View source for Al Imran

{{Short description|3rd chapter of the Quran}}
{{infobox surah
| number         = 3
| name           = Āl ʿImrān
| name-ar        = {{lang|ar|آل عِمْرَانَ}}
| name-en        = The Family of [[Joachim|Imran]]
| prev_sura      = Quran 2
| next_sura      = Quran 4
| classification = Medinan
| othernames-ar  = 
| othernames     = 
| time           = 
| juz            = 3–4
| hizb           = 5, 6 and 7
| rukus          = 20
| verses         = 200
| words          = 3481
| letters        = 14762
| muqattaat      = Alif Lam Meem
| sajdahs        = 
| subject_ayat   = 
| audio          = 
}}
{{Quran}} 
[[File:Double page from the Sultan Baybars Qur'an. The beginning of Sura Al-Imran (BL Add Ms 22406, ff.86v-87r).jpg|thumb|right|Double-page with the beginning of the chapter Al Imran. Text page written in gold [[thuluth]] script outlined in black, with the chapter heading overlayed in red ink. From the Qur'an commissioned by the future sultan [[Baybars II|Baibars]] in 1304. [[British Library]]]]
'''Al Imran''' ({{langx|ar|آل عِمْرَانَ}}, {{transliteration|ar|āl ʿimrān}}; {{small|meaning:}} The Family of Imran<ref name="qtaf|en:ibk">{{Qtaf|en:ibk|3|1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Āl ʿImrān| year= 2012 |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam| edition=2nd|publisher=Brill |editor1=P. Bearman|editor2= Th. Bianquis|editor3= C.E. Bosworth|editor4= E. van Donzel|editor5= W.P. Heinrichs| doi= 10.1163/2214-871X_ei1_SIM_0553 }}{{subscription required}}</ref>) is the [[List of chapters in the Quran|third chapter]] ([[sūrah]]) of the [[Quran]] with two hundred verses (''[[āyāt]]'').

This chapter is named after the family of Imran (Joachim), which includes [[Joachim|Imran]], [[Saint Anne#in Islam|Saint Anne]] (wife of Imran), [[Mary in Islam|Mary]], and [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the [[asbāb al-nuzūl]] or circumstances of revelation, the chapter is believed to have been either the second or third of the [[Medinan surah]]s, as it references both the events of the battles of [[Battle of Badr|Badr]] and [[Battle of Uhud|Uhud]]. Almost all of it also belongs to the third [[Hijri year]], though a minority of its verses might have been revealed during the visit of the deputation of the [[Christian community of Najran]] at the [[event of the mubahala]], which occurred around the 10th year of the Hijrah.<ref name="qtaf|en:ibk" />

