View source for Alex Toth

{{Short description|American cartoonist}}
{{distinguish|Alexis Toth}}
{{Infobox comics creator
| image         = Alex Toth.jpg
| caption       = Alex Toth by [[Michael Netzer]]
| alt           =
| birth_name    =
| birth_date    = {{birth date|1928|06|25}}
| birth_place   = [[New York City]], U.S.
| death_date    = {{death date and age|2006|05|27|1928|06|25}}
| death_place   = [[Burbank, California]], U.S.
| area          = Artist, animator
| art           = y
| alias         =
| signature     = <!-- very optional -->
| notable works = {{plainlist|
* ''[[Space Ghost (TV series)|Space Ghost]]''
* ''[[Birdman and the Galaxy Trio]]''
* ''[[The Herculoids]]''
* ''[[Jonny Quest]]''
* ''[[The Fantastic Four (1967 TV series)|The Fantastic Four]]''
* ''[[Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!]]''
* ''[[Super Friends]]''
* ''[[Thundarr the Barbarian]]''
}}
| awards        =
| website       =
}}

'''Alexander Toth''' ({{IPAc-en|t|oʊ|θ}};<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ia8XwiAHThE "Simplicity: The Life of Alex Toth"]<!--at 1:51--></ref> June 25, 1928 – May 27, 2006)<ref name="Lambiek">{{cite web |url= http://www.lambiek.net/artists/t/toth_a.htm|title= Alex Toth|date= June 14, 2012|publisher= [[Lambiek|Lambiek Comiclopedia]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140605095927/http://www.lambiek.net/artists/t/toth_a.htm|archive-date= June 5, 2014|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> was an American [[cartoonist]] active from the 1940s through the 1980s. Toth's work began in the American [[American comic book|comic book]] industry, but he is also known for his animation designs for [[Hanna-Barbera]] throughout the 1960s and 1970s. He came to Hanna Barbera in 1964 to do designs for ''[[Jonny Quest]]''  and his work included ''[[Super Friends]]'', ''[[Fantastic Four (1967 TV series)|Fantastic Four]]'', ''[[Space Ghost (TV series)|Space Ghost]]'', ''[[Sealab 2020]]'', ''[[The Herculoids]]'' and ''[[Birdman and the Galaxy Trio|Birdman]]''. Toth's work has been resurrected in the late-night, adult-themed spin-offs on [[Cartoon Network]]’s late night sister channel [[Adult Swim]]: ''[[Space Ghost Coast to Coast]]'', ''[[Sealab 2021]]'' and ''[[Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law]]''.

He was inducted into the comic book industry's [[List of Harvey Award winners#The Jack Kirby Hall of Fame|Jack Kirby Hall of Fame]] in 1990.

==Biography==

===Early life and career===
Alex Toth was born in 1928 to immigrants from Hungary. His father was Sandor Toth, a coal miner, and also musician of [[Calvinism|Calvinist]] religion who hailed from [[Bodroghalász]],<ref name="alexandertórhbirthregister">{{Cite web|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6V1T-1JBL|title=familysearch.org - Hungary - civilian registers - Zemplén county - Bodroghalász - Birth of Sándor (Alexander) Tóth - son of Sámuel Tóth and Erzsébet Menyhért - 1902. july 19th|website=[[FamilySearch]] }}</ref> Hungary, and his mother was the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] Mary Elizabeth Hufnagel, who hailed from [[Budapest]].<ref name="alextóthchristineschabermarriage">{{Cite web|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L93W-RQ4?i=2579&cc=1804002&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AK8X8-FN7|title=familysearch.org - California, County Marriages, 1850-1953 - The marriage of Alex Tóth and Christine Schaber - Los Angeles - 1956. december 27th|website=[[FamilySearch]] }}</ref><ref name="hufnagelerzsébetbirth">{{Cite web|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QP79-1D6M|title=familysearch.org - civilian registers - Budapest VII district - births registers - Hufnagel Erzsébet - daughter of Hufganel József and Kroppa Mária - 1905. november 7th|website=[[FamilySearch]] }}</ref> His parents Alexander Tóth and Mary Hufnagel married in [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], [[Ontario]] on October 27, 1924, and after that they moved to Manhattan where Alex Toth was born. His paternal grandparents were Sámuel Tóth, a wine and grape farmer in Bodroghalász, and Erzsébet Menyhért; his maternal grandparents were József Hufnagel a farmer from [[Torontál County]] and Mária Kroppa.<ref name="sándoetóth andmaryhufnagelmarriage">{{Cite web|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKM5-5GBX|title=familysearch - Hamilton, Ontario - marriages - marriage Alexander Tóth and Mary Elisabeth Hufnagel - 1924. October 27th|website=[[FamilySearch]] }}</ref><ref name="SocialSecurityaletoth">{{Cite web|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6KM1-9KRC|title=United States, Social Security Numerical Identification Files (NUMIDENT), 1936-2007 - Alexander Toth, born in 25 Jun 1928, Manhattan, son of Sandor Toth and Mary Elisabeth Hufnagel|website=[[FamilySearch]] }}</ref>

