View source for 9K38 Igla

{{Short description|Russian man-portable surface-to-air missile (SA-18 Grouse)}}
{{About||the air-to-air rocket named Gimlet|Gimlet (rocket)|the flying boat designated SA-16|Grumman HU-16 Albatross}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox weapon
| is_missile = yes
| name = Igla, SA-18 Grouse, SA-N-10 Grouse
| image = IGLA-S MANPADS at IDELF-2008.jpg
| image_size = 300
| caption = 9K338 Igla-S (SA-24) missile and launch tube.
| origin = [[Soviet Union]]
| type = Man-portable air-defense systems ([[Man-portable air-defense systems|MANPADS]])
| used_by = See [[#Operators|''Operators'']]
| wars = [[Iran-Iraq War]]<br />[[Sri Lankan civil war|Sri Lankan Civil War]]<br />[[Siachen conflict]]<br />[[Somali Civil War]]<br />[[Gulf War]]<br /> [[Yugoslav Wars]]<br /> [[Bosnian War]]<br /> [[Cenepa War]]<br />  [[Second Chechen War]]<br />[[Iraq War]]<br /> [[First Libyan Civil War]]<br /> [[Syrian civil war]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLUf8_9YY_U| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430031557/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLUf8_9YY_U&gl=US&hl=en| archive-date=2020-04-30 | url-status=dead|title=Isis Syria War FSA fire an Igla SAM at a regime aircraft over Nebbel 16.12.2014|last=Hollybats|date=16 December 2014|via=YouTube}}</ref><br /> [[Russo-Ukrainian War]]<br /> [[Sinai insurgency]]<br /> [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015–present)]]<br />[[2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict]]
| manufacturer = [[KB Mashinostroyeniya]] – Developer of the system
| unit_cost = 
| production_date = 1981–present
| service = 1981–present
| engine = Solid fuel rocket motor
| weight = Missile weight: {{convert|10.8|kg|lb|abbr=on}} <br /> Full system: 17.9 kg (39 lb)
| length = {{convert|1.574|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| diameter = 72 mm
| speed = 570 m/s<ref>[http://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/sa-18_grouse_9k38_igla_man-portable_missile_technical_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures.html SA-18 Grouse 9K38 Igla man-portable missile technical data sheet specifications description pictures | Russia Russian army light heavy weapons UK | Russia Russian army military equipment vehicles UK] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501034905/http://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/sa-18_grouse_9k38_igla_man-portable_missile_technical_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures.html |date=1 May 2015}}. Armyrecognition.com (18 December 2011). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref> (peak), about [[Mach number|Mach]] 1.9
| vehicle_range = {{convert|5.0|km|mi|abbr=on}} – Igla-1 <br /> {{convert|5.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} – Igla <br /> {{convert|6.0|km|mi|abbr=on}} – Igla-S
| ceiling = {{convert|3.5|km|ft|abbr=on}}
| altitude = 
| filling = {{convert|1.17|kg|lb|abbr=on}} with {{convert|390|g|oz|abbr=on}} explosive
| guidance = Dual waveband infra-red (S-version)<ref name="9К338 Игла-С - SA-24 GRINCH">{{cite web|url=http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-410.html|title=9К338 Игла-С – SA-24 GRINCH|access-date=14 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025074713/http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-410.html|archive-date=25 October 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
| detonation = Contact and grazing fuze
| launch_platform = 
}}

The '''9K38 Igla''' ({{langx|ru|Игла́}}, "needle", [[NATO reporting name]] '''SA-18 Grouse''') is a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]/[[Russian Federation|Russian]] [[MANPADS|man-portable]] [[infrared homing]] [[surface-to-air missile]] (SAM) system. A simplified, earlier version is known as the '''9K310 Igla-1''' (NATO: '''SA-16 Gimlet'''), and the latest variant is the '''9K338 Igla-S''' ('''SA-24 Grinch''').

The Igla-1 entered service in 1981, the Igla in 1983, and the Igla-S in 2004.{{cn|date=April 2023}} The Igla has been supplemented by the [[9K333 Verba]] since 2014.<ref name="armyrecognition.com">[http://www.armyrecognition.com/september_2014_global_defense_security_news_uk/new_russian_verba_manpads_will_replace_igla-s_.html New Russian Verba MANPADS will replace Igla-S] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626185908/http://www.armyrecognition.com/september_2014_global_defense_security_news_uk/new_russian_verba_manpads_will_replace_igla-s_.html |date=26 June 2015}} - Armyrecognition.com, 15 September 2014</ref>

==History==
[[File:Игла - Расчеты ПЗРК Северного флота в ходе практических стрельб поразили все воздушные мишени.ogv|thumb|thumbtime=8|Russian soldiers demonstrate use of Igla MANPADS.]]
The development of the Igla short-range man-portable air defense system ([[MANPADS]]) began in the [[Kolomna]] [[OKB]] in 1972. Contrary to what is commonly reported, the Igla is not an improved version of the earlier [[Strela (disambiguation)|Strela]] family ([[SA-7 Grail|Strela-2]] and [[SA-14 Gremlin|Strela-3]]), but an all-new project.{{Citation needed|date=May 2014}} The main goals were to create a missile with better resistance to countermeasures and wider engagement envelope than the earlier Strela series MANPADS systems.

Technical difficulties in the development quickly made it obvious that the development would take far longer than anticipated, however, and in 1978 the program split in two: while the development of the full-capability Igla would continue, a simplified version (Igla-1) with a simpler IR seeker based on that of the earlier Strela-3 would be developed to enter service earlier than the full-capability version could be finished.

===Igla-1===
[[File:SA-16 and SA-18 missiles and launchers.jpg|thumb|right|9K38 Igla (SA-18) missile and launcher top and 9K310 Igla-1 (SA-16) missile and launcher below.]]
The 9K310 Igla-1 system and its 9M313&nbsp;missile were accepted into service in the [[Soviet Army]] on 11 March 1981. The main differences from the Strela-3 included an optional [[Identification Friend or Foe]] system to prevent firing on friendly aircraft, an automatic lead and super elevation to simplify shooting and reduce minimum firing range, a slightly larger rocket, reduced drag and better guidance system extend maximum range and improve performance against fast and maneuverable targets, an improved lethality on target achieved by a combination of delayed impact [[Fuse (explosives)|fuzing]], terminal maneuver to hit the fuselage rather than jet nozzle, an additional charge to set off the remaining rocket fuel (if any) on impact, an improved resistance to [[infrared countermeasures]] (both decoy flares and [[ALQ-144]] series jamming emitters), and slightly improved seeker sensitivity.

The seeker has two detectors – a cooled [[MWIR]] [[Indium antimonide|InSb]] detector for detection of the target and uncooled [[lead(II) sulfide|PbS]] SWIR detector for detection of IR decoys (flares). The built-in logic determines whether the detected object is a target or a decoy. The latest version (Igla-S) is reported to have additional detectors around the main seeker to provide further resistance against pulsed [[IRCM]] devices commonly used on helicopters.

The 9M313 missile features a [[drag-reducing aerospike]] mounted on a tripod (Igla's 9M39 missile has an aerospike attached directly to the seeker dome, resembling a needle, which is perhaps not coincidentally the translation of its codename, {{langx|ru|игла}}), which reduces a [[shock wave]], thus providing less dome heating and greater range. The name Igla is derived from these devices.

Like many other MANPADS, Igla-1 and Igla feature so-called rolling airframe missiles. These missiles roll in flight (900–1,200 rpm) so steering the missile requires just a single pair of control surfaces, unlike roll-stabilized missiles, which require separate control surfaces for pitch and yaw. Both 9M313 and 9M39 missiles contain a [[gas generator]], which drives a small [[gas turbine]] to provide electrical power, and the pistons, which move the [[canard (aeronautics)|canards]] used to steer the missile in a [[bang-bang control|bang-bang]] mode. In addition to that, two exhaust tubes of the gas generator are placed perpendicular to the steering canards to provide maneuverability immediately after launch when the missile airspeed is too low for canards to be effective. Later versions of Igla are reported to use [[proportional control]] to drive the canards, which enables greater precision and less oscillation of the flight path.

