View source for 617 Patroclus

{{Short description|Jupiter trojan asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox planet
 | minorplanet     = yes
 | name            = 617 Patroclus
 | background      = #C2FFFF
 | image           = 617 Patroclus Hubble.jpg
 | image_scale      =
 | caption         = [[Hubble Space Telescope]] image composite of Patroclus and its companion Menoetius, taken in 2018
 | discovery_ref   = <ref name="MPC-object" />
 | discovered      = 17 October 1906
 | discoverer      = [[August Kopff|A. Kopff]]
 | discovery_site  = [[Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory|Heidelberg Obs.]]
 | mpc_name        = (617) Patroclus
 | alt_names       = 1906 VY{{·}}1941 XC<br />1962 NB
 | pronounced      = {{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|t|r|oʊ|k|l|ə|s}}<ref name=pron>{{dict.com|Patroclus}}</ref>
 | named_after     = [[Patroclus|Πάτροκλος]] ''Patroklos''<br />{{small|([[Greek mythology]])}}<ref name="springer" />
 | mp_category     = [[Jupiter trojan]]<ref name="MPC-object" /><ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{nowrap|[[Trojan camp|Trojan]]<ref name="MPC-Jupiter-Trojans" /><ref name="AstDys-object" />{{·}}[[Background asteroid|background]]<ref name="AstDys-object" />}}
 | adjectives       = Patroclean {{IPAc-en|p|æ|t|r|ə|ˈ|k|l|iː|ə|n}}<ref>Riggs (1972) ''The Christian poet in Paradise lost''</ref>
 | orbit_ref       = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | epoch           = 25 February 2023 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2460000.5)
 | uncertainty     = 0
 | aphelion        = 5.937 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
 | perihelion      = 4.480 AU
 | semimajor       = 5.209 AU
 | eccentricity    = 0.1399
 | period          = 11.89 yr (4,342 d)
 | mean_anomaly    = 319.506[[Degree (angle)|°]]
 | mean_motion     = {{Deg2DMS|0.0829068|sup=ms}} / day
 | inclination     = 22.062°
 | asc_node        = 44.360°
 | arg_peri        = 308.306°
 | jupiter_moid    = 0.1868 AU
 | tisserand       = 2.835
 | satellites      = 1 (Menoetius)<ref name="johnstonsarchive" />
 | dimensions      = {{val|127|x|117|x|98|ul=km}} {{small|(primary only)}}<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | mean_diameter   = {{val|113|3|u=km}} {{small|(primary only)}}<ref name="Buie-2015" /><br />{{val|140.36|0.87|ul=km}}<ref name="Grav-2012" /><br />{{val|140.85|3.37|u=km}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|140.92|4.7|u=km}}<ref name="SIMPS" /><br />{{val|143.14|8.37|u=km}}<ref name="Carry-2012" /><br />{{val|154|u=km}}<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | mass            = {{val|1.36|0.11|e=18|ul=kg}}<ref name="Carry-2012" /><br />{{val|1.20|e=18|u=kg}}<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | volume          = {{val|1.36|e=6|u=km3}}<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | density         = {{val|0.88|0.17|u=g/cm3}}<ref name="Carry-2012" /><ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | rotation        = {{val|102.8|u=h}}<ref name="Marchis-2006a" /><br />{{val|102|u=h}}<ref name="geneva-obs" /><br />{{val|103.02|0.40|u=h}}<ref name="Mueller-2010" /><br />{{val|103.5|0.3|u=h}}<ref name="Oey-2012c" />
 | albedo          = {{val|0.047|0.003}}<ref name="Grav-2012" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="SIMPS" />
 | spectral_type   = [[D-type asteroid|D]] {{small|([[Tholen classification|Tholen]])}}<ref name="Ferret" /><br />[[C-type asteroid|C]]0 {{small|(Barucci)}}<ref name="Ferret" /><br />[[D-type asteroid|D]] {{small|(Tedesco)}}<ref name="Ferret" /><br />[[Asteroid color indices|U–B]] {{=}} {{val|0.215|0.045}}<ref name="Ferret" /><br />[[Asteroid color indices|B–V]] {{=}} {{val|0.710|0.050}}<ref name="Chatelain-2016" /><br />[[Asteroid color indices|V–R]] {{=}} {{val|0.420|0.030}}<ref name="Chatelain-2016" /><br />[[Asteroid color indices|V–I]] {{=}} {{val|0.830|0.020}}<ref name="Chatelain-2016" />
 | abs_magnitude   = 8.18<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="Grav-2012" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="lcdb" />
}}