==Summary==

*'''1-2''' [[Tawhid|God is one]] and [[Aseity|self-existent]] 
*'''3-4''' The Quran is to be believed 
*'''5-6''' God [[omniscient in Islam|omniscient]]
*'''7''' Plain and obscure [[Āyah|verses of the Quran]] 
*'''8-9''' The prayer of those versed in Quranic mystery 
*'''10-12''' The punishment of [[Pharaoh in Islam|Pharaoh]] a warning to infidels 
*'''13''' The victory at the [[Battle of Badr]] alluded to 
*'''14-18''' The [[faithful in Islam|faithful]], their character and reward 
*'''19-20''' [[Islam]] the true religion 
*'''21-25''' The punishment of [[unbelievers in Islam|unbelievers]] eternal 
*'''26-27''' God [[omnipotent]] and sovereign 
*'''28-34''' Obedience to the Rabbinical lineage of Abraham enjoined.
*'''35-38''' The [[Virgin Mary in Islam|Virgin Mary]] - her conception - nurtured by [[Zechariah in Islam|Zacharias]] 
*'''39-41''' [[John the Baptist in Islam|John the Baptist]], his birth 
*'''42-57''' [[Jesus in Islam|Christ]] announced to the Virgin - [[Jesus in Islam#Miracles|his miracles]], [[apostles in Islam|apostles]] etc.
*'''58-65''' Muhammad's dispute with the Christians of [[Najran]] 
*'''66-77''' The hypocritical [[Jews and Islam|Jews]] reproached 
*'''78-83''' [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Prophets]] not to be [[Worship in Islam|worshipped]] 
*'''84-91''' God's curse on infidels 
*'''92''' [[Almsgiving in Islam|Almsgiving]] enjoined 
*'''93-95''' The Jews unlawfully forbid certain meats 
*'''96-97''' The [[Kaaba]] founded 
*'''98-120''' The lot of infidels and believers contrasted
*'''121-122''' The [[battle of Uhud]] alluded to 
*'''123''' The narration about divine intervention from God in battle of Badr, as the number of personnel and war equipments brought by Muslims are few.<ref name="Tafsirweb Religious affair ministry Ali Imran 123">{{cite web |author1=Omar Al-Muqbil |author2=professor Shalih bin Abdullah bin Humaid from Riyadh Tafsir center |author3=Imad Zuhair Hafidz from Markaz Ta'dhim Qur'an Medina |author1-link=Omar Al-Muqbil |title=Surat Ali-Imran ayat 123 |date=2016 |url=https://tafsirweb.com/1255-surat-ali-imran-ayat-123.html |website=Tafsirweb |publisher=[[Islamic University of Madinah]]; [[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)]]; [[Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance]] |access-date=30 January 2022 |language=Indonesian, Arabic}}</ref> [[Muhammad al-Bukhari]] giving commentary about the conclusion of this verse by correlate the subsequent event about the conversation between Muhammad and Gabriel, that the help which Allah sent down to bring victory to the Muslims were in the form of the army of best angels among their kinds.<ref name="Lives Of The Sahaba 39 – Az-Zubayr Ibn Al-Awwam – PT 01" /> This were viewed as the instruction from the verse for Muslims to always fear and be thankful for Allah.<ref name="Lives Of The Sahaba 39 – Az-Zubayr Ibn Al-Awwam – PT 01" />
*'''124''' Consensus of Islamic scholars and clerics has enclosed various hadiths as interpretation material for this verse that [[Gabriel in Islam|Gabriel]],<ref>{{Qtaf|en:ibk|3|124}}</ref><ref name="Misri; Sirah Sahabah: Zubair bin Awwam">{{cite book |last1=al-Misri |first1=Mahmud |title=Sahabat-Sahabat Rasulullah vol 1: Zubair bin Awwam |trans-title=Companion of the Prophet vol 1: Zubair bin Awwam  |date=2015 |publisher=Pustaka Ibnu Katsir |isbn=9789791294386 |language=id, ar |url=https://onesearch.id/Record/IOS3644.slims-9450 |access-date=6 November 2021 |page=[https://kalemtayeb.com/safahat/item/36531 Shaja'ah Zubayr ibn al-Awwam Radhiyallahu anh (bravery of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam]; by {{ill|Mahmud al-Misri|ar|محمود المصري}}; official Book review by [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pS1qvPSxq34 Basalamah]; quoting various supplementary sources such as Sahih Bukhari, [[Sahih Muslim]], Siyar A'lam Nubala, [[Al-Tirmidhi]], [[Prophetic biography]] of Ibn Hisham, etc.}}</ref> [[Michael (archangel)|Michael]], [[Israfil|Raphael]]<ref name="Israfil" /> {{#tag:ref|found in Mustadrak al Sahihayn.