View source for Andrew Weil

{{Short description|American physician and author (born 1942)}}
{{distinguish|text=French mathematician [[André Weil]], or with American writer [[Andy Weir]]}}
{{Lead rewrite|date=November 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2025}}
{{Infobox person
|image=Andrew Weil 01.jpg
|image_caption=Weil in 2015
|birth_name = Andrew Thomas Weil
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|6|8}}
|birth_place = [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania, U.S.
|occupation = Medical Doctor, author
|alma_mater = [[Harvard University]]
|years_active = 
|known_for = 
|notable_works =
}}

'''Andrew Thomas Weil''' ({{IPAc-en|w|aɪ|l}}, born June 8, 1942) is an American [[celebrity doctor]] who advocates [[integrative medicine]].<ref name=LAT2010>{{cite news|last1=Jameson|first1=Marni|title=The cult of celebrity doctors|url=https://www.latimes.com/style/la-xpm-2010-jun-14-la-he-celeb-docs-20100614-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=14 June 2010}}</ref><ref name=CSPItrustintocash/><ref name=GumpertBloom06/>

==Early life and education==
Weil was born in [[Philadelphia]], on June 8, 1942,<ref name="EB15">The editors of EB (2015). "Andrew Weil, American Physician", In ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (online, 18 November), see [http://www.britannica.com/biography/Andrew-Weil], accessed 18 November 2015.</ref> the only child of parents who operated a [[millinery]] store,<ref name=EB15/> in a family that was [[Reform Judaism|Reform Jewish]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/books/970824weil.html|title=Andrew Weil, Shaman, M.D.|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> He graduated from high school in 1959, and was awarded a scholarship from the [[American Association for the United Nations]],<ref name=EB15/> giving him the opportunity to go abroad for a year, during which he lived with families in [[India]], [[Thailand]], and [[Greece]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Collins|first=Judy|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2EhDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT92|title=Cravings: How I Conquered Food|date=2017-02-28|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-385-54132-9|pages=92ff|language=en|chapter=15 - Lives of the diet gurus; Dr. Andrew Weil}}</ref> From this experience, he became convinced that American culture and science was insular and unaware of non-American practices. He began hearing that [[mescaline]] enhanced creativity and produced visionary experiences, and finding little information on the subject, he read ''[[The Doors of Perception]]'' by [[Aldous Huxley]].{{when|date=November 2015}}<ref name=lattin/>{{rp|24f}}

In 1960, Weil entered [[Harvard University]], where he majored in [[biology]] with a concentration in [[ethnobotany]].<ref name=EB15/> At Harvard, he developed curiosity about [[psychoactive drug]]s. He met Harvard psychologists [[Timothy Leary]] and [[Richard Alpert]], and separately engaged in organized experimentation with mescaline.<ref name = GarnerLattinRev10>{{cite journal | author = Garner, Dwight | date = January 7, 2010 | title = Books of the ''Times'': Tune In, Turn On, Turn Page [Review, "The Harvard Psychedelic Club: How Timothy Leary, Ram Dass, Huston Smith and Andrew Weil Killed the Fifties and Ushered In a New Age for America," by Don Lattin] | journal = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/08/books/08book.html?_r=0 | access-date = 17 November 2015 }}</ref> Weil wrote for ''[[The Harvard Crimson|Harvard Crimson]]''.<ref name=lattin/>{{rp|86}}<ref name = CrimsonIndex>{{cite journal | author = Anon. | year = 1962 | title = Writer: Andrew T. Weil | journal = The Harvard Crimson | url = http://www.thecrimson.com/writer/5801/Andrew_T._Weil/page/2/ | access-date = 17 November 2015 }}</ref> One published account of the period describes a falling out of Weil from the group that included the faculty—among whom the experimentation with drugs was contentious, and with regard to undergraduates, proscribed;<ref name = SmithCrimson62>{{cite journal | author = Smith, Robert E. | date=March 15, 1962 | title = Psychologists Disagree On Psilocybin Research | journal = The Harvard Crimson | url = http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1962/3/15/psychologists-disagree-on-psilocybin-research-pmembers/ | access-date = 17 November 2015 }}</ref><ref name = FinneganFreedCrimson13>{{cite journal |author1=Finnegan, John P.  |author2=Freed, David  | date=May 27, 2013 | title = In Early 1960s, Experiments With Hallucinogenics Caused Major Uproar, Minor Shake-up | journal = The Harvard Crimson | url = http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/5/27/freedo_lsd_lucyinthesky_1963/?page=1    | access-date = 17 November 2015 }}</ref> the falling out involved an exposé on drug-use and supply that Weil wrote for the ''Crimson''.<ref name = GarnerLattinRev10/> Weil wrote of faculty experimentation with drugs in a series of ''Crimson'' pieces:<ref name=Doblin00>{{cite thesis |last= Doblin |first= Richard Elliot | year = 2000 |title= Regulation of the Medical Use of Psychedelics and Marijuana (June 2000) | pages = 5–69, esp. 36 | type= PhD |chapter= The Evolution of the Regulation of the Medical Uses of Psychedelic Drugs and Marijuana (Chapter 1) | location = Cambridge, MA | publisher= Harvard University |chapter-url= https://www.psychologytoday.com/files/attachments/90761/doblinharvard2000regulation-the-medical-use-psychedelics-and-marijuana.pdf |access-date= 18 November 2015 }}</ref>

