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{{For|the district|Aurich (district)}}
{{Infobox German location
|type              = Town
|name              = Aurich
|image_photo       = Fussgängerzone Aurich.JPG
|imagesize         = 
|image_caption     = Pedestrian zone in Aurich
|image_flag        = Flagge Aurich.svg
|image_coa         = DEU Aurich COA.svg
|coordinates       = {{Coord|53|28|17|N|07|29|01|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan        = Aurich in AUR.svg
|state             = Niedersachsen
|district          = Aurich
|elevation         = 4
|area              = 197.29
|postal_code       = 26603–26607
|area_code         = 04941
|licence           = AUR
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 4 52 001
|website           = {{URL|https://www.aurich.de/}}
|mayor             = Horst Feddermann<ref name=mayor>{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik.niedersachsen.de/download/169156|title=Verzeichnis der direkt gewählten Bürgermeister/-innen und Landräte/Landrätinnen|date=April 2021|publisher=[[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]]}}</ref>
|leader_term       = 2019&ndash;24
|party             = Independent
}}

'''Aurich''' ({{IPA|de|ˈaʊʁɪç|-|De-Aurich.ogg}}; {{langx|frs|Auerk}}; {{langx|stq|Aurk}} {{IPA|stq|ˈau̯ɐk|}}) is a town in the [[East Frisia]]n region of [[Lower Saxony]], Germany. It is the [[Capital (political)|capital]] of the [[Aurich (district)|district of Aurich]] and is the second largest City in East Frisia, both in population, after [[Emden]], and in area, after [[Wittmund]].

==History==
{{Quote box |width=20em |align=left |bgcolor=GhostWhite
|title=Historical affiliations
|quote={{flagicon image|Ostfriesland Flagge mit Wappen.0.2.svg}} [[County of East Frisia]] 1464–1744<br>
{{flag|Kingdom of Prussia|1750}} 1744–1808<br>
{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Kingdom of Holland]] 1808–1810<br>
{{flag|First French Empire}} 1810–1813<br>
{{flag|Kingdom of Prussia|1803}} 1813–1815<br>
{{flag|Kingdom of Hanover}} 1815–1866<br>
{{flag|Kingdom of Prussia|1803}} 1866–1871<br>
{{flag|German Empire}} 1871–1918<br>
{{flag|Weimar Republic}} 1918–1933<br>
{{flag|Nazi Germany}} 1933–1945<br>
{{flag|Allied-occupied Germany}} 1945–1949<br>
{{flag|West Germany}} 1949–1990<br>
{{flag|Germany}} 1990–present
}}
The history of Aurich dates back to the 13th century, when the settlement of ''Aurechove'' was mentioned in a [[Frisia]]n document called the ''[[Brokmerbrief]]'' in 1276.  There are various hypotheses about the interpretation of the city name. It either refers to a person (Affo, East Frisian first name ) and his property (Reich) or it refers to waterworks on the fertile, water-rich lowland of the Aa (or Ehe) river, upon which the city was built; medieval realizations were Aurichove, Aurike, Aurikehove, Auerk, Auryke, Auwerckhove, Auwerick, Auwerck, Auwreke, Awerck, Awreke, Awrik, Auwerich and Aurickeshove .

In 1517, [[Count Edzard]] from the House of [[Cirksena]] began rebuilding the town after an attack. In 1539, the land authorities were brought together in Aurich, making it the county capital and, later, [[East Frisia]], remaining the seat of the land authorities when East Frisia was inherited by the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] in 1744. After the [[Prussian Army]] was defeated in the [[Battle of Jena]] in 1807, Aurich became part of the [[Kingdom of Holland]] in 1808. In 1810, the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France and Aurich was made the capital of the [[Departments of France|department]] [[Ems-Oriental]] of the [[First French Empire]]. After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, it passed to the [[Kingdom of Hanover]] in 1815, and then was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and made part of the [[Province of Hanover]].

From 21 October 1944, until 23 December 1944, a [[Nazi concentration camp]] was established in Aurich. The camp was a subcamp to the [[Neuengamme concentration camp]].<ref>The camp is listed as No. 51 Aurich, Kreis Aurich in the official German list.</ref>

After [[World War II]], Aurich became part of the new state of [[Lower Saxony]].