According to the manufacturer, South African tests have shown the Igla's superiority over the contemporary (1982 service entry) but smaller and lighter American FIM-92A [[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger]] missile. According to Kolomna OKB, the Igla-1 has a P<sub>k</sub> ([[probability of kill]]) of 0.30 to 0.48 against unprotected targets which is reduced to 0.24 in the presence of decoy flares and jamming.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nnre.ru/tehnicheskie_nauki/oruzhie_sovremennoi_pehoty_illyustrirovannyi_spravochnik_chast_ii/p96.php|title="Игла-1" и "Игла" / Оружие современной пехоты. Иллюстрированный справочник Часть II|website=www.nnre.ru|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709223312/http://www.nnre.ru/tehnicheskie_nauki/oruzhie_sovremennoi_pehoty_illyustrirovannyi_spravochnik_chast_ii/p96.php|archive-date=9 July 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> In another report, the manufacturer claimed a P<sub>k</sub> of 0.59 against an approaching and 0.44 against receding [[F-4 Phantom II]] fighter not employing [[infrared countermeasure]]s or evasive maneuvers.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

===Igla===
[[File:9K38 IGLA (4968730444).jpg|thumb|Brazilian soldier with 9K38 Igla (SA-18).]]
The full-capability 9K38 Igla with its 9M39&nbsp;missile was finally accepted into service in the Soviet Army in 1983. The main improvements over the Igla-1 included much improved resistance against flares and jamming, a more sensitive seeker, expanding forward-hemisphere engagement, capability to include a tandem charge against armored targets, capability to engage straight-approaching fighters ([[all-aspect]] capability) under favourable circumstances, a slightly longer range, a higher-impulse, shorter-burning rocket with higher peak velocity (but approximately same time of flight to maximum range). The new 9E410 seeker operated in both IR and UV wavelengths, which decreased its susceptibility to flares, and was effective in countering lamp-style IR jammers (but not shutter-types).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Zaloga |first=Steven J. |title=Infantry Antiaircraft Missiles: Man-Portable Air Defense Systems |publisher=Osprey Publishing |year=2023 |isbn=9781472853431 |location=Oxford |pages=34}}</ref> The [[Finnish Defence Forces|Finnish Defense Forces]]--which operated the Igla in the [[Finnish Army|army]] and the French [[Mistral (missile)|Mistral]] in the [[Finnish Navy|navy]]--felt that the Igla's seeker was superior over the Mistral's.<ref name=":0" />

The naval variant of 9K38 Igla has the NATO reporting name SA-N-10 Grouse.

The Igla–1M missile consists of a Ground Power Supply Source (GPSS), Launching Tube, Launching Mechanism & Missile (9M313–1).

There is also a two-barrel 9K38 missile launcher called Dzhigit.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130219180042/http://warfare.be/db/catid/264/linkid/1770/ DJIGIT (SA-18)]. warfare.be</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ЦАМТО / / ВМС Таиланда получат 5 комплексов ОПУ "Джигит" производства АО "НПК «КБМ" |url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0127/101561429/detail.shtml |website=armstrade.org |access-date=4 October 2021}}</ref>

===9K338 Igla-S (SA-24 Grinch)=== 
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:URO VAMTAC Igla Djigit-AA Pod.jpeg|thumb|right|[[Malaysian Army]] [[URO VAMTAC]] installed with Igla Djigit-AA Pod.]] -->
The newest variant, which is a substantially improved variant with longer range, more sensitive seeker, improved resistance to latest countermeasures, and a heavier warhead. Manufacturer reports hit probability of 0.8–0.9.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://roe.ru/|title=Рособоронэкспорт Официальный сайт|website=roe.ru}}</ref> State tests were completed in December 2001 and the system entered service in 2002. Series produced by the Degtyarev plant since 1 December 2004.<ref name="9К338 Игла-С - SA-24 GRINCH" />

===Replacement===
Since 2014 the Igla is being replaced in Russian service by the new [[9K333 Verba]] (Willow) MANPADS.<ref name="armyrecognition.com" /> The Verba's primary feature is its multispectral optical seeker, using three sensors as opposed to the Igla-S' two. Cross-checking sensors against one another better discriminates between relevant targets and decoys, and decreases the chance of disruption from countermeasures, including lasers that attempt to blind missiles.<ref>[http://armyrecognition.com/june_2015_global_defense_security_news_uk/new-generation_man-portable_air_defence_system_verba_revealed_to_public_at_army_2015_exhibition_31906154.html New-generation man-portable air defence system Verba revealed to public at Army 2015 exhibition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626190001/http://armyrecognition.com/june_2015_global_defense_security_news_uk/new-generation_man-portable_air_defence_system_verba_revealed_to_public_at_army_2015_exhibition_31906154.html |date=26 June 2015}} – Armyrecognition.com, 19 June 2015</ref>

==Operational history==
{{multiple image|direction = vertical|width= 220|image1=A-10 Thunderbolt II Battle Damage.JPG|caption1= Tail section of a USAF [[Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II|A-10A Thunderbolt II]] aircraft showing damage sustained from an Iraqi SA-16 missile during Operation Desert Storm, 15 February 1991.|image2=Damaged A-10A.JPEG|caption2= Rear view.}}

===India===
====Operation Trishul Shakti (1992)====
{{Main|Siachen conflict}}
From 28 July 1992 to 2 August 1992 the [[Indian Army]] mounted Operation Trishul Shakti to protect the Bahadur post in [[Chalunka|Chulung]] when it was attacked by a large Pakistani assault team. On 1 August 1992, Pakistani helicopters were attacked by an Indian Igla missile and Brig. Masood Navid Anwari (PA 10117) then Force Commander [[Northern Areas]] and other accompanying troops were killed. This led to a loss of momentum on the Pakistani side and the assault stalled.<ref>{{cite book|first = Harish | last = Kapadia|author-link=Harish Kapadia |title=Siachen Glacier: The Battle of Roses |publisher=Rupa Publications Pvt. Ltd. (India)}}</ref>

===Iraq===

====Desert Storm (1991)====
{{Main|List of combat losses of United States military aircraft since the Vietnam War#1991 (Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm)|l1=US aircraft losses in Desert Storm}}
The first combat use of the Igla-1E was during the [[Gulf War]] Operation GRANBY. On 17 January 1991, a [[Panavia Tornado]] bomber of the Royal Air Force was shot down by an Iraqi MANPADS that may have been an Igla-1E (or Strela-3) after an unsuccessful bombing mission.  The crew, [[Flight lieutenant|Flt Lts]] [[John Peters (RAF officer)|J G Peters]] and [[John Nichol (RAF officer)|A J Nichol]], were both captured and held as [[prisoners of war]] (POWs) until the cessation of hostilities.<ref>Lawrence, Richard R.. ''Mammoth Book Of How It Happened: Battles'', Constable & Robinson Ltd, 2002.</ref><ref>[http://www.raf.mod.uk/history/RAFTornadoAircraftLosses.cfm Statement on the Loss of RAF Tornado Aircraft in Combat During the Conduct of Air Operations against Iraq] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011214058/http://www.raf.mod.uk/history/RAFTornadoAircraftLosses.cfm |date=11 October 2011}}. Raf.mod.uk. Retrieved on 6 January 2017.</ref>

In addition, an Igla-1E shot down an American [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16]] on 27 February 1991. The pilot was captured.<ref>[http://www.f-16.net/aircraft-database/F-16/airframe-profile/1720/ "Aircraft Database on F-16.net"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226103144/http://www.f-16.net/aircraft-database/F-16/airframe-profile/1720/ |date=26 December 2016}} Aircraft profile records for Tail 84-1390. Retrieved: 11 May 2011.</ref>

It is uncertain if an [[Lockheed AC-130|AC-130H]] lost was hit by a 'Strela' missile or a more recent Igla since Iraq had SA-7, SA-14 and SA-16 missiles at the time, according to the SIPRI database.

====From 2003====
{{Main|List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Iraq War}}

Among the Coalition force losses to MANPADS during the [[Iraq War]] some were reported as losses to Igla-1E (SA-16) missiles.

===Rwanda===
Igla-1E missiles were used in the [[Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira|1994 shoot down of a Rwandan government flight]], killing the presidents of Rwanda and Burundi and sparking the [[Rwandan genocide]].<ref>[http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/continuing-threat-libyan-missiles?elq=12bf0178edfb45cbb6e53aa33cba05e4 The Continuing Threat of Libyan Missiles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408214026/http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/continuing-threat-libyan-missiles?elq=12bf0178edfb45cbb6e53aa33cba05e4 |date=8 April 2014}}. Stratfor. Retrieved on 6 January 2017.</ref>

===Cenepa War===
During the [[Cenepa War]] between Ecuador and Peru, both the [[Ecuadorian Army]] and the [[Peruvian Army]] (which had 90 functioning firing units) utilized Igla-1E missiles against aircraft and helicopters.

