View source for 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division

{{Short description|One of three basic maneuver units of the 1st Cavalry Division, US Army}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name                     = 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division
| image                         = USA - 1st Cavalry 3rd Brigade.png
| caption                       = 3rd Brigade logo
| country                       = United States
| branch                        = {{Army|United States}}
| start_date                    = 1917
| notable_commanders            = [[George H. Cameron]],  
[[Matthew J. Van Wagenen]]
| nickname                      = "[[George Crook|Grey Wolf]]"<ref name="SUD">{{Cite web |title=Special Unit Designations |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=21 April 2010 |access-date=23 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609010022/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html |archive-date=9 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
The '''3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division''' ("Third Grey Wolf Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division"<ref name="SUD" />) is a [[combined arms]] armored brigade of the [[1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Division]] based in [[Fort Cavazos, TX]].  Major equipment includes the [[M1 Abrams|M1A2SEP Tanks]], [[Bradley Fighting Vehicle|M2A3 & M3A3 Bradley]] [[infantry fighting vehicle]]s, [[M109 howitzer|M109A7 Paladin howitzers]], and [[High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle|M1114 up-armored Humvees]].

== Regiments ==
* [[7th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|7th Cavalry Regiment]]
* [[8th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|8th Cavalry Regiment]]
* [[9th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|9th Cavalry Regiment]]
* [[12th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|12th Cavalry Regiment]]
* [[82nd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|82nd Field Artillery Regiment]]

== Heraldry ==
The 3rd Brigade is a subordinate component of the 1st Cavalry Division and wears the same shoulder sleeve insignia.

== Initial organization ==
The 3rd Brigade, 1st [[Cavalry]] Division was first constituted on 29 August 1917. It was organized in December 1917 as Headquarters, 3rd Brigade, an element of the [[15th Cavalry Division (United States)|15th Cavalry Division]]. The brigade demobilized on 15 July 1919. The brigade was reconstituted on 10 August 1921, joining the newly constituted 1st Cavalry Division. Never officially reorganized, the Brigade remained on inactive status until its activation on 15 October 1940.

== World War II ==
The brigade was converted and redesignated as HHC, [[9th Armored Division (United States)|9th Armored Division]] Trains, and the unit deployed to the European Theater where it received campaign participation credit for the operations in Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, and Central Europe. The unit was awarded two [[Meritorious Unit Commendation]]s with streamers embroidered Europe 1944 and Europe 1945. Following [[World War II]], the unit returned to the United States and was inactivated.

== South Korea ==

The brigade remained inactive until 15 July 1963, when it was relieved from assignment to the 9th Armored Division, converted and redesignated as HHC, 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division. The brigade was activated on 1 September 1963, with the Division on station in [[Korea]] at the [[Korean Demilitarized Zone]].

== Vietnam War ==
In July 1965, the division colors moved to [[Fort Benning]] and underwent reorganization as an [[airmobile]] unit. No soldiers moved, and the soldiers remaining in Korea put on the patch of the [[2nd Infantry Division (United States)|2nd Infantry Division]]. The brigade was filled with soldiers from the 2nd Infantry Division and the [[11th Airborne Division (United States)|11th Airborne Division]].

The 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmoble) sailed from Charleston, South Carolina to [[Qui Nhơn]], [[Republic of Vietnam]] on 17 September 1965. The first major action undertaken by the brigade began on 10 October 1965, and was followed by participation in the [[Battle of Ia Drang]] (14 November, 15,17) officially known as the Pleiku Campaign. The 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) received the [[Presidential Unit Citation (US)|Presidential Unit Citation]] for the period 23 October to 26 November 1965.

While the rest of the division left South Vietnam at the end of April 1971, the 3rd Brigade was formed into a separate unit and assumed operational control of the old 1st Cavalry Division area of operations in South Vietnam until 1972.