Toth's talent was noticed early, and a teacher from his poster class in junior high school urged him to devote himself to art. Enrolling in the [[School of Industrial Art]],<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/06/arts/design/06toth.html?_r=0 |title=Alex Toth, 77, Comic Book Artist and ''Space Ghost'' Animator, Dies |first=Dennis |last=Hevesi |date=June 6, 2006 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620011913/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/06/arts/design/06toth.html?_r=1& |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Toth studied illustration. He began his career when he sold his first freelance art at the age of 15, subsequently illustrating true stories for ''Heroic'' magazine through a [[comic book packager]] named Steve Douglas.<ref name="Lambiek" /> Although he initially aimed to do newspaper [[comic strip|strips]] ("It was my dream to do what [[Milt Caniff|Caniff]], [[Alex Raymond|Raymond]], and [[Hal Foster|Foster]] had done"),<ref name="CBA">{{cite journal|title = A Talk With Alex Toth|journal = [[Comic Book Artist]]|issue = 11|publisher = [[TwoMorrows Publishing]]|date = January 2001|location= Raleigh, North Carolina|url = http://www.twomorrows.com/comicbookartist/articles/11toth.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140330234359/http://www.twomorrows.com/comicbookartist/articles/11toth.html|archive-date= March 30, 2014|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> he found the industry "dying" and instead moved into comic books.

After graduating from the School of Industrial Art in 1947, Toth was hired by [[Sheldon Mayer]] at National/[[DC Comics]]. ''[[Green Lantern (comic book)|Green Lantern]]'' #28 (Oct.–Nov. 1947) was one of the first comics he drew for the company.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wallace|first1= Daniel|editor-last1=Dolan|editor-first1=Hannah|chapter= 1940s|title = DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle|publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley]]|year=2010|location= London, United Kingdom|isbn= 978-0-7566-6742-9 |page= 56|quote = This issue featured some of the earliest work by talented young artist Alex Toth...Alongside other newcomers such as Joe Kubert and Carmine Infantino, Toth helped bring a fresh look to the pages of DC.}}</ref> He drew four issues of ''[[All Star Comics]]''<ref>{{cite book|last= Thomas|first= Roy| author-link = Roy Thomas|chapter= "The Men (and One Woman) Behind the JSA: Its Creation and Creative Personnel|title = All-Star Companion ''Volume 1''|publisher= TwoMorrows Publishing|year=2000|location= Raleigh, North Carolina|isbn= 1-893905-055|pages= 34}}</ref> including issues #38 and #41 in which the [[Black Canary]] first met the [[Justice Society of America]] and then joined the team.<ref>Wallace "1940s" in Dolan, p. 57: "In a sign of the character's growing popularity, Black Canary made her first appearance outside of ''Flash Comics'' in a feature by writer Robert Kanigher and artist Alex Toth...By the story's end, Black Canary was considered for JSA membership but wouldn't officially join until ''All Star Comics'' #41."</ref> A canine sidekick for Green Lantern named Streak was introduced in ''Green Lantern'' #30 (Feb.–March 1948) and the dog proved so popular that he became the featured character on several covers of the series starting with #34.<ref>Wallace "1940s" in Dolan, p. 59: "The debut of Streak the Wonder Dog in a story by writer Robert Kanigher and artist Alex Toth wasn't a good sign for Green Lantern...Streak took over the cover of issue #34 in September, but he couldn't save his master's series from cancelation the following year."</ref> He worked at DC for five years, drawing the [[Golden Age of Comics|Golden Age]] versions of the [[Flash (Jay Garrick)|Flash]], [[Doctor Mid-Nite]], and the [[Atom (Al Pratt)|Atom]].<ref name="GCD">{{gcdb|type=credit|search= Alex+Toth|title= Alex Toth}}</ref> In addition to superheroes, Toth drew [[Western comics]] for DC including ''[[All-Star Western]]''.<ref>[[Alexander C. Irvine|Irvine, Alex]] "1950s" in Dolan, p. 66: "With work by artists Gil Kane, Carmine Infantino, and Alex Toth, and writer Robert Kanigher, among others, ''All-Star Western'' would run for ten years as a bimonthly title."</ref> He was assigned to the "[[Johnny Thunder#John Tane|Johnny Thunder]]" feature in ''All-Star Western'' because editor [[Julius Schwartz]] considered him to be "my best artist at the time."<ref>{{cite book|last = Daniels|first = Les|author-link = Les Daniels|chapter= Go West – Cowboys Conquer Comic Books|title = DC Comics: Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes|publisher = [[Little, Brown and Company|Bulfinch Press]]|year = 1995|location= New York, New York|page = 99|isbn = 0821220764}}</ref> Toth and writer [[Robert Kanigher]] co-created [[Rex the Wonder Dog]] in 1952.<ref>Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 68: "Rex the Wonder Dog leaped into comics with his own bimonthly series...written by Robert Kanigher and [drawn by] Alex Toth."</ref>