<ref>{{cite book |last1=al-Nishapuri |first1=al-Hakim |title=al Mustadrak ala Sahihayn |publisher=Islamweb |location=Islamweb |url=https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&idfrom=4305&idto=4307&bk_no=74&ID=1899 |access-date=13 December 2021 |chapter=Kitabu Ma'rifat Shahabatu Radhiyallahu Anhum: Gabriel, Michael and Israfil descend in the Battle of Badr. |quote=4488 - Narrated Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ya'kub, through Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al Saadi, on the authority of Muhammad bin Khalid bin Athmah, on the authority of Musa bin Yaqub , who reported Abu Huwayrith , that Muhammad bin Jabir bin Mut'im, told him}}</ref> The complete narration from [[Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri]]: {{blockquote|Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Yaqoub has reported from Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al-Saadi,  who told us Muhammad bin Khalid bin Uthma, told us Musa bin Yaqoub, told me Abu Al-Huwairith, that Muhammad bin Jubayr bin Mut’im told him, that he heard Ali - may God be pleased with him - addresses the people, and he said: While I was leaving from the well of Badr, a strong wind came, the like of which I had never seen, then it left, then came a strong wind, the like of which I have never seen except for the one before it, then it went, then came a strong wind that I did not see before. I have never seen anything like it except for the one before it, and the first wind was Gabriel descended among a thousand angels with the Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - and the second wind was Michael who descended among a thousand angels to the right of the Messenger of God - may God bless him and his family and grant them peace - and Abu Bakr was On his right, and the third wind was Israfil. He descended with a thousand angels on the side of the Messenger of God - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family - and I was on the right side. When God Almighty defeated his enemies, the Messenger of God - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family - carried me on his horse, I blew up, and I fell On my heels, I prayed to God Almighty.}} {{ill|Ibn al Mulqin|id|Ibnu Al-Mulaqqin}}, a hadith scholar from Córdoba in [[al-Andalus]], century, evaluated this hadith and found it [[hadith terminology|ḍaʻīf]] (weak).<ref name="Al Mulqin Mukhtaras">{{cite web |last1=Abu Hafs Umar bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Anshari Al-Wadi Asyi Al-Andalusi At-Tukuruwi Al-Mishri Asy-Syafi`i |first1=Sirajuddin |title=كتاب مختصر تلخيص الذهبي|trans-title=kitab mukhtasar talkhis aldhahabii |url=https://al-maktaba.org/book/33911/1160 |website=Islamweb |publisher=Islamweb |access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref> However, recent scholarship from Ali Hasan al-Halabi has noted there is another hadith which supported the participation of Raphael in Badr<ref name="Israfil">{{cite web |last1=Hakim |first1=Saifuddin |title=Apakah Malaikat Israfil Bertugas Meniup Sangkakala pada Hari Kiamat? (1) |url=https://muslim.or.id/24549-apakah-malaikat-israfil-bertugas-meniup-sangkakala-pada-hari-kiamat-1.html |website=Muslim.or.id |publisher=Muslim.or.id |access-date=14 December 2021 |language=id|date=2015 |quote=[ يا آدم بر حجك ]   " ما يروى عن آدم -عليه السلام- أنه لما حج قالت له الملائكة: «يا آدم بر حجك»: غير ثابت. "  [من فوائد جلسة مع طلبة العلم /16/ذو الحجة/1432 ] __________________ " ... فهل يحسن بنا وقد أنضينا قرائحنا في تعلم هذه السنة المطهرة، وبذلنا في العمل بها جهد المستطيع، وركبنا المخاطر في الدعوة إليها؛ هل يحسن بنا بعد هذا كله أن نسكت لهؤلاء عن هذه الدعوى الباطلة، ونوليهم منا ما تولوا ونبلعهم ريقهم، وهل يحسن بنا أن لا يكون لنا في الدفاع عنها ما كان منا في الدعوة إليها؟ إنا إذن لمقصرون!..."}}</ref>|group="Notes"}}{{#tag:ref|According to Islamic belief in weak chain of Hadith, Israfil were acknowledged as angel who were tasked to blower of [[Armageddon]] trumpet.<ref name="Israfil2">{{cite web |last1=Hakim |first1=Saifuddin |title=Apakah Malaikat Israfil Bertugas Meniup Sangkakala pada Hari Kiamat? (2)|trans-title=Does angel Raphael tasked to blow the trumpet of Armageddon in the day of judgment? (2) |url=https://muslim.or.id/24567-apakah-malaikat-israfil-bertugas-meniup-sangkakala-pada-hari-kiamat-2.html |website=Muslim.or.id |publisher=Muslim.or.id |access-date=14 December 2021 |language=id|date=2015 |quote=Tafsir Al-Qurthubi, 7/20 (Maktabah Syamilah);  At-Tadzkirah bi Ahwaalil Mauta wa Umuuril Akhirah, 1/488 (Maktabah Syamilah).;  Fathul Baari 11/368 (Maktabah Syamilah); see Al-Imaan bimaa Ba’dal Maut, p. 112. ; Syarh Al-Ibanah: Al-Imaan bin Nafkhi Ash-Shuur, 5/33.; Syarh Al-‘Aqidah Al-Washithiyyah, 1/59-60 (Maktabah Asy-Syamilah). while in another book: وذلك أن الله سبحانه وتعالى يأمر اسرافيل وهو أحد الملائكة الموكلين بحمل العرش أن ينفخ في الصور  (Syarh Al-‘Aqidah As-Safariyaniyyah, 1/467).}}</ref> Suyuti mentioned Israfil as [[Muezzin]] among angels, possessed four wings, while Suyuti also mentioned another narrator Israfil possessed twelve wings instead.