View source for 3rd United States Congress

{{Short description|Legislative term from 1793-1795}}
{{Use American English|date = March 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date = March 2019}}
{{Infobox United States Congress
|number         = 3rd
|previous       = 2nd
|next           = 4th

|image          = Congress_Hall_exterior.jpg
|imagename      = [[Congress Hall]]
|imagedate      = 2007
|start          = March 4, 1793
|end            = March 3, 1795
|vp             = [[John Adams]] (P)
|pro tem        = [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]] (P)<br/>[[Ralph Izard]] (P)<br/>[[Henry Tazewell]] (P)
|speaker        = [[Frederick Muhlenberg]] (A)
|senators       = 30
|reps           = 105
|delegates      = 1
|s-majority     = Pro-Administration
|h-majority     = [[Anti-Administration Party (United States)|Anti-Administration]]

|sessionnumber1 = Special{{efn|Special session of the Senate.}}
|sessionstart1  = March 4, 1793
|sessionend1    = March 4, 1793
|sessionnumber2 = 1st
|sessionstart2  = December 2, 1793
|sessionend2    = June 9, 1794
|sessionnumber3 = 2nd
|sessionstart3  = November 3, 1794
|sessionend3    = March 3, 1795

}}

The '''3rd United States Congress''' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the [[United States Senate]] and the [[United States House of Representatives]]. It met at [[Congress Hall]] in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] from March 4, 1793, to March 4, 1795, during the fifth and sixth years of [[George Washington]]'s [[Presidency of George Washington|presidency]].

The apportionment of seats in the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] was governed by the [[Apportionment Act of 1792]] and based on the [[1790 United States census|1790 census]]. The Senate had a Pro-Administration majority, and the House had an [[Anti-Administration Party (United States)|Anti-Administration]] majority.
[[File:Congress Hall House Chamber.jpg|thumb|300px|House of Representatives chamber at [[Congress Hall]]]]
{{TOCLimit|2}}

== Major events ==
{{Main|1793 in the United States|1794 in the United States|1795 in the United States}}
* March 4, 1793: President [[George Washington]] begins his second term.
* April 22, 1793: George Washington signed the [[Neutrality Proclamation]]
* February 11, 1794: Wishing to avoid charges of being a [[Star Chamber]], the Senate holds its first public session, resolving "That the Senate doors be opened".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mvVNeZDPIXgC&pg=PA5M|title=Precedents Relating to the Privileges of the Senate of the United States|date=1 January 1893|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/The_Senate_Opens_Its_Doors.htm|title=U.S. Senate: 1787: Senate Opens Its Doors -- December 9, 1795|publisher=United States Senate}}</ref>
* March 14, 1794: [[Eli Whitney]] was granted a [[patent]] for the [[cotton gin]]
* March 27, 1794: The [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] authorized the construction of the [[original six frigates of the United States Navy]]
* August 7, 1794: [[Whiskey Rebellion]] began: Farmers in the [[Monongahela River|Monongahela Valley]] of Pennsylvania rebelled against the federal tax on [[liquor]] and distilled drinks.
* August 20, 1794: [[Battle of Fallen Timbers]] — American troops under General [[Anthony Wayne]] forced a confederacy of [[Shawnee]], [[Mingo]], [[Lenape|Delaware]], [[Wyandot people|Wyandot]], [[Miami tribe|Miami]], [[Ottawa (tribe)|Ottawa]], [[Chippewa]] and [[Pottawatomie]] warriors into a disorganized retreat.
[[File:Congress Hall senate.jpg|thumb|300px|Senate chamber at [[Congress Hall]]]]

== Major legislation ==
{{Wikisource|United States Statutes at Large/Volume 1/3rd Congress|Public Acts of the Third Congress}}
{{Main|List of United States federal legislation#3rd United States Congress}}
* January 13, 1794: [[Flag Acts|Flag Act of 1794]], Sess. 1, [[s:United States Statutes at Large/Volume 1/3rd Congress/1st Session/Chapter 1|ch. 1]], {{USStat|1|341}}
* March 22, 1794: [[Slave Trade Act of 1794]], Sess. 1, [[s:United States Statutes at Large/Volume 1/3rd Congress/1st Session/Chapter 11|ch. 11]], {{USStat|1|347}}
* March 27, 1794: [[Naval Act of 1794]], Sess. 1, [[s:United States Statutes at Large/Volume 1/3rd Congress/1st Session/Chapter 12|ch. 12]], {{USStat|1|350}}
* January 29, 1795: [[Naturalization Act of 1795]], Sess. 2, [[s:United States Statutes at Large/Volume 1/3rd Congress/2nd Session/Chapter 20|ch. 20]], {{USStat|1|414}}