* "Better Than a Damn", (February 20, 1962), his apparent first ''Crimson'' piece;<ref name = CrimsonIndex/><ref name = WeilCrimson62>{{cite journal | author = Weil, Andrew T. | date = February 20, 1962 | title = Better Than a Damn | journal = The Harvard Crimson | page = 2 | url = http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1962/2/20/better-than-a-damn-pwhen-aldous/ | access-date = 17 November 2015 | quote = Subtitle: From the Bottle. }}</ref>
* "Alpert Defends Drugs on 'Open End,{{'}}" (May 27, 1963);<ref name = WeilCrimson63a>{{cite journal | author = Weil, Andrew T. | date =  May 27, 1963 | title = Alpert Defends Drugs on 'Open End' | journal = The Harvard Crimson | pages = 1, 6 }}</ref> and
* "Investigation Unlikely in Dismissal of Alpert", (May 29, 1963).<ref name = WeilCrimson63b>{{cite journal | author = Weil, Andrew T. | date = May 29, 1963 | title = Investigation Unlikely in Dismissal of Alpert | journal = The Harvard Crimson | page = 1 | url = http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1963/5/29/investigation-unlikely-in-dismissal-of-alpert/ | access-date = 17 November 2015 | quote = Faculty Members Regret Lack of Details, But See No Issue of Academic Freedom. }}</ref>

and that this reporting included the claim that "undergraduates had indeed been able to obtain access to psilocybin from members" of the Harvard faculty research team that was involved in such research.<ref name=Doblin00/> As late as 1973, Weil's name appears in conjunction with an editorial regarding the 1963 firing of Alpert, which stated the view that it would be "unfortunate if the firing of Richard Alpert led to the suppression of legitimate research into the effects of hallucinogenic compounds," distancing himself and the ''Crimson'' from the "shoddiness of their work as scientists&nbsp;... less [the result] of incompetence than of a conscious rejection of scientific ways of looking at things."<ref name = WeilRussinCrimson73>{{cite journal |author1=Russin, Joseph M.  |author2=Weil, Andrew T. | date = January 24, 1973 | title = The Crimson Takes Leary, Alpert to Task | journal = The Harvard Crimson | url = http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1973/1/24/the-crimson-takes-leary-alpert-to/ | access-date = 17 November 2015 | quote = 'Roles' & 'Games' In William James.  }}</ref>

Weil's undergraduate thesis was titled "The Use of Nutmeg as a Psychotropic Agent,"<ref name = GarnerLattinRev10/> specifically, on the [[narcotic]] properties of [[nutmeg]],<ref name=AoA10>{{cite web|title= Andrew Weil Biography and Interview |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://www.achievement.org/achiever/andrew-weil-m-d/#interview}}</ref> chair of the Department of Social Relations, and a former director of Harvard's Center for Research in Personality.<ref name = FinneganFreedCrimson13/> In 1964, he graduated ''[[cum laude]]'' with a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in biology.<ref name=EB15/>

===Medical training===
Weil entered [[Harvard Medical School]], "not with the intention of becoming a physician but rather simply to obtain a medical education."<ref name=EB15/> He received a medical degree in 1968,<ref name="Baer03">Baer, H.A. (2003). "The Work of Andrew Weil and Deepak Chopra—Two Holistic Health/New Age Gurus: A Critique of the Holistic Health/New Age Movements", ''[[Medical Anthropology Quarterly]]''. '''17''' (2, June): 233-250, esp. 233f, 236, see [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12846118] and [https://borderlandsofhealthandwellness.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/critique-of-new-age-health-gurus.pdf] and [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3655336], accessed 20 November 2015.</ref><ref name="Baer04">{{Cite book|last1=Baer|first1=H. A.|title=Toward an Integrative Medicine: Merging Alternative Therapies with Biomedicine|journal=Medical Anthropology Quarterly|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield/AltaMira|year=2004|isbn=978-0759103023|volume=17|location=Walnut Creek, CA |pages=119–136, esp. 120, 132f, and ''passim''|chapter=Deconstructing Andrew Weil and Deepak Chopra (Chapter 5)|doi=10.1525/maq.2003.17.2.233|pmid=12846118|access-date=18 November 2015|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=075910302X|issue=2|s2cid=28219719}}</ref><ref name=people>{{cite journal|last1=Lasswell|first1=Mark|title=Mind Opener|journal=People|date=25 September 1995|volume=45|issue=13|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20101670,00.html|access-date=23 November 2014}}</ref> although "the Harvard faculty&nbsp;... threatened to withhold it because of a controversial marijuana study Weil had helped conduct" in his final year.<ref name=EB15/> Weil moved to [[San Francisco]] and completed a one-year medical internship at [[UCSF Medical Center|Mount Zion Hospital]] in 1968–69.<ref name=Baer03/><ref name=Baer04/><ref name="Quackwatch10March2002">{{cite web|last1=Relman|first1=Arnold|author-link=Arnold Relman|title=A Trip to Stonesville: Some Notes on Andrew Weil, M.D.|url=http://www.quackwatch.org/11Ind/weil.html|website=Quackwatch|access-date=8 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124012615/http://www.quackwatch.org/11Ind/weil.html|archive-date=24 January 2017|date=8 March 2002}}</ref> While there, he volunteered at the [[Haight-Ashbury Free Clinic]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Harm Reduction – Haight Ashbury & Free Clinic Archives |url=http://haightashburyarchives.org/harm-reduction/ |access-date=2025-08-31 |language=en-US}}</ref> Weil went on to complete one year of a two-year program at NIH, resigning due to "official opposition to his work with marijuana."<ref name=Quackwatch10March2002/>

==Career==
Following his internship, Weil took a position with the [[National Institute of Mental Health]] (NIMH) that lasted approximately one year, to pursue his interests in research on marijuana and other drugs;<ref name=Baer03/><ref name=Baer04/> during this time he may have received formal institutional permission to acquire marijuana for the research.<ref name=lattin>{{cite book|last1=Lattin|first1=Don|title=The Harvard Psychedelic Club|url=https://archive.org/details/harvardpsychedel00latt|url-access=registration|date=2010|publisher=HarperCollins | location=New York, NY |isbn=9780061655944|edition=Paperback}}</ref>{{rp|145f}}