<ref name="Suyuti" /> Israfil also mentioned by Suyuti as [[Muezzin]] among angels and a member of  a group of biggest archangels who bear the [[Throne of God]] on their back.<ref name="Suyuti" /> However, Abu Bakar al-Hudhali opined the angel who blowing horn were different from Israfil, while [[Abu Said Al-Khudri]] mentioned the blower of horn were in fact consisted of two angels, while he supported the opinion that Israfil were also one of the blower.<ref name="Suyuti" /> However, [[Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani]] analized the hadith were [[Hadith terminology#Munkar]] and should not be trusted.<ref name="Collector of Hadiths and Traces : Which was brought out">{{cite book |author1=Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani |author1-link=Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani |title=جامع الأحاديث والآثار التي خرجها وحكم عليها فضيلة الشيخ محمد ناصر الدين الألباني، رحمه الله، في جميع كتبه|trans-title=Collector of Hadiths and Traces : Which was brought out and judged by His Eminence Sheikh Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani, may God have mercy on him, in all his books |date=2001 |type=Hadith -- Texts -- Authorities -- Criticism, Textual -- Hermeneutics |publisher=Maktaba al Islam |page=12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2vDXAAAAMAAJ |access-date=3 March 2022 |language=ar}}</ref>|group="Notes"}} and thousands of the [[Angels in Islam|best angels]] from the third level of sky, all came to the battle of Badr.<ref name="Suyuti">{{cite book |author1=Al-Suyuti |author1-link=Al-Suyuti |editor1-last=Muhammad as Said Basyuni |translator=Mishabul Munir |editor1-first=Abu Hajir |editor2-last=Yasir |editor2-first=Muhammad |title=Misteri Alam Malaikat |date=2021 |type= Religion / Islam / General |publisher=Pustaka al-Kautsar |pages=29–33, 172 |isbn=9789795929512 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDxQEAAAQBAJ |access-date=6 February 2022 |language=id |quote=Quoting Ibnul Mubarak from a book of ''az-Zuhd''; ad Durr al-Manshur, chain narration from Ibnul Mubarak to Ibn SHihab (1/92)}}</ref> According to a Hadith narrated by Suyuti, the third sky angels were said to rode horses.{{#tag:ref|The mystical horses rode by angels were mentioned in the Hadith of Muhammad were mentioned the name of one of the angel horses.<ref name="Suyuti" />|group="Notes"}} Meanwhile, Mahdi Rizqullah has compiled the commentary from classical Islamic scholars, that the verse narration about the angels attendance in the battle were also supported by hadiths from hadith collection from [[Muslim ibn Hajjaj]], [[Ahmad ibn Hanbal]], and the also from Quranic historiography work by [[Ibn Kathir]].<ref name="Biografi Rasulullah Sebuah Studi Analitis Berdasarkan Sumber-sumber yang Otentik |trans-title=Biography of the Prophet An Analytical Study Based on Authentic Sources">{{cite book |author1=Mahdi Rizqullah Ahmad |author2=Anis Maftukhin |author3=Yessi HM. Basyaruddin |editor1-last=Maftukhin |editor1-first=Anis |title=Biografi Rasulullah Sebuah Studi Analitis Berdasarkan Sumber-sumber yang Otentik |trans-title=Biography of the Prophet An Analytical Study Based on Authentic Sources |date=2017|type=Biography & Autobiography / Religious, Religion / Islam / General, Muhammad, Prophet, d. 632 -- Biography |publisher=Qisthi Press |isbn= 9789793715568 |pages=441–443 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YwOwDgAAQBAJ |access-date=9 March 2022 |language=id |format=ebook}}</ref> [[Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani]] gave commentary of another supportive narration from [[al-Baihaqi]] and [[Ibn Ishaq]], through various hadith narration chains about the testimony from several different [[sahabah]].<ref name="Biografi Rasulullah Sebuah Studi Analitis Berdasarkan Sumber-sumber yang Otentik |trans-title=Biography of the Prophet An Analytical Study Based on Authentic Sources" /> This included the narration of [[Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] who at that time fought on the side of Qurayshite polytheist, who testified that he has been taken captive on the aftermath of the battle by a horse rider whom he did not recognize at all from Muslims rank. According to the hadith authority from Ahmad ibn Hanbal, The captor of Abbas were confirmed by Muhammad as one of the angel who helped the Muslims during this battle.<ref name="Biografi Rasulullah Sebuah Studi Analitis Berdasarkan Sumber-sumber yang Otentik |trans-title=Biography of the Prophet An Analytical Study Based on Authentic Sources" />{{#tag:ref|Biography of the Prophet An Analytical Study Based on Authentic Sources by Mahdi Rizqullah which published in Indonesian language were praised by Jonathan E. Brockopp from [[Cambridge University Press]] for providing more details of [[Prophetic biography]] narration which does not offered by [[Mohammed Hussein Heikal]] biography works.<ref name="The Cambridge Companion to Muhammad">{{cite book |author1=Jonathan E. Brockopp |title=The Cambridge Companion to Muhammad |date=2010|type=History / Middle East / General, Religion / Islam / General, Social Science / Islamic Studies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781139828383 |page=257 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o58K2t344YQC |access-date=9 March 2022 |language=en |format=ebook}}</ref>|group="Notes"}}