== Constitutional amendments ==
* March 4, 1794: Approved an amendment to the [[United States Constitution]] clarifying judicial power over foreign nationals, and limiting the ability of citizens to sue [[U.S. state|states]] in federal courts and under federal law, and submitted it to the [[State legislature (United States)|state legislatures]] for [[ratification]] {{USStat|1|402}}.
** February 7, 1795: The [[Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution]] was ratified by the requisite number of states (then 12) to become part of the Constitution.

== Treaties ==
* November 19, 1794: The United States and the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] signed the [[Jay Treaty]], which attempted to clear up some of the lingering problems left over from the [[American Revolutionary War]]

==Faction summary==
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.<ref>{{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.}}</ref>

Details on changes are shown below in the "[[#Changes in membership|Changes in membership]]" section.

===Senate===
{{USCongress Party summary
| congress=3
| party1=Anti-Administration
| party2=Pro-Administration
| abb1=A
| abb2=P

| seats1_last=13
| seats2_last=17
| seats_vacant_last=0

| seats1_begin=14
| seats2_begin=16
| seats_vacant_begin= 0

| seats1_end=13
| seats2_end=17
| seats_vacant_end=0

| seats1_next=10
| seats2_next=20
| seats_vacant_next=2
| note1_next=[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]
| note2_next=[[Federalist Party|Federalist]]
| shading2_next=Federalist

}}

===House of Representatives===
[[File:3rdHouse.svg|350px|thumb|Members of the House of Representatives as shared by each state]]
{{USCongress Party summary
| congress=3
| party1=Anti-Administration
| party2=Pro-Administration
| abb1=A
| abb2=P

| seats1_last=29
| seats2_last=39
| seats_vacant_last=1

| seats1_begin=55
| seats2_begin=50
| seats_vacant_begin=0

| seats1_end=54
| seats2_end=49
| seats_vacant_end=2

| seats1_next=58
| seats2_next=46
| seats_vacant_next=1
| note1_next=[[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]
| note2_next=[[Federalist Party|Federalist]]
| shading1_next= Democratic-Republican

| delegates1=1
| delegates2=0
| delegates_vacant=0
}}

== Leadership ==

=== Senate ===
[[File:Official Presidential portrait of John Adams (by John Trumbull, circa 1792).jpg|thumb|Senate President [[John Adams]]]]
* [[President of the United States Senate|President]]: [[John Adams]] (P)
* [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|President pro tempore]]: [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]] (P), until December 2, 1793
** [[Ralph Izard]] (P), May 31, 1794 – November 9, 1794
** [[Henry Tazewell]] (P), from February 20, 1795

=== House of Representatives ===
* [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker]]: [[Frederick Muhlenberg]] (A)

== Members ==
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
:''[[#House of Representatives_3|Skip to House of Representatives]], below''

=== Senate ===
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are [[Classes of United States senators|Senate class numbers]], which indicate the cycle of their election.
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}

==== [[List of United States senators from Connecticut|Connecticut]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[Oliver Ellsworth]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[Roger Sherman]] (P), until July 23, 1793
:: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Stephen Mix Mitchell|Stephen Mitchell]] (P), from December 2, 1793

==== [[List of United States senators from Delaware|Delaware]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[George Read (U.S. statesman)|George Read]] (P), until September 18, 1793
:: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Henry Latimer (senator)|Henry Latimer]] (P), from February 7, 1795
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[John M. Vining|John Vining]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from Georgia|Georgia]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[James Gunn (senator)|James Gunn]] (A)

==== [[List of United States senators from Kentucky|Kentucky]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[John Edwards (Kentucky)|John Edwards]] (A)