Weil is reported to have experienced opposition to this line of inquiry at the NIMH, to have departed to his rural northern Virginia home (1971-1972), and to have begun his practices of vegetarianism, yoga, and meditation, and work on writing ''The Natural Mind'' (1972).<ref name=Baer03/><ref name=Baer04/> At the same time, Weil began an affiliation with the Harvard Botanical Museum that would span from 1971 to 1984, where his work included duties as a research associate investigating "the properties of medicinal and psychoactive plants."<ref name=Baer03/><ref name=Baer04/> His interests led him to explore the healing systems of indigenous people, and with this aim, Weil traveled throughout South America and other parts of the world, "collecting information about medicinal plants and healing," from 1971 to 1975, as a fellow for the [[Institute of Current World Affairs]].<ref name=Baer03/><ref name=Baer04/><ref>{{cite web| author = ICWA | year = 2015 | title = Past Fellows: Andrew T. Weil, Years: 1971-1975, Topic: Altered States of Consciousness, Area: Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Colombia, United States | location = Washington, DC, US | publisher = [[Institute of Current World Affairs]] | url=http://www.icwa.org/past-fellows/?as=Weil | access-date=21 November 2015}}</ref>

In 1994, Weil founded the Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine at the [[University of Arizona College of Medicine]] in [[Tucson, Arizona]].<ref name=OUPbio>{{cite book|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/integrative-oncology-9780199329724?lang=en&cc=us#|title=Integrative Oncology|date=2014-09-03|work=oup.com|access-date=21 November 2015|isbn=9780199329724|publisher=Oxford University Press|series=Weil Integrative Medicine Library}}</ref><ref name=UofA>{{cite web| title=Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine, Leadership Team| url=https://integrativemedicine.arizona.edu/about/leadership.html}}</ref>

Andrew Weil is the founder of [[True Food Kitchen]], a restaurant chain serving meals on the premise that food should make one feel better. There are currently 44 restaurants in the chain.

Weil is credited with popularizing the 4-7-8 breathing technique.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/09/16/health/4-7-8-breathing-technique-relaxing-wellness|title=4-7-8 breathing: How to use this method for sleep or anxiety|last=Rogers|first=Kristen|date=March 14, 2023|website=[[CNN]]|access-date=October 17, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://health.clevelandclinic.org/4-7-8-breathing|title=4-7-8 Breathing Method For Sleep and Relaxation|date=September 6, 2022|website=[[Cleveland Clinic]]|access-date=October 17, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.webmd.com/balance/what-to-know-4-7-8-breathing|title=What is 4-7-8 breathing? The benefits of mindful breathing on health and wellness|others=Reviewed by Gabriela Pichardo, MD|date=June 27, 2023|website=[[WebMD]]|access-date=October 17, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.health.com/news/4-7-8-breathing-technique-sleep|title=The 4-7-8 Breathing Method May Help You Sleep Better|last=Landwehr|first=Julia|date=September 22, 2022|website=[[Health (magazine)|Health]]|access-date=October 17, 2025}}</ref>

==View of conventional medicine==
[[Evidence-based medicine]] is a stated central component of the higher-order "system of systems" Weil envisions [[integrative medicine]] to be.<ref name=BellWeil02/> It is clear that in both scholarly/academic and popular settings, Weil's statements suggest practices from [[alternative medicine|alternative therapies]] as being something to add to conventional medical treatment plans.<ref name=BellWeil02/><ref name="publishersweekly1"/> However, Weil is also on record speaking disparagingly of conventional, evidence-based medicine, both in academic and popular contexts. For instance, he is quoted as having said to a group commencing after a month-long training program in integrative medicine at the Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine that "that [[evidence-based medicine]], at its worst, 'is exactly analogous to religious fundamentalism'" (though the source leaves unclear whether any specific aspect of evidence-based medicine was given).<ref name="Econ15">{{cite news|author=Anon|date=April 14, 2012|title=Medicine and its rivals: The believers|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/international/2012/04/14/the-believers|access-date=17 November 2015|quote=Subtitle: Alternative therapies are increasingly mainstream. That means headaches for scientists—and no cure in sight.}}</ref>

==Influences and philosophy==
{{BLP sources section|date=March 2022}}
Weil acknowledges many experiences and individuals that have influenced his philosophical and spiritual ideas, and the techniques he considers valid in his approach to [[medicine]]. Weil has been open about his own history of experimental and [[recreational drug use]], including experiences with [[narcotic]]s and [[Psychoactive drug|mind-altering substances]].<ref name=No_Bad_Drugs>{{cite journal|url=http://www.doitnow.org/pages/weil.html|author1=Jim Parker|author2=Christina Dye|title=No Bad Drugs: Interview with Dr. Andrew Weil|journal=Newservice|date=May–June 1983Z|pages=22–31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://www.doitnow.org/pages/weil.html|archive-date=March 3, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> Among the individuals who strongly influenced his personal and professional life is the late [[osteopath]] [[Robert C. Fulford]], who specialized in [[cranial manipulation]].<ref>{{cite news |author =Huba, S.|date=April 2, 1997|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-67898989.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023115014/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-67898989.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 23, 2012|title=Holistic healing's new role|newspaper=[[The Cincinnati Post]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author =Weil, A.| year= 2011 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_LTOCLZ-dUEC&pg=PT35 |orig-year = 1995 | title= Spontaneous healing |page=35 | location=New York, NY |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf|Knopf]] | isbn= 9780679436072 | quote = Subtitle: : How to discover and enhance your body's natural ability to maintain and heal itself. }}</ref> Weil has further stated that he respects the work of psychologist [[Martin Seligman]], who pioneered the field of [[positive psychology]] and now directs the Positive Psychology Center at the [[University of Pennsylvania]]. Weil has also professed admiration for the work of Stephen Ilardi, professor of psychology at the [[University of Kansas]], and author of ''The Depression Cure''.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Weil, Andrew | date = October 30, 2011 | title = Culture: Andrew Weil's Spontaneous Happiness, Our Nature-Deficit Disorder | journal =  Newsweek | url=http://www.newsweek.com/andrew-weils-spontaneous-happiness-our-nature-deficit-disorder-68053?piano_t=1 | access-date= 17 November 2015 }}</ref>