*'''125''' The angels that came to aid the Muslims in Badr has been strengthened by another five thousands of their kinds who wearing distinctive marks on their bodies, and on their horses which they rode which will be recognized by the Muslims in the battlefield.<ref name="Tafsirweb Religious affair ministry Ali Imran 125" /> The distinctive marks which are reported by some reports are said to be a white scarves, while another opinions says they are red or yellow.<ref name="Tafsirweb Religious affair ministry Ali Imran 125">{{cite web |author1=Omar Al-Muqbil |author2=professor Shalih bin Abdullah bin Humaid from Riyadh Tafsir center |author3=Imad Zuhair Hafidz from Markaz Ta'dhim Qur'an Medina |author1-link=Omar Al-Muqbil |title=Surat Ali-Imran ayat 125 |date=2016 |url=https://tafsirweb.com/1257-surat-ali-imran-ayat-125.html |website=Tafsirweb |publisher=[[Islamic University of Madinah]]; [[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)]]; [[Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance]] |access-date=30 January 2022 |language=Indonesian, Arabic}}</ref> more ️clearer source has stated that the angels has taken form of [[Zubayr ibn al-Awwam]], [[companion of Muhammad]].{{#tag:ref|According to one Hadith, Muhammad were told that the angels that appeared in the battle of Badr were highest in status and the "best of angels" according to Gabriel.<ref name="Lives Of The Sahaba 39 – Az-Zubayr Ibn Al-Awwam – PT 01">{{cite web |last1=Qadhi |first1=Yasir|author-link1=Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi |title=Lives Of The Sahaba 39 – Az-Zubayr Ibn Al-Awwam – PT 01 |url=https://muslimcentral.com/yasir-qadhi-lives-sahaba-az-zubayr-ibn-al-awwam/ |website=Muslim Central Audio |publisher=Muslim Central Audio |access-date=4 December 2021 |date=2016}}</ref>|group="Notes"}}<ref name="Tarikh Dimashq 2">{{harvtxt|Bin Al-Hassan|Al-Dimashqi |first2=Ibn Asaker|2012|p=622, Al-Zubayr told us, he said: And Abu Al-Makarram Uqbah bin Makram Al-Dhabi told me, Musab bin Salam Al-Tamimi told me, on the authority of Saad bin Tarif, on the authority of Abu Jaafar Muhammad bin Ali, he said: On the day of Badr, Al-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam had a yellow turban}}</ref> Zubayr were said usually wore yellow turban most of the time, as prophet Muhammad spoke in hadith the army of angels dressing in yellow headgear and the clothing similar to Zubayr's attire.{{#tag:ref|[[Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri]] recorded in his [[Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn]] in a narration which deemed authentic by Bawazier in his ''Marwiyyat Ghazwatul Badr''{{sfn|Rizqullah|2005|p=410}} [[Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani]] authorized it as authentic through ''Kitāb aṭ-Tabaqāt al-Kabīr'' written by [[Ibn Sa'd]]{{sfn|Abasoomar|Abasoomar|2016 }}|group="Notes"}}{{sfn|Abasoomar|Abasoomar|2016 }}{{#tag:ref|According to one narration, during the battle, Muhammad has found an angel whom he though as Zubayr standing next to him, which then prompted Muhammad to command him to attack, which the angel, in Zubayr appearance, simply replied, "I am not Zubayr." Thus, according to Hadith expert this another indication that the angels truly came down with the appearance of Zubayr during Badr.<ref name="Kisah Teladan 20 Shahabat Nabi untuk Anak">{{cite book |last1=Ahmad Ath-Thahir |first1=Hamid |type=Doctor |title=Kisah Teladan 20 Shahabat Nabi untuk Anak |date=2017 |publisher=Hikam Pustaka |isbn=9786236843703 |page=103 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-61VEAAAQBAJ |access-date=29 December 2021 |language=id}}</ref> According to commentary from the interpretation expert by comparing the hadiths, this are deemed as Zubayr special virtue and honor according to Islamic belief.{{sfn|Rizqullah|2005|p=410}}|group="Notes"}} 