On 20 June 1972 in a ceremony attended by [[COMUSMACV]] General [[Creighton Abrams]] the brigade stood down and left South Vietnam for Fort Hood, Texas, to rejoin the 1st Cavalry Division.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vietnam.ttu.edu/reports/images.php?img=/images/1683/168300010838.pdf|title=United States Military Assistance Command, Vietnam 1972-1973 Command History Volume 2|publisher=United States Military Assistance Command, Vietnam|date=15 July 1973|access-date=25 April 2020|page=N-4}}{{PD-notice}}</ref> When its colors arrived at Fort Hood on 29 June 1972, the unit officially became the "Greywolf" Brigade, named after General [[George Crook]], considered the U.S. Army's greatest Indian fighter. The brigade underwent a change from an airmobile configuration to an infantry brigade (heavy or mechanized infantry). The "Greywolf" Brigade remained with the division until its inactivation in 1980.

The 3rd Brigade was composed of the following elements:
* HHC, 3d Brigade
* 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry
* 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry
* 5th Battalion, 7th Cavalry (added while the unit was in South Vietnam)
* F Troop, 9th Cavalry

== Post Operation Desert Storm ==
The brigade remained on the inactive roles until 21 May 1991, when the 1st "Tiger" Brigade, [[2nd Armored Division (United States)|2nd Armored Division]] was redesignated as the 3rd "GREYWOLF" Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division. Since that time, the brigade has participated in several National Training Center rotations, deployed task force sized elements to Kuwait, and in September 1996, conducted the first post- Desert Storm, no-notice, brigade-sized deployment to Kuwait in support of Operation Desert Strike.

== Operation Iraqi Freedom II ==
[[File:Baghdad - airport and green zone.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Aerial view and map of the Green Zone in Baghdad]]
In early 2004, 3d Brigade began deploying to Iraq for [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]]. The brigade protected the [[Green Zone]] and surrounding neighborhoods in [[Baghdad]]. The last elements returned home in March 2005.

The brigade was organized as follows:
* HHC, 3d Brigade
* 1st Battalion, 9th Cavalry
* 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry
* 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry
* F Troop, 9th Cavalry
* 2nd Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery
* 8th Engineer Battalion
* 215th Forward Support Battalion

The brigade re-task organized in [[Kuwait]] before entering [[Iraq]]:
* 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry was detached to the [[39th Infantry Brigade (United States)|39th Brigade Combat Team]], [[Arkansas Army National Guard]]
* [[1st Battalion, 153rd Infantry]] was attached from the 39th Infantry Brigade
* 1st Battalion, 161st Infantry was attached from the [[81st Armored Brigade (United States)|81st Armored Brigade]], [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]] Army National Guard
* 112th MP Battalion, [[Mississippi]] Army National Guard

Also attached were:
* 571st Military Police Company;
* Troop F (Bristol), 2nd Squadron, [[278th Armored Cavalry Regiment]], [[Tennessee]] Army National Guard;
* Bravo Company, 1st Battalion, [[40th Infantry Brigade (United States)|160th Infantry]], California Army National Guard
* a company from the [[8th Marine Regiment]];
* Additionally a large number of individuals from the [[Individual Ready Reserve]] joined the Brigade

The brigade received the following unit citations:
* HHC, 3rd Brigade was awarded a [[Meritorious Unit Citation]] (MUC) for the period of 17 March 2004 through 23 March 2005.
* 1st Battalion, 153rd Infantry was awarded an MUC (17 March 2004 – 23 March 2005)
* 1st Battalion, 161st Infantry was awarded an MUC (17 March 2004 – 23 March 2005)
* 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry was awarded an MUC (23 March 2004 – 5 March 2005)
* 2nd Battalion, 82nd Artillery was awarded an MUC (17 March 2004 – 23 March 2005)

== Modularization ==
Under the modularization of the 1st Cavalry Division, two battalions were transferred to [[4th Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division|4th Brigade]] and the 8th Engineers were inactivated. One battalion was transferred in from 1st Brigade, F Troop was expanded into a [[Squadron (army)|squadron]], and a [[special troops battalion]] was organized.

