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{{Short description|Town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Apatity
|ru_name=Апатиты
|image_skyline=Apatity and Khibiny mountains.JPG
|image_caption=Apatity and Khibiny Mountains
|coordinates={{coord|67|34|N|33|24|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Apatity (Murmansk oblast) (2013).jpg
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Apatity (Murmansk oblast).png
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Murmansk Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref395" />
|adm_city_jur=Apatity [[City of federal subject significance|Town with Jurisdictional Territory]]
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref395" />
|adm_ctr_of=Apatity Town with Jurisdictional Territory
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref395" />
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref395" />
|urban_okrug_jur=Apatity Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref808" />
|mun_admctr_of=Apatity Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref808" />
|leader_title=Mayor
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=Konstantin Gumenichenko
|leader_name_ref=
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=59672
|pop_2010census_rank=276th
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1935
|established_title=Urban locality
|established_date_ref=<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|page=22}}</ref>
|current_cat_date=July&nbsp;7, 1966
|current_cat_date_ref=<ref name="ATSBook57" />
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=184209
|postal_codes_ref=<ref>Local post office http://www.russianpost.ru/PostOfficeFindInterface/FindOPSByPostOfficeID.aspx?index=184209 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311154328/http://www.russianpost.ru/PostOfficeFindInterface/FindOPSByPostOfficeID.aspx?index=184209 |date=March 11, 2012 }}</ref>
|dialing_codes=81555
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://apatity.gov-murman.ru/
}}

'''Apatity'''{{refn|{{IPA|ru|əpɐˈtʲitɨ|}}}} ({{langx|ru|Апатиты}}, {{Literally|[[apatite]]s}}) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] in [[Murmansk Oblast]], [[Russia]], located along the [[Murman Railway]], {{convert|23|km|sp=us|abbr=on}} west of [[Kirovsk, Murmansk Oblast|Kirovsk]] and {{convert|185|km|sp=us|abbr=on}} south of [[Murmansk]], the [[administrative center]] of the [[oblast]]. The town is named after one of its most abundant natural resources in the area, [[apatite]], the raw mineral used in the production of phosphorus mineral fertilizers. Population: {{ru-census2010|59,672|.}}{{Historical populations|5=1939|6=4409|7=1959|8=13958|9=1970|10=45627|11=1979|12=62010|13=1989|14=88026|15=2002|16=64405|17=2010|18=59672|19=2021|20=49647|footnote=Population size may be affected by changes in administrative divisions.|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web|title=(USSR) Urban population of the union republics, and their territorial units|url=https://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/census.php}}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls | title = Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года. Том. 1, таблица 4. Численность населения России, федеральных округов, субъектов Российской Федерации, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов - райцентров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120203125040/http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls | url-status = dead | archivedate = 2012-02-03 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | url = http://krasstat.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/krasstat/resources/20d7bd804eba60379580f5263284271d/1.10.xlsx | title = Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Итоги по Красноярскому краю. 1.10 Численность населения гор.округов, мун.районов, гор. и сел. поселе | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222093629/http://krasstat.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/krasstat/resources/20d7bd804eba60379580f5263284271d/1.10.xlsx | url-status = dead | archivedate = 2015-12-22 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx | title = Таблица 5. Численность населения России, федеральных округов, субъектов Российской Федерации, городских округов, муниципальных районов, муниципальных округов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов с населением 3000 человек и более - Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2021 года | accessdate = 2021-10-01 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220901194902/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx | url-status = dead | archivedate = 2022-09-01 }}</ref>}}

==Geography==
The town is located on the [[Kola Peninsula]], between [[Lake Imandra]] and the [[Khibiny Mountains]], by the left bank of the [[Belaya (Lake Imandra)|Belaya River]].<ref name="GЕ">[[Google Earth]]</ref>

==History==
The [[passing loop]] of Bely ({{lang|ru|разъезд Бе́лый}}) on the [[Kirov Railway|Leningrad–Murmansk Railway]] was built in 1926 and the settlement of Apatity was founded in 1930. It was classified as an urban locality by the [[All-Russian Central Executive Committee]] (VTsIK) Resolution of August&nbsp;20, 1935, when the settlement of [[pri sovkhoze "Industriya"]] was merged into Apatity and it was granted [[urban-type settlement|work settlement]] status.<ref name="ATSBook49">''Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast'', pp.&nbsp;49–50</ref>

