=eunet.micro.acorn
| message-id=807@acorn.co.uk
| url=https://groups.google.com/group/eunet.micro.acorn/browse_thread/thread/35385e5c11376a79/
| access-date=14 June 2011}}
</ref> BASIC V version 1.04 was 61&nbsp;KB long. Current{{When|date=December 2023}} versions of RISC OS still contain a BBC BASIC V interpreter. The source code to the [[RISC OS]] 5 version of BBC BASIC V has been released under the Apache 2.0 license by [[RISC OS Open]].

Amongst the new commands and features supported were:

* <code>[[While loop|WHILE-ENDWHILE]]</code>
* <code>IF-THEN-ELSE-ENDIF</code>
* <code>CASE-OF-WHEN-OTHERWISE-ENDCASE</code>,
* <code>RETURN</code> parameters in procedures,
* local arrays,
* procedure libraries (<code>LIBRARY</code>,<code>INSTALL</code> and <code>OVERLAY</code>),
* <code>LOCAL DATA</code> and <code>LOCAL ERROR</code> handlers,
* a relative <code>RESTORE</code>,
* [[Array data structure|array]] operations,
* new operators,
* <code>STEP TRACE</code>,
* Commands for the new sound system, mouse, graphics.

The graphics commands were entirely [[backwards compatible]], the sound less so; for example, the <code>ENVELOPE</code> keyword from BASIC V onwards is a command that takes fourteen numeric parameters and effectively does nothing— as in older versions, it calls OS_Word 8, but that does nothing on RISC OS.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://mdfs.net/Archive/BBCMicro/2006/11/19/185014.htm | title=Subject: Envelope command in Basic V }}</ref> The in-line 6502 assembler was replaced by an [[ARM architecture|ARM]] assembler. BASIC V was said, by Acorn, to be "certainly the fastest interpreted BASIC in the world" and "probably the most powerful BASIC found on any computer".

BASIC VI is a version of BASIC V that supports [[IEEE 754]] 8-byte format real numbers, as opposed to the standard 5-byte format introduced in BASIC I.

BBC BASIC V and VI were delivered as standard on the [[Acorn Archimedes]] and the [[RiscPC]]. A version of BBC BASIC V was also available to run on the [[Tube (BBC Micro)|ARM second processor]] for the BBC Micro.

A compiler for BBC BASIC V was produced by Paul Fellows, team leader of the Arthur OS development, called the Archimedes BASIC Compiler and published initially by DABS Press.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ABC - Archimedes BASIC Compiler - Software - Computing History |url=https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/47360/ABC-Archimedes-BASIC-Compiler/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=www.computinghistory.org.uk}}</ref> ABC was able to implement almost all of the language, with the obvious exception of the EVAL function, which inevitably required run-time programmatic interpretation. As evidence of its completeness, it was able to support inline assembler syntax. The compiler was written in BBC BASIC V. Many applications initially written to run under the interpreter benefitted from the performance boost that this gave, putting BBC BASIC V on a par with other languages for serious application development.

===Other platforms===
BBC BASIC has also been ported to many other platforms.<ref>[https://mdfs.net/bbcbasic/ BBC BASIC - MDFS::Software.$.BBCBasic<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

A [[NS320xx|NS32016]] version of BBC BASIC was supplied with the Acorn 32016 coprocessor and Acorn ABC.

In addition to the version of BBC BASIC supplied with the [[BBC Micro]]'s Zilog Z80 second processor, a Z80-based version of BBC BASIC also exists for [[CP/M]]-based systems. A Zilog Z80 version of BBC BASIC was also used on the [[Tiki 100]] desktop computer, [[Cambridge Z88]] portable and the [[Amstrad NC100]] Notepad and [[Amstrad NC100|Amstrad NC200]] Notebook computers. This version has been implemented on the [[TI-83 Plus]] and [[TI-84 Plus]] series [[graphing calculator]]s. Due to efforts of J.&nbsp;G. Harston (also responsible for a [[PDP-11]] version<ref>[https://mdfs.net/bbcbasic/PDP11/ BBC BASIC for PDP-11]</ref> updated as of 2025; implementing BBC BASICV IV and a few additions from BBC BASIC V extensions<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC BASIC for the PDP11 |url=https://mdfs.net/Software/PDP11/BBCBasic/Read2.me}}</ref>) a version of [https://mdfs.net/bbcbasic/Spectrum/ BBC BASIC] for the [[ZX Spectrum]] was released in January 2002, with many improvements made in subsequent releases.