* HHC, 3 ABCT
* 6th Squadron ([[RSTA]]), 9th Cavalry Regiment
* 1st Battalion, 12th [[Cavalry]] Regiment
* 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment
* 2nd Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery Regiment
* Special Troops Battalion<ref>{{Cite web |title=Special Troops Battalion, 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division Heraldry |url=https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=4386 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914025823/https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=4386 |archive-date=2023-09-14 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=The Institute of Heraldry}}</ref>
* 215th Support Battalion (Brigade)

== Operation Iraqi Freedom 2006–07 ==

In September 2006 the 3rd "GREYWOLF" Brigade began deploying to Iraq for its second OIF combat tour. During this tour, it was deployed to the [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]] Province and based out of Baqubah. While serving as the main regional force for Coalition efforts in the area it fell under the command of Multi-National Division-North (MND-N). During the 2006–2008 tour MND-N was commanded by the [[25th Infantry Division (United States)|25th Infantry Division]] and based out of COB Speicher in [[Tikrit]].  The brigade was a part of the controversial theater "extension" that increased all combat tours to 15 months. This pushed their re-deployment home from theater to December 2007.

== Operation Iraqi Freedom 2008–09 ==
In December 2008 the GREYWOLF Troopers deployed to Iraq for their third tour. On 19 January 2009, they assumed control of FOB Marez in Mosul from the "Brave Rifles" of the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment. As during their last Iraq rotation the Greywolf Brigade were once again under the 25th Infantry Division and MND-N.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=24999&Itemid=21 |title=www.mnf-iraq.com |access-date=21 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211183703/http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=24999&Itemid=21 |archive-date=11 February 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Operation New Dawn 2011 ==
In January 2011, the GREYWOLF Brigade deployed to the southern provinces of Iraq with forces in Muthanna, Dhi Qar, Maysan and Basrah. The primary mission of the brigade was to continue to improve Iraqi Army and Police forces through an Advise and Assist mission.  Their secondary mission was to conduct route security missions to assist in maintaining open ground lines of communication.  Both missions would support the United States military forces eventual departure from Iraq in December 2011.  On 17 December 2011, Greywolf's Special Troops Battalion was the last combat unit to redeploy from the war-torn nation, thus ending America's 9-year long war.

== Reorganization ==
With the inactivation of the 4th Brigade Combat Team "Long Knife" in 2013, 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment rejoined the Brigade after 8 years.<ref>http://www.dvidshub.net/news/printable/115302 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102201343/http://www.dvidshub.net/news/printable/115302 |date=2 November 2014 }} 'Long Knife' Brigade cases colors, turns new chapter during inactivation ceremony</ref><ref>http://www.forthoodsentinel.com/story.php?id=12275 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102183158/http://www.forthoodsentinel.com/story.php?id=12275 |date=2 November 2014 }} Long Knife cases colors</ref>
The 3rd Engineer Battalion replaced the 3rd Special troops Battalion which had been formed from the 8th Engineer Battalion in 2005.

== Current organization ==
* [[File:USA - 1st Cavalry 3rd Brigade.png|30px]] Headquarters and Headquarters Troop (HHT), 3rd Brigade Combat Team (3rd BCT) 
* [[File:9 CAV DUI.png|30px]] 6th Squadron, [[9th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|9th Cavalry]] (RSTA) Reconnaissance Surveillance and Target Acquisition "Saber"
* [[File:7 Cav Rgt DUI.jpg|30px]]2nd Battalion, [[7th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|7th Cavalry]] "Ghost"
* [[File:1-8cav.gif|30px]]3rd Battalion, [[8th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|8th Cavalry]] "Warhorse"
* [[File:12 Cav Rgt DUI.png|30px]] 1st Battalion, [[12th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|12th Cavalry]] "Chargers"
* [[File:82FARegtDUI.jpg|30px]]2nd Battalion, [[82nd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|82nd Field Artillery Regiment]] (2-82nd FAR) "Steel Dragons"
* [[File:3 Eng Bn DUI.jpg|30px]] [[3rd Engineer Battalion (United States)|3rd Brigade Engineer Battalion]] (3rd BEB)"Beavers"
* [[File:215 Bde Support Bn DUI.jpg|30px]]215th Brigade Support Battalion (215th BSB)"Blacksmiths"

