View source for Australian Greens

{{Short description|Australian progressive political party}} 
{{About|the federal Greens party|the state and territory parties|List of member parties of the Australian Greens}}
{{pp-pc}}
{{Use Australian English|date=May 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2025}}
{{Infobox political party
| country          = Australia
| name             = Australian Greens
| logo             = AustralianGreensLogo official.svg
| logo_size        = 200
| abbreviation     = {{hlist|AG|GRN<ref>{{cite web |title=From the International Co-Secretaries: David Feith & Andrew Morrison |url=https://greens.org.au/news/annual-report/2021/international-secretary |publisher=Australian Greens |access-date=18 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319123011/https://greens.org.au/news/annual-report/2021/international-secretary |archive-date=19 March 2023 |date=2021 |quote=In 2021 the role of the Australian Greens (AG)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Green |first1=Antony |title=Melbourne – Federal Election 2022 |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/federal/2022/guide/melb |work=ABC News |access-date=18 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101200215/https://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/federal/2022/guide/melb |archive-date=1 November 2023 |date=2022 |quote=GRN RETAIN}}</ref>}}
| leader1_title    = [[Leaders of the Australian Greens#Federal parliamentary leaders|Leader]]
| leader1_name     = [[Larissa Waters]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2025/may/15/larissa-waters-elected-new-federal-greens-leader |title=Larissa Waters elected new federal Greens leader, with Mehreen Faruqi chosen as deputy |last1=Basford Canales |first1=Sarah |last2=Kolovos |first2=Benita |work=The Guardian |date=15 May 2025 |access-date=15 May 2025}}</ref>
| leader2_title    = [[Leaders of the Australian Greens#Federal deputy parliamentary leaders|Deputy Leader]]
| leader2_name     = [[Mehreen Faruqi]]
| foundation       = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1992}}
| ideology         = {{ubl|
 |[[Green politics]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jackson |first1=Stewart |title=The Australian Greens : from activism to Australia's third party |date=2016 |publisher=Melbourne University Press |isbn=9780522867947}}</ref>|
 |[[Progressivism]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chou |first1=Mark |last2=Busbridge |first2=Rachel |date=3 July 2019 |title=Culture Wars, Local Government, and the Australia Day Controversy: Insights from Urban Politics Research |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08111146.2019.1631786 |journal=Urban Policy and Research |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=372 |doi=10.1080/08111146.2019.1631786 |bibcode=2019UrbPR..37..367C |s2cid=198670122|issn=0811-1146|url-access=subscription }}</ref>|
 |[[Left-wing populism]]<ref name="Gherghina-2013" />
}}
| position         = [[Left-wing]]{{refn|<ref name="Gherghina-2013">{{Cite book |title=Contemporary populism: a controversial concept and its diverse forms |date=2013 |first1=Sergiu|last1=Gherghina|first2=Sergiu|last2=Mișcoiu|last3=Sorina|first3=Soare |publisher=[[Cambridge Scholars Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-4438-4997-5 |location=Newcastle upon Tyne, UK |pages=242 |oclc=857064665}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Inside the Greens: the Origins and Future of the Party, the People and the Politics|isbn=9781863959520|last1=Manning|first1=Paddy|date=19 August 2019|publisher=Schwartz Publishing|location=[[Collingwood, Melbourne]] |page=411}}</ref>}}
| regional         = [[Asia Pacific Greens Federation|Asia-Pacific Greens]]
| youth_wing       = [[Australian Young Greens|Young Greens]]
| think_tank       = [[The Green Institute]]
| slogan           = ''A Future for All of Us''
| newspaper        = ''Green Magazine''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greens.org.au/magazine/previous-editions|title=Previous editions &#124; Australian Greens|website=greens.org.au}}</ref>
| membership_year  = 2020
| membership       = {{Increase}} 15,000<ref name="Harris-2020">{{cite news |last1=Harris |first1=Rob |title=Old Greens wounds reopen as members vote on directly electing leader |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/old-greens-wounds-reopen-as-members-vote-on-directly-electing-leader-20200422-p54m5r.html |access-date=22 April 2020 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=22 April 2020}}</ref>
| colours          = {{Color box|{{party color|Australian Greens}}|border=darkgray}} [[Political colour#Green|Green]]
| colorcode        = {{party color|Australian Greens}}
| blank1_title     = [[Governing body]]
| blank1           = National Council<ref>{{cite web |url=https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2020-11/AG%20Constitution%20%28amended%202020%20Nov%29_0.pdf |title=The Charter and Constitution of the Australian Greens |date=November 2020 |website=greens.org.au |publisher=Australian Greens |page=10 }}</ref>
| blank2_title     = Constituent parties
| blank2           = {{hlist|[[ACT Greens|ACT]]|[[The Greens NSW|NSW]]|[[Northern Territory Greens|NT]]|[[Queensland Greens|Qld]]|[[Greens South Australia|SA]]|[[Tasmanian Greens|Tas]]|[[Australian Greens Victoria|Vic]]|[[Greens Western Australia|WA]]}}
| headquarters     = [[Braddon, Australian Capital Territory|Braddon]], [[Australian Capital Territory]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.whitepages.com.au/australian-greens-12645407/braddon-act-12645406B |title=White Pages – Search for an Australian Business, Government Department or Person |publisher=Whitepages.com.au |access-date=10 March 2023}}</ref>
| international    = [[Global Greens]]
| website          = {{URL|greens.org.au}}
| seats1_title     = [[House of Representatives (Australia)|House of Representatives]]
| seats1           = {{Composition bar|1|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| seats2_title     = [[Australian Senate|Senate]]
| seats2           = {{Composition bar|10|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| seats3_title     = State and territory governments
| seats3           = {{Composition bar|0|8|color=#FFF|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| seats4_title     = State and territory lower houses{{Efn|Any [[States and territories of Australia|state or territory]] legislatures|name=any}}
| seats4           = {{Composition bar|17|465|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| seats5_title     = State upper houses{{Efn|name=any}}
| seats5           = {{Composition bar|14|156|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| flag             = Australian Greens flag.svg
}}
The '''Australian Greens''', commonly referred to simply as '''the Greens''', are a [[left-wing]] [[green party|green]] Australian [[List of political parties in Australia|political party]]. As of 2025, the Greens are the third-largest political party in Australia by vote and the fourth-largest by elected representation.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} Following the [[2025 Australian federal election]], [[Larissa Waters]] serves as Leader of the Greens<ref>{{Cite web |last=Crowley |first=Tom |date=15 May 2025 |title=Larissa Waters chosen as new Greens leader |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-05-15/larissa-waters-greens-leader/105296840 |access-date=15 May 2025 |website=ABC News}}</ref> and  [[Mehreen Faruqi]] serves as deputy leader.

The party was formed in 1992 as a confederation of eight state and territorial parties.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McCann |first1=Joy |title=Balancing act: the Australian Greens 2008–2011 |url=https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1112/12rp07 |website=Australian Parliamentary Library |language=en-AU |quote=The Australian Greens is not a single national party, but rather comprises a confederation of eight autonomous state and territory parties that subscribe to a common philosophy and set of principles outlined in the Australian Greens Charter and National Constitution. |archive-date=24 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524073616/https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1112/12rp07 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In their early years, the party was largely built around the personality of well-known Tasmanian politician [[Bob Brown]], before expanding its representation substantially in the early part of the 21st century. The party cites four core values as its ideology, namely [[ecological sustainability]], [[social justice]], [[grassroots democracy]], and [[peace movement|peace and non-violence]].<ref name="The Monthly-2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.themonthly.com.au/australian-greens-party-divided-we-fall-sally-neighbour-4524|title=The Australian Greens Party|website=The Monthly|access-date=11 June 2015|date=2 February 2012}}</ref> The party's origins can be traced to the early [[environmental movement in Australia]], the [[Franklin Dam controversy]], the [[Green ban]]s, and the [[nuclear disarmament]] movement. The party began with the [[United Tasmania Group]], one of the first [[green parties]] in the world.<ref name="Global Greens-2011">{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.globalgreens.org/about-us|publisher=Global Greens|access-date=19 December 2011|date=20 April 2011|archive-date=15 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215212146/https://www.globalgreens.org/about-us|url-status=dead}}</ref>

At the 2025 federal election, the Greens lost 3 of their previous 4 representatives in the House of Representatives and retained all 11 of their senate seats. In 2020, the party had ~15,000 members.<ref name="Harris-2020" />

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== History ==
{{Main|History of the Australian Greens}}

=== Formation ===
[[File:Sydney-Greens-Glebe-061085.jpg|right|thumb|[[The Greens NSW|Sydney Greens]] in the 1980s, the first political party in Australia to use the label Green.]]
The origins of the Australian Greens can be traced to the early environmental movement in Australia and the formation of the [[United Tasmania Group]], one of the first [[green parties]] in the world,<ref name="Global Greens-2011"/> but also the [[nuclear disarmament]] movement in Western Australia and sections of the industrial left in New South Wales who were inspired by the [[Builders Labourers Federation]] [[Green ban]]s in Sydney.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Greenland |first1=Hall |title=Inconvenient truths about the Greens |url=https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/inconvenient-truths-about-greens |access-date=8 October 2020 |work=Green Left |date=27 November 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Co-ordination between environmentalist groups occurred in the 1980s with various significant protests. Key people involved in these campaigns included [[Bob Brown]] and [[Christine Milne]], who went on to contest and win seats in the [[Parliament of Tasmania]] and eventually form the [[Tasmanian Greens]]. Both Brown and Milne subsequently became leaders of the federal party.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/G/Green%20Politics.htm|title=Green Politics|access-date=24 September 2024|publisher=[[University of Tasmania]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Au Parliament|mpid=KA5|name=Former Senator Christine Milne|access-date=1 August 2022}}</ref>

The formation of the federal party in 1992 brought together over a dozen green groups, from state and local organisations, some of which had existed for 20 years.<ref name="The Monthly-2012"/> Following the formation of the national party in 1992, regional emphasis variations remained within the Greens, with members of the "industrial left" remaining a presence in the New South Wales branch.<ref name="The Monthly-2012"/> Brown resigned from the Tasmanian Parliament in 1993, and in 1996 he was elected as a senator for Tasmania, the first elected as an Australian Greens candidate.<ref>{{cite Tas Parliament |id=brownr646 |title=Robert James (Bob) Brown |access-date=25 August 2022}}</ref>

Initially, the most successful Greens group during this period was [[Greens Western Australia|The Greens (WA)]], which was still a separate organisation from the Australian Greens at the time. Vallentine was succeeded by [[Christabel Chamarette]] in 1992, and she was joined by [[Dee Margetts]] in 1993. However, Chamarette was defeated in the [[1996 Australian federal election|1996 federal election]]. Margetts lost her seat in the [[1998 Australian federal election|1998 federal election]], leaving Brown as the sole Australian Greens senator.