==Local council==
The local council has 40 members
The elections in September 2016 showed the following results<ref name="Kommunalwahlen 2016 in der Stadt Aurich 1997">{{cite web | title=Stadtratswahl – Gesamtergebnis | website=Kommunalwahlen 2016 in der Stadt Aurich | date=26 July 1997 | url=https://www.aurich.de/wahlen/kommunal2016/03452001/html5/Ratswahl_NDS_Gemeinde_Stadt_Aurich.html | language=de | access-date=22 February 2021 | archive-date=7 March 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307150350/https://www.aurich.de/wahlen/kommunal2016/03452001/html5/Ratswahl_NDS_Gemeinde_Stadt_Aurich.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]: 13 seats
*[[CDU/CSU|CDU]]: 11 seats
*AWG 4 seats
*Gemeinsam für Aurich (GfA), 4 seats
*[[Alliance 90/The Greens]] 3 seats
*[[The Left (Germany)|The Left]] 2 seats
*Grün-Alternative Politik (GAP)(Green alternative politics) 2 seats
*[[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]], 1 seat

==Coat of arms==
Aurich's coat of arms is drawn by the [[blazon]]: "Arms: Landscape with chief two-thirds sky and base third earth, a [[shield]] Gules emblazoned with letter '[[A]]' Or, an open-topped [[crown (headgear)|crown]] Or above, two growing [[tree]]s Vert at sides. Crown: A [[battlement]] Gules with three merlons and two embrasures. Supporters: Two [[branch]]es of [[mistletoe]] with [[leaf|leaves]] and [[berry|berries]] Or.".

The coat of arms of the district with the [[Aurich (district)|same name]] is different.

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
Aurich is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web|title=Partnerstadt Appingedam|url=https://www.aurich.de/stadtinformationen/partnerstadt-appingedam.html|website=aurich.de|publisher=Aurich|language=de|access-date=4 February 2021|archive-date=9 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209085636/https://www.aurich.de/stadtinformationen/partnerstadt-appingedam.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|NED}} [[Appingedam]], Netherlands

==Notable people==
[[File:Eucken-im-Alter.png|thumb|140px|[[Rudolf Eucken]]]]
[[File:Ellen Frank 013363.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Ellen Frank (actress)|Ellen Frank]], 1938]]
* [[Johan II of East Frisia]] (1538–1591), co-regent of the [[County of East Frisia]].
* [[Enno III, Count of East Frisia]] (1563–1625), [[List of counts of East Frisia|Count of Ostfriesland]] from 1599 to 1625
* [[Liefmann Calmer]] (1711–1784), important personage in French Jewry of the eighteenth century
* [[Johan Heinrich Becker]] (1715–1761), physician and chemist who settled in Norway.
* [[Friedrich August Peter von Colomb]] (1775–1854), [[Prussia]]n general
* [[Rudolf von Jhering]] (1818–1892), jurist.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Jhering, Rudolf von |volume= 15 |last= Ashworth |first= Philip Arthur |author-link= Philip Arthur Ashworth | pages = 413&ndash;414 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs]] (1819–1885), a pathologist
* [[Karl Heinrich Ulrichs]] (1825–1895), lawyer, jurist, journalist, and writer
* [[Hin Bredendieck]] (1904–1995), designer
* [[Ellen Frank (actress)|Ellen Frank]] (1904–1999), a film and TV actress.
* [[Laura Hillman]] (1923–2020), American writer and memoirist, and [[Holocaust]] survivor
* [[Rudolf Eucken]] (1846–1926), philosopher, winner of the 1908 [[Nobel Prize for Literature]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Eucken, Rudolf Christoph |volume= 9 | page = 878 |short= 1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite EB1922 |wstitle= Eucken, Rudolf Christoph |volume = 31 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Georg von Eucken-Addenhausen]] (1855–1942), jurist, politician and mayor of [[Jena]].
* [[Luise Dornemann]] (1901–1992), a women's rights activist-politician and later, a writer.
* [[Karl Deichgräber]] (1903–1984), classical philologist
* [[Yitzhak Raveh]] (1906–1989), Israeli judge
* [[Aloys Wobben]] (1952–2021), engineer
* [[Jan-Christian Dreesen]] (born 1967), chief financial officer of [[FC Bayern Munich|FC Bayern]].
* [[Uwe Rosenberg]] (born 1970), board game designer
* [[Stefan Lampadius]] (born 1976), actor and filmmaker.
* [[Frank Löning]] (born 1981), footballer who played 418 games
* [[Paul Ronzheimer]] (born 1985), journalist and war correspondent

==See also==
*[[List of subcamps of Neuengamme]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{EB1911 Poster|Aurich}}
*{{Official website}} {{in lang|de}}
*Official German list of concentration camps [https://web.archive.org/web/20090423004151/http://bundesrecht.juris.de/begdv_6/anlage_6.html Record of the concentration camp and its sub-camps] {{in lang|de}}

{{Cities and towns in Aurich (district)}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Neuengamme concentration camp]]
[[Category:Aurich (district)]]
[[Category:Towns and villages in East Frisia]]