View source for Andal (community development block)

{{for|the Tamil saint|Aandaal}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Andal
| other_name         = Ondal
| settlement_type    = Community development block
| image_map          = File:Ondal in Paschim Bardhaman (West Bengal).svg
| map_caption        = Location in West Bengal
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[States of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Paschim Bardhaman district|Paschim Bardhaman]]
| subdivision_type3  = Parliamentary constituency
| subdivision_name3  = [[Asansol (Lok Sabha constituency)|Asansol]]
| subdivision_type4  = Assembly constituency
| subdivision_name4  = [[Raniganj (West Bengal Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raniganj]]
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_total_km2     = 84.87
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_total   = 186,915
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone           = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset         = +5.30
| coordinates        = {{coord|23|35|00|N|87|11|00|E|display=inline}}
| elevation_m        = 89
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code        = 713321 (Andal South Bazar)<br/>713338 (Kajoragram)<br/>713363 (Ukhra)
| area_code_type     = Telephone/[[Subscriber trunk dialling|STD]] code
| area_code          = 0343
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-39,[[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-40
| blank_name         = Literacy Rate
| blank_info         = 77.25 per cent
| website            = http://bardhaman.gov.in/
}}
'''Andal''' (also spelled '''Ondal''') is a [[Community Development Block|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Durgapur subdivision]] of [[Paschim Bardhaman district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==
Andal is located at {{coord|23.59|N|87.18|E|format=dms|}}.
[[File:Map of Paschim Bardhaman district.jpg|600px|thumb|center|Map of Paschim Bardhaman district]]
Andal CD Block is part of the Ajay Damodar Barakar tract. This area is sort of an extension of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]. It is a rocky undulating area with [[laterite]] soil, with the [[Ajay River|Ajay]] on the north, the [[Damodar River|Damodar]] on the south and the [[Barakar River|Barakar]] on the west. For ages the area was heavily forested and infested with plunderers and marauders. The discovery of coal, in the eighteenth century, led to industrialisation of the area and most of the forests have been cleared.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal: District Census Handbook, Barddhaman |work = Physiography, pages 13-14| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal | access-date = 23 January 2017}}</ref><ref>Chattopadhyay, Akkori, ''Bardhaman Jelar Itihas O Lok Sanskriti'' (History and Folk lore of Bardhaman District.), {{in lang|bn}}, Vol I, pp 14-15, Radical Impression. {{ISBN|81-85459-36-3}}</ref>

Andal CD Block is bounded by [[Pandabeswar (community development block)|Pandabeswar]] CD Block on the north, [[Faridpur Durgapur]] CD Block on the east, [[Barjora (community development block)|Barjora]] CD Block, in Bankura district, on the south and [[Raniganj (community development block)|Raniganj]] CD Block on the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/barddhman.html |title = Tehsil Map of Barddhaman |work = CD Block/ Tehsil | publisher= Maps of India | access-date = 23 January 2017}}</ref>

Andal CD Block has an area of 84.87&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 8 [[gram panchayat]]s, 146 gram sansads (village councils), 14 [[mouza]]s and 12 inhabited villages. [[Andal, Paschim Bardhaman#Police station|Andal]], [[Pandabeswar#Police station|Pandabeswar]] and [[Durgapur#Police station|Durgapur]] police stations serve this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Burdwan |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 22 January 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |archive-date = 2017-07-29 |url-status = usurped }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD Block is at Andal.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1909_PART_B_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Barddhaman | work= Map of Barddhaman with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 22 January 2017 }}</ref>

Singaran, a small stream about 35&nbsp;km long has its origin near Ikra in the Jamuria area, flows past Topsi and Andal and joins the [[Damodar River|Damodar]] near [[Waria (India)|Waria]].<ref>Chattopadhyay, Akkori, p. 34.</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of the Andal block, or [[panchayat samiti]], are: Andal, Dakshin Khanda, Kajora, Khandra, Madanpur, Ramprosadpur, Srirampur and [[Ukhra]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Bardhaman - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 30 January 2017}}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Population===
As per the [[2011 Census of India]] Ondal CD Block had a total population of 186,915, of which 35,611 were rural and 151,304 were urban. There were 98,149 (53%) males and 88,766 (47%) females. Population below 6 years was 20,893. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 52,518 (28.10%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 7,628 (4.08%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 16 January 2017}}</ref>

As per 2001 census, Andal block had a total population of 168,807, out of which 91,633 were males and 77,174 were females.  Andal block registered a population growth of 9.47 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Bardhaman district was 14.36 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_9.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Barddhaman District | access-date = 4 February 2017 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205026/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_9.htm|archive-date= 28 September 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 4 February 2017 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref> [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled castes]] at 54,611 formed around one-fourth the population. Scheduled tribes numbered 9,883.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/HouseListingF/SCST/All_distSCST(TRU1)9.htm |title=TRU for all Districts (SC & ST and Total) |access-date=4 February 2017 |work=Census 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719040022/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/HouseListingF/SCST/All_distSCST%28TRU1%299.htm |archive-date=2011-07-19 }}</ref>