=== Bob Brown era 2001–2012 ===

==== 2001–2004 ====
[[File:BobBrownSpeaking.jpg|right|thumb|Bob Brown lays out the Greens' climate change policies in the lead-up to the [[2007 Australian federal election|2007 federal election]].]]
In the [[2001 federal election]], Brown was re-elected as a senator for Tasmania, and a second Greens senator, [[Kerry Nettle]], was elected in New South Wales. The Greens opposed the [[Howard government]]'s [[Pacific Solution]] of offshore processing for asylum seekers, and opposed the bipartisan offers of support to [[ANZUS]] and the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|Afghanistan War]] by the government and [[Shadow Ministry of Kim Beazley (1996–2001)|Beazley Opposition]] in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks]]. The party described the Afghanistan commitment in particular as "warmongering".<ref>Steve Letts [http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2001/s400997.htm PM explains Australian involvement in Afghan war] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419064838/http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2001/s400997.htm |date=19 April 2010 }}. [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] Lateline, 25 October 2001. Retrieved 13 May 2012.</ref> Brown and Nettle's performance in the Senate increased voter support for the party, as it showcased that the Greens were not [[deep ecologists]] nor a single-issue environmentalist organisation, thus granting approval from disaffected Labor voters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.crikey.com.au/2012/04/16/rundle-greens-will-survive-the-brown-out/|title=Greens will survive the Brown-out|website=Crikey|last1=Rundle|first1=Guy|date=16 April 2012|accessdate=9 September 2023}}</ref>

==== 2002 Cunningham by-election ====
On 19 October 2002, the Greens won a [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] seat for the first time when [[Michael Organ]] won the [[Division of Cunningham|Cunningham]] [[2002 Cunningham by-election|by-election]], triggered by the resignation of [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] member [[Stephen Martin (Australian politician)|Stephen Martin]].

==== 2004–2007 ====
In the [[2004 Australian federal election|2004 federal election]], the Australian Greens fielded candidates in every House of Representatives seat in Australia. The Greens' primary vote rose by 2.3% to 7.2%. This won them two additional Senate seats, taken by [[Christine Milne]] in Tasmania and [[Rachel Siewert]] in Western Australia, bringing the total to four. In [[New South Wales]], the Greens ran [[John Kaye (politician)|John Kaye]] as their lead [[Australian Senate|Senate]] candidate but were unsuccessful due to unfavourable preference flows,<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2016 |title=Obituary: John Kaye |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/obituary-john-kaye-20160506-gonz3i.html |access-date=7 September 2025 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en}}</ref> and Organ lost his seat to Labor's [[Sharon Bird]].

At the 2004 election, the [[Australian Greens]] would replace the [[Australian Democrats]] as the largest [[third party (politics)|third party]] in elections. As of 2025 the Greens would be the largest third party.

==== 2007–2010 ====
The Greens increased their national vote by 1.38 points to 9.04% at the [[2007 Australian federal election|2007 federal election]], with the election of South Australian senator [[Sarah Hanson-Young]] taking the number of Greens senators to five. Senators Bob Brown (Tas) and [[Kerry Nettle]] (NSW) were up for re-election, Brown was re-elected, but Nettle was unsuccessful, becoming the only Australian Greens senator to lose their seat despite increasing her vote from 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/australia/2001/2001senatensw.txt |title=2001 New South Wales Senate preference flows: Psephos |access-date=24 July 2017}}</ref><ref>[http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/06/24/1023864552221.html Double dissolution is an empty threat]. ''The Age''. Retrieved 10 February 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/pm/stories/s433053.htm PM – Election reaches endgame]. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 10 February 2009.</ref>

In November 2008, Senator [[Christine Milne]] was elected deputy leader in a ballot contested against Senator [[Rachel Siewert]].

In 2009, the Greens and the Liberal Party voted to defeat Labor's emission trading scheme legislation after failed negotiations for an emissions cut target.<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 November 2019|title=Andrew Robb arrived back to Parliament from sick leave, intent on an act of treachery|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-24/10-years-of-climate-change-inertiaand-the-role-of-andrew-robb/11726072|access-date=10 September 2021|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU}}</ref>

==== 2010–2012 ====
The [[2010 Australian federal election|2010 federal election]] marked a high point for the Greens electorally, with the party receiving its largest vote to date and sharing the [[Balance of power (parliament)|balance of power]]. The Greens received a four percent swing to finish with 13 percent of the vote in the Senate. The Greens won a seat in each of the six states at the election, bringing the party to a total of nine senators from July 2011, holding the [[Balance of power (parliament)|balance of power]] in the Senate. The new senators were [[Lee Rhiannon]] in New South Wales, [[Richard Di Natale]] in [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]], [[Larissa Waters]] in [[Queensland]], [[Rachel Siewert]] in [[Western Australia]], [[Penny Wright]] in [[South Australia]] and [[Christine Milne]] in [[Tasmania]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/elections/federal/2010/guide/senate-results.htm |title=2010 election Senate seats |publisher=ABC |date=29 July 2010 |access-date=1 February 2011}}</ref> Incumbents [[Scott Ludlam]] in Western Australia, [[Sarah Hanson-Young]] in South Australia and [[Bob Brown]] in Tasmania were not due for re-election. The Greens also won their first [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] seat at a general election, the seat of [[Division of Melbourne|Melbourne]] with candidate Adam Bandt, who was a [[crossbencher]] in the first [[hung parliament]] since the [[1940 Australian federal election|1940 federal election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/a/-/world/7802247/record-result-for-greens-in-australian-poll/|title=Record result for Greens in Australian poll: Yahoo/AFP 22 August 2010}}</ref> Almost two weeks after the election, the Greens agreed to support a [[Gillard]] [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] [[minority government]] on [[confidence and supply]] votes. Labor was returned to government with the additional support of three [[Independent politician|independent]] crossbenchers.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100901203613/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/01/2999219.htm Emma Rodgers: ''Greens sign deal to back Labor'', ABC News, 1 September 2010]. Retrieved 1 September 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://greens.org.au/greens_labor_deal|title=Greens and labor commit to agreement for stable government|publisher=The Australian Greens|date=1 September 2010|access-date=2 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100905044256/http://greens.org.au/greens_labor_deal|archive-date=5 September 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Emma Rodgers|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/01/2999219.htm|title=Greens, Labor seal deal|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=1 September 2010|access-date=25 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903124202/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/01/2999219.htm|archive-date=3 September 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Prior to the 2010 Federal Election, the [[Electrical Trades Union of Australia|Electrical Trades Union]]'s Victorian branch donated $325,000 to the Greens' Victorian campaign – the largest political donation ever directed to the Party up to that time.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/federal-election/union-bankrolls-greens-20100817-128iu.html |title=Union bankrolls Greens |work=The Age |date=18 August 2010 |access-date=1 February 2011 |location=Melbourne |first=Ben |last=Schneiders}}</ref>

The Greens signed a formal agreement with the [[Australian Labor Party]] involving consultation in relation to policy and support in the House of Representatives in relation to [[confidence and supply]] and three of the independents declared their support for Labor on confidence and supply,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/politics/abbott-digs-himself-a-hole-20100902-14rjp.html |title=Abbott's Costings Blow Out &#124; Wilkie Sides With Labor: SMH 3&nbsp;September 2010 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=3 September 2010 |access-date=8 September 2010 | first=Michelle | last=Grattan| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100906084800/http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/politics/abbott-digs-himself-a-hole-20100902-14rjp.html| archive-date= 6 September 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100909000414/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/07/3005179.htm 'Labor day: Gillard retains grip on power'] – ABC – Emma Rodgers (7 September 2010) – . Retrieved 8 September 2010.</ref> allowing Gillard and Labor to remain in power with a 76–74 minority government.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/07/3005028.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100909000349/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/07/3005028.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 September 2010 |title=Labor clings to power |first=Emma |last=Rodgers |date=7 September 2010 |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] }}</ref>

On 24 February 2011, in a joint press conference of the "Climate Change Committee" – comprising the Government, Greens and two independent MPs – Prime Minister Gillard announced a plan to legislate for the introduction of a fixed price to be imposed on "carbon pollution" from 1 July 2012<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/gillard-to-reveal-climate-policy-today/story-e6frg6n6-1226011223441 | first1=Ben | last1=Packham | first2=James | last2=Massola | title=Australia to have carbon price from July 1, 2012, Julia Gillard announces | date=24 February 2011 | work=The Australian}}</ref> The [[Carbon pricing in Australia|carbon price]] would be placed for three to five years before a full emissions trading scheme is implemented, under a blueprint agreed by a multi-party parliamentary committee.<ref>[http://www.smartcompany.com.au/economy/20110224-carbon-price-to-begin-from-july-2012-midday-roundup.html Carbon price to begin from July 2012: Midday roundup] Smartcompany.com. 24 February 2011. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120416005834/http://www.smartcompany.com.au/economy/20110224-carbon-price-to-begin-from-july-2012-midday-roundup.html |date=16 April 2012 }}. Retrieved 13 May 2012.</ref> Key issues remained to be negotiated between the Government and the cross-benches, including compensation arrangements for households and businesses, the carbon price level, the emissions reduction target and whether or not to include fuel in the price.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/climate/pm-ready-for-fight-on-carbon-tax-as-abbott-vows-peoples-revolt/story-e6frg6xf-1226011661030|first=Sid|last=Maher|title=PM ready for fight on carbon tax as Abbott vows 'people's revolt'|date=25 February 2011|work=The Australian}}</ref>

In April 2012, Bob stepped down as leader of the Australian Greens, and retired from the Senate in June 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2023 |title=Bob Brown |url=https://greens.org.au/tas/person/bob-brown |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=Tasmanian Greens}}</ref>

=== Christine Milne era 2012–2015 ===
[[Christine Milne]] led the Australian Greens through the remainder of the minority parliament,<ref name="Greens5">{{Cite web |date=25 October 2023 |title=Christine Milne |url=https://greens.org.au/tas/person/christine-milne |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=Tasmanian Greens}}</ref> after being [[Australian Greens leadership elections#2012|elected unopposed]].

