View source for BBCH-scale (root and stem vegetable)

The '''BBCH-scale for root and stem vegetables''' identifies the [[phenology|phenological]] development stages of the root and stem vegetables such as [[carrot]], [[celeriac]], [[kohlrabi]], [[chicory]], [[radish]] and [[Rutabaga|swede]], using the [[BBCH-scale]].

{| class="wikitable" style="clear"
!Growth stage!!Code!!Description
|-
|  rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top"|0: Germination
|00 ||Dry seed
|-
|01 ||Beginning of seed imbibition
|-
|03 ||Seed imbibition complete
|-
|05 ||Radicle emerged from seed
|-
|07 ||Hypocotyl with cotyledons breaking through seed coat
|-
|09 ||Emergence: cotyledons break through soil surface
|-
|  rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top"|1: Leaf development (Main shoot)
|10 ||Cotyledons completely unfolded; growing point or true leaf initial visible
|-
|11 ||First true leaf unfolded
|-
|12 ||2nd true leaf unfolded
|-
|13 ||3rd true leaf unfolded
|-
|1 . ||Stages continuous till ...
|-
|19 ||9 or more true leaves unfolded
|-
|  rowspan="9" style="vertical-align:top"|4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts
|41 ||Roots beginning to expand (diameter > 0,5&nbsp;cm)
|-
|42 ||20% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|43 ||30% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|44 ||40% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|45 ||50% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|46 ||60% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|47 ||70% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|48 ||80% of the expected root diameter reached
|-
|49 ||Expansion complete; typical form and size of roots reached
|-
|  rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:top"|5: Inflorescence emergence
|51 ||Main shoot begins to elongate
|-
|53 ||30% of the expected height of the main shoot reached
|-
|55 ||First individual flowers of main inflorescence visible (still closed)
|-
|57 ||First individual flowers of secondary inflorescences visible (still closed)
|-
|59 ||First flower petals visible; flowers still closed
|-
|  rowspan="8" style="vertical-align:top"|6: Flowering
|60 ||First flowers open (sporadically)
|-
|61 ||Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open
|-
|62 ||20% of flowers open
|-
|63 ||30% of flowers open
|-
|64 ||40% of flowers open
|-
|65 ||Full flowering: 50% of flowers open
|-
|67 ||Flowering finishing: majority of petals fallen or dry
|-
|69 ||End of flowering
|-
|  rowspan="9" style="vertical-align:top"|7: Development of fruit
|71 ||First fruits formed
|-
|72 ||20% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|73 ||30% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|74 ||40% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|75 ||50% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|76 ||60% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|77 ||70% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|78 ||80% of fruits have reached typical size
|-
|79 ||Fruits have reached typical size
|-
|  rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top"|8: Rispening of fruit and seed
|81 ||Beginning of ripening: 10% of fruits ripe, or 10% of seeds of typical colour, dry and hard
|-
|85 ||50% of the fruits ripe, or 50% of seeds of typical colour, dry and hard
|-
|89 ||Fully ripe: seeds on the whole plant of typical colour and hard
|-
|  rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top"|9: Senescence
|92 ||Leaves and shoots beginning to discolour
|-
|95 ||50% of leaves yellow or dead
|-
|97 ||Plants or above ground parts dead
|-
|99 ||Harvested product (seeds)
|}

==References==
* {{cite journal
  | last = Feller
  | first =  C.
  |author2=H. Bleiholder |author3=L. Buhr |author4=H. Hack |author5=M. Hess |author6=R. Klose |author7=U. Meier |author8=R. Stauss |author9=T. van den Boom |author10=E. Weber
   | title = Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Gemüsepflanzen: I. Zwiebel-, Wurzel-, Knollen- und Blattgemüse.   | journal = Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd.
  | volume = 47
  | pages = 193–206
  | year = 1995
 }}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070127190103/http://www.bba.de/veroeff/bbch/bbcheng.pdf A downloadable version of the BBCH Scales]

[[Category:BBCH-scale]]