A [[Peruvian Air Force]] [[Mi-25]] attack helicopter was shot down on 7 February 1995 around Base del Sur, killing the three crewmen, while an [[Ecuadorian Air Force]] [[A-37 Dragonfly]] was hit but managed to land on 11 February. Hits on additional Ecuadorian aircraft were claimed but could not be confirmed.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cooper|first=Tom|title=Peru vs. Ecuador; Alto Cenepa War, 1995|url=http://www.acig.info/CMS/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=97&Itemid=47|publisher=ACIG.org|access-date=18 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213328/http://www.acig.info/CMS/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=97&Itemid=47|archive-date=4 October 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Bosnia===
On 16 April 1994 during the [[Siege of Goražde]], while attempting to bomb a Serbian tank an RAF [[British Aerospace Sea Harrier|Sea Harrier]] was shot down by an Igla fired by the [[Army of Republika Srpska]]. The pilot ejected and was rescued by the [[Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina]].<ref>{{cite web |title=On this day 16 April 1994 |url=https://www.fleetairarmoa.org/news/on-this-day-16-april-1994 |website=Fleet Air Arm Officers Association |access-date=23 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Harris |first1=John |title=NATO PLANE SHOT DOWN IN BATTLE FOR GORAZDE |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/04/17/nato-plane-shot-down-in-battle-for-gorazde/ce362807-6cb8-462d-9f14-e03881027be4/ |access-date=23 June 2021 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=April 17, 1994}}</ref>

During [[Operation Deliberate Force]], on 30 August 1995; a French [[Mirage 2000D]] was shot down over [[Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina|Pale]] by an Igla fired by air defence units of the Army of Republika Srpska.<ref>Fulghum, David A. (14 January 2010) [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518221708/http://www.aviationweek.com/Blogs.aspx?plckBlogId=Blog%3A27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7&plckController=Blog&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&newspaperUserId=27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7&plckPostId=Blog%3A27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post%3Ad659c129-5a4e-42d9-9c88-113bc0ff7e35&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest Anti-Aircraft Missiles Stolen by Guerrillas in Peru]. ''Aviation Week''</ref> The pilots, Lt. Jose-Manuel Souvignet (pilot) and Capt. Frederic Chiffot (back-seater), were captured and freed in December 1995.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/index/bosnia/dec95/nbos030.htm |work=USA Today |title=Serbs free two French pilots |access-date=7 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031095055/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/index/bosnia/dec95/nbos030.htm |archive-date=31 October 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Yugoslavia===
During [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia|Operation Allied Force]], two [[A-10 Thunderbolt II]] aircraft were hit by Igla-1E missiles. On 2 May 1999, one A-10 was hit over Kosovo and was forced to make an emergency landing at [[Skopje Airport]] in north Macedonia due to damage. The following day, an A-10 was hit beneath the cockpit, however serious damage was avoided due to the warhead failing to detonate.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Haave |first1=Chris |last2=Haun |first2=Phil |title=A-10s over Kosovo |date=December 2003 |publisher=Air University Press |isbn=1-58566-122-8 |url=https://media.defense.gov/2017/Mar/31/2001724978/-1/-1/0/B_0090_HAAVE_HAUN_A10S_OVER_KOSOVO.PDF |access-date=23 June 2021}}</ref>

===Chechnya===
{{See also|List of Russian aircraft losses in the Second Chechen War}}
The [[2002 Khankala Mi-26 crash]] occurred on 19 August 2002 when a team of [[Chechnya|Chechen]] separatists brought down a Russian [[Mil Mi-26]] helicopter in a [[minefield]] with an Igla; this resulted in the death of 127 Russian soldiers in the greatest loss of life in the history of helicopter aviation. It was also the most deadly aviation disaster ever suffered by the Russian armed forces.<ref name=life>[https://www.theguardian.com/international/story/0,3604,1206452,00.html Chechen gets life for killing 127 Russian soldiers], ''The Guardian'', 30 April 2004</ref>

===Egypt===
On 26 January 2014, the militant group [[Ansar Bait al-Maqdis]] shot down an Egyptian [[Mi-17]] over the [[Sinai insurgency|northern Sinai peninsula]] using a suspected Igla-1E or Igla. How the group came to obtain the weapon is currently unknown.<ref>{{cite web|last=Binnie|first=Jeremy|title=Egyptian militants downed helo with Igla-type MANPADS|url=http://www.janes.com/article/33165/egyptian-militants-downed-helo-with-igla-type-manpads|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=7 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408215558/http://www.janes.com/article/33165/egyptian-militants-downed-helo-with-igla-type-manpads|archive-date=8 April 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Libya===
During the [[2011 military intervention in Libya]], Libyan loyalist forces engaged coalition aircraft with a certain number of Igla-S. Three Igla-S were fired against British [[AgustaWestland Apache|Apache]] attack helicopters of the [[No. 656 Squadron AAC|656 Squadron Army Air Corps]] operating from the [[amphibious assault ship]] {{HMS|Ocean|L12|6}}. According to the squadron commander at the time, they were all dodged by insistent use of [[Flare (countermeasure)|decoy flares]] by the gunships who in exchange successfully engaged the shooters.<ref>[http://www.navyhistory.org/2016/09/book-review-apache-over-libya/ BOOK REVIEW – Apache Over Libya | Naval Historical Foundation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160906073618/https://www.navyhistory.org/2016/09/book-review-apache-over-libya/ |date=6 September 2016}}. Navyhistory.org (2 September 2016). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref><ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/news/army-apache-crew-members-honoured-for-actions-over-libya--2 Army Apache crew members honoured for actions over Libya – Announcements] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924113143/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/army-apache-crew-members-honoured-for-actions-over-libya--2 |date=24 September 2016}}. GOV.UK (26 March 2012). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref>

On 23 March 2015, a [[Libya Dawn]]-operated [[MiG-23|MiG-23UB]] was shot down with an Igla-S (reportedly a truck-mounted Strelets variant) while bombing Al Watiya airbase (near [[Zintan]]), controlled by forces from the internationally recognized [[House of Representatives (Libya)|House of Representatives]]. Both pilots were killed.<ref>Binnie, Jeremy (22 March 2015) [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054549/http://www.janes.com/article/50111/libya-dawn-aircraft-crashes-during-raid-on-zintan Libya Dawn aircraft crashes during raid on Zintan]. London, IHS Jane's Defence Weekly</ref><ref>[https://twitter.com/michaelh992/status/580019446728810496 Michael Horowitz on Twitter: "Picture: Igla manpad reportedly used to shoot down a #Libya Dawn Airplane that carried out an airstrike over Zintan http://t.co/65DONM1RRq"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305140752/https://twitter.com/michaelh992/status/580019446728810496 |date=5 March 2016}}. Twitter.com. Retrieved on 6 January 2017.</ref>

===Plot against Air Force One===
On 12 August 2003, as a result of a [[sting operation]] arranged as a result of cooperation between the American, British and Russian intelligence agencies, [[Hemant Lakhani]], a British national, was intercepted attempting to bring what he had thought was an older-generation Igla into the United States. He is said to have intended the missile to be used in an attack on [[Air Force One]], the American presidential plane, or on a commercial US airliner, and is understood to have planned to buy 50 more of these weapons.