==== 2013 federal election ====
At the [[2013 federal election]], the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] (lower house) primary vote was 8.7 percent (−3.1) with the [[Australian Senate|Senate]] (upper house) primary vote at 8.7 percent (−4.5). Despite receiving a decline in votes, the Greens representation in the parliament increased. [[Adam Bandt]] retained his [[Division of Melbourne|Melbourne]] seat with a primary vote of 42.6 percent (+7.0) and a [[two-candidate preferred]] vote of 55.3 percent (−0.6). The Greens won four Senate positions, increasing their Senate representation from nine to ten senators.

==== 2014 Senate special election in Western Australia ====
At the [[2014 Australian Senate special election in Western Australia]], the Greens won in excess of a quota with the primary vote increasing from 9.5 to 15.6 percent, re-electing [[Scott Ludlam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/04/07/ludlam-denies-leadership-ambitions|title=Ludlam denies leadership ambitions|website=News|date=7 April 2014 |access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>

==== 2015 ====
In December 2015, the Greens struck a deal with the Coalition government, passing a law requiring multinational private companies with a turnover over $200 million to disclose their tax arrangements. This law also made it mandatory for multinational companies with a ''global'' turnover of $1 billion or more to have to prepare "general purpose" financial statements, which disclose greater tax details than previously occurred in Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-03/coalition-and-greens-strike-deal-on-multi-national-tax-avoidance/6997328|title=Coalition and Greens strike deal on multinational tax avoidance|website=ABC News|date=3 December 2015|author=Susan McDonald & Chris Uhlmann}}</ref> The following year the Coalition government and the Greens agreed on a permanent 15% tax rate for [[Backpacking (travel)|backpackers]], in exchange for a $100 million funding boost to environmental stewardship [[not-for-profit]] [[Landcare Australia|Landcare]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-12-01/backpacker-tax-passes-senate/8084334|title=Backpacker tax passes Senate with Greens support|website=ABC News|date=2 December 2016}}</ref>

Christine Milne stepped down from the leadership of the Australian Greens on 6 May 2015.<ref name="Greens5" />

=== Richard Di Natale era (2015–2020) ===
[[Richard Di Natale|Di Natale]] was [[Australian Greens leadership elections|elected unopposed]] as parliamentary leader of the Greens party room on 6 May 2015 following the resignation of [[Christine Milne]] from the position.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Norman |first=Jane |date=6 May 2015 |title=Australian Greens: Richard Di Natale elected new leader after Christine Milne resignation |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-05-06/greens-elect-richard-di-natale-as-new-leader/6448948 |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref>

At the [[2016 Australian federal election|2016 federal election]], the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] (lower house) primary vote increased to 10.23 percent (+1.58) but decreased in the [[Australian Senate|Senate]] (upper house), with primary vote at 8.65 percent (−0.58). [[Adam Bandt]] was elected to a third term in his [[Division of Melbourne|Melbourne]] seat with a primary vote of 43.75 percent (+1.13) and a [[two-candidate preferred]] vote of 68.48 percent (+13.21). Despite a campaign focus on winning additional seats in the lower house, The Greens failed to win any lower house contests.

The Greens also lost one Senate position in [[South Australia]], decreasing their Senate representation from ten to nine senators, to a total of ten Green members in the [[Parliament of Australia]]. The result was seen as disappointing, and caused internal divisions to flare up, with former Federal Leader [[Bob Brown]] calling upon Senator [[Lee Rhiannon]] to resign, citing the "need for renewal".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-29/bob-brown-says-nsw-greens-old-guard-should-quit/7673340|title=Bob Brown calls on Senator Lee Rhiannon to stand down|date=29 July 2016|work=ABC News|language=en-AU|access-date=8 October 2016}}</ref>

==== 2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis ====

In 2017, Senators [[Scott Ludlam]] and [[Larissa Waters]] were forced to resign during [[2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis]] after it was found that Ludlam had dual Australian–New Zealand citizenship and Waters had dual citizenship with [[Canada]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Greens senator Scott Ludlam resigns over failure to renounce dual citizenship |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-07-14/senator-scott-ludlam-resign-constitution-dual-citizenship/8708606|access-date=14 July 2017|work=ABC News |date=14 July 2017|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-07-18/larissa-waters-greens-resigns-senate-over-citizenship-bungle/8720066 |title=Larissa Waters, deputy Greens leader, quits in latest citizenship bungle |work=ABC News |date=18 July 2017 |access-date=24 July 2017}}</ref> Subsequently, [[Adam Bandt]] and [[Rachel Siewert]] were named as temporary co-deputy leaders until the arrival of Ludlam and Waters' replacements in Canberra.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/richard-di-natales-monthus-horribilis-where-to-now-for-the-greens-20170720-gxf5em.html |title=Richard Di Natale's monthus horribilis: where to now for the Greens? |publisher=Smh.com.au |date=20 July 2017 |access-date=24 July 2017}}</ref>

==== 2019 election ====
At the [[2019 Australian federal election|2019 federal election]], the Australian Greens received a primary vote of 10.4% in the House of Representatives, with a federal swing of +0.2%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/federal/2019/results/party-totals|title=Party Totals |work=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|date=18 May 2019 |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref> The party's highest vote was captured in the Australian Capital Territory (16.8%), followed by Victoria (11.9%), Western Australia (11.6%), Queensland (10.3%), Northern Territory (10.2%), Tasmania (10.1%), South Australia (9.6%) and New South Wales (8.7%). The party retained the federal electorate of [[Division of Melbourne|Melbourne]] with [[Adam Bandt]] sitting at a 71.8% two-party preferred vote.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/federal/2019/results|title=Federal Election 2019 Results |work=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|date=18 May 2019 |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref>

In the Senate, the Greens received favourable swings in South Australia (+5.03%), Queensland (+3.12%), the Australian Capital Territory (+1.61%), Western Australia (+1.48%), Tasmania (+1.41%) and New South Wales (+1.32%). Small swings against the Greens in the Senate were observed in only Victoria (−0.25%) and the Northern Territory (−0.54%).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/federal/2019/results/senate|title=Senate Results |work=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|date=18 May 2019 |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref> All six Greens senators up for re-election retained their seats, including Senators [[Mehreen Faruqi]], [[Janet Rice]], [[Larissa Waters]], [[Sarah Hanson-Young]], [[Jordon Steele-John]] and [[Nick McKim]].

Three key seats were targeted by the Greens in Victoria, including [[Division of Kooyong|Kooyong]], [[Division of Higgins|Higgins]] and [[Division of Macnamara|Macnamara]].<ref name="Towell-2019">{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/greens-swing-campaign-from-hipster-north-for-yuppie-south-20190408-p51c0t.html|title=Greens swing campaign from hipster north for yuppie south|last=Towell|first=Noel|date=8 April 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref> Prominent barrister [[Julian Burnside]], who stood for Kooyong, came close to unseating treasurer and deputy Liberal leader [[Josh Frydenberg]], falling short by 5.7% in the two-party preferred vote.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/may/13/greens-within-striking-distance-in-josh-frydenbergs-seat-of-kooyong-poll-finds|title=Greens within striking distance in Josh Frydenberg's seat of Kooyong, poll finds|first=Katharine |last=Murphy |date=12 May 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=5 July 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Greens candidate [[Jason Ball (activist)|Jason Ball]], for the [[Division of Higgins]], failed to enter the two-party preferred vote, despite optimism within the Greens and a diminishing Liberal vote.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2018/sep/06/jason-ball-scored-an-lgbt-first-in-football-now-his-goal-is-politics|title=Jason Ball scored an LGBT goal in football – now his sights are set on politics|last=Flanagan|first=Martin|date=5 September 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=5 July 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com/federal-election-2019/the-mood-has-turned-prized-seat-of-higgins-on-a-knife-edge-as-liberal-vote-heads-south-20190511-p51ma9.html|title='The mood has turned': Prized seat of Higgins on a knife-edge as Liberal vote heads south|last=Shields|first=Bevan|date=11 May 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|access-date=5 July 2019}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In Macnamara (formerly [[Melbourne Ports]]), a three-way contest emerged between the Liberals, Labor and Greens. Greens candidate [[Steph Hodgins-May]] had come within a few hundred votes in 2016 of taking the seat, however, redistributions in the electorate for the 2019 election were unfavourable for the Greens' vote, and the party's final vote sat at 24.2%.<ref name="Towell-2019" />

