View source for Al-Fath

{{short description|48th chapter of the Qur'an}}
{{other uses|Fath (disambiguation){{!}}Fath}}
{{Religious text primary|date=March 2015}}
{{infobox surah
| number         = 48
| number-3       = 048
| name           = Al-Fatḥ
| name-ar        = الْفَتْح
| name-en        = The Victory
| prev_sura      = Quran 47
| next_sura      = Quran 49
| classification = Medinan
| othernames-ar  = <!-- alternate Arabic names -->
| othernames     = <!-- only if applicable -->
| juz            = 26
| rukus          = 4
| verses         = 29
| words          = 560
| letters        = 2,510
| muqattaat      = <!-- only if applicable -->
| sajdahs        = <!-- only if applicable -->
| audio          = Chapter 48, Al-Fath (Mujawwad) - Recitation of the Holy Qur'an.mp3
}}
{{Quran}}
'''Al-Fath''' ({{langx|ar| الفتح}}, {{Transliteration|ar|al-fatḥ}}; {{small|meaning:}} "The Victory") is the 48th chapter ([[surah]]) of the [[Qur'an]] with 29 verses ([[ayat]]). The surah was revealed in [[Medina]] in the sixth year of the [[Hijrah]], on the occasion of the [[Treaty of Hudaybiya]] between the Muslim city-state of Madinah and Makkan polytheists. It mentions this victory, then criticizes the attitudes of the hypocrites, continues with further promises to the Muslims, and ends by mentioning certain important virtues of the Muslim community.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ünal, Ali.|title=[[The Qur'an with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English]]|date=2008|publisher=Tughra Books|isbn=978-1-59784-144-3|location=Somerset, N.J.|pages=1038|oclc=234244740}}</ref>

The chapter gets its name from the opening verse, which states "Indeed, We have granted you a clear triumph..." in direct reference to the Treaty which was signed through cooperation between the opposing forces and without bloodshed. The reason this treaty, and therefore chapter, is called a "clear triumph" is largely believed to be because of its peaceful nature.

==Summary==
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 220
| image2 = Makkah mentioned in Quranic manuscript Codex Arabe 331dated to 652-765 CE with 95.4% probability.png
| caption2 = Mecca mentioned in Quranic manuscript Codex Arabe 331 (Q48:24)
}}
*'''1-3''' The [[Battle of Khaybar|victory (at Ḳhaibar)]]
*'''4-7''' The mighty God the comforter of true believers, but the punisher of [[hypocrites in Islam|hypocrites]]
*'''8-10''' Loyalty to Muhammad is loyalty to God
*'''11-14''' Bedouin Arabs denounced for their treachery at [[Hudaibiyah]] and their subsequent hypocrisy
*'''15-16''' The Bedouin Arabs refused a share of the booty taken at Ḳhaibar, but encouraged with promises
*'''17''' Those alone excused from going to war who are incapacitated
*'''18-19''' Muslim fidelity at Hudaibiyah rewarded by the victory at Ḳhaibar and much spoil taken there
*'''20-24''' Many spoils assured to the believers though God had prevented the plunder of Makkah
*'''25-26'''  God spared Makkah in the [[expedition to Hudaibiyah]] out of [[compassion in Islam|compassion]]
*'''27-29''' The conquest of Makkah the [[Shahada|divine attestation to Muhammad’s apostleship]] and the religion of Islam <ref>{{cite book |last1=Wherry |first1=Elwood Morris |author1-link=Elwood Morris Wherry |title=A Complete Index to [[Sale's Text]], Preliminary Discourse, and Notes |date=1896 |publisher=Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co |location=London}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

==Details==
===10 The Soul===
{{qref|48|10|pl=y}} focuses on the importance of being dedicated to God. Those who do not dedicate themselves to God and remain that way will have their souls suffer. Those who stay dedicated to God will be rewarded by God.<ref name=WDL1>{{cite web|title=Qur'anic Verses|date=800|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2434/|publisher=World Digital Library|access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref>