==== [[List of United States senators from Maryland|Maryland]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[Richard Potts]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[John Henry (senator)|John Henry]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[George Cabot]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[Caleb Strong]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[Samuel Livermore]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]] (A)

==== [[List of United States senators from New Jersey|New Jersey]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[John Rutherfurd]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[Frederick Frelinghuysen (1753–1804)|Frederick Frelinghuysen]] (P)
{{col-break}}

==== [[List of United States senators from New York|New York]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[Aaron Burr]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[Rufus King]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from North Carolina|North Carolina]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[Alexander Martin]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[Benjamin Hawkins]] (A)

==== [[List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[Albert Gallatin]] (A), until February 28, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[James Ross (Pennsylvania congressman)|James Ross]] (P), from April 24, 1794
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[Robert Morris (merchant)|Robert Morris]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[Theodore Foster]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[William Bradford (1729-1808)|William Bradford]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from South Carolina|South Carolina]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[Pierce Butler (American politician)|Pierce Butler]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[Ralph Izard]] (P)

==== [[List of United States senators from Vermont|Vermont]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[Moses Robinson]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}3. [[Stephen R. Bradley]] (A)

==== [[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}1. [[James Monroe]] (A), until May 27, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Stevens Thomson Mason (Virginia)|Stevens Mason]] (A), from November 18, 1794
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}2. [[John Taylor of Caroline]] (A), until May 11, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Henry Tazewell]] (A), from December 29, 1794
{{col-break}}
[[File:3rd United States Congress Senators.svg|thumb|375px|Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 3rd Congress in March 1793.
{{legend|#0044aa|2 Anti-Administration}}
{{legend|#660080|1 Anti-Administration and 1 Pro-Administration}}
{{legend|#aa0000|2 Pro-Administration}}]]
{{col-break}}
{{multiple image
| caption_align=center
| header_align=center
| direction = vertical
| header = <big>[[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|Senate presidents pro tempore]]</big>

| image1 = John_langdon.jpg
<!--
| width1 = 115
-->
| alt1 = John Langdon
| caption1 = [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]]<br/>(until December 2, 1793)

| image2 = Ralph Izard2.jpg
<!--
| width2 = 108
-->
| alt2 = Ralph Izard
| caption2 = [[Ralph Izard]]<br/>(May 31, 1794 – November 9, 1794)

| image3= HENRY TAZEWELL (1753-1799).jpg
<!--
| width3 = 113
-->
| alt3 = Henry Tazewell
| caption3 = [[Henry Tazewell]]<br/>(from February 20, 1795)

}}
{{col-end}}

=== House of Representatives ===
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}

==== [[List of United States representatives from Connecticut|Connecticut]] ====
All representatives were elected statewide on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[Joshua Coit]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[James Hillhouse]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[Amasa Learned]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[Zephaniah Swift]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[Uriah Tracy]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[Jonathan Trumbull Jr.]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Connecticut|AL|At-large}}. [[Jeremiah Wadsworth]] (P)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Delaware|Delaware]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Delaware|AL|At-large}}. [[John Patten (American politician)|John Patten]] (A), until February 14, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Henry Latimer (senator)|Henry Latimer]] (P), February 14, 1794 – February 7, 1795
:: Vacant thereafter