On 3 February 2020, [[Richard Di Natale|Di Natale]] resigned as leader of the Greens and announced his intention to resign from the Senate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Worthington |first=Brett |date=3 February 2020 |title=Richard Di Natale resigns as Greens leader and plans to quit federal politics |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-03/greens-leader-richard-di-natale-to-quit-politics/11759490 |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref>

=== Adam Bandt era 2020–2025 ===
On 4 February, Adam Bandt was [[Australian Greens leadership elections#2020|elected unopposed]] as parliamentary leader of the Australia Greens party room.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dalzell |first=Stephanie |date=4 February 2020 |title=Adam Bandt elected unopposed as federal Greens leader; Larissa Waters and Nick McKim as deputies |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-04/adam-bandt-elected-federal-greens-leader/11924970 |access-date=25 October 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref>

==== 2022 election ====
[[File:Greens parliamentarians.jpeg|right|thumb|All Greens members in federal parliament following the 2022 election.]]
The Greens' strategy for the [[2022 Australian federal election|2022 federal election]] involved targeting nine key seats, including the previously Labor-held seats of [[Division of Macnamara|Macnamara]], [[Division of Griffith|Griffith]], [[Division of Richmond|Richmond]], [[Division of Wills|Wills]], and [[Division of Canberra|Canberra]], and four previously Liberal-held seats of [[Division of Kooyong|Kooyong]], [[Division of Brisbane|Brisbane]], [[Division of Ryan|Ryan]] and [[Division of Higgins|Higgins]].<ref name="Crowe-2021">{{Cite web|last=Crowe|first=David|date=21 March 2021|title=Greens to ask Australians to embrace hung Parliament|url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/greens-election-strategy-bets-on-australians-embracing-hung-parliament-20210321-p57clv.html|access-date=24 April 2021|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref> Bandt claimed that polling suggested a hung parliament was a likely outcome and the Greens would work with Labor to "kick the Liberals out and make the next government go further and faster on climate action, and make billionaires and mining corporations pay their fair share."<ref name="Crowe-2021" /> [[Antony Green]] suggested that a redistribution in Victoria by the [[Australian Electoral Commission]] would likely increase the Greens' odds of winning the seat of Macnamara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2021 Federal Redistribution – Draft Boundaries for Victoria – Antony Green's Election Blog|date=19 March 2021 |url=https://antonygreen.com.au/2021-federal-redistribution-victorian-draft-boundaries/|access-date=24 April 2021|language=en-AU}}</ref>

The party had its best ever result at the election, picking up three seats in inner [[Brisbane]], [[Elizabeth Watson-Brown]] in the seat of [[Division of Ryan|Ryan]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 May 2022 |title='Planet Greensland': Greens win in Ryan shakes up Queensland's electoral map |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-21/qld-federal-election-greens-brisbane-ryan-griffith/101088054 |access-date=3 August 2022}}</ref> [[Stephen Bates]] in the seat of Brisbane,<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 May 2022 |title='It's very surreal': Greens win third seat in Brisbane |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-28/greens-win-brisbane-seat-electorate-federal-election/101104170 |access-date=3 August 2022}}</ref> and [[Max Chandler-Mather]] in the seat of [[Division of Griffith|Griffith]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2022 |title=Grassroots Greens win the battle of Brisbane |url=https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/greens-go-old-school-to-win-the-battle-for-brisbane-20220523-p5anpb |access-date=3 August 2022 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> to boost their representation in the House to four MPs, and won a Senate seat in every state to increase to 12 senators with new Senators [[Barbara Pocock]], [[David Shoebridge]] and [[Penny Allman-Payne]]. This gave them the balance of power. Analysis of vote trends suggested the party succeeded in picking up former votes of both Labor and the Liberal Party.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-07-02/greens-conservative-voters-federal-election-parliament/101200284|title=Greens federal election success saw votes from Liberal, as well as Labor, voters|work=ABC News|date=1 July 2022|author=Elias Clure}}</ref> The party were unsuccessful in picking up the seat of [[Division of Richmond|Richmond]] with their high-profile candidate [[Mandy Nolan]].

On 6 February 2023, Victorian Greens senator [[Lidia Thorpe]] announced that she would resign from the Greens to become an independent senator, over disagreements concerning the proposed [[Indigenous Voice to Parliament]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kolovos |first1=Benita |last2=Karp |first2=Paul |date=6 February 2023 |title=Senator Lidia Thorpe quits Greens party to pursue black sovereignty |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2023/feb/06/senator-lidia-thorpe-to-quit-australian-greens-party-independent-black-sovereignty-indigenous-voice-to-parliament |access-date=6 February 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2023 |title=Indigenous Voice to parliament updates LIVE: Lidia Thorpe quits Greens over Voice division |url=https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/australia-should-prepare-for-chinese-spy-balloons-20230206-p5ci3n |access-date=6 February 2023 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref>

In mid-March 2024, the Greens announced they would introduce legislation seeking to break the dominance of the two supermarket giants [[Woolworths Group (Australia)|Woolworths Group]] and [[Coles Group]] by forcing them to sell some of their operations. While the [[Albanese government]] did not support the bill, it found support from the centre-right [[National Party of Australia|National Party]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Evans |first1=Jake |title=Greens push for powers to break up Coles and Woolworths 'duopoly' |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-19/greens-bill-divestiture-coles-woolworths-supermarket-power/103601314 |access-date=27 March 2024 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=19 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240321223121/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-19/greens-bill-divestiture-coles-woolworths-supermarket-power/103601314 |archive-date=21 March 2024}}</ref>

==== 2025 election ====
The Greens lost party leader [[Adam Bandt]] in the seat of [[Division of Melbourne|Melbourne]], [[Stephen Bates]] in the seat of [[Division of Brisbane|Brisbane]], and [[Max Chandler-Mather]] in the seat of [[Division of Griffith|Griffith]] in the [[2025 Australian federal election|2025 federal election]], with Labor taking all three seats in a landslide victory. When Bandt conceded on 8 May 2025 Tasmanian Greens senator [[Nick McKim]] as party whip became acting leader until the planned [[2025 Australian Greens leadership election|leadership meeting]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Statement on the results for Melbourne |url=https://greens.org.au/news/media-release/statement-results-melbourne |url-status=live |publisher=Australian Greens |access-date=9 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250509013052/https://greens.org.au/news/media-release/statement-results-melbourne |archive-date=9 May 2025 |date=8 May 2025}}</ref>

=== Larissa Waters era 2025–present ===
Queensland Senator [[Larissa Waters]] was [[2025 Australian Greens leadership election|elected unopposed]] as party leader on 15 May 2025, with [[Mehreen Faruqi]] continuing as deputy leader. Sarah Hanson-Young was expected to run for the party leadership, however was elected as Manager of Greens Business.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2025 |title=Larissa Waters elected new federal Greens leader with Mehreen Faruqi chosen as deputy |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2025/may/15/larissa-waters-elected-new-federal-greens-leader |access-date=15 May 2025 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>

On 6 June 2025, Senator for Western Australia [[Dorinda Cox]] defected to Labor.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Crowley |first1=Tom |author2=Roe, Isoble |title=Greens senator Dorinda Cox to join Labor |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-06-02/greens-senator-dorinda-cox-joins-labor/105368028 |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |access-date=2 June 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250602125537/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-06-02/greens-senator-dorinda-cox-joins-labor/105368028 |archive-date=2 June 2025}}</ref>

== Ideology ==
{{Green politics sidebar}}
The Australian Greens are part of the global "[[green politics]]" movement. Former party Leader [[Adam Bandt]] describes The Greens as a [[social democratic]] party.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Douglas |first=Carly |date=2 August 2022 |title=Adam Bandt makes bold statement about Greens |url=https://www.news.com.au/national/politics/adam-bandt-will-use-national-press-club-address-to-make-bold-statement-about-greens-labor/news-story/2e09c8dcfd4172a89662b2f4c55047ac }}</ref> The charter of the Australian Greens identifies four main pillars as the party's policy: "[[social justice]]", "[[sustainability]]", "[[grassroots democracy]]" and "[[peace]] and [[non-violence]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://greens.org.au/our-story |title=Our Story &#124; Australian Greens |publisher=Greens.org.au |access-date=1 February 2011}}</ref>

=== Policy positions ===
==== Environment and climate change ====
The party favours [[environmentalism]], including expansion of [[recycling]] facilities; phasing out [[Disposable product|single-use plastics]]; [[Conservation biology|conservation]] efforts; and addressing [[species extinction]], [[habitat loss]] and [[deforestation]] in Australia.<ref name="Greens8">{{Cite web|title=Protecting our environment|url=https://greens.org.au/platform/environment|access-date=4 July 2019|publisher=The Australian Greens|language=en}}</ref>

The Greens support the achieving of [[100% renewable energy]] by 2030 through the establishment of a [[Green New Deal]], which entails investment in renewable energy technology and a revitalisation of [[Manufacturing in Australia|Australian manufacturing]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Green New Deal 2020|url=https://greens.org.au/greennewdeal|access-date=4 September 2020|website=Australian Greens|language=en}}</ref> Manufacturing would be required to produce solar panels, wind turbines and green steel produced from hydrogen. The party supports the creation of a publicly owned renewable energy provider to boost renewable energy and lower household electricity prices.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greens.org.au/platform/renewables|title=Renewable Economy & Climate Change|website=The Australian Greens|language=en|access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.adambandt.com/2003_energysavingsplan|title=Greens announce energy savings plan for small businesses|website=Adam Bandt|access-date=11 June 2019}}</ref> To support the transition to clean energy, the party calls for growth in [[Lithium mining in Australia|lithium mining]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bandt calls for growth in 'renewables mining' with a Green New Deal|url=http://adam-bandt.greensmps.org.au/articles/bandt-calls-growth-'renewables-mining'-green-new-deal|access-date=4 September 2020|website=adam-bandt.greensmps.org.au|language=en}}</ref> The Greens have also proposed plans to boost jobs and apprenticeships in the construction of [[Public housing in Australia|public housing]] units as further economic stimulus as well as to address rising [[homelessness in Australia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Greens launch plan for mass housing construction to stave off recession|url=http://adam-bandt.greensmps.org.au/articles/greens-launch-plan-mass-housing-construction-stave-recession|access-date=4 September 2020|website=adam-bandt.greensmps.org.au|language=en}}</ref>