Weil is widely recognized as having a seminal role in establishing the field of [[integrative medicine]], where this field is defined as:{{blockquote|a higher-order system of systems of care that emphasizes wellness and healing of the entire person (bio-psycho-socio-spiritual dimensions) as primary goals, drawing on both conventional and CAM [complementary and alternative medicine] approaches in the context of a supportive and effective physician-patient relationship.<ref name=BellWeil02>{{cite journal  | vauthors=Bell IR, Caspi O, Schwartz GE, Grant KL, Gaudet TW, Rychener D, Maizes V, Weil A | title=Integrative medicine and systemic outcomes research: issues in the emergence of a new model for primary health care |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=162 |issue=2 |pages=133–40 |date=January 2002  |pmid=11802746 |doi=10.1001/archinte.162.2.133 }}</ref>}} He says that patients are urged to take the [[Western medicine]] prescribed by their physicians, and—in what ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'' describes as a message "becoming a signature formula"— "bend the 'biomedical model' [conventional, evidence-based medicine] to incorporate alternative therapies, including supplements like omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and herbal remedies; [and] meditation and other 'spiritual' strategies."<ref name="publishersweekly1">{{cite journal | date = August 22, 2011 | title = Nonfiction Book Review: Spontaneous Happiness, Andrew Weil, author | journal = [[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref> Proper [[nutrition]], [[exercise]], and [[stress reduction]] are also emphasized by Weil.<ref name="publishersweekly1"/> In particular, he is a proponent of diets that are rich in organic fruits, organic vegetables, and fish, and is a vocal critic of foods and diets rich in [[trans fat|partially hydrogenated oils]].<ref name="Weil2005">{{cite web |last1=Weil |first1=Andrew |title=Spotting Trans-Fatty Acids? |url=https://www.drweil.com/diet-nutrition/nutrition/spotting-trans-fatty-acids/ |website=DrWeil.com |access-date=23 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323224447/https://www.drweil.com/diet-nutrition/nutrition/spotting-trans-fatty-acids/ |archive-date=March 23, 2022 |date=March 31, 2005}}</ref> In an interview on ''[[Larry King Live]]'', Weil focused on a view that sugar, starch, refined carbohydrates, and trans-fats are more dangerous to the human body than [[saturated fats]].

Regarding treatment strategies, their side effects, and their efficacy, Weil advocates for the use of whole plants as a less problematic approach in comparison to synthetic pharmaceuticals. In addition, Weil is an advocate of incorporating specific [[medicinal mushrooms]] into one's diet.<ref name="Stamets2020">{{cite book |last1=Stamets |first1=Paul |title=Fantastic Fungi |year=2020 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-64722-172-0 |page=85 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R5vVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT85 |language=en}}</ref>

Weil has expressed opposition to the [[war on drugs]],<ref name="WeilRosen2004">{{cite book |last1=Weil |first1=Andrew |last2=Rosen |first2=Winifred |title=From Chocolate to Morphine: Everything You Need to Know About Mind-Altering Drugs |year=2004 |publisher=HMH |isbn=978-0-547-52566-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p6zyPxi4PYoC&pg=PA100 |page=100 |language=en}}</ref> and takes a measured, nuanced approach to the use of recreational drugs.<ref>Weil & Rosen 2004, pp. 111–112</ref>

==Publications==
===Overview===
While Weil's early books and publications primarily explored [[altered states of consciousness]],{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} he has since expanded the scope of his work to encompass healthy lifestyles and health care in general.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} In the last ten years, Weil has focused much of his work on the health concerns of older people.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} In his book ''Healthy Aging'', Weil looks at the process of growing older from a physical, social, and cross-cultural perspective,{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} and in his book ''Why our Health Matters'' is focused on [[health care reform]].{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

Of his books, several have appeared on various bestseller lists, both as hardbacks and as paperbacks (many appearing so in the 1990s<ref name="publishersweekly3">{{cite journal |author1=Maryles, Daisy  |author2=Riippa, Laurele | date = March 19, 2001 | title = How They Landed On Top | journal = Publishers Weekly | url = http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/20010319/21195-how-they-landed-on-top.html | access-date = 25 November 2015 | quote = Subtitle: In fiction, selling what sells; in nonfiction, small became beautiful. }}</ref>), some of them being ''Spontaneous Healing'' (1995; on the [[The New York Times Best Seller list|''New York Times'' list]]),<ref name=NYTbsWeil>{{cite web  | date = 2015 | title = Search: 'Andrew Weil' | url =https://query.nytimes.com/search/sitesearch/#/%22Andrew+Weil%22/from19640101to20151125/allresults/1/allauthors/newest/Arts%3B%20Books/ | access-date = 25 November 2015}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}}{{better source needed|date=November 2015}} ''Eight Weeks to Optimum Health'' (1997; on the ''Publishers Weekly'' and ''New York Times'' lists),<ref name=NYTbsWeil/><ref name="publishersweekly2">{{cite journal | date = March 24, 2008 | title = Bestselling Books of the Year, 1996-2007 | journal = Publishers Weekly | url = http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/publishing-and-marketing/article/2110-bestselling-books-of-the-year-1996-2007.html | access-date = 25 November 2015 }}</ref>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}} ''Eating Well for Optimum Health'' (2000; ''Publishers Weekly'', ''New York Times''),<ref name=NYTbsWeil/><ref name="publishersweekly2"/>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}} ''The Healthy Kitchen'' (2002, with chef Rosie Daley; ''New York Times''),<ref name=NYTbsWeil/>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}}  ''Healthy Aging'' (2005; ''New York Times''),<ref name=NYTbsWeil/>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}} and ''Spontaneous Happiness'' (2011; ''New York Times'').<ref name=NYTbsWeil/>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}}