For a brief time in 1950, Toth was able to realize his dream of working on newspaper comic strips by [[Ghostwriter|ghost illustrating]] ''[[Casey Ruggles]]'' with [[Warren Tufts]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toonopedia.com/ruggles.htm |title=Casey Ruggles |first=Don |last=Markstein |year=2010 |publisher=[[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]] |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091016112248/http://www.toonopedia.com/ruggles.htm |archive-date=October 16, 2009 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all |access-date=June 20, 2014 }}</ref> In 1952 Toth ended his contract with DC Comics and moved to California. It is during that time that he worked on crime, war and romance comics for [[Standard Comics]]. In 1954, Toth was drafted into the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] and stationed in Tokyo, Japan. While in Japan, he wrote and drew his own weekly adventure strip, ''Jon Fury'', for the base paper, ''Depot Diary''. He served in the Army until 1956.

===Animation and later career===
[[File:Spaceghost.jpg|thumb|right|[[Space Ghost]], one of Toth's most famous designs]]
Returning to the United States in 1956, Toth settled in the Los Angeles area and worked primarily for [[Dell Comics]] until 1960. In that year, Toth became art director for the ''[[Space Angel]]'' animated science fiction show. This led to his being hired by [[Hanna-Barbera]], where he created the character [[Space Ghost]] for the [[Space Ghost (TV series)|animated series of the same name]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/spacegh.htm |title=Space Ghost |first=Don |last=Markstein |year=2006 |publisher=Don Markstein's Toonopedia |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131105094114/http://www.toonopedia.com/spacegh.htm |archive-date=November 5, 2013 |url-status=live|df=mdy-all|quote=Space Ghost endured and is still popular today. In large part, this is due to the artistic input of comic book veteran Alex Toth...who, on staff with Hanna-Barbera as a designer and idea man, is generally credited with having created Space Ghost.}}</ref> His other creations include ''[[The Herculoids]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/hercloid.htm |title=The Herculoids |first=Don |last=Markstein |year=2007 |publisher=Don Markstein's Toonopedia |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630115522/http://www.toonopedia.com/hercloid.htm |archive-date=June 30, 2012 |url-status=live|df=mdy-all|quote=Like the majority of Hanna-Barbera's late '60s adventure characters&nbsp;... The Herculoids were created by designer Alex Toth.}}</ref> ''[[Birdman and the Galaxy Trio]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/birdman.htm |title=Birdman |first=Don |last=Markstein |year=2008 |publisher=Don Markstein's Toonopedia |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140620022738/http://www.toonopedia.com/birdman.htm |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> and ''[[Dino Boy in the Lost Valley]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/dinoboy.htm |title=Dino Boy in the Lost Valley |first=Don |last=Markstein |year=2010 |publisher=Don Markstein's Toonopedia |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140620022133/http://www.toonopedia.com/dinoboy.htm |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> He worked as a storyboard and design artist until 1968 and then again in 1973 when he was assigned to Australia for five months to produce the TV series ''[[Super Friends]]''.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

