View source for Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers

{{short description|International scientific and educational organization}}
{{Infobox organization
|name                = The Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers
|image               = 
|size                = 
|caption             = 
|abbreviation        = ALPO
|motto               = 
|formation           = 1947
|extinction          = 
|status              = [[Non-profit organization]]
|purpose             = [[Solar System]] astronomy
|location            = United States
|region_served       = Global
|membership          = 
|leader_title        = Executive Director
|leader_name         = Julius L. Benton Jr.
|main_organ          = 
|parent_organization = 
|affiliations        = 
|budget              = 
|website             = [https://www.alpo-astronomy.org ALPO]
|remarks             = Walter H. Haas (Founder & Director Emeritus)
}}
The '''Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers''' ('''ALPO''' or '''A.L.P.O.''') is an international scientific and educational organization established in March 1947 in the United States by [[Walter H. Haas]], and later incorporated in 1990. ALPO is an organization for advancing and conducting astronomical work by both professional and [[amateur astronomers]] who share an interest in [[Solar System]] observations.<ref>ALPO website, "About ALPO" tab.</ref> It is currently headquartered in [[Springfield, Illinois]].

ALPO studies Solar System objects such as the [[Sun]], the Earth's [[Moon]], [[planets]], [[asteroids]], [[meteors]], and [[comets]]. ALPO stimulates, coordinates, and generally promotes the study of these bodies using methods and instruments available within the communities of both amateur and professional astronomers. The organization holds a conference each summer, usually in conjunction with other astronomical groups.

==Sections==
ALPO had no initial formal structure but later found it necessary to specialize as its membership chose to narrow their studies to certain favored observed celestial objects. ALPO adopted a similar structure with sections like that of the [[British Astronomical Association]] (BAA) in order to properly study the objects observed.  ALPO established interest sections as needed, such as the Saturn Section. Each section would be directed by an individual known as a "recorder", which later became known as "coordinator" (a term still used today). Julius L. Benton still serves to the present day as the first coordinator of the ALPO Saturn Section since its founding in 1971.<ref>(2006) McKim, ''The Observatory''.</ref> One of its most active sections over the decades has been its Lunar Section which would record, extensively draw, and record features on the Earth's Moon, including [[transient lunar phenomenon]] (TLP) [also known as lunar transient phenomenon (LTP)].<ref>(1996) Benton, ''S&T''.</ref> ALPO's "Lunar Recorder" for 1957-1961 was Alika K. Herring, an individual whose drawings of [[lunar craters]] would appear several times in the astronomical magazine [[Sky & Telescope]].<ref>''Sky & Telescope'', various issues, between 1958-1967.</ref> Herring would help determine [[astronomical seeing]] conditions in [[Hawaii]] in conjunction with observations taken by [[Franklin E. Roach]] (not ALPO affiliated) that would eventually determine the establishments of various telescope facilities.

The 19 various sections fall into two main categories: observing, and special. Many of these sections participate with online [[discussion boards]] subgroups contained in [[Yahoo! Groups]] on the [[internet]].

===Observing sections===
Fourteen sections specialize as "Observing Sections". Moving outward from the Sun, they are by object (12): Solar, [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]], [[Venus]], [[Meteorite]], Meteors, Lunar, [[Mars]], [[Minor planet|Minor Planets]], [[Jupiter]], Saturn, Remote Planets, and Comets. By additional phenomena (2) they are: [[Eclipse]], and [[Astronomical transit|Transit]].

===Special sections===
Five sections serve functionally as "Special Sections", fulfilling [[history|historical]] and [[administration of business|administrative]] purposes. They are, alphabetically: Computing, Historical, [[Publication]]s, [[Training|Training Program]], and [[Youth program|Youth Programs]].

==Publications==

ALPO publishes a quarterly periodical, ''The Strolling Astronomer - The Journal of the Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers'' ({{ISSN|0039-2502}}, {{OCLC|1766616}}) since 1947, referred to by abbreviation as both StAst and JALPO. It has published other material on specialized subjects like [[Saturn]],<ref>(1975) Benton.</ref> sometimes later becoming a major publication of note through a major publisher.<ref>(2006) Benton.</ref> ALPO also occasionally issues small works on either astronomical topics or their conference proceedings in its ''ALPO Monographs'' series.

In context, the journal StAst-JALPO was started by its founder Haas in order to provide an archive and formal scholarly study of objects where no existing journal would adequately address publication needs or access.  The journal establishment was similar to the starting of ''[[The Astrophysical Journal]]'' and ''[[The Astronomical Journal]]'' by [[George Ellery Hale]].  ALPO's journal filled a void in planetary science for over a decade prior to the founding of the journal ''[[Icarus (journal)|Icarus]]'' by [[Carl Sagan]] in 1962.

The Minor Planets section of ALPO  publishes ''[[The Minor Planet Bulletin]]''.

==See also==
* [[American Association of Variable Star Observers]] (AAVSO)
* [[Astronomical League]]
* [[List of astronomical societies]]

==Citations==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* (2006) Benton, Julius L., Jr., ''Saturn and How to Observe It'', Astronomers' Observing Guides Series ({{ISSN|1611-7360}}), Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2005 December (printed Singapore), 1st Edition, 184 pp., softbound, {{ISBN|978-1-85233-887-9}}, {{LCCN|20059255111}}.
* (2006) McKim, Richard, "Reviews" [Book], ''[[The Observatory (journal)|The Observatory]]'', {{ISSN|0029-7704}}, volume 126, p.&nbsp;371, 2006 October.
* (1996) Benton, Julius L., Jr., "Tracking Lunar Phenomena", ''Sky & Telescope'', {{ISSN|0037-6604}}, volume 92, number 4, page 30, 1996 October.
* (1975) Benton, Julius L., Jr., ''A Survey of the Principal Techniques and Methods for Conducting Systematic Observations of the Planet Saturn and Its Satellites Through Visual Means'', ALPO, Clinton, South Carolina, 1975, unbound stapled 8 1/2" x 11" sheets, 57 pages [+iii+cover= 61 overall single sided sheets (acid paper)].
* ''[[Sky & Telescope]]'', {{ISSN|0037-6604}}, Sky Publishing Corporation, U.S.A.

==External links==
* [https://www.alpo-astronomy.org/ ALPO Web Site]
* [https://www.alpo-astronomy.org/main/member.html ALPO About Web Section]

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[[Category:Astronomy organizations]]
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[[Category:1947 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Scientific organizations established in 1947]]