After the [[Federal Security Service|FSB]] detected the dealer in Russia, he was approached by US undercover agents posing as terrorists wanting to shoot down a commercial plane. He was then provided with an inert Igla by undercover Russian agents, and arrested in [[Newark, New Jersey]], when making the delivery to the undercover US agent. An Indian citizen residing in [[Malaysia]], [[Moinuddeen Ahmed Hameed]] and an American [[Yehuda Abraham]] who allegedly provided money to buy the missile were also arrested.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0308/13/se.07.html|title=Three Men Charged with Smuggling Missiles|access-date=14 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129021759/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0308/13/se.07.html|archive-date=29 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Yehuda Abraham is president and CEO of [[Ambuy Gem Corp]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.manta.com/coms2/dnbcompany_q6phd|title=Ambuy Gem Corp|website=Manta|access-date=14 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203020/http://www.manta.com/coms2/dnbcompany_q6phd|archive-date=29 October 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2003/august/ucmissile_081303|title=FBI's press release|website=FBI|access-date=14 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129014250/http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2003/august/ucmissile_081303|archive-date=29 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Lakhani was convicted by jury in April 2005, and was sentenced to 47 years in prison.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2005/December/05_opa_641.html|title=Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales Highlights Success in the War on Terror at the Council on Foreign Relations|date=1 December 2005|publisher=US Department of Justice|access-date=17 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713233930/http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2005/December/05_opa_641.html|archive-date=13 July 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Syria===
{{See also|List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Syrian Civil War}}
Video has surfaced showing rebels using an Igla-1E on a Syrian government helicopter. Such weapons were believed to have been looted from a Syrian army base in Aleppo in February 2013. In 2014, a member of the rebel group Harakat Hazm was filmed aiming an Igla-1E into the air on the same day that the group was filmed operating [[BGM-71 TOW]] missiles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ii9qx95H6fY|title=حركة حزم التصدي للطيران الحربي فوق بلدة حيش|website=[[YouTube]]|access-date=7 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412004810/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ii9qx95H6fY|archive-date=12 April 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Whether these weapons were raided from regime stockpiles or supplied via overseas is unknown.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} However, Russia reportly denied Syrian demand for Iglas in 2005 and 2007, fearing these weapons to be used by [[Hezbollah]].<ref name ='SAS 2015'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Chapter-04-EN.pdf|chapter=Trade Update: After the 'Arab Spring'|title=Small Arms Survey 2015: weapons and the world|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2015|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|ref={{harvid|Small Arms Survey 2015}}|page=107|access-date=29 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128065841/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf|archive-date=28 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Ukraine===
{{Main|List of aircraft losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War}}
On 14 June 2014, [[Russian separatist forces in Donbas|Russian separatist forces]] near [[Luhansk International Airport]] in Eastern Ukraine [[Ukrainian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 shoot-down|shot down an IL-76 of the Ukrainian Airforce]] probably using an Igla MANPADS, killing all 49 Ukrainian service personnel on board.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bloodiest day in Ukraine conflict as rebel missiles bring down military jet |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/14/ukraine-conflict-bloodiest-day-missiles-bring-down-military-jet |newspaper=Observer |first=Alec |last=Luhn |date=14 June 2014 |access-date=14 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140615080529/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/14/ukraine-conflict-bloodiest-day-missiles-bring-down-military-jet |archive-date=15 June 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The Igla saw extensive use by Ukrainian forces during the early stages of the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]].

On March 22, 2022, the [[80th Air Assault Brigade (Ukraine)|Ukrainian 80th Air Assault Brigade]] claimed to have shot down a Russian cruise missile over the [[Mykolaiv Oblast]] with an Igla system.<ref>{{Citation |title=Ukrainian paratroopers allegedly shot down Russian cruise missile with Igla over Mykolaiv region |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/03/22/7333658/ |publication-date=March 22, 2022 |publisher=Pravda}}</ref>

On April 17, 2022, Ukrainian forces reported shooting down a [[Kamov Ka-50|Ka-52]] attack helicopter with an Igla MANPADS.<ref>{{Citation |title="Шкода було "Стінгера" на них витрачати, тому російський гвинтокрил Ка-52 збили звичайною «Іглою" |url=https://www.facebook.com/EastOC/posts/144151918137207 |publication-date=April 17, 2022}}</ref>

On April 21, 2022, Ukrainian forces located in the [[Kharkiv Oblast]] reportedly shot down a Russian [[Sukhoi Su-34|Su-34]] aircraft with an Igla system.<ref>{{Citation |title=Ukraine's Armed Forces destroy Russian Su-34 fighter jet in Kharkiv region |date=April 30, 2022 |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3463692-ukraines-armed-forces-destroy-russian-su34-fighter-jet-in-kharkiv-region.html |publication-date=April 22, 2022}}</ref>

On May 22, 2022, Ukrainian paratroopers from Lviv downed a Russian [[Sukhoi Su-25|Su-25]] attack aircraft with an Igla system.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lviv paratroopers shoot down Russian Su-25 plane |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3489412-lviv-paratroopers-shoot-down-russian-su25-plane.html |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=www.ukrinform.net |date=22 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

On June 18, 2022, Ukraine's [[72nd Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine)|72nd Separate Mechanized Brigade]] downed a Russian Sukhoi Su-25 attack aircraft with an Igla system.<ref name=hromadske20220618>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian Armed Forces downed Russian Su-25 aircraft in Donetsk Oblast capturing the pilot |url=https://en.hromadske.ua/posts/ukrainian-armed-forces-downed-russian-su-25-aircraft-in-donetsk-oblast-capturing-the-pilot |date= 18 June 2022 |access-date=18 June 2022 |work=[[Hromadske]] }}</ref>

On October 10, 2022, Ukrainian soldiers claimed to have shot down a Russian 
cruise missile with a 9K38 Igla. 
<ref>{{cite news |title= Watch a Ukrainian soldier take out a Russian cruise missile with a MANPADS |author= JARED KELLER |url=https://taskandpurpose.com/news/ukraine-manpads-video-russia/ |date= 10 October 2022 |access-date=16 October 2022 |work=[[Hromadske]] }}</ref>

On June 28, 2024, the [[National Guard of Ukraine]] claimed to have shot down a Russian Su-25 fighter jet over Donetsk Oblast using an Igla missile.<ref>{{cite news |title=Another Russian Su-25 downed, Ukraine's National Guard claims |url=https://kyivindependent.com/another-russian-su-25-downed-ukraines-national-guard-claims/ |access-date=28 June 2024 |publisher=The Kyiv Independent |author=Chris York |date=28 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian troops destroy Russian Su-25 jet in Donetsk Oblast – video |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/06/28/7463051/|access-date=1 July 2024 |publisher=Ukrainian Pravda |author=VALENTYNA ROMANENKO  |date=28 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

On February 8, 2025, the [[Ministry of Defence (Ukraine)|Ukrainian Defense Ministry]] announced the destruction of a [[Sukhoi Su-25|Su-25]] near [[Toretsk]] in Donetsk Oblast, probably with an Igla MANPADS.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The National Guard of Ukraine Precisely Shot Down russian Su-25 Aircraft with the Igla MANPADS (Video) {{!}} Defense Express |url=https://en.defence-ua.com/news/the_national_guard_of_ukraine_precisely_shot_down_russian_su_25_aircraft_with_the_igla_manpads_video-10995.html |access-date=2025-02-09 |website=en.defence-ua.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Warriors of the 28th Mechanized Brigade destroyed a russian Su-25 and likely damaged an enemy helicopter near Toretsk |url=https://x.com/DefenceU/status/1888248426967535799 }}</ref>

===Nagorno Karabakh===
{{Main|2014 Armenian Mil Mi-24 shootdown}}
On 12 November 2014, Azerbaijani forces shot down an [[Armenian Army]] Mi-24 of a formation of two which were flying near the Azerbaijani border. All three on board died when the helicopter was hit by an Igla-S MANPADS fired by Azerbaijani soldiers while flying at low altitude, and crashed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30025296|title=Azerbaijan downs Armenian helicopter|date=12 November 2014 |publisher=BBC News|access-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141114182306/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30025296|archive-date=14 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=171197|title=ASN Aircraft accident 12-NOV-2014 Mil Mi-24|author=Harro Ranter|access-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112224139/http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=171197|archive-date=12 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjNjJixb1n8|title=Ağdamda helikopterin vurulma anı (həqiqi görüntülər)|website=YouTube|access-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113215425/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjNjJixb1n8|archive-date=13 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

During the 2020 conflict, reports suggest that Armenian air defence units used Igla-S and Igla-E1 to shootdown a multitude of Azerbaijani aircraft, including several [[Bayraktar TB2]] [[unmanned combat aerial vehicle]] (UCAV). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-11 |title=Karabakh air defense shoots down another Turkey-made Bayraktar drone of Azerbaijan (PHOTOS) |url=https://news.am/eng/news/612134.html |access-date=2025-04-11 |website=news.am |language=en}}</ref>

===Turkey===
On 13 May 2016, [[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]] militants shot down a Turkish Army [[Bell AH-1W SuperCobra]] attack helicopter using 9K38 Igla (SA-18 Grouse) version of this missile system. The missile severed the tail section from the rest of the helicopter, causing it to fragment in midair and crash, killing the two pilots on board. The Turkish government first claimed that it fell due to technical failure before it became clear that it was shot down. The PKK later released video footage of the rocket being fired and striking the helicopter.<ref>Cunningham, Erin. (14 May 2016) [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/05/14/kurdish-militants-just-challenged-turkish-air-power-in-a-major-way/ Kurdish militants reportedly shoot down Turkish security forces helicopter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518204940/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/05/14/kurdish-militants-just-challenged-turkish-air-power-in-a-major-way/ |date=18 May 2016}}. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref>

==Variants==
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2022}}
[[File:9K338 Igla-S (NATO-Code - SA-24 Grinch).jpg|thumb|right|An Igla-S missile with its launch tube.]]