He continued to work in comic books, contributing to [[Warren Publishing]]'s magazines ''[[Eerie (magazine)|Eerie]]'', ''[[Creepy (magazine)|Creepy]]'' and ''[[The Rook (comics)|The Rook]]''.<ref name="GCD" /> For DC Comics, he drew the first issue of ''[[The Witching Hour (DC Comics)|The Witching Hour]]'' (February–March 1969) and introduced the series' three witches.<ref>McAvennie, Michael "1960s" in Dolan, p. 132: "For the first issue, writer/artist Alex Toth provided a framing sequence&nbsp;... that introduced readers to cronish Mordred, motherly Mildred, and beautiful maiden Cynthia."</ref> Toth illustrated the comic book [[Brand licensing|tie-in]] to the ''[[Hot Wheels (TV series)|Hot Wheels]]'' animated series based on the [[Hot Wheels|toy line]].<ref>McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 138: "Toth's aerodynamic storytelling fueled a series that took licensed tie-ins in a bold new direction."</ref> His collaboration with writer [[Bob Haney]] on the four page story "Dirty Job" in ''[[Our Army at War]]'' #241 (Feb. 1972), has been described as a "true masterpiece".<ref>{{cite book|author-link= Paul Levitz|last=Levitz|first= Paul|chapter= The Bronze Age 1970–1984|title= 75 Years of DC Comics The Art of Modern Mythmaking|publisher= [[Taschen]]|year=2010|location= Cologne, Germany|isbn= 9783836519816|page= 540|quote= It was undeniable, however, that the audacity of depicting the Prince of Peace's crucifixion in ''Our Army at War'' was attention getting. This story, arguably veteran writer Haney's most prestigious work, enriched by the magnificent [Alex] Toth art, was certainly that.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2007/05/22/365-reasons-to-love-comics-142/ |title=365 Reasons to Love Comics #142 |first=Bill |last=Reed |date=May 22, 2007 |website=[[Comic Book Resources]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002064027/http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2007/05/22/365-reasons-to-love-comics-142/ |archive-date=October 2, 2012 |url-status=live|df=mdy-all|access-date=April 6, 2012}}</ref> Toth worked with writer/editor [[Archie Goodwin (comics)|Archie Goodwin]] on the story "Burma Sky" in ''[[Our Fighting Forces]]'' #146 (Dec. 1973 – Jan. 1974) and Goodwin praised Toth's art in a 1998 interview: "To me, having Alex Toth do any kind of airplane story, it's a joy for me. If I see a chance to do something like that, I will. He did a really fabulous job on it." The two men crafted a [[Batman]] story for ''[[Detective Comics]]'' #442 (Aug.–Sept. 1974) as well.<ref>{{cite journal|last = Cooke|first = Jon B.|title = Archie's Comics – Archie Goodwin talks about DC in his last interview|journal = Comic Book Artist|issue = 1|publisher = TwoMorrows Publishing|date = Spring 1998|location= Raleigh, North Carolina|url = http://twomorrows.com/comicbookartist/articles/01goodwin.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120307162234/http://twomorrows.com/comicbookartist/articles/01goodwin.html|archive-date= March 7, 2012|url-status= live|df=mdy-all|quote= He had always wanted to do a Batman story.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1= Manning|first1= Matthew K.|last2=Dougall|first2=Alastair, ed.|chapter= 1970s|title= Batman: A Visual History|publisher= [[Dorling Kindersley]]|year= 2014|location= London, United Kingdom|page= 117|isbn= 978-1465424563|quote= Two masters of sequential storytelling, writer Archie Goodwin and artist Alex Toth, joined forces for an unforgettable Batman lead story.}}</ref> Toth and [[E. Nelson Bridwell]] produced a framing sequence for the ''Super Friends'' feature in ''[[Limited Collectors' Edition]]'' #C-41 (Dec. 1975 – Jan. 1976).<ref>{{cite journal|last = Franklin|first = Chris|title = The Kids in the Hall (of Justice) A Whirlwind Tour with the Super Friends|journal = [[Back Issue!]]|issue = 61|pages = 24–28|publisher = TwoMorrows Publishing|date = December 2012|location= Raleigh, North Carolina}}</ref> Toth's final work for DC was the cover for ''[[Batman Black and White]]'' #4 (Sept. 1996).<ref>Levitz "The Dark Age 1984–1998" p. 574: "Only fate understood the juxtaposition of having the first cover [to the series] be Jim Lee's debut as a DC contributor and the last be Alex Toth's final contribution, placing the star artist of DC's next decades against the artist's artist of its Golden and Silver ages."</ref>

