View source for Abdul Ghafar Baba

{{short description|Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia (1986–1993)}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Expand Malay|topic=bio|Abdul Ghafar bin Baba|fa=yes|date=June 2010}}
{{Malay name|Abdul Ghafar|Baba|note=on}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[Malay styles and titles#Honorary styles|Yang Amat Berbahagia]] [[Malay styles and titles#Tun|Tun]]
| name                = Abdul Ghafar Baba
| native_name         = {{lang|ms|{{Script|Arab|عبدالغفار باب}}}}
| honorific-suffix    = {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100|SSM|SUMW|PPM}}
| image               = Ghafar Baba.jpg
| order               = 6th
| monarch             = [[Iskandar of Johor|Iskandar]] <br> [[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]]
| primeminister       = [[Mahathir Mohamad]]
| term_start          = 10 May 1986
| term_end            = 15 October 1993
| predecessor         = [[Musa Hitam]]
| successor           = [[Anwar Ibrahim]]
| constituency        = [[Jasin (federal constituency)|Jasin]]
| office1             = [[Minister of Rural Development (Malaysia)|Minister of Rural Development]] <br /> {{small|(Minister of National and Rural Development: 23 September 1970 – 11 May 1972, 11 August 1986 – 20 May 1987)}} <br /> {{small|(Minister of Rural Economy Development: 11 May 1972 – 25 August 1974)}}
| primeminister1      = [[Mahathir Mohamad]]
| term_start1         = 11 August 1986
| term_end1           = 1 December 1993
| monarch1            = [[Iskandar of Johor|Iskandar]] <br> [[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]]
| deputy1             = [[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali]] (1986–1990) <br> Ng Cheng Kuai (1986–1987) <br> Mohd. Yasin Kamari (1990–1993)
| predecessor1        = [[Sanusi Junid]]
| successor1          = [[Annuar Musa]]
| constituency1       = [[Jasin (federal constituency)|Jasin]]
| primeminister2      = [[Abdul Razak Hussein]]
| term_start2         = 22 December 1970
| term_end2           = 4 September 1974
| monarch2            = [[Abdul Halim of Kedah|Abdul Halim]]
| 1blankname2         = Assistant Minister
| 1namedata2          = [[Abdul Samad Idris]] (1970–1973)
| predecessor2        = [[Abdul Razak Hussein]]
| successor2          = ''Himself'' {{small|as Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development}}
| constituency2       = [[Malacca Utara (federal constituency)|Malacca Utara]]
| office3             = [[Minister of Agriculture and Food Industries (Malaysia)|Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development]]
| primeminister3      = [[Abdul Razak Hussein]]
| term_start3         = 5 September 1974
| term_end3           = 14 January 1976
| monarch3            = [[Abdul Halim of Kedah|Abdul Halim]] <br> [[Yahya Petra of Kelantan|Yahya Petra]]
| deputy3             = Mokhtar Hashim (1974–1975) <br> Mustapha Abdul Jabar (1975–1976)
| predecessor3        = ''Himself'' {{small|(Rural Development)}} <br /> Mohamed Ghazali Jawi {{small|(Agriculture)}}
| successor3          = Ali Ahmad
| constituency3       = [[Alor Gajah (federal constituency)|Alor Gajah]]
| birth_name          = 
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1925|2|18|df=yes}}
| birth_place         = [[Kuala Pilah]], [[Negeri Sembilan]], [[Federated Malay States]], [[British Malaya]] (now Malaysia)
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2006|4|23|1925|2|18|df=yes}}
| death_place         = [[Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur|Gleneagles Intan Medical Centre]], [[Kuala Lumpur]], Malaysia
| resting_place       = [[Makam Pahlawan]], [[National Mosque of Malaysia|Masjid Negara]], Kuala Lumpur
| party               = {{flagicon image|UMNO (Malaysia).svg}} [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO)
| otherparty          = {{flagicon image|Parti Perikatan logo.svg}} [[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance Party]] <br> [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN)
| spouse              = Asmah Alang <br /> Dayang Heryati Abdul Rahim
| relations           = [[Abdul Aziz Jaafar]] <br> (son-in-law) <br> [[Ahmad Hamzah]] (son-in-law) <br> [[Zahid Arip]] (grandson)
| children            = {{hlist|[[:ms:Tamrin Abdul Ghafar|Tamrin]]}}
| occupation          = [[Teacher]]
| office              = Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia
| office5             = Chief Minister of Malacca
| order5              = 2nd
| predecessor5        = Osman Talib
| successor5          = Talib Karim
| termend5            = 5 October 1967
| termstart5          = 1 June 1959
| governor5           = [[Leong Yew Koh]] <br /> [[Abdul Malek Yusuf]]
| constituency5       = Tanjong Kling
}}