*'''126''' According to various Qur'anic Tafsir scholars, particularly those who endorsed by [[Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance|Religious ministry of Saudi Arabia]] and [[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Indonesia]], this verse affirms that the victory of Muslims in Badr were solely due to the help from God who sent His angels as sign good news and fulfilment of the promise to give them victory in battle.<ref name="Tafsirweb Religious affair ministry">{{cite web |author1=Omar Al-Muqbil |author2=professor Shalih bin Abdullah bin Humaid from Riyadh Tafsir center |author3=Imad Zuhair Hafidz from Markaz Ta'dhim Qur'an Medina |author1-link=Omar Al-Muqbil |title=Surat Ali-Imran ayat 126 |date=2016 |url=https://tafsirweb.com/1258-surat-ali-imran-ayat-126.html |website=Tafsirweb |publisher=[[Islamic University of Madinah]]; [[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)]]; [[Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance]] |access-date=30 January 2022 |language=Indonesian, Arabic}}</ref> 
*'''128-129''' Disheartened Muslims encouraged 
*'''130-136''' [[Usury in Islam|Usury]] forbidden 
*'''137-138''' The doom of defamers of the  [[apostles in Islam|apostles]]
*'''139-144''' Islam not dependent on Muhammad for success 
*'''145-148''' The former prophets are examples of perseverance 
*'''149-151''' Unbelievers to be avoided 
*'''152-153''' Certain Muslims disobedient at Uhud 
*'''154''' This verse narrates the feel drowsiness and comfort which covers the Muslims before the battle.<ref name="Tafsirweb Religious affair ministry Ali imran 154" /> this event were agreed by both  [[Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di]] and group of contemporary scholars from Saudi Arabia, both from [[Islamic University of Madinah]] and committee of [[Masjid al-Haram]] this verse were revealed just before the [[battle of Uhud]], based from Hadith narrated by [[Zubayr ibn al-Awwam]].{{#tag:ref|Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, personal bodyguard of Muhammad and participant of battle of Uhud, testified that just before the battle, he experienced a heavy drowsiness which also felt by entire Muslims. This Hadith strengthened by another Hadith from [[Abu Talha al-Ansari|Abu Talha]] which recorded in [[sahih al-Bukhari]].<ref name="Tafsirweb Religious affair ministry Ali imran 154">{{cite web |author1=Omar Al-Muqbil |author2=professor Shalih bin Abdullah bin Humaid from Riyadh Tafsir center |author1-link=Omar Al-Muqbil |author3=Imad Zuhair Hafidz from Markaz Ta'dhim Qur'an Medina |author4=Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di|author4-link=Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di|title=Ali imran 154 |date=2016 |url=https://tafsirweb.com/1286-surat-ali-imran-ayat-154.html |website=Tafsirweb |publisher=[[Islamic University of Madinah]]; [[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)]]; [[Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance]] |access-date=30 January 2022 |language=Indonesian, Arabic}}</ref>|group="Notes"}} 
*'''155-157''' The hypocrites rebuked 
*'''158-159''' Muslims slain at Uhud to enter paradise 
*'''160-161''' Mild treatment of vacillating Muslims 
*'''162-165''' The spoils of war to be honestly divided 
*'''166-169''' The faithful sifted by defeat at Uhud 
*'''172'''  Regarding [[Battle of Hamra al-Asad]] participation of [[Zubayr ibn al-Awwam]] and [[Abu Bakr|Abu Bakar]], as exegesis scholars believed that "those who responded to the call of Allah and His Messenger after their injury" depicted in Ali Imran, {{qref|3|172|pl=y}} were intended to be az-Zubayr and Abu Bakar, two of Sahaba who lead the vanguard of this battle, after they receiving injuries from the battle of Uhud.<ref name="Rizqullah1">{{harvtxt|Rizqullah Ahmad|Maftukhin|Basyaruddin|2017|p=526, Bukhari and Muslim reported this narration which ended on [[Aisha]] as authentic.}}</ref>{{sfn|al-'Asqalani|1500|p=2, {{Href|bukhari|5224|b=y}}}}
*'''173-176''' Certain Muslims commended for faithfulness 
*'''177-180''' The fate of unbelievers 
*'''181''' The miser's doom 
*'''182-190''' Scoffing Jews denounced—they charge Muhammad with imposture 
*'''191-195''' Meditations and [[Salah|prayers]] of the pious 
*'''196-198''' God's answer to the prayers of the pious 
*'''199''' Certain believing Jews and Christians commended 
*'''200''' Exhortation to patience and perseverance <ref>{{cite book |last1=Wherry |first1=Elwood Morris |author1-link=Elwood Morris Wherry |title=A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes |date=1896 |publisher=Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co |location=London}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