===Death===
Toth died at his drawing table<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/5047556.stm|title= Comic artist Alex Toth dies at 77|date= June 5, 2006|work= [[BBC News]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121104094455/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/5047556.stm|archive-date= November 4, 2012|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> on May 27, 2006,<ref name="Lambiek"/> four weeks shy of his 78th birthday.

===Personal life===
Alex Toth was the father of four children, sons Eric and Damon and daughters Dana and Carrie. His marriage to Christina Schaber Hyde ended in divorce in 1968, and his second wife, Guyla Avery, died in 1985.<ref name="NYT" />

==Legacy==
Toth did much of his comics work outside superhero comics, concentrating instead on such subjects as hot rod racing, romance, horror, and action-adventure. His work on Disney's ''[[Zorro]]'' has been reprinted in [[Trade paperback (comics)|trade paperback]] form several times. Also, there are two volumes of ''The Alex Toth Reader,'' published by [[Pure Imagination (comics)|Pure Imagination]], which focuses on his work for [[Standard Comics]] and [[Western Publishing]]. [[Brian Bolland]] has cited Toth as one of his idols.<ref>{{cite book|title= Artists on Comic Art|last= Salisbury|first= Mark|year= 2000|location= London, United Kingdom|publisher= [[Titan Books]]|isbn= 1-84023-186-6|page= [https://archive.org/details/artistsoncomicar0000sali/page/11 11]|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/artistsoncomicar0000sali/page/11}}</ref>

Journalist [[Tom Spurgeon]] wrote that Toth possessed "an almost transcendent understanding of the power of art as a visual story component", and called him "one of the handful of people who could seriously enter into Greatest Comic Book Artist of All-Time discussions" and "a giant of 20th-century cartoon design".<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/cr_sunday_magazine052806/|title= Alex Toth, 1928–2006|first= Tom|last= Spurgeon|author-link= Tom Spurgeon|date= May 28, 2006|publisher= The Comics Reporter|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140330224756/http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/cr_sunday_magazine052806/|archive-date= March 30, 2014|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

Toth was known for his exhaustive study of other artists and his outspoken analysis of comics art past and present. For example, in a 2001 interview he criticized the trend of fully painted comics, saying "It ''could'' be comics if those who know how to paint also knew how to tell a story! Who knew what pacing was, and didn't just jam a lot of pretty pictures together into a page, pages, and call it a story, continuity! It ain't!" Toth lamented what he saw as a lack of awareness on the part of younger artists of their predecessors, as well as a feeling that the innocent fun of comics' past was being lost in the pursuit of pointless [[nihilism]] and mature content.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tvparty.com/comics/toth20.html|title= Twenty Questions with Alex Toth|date= n.d.|publisher= TVparty.com|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120229030454/http://www.tvparty.com/comics/toth20.html|archive-date= February 29, 2012|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

In the 1990s and 2000s, he contributed to the magazines ''[[Comic Book Artist]]'' and ''[[Alter Ego (magazine)|Alter Ego]]'', writing the columns "Before I Forget" and "Who Cares? I Do!", respectively. In 2006, James Counts and Billy Ingram compiled personal anecdotes, hundreds of unseen sketches from famous Alex Toth comic and animated works combined with correspondence with friend and comics dealer John Hitchcock in the book ''Dear John: The Alex Toth Doodle Book'' (Octopus Press). Launched at ComicCon 2006, the first printing sold out within weeks of first publication.