'''617 Patroclus''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|t|r|oʊ|k|l|ə|s}} {{Respell|pə|TROH|kləs}}) is a large binary [[Jupiter trojan]] asteroid. It is a dark [[D-type asteroid]] and a [[List of slow rotators (minor planets)|slow rotator]], due to the 103-hour orbital period of its two components. It is one of five Jupiter trojan asteroids targeted by the ''[[Lucy (spacecraft)|Lucy]]'' space probe, and is scheduled for a [[flyby (spaceflight)|flyby]] in 2033.

Patroclus was discovered on 17 October 1906, by astronomer [[August Kopff]] at the [[Heidelberg Observatory]] in Germany, and was named after [[Patroclus]] in Greek mythology.<ref name="MPC-object" /> It was the second trojan to be discovered and the only member of the [[Trojan camp]] named after a Greek figure, as the convention of naming one 'camp' after Greek figures of the Trojan War and the other after Trojan figures had not yet been established.<ref name="springer" />

Patroclus was long thought to be one of the [[617 Patroclus#Diameter and albedo|largest Jupiter trojans]], with a diameter on the order of 150&nbsp;km. However, in 2001 it was discovered to be a [[binary asteroid]] of two similarly sized objects. The name ''Patroclus'' is now assigned to the larger component, some 110&ndash;115&nbsp;km in diameter, while the secondary, slightly smaller at 100&ndash;105&nbsp;km in diameter, has been named Menoetius ({{IPAc-en|m|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ʃ|ə|s}} {{Respell|mə|NEE|shəs}}).{{efn|name=Diameters}} This was the first discovery of a binary trojan asteroid.<ref name="johnstonsarchive" />

== Orbit ==

Patroclus orbits in Jupiter's trailing [[Lagrangian point]], {{L5}},<ref name="johnstonsarchive" /> in an area called the [[Trojan camp]] after one of the sides in the legendary [[Trojan War]] (the other node, at the {{L4|pt=yes}}, is called the "Greek camp").

It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.5–5.9&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 11 years and 11 months (4,353 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.14 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 22[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" /> The asteroid's [[observation arc]] begins at the discovering Heidelberg Observatory in November 1906, about 3 weeks after its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Binary system ==
[[File:Patroclus-Menoetius-orbit.gif|thumb|left|Hubble images of Patroclus and Menoetius orbiting each other, from May to June 2017]]
[[File:PatroclusMenoetius-binary.gif|thumb|left|Artist's conception of Patroclus and Menoetius orbiting around their center of mass, occasionally eclipsing one another]]
[[File:PatroclusMenoetius-artists-impression.png|thumb|left|Artist's impression of the Patroclus-Menoetius binary system]]
{{Infobox planet
 | minorplanet     = yes
 | name            = Menoetius
 | background      = 
 | image           = File:617PatroclusMenoetius20131021.jpg
 | image_scale      =
 | caption         = Plot of the results of the multi-chord stellar occultation by 617 Patroclus and Menoetius
 | discovery_ref   = 
 | discovered      = 2001
 | discoverer      = 
 | discovery_site  = 
 | mpc_name        = 
 | alt_names       = 
 | pronounced      = {{IPAc-en|m|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ʃ|ə|s}}
 | named_after     = [[Menoetius]] {{small|([[Greek mythology]])}}
 | mp_category     = 
 | adjectives       = Menoetian {{IPAc-en|m|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|ʃ|ə|n}}<ref>Redfield (1994) ''Nature and culture in the Iliad: the tragedy of Hector''</ref>)
 | satellite_of    = Patroclus
 | orbit_ref       = 
 | epoch           = 
 | uncertainty     = 
 | observation_arc = 
 | aphelion        = 
 | perihelion      = 
 | semimajor       = {{val|680|20|u=km}}<ref name="johnstonsarchive" /><br />664.6&nbsp;km<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | eccentricity    = 
 | period          = {{val|102.8|u=h}}
 | mean_anomaly    = 
 | mean_motion     = 
 | inclination     = 
 | dimensions      = {{val|117|x|108|x|90|u=km}}<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | mean_diameter   = {{val|104|3|u=km}}<ref name="Buie-2015" />
 | mass            = 
 | volume          = 
 | density         = 
 | rotation        = 
 | albedo          = 
 | spectral_type   = 
 | abs_magnitude   = 
}}