===List of popular works===
{{div col}}
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====Books====
*''The Natural Mind: An Investigation of Drugs and the Higher Consciousness'' (1972, rev. 2004);{{isbn|0-618-47905-8}}
* ''The Marriage of the Sun and Moon: A Quest for Unity in Consciousness'' (Houghton Mifflin Company: 1980); {{isbn|0-395-25723-9}}
*''Health and Healing'' (1983, rev. 2004);{{isbn|0-618-47908-2}}
*''From Chocolate to Morphine: Everything you need to know about mind-altering drugs'' with Winifred Rosen (1983, rev. 1993 & 2004); {{isbn|0-618-48379-9}}
*''Natural Health, Natural Medicine'' (1990, rev. 2004);{{isbn|0-618-47903-1}}
*''Spontaneous Healing'' (Ballantine: 1995); {{isbn|0-8041-1794-2}}
*''Eight Weeks to Optimum Health'' (1997, rev. 2006);{{isbn|978-0-345-49802-1}}
*''Eating Well for Optimum Health'' (2000);{{isbn|0-375-40754-5}}
*''The Healthy Kitchen'' with Rosie Daley (2002);{{isbn|0-375-41306-5}}
*''Healthy Aging'' (2005);{{isbn|0-375-40755-3}}
*''Why Our Health Matters'' (2009){{isbn|978-1-59463-066-8}}
*''Spontaneous Happiness'' (2011){{isbn|978-0-316-12942-8}}
*''True Food: Seasonal, Sustainable, Simple, Pure'' (2014){{isbn|978-0-316-12941-1}}
*''Fast Food, Good Food: More Than 150 Quick and Easy Ways to Put Healthy, Delicious Food on the Table'' (2015){{isbn|978-0-316-32942-2}}

====[[James Beard Foundation Award|James Beard Awards]]====
:'''Nominated'''
*(2013) Focus on Health (''True Food: Seasonal, Sustainable, Simple, Pure'')
*(2003) Vegetarian/Health Focus (''The Healthy Kitchen'')<ref name=JBarchive>[https://www.jamesbeard.org/awards/search-past-awards Search Past Winners: James Beard Awards]</ref>

====Ask Dr. Weil collections====
Published collections of answers to questions received on his DrWeil.com website:
* ''Women's Health'' {{isbn|0-8041-1674-1}}
* ''Healthy Living'' {{isbn|0-7515-2476-X}}
* ''Natural Remedies'' {{isbn|0-8041-1675-X}}
* ''Common Illnesses'' {{isbn|0-8041-1676-8}}
* ''Vitamins and Minerals'' {{isbn|0-8041-1672-5}} 
* ''Your Top Health Concerns'' {{isbn|0-7515-2606-1}}

====Audio-only publications====
*''Breathing: The Master Key to Self Healing'', audio CD, [[Sounds True]] (2000).{{Full citation needed|date=November 2015}}{{div col end}}
===Academic works===
As of 2015, Weil was serving as series editor of an academic imprint from Oxford University Press called the ''Weil Integrative Medicine Library'', volumes for clinicians in more than 10 medical specialties, including oncology, cardiology, rheumatology, pediatrics, and psychology.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/content/series/w/weil-integrative-medicine-library-iml/?cc=us&lang=en&|title=Weil Integrative Medicine Library|work=oup.com|access-date=21 November 2015}}</ref> Weil co-edited the first volume, ''Integrative Oncology'', with [[Donald Abrams]], which appeared in 2009.<ref name="OUPbio"/> Academic and scholarly reviews of the series and individual volumes were lacking as of 2015—in almost all cases, the publisher's "Reviews and Awards" tabs lack society or other published reviews (apart from [[Brandon–Hill list|Doody's]]).<ref>E.g., for ''Integrative Cardiology'', note absent tab at [https://global.oup.com/academic/product/integrative-cardiology-9780195383461?lang=en&cc=us], and for ''Integrative Dermatology'', note sole appearance of Doody's at [https://global.oup.com/academic/product/integrative-dermatology-9780199907922?lang=en&cc=us#]</ref> A cancer society review of the second edition of the series' ''Integrative Oncology'' volume, the first volume to have been published, describes the field as "an exciting new discipline" and the book as offering "best-practice methods to prevent cancer and support those affected by it on all levels: body, mind, and spirit" and as being comprehensive, and offering "meticulous, well-written chapters on proven and yet-to-be-proven methods for enhancing cancer care with integrative oncology."<ref>{{cite journal | author = Plana, Ronald | date=  October 15, 2014 | title = Integrative Oncology: Mind, Body, and More [Bookmark; Title: Integrative Oncology (Second Edition), Editors: Donald I. Abrams, MD, and Andrew T. Weil, MD, Publisher: Oxford University Press] | journal = The ASCO Post | volume = 5 | issue = 16 | location = Cold Spring Harbor, NY | publisher = American Society of Clinical Oncology | url = http://www.ascopost.com/issues/october-15,-2014/integrative-oncology-mind,-body,-and-more.aspx | access-date = 18 November 2015 }}</ref>