* '''Igla-1''' is a simplified early production version. It is known in the West as '''SA-16 Gimlet'''. It had a maximum range of 5000 m and could reach targets at a maximum altitude of 2500 m.
* '''Igla-1E''' is an export version. It has been exported to a number of countries.
* '''Igla (SA-18 Grouse)''' is a standard production version. It was adopted in 1983. Currently it is in service with more than 30 countries, including Russia.
* '''Igla-D''', version developed specially for the Soviet airborne troops. Its launch tube can be disassembled and carried in two separate sections in order to reduce dimensions.
* '''Igla-M''' is a naval version for the naval boats. Its Western designation is '''SA-N-10 Grouse'''.
* '''Igla-V''' is an air-to-air version, used on helicopters.
* '''Igla-N''' is a version with much larger and more powerful warhead.
*&nbsp;'''Igla-S''', sometimes referred as Igla-Super. It is an improved variant in the Igla, which entered service with Russian Army in 2004. It is known in the West as '''SA-24 Grinch'''.

==Comparison chart to other MANPADS==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!style="width: 12%;" |[[9K34 Strela-3]] /SA-14
!style="width: 12%;" |9K38 Igla /SA-18
!style="width: 12%;" |9K310 Igla-1 /SA-16
!style="width: 12%;" |9K338 Igla-S /SA-24
!style="width: 12%;" |[[FIM-92 Stinger|FIM-92C Stinger]]
!style="width: 12%;" |[[PZR Grom|Grom]]<br /><ref>Kwasek, Tomasz (18 August 2011) [https://web.archive.org/web/20150607013456/http://dziennikzbrojny.pl/artykuly/art%2C5%2C22%2C18%2Cwojska-ladowe%2Cbron-rakietowa%2Cprzeciwlotniczy-zestaw-rakietowy-ppzr-grom-i-piorun Przeciwlotniczy zestaw rakietowy PPZR Grom i Piorun]. dziennikzbrojny.pl</ref>
!style="width: 12%;" |[[Starstreak (missile)|Starstreak]]<br /><ref name="thalesgroup.com">[https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/asset/document/STARStreak_05_12.pdf StarStreak High Velocity Missile (HVM)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001708/https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/asset/document/STARStreak_05_12.pdf |date=4 March 2016}}. thalesgroup.com</ref><ref>[https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/asset/document/Thales%20AVS%2011_10.pdf STARSTREAK Armoured Vehicle System (AVS)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107003912/https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/asset/document/Thales%20AVS%2011_10.pdf |date=7 January 2017}}. thalesgroup.com</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:left;" |Service entry
|1974
|1983
|1981
|2004
|1987
|1995
|1997
|-
!style="text-align:left;" |Weight, <br />full system, <br />ready to shoot <br />kg (lb)
|{{convert|16.0|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|17.9|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|17.9|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|19|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|14.3|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|16.5|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|20.00|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|-
!style="text-align:left;"|Weight, missile <br />kg (lb)
|{{convert|10.3|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|10.8|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|10.8|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|11.7|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|10.1|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|10.5|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|14.00|kg|lb|abbr=values}}<ref name="thalesgroup.com" />
|-
!style="text-align:left;"|Weight, warhead <br /> kg (lb)<br /> g (oz)
|{{convert|1.17|kg|lb|abbr=values}},<br />{{convert|390|g|oz|abbr=values}} [[HMX]]
|{{convert|1.17|kg|lb|abbr=values}},<br />{{convert|390|g|oz|abbr=values}} [[HMX]]
|{{convert|1.17|kg|lb|abbr=values}},<br />{{convert|390|g|oz|abbr=values}} [[HMX]]
|
{{convert|2.5|kg|lb|abbr=values}},<br />{{convert|585|g|oz|abbr=values}} [[HMX]]
|
{{convert|1.0|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
<br />
HTA-3<ref>{{cite web |title=FM 1-140 HELICOPTER GUNNERY |url=http://ugcsurvival.com/FieldManuals/FM%201-140%2019960329-Helicopter%20Gunnery.pdf |publisher=Department of the Army Washington, DC |access-date=4 October 2021 |date=29 March 1996}}</ref>
|
{{convert|1.27|kg|lb|abbr=values}}
|3x {{convert|0.90|kg|lb|abbr=values}} tungsten alloy darts,<br />3x {{convert|450|g|oz|abbr=values}} [[Polymer-bonded explosive|PBX-98]]
|-style="vertical-align: top;"
!style="text-align:left;"|Warhead type
|Directed-energy <br /> blast fragmentation
|Directed-energy <br /> blast fragmentation
|Directed-energy <br /> blast fragmentation
|Directed-energy <br /> blast fragmentation
|Blast fragmentation
|Blast fragmentation
|Blast fragmentation
|-style="vertical-align: top;"
!style="text-align:left;"|Fuze type
|Impact and grazing fuze.
|Delayed impact, <br />magnetic and grazing.
|Delayed impact, <br />magnetic and grazing.
|Delayed impact, <br />magnetic and grazing.
|Delayed impact.
|Impact.
|Delayed impact, armour-piercing.
|-
!style="text-align:left;"|Flight speed, average / peak <br />m/s (mph)
|{{convert|470|m/s|mph|abbr=values}} <br />sustained
|{{convert|600|m/s|mph|abbr=values}} <br />/ {{convert|800|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{nowrap|{{convert|570|m/s|mph|abbr=values}} <br />sustained}}<br />(in + temperature)
|?
|{{convert|700|m/s|mph|abbr=values}} <br />/ {{convert|750|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|580|m/s|mph|abbr=values}} <br />/ {{convert|650|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|1190|m/s|mph|abbr=values}} <br />/ {{convert|1360|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110609144914/http://www.defencejournal.com/jan99/starstreak.htm – Close Air Defence Missiles] . Defencejournal.com. Retrieved on 6 January 2017.</ref>
|-
!style="text-align:left;"|Maximum range <br /> m (ft)
|{{convert|4100|m|ft|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|5200|m|ft|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|5000|m|ft|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|6000|m|ft|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|4500|m|ft|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|5500|m|ft|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|7000|m|ft|abbr=values}}+
|-
!style="text-align:left;"|Maximum target speed, receding <br />m/s (mph)
|{{convert|260|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|360|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|360|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|400|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|?
|{{convert|320|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|?
|-
!style="text-align:left;"|Maximum target speed, approaching <br />m/s (mph)
|{{convert|310|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|320|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|320|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|{{convert|320|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|?
|{{convert|360|m/s|mph|abbr=values}}
|?
|-style="vertical-align: top;"
!style="text-align:left;"|Seeker head type
|Nitrogen-cooled, <br /> [[lead sulfide]] (PbS)
|Nitrogen-cooled, <br /> [[Indium antimonide]] ([[InSb]]) <br /> and <br /> uncooled [[lead sulfide]] (PbS)
|Nitrogen-cooled, <br /> [[Indium antimonide]] ([[InSb]])
|?
|Argon-cooled, <br /> [[Indium antimonide]] ([[InSb]]) <br /> and UV flare rejection channel
|?
|Laser beam rider (LBR)
|-style="vertical-align: top;"
!style="text-align:left;"|Seeker scanning
|[[Frequency modulation|FM-modulated]]
|FM-modulated
|FM-modulated
|FM-modulated
|Rosette-scanning
|FM-modulated
|Low intensity modulated-laser-homing darts
|-style="vertical-align: top;"
!style="text-align:left;"|Seeker notes
|
|Aerospike to reduce <br /> supersonic wave drag
|Tripod-mounted nosecone <br /> to reduce supersonic wave drag
|
|
|
|Low laser beam energy levels ensuring no warning to target
|}

==Operators==
[[File:9K38 Igla-Slovenia.jpg|thumb|right|In Slovenian service showing storage crates.]]
Igla and Igla-1 SAMs have been exported from the [[former Soviet Union]] to over 30 countries, including [[Angola]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Botswana]], Brazil, [[Bulgaria]], [[Croatia]], [[Cuba]], [[East Germany]], [[Egypt]], [[Hamas]], [[Ecuador]], [[Eritrea]], Finland, Hungary, [[India]], [[Iran]], [[Iraq]], [[Malaysia]], Mexico, [[Morocco]], [[North Korea]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Peru]], Poland, [[Serbia]], [[Singapore]], [[Slovakia]], [[Slovenia]], South Korea, [[Sri Lanka]], [[Thailand]], Turkey, Ukraine, [[United Arab Emirates]], [[Vietnam]] and [[Zimbabwe]]. Several guerrilla and terrorist organizations are also known to have Iglas. Alleged Operatives of the [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] a terrorist organization fighting for a homeland for Tamils in the island of Sri Lanka were arrested in August 2006 by undercover agents of the FBI posing as arms dealers, while trying to purchase the Igla. In 2003 the unit cost was approximately US$60,000–80,000.