'''Abdul Ghafar bin Baba''' ({{langx|ms-Arab|عبدالغفار بن باب|label=[[Jawi alphabet|Jawi]]}}; 18 February 1925 – 23 April 2006) was a [[Malaysians|Malaysian]] politician who served as 6th [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia]] from 1986 to 1993.

==Life and career==
He was born on 18 February 1925 in [[Kuala Pilah]], [[Negeri Sembilan]], the son of impoverished villagers from Malacca state who emigrated as pastoral nomads, namely Baba Abdullah from [[Sungai Udang]] and his wife, Saodah Salleh from [[Bemban]]. Ghafar Baba became a teacher and later became a member of the [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO) [[political party]], which is part of the [[Barisan Nasional]] coalition.

In 1943, he married Toh Puan Asmah Binti Alang (1927–2004) and they had twelve children, three of whom he outlived. In the early 1990s, he polygamously married his second wife, Toh Puan Heryati Abdul Rahim, with whom he had one child, and divorced in 2003.

In 1986, he was appointed Deputy Prime Minister by Prime Minister [[Mahathir Mohamad]]. Previously, [[Musa Hitam]] held the deputy premiership but resigned, citing irreconcilable differences with Mahathir.<ref name="tunku">Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra (1986). ''Political Awakening'', p. 86. Pelanduk Publications. {{ISBN|967-978-136-4}}.</ref> On 15 October 1993, during a UMNO election, he was challenged by [[Anwar Ibrahim]]. Ghafar Baba was defeated by Anwar and subsequently lost the deputy premiership.

He died on 23 April 2006, at [[Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur|Gleneagles Intan Medical Centre]] in [[Kuala Lumpur]] due to cardiopulmonary complications. He had been in critical condition for several months prior to his death. He was buried the same day in an official state funeral at [[Makam Pahlawan]] near [[Masjid Negara]], [[Kuala Lumpur]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/4/24/nation/14044647&sec=nation |title=PM hails a humble leader |website=www.thestar.com.my |access-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515005145/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/4/24/nation/14044647&sec=nation |archive-date=15 May 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/4/24/nation/14046759&sec=nation |title=Funeral with full honours |website=thestar.com.my |access-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060513035059/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/4/24/nation/14046759&sec=nation |archive-date=13 May 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Posts==
* Teachers' Union secretary (1946–1948)
* Melaka UMNO Secretary (1951)
* Melaka UMNO Chairman (1957)
* Chief Minister of Malacca (1959–1967)
* UMNO Supreme Working Council member (1957)
* UMNO Information chief (1959)
* UMNO Vice President (1962–1987)
* Barisan Nasional Secretary-General<ref name="tunku"/>
* Federal Territories Barisan Nasional liaison chief<ref name="tunku"/>
* Deputy Prime Minister and UMNO Deputy President (1986–1993)