BBC BASIC was also implemented for [[MS-DOS]] as ''BBCBASIC (86)'', which aimed for maximum compatibility with the BBC Micro, and ''BBasic'' with its own enhancements based on BASIC II.

A version of BBC BASIC integrated with the [[Windows]] [[graphical user interface]], [http://www.rtrussell.co.uk/products/bbcwin/bbcwin.html BBC BASIC for Windows] created by [[Richard T. Russell|Richard Russell]], developer of the Z80 and [[x86]] versions, was released in 2001. Whilst supporting nearly completely the original BBC BASIC specification (BASIC IV), the Windows version supports much of BASIC V/VI syntax as well as some advanced features of its own. Features unique to BBC BASIC for Windows include interpreter support for record/structure types, and the ability to call Windows [[API]] routines or those in an external [[Dynamic-link library|DLL]]. Recent versions have included advanced features comparable with languages like [[C (programming language)|C]], and an external [[library (computing)|library]] has recently added support for objects.

BBC BASIC for [[Simple DirectMedia Layer|SDL]] was also developed by Richard T. Russell, and is largely compatible with the previous BBC BASIC for Windows, sharing with that dialect many new and advanced features including data structures, PRIVATE variables, an EXIT statement, long strings, event interrupts, an address-of operator, byte variables, a line continuation character, indirect procedure and function calls and improved numeric accuracy. The first version was released in February 2019, and remains in active development {{As of|2025|09|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC BASIC for SDL 2.0|url=https://www.bbcbasic.co.uk/bbcsdl/index.html |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=bbcbasic.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=rtrussell |title=Commits · rtrussell/BBCSDL |url=https://github.com/rtrussell/BBCSDL |access-date=2025-10-10 |website=GitHub |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.bbcbasic.co.uk/bbcsdl/index.html BBC BASIC for SDL 2.0] supports Windows, MacOS, Linux, Raspberry Pi OS, Android, iOS and mobile devices supporting the SDL library,<ref name="Purdy-2023" /> as well as a version which allows the running of BBC BASIC programs as applets in a web-page via the Web Assembly framework. Programs can be run via the interpreter or compiled to a standalone application bundle which will run without BBC BASIC having to be installed (.exe file in Windows, .dmg file in MacOS, .zip file in Linux or Raspberry Pi OS and .apk file in Android). A high degree of compatibility with the BBC Microcomputer is also retained, including emulation of the SOUND and ENVELOPE statements, and the MODE 7 (teletext) screen mode. BBC BASIC for SDL 2.0 incorporates an assembler which depends on the CPU in the platform: x86 (32-bit or 64-bit) for Windows, MacOS or Linux; ARM (32-bit or 64-bit) for Raspberry Pi. In the case of Android the assembler is ARM or x86 as appropriate. Application Program Interface (API) functions can be accessed from BASIC and from assembler code, allowing an experienced programmer to produce sophisticated applications.

A [[GNU General Public License|GPL]] clone of BBC BASIC named ''Brandy'', written in portable [[C (programming language)|C]], is also available.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://jaguar.orpheusweb.co.uk/branpage.html | title=Brandy | access-date=6 July 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717080829/http://jaguar.orpheusweb.co.uk/branpage.html| archive-date= 17 July 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/brandy/ | title=Brandy Basic V Interpreter | access-date=6 July 2011}}</ref>  A fork of this, ''Matrix Brandy'', remains under active development.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://brandy.matrixnetwork.co.uk/ | title=Matrix Brandy BASIC VI | access-date=21 August 2023}}</ref>

An emulator of the BBC Micro for the [[Amiga]] was produced by Ariadne Software for [[Commodore International|CBM]] (UK). While extremely fast, it did not emulate the 6502 at full speed, so assembly code would run slower than a real BBC while BASIC programs would run much faster. Due to the way the optimised BASIC and the 6502 emulation interacted, almost no commercial games would run but well-behaved code and educational software generally worked. Additionally, it used a slightly less precise [[floating-point]] numeric format. For a while it was bundled with a special academic package of the [[Amiga 500]], in the hope that schools would replace their ageing BBC Bs with Amiga 500s.