==3:33  The family of Imran==
The chapter takes its name from the family of Imran mentioned in verse {{qref|3|33|pl=y}}.<ref>{{cite book|author=M.A.S. Abdel Haleem|title=The Qur'an|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/book/islam-9780192831934/islam-9780192831934-chapter-3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824214212/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/book/islam-9780192831934/islam-9780192831934-chapter-3|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 24, 2018|date=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-157407-8|pages=34|via=Oxford Islamic Studies Online}}</ref>

According to [[Christian tradition]], [[Joachim]] is the husband of [[Saint Anne]] and the father of [[Mary, mother of Jesus]]. As there is sparse evidence for Joachim being the name for the father of Mary, the Quranic account possibly alludes to the pun of [[Miriam]], the daughter of [[Amram]] and sister of [[Aaron]], for whom Muslim tradition believes Mary is named after. It also serves as a common focal point for Jewish and Christian audiences.

According to Iraqi Jewish translator, [[N.J. Dawood]], the Quran confuses [[Mary mother of Jesus]] with [[Miriam|Mary the sister of Moses]], by referring to Mary, the mother of Jesus' father as Imran, which is the [[Amram#Arabic|Arabic version of Amram]], who in [[Va'eira#Second reading — Exodus 6:14–28|Exodus 6:20]], is shown to be the father of Moses.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Koran|last=Dawood|first=N J|date=1956|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=9780141393841|location=London|pages=53}}</ref> Dawood, in a note to Surah 19:28, where Mary the Mother of Jesus is referred to as the "Sister of Aaron", and [[Aaron]] was the brother of Mary sister of Moses, states: "It Appears that Miriam, Aaron's sister, and Maryam (Mary), mother of Jesus, were according to the Quran, the same person."<ref>{{cite book|title=The Koran|last=Dawood|first=N J|date=1956|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=9780141393841|location=London|pages=306}}</ref>  Although [[Islamic studies]] of the beginning of the 20th century tended to note genealogical discrepancies, in more recent Islamic Studies of the 21st century the general consensus is, according to [[Angelika Neuwirth]], Nicolai Sinai and Michael Marx, that the [[Quran]] does not make a genealogical error but instead makes use of [[Typology (theology)|typology]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Michael Marx: Glimpses of a Mariology in the Qur'an; in: A. Neuwirth, Nicolai Sinai, Michael Marx (Hrsg.): The Qur'ān in Context. Historical and Literary Investigations into the Qur'ānic Milieu. Leiden 2011. pp. 533–563.|pages=533–563}}</ref> This is, following Wensinck's conclusion, supported by the figurative speech of the Quran and the Islamic tradition:

{{blockquote|Maryam is called a sister of Hārūn, and the use of these three names ‘Imrān, Hārūn, and Maryam has led to the supposition that the Qur'ān does not clearly distinguish between the two Maryams, of the Old and the New Testaments. ... It is not necessary to assume that these kinship links are to be interpreted in modern terms. The words "sister" and "daughter", like their male counterparts, in Arabic usage, can indicate extended kinship, descendance or spiritual affinity. ... Muslim tradition is clear that there are eighteen centuries between the Biblical ‘Amram and the father of Maryam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Arent Jan Wensinck: Maryam. In: A. J. Wensinck, J. H. Kramers (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch des Islam. pp. 421–423.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=J. Wensinck (Penelope Johnstone), "Maryam" in C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W. P. Heinrichs & Ch. Pellat (Eds.), The Encyclopaedia Of Islam (New Edition), 1991, Volume VI, p. 630.}}</ref>}}