==Election results==
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ [[Malacca State Legislative Assembly]]<ref>{{Citation |title=TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS |date=2024-12-21 |url=https://github.com/TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/tree/main |access-date=2024-12-26 |publisher=TindakMalaysia}}</ref>
!|Year
!|Constituency
! colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Pct
! colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|[[1959 Malayan state elections|1959]]
|'''N06 [[Tanjong Kling (state constituency)|Tanjong Kling]]'''
|{{party shading/Alliance Party (Malaysia)}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''3,247'''
|'''86.54%'''
|{{party shading/PAS}} |
|Mohd Nor Noordin ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|PMIP]])
| align=right|505
|13.46%
|3,798
|2,742
|79.99%
|-
| rowspan=2|[[1964 Malaysian state elections|1964]]
| rowspan=2|'''N01 [[Tanjong Kling (state constituency)|Tanjong Kling]]'''
| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Alliance Party (Malaysia)}} |
| rowspan=2|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| rowspan=2 align=right|'''3,834'''
| rowspan=2|'''79.46%'''
|bgcolor={{party color|Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front}} |
|Manah Mohd ([[Parti Rakyat Malaysia|PRM]])
| align=right|649
|13.45%
| rowspan=2|4,970
| rowspan=2|3,185
| rowspan=2|83.95%
|-
|{{party shading/PAS}} |
|Mohd Nor Noordin ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|PMIP]])
| align=right|342
| align=right|7.09%
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ [[Dewan Rakyat|Parliament of Malaysia]]
!|Year
!|Constituency
! colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Pct
! colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|[[1969 Malaysian general election|1969]]
|'''P087 [[Malacca Utara (federal constituency)|Malacca Utara]]'''
|{{Party shading/Alliance Party (Malaysia)}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''15,692'''
|'''63.86%'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|Ali Md. Salleh ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
|align="right" |8,881
|36.14%
|26,088
|6,811
|78.49%
|-
|[[1974 Malaysian general election|1974]]
|'''P095 [[Alor Gajah (federal constituency)|Alor Gajah]]'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''20,890'''
|'''78.89%'''
|{{Party shading/PEKEMAS}} |
|Abdul Ghani Long ([[Malaysian Social Justice Party|PEKEMAS]])
| align=right|5,591
|21.11%
|27,750
|15,299
|77.76%
|-
| rowspan=2|[[1978 Malaysian general election|1978]]
| rowspan=3|'''P096 [[Jasin (federal constituency)|Jasin]]'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
| rowspan=2|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| rowspan=2 align=right|'''18,599'''
| rowspan=2|'''60.40%'''
|{{Party shading/Democratic Action Party}} |
|Abdul Karim Abu ([[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|DAP]])
|align="right" |6,532
|21.21%
| rowspan=2|31,672
| rowspan=2|12,067
| rowspan=2|79.00%
|-
|{{party shading/PAS}} |
|Jaliluddin Abd Wahid ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| align=right|5,660
|18.38%
|-
|[[1982 Malaysian general election|1982]]
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''27,542'''
|'''81.07%'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|Salleh Ayob ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| align=right|6,432
|18.93%
|35,657
|21,110
|76.54%
|-
|[[1986 Malaysian general election|1986]]
|rowspan=2|'''P114 [[Jasin (federal constituency)|Jasin]]'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''20,772'''
|'''76.35%'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|Rahimin Bani ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| align=right|6,436
|23.65%
|28,200
|14,336
|71.21%
|-
|[[1990 Malaysian general election|1990]]
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''22,826'''
|'''72.46%'''
|{{Party shading/S46}} |
|Aris Konil ([[Semangat 46|S46]])
| align=right|8,674
|27.54%
|32,519
|14,152
|77.93%
|-
|rowspan=2|[[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]]
|rowspan=2|'''P124 [[Jasin (federal constituency)|Jasin]]'''
|rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|rowspan=2|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|rowspan=2 align=right|'''25,693'''
|rowspan=2|'''78.19%'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|Ahmad Mohd Alim ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| align=right|4,856
|14.78%
|rowspan=2|34,181
|rowspan=2|20,837
|rowspan=2|75.80%
|-
|{{Party shading/S46}} |
|Aris Konil ([[Semangat 46|S46]])
| align=right|2,310
|7.03%
|-
|[[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]]
|'''P122 [[Batu Berendam (federal constituency)|Batu Berendam]]'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghafar Baba''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|'''37,656'''
|'''55.36%'''
|{{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Khalid Jaafar ([[Parti Keadilan Nasional|KeADILan]])
|align="right" |30,368
|44.64%
|69,592
|7,288
|78.82%
|}