In 2001, it was discovered that Patroclus is a [[binary asteroid|binary system]], made up of two components of roughly similar size.<ref name="johnstonsarchive" /><ref name="Merline">{{Citation| last=Merline| first=W. J.| year=2001| url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07700/07741.html| title=IAUC 7741: 2001fc; S/2001 (617) 1; C/2001 T1, C/2001 T2}}</ref><ref name="IAU-list">{{cite web|date=2009-09-17 |title=Satellites and Companions of Minor Planets |publisher=IAU / [[Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams|CBAT]] |url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/minorsats.html |access-date=2011-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121153650/http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/minorsats.html |archive-date=2011-01-21 }}</ref> It is one of six Trojan asteroids [[Minor-planet moon#Jupiter trojans|believed to be binary]]. In 2006, accurate measurements of the orbit from the [[Keck telescopes|Keck]] [[Laser guide star]] [[adaptive optics]] system were reported.<ref name="Marchis2006" />

It was estimated<ref name="Sanders">{{Citation| last=Sanders| first=Robert| year=2006| url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2006/02/01_patroclus.shtml| title=Binary asteroid in Jupiter's orbit may be icy comet from solar system's infancy| publisher=[[University of California, Berkeley]]}}</ref> that the two components orbit around their [[center of mass]] in {{val|4.283|0.004}} days at a distance of {{val|680|20|u=km}} in a roughly circular orbit.<ref name="johnstonsarchive" /> Combining these observations with thermal measurements taken in 2000, the sizes of the components of the system were estimated at 106&nbsp;km and 98&nbsp;km, with an equivalent whole-system diameter of 145&nbsp;km,<ref name="johnstonsarchive" /> refined by later measurements from the Keck Observatory to approximately 122&nbsp;km and 112&nbsp;km for each partner,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://franckmarchis.com/trojan-binary-asteroid-patroclus-menoetius/ |title=Trojan Binary Asteroid – Patroclus & Menoetius |last=Sanders |first=Robert |work=UC Berkeley |access-date=2017-10-04 }}</ref> and a co-orbital period of {{val|103.5|0.3}} hours ({{val|4.3125|0.0125}} days).<ref name="Marchis2006" /><ref name="Oey-2012c" />

On 21 October 2013, both bodies [[Occultation|occulted]] a [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] 8.8 star as observed by a team of 41 observers stationed across the USA.  Observation data put the orbital distance at the time of 664.6&nbsp;km (with an unstated uncertainty), and give a size for the slightly larger component, which retains the name Patroclus with overall volume equivalent to a {{val|113|3|u=km}}&ndash;diameter sphere, with the smaller component now named Menoetius with a volume equivalent to a {{val|104|3|u=km}}&ndash;diameter sphere.

== Physical characteristics ==

=== Lightcurves ===

Since 1989, several rotational [[lightcurve]]s of Patroclus have been obtained from photometric observations. Analysis of the best rated lightcurves gave a [[rotation period]] between 102.8 and 103.5 hours with a brightness amplitude of less than 0.1 [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2/3/]]}}).<ref name="Marchis-2006a" /><ref name="geneva-obs" /><ref name="Mueller-2010" /><ref name="Oey-2012c" /> A low brightness variation typically indicates that a body has a nearly spheroidal shape. Its long rotation period makes it a [[List of slow rotators (minor planets)|slow rotator]].