Large numbers have been sold to the government of [[Venezuela]], raising United States concerns that they may end up in the hands of Colombian guerrillas.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/11/AR2010121103148.html|access-date=15 December 2010|title=Venezuela acquired 1,800 Russian antiaircraft missiles in '09|date=15 December 2010|quote=leak|newspaper=The Washington Post|first=Juan|last=Forero|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111180011/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/11/AR2010121103148.html|archive-date=11 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> Photo evidence of the truck mounted twin version in service with the Libyan Army emerged in March 2011. 482 Igla-S missiles were imported from Russia in 2004. Some were unaccounted at the end of the civil war and they could have ended up in Iranian inventory.<ref>[http://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/sa-24_grinch_9k338_igla-s_portable_air_defense_missile_system_technical_data_sheet_specifications_uk.html SA-24 Grinch 9K338 Igla-s portable air defense missile system technical data sheet specifications UK] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820170955/http://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/sa-24_grinch_9k338_igla-s_portable_air_defense_missile_system_technical_data_sheet_specifications_uk.html |date=20 August 2011}}. Army Recognition (23 March 2011). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/8782103/Iran-steals-surface-to-air-missiles-from-Libya.html |location=London |work=The Daily Telegraph |first=Con |last=Coughlin |title=Iran 'steals surface-to-air missiles from Libya' |date=22 September 2011 |access-date=2 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126002029/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/8782103/Iran-steals-surface-to-air-missiles-from-Libya.html |archive-date=26 January 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0907/The-deadly-dilemma-of-Libya-s-missing-weapons The deadly dilemma of Libya's missing weapons] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203165401/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0907/The-deadly-dilemma-of-Libya-s-missing-weapons |date=3 December 2011}}. ''Christian Science Monitor'' (7 September 2011). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref> Israeli officials say Igla-S systems were looted from Libyan warehouses in 2011 and transported by Iranians through Sudan and turned over to militants in Gaza and Lebanon.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_08_13_2012_p51-481846.xml&p=3 |title=Israel's Long Reach Exploits Unmanned Aircraft |first=David |last=Fulghum |newspaper=Aviation Week & Space Technology |date=13 August 2012 |access-date=1 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518221934/http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_08_13_2012_p51-481846.xml&p=3 |archive-date=18 May 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Igla-1 (SA-16)==
[[File:SA-16 operators.png|thumb|upright=1.35|SA-16 operators {{legend|#0a57c0|Current}}{{legend|#dc0023|Former}}]]

===Current operators===
[[File:9k38 Igla voilkh stya'Mercedes-Benz Unimog angsxhtoilya Vohskteinggesxhtieur Mexirhkyoth.jpg|thumb|right|170px|Mexican Marines manning a Russian 9K38 Igla [[surface-to-air missile]] (SAM) dual missile launch platform mounted on a [[Mercedes-Benz Unimog]] truck of the [[Mexican Navy]] in 2009]]
{{div col}}
* {{flagicon image|AQMI Flag asymmetric.svg}} [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]]<ref name ="guid"/>
* {{ANG}}{{sfn|The Military Balance 2021|p=448|}}
* {{ARM}}<ref name="IISS2022">{{cite book |publisher=Routledge; [[International Institute for Strategic Studies]] |title=The Military Balance 2022 |date=2022 |location=Abingdon, Oxon |isbn=978-1032279008 |editor-first = James | editor-last = Hackett }}</ref>{{rp|182}}
* {{AZE}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|183}}
* {{BIH}}:<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|90}} 20 pieces.{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{BOT}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=29364:botswana&catid=119:african-militaries&Itemid=255|title=Botswana - defenceWeb|first=Guy|last=Martin|website=www.defenceweb.co.za|date=7 February 2013 |access-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721221806/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=29364:botswana&catid=119:african-militaries&Itemid=255|archive-date=21 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{BUL}}: Produced locally by [[VMZ Sopot]].{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=82|}}
* {{CHA}}{{sfn|The Military Balance 2021|p=457|}}
* {{CRO}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|93}}
* {{CUB}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|410}} 
* {{ECU}}{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{ETH}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|470}} 
* {{GEO}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|187}}
* {{HUN}}{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} [[Hezbollah]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://defense-watch.com/2017/04/20/hezbolla-fighter-spotted-sa-16-manpad-lebanon/ |title=Hezbolla fighter spotted with SA-16 MANPAD in Lebanon |access-date=2017-04-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421194455/http://defense-watch.com/2017/04/20/hezbolla-fighter-spotted-sa-16-manpad-lebanon/ |archive-date=21 April 2017}}</ref>
* {{IRN}}{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{IRQ}}{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=83|}}
* {{flag|Kazakhstan}}<ref name='SAS 2012 4'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-04-EN.pdf|chapter=Blue Skies and Dark Clouds: Kazakhstan and Small Arms|title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2012|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|page=131|isbn=978-0-521-19714-4|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|archive-date=31 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Kurdistan Workers' Party.svg}} [[Kurdistan Workers' Party]] (PKK)<ref name="EDAM 2012">{{cite web |url=https://edam.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/EN-72021-Final-YPG-PKK-Envanter.pdf |website=edam.org.tr |title=In the Shadow of Guns: Armament Trends of the PKK & YPG Terrorist Network |first1=Dr. Can |last1=((Kasapo&gbreve;lu)) |first2=Sinan |last2=((&Uuml;lgen))
|access-date=17 Aug 2024 |page=5 |date=July 2021}}</ref>
*{{flag|Malaysia}}: 40 Djigit launchers, 382 MANPADS bought in 2002{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=87|}}
* {{MEX}}{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{PRK}}: Locally produced.{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=82|}}
* {{MKD}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|127}}
* {{MMR}}: Licensed production since 2004. According to Arms Trade RTF by [[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]], 1,000 SA-16 have been produced as of 2014.<ref name="SIPRI">{{cite web|url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php|title=SIPRI Trade Register|publisher=[[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]]}}</ref>
* {{PER}}: SA-16. Upgrades/improvements by Diseños Casanave.<ref>{{cite web |title=OPTIMIZACIÓN DE COHETES Y MISILES |url=http://www.discasanave.com/productos-militares/optimizacion-de-cohetes-y-misiles |publisher=DISEÑOS CASANAVE CORPORATION S.A.C. |access-date=4 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816154534/http://www.discasanave.com/productos-militares/optimizacion-de-cohetes-y-misiles |archive-date=16 August 2018}}</ref>
* {{ROU}}: Igla-1M for marine forces and on Delfinul submarine.{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{RUS}}<ref name="IISS2023">{{cite book |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=The Military Balance 2023 |date=15 February 2023 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1032508955 |edition=1st |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies }}</ref>{{rp|186}}
* {{SRB}}<ref name="IISS2022"></ref>{{rp|142}}
* {{SRI}}: provided by India in 2007, 54 operational as of 2020<ref>{{cite news |title=341 Indra Radar Spares worth LKR 200 million gifted by India |url=http://www.newswire.lk/2021/01/17/341-indra-radar-spares-worth-lkr-200-million-gifted-by-india/ |access-date=17 January 2021 |publisher=newswire.lk}}</ref>
*{{flag|Singapore}}: Produced under license.<ref name='SAS 2004'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2004.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2004/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2004-Chapter-03-EN.pdf|chapter=Big Issue, Big Problem?: MANPADS|title=Small Arms Survey 2004: Rights at Risk|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2004|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|pages=81|ref={{harvid|Small Arms Survey 2004}}|access-date=29 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830004903/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2004.html|archive-date=30 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{KOR}}: Received as debt payment from Russia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Trade Registers |url=https://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |website=Stockholm International Peace Research Institute |access-date=21 May 2023}}</ref>
*{{flag|South Sudan}}<ref>Military Balance 2017</ref>
* [[Tigray Defense Forces]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitzer |first1=Stijn |last2=Oliemans |first2=Joost |title=The Tigray Defence Forces - Documenting Its Heavy Weaponry |url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2021/09/the-tigray-defence-forces-documenting.html |website=Oryx Blog |date=1 September 2021}}</ref>
*{{flag|Transnistria}}{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{UKR}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://x.com/i/status/1910223261582925987 |access-date=10 April 2025|title=NOELREPORTS 🇪🇺 🇺🇦 on X: 'A Ukrainian air defense soldier from the 47th Separate Mechanized Brigade successfully intercepted a Shahed drone using the Igla MANPADS / X}}</ref>
* {{UAE}}{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{VIE}} Produce under license.<ref name='SAS 2004' /> 48 launchers supplied in 2001–2002.{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=87|}}
** {{flagicon image|Ensign of Vietnam People's Navy.svg}} [[Vietnam People's Navy]] (400 missiles)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://soha.vn/quan-su/thong-ke-hop-dong-mua-sam-dan-duoc-cua-viet-nam-20130609212532498.htm|title=Thống kê hợp đồng mua sắm đạn dược của Việt Nam|date=9 June 2013 |access-date=14 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028013130/http://soha.vn/quan-su/thong-ke-hop-dong-mua-sam-dan-duoc-cua-viet-nam-20130609212532498.htm|archive-date=28 October 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