===Other works===
Weil was a regular contributor to ''[[High Times]]'' magazine from 1975 to 1983.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Simunek, Chris | date = September 8, 2003 | journal =[[High Times]] | url=http://www.hightimes.com/ht/grow/content.php?bid=247&aid=2| title = Grow: Interview, Dr. Andrew Weil|  archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://hightimes.com/grow/csimunek/1054|archive-date=March 3, 2009 }}</ref> More recently, Weil has written the forewords to a variety of books, including [[Paul Stamets]]'s ''Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World''<ref>Weil, Andrew (2011) "Foreword", in Paul Stamets, ''Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World: An Identification Guide'', Illustrated Edition, Berkeley, CA: Crown/Ten Speed Press, {{ISBN|0898158397}}, see [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0898158397], accessed 17 November 2015.</ref> and [[Lewis Mehl-Madrona]]'s ''Coyote Medicine''.<ref>Weil, Andrew (2011) "Foreword", in Lewis Mehl-Madrona, ''Coyote Medicine: Lessons from Native American Healing'', p. 13f, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, {{ISBN|1439144540}}, see [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1439144540], accessed 17 November 2015.</ref> In the 21st century, Weil has occasionally written articles for ''Time'' magazine.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/searchresults?query=%20ANDREW%20WEIL,%20M.D. |title=Andrew Weil, M.D. |magazine=Time |date=December 11, 2006 |access-date=June 5, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://www.time.com/time/searchresults?query=%20ANDREW%20WEIL%2C%20M.D. |archive-date=March 3, 2009 }}</ref>

==Critiques and controversies==
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===Medical===
Medical professionals in particular have criticized Weil for promoting treatment claims and [[alternative medicine]] practices described as unverified or inefficacious, or for otherwise rejecting aspects of [[evidence-based medicine]]. Weil's rejection of some aspects of [[evidence-based medicine]] and his promotion of [[alternative medicine]] practices that are not verifiably efficacious were criticized in a 1998 ''New Republic'' piece by [[Arnold S. Relman]], emeritus editor-in-chief of [[The New England Journal of Medicine]] and emeritus professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.<ref name=Relman>{{cite magazine | author=Relman, Arnold S. |author-link=Arnold S. Relman | date = December 14, 1998 | magazine= [[The New Republic]] | url=https://newrepublic.com/article/118224/arnold-relman-reviews-andrew-weil-alternative-medicine |title=A Trip to Stonesville: Andrew Weil, the boom in alternative medicine, and the retreat from science }}</ref> The late [[Barry Beyerstein]] of [[Simon Fraser University]], writing in the journal ''Academic Medicine'' in 2001, criticized Weil and various aspects of complementary and alternative medicine, asserting that it held a "magical world-view"; he continued, saying,{{blockquote|
On advocating emotional criteria for truth over criteria based on empirical data and logic, New Age medical gurus such as Andrew Weil&nbsp;... have convinced many that "anything goes"&nbsp;... By denigrating science, these detractors have enlarged the potential following for magical and pseudoscientific health products.<ref name=Bayerstein>{{cite journal|author=Beyerstein, B. L. |s2cid=41527148 |title=Alternative Medicine and Common Errors of Reasoning |journal=[[Academic Medicine (journal)|Academic Medicine]] |volume=76 |issue=3 |year=2001 |pages=230–237 |pmid=11242572 |doi=10.1097/00001888-200103000-00009 |doi-access=free }}</ref>}}In 2003, [[Steven Knope]], author of ''The Body/Mind Connection'' (2000),{{Full citation needed|date=November 2015}} a physician trained at [[Weill Cornell Medical College]], and former Chair of the Department of Medicine in the Tucson, Arizona, Carondelet system, criticized Weil in a televised discussion for what he considered irresponsible advocacy of untested treatments.<ref>{{ cite episode |last=Buckmaster |first=Bill (host) | year = 2003 | series = Arizona Illustrated | title = [A discussion with Drs. Andrew Weil and Steven Knope on alternative medicine], (November 3, 2003) | url = http://uanews.org/story/arizona-illustrated-frontline-look-at-alternative-medicine | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151118235111/http://uanews.org/story/arizona-illustrated-frontline-look-at-alternative-medicine | url-status = usurped | archive-date = November 18, 2015 | network = PBS | station = KUAT-TV | location = [[Tucson, Arizona]]  | transcript = ''YouTube'' title (July 30, 2008): Dr. Steven Knope debates Andrew Weil on the merits of Integrative Medicine (Part I) | transcript-url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a11t5NXaOQI  | access-date=17 November 2015 }}</ref> [[Simon Singh]], a recognized British science writer, and [[Edzard Ernst]], a former Professor of Complementary Medicine at the University of Exeter, echoed Beyerstein's criticism in their 2008 book ''Trick or Treatment'', saying that although Weil correctly promotes exercise and smoke-free lifestyles "much of his advice is nonsense."<ref>{{cite book|author =Singh, S. |author-link=Simon Singh |author2=Edzard, Ernst E. |author-link2=Edzard Ernst |name-list-style=amp | title=Trick or Treatment: The Undeniable Facts About Alternative Medicine | page=256 | year=2008 | location = New York, NY | publisher = [[W. W. Norton & Company|W. W. Norton]] | isbn=9780393337785|title-link=Trick or Treatment: The Undeniable Facts About Alternative Medicine }}</ref>

===Social===
Hans Baer of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the [[University of Arkansas]], writing in 2003, has argued that Weil's approach represents a general limitation of the holistic health/New Age movement, in its "tendenc[y] to downplay the role of social, structural, and environmental factors in the etiology of disease" in the United States, and in doing so, represents a failure to "suggest substantive remedies for improving access to health care," generally, for the "millions of people who lack any type of health insurance"; at the same time, Baer notes (with negative connotations) that Weil instead contributes "to a long tradition of entrepreneurialism in the U.S. medical system."<ref name=Baer03/><ref name=Baer04/>{{rp|20,29,119,130ff}}