[[Census Town]]s in Ondal CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Siduli]] (8,961), [[Khandra]] (15,383), [[Chak Bankola]] (part) (1,965), [[Ukhra]] (24,104), [[Mahira]] (4,188), [[Dakshin Khanda]] (8,449), [[Parashkol]] (part) (845), [[Kajora]] (27,275), [[Harishpur]] (8,980), [[Palashban]] (4,811), [[Dignala]] (13,633), Andal (gram) (6,177), [[Andal, Bardhaman|Ondal]] (19,924) and [[Baska, Andal|Baska]] (6,609). Chak Bankola and Parashkol are partly in Andal CD Block and partly in Pandabeswar CD Block.<ref name=census2011/>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Ondal CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Bhadur (4,278), Madanpur (4,631) and Shrirampur (4,235).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in Ondal CD Block are (2011census figures in brackets): Mukundapur (2,913), Madhusudanpur (3,435), Gaidhoba (2,471), Dhandadihi (3,800), Madhabpur (2,216), Chak Rambati (1,557), Babuisol (1,941), Tamla (732) and Dhubchururia (3,402).<ref name=census2011/>(All villages included in 2011 census data are mentioned here. Other villages or localities, if any, are parts of these villages.)

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Ondal CD Block was 128,254 (77.25% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 74,218 (85.02% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 54,036 (68.64% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 16.38%.<ref name=census2011/>

As per 2001 census, Andal block had a total literacy of 72.01 per cent for the 6+ age group. While male literacy was 80.86 per cent female literacy was 61.36 per cent. Bardhaman district had a total literacy of 70.18 per cent, male literacy being 78.63 per cent and female literacy being 60.95 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table5_9.htm |title=Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 5, Bardhaman District |access-date= 4 February 2017 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928211117/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table5_9.htm |archive-date=2011-09-28 }}</ref>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Bardhaman district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Ondal CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116	
|left1=
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|90.52}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|8.69}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.79}}
}}

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 169,195 and formed 90.52% of the population in Ondal CD Block. Muslims numbered 16,240 and formed 8.69% of the population. Christians numbered 472 and formed 0.25% of the population. Others numbered 1,008 and formed 0.54% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Ondal CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 56.21 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 35.32 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 3.91 |color3 = green
|label4 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value4 = 1.80 |color4 = darkturquoise
|label5 = Others |value5 = 2.76 |color5 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 56.21% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 35.32% [[Hindi]], 3.91% [[Urdu]] and 1.80% [[Santali language|Santali]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Rural poverty==
As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2005, rural poverty in Andal CD Block was 18.35%.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf |title = District Human Development Report: Bardhaman |work = Table 4.2: Empirical Measurement of Rural Poverty in Bardhaman 2005, page 94 |publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date = 30 January 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170814062640/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf |archive-date = 14 August 2017 |url-status = dead |df = dmy-all }}</ref>

==Economy==
===Livelihood===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Livelihood<br/>in Andal CD Block'''
|value1 = 2.19
|label1 = Cultivators
|value2 = 3.43
|label2 = Agricultural labourers
|value3 = 2.55
|label3 = Household industries
|value4 = 91.83 
|label4 = Other Workers}}

In Andal CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 1,296 and formed 2.19% of the total workers, agricultural labourers numbered 2,026 and formed 3.43%, household industry workers numbered 1,507 and formed 2.55% and other workers numbered 54,302 and formed 91.83%. Total workers numbered 59,131 and formed 31.64% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 127,784 and formed 68.36% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Bardhaman, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Page 96, Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories ofEconomic Activity in Sub-district 2011; Page 86, Table 30: Number and Percentage of Main Workers, Marginal Workers and Non-workers by sex in sub-districts, 2011| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 22 September 2018}}</ref>

The coalmines are spread across the Andal, Pandaveswar, Raniganj, Jamuria, Barabani and Salanpur region, including municipal areas. Livelihood in this region is coal-centred. The area does not produce much of agricultural products. Overall work participation rate, and female work participation rate, in the mining area are low. Interestingly the work participation rate in the predominantly agricultural rural areas of erstwhile Bardhaman district is higher than in the predominantly urbanised mining area. Human development in the mining area does not at all look good. However, in the composite livelihood index the mining area performs much better than the non-mining areas of erstwhile Bardhaman district. The decadal (1991-2001) change in composition of workers shows the growing pressure of population growth, as well as of migrants from adjacent Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Human%20Development%20Report| title=District Human Development Report: Bardhaman | work= Pages 294-300 |publisher= Department of Planning, Statistics and Programme monitoring, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 22 September 2018}}</ref>

<small>Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers.  It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Bardhaman, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 33| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 22 September 2018}}</ref></small>

===Infrastructure===
All 14 or 100% of mouzas in Andal CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Bardhaman | work = Tables 2.7, 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 30 January 2017}}</ref>