===Former operators===
[[File:9K38 Igla launch tubes.jpg|thumb|Sri Lankan Army captured a number of 9K38 Igla launch tubes from the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, and these were used by the LTTE to target Sri Lankan Air Force aircraft on several occasions. Today, these captured launch tubes are displayed at the Sri Lanka Air Force Museum.]]
* {{FIN}}: known as '''ItO 86'''; former operator.
* {{GDR}}: Received around 1988–1989, passed on to successor states.
* {{USSR}}: Passed on to successor states.
* {{flagicon image|Flag of UNITA.svg}} [[UNITA]]<ref name="guid">{{cite web|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/M-files/Armed%20groups'%20guided%20missiles%20-%20March%20update.pdf|title=Guided light weapons reportedly held by non-state armed groups 1998-2013|publisher=Small Arms Survey|date=March 2013|access-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818055508/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/M-files/Armed%20groups'%20guided%20missiles%20-%20March%20update.pdf|archive-date=18 August 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Islamic Courts Union.svg}} [[Islamic Courts Union]]<ref name="guid" />
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Tamil Eelam.svg}} [[Tamil Eelam]]- [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]]{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=89}}

===Evaluation-only operators===
* {{POL}}: It was planned to implement the production of the 9K310 Igla-1E at the [[Mesko]] plant. Due to the political changes and the lack of transfer of some documentation by the Soviet side, it was decided to develop its own systems of a portable anti-aircraft missile launcher called [[PZR Grom|Grom]] and later [[Piorun_(missile)|Piorun]].{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=82}}

==Igla (SA-18)==
[[File:SA-18 operators.png|thumb|upright=1.35|SA-18 operators {{legend|#0a57c0|Current}}{{legend|#dc0023|Former}}]]

===Current operators===
{{div col}}
* {{ARM}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|172}}
* {{BLR}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{BRA}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|384}}
* {{BUL}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{CUB}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{ECU}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|397}}
* {{EGY}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|321}}
* {{ERI}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{GEO}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=715|title=SA-16 (Gimlet) / 9K310 Igla-1 Man-Portable, Shoulder-Launched Anti-Aircraft Missile System - Soviet Union|access-date=2 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203064300/https://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=715|archive-date=3 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{HUN}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{IDN}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{IND}}: 2,500 launchers supplied in 2001–2002{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=87}}
* {{IRN}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{JOR}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|334}}
* {{KAZ}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Kurdistan Workers' Party.svg}} [[Kurdistan Workers' Party]] (PKK)<ref name="EDAM 2012"/>
* {{MKD}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{MMR}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{MYS}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|271}}
* {{MEX}}: 50 launchers supplied in 2002.{{sfn|Small Arms Survey 2004|p=87}} Used by the Marines.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|406}}
* {{MAR}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|344}}
* {{MNG}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{PER}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{flag|Philippines}} - [[Presidential Security Group]]
* {{RUS}}: Used by Ground Forces and Airborne Forces.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|186;192}}
* {{SIN}}
** [[Republic of Singapore Air Force]]<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|288}}
* {{SVK}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{SLO}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{SRB}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{SRI}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{SYR}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|355}}
* {{THA}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{TKM}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|200}}
* {{UAE}}: Used by air defence units.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|361}}
* {{UKR}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|202}}
* {{VIE}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|299}}
* {{ZIM}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
{{div col end}}

===Former operators===
* {{FIN}}: Known as '''ItO-86M'''; former operator
* {{USSR}}: Passed on to successor states
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Jihad.svg}} [[Hizbul Islam]]<ref name ='SAS 2008 1'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2008.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2008/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2008-Chapter-01-EN.pdf|chapter=Light Weapons: Products, Producers, and Proliferation|title=Small Arms Survey 2008: Risk and Resilience|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2008|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|page=13|isbn=978-0-521-88040-4|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830174225/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2008.html|archive-date=30 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Evaluation-only operators===
* {{TUR}}: Bought 40 launchers for evaluation by [[ASELSAN]] SAM launch system.<ref>{{cite web |title=Missile-IGLA Launching System {{!}} ASELSAN |url=https://www.aselsan.com.tr/en/capabilities/air-and-missile-defense-systems/air-and-missile-defense-systems/missileigla-launching-system |website=www.aselsan.com.tr |access-date=4 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rostec.ru/en/news/4516471/|title = Russia and Turkey have tested a jointly produced air defense system}}</ref>

==Igla-S (SA-24)==
[[File:SA-24 operators.png|thumb|upright=1.35|SA-24 operators {{legend|#0a57c0|Current}}]]