==== [[List of United States representatives from Georgia|Georgia]] ====
Both representatives were elected statewide on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|AL|At-large}}. [[Abraham Baldwin]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Georgia|AL|At-large}}. [[Thomas P. Carnes]] (A)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Kentucky|Kentucky]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|1|1}}. [[Christopher Greenup]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Kentucky|2|2}}. [[Alexander D. Orr]] (A)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Maryland|Maryland]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|1|1}}. [[George Dent]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|2|2}}. [[John Francis Mercer|John Mercer]] (A), until April 13, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Gabriel Duvall]] (A), from November 11, 1794
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|3|3}}. [[Uriah Forrest]] (P), until November 8, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Benjamin Edwards (Maryland politician)|Benjamin Edwards]] (P), from January 2, 1795
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|4|4}}. [[Thomas Sprigg]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|5|5}}. [[Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)|Samuel Smith]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|6|6}}. [[Gabriel Christie (Maryland politician)|Gabriel Christie]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|7|7}}. [[William Hindman]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Maryland|8|8}}. [[William Vans Murray]] (P)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] ====
There was a single at-large seat along with four plural districts, each of which had multiple representatives elected at-large on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|1|1a}}. [[Fisher Ames]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|1|1b}}. [[Samuel Dexter]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|1|1c}}. [[Benjamin Goodhue]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|1|1d}}. [[Samuel Holten]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|2|2a}}. [[Dwight Foster (politician, born 1757)|Dwight Foster]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|2|2b}}. [[William Lyman (congressman)|William Lyman]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|2|2c}}. [[Theodore Sedgwick]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|2|2d}}. [[Artemas Ward]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|3|3a}}. [[Shearjashub Bourne]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|3|3b}}. [[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|4|4a}}. [[Henry Dearborn]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|4|4b}}. [[George Thatcher]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|4|4c}}. [[Peleg Wadsworth]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Massachusetts|AL|At-large}}. [[David Cobb (Massachusetts)|David Cobb]] (P)

==== [[List of United States representatives from New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] ====
All representatives were elected statewide on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|AL|At-large}}. [[Nicholas Gilman]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|AL|At-large}}. [[John Samuel Sherburne|John Sherburne]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|AL|At-large}}. [[Jeremiah Smith (lawyer)|Jeremiah Smith]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Hampshire|AL|At-large}}. [[Paine Wingate]] (P)

==== [[List of United States representatives from New Jersey|New Jersey]] ====
All representatives were elected statewide on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|AL|At-large}}. [[John Beatty (delegate)|John Beatty]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|AL|At-large}}. [[Elias Boudinot]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|AL|At-large}}. [[Lambert Cadwalader]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|AL|At-large}}. [[Abraham Clark]] (P), until September 15, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Aaron Kitchell]] (A), from January 29, 1795
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New Jersey|AL|At-large}}. [[Jonathan Dayton]] (P)

==== [[List of United States representatives from New York|New York]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|1|1}}. [[Thomas Tredwell]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|2|2}}. [[John Watts (New York politician)|John Watts]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|3|3}}. [[Philip Van Cortlandt]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|4|4}}. [[Peter Van Gaasbeck]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|5|5}}. [[Theodorus Bailey (senator)|Theodorus Bailey]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|6|6}}. [[Ezekiel Gilbert]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|7|7}}. [[John E. Van Alen]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|8|8}}. [[Henry Glen]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|9|9}}. [[James Gordon (New York)|James Gordon]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|New York|10|10}}. [[Silas Talbot]] (P), until June 5, 1794
:: Vacant thereafter
{{col-break}}

==== [[List of United States representatives from North Carolina|North Carolina]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|1|1}}. [[Joseph McDowell (General)|Joseph McDowell]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|2|2}}. [[Matthew Locke (U.S. Congress)|Matthew Locke]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|3|3}}. [[Joseph Winston]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|4|4}}. [[Alexander Mebane]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|5|5}}. [[Nathaniel Macon]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|6|6}}. [[James Gillespie (U.S. politician)|James Gillespie]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|7|7}}. [[William Barry Grove]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|8|8}}. [[William Johnston Dawson]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|9|9}}. [[Thomas Blount (statesman)|Thomas Blount]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|North Carolina|10|10}}. [[Benjamin Williams]] (A)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] ====
All representatives were elected statewide on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[James Armstrong (Pennsylvania)|James Armstrong]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[William Findley]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Thomas Fitzsimons]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Andrew Gregg]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Thomas Hartley]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Daniel Hiester]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[William Irvine (physician)|William Irvine]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[John W. Kittera|John Wilkes Kittera]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[William Montgomery (Pennsylvania soldier)|William Montgomery]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Frederick Muhlenberg|Frederick A. C. Muhlenberg]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Peter Muhlenberg|John Peter G. Muhlenberg]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[Thomas Scott (American politician)|Thomas Scott]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Pennsylvania|AL|At-large}}. [[John Smilie]] (A)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] ====
Both representatives were elected statewide on a [[general ticket]].
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Rhode Island|AL|At-large}}. [[Benjamin Bourne]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Rhode Island|AL|At-large}}. [[Francis Malbone]] (P)

