View source for Adda (river)

{{Short description|Tributary of the Po in Italy}}
{{Redirect|Addua|the moth genus formerly known as Addua|Dysschema}}
{{Redirect|Adda River}}
{{Infobox river
| name                = Adda
| image               = Adda7.JPG
| image_caption       = The Adda in [[Imbersago]]
| image_alt           = The Adda in Imbersago
| source1             = [[Val Alpisella]]<ref name="OpenStreetMap">{{cite web |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/note/1882593 |title=Cartello sorgente dell'adda 2122 m |language=it |accessdate=2023-10-27}}</ref>
| source1_location    = east of [[Livigno]], [[Italy]]
| source1_coordinates = {{coord|46|32|50.64|N|10|14|21.12|E|region:IT_type:river|display=inline}}
| source1_elevation   = {{convert|2122|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| mouth               = [[Po (river)|Po]]
| mouth_location      = near [[Castelnuovo Bocca d'Adda]]<ref name="Treccani">{{cite encyclopedia |language=it |encyclopedia=Enciclopedia Italiana |title=Adda |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/adda |accessdate=2023-10-27}}</ref>
| mouth_coordinates   = {{coord|45|06|38|N|9|53|12|E|region:IT-CR_type:river_source:dewiki|display=title,inline}}
| progression         = {{RPo}}
| subdivision_type1   = Countries
| subdivision_name1   = [[Italy]], [[Switzerland]]
| length              = {{convert|313|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_avg      = {{convert|187|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| basin_size          = {{convert|7979|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}
| map                 = Adda, rivière.png
| map_size            =
| map_alt             = Location of the Adda River
| map_caption         = Location of the Adda
| tributaries_left    = [[Brembo (river)|Brembo]], [[Serio (river)|Serio]]
| tributaries_right   = [[Mallero]], [[Mera (Lake Como)|Mera]]
}}

The '''Adda''' (Latin: ''Abdua'', or ''Addua''; Lombard: ''Ada'', or ''Adda'') is a river in North [[Italy]], a tributary of the [[Po River|Po]]. It rises in the [[Alps]] near the border with [[Switzerland]] and flows through [[Lake Como]].  The Adda joins the Po near [[Castelnuovo Bocca d'Adda]], a few kilometers upstream of [[Cremona]].<ref name="Treccani"/> The river's length is {{convert|313|km|mi}}. The highest point of the [[drainage basin]] is the summit of [[La Spedla]] (a subpeak of [[Piz Bernina]]), at {{convert|4020|m|ft}}.

Towns along the river include [[Bormio]], [[Tirano]], [[Sondrio]], [[Bellagio, Lombardy|Bellagio]] and [[Lecco]] (both on Lake Como), [[Brivio]] and [[Lodi, Lombardy|Lodi]]. The [[Poschiavino]], a tributary, originates in [[Switzerland]] and flows through the town of [[Poschiavo]].

==Course ==
The Adda's source is in the Alpisella valley near the head of the Fraele glen, within the [[Rhaetian Alps]].<ref name="OpenStreetMap"/>  Its flow is augmented by several smaller streams near [[Bormio]].  From there, it flows southwest, then west, through the [[Valtellina]], passing [[Tirano]], where the [[Poschiavino]] joins from the right, and [[Sondrio]], where the [[Mallero]] joins, also from the right. This section of the Adda's course is unusual in Northern Italy, as it flows from east to west.  The river flows into the northern end of Lake [[Como]], contributing significantly to the lake's volume.  Exiting the lake's southeastern (Lecco) arm, it crosses the Lombardy Plain.  It receives water from the [[Brembo River|Brembo]] and [[Serio River|Serio]] from the left, and ultimately joins the [[Po River|Po]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Adda|volume=1|last= Coolidge |first= William Augustus Brevoort |author-link= W. A. B. Coolidge|page=183}}</ref>

The [[Trezzo sull'Adda Bridge]], constructed in 1377, had a single arch of {{convert|72|m|ft}}, the longest bridge arch built before the introduction of metal in bridge construction.<ref name="Whitney1929">{{cite book |last=Whitney |first=Charles S. |title=Bridges of the World: Their Design and Construction |publisher=Courier Dover Publications |year=2003 |orig-year=1929 |isbn=9780486429953 |page=137}}</ref>

The lower course of the Adda historically marked the border between the [[Republic of Venice]] and the [[Duchy of Milan]], as established by the [[Treaty of Lodi]] in 1454.  Several significant battles have been fought along its banks, including the [[Battle of Lodi]] in 1796, where [[Napoleon]] defeated Austrian forces.<ref name="EB1911"/>  The bridgehead at [[Cassano d'Adda]] and its surrounding area have also been the site of multiple battles, including one in 1705 involving [[Prince Eugene of Savoy]] and the French, and another in 1799 where [[Alexander Suvorov]] led his forces across the river.<ref name="EB1911"/>

==Tributaries==
The Adda has the following [[tributary|tributaries]] (R on the right bank, L on the left, from source to mouth):
{{div col |colwidth=16em}}
*   [[Frodolfo]] (L)
*   [[Bormina (river)|Bormina]] (R)
*   [[Roasco]] (R)
*   [[Rezzalasco]] (L)
*   [[Lenasco]] (L)
*   [[Poschiavino]] (R)
*   [[Mallero]] (R)
*   [[Masino (river)|Masino]] (R)
*   [[Bitto (river)|Bitto]] (L)
*   [[Tartano (river)|Tartano]] (L)
*   [[Mera (Lake Como)|Mera]] (Lake Como, R)
* [[Livo (river)|Livo]] (Lake Como, R)
*   [[Liro (Como)|Liro]] (Lake Como, R)
*   [[Albano (river)|Albano]] (Lake Como, R)
*   [[Pioverna]] (Lake Como, L)
*   [[Breggia (river)|Breggia]] (Lake Como, R)
*   [[Cosia]] (Lake Como, R)
*   [[Fiumelatte (river)|Fiumelatte]] (Lake Como, L)
*   [[Brembo (river)|Brembo]] (L)
*   [[Serio (river)|Serio]] (L)
{{Div col end}}

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Leonardo traghetto.jpg|Ferry, attributed to [[Leonardo da Vinci]]
File:Brivio.Adda.river2.jpg|The Adda river in Brivio
File:Ponte sul Adda Paderno.jpg|[[San Michele Bridge]] across the Adda at [[Paderno d'Adda|Paderno]]
File:0134 Map of Lake Como and the river Adda.jpg|17th century map of the Adda, from Lake Como to Trezzo
</gallery>

==See also==
*   [[Val Pola landslide]]
*   [[Battle of the Adda River]] (490 CE)

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{Lago di Como}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Adda basin]]
[[Category:Rivers of Italy]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Alps]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Bergamo]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Como]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Cremona]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Lecco]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Lodi]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Metropolitan City of Milan]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Sondrio]]