=== Diameter and albedo ===

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite [[IRAS]] and NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] with its subsequent [[NEOWISE]] mission, the Patroclus system has an effective combined size between 140.36 and 140.92 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] of 0.047.<ref name="Grav-2012" /><ref name="SIMPS" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0471 and a diameter of 140.92 kilometers based on an [[absolute magnitude]] of 8.19.<ref name="lcdb" />

=== Composition ===

Recent evidence suggests that the objects are icy like [[comet]]s, rather than rocky like most [[asteroid]]s. In the [[Tholen classification]], Patroclus is a dark [[P-type asteroid]].<ref name="lcdb" />

Because the density of the components (0.88 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) is less than water and about one third that of rock, it was suggested that the Patroclus system, previously thought to be a pair of rocky [[asteroid]]s, is more similar to a [[comet]] in composition.<ref name="Marchis2006">{{Cite journal | last1 = Marchis | first1 = F. | last2 = Hestroffer | first2 = D. | author1-link = Franck Marchis| last3 = Descamps | first3 = P. | last4 = Berthier | first4 = J. R. M. | last5 = Bouchez | first5 = A. H. | last6 = Campbell | first6 = R. D. | last7 = Chin | first7 = J. C. Y. | last8 = Van Dam | first8 = M. A. | last9 = Hartman | first9 = S. K. | last10 = Johansson | first10 = E. M. | last11 = Lafon | first11 = R. E. | last12 = Le Mignant | first12 = D. L. | last13 = De Pater | first13 = I. | last14 = Stomski | first14 = P. J. | last15 = Summers | first15 = D. M. | last16 = Vachier | first16 = F. D. R. | last17 = Wizinovich | first17 = P. L. | last18 = Wong | first18 = M. H. | title = A low density of 0.8 g cm-3 for the Trojan binary asteroid 617 Patroclus | doi = 10.1038/nature04350 | journal = Nature | volume = 439 | issue = 7076 | pages = 565–567 | date = 2006-02-02| pmid = 16452974|arxiv = astro-ph/0602033 |bibcode = 2006Natur.439..565M | s2cid = 4416425 }}</ref> It is suspected that many Jupiter trojans are in fact small [[planetesimal]]s captured in the Lagrange point of  the Jupiter–Sun system during the [[Nice model|migration]] of the [[gas giant|giant planet]]s 3.9 billion years ago. This scenario was proposed by A. Morbidelli and colleagues in a series of articles published in  May 2005 in ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]''.<ref name="Morbidelli2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Morbidelli | first1 = A. | last2 = Levison | first2 = H. F. | last3 = Tsiganis | first3 = K. | last4 = Gomes | first4 = R. | title = Chaotic capture of Jupiter's Trojan asteroids in the early Solar System | doi = 10.1038/nature03540 | journal = Nature | volume = 435 | issue = 7041 | pages = 462–465 | date = 2005-05-26| pmid = 15917801|bibcode = 2005Natur.435..462M | s2cid = 4373366 }}</ref>

== Exploration ==
[[File:Animation of Lucy's trajectory around Sun.gif|thumb|left|Animation of Lucy's trajectory around Sun<br />{{legend2| Magenta |Lucy}}{{·}}{{legend2| yellow| Sun}}{{·}}{{legend2| RoyalBlue| Earth}}{{·}}{{legend2| Lime| 52246 Donaldjohanson }}{{·}}{{legend2| Cyan|3548 Eurybates}}{{·}}{{legend2| Gold| 21900 Orus}}{{·}}{{legend2| Orangered| 617 Patroclus}}]]
[[File:Lucy-PatroclusMenoetius-art.png|thumb|left|Artist's impression of the ''[[Lucy (spacecraft)|Lucy]]'' spacecraft flying past the Patroclus-Menoetius system]]
The Patroclus–Menoetius system is a scheduled target for ''[[Lucy (spacecraft)|Lucy]]'', a flyby mission to multiple asteroids, mostly [[Jupiter trojans]].<ref name="Lucy-announcement">{{cite news |last1=Dreier |first1=Casey |last2=Lakdawalla |first2=Emily |url=http://www.planetary.org/blogs/casey-dreier/2015/09301336-discovery-downselect.html |title=NASA announces five Discovery proposals selected for further study |work=The Planetary Society |date=30 September 2015 |access-date=2015-10-01 }}</ref>