==== [[List of United States representatives from South Carolina|South Carolina]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|1|1}}. [[William Loughton Smith|William L. Smith]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|2|2}}. [[John Hunter (South Carolina)|John Hunter]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|3|3}}. [[Lemuel Benton]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|4|4}}. [[Richard Winn]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|5|5}}. [[Alexander Gillon]] (A), until October 6, 1794
:: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Robert Goodloe Harper]] (P), from February 9, 1795
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|South Carolina|6|6}}. [[Andrew Pickens (congressman)|Andrew Pickens]] (A)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Vermont|Vermont]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Vermont|1|1}}. [[Israel Smith]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Vermont|2|2}}. [[Nathaniel Niles (politician)|Nathaniel Niles]] (A)

==== [[List of United States representatives from Virginia|Virginia]] ====
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|1|1}}. [[Robert Rutherford (congressman)|Robert Rutherford]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|2|2}}. [[Andrew Moore (politician)|Andrew Moore]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|3|3}}. [[Joseph Neville]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|4|4}}. [[Francis Preston]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|5|5}}. [[George Hancock (Virginia politician)|George Hancock]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|6|6}}. [[Isaac Coles]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|7|7}}. [[Abraham B. Venable]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|8|8}}. [[Thomas Claiborne (1749-1812)|Thomas Claiborne]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|9|9}}. [[William Branch Giles|William B. Giles]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|10|10}}. [[Carter Bassett Harrison|Carter B. Harrison]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|11|11}}. [[Josiah Parker]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|12|12}}. [[John Page (Virginia politician)|John Page]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|13|13}}. [[Samuel Griffin]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|14|14}}. [[Francis Walker (Virginia politician)|Francis Walker]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|15|15}}. [[James Madison]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|16|16}}. [[Anthony New]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|17|17}}. [[Richard Bland Lee I|Richard Bland Lee]] (P)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|18|18}}. [[John Nicholas (congressman)|John Nicholas]] (A)
: {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{ushr|Virginia|19|19}}. [[John Heath (politician)|John Heath]] (A)

==== Non-voting members ====
: {{ushr|Southwest Territory|AL|Territory South of the River Ohio}} ("[[Southwest Territory]]", later "[[Tennessee]]"). [[James White (Southwest Territory politician)|James White]], seated September 3, 1794
{{col-break}}

[[File:Frederick Muhlenberg.jpg|thumb|Speaker of the House of Representatives [[Frederick Muhlenberg]]]]
{{col-end}}

== Changes in membership ==
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress

=== United States  Senate ===
There were 1 death, 3 resigns, 1 late election, and 1 contested election.
<!--
Sorted Chronologically by date of vacancy
-->
{{See also|List of special elections to the United States Senate}}
{{Ordinal US Congress change|Senate}}

|-
| [[List of United States senators from Connecticut|Connecticut]]<br>(3)
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Roger Sherman]] (P)
| Died July 23, 1793.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Stephen Mix Mitchell|Stephen M. Mitchell]] (P)
| Elected December 2, 1793

|-
| [[List of United States senators from Delaware|Delaware]]<br>(1)
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[George Read (signer)|George Read]] (P)
| Resigned on September 18, 1793. [[Kensey Johns (judge)|Kensey Johns]] was appointed on March 19, 1794, but not permitted to qualify.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Henry Latimer (senator)|Henry Latimer]] (P)
| Appointed February 7, 1795

|-
| [[List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]<br>(1)
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[Albert Gallatin]] (A)
| Credentials were contested and the seat was declared vacant February 28, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[James Ross (Pennsylvania congressman)|James Ross]] (P)
| Elected April 24, 1794

|-
| [[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]]<br>(1)
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[James Monroe]] (A)
| Resigned May 11, 1794, to become [[United States Minister to France]].
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[Stevens Thomson Mason (Virginia)|Stevens T. Mason]] (A)
| Elected November 18, 1794

|-
| [[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]]<br>(2)
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[John Taylor of Caroline|John Taylor]] (A)
| Resigned May 11, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[Henry Tazewell]] (A)
| Elected November 18, 1794

|}

=== House of Representatives ===

There were 2 deaths, 3 resignations, and 1 contested election.
<!--
Sorted Chronologically by date of vacancy
-->
{{main|List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives}}
{{Ordinal US Congress change|House}}