===Ethical===
Beginning in 2006, as the result of his commercial ventures, Weil—as David Gumpert has described—has placed himself in the "awkward position of&nbsp;... having to defend himself against charges of inappropriately exploiting his [[Celebrity doctor|medical-celebrity status]]."<ref name=GumpertBloom06>{{cite journal | author = Gumpert, David E. | date = March 27, 2006 | journal = Bloomberg | title = Small Business: Dr. Weil, Heal Thyself | url = https://www.bloomberg.com/bw/stories/2006-03-27/dr-dot-weil-heal-thyself  | access-date = 25 November 2015 }}</ref> Commenting on a cover article in a recent 2006 edition of the [[Center for Science in the Public Interest]]'s "highly respected" ''Nutrition Action Healthletter'',<ref name=CSPItrustintocash>{{cite journal | author = CSPI | date = January–February 2006 | journal = Nutrition Action Healthletter | title = Supplementing Their Income: How Celebrities Turn Trust Into Cash | url = https://www.cspinet.org/nah/01_06/sup.pdf | access-date = 25 November 2015 | location = Washington, DC | publisher = [[Center for Science in the Public Interest]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051515/https://www.cspinet.org/nah/01_06/sup.pdf | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Gumpert called attention to:
* a $14 million deal Weil's business enterprise had made with [[drugstore.com]],<ref name=CSPItrustintocash/><ref name=GumpertBloom06/>
* the DrWeil.com personalized service of recommending supplements (purchase of which are made easy via DrWeil.com and drugstore.com),<ref name=CSPItrustintocash/><ref name="GumpertBloom06" />
* long-standing recommendations for supplements appearing despite studies questioning their efficacy,<ref name=CSPItrustintocash/><ref name=GumpertBloom06/> and to
* the clear nature of the pressures on Weil because of the deals, and the clear consanguinity of person and brand.<ref name=GumpertBloom06/>
The ''[[Forbes]]'' article noted, in particular, [[drugstore.com]]'s 2005 lawsuit against DrWeil.com for Weil's having "failed to perform any of his marketing obligations," noting that in a 2004 ''Larry King Live'' interview, Weil failed to promote this business partner, despite the program offering "reasonable opportunity for Weil to use efforts to promote drugstore.com."<ref name=GumpertBloom06/> Moreover, the [[Center for Science in the Public Interest|CSPI's]] newsletter noted that their investigations into the vitamin and supplement recommendation service led them to conclude that the algorithms behind the recommendations were, by default, set to recommend purchases: regardless of how the online inquiries of the personalized service were answered, "we couldn't get the Advisor to stop recommending that we buy supplements."<ref name=CSPItrustintocash/><ref name=GumpertBloom06/> The CSPI article concludes, "Beware of doctors who sell what they recommend."<ref name=CSPItrustintocash/><ref name=GumpertBloom06/>

In 2006, the [[Center for Science in the Public Interest]] also commented on a ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine piece by Weil rebutting a recent ''[[Journal of the American Medical Association|JAMA]]'' report on the failure of fish oil supplements to significantly reduce risk of serious heart arrhythmias,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100613145320/http://cspinet.org/nah/01_06/sup_can.pdf Supplementing Their Income: How Celebrities Turn Trust Into Cash]", (2006) ''Nutrition Action Newsletter'', Center for Science in the Public Interest, January/February 2016, pp 3-6. Archived from the [http://cspinet.org/nah/01_06/sup_can.pdf original] on June 13, 2010. Accessed December 28, 2019.</ref> where he emphasized the benefits of [[fish oil]] supplements without a disclaimer that he had a direct commercial interest in the sale of these supplements.<ref name=Advertorial>{{cite journal|author = CSPI|date  = June 19, 2006|journal = CSPI Newsroom: Integrity in Science Watch |title = Time Runs Andrew Weil Advertorial|url = http://www.cspinet.org/integrity/press/200606191.html|access-date = 17 November 2015|location = Washington, DC |publisher = [[Center for Science in the Public Interest]]|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://www.cspinet.org/integrity/press/200606191.html|archive-date = 2009-03-03|url-status   = dead}}</ref>

Another specific criticism has been leveled with regard to the message of his ''Healthy Aging'' (2005), which argues that aging should be accepted as a natural stage in life,{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} while these skin care products were being sold at [[Macy's]] with the advertising claim of the products' "optimiz[ing] skin's defense against aging"—alongside a large picture of Weil.<ref name=nytimes>{{cite web|last1=Wadler|first1=Joyce|title=What Goes With Gray?|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/20/garden/20weil.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|work=The New York Times|date=20 October 2005|access-date=23 November 2014}}</ref>

Weil has also been accused by others in the alternative health movement of being involved in the "dishonest practice of spreading [[fear, uncertainty, and doubt]] about competitors' products, while pretending to be [an] objective 3rd [party]."<ref>Corriher, Sarah C. (2015) "Doctor Andrew Weil: Whose Side Is He Really On?", ''The Health Wyze Report'', (online, undated), see [http://healthwyze.org/index.php/component/content/article/294-doctor-andrew-weil-whose-side-is-he-really-on.html], accessed 18 November 2015.</ref>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}}

===Political===
Weil's 1983 ''Chocolate to Morphine'' roused the ire of Florida senator [[Paula Hawkins (politician)|Paula Hawkins]], "who demanded that the book, a veritable encyclopaedia of various drugs and their effects on humans, be removed from schools and libraries."<ref name=EB15/><ref>{{cite book | author = Torgoff, Martin | date = 2004 | title = Can't Find My Way Home: America in the Great Stoned Age, 1945-2000 | page = 431ff | location = New York, NY | publisher = Simon and Schuster | isbn = 978-0743258630 | url = https://archive.org/details/cantfindmywayhom00torg | url-access = registration | access-date = 18 November 2015 }}</ref>