A version of BBC BASIC V (Z80) has also been made for the TI-83/84+ [[Texas Instruments]] calculator families by Benjamin Ryves.

A [[Commodore 64]] version ''Shado'' was produced by a small software house Aztec Software in the early 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://mdfs.net/Software/BBCBasic/C64/ | title=Commodore 64 BBC BASIC - MDFS::Software.BBCBasic.C64 }}</ref> Patched versions of Acorn's 6502 based HI-BASIC have also been experimentally run on C64, with an interface to the C64 Kernel, replacing the Acorn MOS calls otherwise made.

There have also been efforts to make 6502 based version of BBC BASIC available on the [[Apple II]]. [https://github.com/bobbimanners/Applecorn Applecorn] being one such effort.

BBC BASIC is the programming language used in the Agon Light, an [[open-source]]d 8-bit [[Z80]]-based [[single-board computer]] and [[single-board microcontroller|microcontroller]] designed by Bernardo Kastrup and released in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Olimex Forks Bernardo Kastrup's Agon Light, Offers a Tweaked Z80 Single-Board Computer Design |url=https://www.hackster.io/news/olimex-forks-bernardo-kastrup-s-agon-light-offers-a-tweaked-z80-single-board-computer-design-356ee5f03afb |access-date=24 December 2022 |website=Hackster.io |language=en}}</ref>

==Sample code==
{{sxhl|2=bbcbasic|1=
REM Acorn Archimedes version
ON ERROR : ON ERROR OFF : PRINT REPORT$; " at line ";ERL : END
MODE MODE : REM clears the screen
PROC_triangle(700,700,500,200,500,900,"F")
END

DEF PROC_triangle(x1%,y1%,x2%,y2%,x3%,y3%,fill$)
LOCAL triangle_fill_plot_code%
triangle_fill_plot_code% = &55
MOVE x1%,y1%
DRAW x2%,y2%
IF fill$="F" THEN
PLOT triangle_fill_plot_code%,x3%,y3%
ELSE
DRAW x3%,y3% : DRAW x1%,y1%
ENDIF
ENDPROC : REM of PROC_triangle()
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.bbcbasic.org The home of BBC BASIC]
* [https://www.bbcbasic.org/products.html The home of BBC BASIC: Products]
* [https://mdfs.net/bbcbasic/ BBC BASIC per CPU/OS]
* [https://www.benryves.com/products/bbcbasic/ TI-83+ and TI-84+ implementation of BBC BASIC]
* [https://www.ncus.org.uk The Amstrad NC Users' Site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040927075114/http://www.pawbooks.co.uk/ Ebook programming guide with interfacing methods]
* [http://www.riscos.com/support/developers/bbcbasic/ BBC BASIC Reference Manual] (for RISC OS)
* [https://central.kaserver5.org/Kasoft/Typeset/BBC/Contents.html BBC microcomputer User Guide] (HTML)
* [http://bbc.nvg.org/doc/BBCUserGuide-1.00.pdf BBC microcomputer User Guide] (PDF)
* [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43940940/python-code-vs-bbc-basic-for-windows Python code vs BBC Basic for Windows]
* [https://cowlark.com/2019-06-14-bbcbasic-opensource/ R.T. Russell's Z80 BBC Basic is now open source] at [https://github.com/davidgiven/cpmish GitHub]

{{BASIC}}
{{BBC Computer Literacy Project}}
{{RISC OS}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bbc Basic}}
[[Category:BASIC programming language family]]
[[Category:BASIC programming language]]
[[Category:BASIC interpreters]]
[[Category:Acorn Computers]]
[[Category:RISC OS programming tools]]
[[Category:CP/M software]]
[[Category:Discontinued BASICs]]
[[Category:Programming languages created in 1981]]
[[Category:Programming languages created by women]]