==== Finance ====
The Greens oppose tax cuts that solely benefit the top bracket of income earners and lead to [[economic inequality]].<ref name="Greens6">{{cite web |title=Tax the Billionaires |url=https://greens.org.au/tax-billionaires |website=Australian Greens |access-date=10 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The Greens believe that all essential services need to be adequately funded to suit community needs; and argue for the re-establishment of a publicly owned bank.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greens.org.au/platform/redistribution|title=Paying for our plans|website=The Australian Greens|language=en|access-date=25 January 2021}}</ref> The party argues for a Corporate Super-Profits Tax on major corporations, the establishment of a [[wealth tax]] on [[billionaire]]s, and an end to multi-national corporation's [[tax avoidance]].<ref name="Greens6"/>

The party advocates a significant improvement of welfare policies. They propose solving housing shortages and homelessness through the creation of affordable social housing. The party also wants to introduce [[rent caps]] to limit growth of rental prices. Greens also propose increase in all income support payments to $88 a day, that would make them $1,232 per fortnight. To help students, the party wants to forgive all student debt. The Greens also advocate for free childcare as well as [[free public transport]]. Finally, the Greens propose to increase the minimum wage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greens.org.au/cost-of-living|title=The cost of living is out of control &#124; Australian Greens|website=greens.org.au}}</ref>

Green politicians have campaigned on free [[university]] and [[technical and further education]].<ref name="Greens">{{cite news |title=Education |url=https://greens.org.au/policies/education |access-date=10 April 2022 |work=Australian Greens |language=en}}</ref> The party opposes fee hikes for degrees and funding cuts for universities,<ref>{{Cite web|date=31 August 2020|title=Greens condemn university fee overhaul|url=https://www.abc.net.au/radio/newsradio/greens-condemn-university-fee-overhaul/12611468|access-date=4 September 2020|website=ABC Radio|language=en-AU}}</ref> and have called for increased funding for public schools.<ref>{{Cite web|title=There are schools that need more money. They're called public schools|url=http://adam-bandt.greensmps.org.au/articles/there-are-schools-need-more-money-theyre-called-public-schools|access-date=4 September 2020|website=adam-bandt.greensmps.org.au|language=en}}</ref> The party also supports the abolition of all student debt.<ref name="Greens"/>

==== Health ====
The party supports [[universal health care]] through extending [[Medicare (Australia)|Medicare]] coverage into [[Dental public health|dental health care]] and [[mental health]] care.<ref>{{cite web |title=Free Healthcare for All |url=https://greens.org.au/platform/health |website=Australian Greens |access-date=10 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Furthermore, the party supports [[reproductive health rights]] and [[voluntary euthanasia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/greens-richard-di-natale-wants-national-voluntary-euthanasia-laws-20171125-gzsril.html|title=Greens' Richard Di Natale wants national voluntary euthanasia laws|last=Massola|first=James|date=25 November 2017|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref> The Greens support drug law reform, including the [[legalisation of cannabis]]; treating [[Drug liberalization|drug use as a health issue]] rather than a criminal issue; and the provision of free [[drug checking]] stations at community events and relevant venues.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Drugs, Substance Use and Addiction|url=https://greens.org.au/policies/drugs-substance-use-and-addiction|access-date=4 July 2019|publisher=The Australian Greens|language=en}}</ref> Further information on the Greens cannabis legalisation proposed law can be found at [[Legalising Cannabis Bill 2023]].

==== Social issues ====
The Greens have advocated on for various social issues, such as the legalisation of [[Same-sex marriage in Australia|marriage equality]], the right to [[seek asylum]], and [[Gender inequality in Australia|gender equality]]. The Greens also advocate for policies that they believe will strengthen Australian democracy and "clean up politics", including capping [[Political funding in Australia|political donations]] and strengthening the powers of the [[National Anti-Corruption Commission (Australia)|National Anti-Corruption Commission]].<ref name="Greens2" />

==== Agriculture ====
In terms of agricultural policy, the party strongly favours policies to promote [[animal welfare]] and climate resilience with farmers. The Greens strongly support reducing [[Soil retrogression and degradation|soil]] and [[water degradation]] through community-driven decision-making processes, and supporting farmers experiencing effects of climate change.<ref name="Greens7" />

==== Animal welfare ====
The Greens are in favour of phasing out [[Live export|live animal exports]], instead favouring investment in the domestic chilled meat industry.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Greens on: Live Exports|url=https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2018-06/1605%20End%20Animal%20Exports%20Five%20Point%20Plan%20Booklet%2006.pdf|url-status=dead|access-date=25 January 2021|publisher=Australian Greens|archive-date=1 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201185250/https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2018-06/1605%20End%20Animal%20Exports%20Five%20Point%20Plan%20Booklet%2006.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=End Live Exports|url=https://greens.org.au/campaigns/end-live-exports|access-date=13 June 2019|publisher=The Australian Greens|language=en}}</ref> The Greens have also campaigned on banning [[Greyhound racing in Australia|greyhound racing]], [[whaling]] and [[Animal testing|animal-tested cosmetics]].<ref name="Greens8" /> The party believes in phasing out caged egg production and sow stalls, instead favouring ethical farming practices.<ref name="Greens8" /> The party advocates for the reduction of [[Environmental impacts of animal agriculture#Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from cattle|methane emissions from livestock]] through research, animal health and nutrition, selection and genetics.<ref name="Greens7">{{Cite web|title=Agriculture|url=https://greens.org.au/policies/agriculture|access-date=2 June 2019|publisher=The Australian Greens|language=en}}</ref>

==== Foreign affairs ====
On foreign policy, the party says that it wants "Independent, transparent and accountable foreign and defence policies based on mutual respect."<ref>{{cite web |url= https://greens.org.au/policies/international-relations |title=International relations |publisher=The Australian Greens |date=19 April 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022}}</ref>

In August 2025, the Greens urged the Albanese government to impose direct sanctions on high-ranking members of [[Thirty-seventh government of Israel|Netanyahu's government]] and to stop supplying parts for [[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II|F-35 fighter jets]] to the global supply chain that can be accessed by [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite news |title=What parts does Australia supply for the F-35s striking Gaza – and should shipments be halted? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2025/aug/15/is-australia-supplying-weapons-to-bomb-gaza-heres-what-we-know-about-fighter-jet-parts-in-the-f-35-program |work=The Guardian |date=14 August 2025}}</ref> Greens senator [[David Shoebridge]] said: "If the Albanese government stopped the export of F-35 fighter jet parts to Israel, then their F-35 fleet would be grounded."<ref>{{cite news |title=Australia isn't exporting arms to Israel, weapons components a 'separate issue', Marles says |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/australia-isnt-exporting-arms-to-israel-weapons-components-a-separate-issue-marles-says/0sh47r9hi |work=SBS News |date=10 August 2025}}</ref> 

==== Voting system ====
The party supports [[proportional representation]] in the House of Representatives and local government.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://greens.org.au/policies/constitutional-reform-and-democracy |title= Constitutional Reform and Democracy |website= greens.org.au |publisher= Australian Greens |access-date= 27 April 2023}}</ref>

== Structure ==
===Parliament===
====Federal leaders====
{{Main|Leaders of the Australian Greens}}
{{Further|Australian Greens leadership elections}}

On Saturday 12 November 2005 at the national conference in [[Hobart]], the Australian Greens abandoned their long-standing tradition of having no official leader and approved a process whereby a parliamentary leader could be elected by the Greens Parliamentary [[Party Room]]. On Monday 28 November 2005, Bob Brown – who had long been regarded as ''de facto'' leader by many inside the party, and most people outside the party – was elected unopposed as the Parliamentary Party Leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2005-11-29/greens-firm-up-party-structure/751114|title=Greens firm up party structure|website=ABC News|date=29 November 2005}}</ref> Each leader has been described to represent a faction within the party, with the political journalist Paddy Manning describing that Christine Milne came from the right wing of the party, while Bandt is the first Greens leader from the left wing of the party.<ref>{{cite web |title=Adam Bandt, the personable hardliner |url=https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2020/may/1588255200/margaret-simons/adam-bandt-personable-hardliner |website=The Monthly |access-date=17 May 2020 |date=1 May 2020}}</ref>

The leadership is decided by consensus within the [[Parliamentary group|party room]] (or a party room vote if consensus cannot be reached), and all previous Greens leaders have been [[Australian Greens leadership elections|elected unopposed]] (as of 2025).<ref>{{cite web |title=Plebiscite: Method of electing the Australian Greens Leader |url=https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2020-04/2020Leadership-Plebiscite-Questions-and-Arguments.pdf |url-status=live |publisher=Australian Greens |access-date=12 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250512170210/https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2020-04/2020Leadership-Plebiscite-Questions-and-Arguments.pdf |archive-date=12 May 2025 |date=April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Knott |first=Matthew |title='It's uncomfortable': Greens in uncharted territory as leadership contenders jostle |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/it-s-uncomfortable-greens-in-uncharted-territory-as-leadership-contenders-jostle-20250509-p5lxup.html |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |access-date=12 May 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250509072739/https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/it-s-uncomfortable-greens-in-uncharted-territory-as-leadership-contenders-jostle-20250509-p5lxup.html |url-status=live |archive-date=9 May 2025 |date=9 May 2025}}</ref>