===Current operators===
* {{ARM}}: 200 missiles.<ref name="SIPRI2">[http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php ''Stockholm International Peace Research Institute – Trade Register''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |date=13 May 2011}}, entries for Armenia 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2015.</ref> Received more as of 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/world/1014422|title=Armenia receives $200mln worth of weapons from Russia|agency=TASS|access-date=24 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724213739/http://tass.com/world/1014422|archive-date=24 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{AZE}}: 300 launchers with 1,500 missiles.<ref>[http://en.apa.az/xeber_list_of_weapons_and_military_vehicles_so_195014.html APA – List of weapons and military vehicles sold by Russia to Azerbaijan last year publicized] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622082017/http://en.apa.az/xeber_list_of_weapons_and_military_vehicles_so_195014.html |date=22 June 2013}}. En.apa.az (19 June 2013). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref>
* {{BHR}}: Reported usage.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|318}}
* {{BRA}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|384}}
* {{EGY}}: Reported usage.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|321}}
* {{IND}}: Over 48 launchers and 316 missiles.
** '''First order (2021):''' Order for 24 missile launchers and 216 missiles placed in 2021 under Emergency Procurement. All delivered in April 2023.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Deshpande |first=Smruti |date=2024-04-08 |title=India receives fresh batch of Igla-S air defence system from Russia, to be deployed at LAC |url=https://theprint.in/defence/india-receives-fresh-batch-of-igla-s-air-defence-system-from-russia-to-be-deployed-at-lac/2031688/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408084013/https://theprint.in/defence/india-receives-fresh-batch-of-igla-s-air-defence-system-from-russia-to-be-deployed-at-lac/2031688/ |archive-date=8 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-15 |title=What is Igla-S, the Portable Air Defence System India is Procuring to Attack Low-flying Aircraft |url=https://www.news18.com/explainers/what-is-igla-s-the-portable-air-defence-system-india-is-procuring-to-attack-low-flying-aircraft-8662933.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408084013/https://www.news18.com/explainers/what-is-igla-s-the-portable-air-defence-system-india-is-procuring-to-attack-low-flying-aircraft-8662933.html |archive-date=8 April 2024 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
** '''Second order (2023):''' Another contract for 120 launchers and 400 missiles placed in November 2023.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-04-08 |title=Indian Army gets portable Igla-S Air defence system; Here's all about next-gen missiles to be deployed at China, Pakistan borders |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indian-army-gets-portable-igla-s-air-defence-system-heres-all-about-next-gen-missiles-to-be-deployed-at-china-pakistan-borders/articleshow/109133759.cms |access-date=2025-05-05 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> From second batch onwards, the system is to be assembled in India by [[Adani Enterprises#Adani Defence & Aerospace|Adani Defence Systems And Technologies Limited]] (ADSTL) after [[Transfer of technology|ToT]] from [[Rosoboronexport]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2024-05-15 |title=Army set to receive Igla-S air defence systems partly assembled in India |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/army-set-to-receive-igla-s-air-defence-systems-partly-assembled-in-india/article68179544.ece |access-date=2025-05-05 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
*** First batch of 24 launchers and 100 missiles delivered in April 2024.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Igla-S air defence system: Indian Army gets portable Igla-S Air defence system; Here's all about next-gen missiles to be deployed at China, Pakistan borders - The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indian-army-gets-portable-igla-s-air-defence-system-heres-all-about-next-gen-missiles-to-be-deployed-at-china-pakistan-borders/articleshow/109133759.cms |access-date=2024-04-09 |website=The Economic Times|date=8 April 2024 }}</ref>
*** Second batch delivered in April 2025.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dubey |first=Ajit |date=2025-05-04 |title=Indian Army receives new supplies of Russian-origin Igla-S shoulder-fired air defence missiles |url=https://aninews.in/news/national/general-news/indian-army-receives-new-supplies-of-russian-origin-igla-s-shoulder-fired-air-defense-missiles20250504112243/ |access-date=2025-05-05 |work=[[Asian News International|ANI]]}}</ref>
* {{IRN}}: Reported usage.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|325}}
* {{IRQ}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|329}}
* {{JOR}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|334}}
* {{LBA}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|341}}
* {{MYA}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* {{flagicon image|AQMI Flag asymmetric.svg}} [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]] [[Sinai Province]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/R43612.pdf|title=The Islamic State and U.S. Policy|publisher=Congressional Research Service|date=February 2, 2017|first1=Christopher M.|last1=Blanchard|first2=Carla E.|last2=Humud|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101234656/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/R43612.pdf|archive-date=1 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Qatar}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitzer |first1=Stijn |last2=Oliemans |first2=Joost |title=Qatar's Purchase of BP-12A SRBMs: A Guppy Sprouts Teeth |url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2021/03/qatars-purchase-of-bp-12a-srbms-guppy.html |website=Oryx Blog |date=6 March 2021}}</ref>
* {{RUS}}: Used by ground units, marine units, and airborne units.<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|186;190;192}}<ref>{{cite web | title=Зенитчики ЦВО в Поволжье получили на вооружение крупную партию модернизированных ПЗРК " Игла " | website=«Арсенал» - Энциклопедия военной техники | url=https://topgun.rin.ru/news/102144/Zenitchiki-CVO-v-Povolzh-e-poluchili-na-vooruzhenie-krupnuju-partiju-modernizirovannyh-PZRK-Igla.html | language=ru | ref={{sfnref | «Арсенал» - Энциклопедия военной техники}} | access-date=2024-04-16}}</ref>
* {{SLO}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|132}}
* {{SUD}}: Mounted on [[Toyota]] Pickups.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2023/04/from-conflict-to-conflict-sudans.html|title=From Conflict To Conflict: Sudan's Fighting Vehicles|accessdate=7 May 2023}}</ref>
* {{SYR}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|355}}
* {{flagicon|Syria|1932}} [[Syrian rebels]]: Photo evidence of SA-24 MANPADS (man-portable) in the possession of Syrian rebels was first reported on 13 November 2012. "As far as I know, this is the first SA-24 Manpads ever photographed outside of state control", said one expert.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/13/possible-score-for-syrian-rebels-pictures-show-advanced-missile-systems/?smid=tw-share |title=Possible Score for Syrian Rebels: Pictures Show Advanced Missile Systems |work=[[The New York Times]] |author=Chivers, C.J. |date=13 November 2012 |access-date=15 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524140441/http://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/13/possible-score-for-syrian-rebels-pictures-show-advanced-missile-systems/?smid=tw-share |archive-date=24 May 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{THA}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0714/122063566/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / ВМС Таиланда получат ЗРК ближнего действия|website=armstrade.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2022/1011/121569855/detail.shtml | title=ЦАМТО / / ВМС Таиланда получили ЗРК FK-3 и ОПУ «Джигит» с ПЗРК «Игла-С» }}</ref><ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|295}}
* {{VEN}}<ref name="IISS2023"/>{{rp|419}}
* {{VIE}}: locally assembled and confirmed to be localized (named as Project KC-I), a model designated as TL-01 is suspected to be an indigenous derivative of the Igla-S.<ref>[http://www.baodatviet.vn/hinh-anh/201303/Ke-huy-diet-truc-thang-cua-Phong-khong-Viet-Nam-2343207/?p=11 'Kẻ hủy diệt' trực thăng của Phòng không Việt Nam – 'Ke huy diet' truc thang cua Phong khong Viet Nam – DVO – Báo Đất Việt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317102047/http://www.baodatviet.vn/hinh-anh/201303/Ke-huy-diet-truc-thang-cua-Phong-khong-Viet-Nam-2343207/?p=11 |date=17 March 2013}}. Baodatviet.vn (14 March 2013). Retrieved on 2017-01-06.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Việt Nam chế tạo thành công linh kiện tên lửa vác vai Igla|url=https://infonet.vietnamnet.vn/quan-su/viet-nam-che-tao-thanh-cong-linh-kien-ten-lua-vac-vai-igla-232260.html|access-date=2022-01-06|website=VietNamNet|language=vi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dấu ấn trong lĩnh vực khoa học kỹ thuật và công nghệ quân sự|url=http://truyenthongkhoahoc.vn/vn/Dau-an-trong-linh-vuc-khoa-hoc-ky-thuat-va-cong-nghe-quan-su-c1045/Dau-an-trong-linh-vuc-khoa-hoc-ky-thuat-va-cong-nghe-quan-su-n8437|access-date=2022-01-06|website=truyenthongkhoahoc.vn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Viện Thuốc phóng - Thuốc nổ đẩy mạnh thực hiện giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng công tác|url=http://m.tapchiqptd.vn/vi/tong-ket-thuc-tien-va-kinh-nghiem/vien-thuoc-phong-thuoc-no-day-manh-thuc-hien-giai-phap-nang-cao-chat-luong-cong-tac-11270.html|access-date=2022-01-06|website=m.tapchiqptd.vn}}</ref>

===Potential operators===
{{flag|Argentina}}: [[Russia]] offered the Igla-S to the [[Argentine Military]] as part of a bigger deal to modernize Argentina Air Defence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zona-militar.com/2021/02/04/como-son-los-sistemas-de-defensa-aerea-que-ofrece-rusia/|title=¿Como son los sistemas de defensa aérea que ofrece Rusia?|date=4 February 2021}}</ref>

===Failed bids===
* {{flag|Finland}}: Newer models were offered to the Finnish Army to replace older models in service, but American [[FIM-92 Stinger]] was selected instead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dziennikzbrojny.pl/aktualnosci/news,2,6123,aktualnosci-z-europy,gromy-nie-dla-finlandii|title=Gromy nie dla Finlandii - DziennikZbrojny.pl|access-date=28 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828144609/http://dziennikzbrojny.pl/aktualnosci/news,2,6123,aktualnosci-z-europy,gromy-nie-dla-finlandii|archive-date=28 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Other uses==
* The [[GLL-8 (Gll-VK) Igla]] is a recent [[Scramjet Programs#Russia|Russian scramjet project]] conducted by [[TsIAM]].

==See also==
* [[List of Russian weaponry]]
* {{lwc|Anza (missile)|Anza}}
* {{lwc|Misagh-2}}
* {{lwc|RBS 70}}
* {{lwc|Starstreak}}
* {{lwc|Mistral (missile)|Mistral}}

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

* {{cite book|title=The Military Balance 2021|date=February 2021|volume=121|isbn=9781032012278|publisher=Routledge|ref={{harvid|The Military Balance 2021}}|author=International Institute for Strategic Studies|author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.armyrecognition.com/military-products/navy/weapons-systems/missiles/gibka-3m-47 Gibka 3M-47 naval turret mount, air defense missile system on armyrecognition.com]
* [https://armyrecognition.com/military-products/army/air-defense-systems/man-portable-air-defense-systems/sa-18-grouse-9k38-igla-russia-uk SA-18 Igla 9K38 man-portable air defence missile system on armyrecognition.com]

{{Russian and Soviet missiles|SAM}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:9k38 Igla}}
[[Category:Surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union|9K38]]
[[Category:KB Mashinostroyeniya products]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1980s]]