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|Delaware|AL|T}}
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[John Patten (congressman)|John Patten]] (A)
| Contested election; served until February 14, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Henry Latimer (senator)|Henry Latimer]] (P)
| Seated February 14, 1794

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|Southwest Territory|AL|Territory South of the River Ohio}}
| Vacant
| Delegate seat established.
| [[James White (Southwest Territory politician)|James White]] Non-voting delegate
| Elected September 3, 1794

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|Maryland|2|T}}
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[John Francis Mercer]] (A)
| Resigned April 13, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[Gabriel Duvall]] (A)
| Seated November 11, 1794

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|New York|10|T}}
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Silas Talbot]] (P)
| Accepted appointment to the U.S. Navy June 5, 1794.
| Vacant
| Not filled in this Congress

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|New Jersey|AL|T}}
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Abraham Clark]] (P)
| Died September 15, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Aaron Kitchell]] (P)
| Seated January 29, 1795

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|South Carolina|5|T}}
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | [[Alexander Gillon]] (A)
| Died October 6, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Robert G. Harper|Robert Goodloe Harper]] (P)
| Seated February 9, 1795

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|Maryland|3|T}}
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Uriah Forrest]] (P)
| Resigned November 8, 1794.
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Benjamin Edwards (Maryland politician)|Benjamin Edwards]] (P)
| Seated January 2, 1795

|-
| nowrap | {{ushr|Delaware|AL|T}}
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | [[Henry Latimer (senator)|Henry Latimer]] (P)
| Resigned February 7, 1795, having been elected U.S. Senator.
| Vacant
| Not filled in this Congress
|}

==Committees==
Lists of committees and their party leaders.

===Senate===

* [[Committee of the whole|Whole]]

===House of Representatives===

* [[United States House Committee on Claims|Claims]] (Chairman: [[Uriah Tracy]])
* [[United States House Committee on Elections|Elections]] (Chairman: [[William Loughton Smith]] then [[Jonathan Dayton]])
* [[United States House Select Committee on Rules|Rules]] (Select) 
* [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|Ways and Means]] (Chairman: [[William Loughton Smith]])
* [[Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives)|Whole]]

===Joint committees===

* [[United States Congress Joint Committee on Enrolled Bills|Enrolled Bills]]  (Chairman: [[John Rutherfurd]])

== Employees ==

* [[Architect of the Capitol]]: [[William Thornton]]

=== Senate ===
* [[Chaplain of the United States Senate|Chaplain]]: [[William White (Bishop of Pennsylvania)|William White]] ([[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopalian]])
* [[Doorkeeper of the United States Senate|Doorkeeper]]: [[James Mathers (Sergeant at Arms)|James Mathers]]
* [[Secretary of the United States Senate|Secretary]]: [[Samuel Allyne Otis]]

=== House of Representatives ===
* [[Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives|Chaplain]]: [[Ashbel Green]] ([[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]])
* [[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|Clerk]]: [[John J. Beckley]]
* [[Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives|Doorkeeper]]: [[Gifford Dalley]]
* [[Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|Reading Clerks]]: {{dm|date=February 2020}}
* [[Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives|Sergeant at Arms]]: [[Joseph Wheaton]]

== See also ==
* [[1792 United States elections]] (elections leading to this Congress)
** [[1792 United States presidential election]]
** [[1792–93 United States Senate elections]]
** [[1792–93 United States House of Representatives elections]]
* [[1794 United States elections]] (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
** [[1794–95 United States Senate elections]]
** [[1794–95 United States House of Representatives elections]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1989|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}
* {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}

== External links ==
*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsllink.html Statutes at Large, 1789-1875]
*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsj.html Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwhj.html House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060601025644/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress]
*[http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/index.html U.S. House of Representatives: House History]
*[https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists]

{{USCongresses}}

[[Category:3rd United States Congress| ]]