==Honours==
===Honours of Malaysia===
* {{flag|Malaysia}}
** [[File:MY Pingat Peringatan Malaysia (Malaysian Commemorative Medal) ribbon.svg|50px]] Recipient of the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Malaysia#Honorary orders and medals|Malaysian Commemorative Medal (Gold)]] (PPM) (1965)
** [[File:Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia - SSM.svg|50px]] Grand Commander of the [[Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia]] (SSM) – '''Tun''' (1995)<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.istiadat.gov.my//wp-content/uploads/2020/08/1995.pdf|title=Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1995.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Ghafar made Tun in King's honours list | work=New Straits Times | date=3 June 1995 | pages=1}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Federal Territory (Malaysia)}}
** [[File:MY-FED Darjah Mahkota Wilayah - Grand Knight - SUMW.svg|50px]] Grand Knight of the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of the Malaysian states and federal territories#Federal Territories|Order of the Territorial Crown]] (SUMW) – '''Datuk Seri Utama''' (2017–posthumously)<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 February 2017|title=Late Tun Ghafar bestowed 'Datuk Seri Utama' title in conjunction with FT Day|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/02/208601/late-tun-ghafar-bestowed-datuk-seri-utama-title-conjunction-ft-day|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208084229/https://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/02/208601/late-tun-ghafar-bestowed-datuk-seri-utama-title-conjunction-ft-day|archive-date=8 February 2021|access-date=3 February 2021|website=[[New Straits Times]]}}</ref>

===Foreign honours===
* {{flag|Soviet Union}}
** Jubilee Medal of Moscow (1966)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19661223-1.2.58|title=Moscow Medal award|work=The Straits Times|date=23 December 1966|pages=7}}</ref>

===Places named after him===
[[File:Tun Abdul Ghaffar Baba Memorial.png|thumb|Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba Memorial]]
* Persiaran Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba, a major road at [[Peringgit]], [[Malacca]].
* Persimpangan Tun Abdul Ghafar, an intersections between Jalan Batu Berendam, Persiaran Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba and Lebuh Ayer Keroh at [[Peringgit]], [[Malacca]].
* The Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba Memorial, a memorial and museum in honour of his achievements located at Persiaran Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba in [[Peringgit]], [[Malacca]].
* [[MRSM Tun Ghafar Baba]] a [[Majlis Amanah Rakyat|MARA]] institution boarding school at [[Jasin, Malacca|Jasin]], [[Malacca]].
* SMK Ghafar Baba (formerly SMK Masjid Tanah), a secondary school at [[Masjid Tanah]], [[Malacca]].
* Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba Mosque, [[Sungai Udang]], [[Malacca]].
* Six [[FELDA]] settlements were renamed after him, they are FELDA Tun Ghafar Machap, FELDA Tun Ghafar Hutan Percha, FELDA Tun Ghafar Menggong, FELDA Tun Ghafar Kemendor, FELDA Tun Ghafar Air Kangkong and FELDA Tun Ghafar Bukit Senggeh.
* Kolej Tun Ghafar Baba, a residential college at [[Universiti Malaysia Perlis]], Kuala Perlis, Perlis
* Kolej Tun Ghafar Baba, a residential college at [[Universiti Teknologi Malaysia]], Skudai, Johor

==Notes and references==
<references />

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box
|before=[[Musa Hitam]]
|title=[[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia]]
|years=1986 – 1 December 1993
|after=[[Anwar Ibrahim]]
}}
{{S-end}}

{{Deputy Prime Ministers of Malaysia}}
{{Third Rahman cabinet}}
{{First Razak cabinet}}
{{Second Razak cabinet}}
{{Second Mahathir cabinet}}
{{Third Mahathir cabinet}}
{{Fourth Mahathir cabinet}}
{{Grand Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Portal bar|Malaysia|Biography|Politics}}

[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Malay descent]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:Malaysian politicians of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malaysian schoolteachers]]
[[Category:United Malays National Organisation politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Dewan Negara]]
[[Category:Deputy prime ministers of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Members of the Malacca State Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Malacca state executive councillors]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Malacca]]
[[Category:Grand Commanders of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Sultan Idris Education University alumni]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1971–1974]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1974–1978]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1978–1982]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1982–1986]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1986–1990]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1990–1995]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1995–1999]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1999–2004]]