Film director [[Michael Almereyda]] said Toth was a formative influence on his youth, and credits Toth's long interest in [[Nikola Tesla]] as the catalyst for Almereyda's biographical drama [[Tesla (2020 film)|''Tesla'']]:
{{blockquote|... part of my fascination came from a great comic book artist, a guy who within his own framework is called a genius, named Alex Toth. He's a visual storyteller that I'll always be learning from, and anyone who cares about narrative through pictures: he’s a brilliant man. But he was illustrating really stupid stories. Alex befriended me when I was a teenager and I would go over to his house and chain smoke ... and he would talk about Nikola Tesla. That’s how I learned about Tesla, through Alex Toth.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.scienceandfilm.org/articles/3283/pigeons-and-geniuses-michael-almereyda-discusses-tesla|title= Pigeons and Geniuses: Michael Almereyda Discusses Tesla|date= February 7, 2020|publisher=[[Museum of the Moving Image]]| archive-date=February 15, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200215093254/http://www.scienceandfilm.org/articles/3283/pigeons-and-geniuses-michael-almereyda-discusses-tesla|url-status=live}}</ref>}}

==Awards and recognition==
* [[Inkpot Award]] from [[San Diego Comic-Con]], 1981<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/inkpot.php|title= Inkpot Award Winners |publisher= Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120709055558/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/inkpot.php|archive-date= July 9, 2012|url-status= live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* Inducted into the comic book industry's [[List of Harvey Award winners#The Jack Kirby Hall of Fame|Jack Kirby Hall of Fame]] in 1990.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.harveyawards.org/previous-awards-nominees/1990-harvey-awards/ |title=1990 Harvey Awards |year=2013 |publisher=[[Harvey Award]]s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108104046/http://www.harveyawards.org/previous-awards-nominees/1990-harvey-awards/ |archive-date=November 8, 2013 |url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

==Bibliography==

===DC Comics===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''[[Adventure Comics]]'' #418–419 ([[Black Canary]]); #425, 431, 495–497 (1972–1983) 
* ''Adventures of [[Rex the Wonder Dog]]'' #1–3 (1952) 
* ''[[All-American Comics]]'' #88 ([[Doctor Mid-Nite]]); #92, 96, 98–99 ([[Alan Scott|Green Lantern]]); #100–102 ([[Johnny Thunder#John Tane|Johnny Thunder]]) (1947–1948) 
* ''All-American Western'' #103–125 (Johnny Thunder) (1948–1952) 
* ''[[All Star Comics]]'' #37–38, 40–41 ([[Justice Society of America]]) (1947–1948) 
* ''[[All-Star Western]]'' #58–61, 63 (1951–1952) 
* ''[[Blackhawk (DC Comics)|Blackhawk]]'' #260 (1983) 
* ''[[The Brave and the Bold]]'' #53 (the [[Atom (Ray Palmer)|Atom]] and the [[Barry Allen|Flash]] team-up) (1964) 
* ''[[Comic Cavalcade]]'' #26–28 (Green Lantern) (1948) 
* ''[[Dale Evans]] Comics'' #1–11 (1948–1950) 
* ''[[King Faraday|Danger Trail]]'' #1–5 (1950–1951) 
* ''[[DC Comics Presents]]'' #84 ([[Superman]] and the [[Challengers of the Unknown]] team-up) (1985) 
* ''[[Detective Comics]]'' #174 ([[Roy Raymond (comics)|Roy Raymond]]); #442 ([[Batman]]) (1951–1974) 
* ''[[Flash Comics]]'' #102 (1948) 
* ''[[Girls' Love Stories]]'' #1–2, 4 (1949–1950) 
* ''[[Girls' Romances]]'' #2, 13, 120 (1950–1966) 
* ''[[Green Lantern (comic book)|Green Lantern]]'' #28, 30–31, 34–38 (1947–1949) 
* ''Green Lantern'' vol. 2 #171 (1983) 
* ''[[Hot Wheels (TV series)|Hot Wheels]]'' #1–5 (1970) 
* ''[[House of Mystery]]'' #109, 120, 149, 182, 184, 187, 190, 194 (1961–1971) 
* ''[[House of Secrets (DC Comics)|House of Secrets]]'' #48, 63–67, 83, 123 (1961–1974) 
* ''[[Jimmy Wakely#Comic books|Jimmy Wakely]]'' #1–15 (1949–1952) 
* ''[[Limited Collectors' Edition]]'' #C-41 ([[Super Friends]]) (1975) 
* ''[[My Greatest Adventure]]'' #58, 60–61, 77, 81, 85 (1961–1964) 
* ''[[Mystery in Space]]'' #1, 7 (1951–1952) 
* ''[[Our Army at War]]'' #235, 241, 254 (1971–1973) 
* ''[[Our Fighting Forces]]'' #134, 146 (1971–1973) 
* ''[[Plop!]]'' #11 (1975) 
* ''[[Rip Hunter]]... Time Master'' #6–7 (1962) 
* ''Romance Trail'' #1–4, 6 (1949–1950) 
* ''[[Secret Hearts]]'' #114, 141–143, 149 (1966–1971) 
* ''[[Sensation Comics]]'' #91–92, 107 (1949–1952) 
* ''Sensation Mystery'' #114 (1953) 
* ''[[Secrets of Sinister House|Sinister House of Secret Love]]'' #3 (1972) 
* ''[[Star Spangled War Stories]]'' #164 (1972) 
* ''[[Strange Adventures]]'' #8–9, 12–13, 17–19 (1951–1952) 
* ''[[Superman (comic book)|Superman Annual]]'' #9 (1983) 
* ''[[Weird War Tales]]'' #5, 6, 10 (1972-1973) 
* ''[[Weird Western Tales]]'' #14 (1972) 
* ''[[The Witching Hour (DC Comics)|The Witching Hour]]'' #1, 3, 8, 10–12 (1969–1970) 
* ''[[World's Finest Comics]]'' #54, 66 (1951–1953) 
* ''[[Young Love (comics)|Young Love]]'' #74, 78–79 (1969–1970) 
* ''[[Young Romance]]'' #163–164 (1969–1970)