In May 2020, 62% of rank-and-file Greens party members voted for democratically [[Leadership election]] to pick the leader, However it failed to meet the two-thirds majority of 66.67% which is required to force a change.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/greens-vote-to-give-members-voice-in-leadership-election-falls-short-20200513-p54snf.html|title=Greens vote to give members voice in leadership election falls short|date=13 May 2020|publisher=}}</ref>

====Parliamentary portfolios====
{{Main|Australian Greens Front Bench}}
Greens MPs are each assigned their own portfolios, or specific areas of responsibility. All portfolios are decided by the party and may differ in title from the government's portfolio priorities The Greens have formed a Gun Control portfolio, of which there is no equivalent in the government.<ref name="Greens4">{{Cite web|url=https://greensmps.org.au/portfolios|title=Portfolios {{!}} GreensMPs|website=greensmps.org.au|access-date=13 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.directory.gov.au/portfolios|title=Portfolios|publisher=Government Online Directory|date=13 September 2019|website=www.directory.gov.au|language=en|access-date=13 September 2019}}</ref>

Portfolios are divided into five major categories according to the Greens: "an equal society", "world-class essential services", "climate and the environment", "the green economy", and "a confident Australia".<ref name="Greens4" />

==={{anchor|agfnn}}National Council===
<!---Australian Greens First Nations Network, AGFNN, and Blak Greens all redirect to the anchor above, until such time as the topic is expanded somewhere else in the article.--->
The Australian Greens is [[federalism|federally]] organised with separately registered state parties signing up to a national constitution, yet retaining considerable policy-making and organisational autonomy from the centre.<ref>Turnbull, N; Vromen, A. "[http://www.australianreview.net/digest/2004/09/turnbull_vromen.html Election 2004: Where do the Greens fit in Election 2004?]", ''Australian Review of Public Affairs'', 17 September 2004.</ref> The national decision-making body of the Australian Greens is the National Council, consisting of delegates from each member body (a state or territory Greens party), two members of the federal party room, a representative of the Australian Greens First Nations Network (AGFNN, or Blak Greens<ref>{{cite web | last=Puglisi | first=Leonardo | title=Greens First Nations Network calls on party members to vote No or abstain in Voice referendum | website=[[6 News Australia]] | date=28 September 2023 | url=https://www.6newsau.com/post/greens-first-nations-network-calls-on-members-to-vote-no-or-abstain-in-voice-referendum | access-date=8 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Home | website=Australian Greens First Nations Network  | url=https://firstnations.greens.org.au/ | access-date=8 October 2023}}</ref>), and the national office bearers including the National Convenor, Secretary and Treasurer. As at May 2020, all seven of the party's office bearer positions are held by women.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 May 2020|title=Doing politics differently|url=https://greens.org.au/magazine/doing-politics-differently|access-date=25 September 2020|website=Australian Greens|language=en}}</ref> There is also a Public Officer, a Party Agent and a Registered Officer. The National Council arrives at decisions by consensus. All policies originating from this structure are subject to ratification by the members of the Australian Greens at National Conference.<ref>"[http://www.members.optusnet.com.au/sandgategreens/Organisational%20Framework%20of%20the%20Australian%20Greens.htm Organisational Framework of the Australian Greens] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040818232243/http://www.members.optusnet.com.au/sandgategreens/Organisational%20Framework%20of%20the%20Australian%20Greens.htm |date=18 August 2004 }}", ''Sandgate Branch of the Queensland Greens''.</ref>

===State and territory parties===
{{Main|List of member parties of the Australian Greens}}
The Australian Greens are a federation consisting of eight parties from each state and territory. The various [[Australian states and territories]] have different [[Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories|electoral systems]], all of which allow the Greens to gain representation. As of 2024, the Greens hold at least one seat in all eight [[Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories|state and territory legislatures]].

Five Greens have become ministers at the state/territory level: Nick McKim and [[Cassy O'Connor]] in Tasmania, 2010–2014; and in the [[Australian Capital Territory|ACT]], [[Shane Rattenbury]] since [[2012 Australian Capital Territory election|2012]] and [[Emma Davidson]] and [[Rebecca Vassarotti]] since [[2020 Australian Capital Territory election|2020]].

Most of the state-based Green parties which have joined the Australian Greens do not have a formal leader, and instead they have a shared leadership structure.<ref name="Cunningham-2014">{{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Christine |last2=Jackson |first2=Stewart |title=Leadership and the Australian Greens |journal=Leadership |date=13 March 2014 |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=496–511 |doi=10.1177/1742715013498407|s2cid=144393361 |url=https://ro.ecu.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1025&context=ecuworkspost2013 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> However, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, and the ACT have adopted singular leadership structures into their party.<ref name="Cunningham-2014" />

The current Australian Green member parties are the following:
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Party
! rowspan="3" |Leader
! colspan="6" | Last [[Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories|state/territory election]] & current seat tally
! rowspan="3" | Status
! rowspan="11" style="width:1px" |
! colspan="2" | [[Parliament of Australia|Federal representatives]]
|-
! colspan="3" | Lower House
! rowspan="10" style="width:1px" |
! colspan="2" | Upper House
! rowspan="2" |[[Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 2022–2025|MPs]]
! rowspan="2" |[[Members of the Australian Senate, 2022–2025|Senators]]
|-
!Year
!Votes (%)
!Current seats
!Votes (%)
!Current seats
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Greens New South Wales}};" |
|[[Greens New South Wales]]
|''None''
| align="center" |[[2023 New South Wales state election|2023]]
| align="right" |9.7
|{{composition bar|3|93|hex={{party color|Greens New South Wales}}}}
| align="right" |9.1
|{{Composition bar|4|42|hex={{party color|Greens New South Wales}}}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|2|12|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Australian Greens Victoria}};" |
|[[Victorian Greens]]
|[[Ellen Sandell]]
| align="center" |[[2022 Victorian state election|2022]]
| align="right" |11.5
|{{composition bar|3|88|hex={{party color|Australian Greens Victoria}}}}
| align="right" |10.3
|{{Composition bar|4|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens  Victoria}}}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|38|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|1|12|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Queensland Greens}};" |
|[[Queensland Greens]]
|''None''
| align="center" |[[2024 Queensland state election|2024]]
| align="right" |9.9
|{{composition bar|1|93|hex={{party color|Queensland Greens}}}}
|align=center colspan=2 {{N/A}}{{efn|Queensland has maintained a [[unicameral legislature]] since 1922.}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|1|30|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|2|12|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Greens Western Australia}};" |
|[[Greens Western Australia]]
|[[Brad Pettitt]]
| align="center" |[[2025 Western Australian state election|2025]]
| align="right" |11.1
|{{composition bar|0|59|hex={{party color|Greens Western Australia}}}}
| align="right" |10.9
|{{Composition bar|4|37|hex={{party color|Greens Western Australia}}}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|16|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|1|12|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Greens South Australia}};" |
|[[Greens South Australia]]
|''None''
| align="center" |[[2022 South Australian state election|2022]]
| align="right" |9.1
|{{composition bar|0|47|hex={{party color|Greens South Australia}}}}
| align="right" |9.0
|{{Composition bar|1|22|hex={{party color|Greens South Australia}}}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|10|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|2|12|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Tasmanian Greens}};" |
|[[Tasmanian Greens]]
|[[Rosalie Woodruff]]
| align="center" |[[2024 Tasmanian state election|2024]]
| align="right" |13.9
|{{Composition bar|5|35|hex={{party color|Tasmanian Greens}}}}
|align=right {{N/A}}{{efn|Tasmania elects [[Tasmanian Legislative Council|legislative council]] representatives on a periodic basis, with elections held almost every year.}}
|{{Composition bar|1|15|hex={{party color|Tasmanian Greens}}}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|5|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|2|12|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|ACT Greens}};" |
|[[ACT Greens]]
|[[Shane Rattenbury]]
| align="center" |[[2024 Australian Capital Territory election|2024]]
| align="right" |12.2
|{{Composition bar|4|25|hex={{party color|ACT Greens}}}}
|align=center colspan=2 {{N/A}}{{efn|The ACT has a [[unicameral]] parliament.}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|3|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|0|2|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|-
| style="width:2px;background:{{party color|Northern Territory Greens}};" |
|[[Northern Territory Greens]]
|''None''
| align="center" |[[2024 Northern Territory general election|2024]]
| align="right" |8.1
|{{composition bar|1|25|hex={{party color|Northern Territory Greens}}}}
|align=center colspan=2 {{N/A}}{{efn|The Northern Territory has a [[unicameral]] parliament.}}
| bgcolor="#FFE3E3" align="center" |[[Crossbench]]
|{{composition bar|0|2|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{composition bar|0|2|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|}

====Working groups====
[[File:Australian Young Greens Logo.jpg|thumb|right|[[Australian Young Greens]] logo.]]
A variety of working groups have been established by the National Council, which are directly accessible to all Greens members. Working groups perform an advisory function by developing policy, reviewing or developing the party structure, or by performing other tasks assigned by the National Council.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Charter and Constitution of the Australian Greens |url=https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2020-07/AG_Constitution_May_2020.pdf |website=Australian Greens |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=22 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922153233/https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2020-07/AG_Constitution_May_2020.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The [[Australian Young Greens]] are a federation of Young Greens groups from each Australian state and territory. Together they form the youth wing of the Australian Greens

A national Sexuality and Gender Identity Working Group exists at a federal level,<ref>{{cite news |title=Global LGBT+ Network to launch |url=https://greens.org.au/magazine/global-lgbt-network-launch |access-date=22 September 2020 |work=Green Magazine}}</ref> and there are LGBTIQ working groups in some state and territory parties, including: Queer Greens Victoria, [[Queensland Greens#Other working groups|Queensland Rainbow Greens]], [[Greens South Australia#Member action groups|SA Greens Queer Members Action Group]], [[The Greens NSW#Working groups|NSW Greens Sex, Sexuality and Gender Identity Working Group]].