Similarly, Stowasser concludes that "to confuse Mary the mother of Jesus with Mary the sister of Moses and Aaron in Torah is completely wrong and in contradiction to the sound Hadith and the Qur'anic text as we have established".<ref>{{Cite book|title=Women In The Qur'an, Traditions, And Interpretation|last=Stowasser|first=B. F.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1994|location=New York|pages=393–394}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Mary The Blessed Virgin Of Islam, op. cit.|last=Schleifer|first=Aliah|year=1998|page=36}}</ref> Rather it serves as a pun for the name [[Miriam]], daughter of [[Amram]] and the sister of [[Aaron]], venerated for helping to save her brother [[Moses]] as an infant. According to Muslim tradition, she serves as the forebearer of that name for [[Mary in Islam|Mary]], mother of Jesus.

This matter has been explained in the following [[Hadith]]:

{{Blockquote|Mughira ibn Shu’ba reported: When I came to Najran, they (the Christians of Najran) asked me: You read" O sister of Harun" (i. e. Hadrat Maryam) in the Qur'an, whereas Moses was born much before Jesus. When I came back to Allah's Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, I asked him about that, whereupon he said: The (people of the old age) used to give names (to their persons) after the names of Apostles and pious persons who had gone before them.|{{Href|muslim|2135|b=yl}}}}

[[Ibn Kathir]] (d.1373) also commented on this in his  Quranic exegesis (''[[tafsir]]''), recalling the Arab tradition of addressing a person as the brother or sister of their notable ancestor:

{{Blockquote|"This is similar to the saying, `O brother of Tamim,' to one who is from the Tamimi tribe, and `O brother of Mudar,' to one who is from the Mudari tribe."|{{Qtaf|en:ibk|19|28}}}}

== Appendix ==
=== Notes ===
{{Reflist|group="Notes"}}

=== References ===
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite web|last1=al-'Asqalani|first1=Ibn Hajar|author-link1=Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani|title=Explanation of Fath al-Bari|date=1500|publisher=Islamweb|url=https://www.islamweb.org/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&ID=2514&idfrom=3855&idto=3855&flag=0&bk_no=0&ayano=0&surano=0&bookhad=0|access-date=7 November 2021}}
* {{cite book |last1=Bin Al-Hassan |first1=Abi Al-Qasim Ali |last2=Al-Dimashqi |first2=Ibn Asaker|author-link2=Ibn Asakir |title=تاريخ مدينة دمشق 1-37 ج10 |trans-title=History of the city of Damascus |date=2012 |publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية }}
* {{cite book |last1=Rizqullah Ahmad |first1=Mahdi |last2=Maftukhin |first2=Anis |last3=Basyaruddin |first3=Yessi H. M. |title=Biografi Rasulullah Sebuah Studi Analitis Berdasarkan Sumber-sumber yang Otentik |date=2017 |publisher=Qisthi Press |isbn=9789793715568 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YwOwDgAAQBAJ |access-date=17 November 2021 }}
* {{cite web |last1=Abasoomar |first1=Moulana Muhammad |last2=Abasoomar |first2=Moulana Haroon |title=Virtue of Sayyiduna Zubayr (radiyallahu 'anhu) |url=https://hadithanswers.com/virtue-of-sayyiduna-zubayr-radiyallahu-anhu/ |date=2016 |website=Hadith Answers |publisher=Darul Hadith |access-date=9 November 2021 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Rizqullah |first1=Ahmad Mahdi |title=A Biography of the Prophet of Islam In the Light of the Original Sources, an Analytical Study · Volume 1 |date=2005 |publisher=[[Darussalam Publishers]] |page=410 |isbn=9789960969022 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G7YA55Ih59oC |access-date=9 November 2021 }}

==External links==
*[https://www.islamawakened.com/quran/3/55/ Q3:55], 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
* [http://al-quran.info/#3:1 Al-Quran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129090725/http://al-quran.info/#3:1 |date=2009-01-29 }} – ''Āl ʿImrān'' (The Family of Imran)
* [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/6808/ A fragment showing verses 85-88 from the World Digital Library]
*[https://quran.com/3 Quran 3] [[Clear Quran translation]]

{{Sura|3|[[Al-Baqara]]|[[An-Nisa]]}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Chapters in the Quran]]
[[Category:Joachim]]
[[Category:Jesus in Islam]]
[[Category:Medinan surah]]
[[Category:Muqattaʿat suras|Imran]]