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{{redirect|Erdőd|the Croatian village|Erdut}}
{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
|type               = town
|county             = Satu Mare
|image_flag         =
|image_shield       = ROU SM Ardud CoA.png
|image_skyline      = Az erdődi vár.jpg
|image_caption      = Ardud fortress
|image_location     = 
|image_map          = Ardud jud Satu Mare.png
|map_caption        = Location in Satu Mare County
|leader_name        = Ovidiu-Marius Duma<ref>{{cite web |url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final |title=Results of the 2020 local elections |publisher=Central Electoral Bureau |access-date=8 June 2021 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|leader_party       = PNL
|term               = 2020&ndash;2024
|coordinates        = {{coord|47|38|N|22|53|E|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
|elevation          = 148
|elevation_min      = 
|elevation_max      = 
|area_total         = 142.63
|area_footnotes     = 
|population_as_of   = 
|population_total   = auto
|population_footnotes = 
|postal_code        = 447020
|area_code          = (+40) 02 61
|website            = {{URL|https://orasardud.ro/}}
|}}

'''Ardud''' ({{langx|hu|Erdőd}}, <small>Hungarian pronunciation: </small>{{convertIPA-hu|’|e|r|d|ő|d}}; {{langx|de|Erdeed}}) is a town situated in [[Satu Mare County]], [[Transylvania]], [[Romania]]. It administers five villages: Ardud-Vii ({{lang|hu|Erdődhegy}}), Baba Novac ({{lang|hu|Lajosmajor}}), Gerăușa ({{lang|hu|Oláhgyűrűs}}), Mădăras ({{lang|hu|Nagymadarász}}), and Sărătura ({{lang|hu|Sóspuszta}}).

==History==
The town has a complex history, having in different periods been part the [[Kingdom of Hungary]], [[Ottoman Empire]], [[Habsburg monarchy]], and the [[Kingdom of Romania]].

After the collapse of [[Austria-Hungary]] at the end of [[World War I]], and the declaration of the [[Union of Transylvania with Romania]], the [[Romanian Army]] took control of Ardud in April 1919, during the [[Hungarian–Romanian War]]. The city officially became part of the territory ceded to the Kingdom of Romania in June 1920 under the terms of the [[Treaty of Trianon]]. In August 1940, under the auspices of [[Nazi Germany]], which imposed the [[Second Vienna Award]], [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|Hungary]] retook the territory of [[Northern Transylvania]] (which included Ardud) from Romania. Towards the end of [[World War II]], however, the city was taken back from Hungarian and [[Nazi Germany|German]] troops by Romanian and [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] forces in October 1944.

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|source = Census data<ref>[http://nepszamlalas.adatbank.transindex.ro/?pg=felekezeti&id=2160 Census Database]</ref>
|1869 | 4357
|1880 | 4071
|1890 | 4926
|1900 | 5742
|1910 | 6302
|1920 | 6472
|1930 | 7313
|1941 | 8047
|1956 | 8331
|1966 | 8301
|1977 | 8393
|1992 | 6572
|2002 | 6486
|2011 | 5889
|2021 | 6124
}}

The [[2011 Romanian census|2011 census]] recorded a total population of 5,889; of these, 59.2% were [[Romanians]], 18.6% [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]], 16.1% [[Romani people in Romania|Roma]], and 4.8% [[Germans of Romania|Germans]].<ref name="rec2011">[http://www.satumare.insse.ro/phpfiles/rezultateprovizorii.pdf 2011 Romanian census data]</ref> In 2002, 41.7% were [[Romanian Orthodox Church|Romanian Orthodox]], 32.7% [[Catholic Church in Romania|Roman Catholic]], 13.9% [[Romanian Greek Catholic Church|Greek-Catholic]], 5.1% [[Pentecostal Union of Romania|Pentecostal]], 4.2% [[Reformed Church of Romania|Reformed]] and 2.3% [[Baptist Union of Romania|Baptist]].<ref>[http://www.dri.gov.ro/cd-2006/documente/satu_mare/ardud_maghiara.htm Romanian Government Department of Interethnic Relations {{in lang|ro}}] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717111235/http://www.dri.gov.ro/cd-2006/documente/satu_mare/ardud_maghiara.htm |date=July 17, 2011 }}</ref> At the [[2021 Romanian census|2021 census]], Ardud had a population of 6,124; of those, 61.17% were Romanians, 14.12% Hungarians, 8.23% Roma, and 2.38% Germans.<ref name="RPL2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Tabel-1.03_1.3.1-si-1.03.2.xls|title=Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Romania)|INSSE]]|language=ro|date=31 May 2023}}</ref>

==Notable residents==
* [[Sándor Petőfi]] married [[Júlia Szendrey]] in Ardud.{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}}{{Clarify|date=August 2011}}
* Ardud is the hometown of [[Hungarians|Hungarian]] archbishop, [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]] and statesman [[Tamás Bakócz]].

==In popular culture==
The 2022 drama film [[Sparta (film)|Sparta]] was filmed in Germany, Austria, and Romania. Filming in Romania took place in the winter of 2018–2019 and the summer of 2019, the primary location being the village of Baba Novac in Ardud.<ref name="spiegel">{{cite news|last1=Beier|first1=Lars-Olav|last2=von Laffert|first2=Bartholomäus|last3=Müller|first3=Pascale|last4=Marinescu|first4=Delia|date=2 September 2022|url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/accusations-of-child-exploitation-haunt-austrian-filmmaker-ulrich-seidl-a-348eb7ed-096c-4da8-ab09-c3343cce773b|title=Accusations of Child Exploitation Haunt Austrian Filmmaker Ulrich Seidl|work=[[Der Spiegel (website)|Spiegel International]]|access-date=19 October 2023}}</ref>

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania}}

Ardud is [[town twinning|twinned]] with:
*{{Flag icon|France}} [[Trevoux]] (1990)
*{{Flag icon|France}} [[La Martyre]] (1992)
*{{Flag icon|Hungary}} [[Szakoly]] (2004)
*{{Flag icon|Hungary}} [[Napkor]] (2005)
*{{Flag icon|Ukraine}} [[Velyki Berehy]] (2005)

==References==
{{Commons category|Ardud}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Gallery
|File:View of Ardud from the Ardud Fortress 2012.JPG|View of Ardud from the fortress (2012)
|File:Church in Ardud, Romania.jpg|Church in Ardud
|File:Sărătura, Ardud, Satu Mare, România - NOV2022.jpg|Aerial view of Sărătura village
}}

{{LocalitiesSatuMare}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Romania]]
[[Category:Populated places in Satu Mare County]]
[[Category:Erdődy family]]

{{SatuMare-geo-stub}}