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{{Infobox aircraft
 |name= B.122 
 |image=Avia Ba.122.jpg
 |caption= Series of Ba.122s for Soviet Union
 |type= [[Aerobatic aircraft|aerobatic]] [[trainer aircraft]]
 |manufacturer=[[Avia Motors|Avia]]
 |designer=[[František Novotný]]
 |first_flight=[[1934 in aviation|1934]]
 |introduction=
 |retired=
 |status=
 |primary_user=[[Czechoslovak Air Force]]
 |more_users= [[Slovak Air Force (1939–1945)|Slovak Air Force]]<br>[[Soviet Air Forces]]<br>[[Luftwaffe]]
 |produced=
 |number_built=
 |unit cost=
 |variants=
}}
The '''Avia B.122''' was a [[Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovak]] single-seat [[biplane]] [[aerobatic aircraft]], developed in the mid-1930s. It saw some service in the first years of [[World War II]].

==History==
In the spring of 1934, the Czechoslovak Army Command decided that some [[Czechoslovak Air Force]] pilots would participate in the international [[Aerobatics|aerobatic competition]] [[Coupe Mondiale]] held at Vincennes, Paris, on 9–10 June. For this purpose, the Czechoslovak aircraft manufacturer [[Avia Motors|Avia]] was given the task of designing and constructing an aircraft. The [[prototype]], '''B.122''', was presented after only six weeks.

The Czechoslovak pilots had only a few weeks to learn and master the aircraft as the competition was to be held in July 1934. Luckily, the design was quite successful and the Czechoslovak pilots managed to win the 4th (František Novák) and the 8th ([[Jan Ambrus|Ján Ambruš]]) place in the competition.

Afterwards, the aircraft was modified, based on the pilots' inputs, and this resulted in the improved version, '''Ba.122'''. The Ba.122 was equipped with larger [[rudder]] and [[ailerons]] on both upper and lower wings. On the occasion of [[1936 Summer Olympics]] in [[Berlin]] International Aerobatic Contest, "Internationaler Kunstflugwettbewerbs" was run by the German Aeroculub, "Aeroklub von Deutschland". Czechoslovak pilots won 2nd (Petr Široký), 3rd (František Novák) and 8th place ([[Jan Ambrus|Ján Ambruš]]) <ref name="RAJ2016"/> with their Avias. In this contest new engine Avia RK-17 was introduced, with aircraft Ba.122.7 (OK-AWE), Ba.122.8 (OK-AWA). 1937 was also a successful year, as the Avias managed to win 1st and 3rd place at the International Aviation Meeting in [[Zurich]] in July/August 1937.<ref name="KARRAJ"/> Some of these aircraft were equipped with nine-cylinder [[Walter Pollux]] engines to fit into category of aeroplanes with engines above 20L. These successes led to export orders from the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Romania]]. The aircraft was later further developed into prototypes Ba.222, Ba.322 and Ba.422. The Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence ordered 45 Bs.122 trainers. However, the outbreak of [[World War II]] put an end to further development. Some Avias ended up in the German ''[[Luftwaffe]]'' when parts of Czechoslovakia were absorbed into [[Nazi Germany]] in 1939. Other aircraft were sold to the Slovak and Bulgarian air forces.

==Variants==
[[File:Avia_B.422_photo_L'Aerophile_May_1938.jpg|thumb|Avia B.422 photo from L'Aerophile May 1938]]

;B.122:3 prototype machines with [[Walter Castor II]] engine, B-122.2 and .3 later modified to Ba.122 standard
;Ba.122:improved variant with ailerons on both wings and enlarged rudder, mostly with [[Avia RK-17]] engine
;Ba.222:Ba.122 with NACA cowling and wheel pants
;Ba.422:Ba.122 with upper gull wing to improve front visibility in inverted flight
;Bš.122:Military trainer variant of the Ba.122, staggered wings, [[Walter Castor II]] engine  
;B.322:Bš-122 with enclosed cockpit and [[Townend ring|Townend cowling]]