== Support ==
The Greens generally draw support from younger voters with higher than average educational attainment. The Greens absorbed much of the [[Australian Democrats|Australian Democrats']] support base following its downfall as the third party in Australia and many of the social and environmental policies and issues that the Democrats advocated for have been taken up by the Greens. Much like the Democrats, the Greens have a higher proportion of supporters who are university educated, under 40, identify as professionals in their field, are small business owners, and earn above the national average wage.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bennett |first1=Scott |date=22 November 2008|title=The rise of the Australian Greens |url=https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp0809/09rp08 |website=APH |publisher=Parliament of Australia |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref> Notably, there has also been a steady increase in working-class support for the Greens since the creation of the party.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Cameron|first1=Sarah|last2=McAllister|first2=Ian|year=2019|title=The 2019 Australian Federal Election: Results from the Australian Election Study|work=Australian Elections Study|publisher=[[Australian National University]]|url=https://australianelectionstudy.org/wp-content/uploads/The-2019-Australian-Federal-Election-Results-from-the-Australian-Election-Study.pdf}}</ref>

In 2019, [[Ian McAllister (political scientist)|Ian McAllister]] in an analysis of [[class voting]] patterns found that Greens voters are distinguished as being high in [[cultural capital]], such as a university education, but tend to be in [[asset poverty]] due to not owning their own home.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McAllister |first1=Ian |last2=Makkai |first2=Toni |title=The decline and rise of class voting? From occupation to culture in Australia |journal=Journal of Sociology |date=September 2019 |volume=55 |issue=3 |pages=426–445 |doi=10.1177/1440783318805155|s2cid=149767642 }}</ref> Political scientist Todd Farrell in an analysis in 2020 found that, unlike other minor parties in the past (such as the Australian Democrats), Greens supporters hold high levels of [[party identification]] and consistent durable vote, indicating a [[political realignment]] in Australian politics away from the major Labor and Liberal parties.<ref>{{cite thesis |type=PhD |last=Farrell |first=Todd |date=2020 |title=The Australian Greens: Realignment Revisited in Australia |publisher=Swineburn University |url=https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/92f9c943-d775-4ead-bd9f-e39f5eb152b4/1/todd_farrell_thesis.pdf}}</ref>

==Electoral performance==
===House of Representatives===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Election
! Leader
! Votes
! %
! Seats
! +/–
! Position
! Status
|-
! [[1993 Australian federal election|1993]]
| rowspan=5|''None''
| 196,702
| 1.83 
| {{Composition bar|0|147|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}}
| {{increase}} 5th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[1996 Australian federal election|1996]]
| 188,994
| 1.74 
| {{Composition bar|0|148|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{decrease}} 6th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[1998 Australian federal election|1998]]
| 238,035
| 2.14 
| {{Composition bar|0|148|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{steady}} 6th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[2001 Australian federal election|2001]]
| 569,074
| 4.96 
| {{Composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{increase}} 5th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[2004 Australian federal election|2004]]
| 841,734
| 7.19 
| {{Composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{increase}} 3rd
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[2007 Australian federal election|2007]]
| rowspan=2|[[Bob Brown]]
| 967,789
| 7.79 
| {{Composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[2010 Australian federal election|2010]]
| 1,458,998
| 11.76 
| {{Composition bar|1|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{partial2|Confidence and supply}}
|-
! [[2013 Australian federal election|2013]]
| [[Christine Milne]]
| 1,116,918
| 8.65 
| {{Composition bar|1|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2016 Australian federal election|2016]]
| rowspan=2|[[Richard Di Natale]]
| 1,385,651
| 10.23 
| {{Composition bar|1|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2019 Australian federal election|2019]]
| 1,482,923
| 10.40 
| {{Composition bar|1|151|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}} 
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2022 Australian federal election|2022]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Adam Bandt]]
| 1,795,985
| 12.25 
| {{Composition bar|4|151|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 3
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
![[2025 Australian federal election|2025]]
| 1,889,977
| 12.20
| {{Composition bar|1|150|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Decrease}} 3
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|}

===Senate===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Election
! rowspan=2 | Leader
! rowspan=2 | Votes
! rowspan=2 | %
! colspan=2 | Seats
! rowspan=2 | +/–
! rowspan=2 | Position
! rowspan=2 | Status
|-
! Up
! Total
|-
! [[1990 Australian federal election|1990]]
| rowspan=6|''None''
| 201,618
| 2.0 
| {{Composition bar|0|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|0|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}}
| {{increase}} 5th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[1993 Australian federal election|1993]]
| 263,106
| 2.5 
| {{Composition bar|0|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|0|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}}
| {{steady}} 5th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[1996 Australian federal election|1996]]
| 180,404
| 1.7 
| {{Composition bar|0|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|0|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}}
| {{steady}} 5th
| {{N/A|No seats}}
|-
! [[1998 Australian federal election|1998]]
| 244,165
| 2.2 
| {{Composition bar|0|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|1|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}}{{Efn|[[Bob Brown]] was elected to the senate in 1996 as a representative of the [[Tasmanian Greens]]. By the time of the 1998 election (where he was not up for re-election), the Tasmanian Greens had affiliated with the national organisation.}}
| {{steady}} 5th
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2001 Australian federal election|2001]]
| 574,543
| 4.9 
| {{Composition bar|2|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|2|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| {{increase}} 4th
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2004 Australian federal election|2004]]
| 916,431
| 7.7 
| {{Composition bar|2|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|4|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 2
| {{steady}} 4th
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2007 Australian federal election|2007]]
| rowspan=2|[[Bob Brown]]
| 1,144,751
| 9.0 
| {{Composition bar|3|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|5|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| {{increase}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2010 Australian federal election|2010]]
| 1,667,315
| 13.1 
| {{Composition bar|6|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|9|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 4
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2013 Australian federal election|2013]]
| [[Christine Milne]]
| 1,159,588
| 8.6 
| {{Composition bar|4|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|10|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2016 Australian federal election|2016]]
| rowspan=2|[[Richard Di Natale]]
| 1,197,657
| 8.7 
| {{Composition bar|9|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|9|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Decrease}} 1
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2019 Australian federal election|2019]]
| 1,488,427
| 10.2 
| {{Composition bar|6|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|9|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{steady}}
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
! [[2022 Australian federal election|2022]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Adam Bandt]]
| 1,903,403
| 12.6 
| {{Composition bar|6|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{Composition bar|12|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
| {{increase}} 3
| {{steady}} 3rd
| {{no2|Crossbench}}
|-
![[2025 Australian federal election|2025]]
|1,859,974
|11.72
|{{Composition bar|6|40|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{Composition bar|11|76|hex={{party color|Australian Greens}}}}
|{{steady}}{{Efn|[[Lidia Thorpe]] was elected to the senate in 2022 as a representative of the Greens. She left the party in 2023 to sit as an Independent.}}
|{{steady}} 3rd
|{{no2|Crossbench}}
|}

===Results timeline===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:80%; text-align:center"
|-
! Year
! {{flagicon|Australia}}<br>[[Australia|AU]]
! class="unsortable"| 
! {{flagicon|Australian Capital Territory}}<br>[[Australia Capital Territory|ACT]] !! {{flagicon|New South Wales}}<br>[[NSW]] !! {{flagicon|Northern Territory}}<br>[[Northern Territory|NT]] !! {{flagicon|Queensland}}<br>[[Qld]] !! {{flagicon|South Australia}}<br>[[South Australia|SA]] !! {{flagicon|Tasmania}}<br>[[Tasmania|Tas]] !! {{flagicon|Victoria}}<br>[[Victoria (state)|Vic]] !! {{flagicon|Western Australia}}<br>[[Western Australia|WA]] 
|-
! 1989
| rowspan=4| ''N/A''
| rowspan=37 bgcolor=lightgrey| 
| rowspan=6| ''N/A''
| rowspan=2| ''N/A''
|  ''N/A''
| rowspan=6| ''N/A''
| rowspan=8| ''N/A''
| rowspan=3| ''N/A''
| rowspan=10| ''N/A''
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| 0.5
|-
! 1990
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| 3.0
|-
! 1991
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| 0.5
|-
! 1992
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| 13.2
|-
! 1993
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| 1.8
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 4.3
|-
! 1994
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 0.8
|-
! 1995
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| 9.1
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 2.6
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| 2.9
|-
! 1996
| rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 1.7
| rowspan=2 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 11.1
| rowspan=5 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 4.7
|-
! 1997
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 0.6
| rowspan=5 style="vertical-align:top"| 0.2
|-
! 1998
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 2.1
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 9.1
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 2.4
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 10.2
|-
! 1999
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 3.9
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| 1.2
|-
! 2000
|-
! 2001
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 5.0
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 9.1
| rowspan=4| ''N/A''
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 2.5
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 7.3
|-
! 2002
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 2.4
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 18.1
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 9.7
|-
! 2003
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.3
|-
! 2004
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 7.2
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 9.3
| rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 6.8
|-
! 2005
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 4.2
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 7.8
|-
! 2006
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.0
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 6.5
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 16.6
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 10.0
|-
! 2007
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 7.8
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.9
|-
! 2008
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 15.6
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 4.3
| rowspan=5 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 11.9
|-
! 2009
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.4
|-
! 2010
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 11.8
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.1
| style="background:#5ACC8A; vertical-align:top"|{{increase}} 21.6 
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 11.2
|-
! 2011
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 10.3
| rowspan=3 style="background:#5ACC8A;border-top-style:hidden"| {{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|border=silver}}{{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Greens}}|border=silver}}
|-
! 2012
| style="background:#5ACC8A; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 10.7
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 3.3
| rowspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 7.5
|-
! 2013
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 8.5
| rowspan=3 style="background:#5ACC8A;border-top-style:hidden"| {{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|border=silver}}{{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Greens}}|border=silver}}
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 8.4
|-
! 2014
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.7
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 13.8
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 11.5
|-
! 2015
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 10.3
| rowspan=2 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.4
|-
! 2016
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 10.2
| style="background:#5ACC8A; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 10.3
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 2.9
|-
! 2017
| rowspan=3 style="background:#5ACC8A;border-top-style:hidden"| {{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|border=silver}}{{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Greens}}|border=silver}}
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 10.0
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.9
|-
! 2018
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 6.7
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 10.3
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 10.7
|-
! 2019
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 10.4
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 9.6
|-
! 2020
| style="background:#5ACC8A; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 13.5
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 4.5
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 9.5
|-
! 2021
| rowspan=3 style="background:#5ACC8A;border-top-style:hidden"| {{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|border=silver}}{{Colour box|{{party color|Australian Greens}}|border=silver}}
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 12.4
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 6.9
|-
! 2022
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 12.3
| rowspan=4 style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 9.1
| rowspan=4 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 11.5
|-
! 2023
| rowspan=3 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 9.7
|-
! 2024
| rowspan=2 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 12.3
| rowspan=2 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 8.1
| rowspan=2 style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 9.9
| style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 13.9
|-
! 2025
| style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{decrease}} 12.2
| style="background:#73F5AA; vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 14.4