== Name ==
{{See also|Patroclus#Pronunciation}}
This [[minor planet]] was named after the legendary Greek hero [[Patroclus]]. Friend of [[Achilles]], he was killed by [[Hector]] during the [[Trojan War]]. (See [[588 Achilles]] and [[624 Hektor]].) The name was proposed by Austrian astronomer [[Johann Palisa]]. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''[[The Names of the Minor Planets]]'' by [[Paul Herget]] in 1955 ({{small|[[Herget's discovery circumstances|H 65]]}}).<ref name="springer" />

In Greek and thus in Latin, ''Patroclus'' has all short vowels. Thus the expected English pronunciation would be with stress on the 'a', *{{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|æ|t|r|ə|k|l|ə|s}}. However, [[Alexander Pope]] shifted the stress to the first 'o', {{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|t|r|oʊ|k|l|ə|s}}, a convention from Latin poetry,{{efn|This poetic exception to normal Latin stress assignment is used for metrical convenience in Latin, and Pope retained it in his English translation. It is available when the final syllable starts with a sequence of two consonants, the first a [[plosive]] (a ''b c d g p'' or ''t'') and the second a [[liquid consonant|liquid]] (an ''l'' or an ''r'').}} for metrical convenience in his verse translation of Homer, and this irregular pronunciation has become established in English.<ref name=pron>{{dict.com|Patroclus}}</ref>

The satellite Menoetius ({{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|n|iː|ʃ|ə|s}} {{Respell|mə|NEE|shəs}}; official designation (617) Patroclus I Menoetius) was named after the legendary father of Patroclus. It was previously known by the [[provisional designation]] {{mp|S/2001 (617) 1}}.

Patroclus and Menoetius are the only objects in the Trojan camp to be named after Greek rather than Trojan characters. The naming conventions for the Jupiter trojans were not adopted until after Patroclus was named (similarly, the asteroid [[624 Hektor|Hektor]] is the only Trojan character to appear in the [[Greek camp]]).
{{clear}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist|refs=

{{efn|name=Diameters|1= Buie (2015). Volume equivalent diameters based on derived ellipsods are: Patroclus: 113&nbsp;km and Menoetius: 104&nbsp;km, while for the combined system, a mean-diameter of 154&nbsp;km is given. Measured by [[asteroid occultation]]. Other observations gave a combined diameter of 140 kilometers. Summary figures for (617) Patroclus at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=617%7CPatroclus LCDB].}}

}} <!-- end of notelist -->

== References ==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
  |type       = 2017-06-14 last obs.
  |title      = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 617 Patroclus (1906 VY)
  |url        = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2000617
  |publisher  = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
  |access-date = 13 June 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
  |last       = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
  |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher  = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
  |page       = 62
  |date       = 2007
  |isbn       = 978-3-540-00238-3
  |doi       = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_618 |chapter       = (617) Patroclus }}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
  |title      = 617 Patroclus (1906 VY)
  |work       = Minor Planet Center
  |url        = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=617
  |access-date = 13 June 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-Jupiter-Trojans">{{cite web
  |title      = List of Jupiter Trojans
  |work       = Minor Planet Center
  |date       = 20 August 2016
  |url        = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/JupiterTrojans.html
  |access-date = 11 July 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
  |title      = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (617) Patroclus
  |last       = Behrend |first = Raoul
  |publisher  = Geneva Observatory
  |url        = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page2cou.html#000617
  |access-date = 11 July 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Grav-2012">{{cite journal
  |first1     = T. |last1 = Grav
  |first2     = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
  |first3     = J. M. |last3 = Bauer
  |first4     = J. R. |last4 = Masiero
  |first5     = C. R. |last5 = Nugent
  |date       = November 2012
  |title      = WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy
  |journal    = The Astrophysical Journal
  |volume     = 759
  |issue      = 1
  |page       = 10
  |bibcode    = 2012ApJ...759...49G
  |doi        = 10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49
  |arxiv      = 1209.1549
  |s2cid = 119101711
 }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-6?-source=J/ApJ/759/49/table1&MPC=00617 online catalog])</ref>