==Formal corrective actions==
In 2009, the US [[Food and Drug Administration]] sent a warning letter to Weil's Weil Lifestyle LLC, regarding "Unapproved / Uncleared / Unauthorized Products Related to the H1N1 Flu Virus" in particular, a "Notice of Potential Illegal Marketing of Products to Prevent, Treat or Cure the H1N1 Virus [[Influenza A virus subtype H1N1|H1N1 [influenza] Virus]]."<ref name=FDALetter>{{cite web|author=FDA |date=2009 |title=Inspections, Compliance, Enforcement, and Criminal Investigations: Compliance Actions and Activities: Warning Letters, Weil Lifestyle LLC [October 15, 2009] |location=Washington, DC |publisher=U.S. Food and Drug Administration |url=https://www.fda.gov/iceci/enforcementactions/warningletters/ucm186837.htm |quote=Unapproved/Uncleared/Unauthorized Products Related to the H1N1 Flu Virus; and Notice of Potential Illegal Marketing of Products to Prevent, Treat or Cure the H1N1 Virus. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/https://www.fda.gov/iceci/enforcementactions/warningletters/ucm186837.htm |archive-date=March 3, 2009 |url-status=dead }}{{primary source inline|date=November 2015}}{{primary source inline|date=November 2015}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=November 2015}}

==Awards and recognition==
Weil appeared on the cover of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine in 1997 and again in 2005, and ''Time'' named him one of the 25 most influential Americans in 1997 and one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1972656_1972712_1973796,00.html |title=Andrew Weil - The 2005 Time 100 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=April 18, 2005 |access-date=January 30, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0%2C28804%2C1972656_1972712_1973796%2C00.html |archive-date=March 3, 2009 |url-status=live |last1=Gupta |first1=Sanjay }}{{Verify source|date=November 2015}}{{Verify source|date=November 2015}}</ref> He was inducted into the [[Academy of Achievement]] in 1998.<ref name=AoA10/><ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#science-exploration}}</ref> His "Ask Dr. Weil" website was chosen by ''Forbes''{{'}} ''Best of the Web Directory'' in 2009 for having offered "straightforward tips and advice on achieving wellness through natural means and educating the public on alternative therapies."<ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |work=Forbes Best of the Web Directory |title=Ask Dr. Weil  |url=https://www.forbes.com/bow/b2c/review.jhtml?id=2544 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://www.forbes.com/bow/b2c/review.jhtml?id=2544 |archive-date=3 March 2009 |access-date=17 November 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Integrative Healthcare Symposium (IHS) awarded Weil as the recipient of its 2022 Leadership Award.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrew Weil accepts leadership award at IHSNY22|url=https://www.integrativepractitioner.com/whole-systems-medicine/news/2022-02-18-andrew-weil-accepts-leadership-award-at-ihsny22|access-date=2022-02-20|website=www.integrativepractitioner.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Media appearances==
Weil blogs for the ''[[Huffington Post]]''<ref>{{cite news | date = 2015 | title = Dr. Andrew Weil | work = [[The Huffington Post]] | url = http://www.huffingtonpost.com/andrew-weil-md/ | access-date = 17 November 2015 }}</ref> and has been a frequent guest on ''Larry King Live'' on [[CNN]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0305/08/lkl.00.html |title=CNN.com - Transcripts |access-date=2018-09-21 }}</ref> ''[[The Oprah Winfrey Show|Oprah]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oprah.com/health/recipes-for-your-heart/all |title=Recipes for Your Heart |access-date=2018-09-21 }}</ref> and ''[[Today (American TV program)|The Today Show]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.today.com/health/why-should-i-take-vitamin-my-health-2D80556302 |title=Why should I take a vitamin for my health? |last=Weil |first=Andrew |date=22 September 2005 |access-date=2018-09-21 }}</ref> Weil appeared in the 2012 documentary on the need for a "rescue" of American healthcare, ''[[Escape Fire: The Fight to Rescue American Healthcare|Escape Fire]]''.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Catsoulis | first=Jeanette | date= October 4, 2012 | title=Review: Pitting Drug Regimens Against Prevention, 'Escape Fire: The Fight to Rescue American Healthcare' [NYT Critics' Pick] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/05/movies/escape-fire-the-fight-to-rescue-american-healthcare.html?_r=0 | journal = The New York Times | access-date=25 November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Turan | first=Kenneth | date= October 4, 2012 | title = Review: 'Escape Fire' Calls for Drastic Changes to U.S. Healthcare | url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2012-oct-04-la-et-mn-escape-fire-20121005-story.html | journal = Los Angeles Times | access-date=25 November 2015| quote=Subtitle: Filmmakers Matthew Heineman and Susan Froemke not only deftly make the case that the system is ill but also effectively argue for a dramatic change in thinking. }}</ref>
He also appeared in the 2019 documentary ''[[Fantastic Fungi]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fantasticfungi.com/|title=Fantastic Fungi: A film by Louie Schwartzberg on Mycelial Connection|website=Fantastic Fungi}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
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* The editors of EB (2015). "Andrew Weil, American Physician", In ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (online, 18 November), see [http://www.britannica.com/biography/Andrew-Weil Andrew Weil | Biography, Books, & Facts], accessed 18 November 2015.
*  {{cite news | author = Anon | date= April 14, 2012 | title = Medicine and its rivals: The believers | newspaper = The Economist | url = https://www.economist.com/international/2012/04/14/the-believers | access-date = 17 November 2015 | quote = Subtitle: Alternative therapies are increasingly mainstream. That means headaches for scientists—and no cure in sight. }}
* {{cite journal | author = Garner, Dwight | date= January 7, 2010 | title = Books of the ''Times'': Tune In, Turn On, Turn Page [Review, 'The Harvard Psychedelic Club: How Timothy Leary, Ram Dass, Huston Smith and Andrew Weil Killed the Fifties and Ushered In a New Age for America,' by Don Lattin] | journal = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/08/books/08book.html | access-date = 17 November 2015 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{official website|http://www.drweil.com}}
* [https://integrativemedicine.arizona.edu Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine]

{{James Beard Awards: Vegetarian, Vegan, Plant-Based Authors & Cookbooks}}
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