Many of the early settlers in the Apatity area were former "[[kulak|rich peasants]]" from several regions of Northwestern Russia, resettled to Murmansk Oblast as part of Stalin's [[Dekulakization]] program. Members of certain ethnic minorities were deported to Apatity as well.<ref>M.P. Ilyina, "[http://www.sakharov-center.ru/asfcd/auth/?t=page&num=8895   Этого забыть нельзя] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022043043/http://www.sakharov-center.ru/asfcd/auth/?t=page&num=8895 |date=October 22, 2013 }}" (This cannot be forgotten), in "Спецпереселенцы в Хибинах : Спецпереселенцы и заключенные в истории освоения Хибин : (книга воспоминаний)" ('''Special settlers' in the Khibins: Special settlers and convicts in the history of the developments of the [[Khibiny Mountains|Khibins]]''). The Khibiny Branch of the Memorial Society, Apatity, 1997, pp. 112-113</ref>

On January&nbsp;6, 1966, the Murmansk Oblast Executive Committee petitioned to transform the work settlement of [[Molodyozhny, Murmansk Oblast|Molodyozhny]] in jurisdiction of Kirovsk into a town under oblast jurisdiction called Khibinogorsk and on subordinating a part of the area in Kirovsk's jurisdiction to it.<ref name="ATSBook57">''Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast'', pp.&nbsp;57–58</ref> The petition was reviewed by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR, which, however, decreed on July&nbsp;7, 1966 to merge the work settlements of Molodyozhny and Apatity into a town under oblast jurisdiction, which would retain the name Apatity.<ref name="ATSBook57" /> Consequently, the Murmansk Oblast Executive Committee subordinated a part of the territory in Kirovsk's jurisdiction to the new town by the decision of October&nbsp;13, 1966.<ref name="ATSBook57" />

By the November&nbsp;29, 1979 Decree by the [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR]], [[Kovdorsky District]] was formed from the parts of the territory in Apatity's jurisdiction.<ref name="ATSBook57" /> The work settlement of [[Polyarnye Zori]] subordinated to Apatity was elevated in status to that of a town under oblast jurisdiction by another Decree of April&nbsp;22, 1991.<ref name="ATSBook57" /> A part of the territory in jurisdiction of Apatity was also transferred to Polyarnye Zori by the Decision of the Presidium of the Murmansk Oblast Soviet of People's Deputies of May&nbsp;16, 1991.<ref name="ATSBook57" />

==Administrative and municipal status==
Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated as '''Apatity [[City of federal subject significance|Town with Jurisdictional Territory]]'''—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the [[administrative divisions of Murmansk Oblast|districts]].<ref name="Ref395">Law #96-01-ZMO</ref> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], Apatity Town with Jurisdictional Territory is incorporated as '''Apatity Urban Okrug'''.<ref name="Ref808">Law #532-01-ZMO</ref>

==Economy==
{{see also|Kola Alkaline Province}}
The main employer of Apatity is [[joint-stock company|JSC]] "Apatit", the largest mining and concentrating enterprise in Europe and Russia. Other employers include the Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Science and various state and private enterprises.

The joint civilian-military [[Kirovsk-Apatity Airport]] is located {{convert|15|km|sp=us}} southeast of the town

==Museums==
*Museum of Investigation and Development History of the European North of Russia (International Cultural Center of KSC RAS);
*Museum of regional studies and history (municipal);
*Geological museum (KSC RAS);
*Mineralogical museum (The Institute of Geology KSC RAS)

==Notable people==
*[[Larisa Arap]], [[psikhushka]] [[whistleblower]]
*[[Maxim Kononenko]], journalist
*[[Andrey Malakhov]], television personality
*[[Fedor Fedorov (ice hockey)]], ice hockey forward

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia}}

===Twin towns and sister cities===
Apatity is [[twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
*{{Flagicon|Norway}} [[Alta Municipality|Alta]], [[Norway]]<ref name="Alta">{{cite web |url=http://www.alta.kommune.no/vennskapsbyer.530847-72060.html |title=Altas vennskapsbyer |access-date=April 26, 2012 |publisher=Alta municipality |language=no |archive-date=September 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902102633/http://www.alta.kommune.no/vennskapsbyer.530847-72060.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*{{Flagicon|Sweden}} [[Boden Municipality]], [[Sweden]]
*{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Keminmaa]], [[Finland]]

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|mur|adm|law}}
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|mur|mun|list|apatity}}
*{{Cite book|last=Архивный отдел Администрации Мурманской области. Государственный Архив Мурманской области.|title=Административно-территориальное деление Мурманской области (1920-1993 гг.). Справочник|publisher=Мурманское издательско-полиграфическое предприятие "Север"|year=1995|location=Мурманск}}

==External links==
{{wikivoyage}}
*[http://apatity.gov-murman.ru/ Official website of Apatity] {{in lang|ru}}
*[https://apatityi.jsprav.ru/ Directory of organizations in Apatity] {{in lang|ru}}

{{Murmansk Oblast}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2012}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Murmansk Oblast]]
[[Category:Cities and towns built in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1930]]
[[Category:Populated places of Arctic Russia]]
[[Category:1935 establishments in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Former urban-type settlements of Murmansk Oblast]]