===Dell Comics===
* ''[[Colt .45 (TV series)|Colt .45]]'' #6 (1960)  
* ''[[The Range Rider|The Flying A's Range Rider]]'' #17 (1957)  
* ''[[Four Color]]'' #790, 822, 845–846, 877, 882, 889, 907, 920, 914, 933, 951, 960, 976, 992, 1003, 1018, 1014, 1024, 1041, 1069, 1066, 1071, 1085, 1105–1106, 1134, 1159, 1180, 1265 (1957–1962)  
* ''The Frogmen'' #5 (1963)  
* ''[[Hugh O'Brian]], [[The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp|Famous Marshal Wyatt Earp]]'' #10, 13 (1960–1961)  
* ''Jace Pearson's [[Tales of the Texas Rangers]]'' #15–16 (1957)   
* ''[[Lawman (TV series)|Lawman]]'' #4 (1960)
* ''[[Maverick (TV series)|Maverick]]'' #10, 13 (1960)  
* ''[[Rex Allen]]'' #24 (1957)  
* ''[[The Rifleman]]'' #3, 6 (1960–1961)  
* ''[[Rin Tin Tin]] and Rusty'' #34, 36 (1960–1961)  
* ''[[The Roy Rogers Show|Roy Rogers and Trigger]]'' #111, 119–124 (1957–1958)  
* ''Voyage to the Deep'' #3 (1963)  
* ''[[Wagon Train]]'' #5 (1960)  
* ''Western Roundup'' #18 (1957)  
* ''[[Zorro (1957 TV series)|Zorro]]'' #9, 12 (1960–1961)

===Gold Key Comics===
* ''Boris Karloff Tales of Mystery'' #5 (1963)
* ''[[Darby O'Gill and the Little People]]'' #1 (1970)
* ''[[Mystery Comics Digest]]'' #3, 5, 12, 21 (1972–1975) 
* ''[[Twilight Zone literature#Comics|Twilight Zone]]'' #3–4, 25 (1963–1968)
* ''[[Walt Disney Comics Digest]]'' #9, 35, 39, 52 (1969–1975)
* ''Walt Disney Presents [[Zorro#Comics|Zorro]]'' #1–2, 4–5, 7–9 (1966–1968)
* ''Walt Disney Showcase'' #34 (1976)

===Marvel Comics===
* ''Justice'' #41 (1953) 
* ''[[Love Romances]]'' #49, 53 (1955) 
* ''[[Lovers (comic book)|Lovers]]'' #67 (1955) 
* ''My Love Story'' #7 (1957) 
* ''[[My Own Romance]]'' #55 (1957) 
* ''[[Rawhide Kid (comic book)|Rawhide Kid]]'' #46 (1965) 
* ''TV Stars'' #3 ([[Space Ghost]]) (1978) 
* ''[[Western Gunfighters]]'' #24 (1957) 
* ''[[Uncanny X-Men|X-Men]]'' #12 (1965)