===16  Predictions===
{{qref|48|16|pl=y}} contains many predictions in this surah, such as:<ref name="false">{{cite web|title=Noorullah Website - Exposing Fallacies<!-- Bot generated title --> |author=Hesham Azmy <!-- BOT GENERATED AUTHOR --> |url=http://www.geocities.com/noorullahwebsite/shamoun-false.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024105138/http://geocities.com/noorullahwebsite/shamoun-false.html |archive-date=2009-10-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ünal, Ali.|title=The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English|date=2008|publisher=Tughra Books|isbn=978-1-59784-144-3|location=Somerset, N.J.|pages=1045|oclc=234244740}}</ref>

* God would help the believers and favor them with great victories;
* those who stayed behind from the Campaign of Minor Pilgrimage would try to excuse themselves with false pretexts;
* they would desire to participate in the campaign against [[Khaybar]] that was to take place following the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with the aim of taking gains of war;
* the Muslims would have to fight against powerful tribes or states in the future;
* the Muslims would take abundant war-gains in battles to come in the future;
* Muhammad and his Companions would visit the Ka'bah in safety, thus completing the Minor Pilgrimage the year after they had intended;
* God would complete His favor upon the Messenger;
* Islam would continue to flourish so powerfully and speedily that it would amaze both Muslims and others.

===18-19 Treaty of Hudaybiyyah===
{{qref|48|18-19|pl=y}} is regarding the [[Treaty of Hudaybiyyah]].<ref name="false"/>
[[File:Khalili Collection Hajj and Arts of Pilgrimage txt 0039b.jpg|thumb|Quotation from verse 27 on a textile panel of the [[Sitara (textile)|sitara]] for the door of the [[Kaaba]], 19th century]]

===27 The first pilgrimage===
{{qref|48|27|pl=y}} is regarding [[The first pilgrimage]].<ref name="false"/>

==Al-Fath in the [[hadith]]==
* Upon its revelation, Muhammad remarked, 'Tonight there has been revealed to me a Surah which is dearer to me than that on which the sun shines (i.e. the world).' <ref>{{Href|bukhari|5012|b=yl}}</ref>
[[File:Folio from a Koran (8th-9th century).jpg|thumb|right|350px|Folio from a [[Quran]] in [[Kufic script]], [[Abbasid dynasty]], [[Near East]] or [[North Africa]]. Ink and color on parchment, 23.9 × 33.3 cm. Part of Al-Fath [[Sura]].]]
* When consulted to broker peace during a later war, [[Sahl ibn Hunaif]] said, 'Blame yourselves! I remember how, on the day of [[Treaty of Hudaybiyyah|Al-Hudaibiya]], if we had been allowed to choose fighting, we would have fought (the pagans). At that time 'Umar came (to the Prophet) and said, "Aren't we on the right (path) and they (pagans) in the wrong? Won't our killed persons go to [[Paradise]], and theirs in the Fire?" The Prophet replied, "Yes." Umar further said, "Then why should we let our [[religion]] be degraded and return before [[Allah]] has settled the matter between us?" The Prophet said, "O the son of Al-Khattab! No doubt, I am Allah's Apostle and Allah will never neglect me." So Umar left the place angrily and he was so impatient that he went to Abu Bakr and said, "O Abu Bakr! Aren't we on the right (path) and they (pagans) on the wrong?" [[Abu Bakr]] said, "O the son of Al-Khattab! He is Allah's Apostle, and Allah will never neglect him." Then Sura Al-Fath (The Victory) was revealed."<ref>{{Href|bukhari|4844|b=yl}}</ref>
* Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal: I saw Allah's Apostle on the day of the Conquest of Mecca over his she-camel, reciting Surat-al-Fath in a vibrant quivering tone.<ref>{{Href|bukhari|4281|b=yl}}</ref>

==References==
<References/>

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[https://www.islamawakened.com/quran/48/2/ Q48:2], 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
*{{wikisource-inline|The Holy Qur'an (Maulana Muhammad Ali)/48. The Victory}}

{{Sura|48|[[Muhammad (sura)|Muhammad]]|[[Al-Hujraat]]}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Chapters in the Quran|Fath]]
[[Category:Jihad]]
[[Category:Hajj]]