<ref name="johnstonsarchive">{{cite web
  |last       = Johnston | first=Wm. Robert
  |date       = 21 September 2014
  |title      =(617) Patroclus and Menoetius
  |work       = johnstonsarchive.net
  |url        = http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-00617.html
  |access-date= 11 July 2017}}</ref>

<!-- Ref not in use
<ref name="Levison-2017">{{Cite journal
  |first1     = H. F. |last1 = Levison
  |first2     = C. |last2 = Olkin
  |first3     = K. S. |last3 = Noll
  |first4     = S. |last4 = Marchi
  |last5 = Lucy Team
  |date       = March 2017
  |title      = Lucy: Surveying the Diversity of the Trojan Asteroids: The Fossils of Planet Formation
  |url        = https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2017/pdf/2025.pdf
  |journal    = 48th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
  |issue = 1964
  |page = 2025
  |bibcode    = 2017LPI....48.2025L
  |access-date= 13 April 2017}}</ref>
Not in use -->

<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web
  |title      = Asteroid (617) Patroclus – Proper elements
  |publisher  = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site
  |url        = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?n=617&pc=1.1.6
  |access-date = 13 June 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
  |title      = Asteroid 617 Patroclus
  |work      = Small Bodies Data Ferret
  |url      = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=617+Patroclus
  |access-date      = 13 June 2018
  |archive-date      = 13 June 2018
  |archive-url      = https://web.archive.org/web/20180613210656/https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=617+Patroclus
  |url-status      = dead
  }}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
  |title      = LCDB Data for (617) Patroclus
  |publisher  = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
  |url        = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=617%7CPatroclus
  |access-date = 11 July 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal
  |first1     = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco
  |first2     = P. V. |last2 = Noah
  |first3     = M. |last3 = Noah
  |first4     = S. D. |last4 = Price
  |date       = October 2004
  |title      = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0
  |url        = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab
  |journal    = NASA Planetary Data System
  |volume = 12
 |pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0
  |bibcode    = 2004PDSS...12.....T
  |access-date= 13 June 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
  |first2     = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
  |first3     = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
  |first4     = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
  |first5     = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
  |first6     = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
  |first7     = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
  |first8     = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
  |first9     = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
  |first10    = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
  |first11    = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
  |first12    = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
  |first13    = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
  |date       = October 2011
  |title      = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
  |journal    = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
  |volume     = 63
  |issue      = 5
  |pages      = 1117–1138
  |bibcode    = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
  |doi        = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
  }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=617 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>

<ref name="Buie-2015">{{Cite journal
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<ref name="Oey-2012c">{{Cite journal
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<ref name="Carry-2012">{{Cite journal
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}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070223211445/http://www.keckobservatory.org/article.php?id=77 Keck Obs. press release Trojan Asteroid Patroclus: Comet in Disguise?]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081013063720/http://astron.berkeley.edu/~fmarchis/Science/Asteroids/Patroclus/ Patroclus and Menoetius web page]
* [http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html Asteroids with Satellites], Robert Johnston, johnstonsarchive.net
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|617}}
* {{JPL small body}}

{{Minor planets navigator |616 Elly |number=617 |618 Elfriede}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:000617}}
[[Category:Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp)]]
[[Category:Discoveries by August Kopff|Patroclus]]
[[Category:Named minor planets|Patroclus]]
[[Category:Binary asteroids]]
[[Category:Minor planets to be visited by spacecraft]]
[[Category:Slow rotating minor planets]]
[[Category:P-type asteroids (Tholen)]]
[[Category:Objects observed by stellar occultation]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1906|19061017]]