All 14 mouzas in Andal CD Block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 14 fertiliser depots, 8 seed stores and 55 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Coal mining===
Purushattompur open cast project in Bankola Area of [[Eastern Coalfields]] has a mineable reserve of 8 million tonnes.<ref name=eclplanning>{{cite web| url = http://www.easterncoal.gov.in/planning.html |title = Planning | publisher= Eastern Coalfields Limited | access-date = 30 January 2017}}</ref>

Siduli opencast project in Kenda Area of [[Eastern Coalfields]] has a mineable reserve of 9.70 million tonnes.<ref name=eclplanning/>

Banbahai open cast project in Kenda area of [[Eastern Coalfields]] has a mineable reserve of 5.26 million tonnes.<ref name=eclplanning/>

Amongst the mines of [[Eastern Coalfields]] selected for introduction of mass production technology with the installation of the continuous miner are: Siduli UG (1.02 million tonnes year), Shankarpur UG (1.163 mty), Naba Kajora Madabpur (1.08 mty) and Parasea-Belbaid UG (1.83 mty).<ref name=eclplanning/>

See also – [[Bankola Area]], [[Kajora Area]] and [[Kenda Area]] of [[Eastern Coalfields]]

===Agriculture===
Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Andal CD Block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 17.10%, patta (document) holders 38.31%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 1.47%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 11.83% and agricultural labourers 31.29%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2003-04 net cropped area in Andal CD Block was 1,551 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 1,275 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Bardhaman | work = Table 3.10, Gross Cropped Area, Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity of different blocks of Bardhaman district 2003-04, Page 53 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 30 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170814062640/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf | archive-date = 14 August 2017 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>

In 2013-14, Andal CD Block produced 3,060 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 1,196 hectares and 7 tonnes of wheat from 5 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Andal CD Block had offices of 8 commercial banks.<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Andal CD Block has 8 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>
{{Bardhaman-Asansol section|collapse=yes}}
{{Andal–Sainthia branch line|collapse=yes}}
The [[Bardhaman-Asansol section]], which is a part of [[Howrah-Gaya-Delhi line]], [[Howrah-Allahabad-Mumbai line]] and [[Howrah-Delhi main line]], passes through this CD Block and there is a station at Andal.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/barddhaman-asansol-memu-63509/14847/2/7 |title = 63509 Bardhaman-Asansol MEMU |work = Time Table | publisher= indiarailinfo | access-date = 9 February 2017}}</ref>

The [[Andal-Sainthia branch line]] originates from Andal.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/andal-sainthia-memu-63531/18253/5/438 |title = 73531=>63531 Andal-Sainthia MEMU |work = Time Table | publisher= indiarailinfo | access-date = 9 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/andal-jasidih-demu-73539/15359/585/326 |title = 73539 Andal-Jasidih DEMU |work = Time Table | publisher= indiarailinfo | access-date = 9 February 2017}}</ref>

[[National Highway 19 (India)|NH 19]] (old numbering NH 2)/ [[Grand Trunk Road]] passes through this CD Block.<ref name="renumber">{{cite web|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways|publisher=[[Department of Road Transport and Highways]]|access-date=10 February 2017|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201124738/http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport]] is a domestic airport at Andal, Durgapur. The airport has been built over 650 acres and was officially inaugurated in 2013. It is 15&nbsp;km from Durgapur's City Centre and 25&nbsp;km from Asasol's city bus terminus.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.kniairport.com/# |title= Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport |publisher= Bengal Aerotropolis |access-date= 10 February 2017}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013-14, Andal CD Block had 61 primary schools with 9,424 students, 8 middle schools with 526 students, 9 high school with 6,350 students and 11 higher secondary schools with 13,804 students. Andal CD Block had 1 general college with 1,624 students, 3 technical/ professional institutions with 420 students, 293 institutions for special and non-formal education with 11,750 students<ref name=handbook2014/>

[[Khandra College]] was established at [[Khandra]] in 1981. It is affiliated with [[Kazi Nazrul University]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.khandracollege.org/ |title = Khandra College | publisher= KC | access-date = 2 March 2017}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Andal CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 2 primary health centres, 3 central government/ PSU medical centres and 6 private nursing homes with total 274 beds and 40 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 47 family welfare sub centres. 7,937 patients were treated indoor and 311,148 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Khandra Rural Hospital, with 30 beds, at [[Khandra]], is the major government medical facility in the Andal CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at [[Andal, Paschim Bardhaman|Andal]] (with 6 beds) and [[Baska, Andal|Baska]] (with 10 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf  | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal|access-date =  12 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf  | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres  | publisher = Government of West Bengal  |access-date =  12 May 2020}}</ref> Ondal Railway Hopital at [[Andal, Paschim Bardhaman|Andal]], with 50 beds, FCI Hospital at Andal, with 50 beds and ECL Bankola Area Hospital at [[Khandra]], with 50 beds are functional within the block area.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/Hospitals.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics - Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal  |access-date = 12 May 2020 }}</ref>

==External links==
* [http://bardhaman.gov.in/blocks/blocks.htm District map showing blocks]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Paschim Bardhaman topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Paschim Bardhaman district]]
[[Category:Mining communities in West Bengal]]