| style="vertical-align:top"| {{increase}} 11.1
|-
! Year
! {{flagicon|Australia}}<br>[[Australia|AU]]
! class="unsortable"| 
! {{flagicon|Australian Capital Territory}}<br>[[Australia Capital Territory|ACT]] !! {{flagicon|New South Wales}}<br>[[NSW]] !! {{flagicon|Northern Territory}}<br>[[Northern Territory|NT]] !! {{flagicon|Queensland}}<br>[[Qld]] !! {{flagicon|South Australia}}<br>[[South Australia|SA]] !! {{flagicon|Tasmania}}<br>[[Tasmania|Tas]] !! {{flagicon|Victoria}}<br>[[Victoria (state)|Vic]] !! {{flagicon|Western Australia}}<br>[[Western Australia|WA]] 
|-
| colspan=13 align=left| '''Bold''' indicates best result to date.<br>{{Colour box|#73f5aa|border=silver}} Present in legislature (in crossbench or opposition)<br>{{Colour box|#5acc8a|border=silver}} Junior coalition partner<br>{{Colour box|#24b561|border=silver}} Senior coalition partner
|}

== Current federal parliamentarians ==
{{Main|List of Australian Greens parliamentarians}}
===House of Representatives===
<gallery>

File:Elizabeth Watson-Brown.png|[[Elizabeth Watson-Brown]] MP ([[Division of Ryan|Ryan]], Qld), 2022–present

</gallery>

===Senate===
<gallery>
File:Sarah-Hanson-Young-2019.jpg|Senator [[Sarah Hanson-Young]] (SA), 2008–present
File:Larissa Waters 2019.png|Senator [[Larissa Waters]] (Qld), 2011–2017, 2018–present
File:SenatorWhishWilson.jpg|Senator [[Peter Whish-Wilson]] (Tas), 2012–present
File:NickMcKim2019 (cropped).jpg|Senator [[Nick McKim]] (Tas), 2015–present
File:Jordon-Steele-John-2019 (cropped).jpg|Senator [[Jordon Steele-John]] (WA), 2017–present
File:Mehreen-Faruqi-2019.jpg|Senator [[Mehreen Faruqi]] (NSW), 2018–present
File:David Shoebridge MLC, 2019.png|Senator [[David Shoebridge]] (NSW), 2022–present
File:Barbara Pocock (cropped).jpg|Senator [[Barbara Pocock]] (SA), 2022–present
File:Penny Allman-Payne (cropped).jpg|Senator [[Penny Allman-Payne]] (Qld), 2022–present
File:Steph Hodgins-May.jpg|Senator [[Steph Hodgins-May]] (Vic), 2024–present
</gallery>

=== Former ===
*Senator [[Jo Vallentine]], 1990–1992, Greens WA (originally elected in 1984 for the [[Nuclear Disarmament Party]])
*Senator [[Christabel Chamarette]], 1992–1996, Greens WA
*Senator [[Dee Margetts]], 1993–1999, Greens WA
*Senator [[Bob Brown]] (Tas), 1996–2012
*[[Michael Organ]] MP ([[Division of Cunningham|Cunningham]], NSW), 2002–2004
*Senator [[Kerry Nettle]] (NSW), 2002–2008
*Senator [[Christine Milne]] (Tas), 2005–2015
*Senator [[Rachel Siewert]] (WA), 2005–2021
*Senator [[Scott Ludlam]] (WA), 2008–2017
*Senator [[Richard Di Natale]] (Vic), 2011–2020
*Senator [[Lee Rhiannon]] (NSW), 2011–2018
*Senator [[Penny Wright]] (SA), 2011–2015
*Senator [[Janet Rice]] (Vic), 2014–2024
*Senator [[Robert Simms (politician)|Robert Simms]] (SA), 2015–2016
*Senator [[Andrew Bartlett]] (Qld), 2017–2018
*Senator [[Lidia Thorpe]] (Vic), 2020–2023
*[[Max Chandler-Mather]] ([[division of griffith|Griffith]], QLD), 2022–2025
*[[Stephen Bates]] ([[Division of Brisbane|Brisbane]], QLD), 2022–2025
*[[Adam Bandt]] ([[Division of Melbourne|Melbourne]], VIC) 2010–2025
*Senator [[Dorinda Cox]] (WA), 2021–2025 (defected to [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]])

Senators Vallentine, Chamarette and Margetts were all elected as [[Greens Western Australia|Greens (WA)]] senators and served their terms before the Greens WA affiliated to the Australian Greens, meaning that they were not considered to be Australian Greens senators at the time.

For current and former state parliamentarians, see the [[List of Australian Greens parliamentarians]].

== Other notable members ==
* [[Clive Hamilton]], Greens candidate for the [[2009 Higgins by-election]]
* [[Chris Harris (New South Wales politician)|Chris Harris]], former Greens Councillor for the [[City of Sydney]]
* [[Jean Jenkins (politician)|Jean Jenkins]], former [[Australian Democrats|Democrats]] Senator for Western Australia
* [[Jack Mundey]], trade union leader involved in the [[green ban]]s
* [[Janet Powell]], former [[Australian Democrats|Democrats]] leader
* [[Peter Singer]], moral philosopher and Greens candidate for the [[1994 Kooyong by-election]]
* [[Brian Walters]] SC, prominent human rights lawyer and candidate for the state seat of Melbourne at the 2010 Victorian election
* [[Andrew Wilkie]], former Greens candidate and independent federal member for [[Division of Denison|Denison]] (2010–19) and [[Division of Clark|Clark]] (2019–present)
* [[Julian Burnside]] AO QC, prominent barrister, human rights and refugee advocate, and candidate for the federal seat of [[Division of Kooyong|Kooyong]] in the [[2019 Australian federal election|2019 federal election]]
* [[Jason Ball (activist)|Jason Ball]], former Australian rules football player and mental health advocate, and candidate for [[Division of Higgins|Higgins]] in the [[2019 Australian federal election|2019 federal election]]

== Donors ==
{{See also|Political funding in Australia}}
For the 2015–2016 financial year, the top ten disclosed donors to the Greens were: [[Graeme Wood (businessman)|Graeme Wood]] ($500,000), Duncan Turpie ($500,000), [[Electrical Trades Union of Australia]] ($320,000), [[Louise Crossley]] ($138,000), Anna Hackett ($100,000), Pater Investments ($100,000), Ruth Greble ($35,000), Minax Uriel Ptd Ltd ($39,800) and [[Chilla Bulbeck]] ($30,000).<ref>{{cite web|title=Who did the political parties receive donations from? Search the full dataset|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-01/australian-political-donations-searchable-database-2015-2016/8208090?nw=0|website=www.abc.net.au|date=1 February 2017|access-date=25 January 2021}}</ref>

Since 2017, the Australian Greens have implemented real-time disclosure of donations to them of over $1,000, in an effort to "clean up politics".<ref name="Greens2">{{cite web|url=https://greens.org.au/platform/democracy|title=Clean up politics|website=greens.org.au|access-date=13 June 2019}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Climate change|Environment|Politics|Renewable energy}}
* [[List of Australian Greens parliamentarians]]
* Tasmanian [[Labor–Green Accord]] (1989–1990)
* Australian Capital Territory [[Labor–Greens coalition]]  (2012–2024)
{{Clear}}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book|last1=Lohrey|first1=Amanda|title=Groundswell: The rise of the Greens|date=November 2002|publisher=Quarterly Essay}}
* {{Cite web|first=Scott|last=Bennett|title=The rise of the Australian Greens|place=Australia|publisher=Department of Parliamentary Services|date=September 2008|url=https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp0809/09rp08}}
* {{Cite book|last1=Manning|first1=Paddy|title=Inside the Greens : the Origins and Future of the Party, the People and the Politics.|date=2019|publisher=Schwartz Publishing Pty, Limited|isbn=978-1743821190}}
* {{Cite book|last1=Jackson|first1=Stewart|title=The Australian Greens : from activism to Australia's third party|date=2018|publisher=Melbourne University Publishing|isbn=978-0522869521}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Australian Greens}}
* {{Official website}}

{{Australian Greens}}
{{Current Senate crossbench}}
{{Australian political parties}}
{{Politics of Australia}}
{{Green parties}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Australian Greens| ]]
[[Category:1992 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Global Greens member parties]]
[[Category:Green political parties in Australia]]
[[Category:Non-interventionist parties]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Canberra]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1992]]
[[Category:Renewable energy in Australia]]
[[Category:Republican parties in Australia]]