View source for Ananuri

{{Short description|Castle complex in Dusheti, Georgia}}
{{Infobox monument
| name          = Ananuri
| native_name   = ანანური
| image         = Georgian Fortress Ananuri.jpg
| image_size    = 300
| caption       = View from the tower
| location      = [[Dusheti Municipality|Dusheti]], [[Mtskheta-Mtianeti]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] 
| designer      = 
| type          = Fortress, church
| material      = 
| length        = 
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| begin         = 
| complete      = 
| dedicated     =
| open          = 
| restore       = 
| dismantled    = 
| dedicated_to  = 
| map_name      = Georgia Mtskheta-Mtianeti#Georgia
| map_text      = 
| map_width     = 
| map_relief    = yes
| coordinates   = {{coord|42|09|49|N|44|42|14|E|region:GE_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| website       =
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}}

'''Ananuri''' ({{Lang-ka| ანანური }}) is a [[castle]] complex on the [[Aragvi River]] in [[Dusheti Municipality]] [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], about {{cvt|45|mi|0|abbr=on|sp=us}} from [[Tbilisi]].

==History==
Ananuri was a castle and seat of the ''[[eristavi]]s'' ([[Duke]]s) of [[Duchy of Aragvi|Aragvi]], a feudal dynasty which ruled the area from the 13th century. The castle was the scene of numerous battles.

In 1739, Ananuri was attacked by forces from a rival duchy, commanded by Shanshe of Ksani and was set on fire. The Aragvi clan was massacred. However, four years later, the local peasants revolted against rule by the Shanshe, killing the usurpers and inviting King [[Teimuraz II of Kakheti|Teimuraz II]] to rule directly over them. However, in 1746, King Teimuraz was forced to suppress another peasant uprising, with the help of King [[Erekle II]] of [[Kakheti]]. The fortress remained in use until the beginning of the 19th century. In 2007, the complex has been on the tentative list for inclusion into the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] program.<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5222/ UNESCO tentative list]</ref>

When the castle was under siege, it was not defeated because a secret tunnel led to the water and thus provided a way to get food and water to the people who had taken refuge in the castle. The enemy finally captured a woman named Ana, who was from Nuri, and tortured her to reveal the location of the tunnel. But she chose to die rather than giving the secret away. Hence the castle was called Ananuri, and she became a legend.

==Architecture==
The fortifications consist of two castles joined by a crenellated [[Curtain wall (fortification)|curtain wall]]. The upper fortification with a large square tower, known as ''Sheupovari'', is well preserved and is the location of the last defense of the Aragvi against the Shanshe. The lower fortification, with a round tower, is mostly in ruins.

Within the complex are two churches among other buildings. The older Church of the Virgin, which abuts a tall square tower, has the graves of some of the Dukes of Aragvi. It dates from the first half of the 17th century, and was built of brick. The interior is no longer decorated, but of interest is a stone [[baldaquin]] erected by the widow of the Duke Edishera, who died in 1674.

The larger Church of the Mother of God (''Ghvtismshobeli'') was built in 1689 for the son of Duke Bardzim. It is a central dome style structure with richly decorated façades, including a carved north entrance and a carved [[grapevine cross]] on the south façade. It also contains the remains of a number of [[fresco]]es, most of which were destroyed by the fire in the 18th century.<ref>Rosen, Roger. ''Georgia: A Sovereign Country of the Caucasus.'' Odyssey Publications: Hong Kong, 1999. {{ISBN|962-217-748-4}}</ref>

==Gallery==

<gallery>
阿纳努里修道院11.jpg|Ananuri
Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (Ananuri) 01.jpg|Church of the Mother of God
Ananuri Fortress 06.jpg|Walls of the fortress
Ananuri Fortress 04.jpg|Inside the fortress
Inscriptionsfacade.JPG|Inscriptions
</gallery>

== References ==
{{Commons category|Ananuri}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.parliament.ge/~lika/ancient/ananuri/ananuri_about.htm Georgian government site]
* [http://www.traveladventures.org/continents/asia/ananuri.shtml Pictures of Ananuri]
*[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5222/ UNESCO site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110311030437/http://www.iatt-online.org/index/excursions/0-207 International Association of Tourists and Travelers]
* [http://www.flycaucasus.com Paragliding in Ananuri]

{{Georgian Churches}}

[[Category:Castles and forts in Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:World Heritage Tentative List]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Mtskheta-Mtianeti]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Mtskheta-Mtianeti]]
[[Category:Tiflis Governorate]]