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{{Short description|Armored car of the Soviet Union}}
{{other uses|BA10 (disambiguation)}}
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{{Infobox weapon
|            name= BA-10
| image= Ba10 parola 1.jpg
| image_size = 200
|         caption=BA-10M armored car, displayed in [[Parola Tank Museum|Finnish Tank Museum]], Parola.
|origin={{flagcountry|Soviet Union|1936}}
|type=[[Armored car (military)|Armored car]]
|is_vehicle=yes
| used_by= {{flag|Soviet Union|1936}}<br> {{flag|Manchukuo}} (captured)<br> {{flag|Finland}} (captured)<br> {{flag|Nazi Germany}} (captured)<br>{{flag|Sweden}} (ex-Finnish)
| number= 3311
|            crew=4
|          length= {{convert|4.65|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|           width= {{convert|2.00|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|          height= {{convert|2.20|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|          weight= {{convert|5.14|tonnes|ST}}
|          armour= 6–15 mm
|         primary_armament= [[45 mm anti-tank gun M1932 (20-K)|45 mm gun 20-K]] (49 rounds)
|       secondary_armament= 2× 7.62 [[DT machine gun]]s (2079 rounds).
|          engine= GAZ-MM
|    engine_power= 50 hp (37 kW)
|      suspension= wheeled
|      speed= {{convert|53|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
|        pw_ratio=10 hp/tonne
|           vehicle_range= {{convert|300|km|mile|abbr=on}}
}}

The '''BA-10''' ({{langx |ru|Broneavtomobil 10|italic=yes}}) was an [[Armored car (military)|armored car]] developed in the [[Soviet Union]] in 1938 and produced through 1941. It was the most produced Soviet pre-1941 heavy armored car – 3311 were built in three versions.  These versions were the BA-10, the BA-10M (improved version with new radio), and the BA-10ZhD (equipped for dual railway/road use).  The basic BA-10 design was developed from the [[BA-3]] and [[BA-6]] heavy armored cars. It had an improved [[GAZ-AAA]] chassis and improved armor (up to 15mm at front and turret). It was intended that the BA-10 would be replaced in 1941 by the [[BA-11]] with diesel engine and more sophisticated armor design, but the outbreak of war prevented BA-11 production. The BA-10 was in Red Army service until 1945.  Significant numbers of captured BA-10s were used by [[Finland]] (at least 24, 3 of which were sold to Sweden<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lindström |first1=Rickard |title=Pansarbil m/31F |url=http://www.ointres.se/pansarbil_m_31f.htm |website=Ointres |access-date=12 May 2024 |ref=1}}</ref>), Germany and other [[Axis powers]] in Europe.

==Development==
During the late 1930s, Soviet armoured fighting vehicle designers incorporated [[sloped armor]] into all their new designs, and redesigned some existing vehicles to take advantage of it. The BA-10 used a slightly smaller, better-sloped armor layout than that of the BA-6, thus improving protection while saving weight. The greater engine power ({{convert|50|hp|kW|abbr=on}}, compared to {{convert|40|hp|kW|abbr=on}} on the BA-6) made the vehicle more reliable.

Like its predecessors, the BA-10 could be converted to a [[half-track]] by fitting auxiliary [[caterpillar track|tracks]] to the rear pair of dual tandem wheels. On early BA-10s, these tracks were stowed strapped on top of the fenders. Later vehicles had an enclosed stowage box for the tracks in the same location. The tracks were often fitted when the vehicle needed to move across snow or soft ground.

==In action==
The BA-10 first saw action against the Japanese in Manchuria at the [[Battle of Khalkhin Gol]] in 1939. Some were captured and later used by the [[Manchukuo]].<ref name="B&B69">{{cite magazine|language=fr|title=Le Blindorama: Mandchoukouo, 1932 - 1945|magazine=Batailles & Blindés|issue=48|date=October 2015|publisher=Caraktère|issn=1765-0828|first=Yann|last=Mahé|pages=4–7}}</ref> It was involved in all the Soviet Union's subsequent [[Soviet invasion of Poland|military]] [[Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union (1940)|operations]] and [[Estonia in World War II|campaigns]] of [[Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940|1939-1940]].

During [[World War II]] the BA-10 was used against the Germans on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]], but was rarely seen after the winter of 1941–42. Later in the war, the heavy [[reconnaissance|scouting]] role was taken over by light tanks such as the [[T-60]] and [[T-70]]. A few BA-10s were seen as late as 1943 on the [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] front.

Large numbers of captured BA-10s were used by [[Axis powers]] in Europe.
In May 1945 a few BA-10s of [[Russian Liberation Army|ROA]] fought alongside the defenders of the [[Prague uprising]].

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:SovietArmouredVehicle.jpg|Destroyed BA-10 after Khalkhin Gol, 1939
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-013-0068-18A, Polen, Treffen deutscher und sowjetischer Soldaten.jpg|Soviet officers and BA-10s in Lublin, Poland, 1939
File:Советский бронеавтомобиль БА-10 на площади Павших Борцов в Сталинграде.jpg|A BA-10 in Stalingrad, 1942
</gallery>

== References ==
;Notes
{{reflist}}
;Bibliography
*М. Коломиец. Броня на колёсах. История советского бронеавтомобиля 1925–1945. — Москва: Яуза, Стратегия КМ, Эксмо, 2007. — 384 с. — (Советские танки). — 6000 экз. — {{ISBN|978-5-699-21870-7}}
*А. Г. Солянкин, М. В. Павлов, И. В. Павлов, И. Г. Желтов. Отечественные бронированные машины. XX век. 1905–1941. — Москва: Экспринт, 2002. — Т. 1. — 344 с. — 2000 экз. — {{ISBN|5-94038-030-1}}

{{Commons}}

{{WWIISovietAFVs}}

[[Category:Armoured cars of the interwar period]]
[[Category:World War II armoured cars]]
[[Category:World War II armoured fighting vehicles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:GAZ Group military vehicles]]
[[Category:Military vehicles introduced in the 1930s]]