===Standard Comics===
* ''Adventures into Darkness'' #5, 8–9 (1952–1953)  
* ''Battlefront'' #5 (1952)  
* ''Best Romance'' #5 (1952)  
* ''Crime Files'' #5 (1952)  
* ''Exciting War'' #8 (1953)  
* ''Fantastic Worlds'' #5–6 (1952)  
* ''Intimate Love'' #19, 21–22, 26 (1952–1954)  
* ''Jet Fighters'' #5, 7 (1952–1953)  
* ''Joe Yank'' #5–6, 8, 10, 15 (1952–1954)  
* ''Lost Worlds'' #5–6 (1952)  
* ''My Real Love'' #5 (1952)  
* ''New Romances'' #10–11, 14, 16–20 (1952–1954)  
* ''Out of the Shadows'' #5–6, 10–12 (1952–1954)  
* ''Popular Romance'' #22–27 (1953–1954)   
* ''This Is War'' #5–6, 9 (1952–1953)  
* ''Thrilling Romances'' #19, 22–24 (1952–1954)  
* ''Today's Romance'' #6 (1952)  
* ''The Unseen'' #5–6, 12–13 (1952–1954)

===Warren Publishing===
* ''[[Blazing Combat]]'' #1–4 (1965–1966)
* ''[[Creepy (magazine)|Creepy]]'' #5, 7, 23, 75–80, 91, 114, 122–125, 139, ''Annual'' #1 (1965–1982)
* ''[[Eerie (magazine)|Eerie]]'' #2–3, 14, 16, 51, 64–65, 67, ''Annual'' #1 (1966–1975)  
* ''[[The Rook (comics)|The Rook Magazine]]'' #3–4 (1980)
* ''U.F.O. and Alien Comix'' #1 (1977)
* ''[[Vampirella]]'' #90, 108, 110 (1980–1982)
* ''Warren Presents'' #3 (1979)
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* ''Alex Toth'' edited by Manuel Auad, Kitchen Sink Press, 1995, {{ISBN|978-0878163823}}
* ''Toth: One for the Road'' edited by Manuel Auad, Auad, 2000, {{ISBN|978-0966938111}}
* ''The Toth Reader'' Pure Imagination, 1995, {{ISBN|978-1566850155}}
* ''The Alex Toth Reader'' vol. 2 Pure Imagination, 2005, {{ISBN|978-1566850346}}
* ''Dear John: The Alex Toth Doodle Book'' by Alex Toth and John Hitchcock, Octopus Press, 2006, {{ISBN|978-0972555319}} 
* ''Alex Toth: Edge of Genius Volume 1'' Pure Imagination, 2007, {{ISBN|978-1566850377}}
* ''Alex Toth: Edge of Genius Volume 2'' Pure Imagination, 2008
* ''Alex Toth in Hollywood Volume 1'' Pure Imagination, 2009, {{ISBN|978-1566850551}}
* ''Alex Toth in Hollywood Volume 2'' Pure Imagination, 2010, {{ISBN|978-1566850827}}
* ''Setting the Standard: Comics by Alex Toth 1952–1954'' Fantagraphics Books, 2011, {{ISBN|978-1606994085}}
* ''Genius, Isolated: The Life and Art of Alex Toth'' by Dean Mullaney & Bruce Canwell, IDW, 2011, {{ISBN|978-1600108280}}
* ''Genius, Illustrated: The Life and Art of Alex Toth'' by Dean Mullaney & Bruce Canwell, IDW, 2013, {{ISBN|978-1613770245}}
* ''Genius, Animated: The Cartoon Art of Alex Toth'' by Dean Mullaney & Bruce Canwell, IDW, 2014, {{ISBN|978-1613779507}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Biography}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{IMDb name|name=Alex Toth|id=0869309}}
*{{Inducks author|ATo|Alex Toth}}
* [http://www.mikesamazingworld.com/mikes/features/creator.php?creatorid=64 Alex Toth] at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
* [http://www.maelmill-insi.de/UHBMCC/namt13.htm#N1138 Alex Toth] at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
* [https://www.artofthecomicbook.com/blog/alex-toth-critiques-steve-rude.html] an Alex Toth comicbook art critique


{{eccontribs}}
{{Hanna-Barbera Super Heroes}}
{{Inkpot Award 1980s}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Toth, Alex}}
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