==Production==
* B/Ba.122: 60 machines, serials B.122.1-Ba.122.45,  Ba.122.101-115 (series for Soviet Union)
* Bš.122: 45 machines
* Ba.222: one prototype
* Ba.322: one prototype
* Ba.422: 2 machines

==Operators==
[[File:Avia Ba-122 (OK-AVE) pic3.JPG|thumb|Avia Ba-122 (OK-AVE)]]
;{{BUL}}: [[Bulgarian Air Force]] – 12 Bs 122 aircraft taken over from the Czechoslovak Air Force, named ″Vosa″ (″Wasp″) <ref name="REVI76"/>
;{{flag|Czechoslovakia}}: [[Czechoslovak Air Force]] – 45 Bš.122 and 45 B/Ba.122 aircraft
;{{flag|Germany|Nazi}}: [[Luftwaffe]] – 12 aircraft taken over from the Czechoslovak Air Force
;{{ROM}}: [[Royal Romanian Air Force]] – one machine, Ba-122.40, YR-DPO
;{{SVK}}: [[Slovak Air Force (1939–1945)]]
;{{USSR}}: [[Soviet Air Force]] – 15 Ba.122 aircraft

==Specifications (Ba.122)==
[[File:Avia_B.122_3-view_L'Aerophile_April_1937.jpg|thumb|Avia B.122 3-view drawing L'Aerophile April 1937]]
''Data from'' Němeček, Václav – Československá letadla <ref name="NEM68"/>

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=<!-- reference -->
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|genhide=Y

|crew=1
|capacity=
|length m=6.80
|length ft=
|length in=
|length note=
|span m=8.85
|span ft=
|span in=
|span note=
|upper span m=
|upper span ft=
|upper span in=
|upper span note=
|mid span m=
|mid span ft=
|mid span in=
|mid span note=
|lower span m=
|lower span ft=
|lower span in=
|lower span note=
|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept note=
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia note=
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width note=
|height m=2.84
|height ft=
|height in=
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|wing area sqm=22.55
|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area note=
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=Clark Y
|empty weight kg=780
|empty weight lb=1720
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=1080
|gross weight lb=2381
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift note=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Avia
|eng1 type=RK-17
|eng1 kw=310
|eng1 hp=420
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 note=
|power original=
|thrust original=
|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng2 number=
|eng2 name=
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|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 note=
|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng3 number=
|eng3 name=
|eng3 type=
|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
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|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
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|eng3 note=
|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|more power=

|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop name=
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia note=

|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=270
|max speed mph=168
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=230
|cruise speed mph=143
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=575
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=7000
|ceiling ft=22,300
|ceiling note=
|g limits=+18,-12 ultimate
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=6 min to 10,000ft
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|disk loading kg/m2=
|disk loading lb/sqft=
|disk loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=3,5 kg/kW, 5,66 lbs/hp
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->
|armament=<!-- add bulletted list here or if you want to use the following 
specific parameters, remove this parameter-->
|guns= 
|bombs= 
|rockets= 
|missiles= 
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
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|avionics=
}}

==See also==
*[[List of Interwar military aircraft]]

==References==
{{commons category|Avia Ba-122}}
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="REVI76">{{cite book |title= REVI 2009/76, Avia Bš-122 Vosa v Bulharském královském letectvu |last=Ovčáčík |first=Michal |year=2009|location= Prague|pages=31–33}}</ref>
<ref name="NEM68">{{cite book |title= Československá letadla |last=Němeček |first=Václav |year=1968|location= Prague}}</ref>
<ref name="RAJ2016">{{cite book |title=Hobby Historie 35, Berlín 1936 a účast československých letců |last=Rajlich |first=Jiří |year=2016|location= Prague}}</ref>
<ref name="KARRAJ">{{cite book |title=Curych 1937: Účast československých letců na IV. mezinárodním leteckém mítinku v Curychu v roce 1937|author1=Kareš, Marcel |author2=Rajlich, Jiří  |year=2017|publisher= Mladá fronta |location= Prague}}</ref>
}}

{{Avia aircraft}}

[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]
[[Category:Avia aircraft|B.122]]
[[Category:1930s Czechoslovak military trainer aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1934]]
[[Category:Aerobatic aircraft]]