== Campaign participation credit ==
{| class=wikitable
! Conflict<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/reference/campaigns.html |title=Listing of the Campaigns of the U.S. Army Displayed on the Army Flag |access-date=2 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141114102909/http://www.history.army.mil/html/reference/campaigns.html#vie_war |archive-date=14 November 2014 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>
! Streamer
! Year(s)
|-
| rowspan="3" | World War II <br /> [[File:European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal streamer.png|150px]]
|| [[Rhineland Campaign#Germany west of the Rhine|Rhineland]]
|| 1944
|-
|| [[Ardennes-Alsace Campaign|Ardennes-Alsace]]
|| 1944
|-
|| [[Central Europe Campaign|Central Europe]]
|| 1944
|-
| rowspan="16" | [[Vietnam War]] <br /> [[File:Streamer VS.PNG|150px]]
|| Vietnam Defense
|| 1965
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase I
|| 1965–1966
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase II
|| 1966–1967
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase III
|| 1967–1968
|-
|| [[Tet Offensive|Tet Counteroffensive]]
|| 1968
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase IV
|| 1968
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase V
|| 1968
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase VI
|| 1968–1969
|-
|| Tet 69/Counteroffensive
|| 1969
|-
|| Summer–Fall 1969
|| 1969
|-
|| Winter–Spring 1970
|| 1970
|-
|| Sanctuary Counteroffensive
|| 1970
|-
|| Counteroffensive, Phase VII
|| 1970–1971
|-
|| Consolidation I
|| 1971
|-
|| Consolidation II
|| 1971–1972
|-
|| Cease-Fire
|| 1972–1973
|-
| rowspan="5" | [[Iraq War]]<br />[[File:Iraq Campaign streamer.svg|150px]]
|| Iraqi Governance
|| 2004
|-
|| National Resolution
|| 2005
|-
|| Iraqi Surge
|| 2008
|-
|| Iraqi Sovereignty
|| 2009
|-
|| New Dawn
|| 2011
|}
{{-}}

== Decorations ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Ribbon
! Award
! Year
! Inscription
|-
|| [[File:Streamer PUC Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Army Presidential Unit Citation]]
|| 23 October to 26 November 1965
|| PLEIKU PROVINCE
|-
|| [[File:Streamer VUA Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Valorous Unit Award|Army Valorous Unit Award]]
||
|| QUANG TIN PROVINCE
|-
|| [[File:Streamer VUA Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Valorous Unit Award|Army Valorous Unit Award]]
|| May 1970
|| FISH HOOK
|-
|| [[File:Streamer MUC Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Meritorious Unit Commendation|Army Meritorious Unit Commendation]]
|| 1944
|| EUROPE 1944
|-
|| [[File:Streamer MUC Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Meritorious Unit Commendation|Army Meritorious Unit Commendation]]
|| 1945
|| EUROPE 1945
|-
|| [[File:Streamer MUC Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Meritorious Unit Commendation|Army Meritorious Unit Commendation]]
|| 2004–2005
|| IRAQ
|-
|| [[File:Streamer MUC Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Meritorious Unit Commendation|Army meritorious Unit Commendation]]
|| 2008–2009
|| IRAQ
|-
|| [[File:Streamer MUC Army.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Meritorious Unit Commendation|Army Meritorious Unit Commendation]]
|| 2011
|| IRAQ
|-
|| [[File:VGCP Streamer.jpg|150px]]
|| [[Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm]]
|| 1965–1969
|| VIETNAM
|-
|| [[File:VGCP Streamer.jpg|150px]]
|| [[Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm]]
|| 1969–1970
|| VIETNAM
|-
|| [[File:VGCP Streamer.jpg|150px]]
|| [[Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm]]
|| 1970–1971
|| VIETNAM
|-
|| [[File:VGCP Streamer.jpg|150px]]
|| [[Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm]]
|| 1971–1972
|| VIETNAM
|-
|| [[File:Streamer RVMUCCA.PNG|150px]]
|| [[Civil Actions Medal|Republic of Vietnam Civil Actions Medal with Palm]]
|| 1969–1970
|| VIETNAM
|}
{{-}}

== See also ==
[[1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Division]]

[[1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division]]

[[2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division]]
{{-}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
;Bibliography
{{ACMH|url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/001cd3bct.htm| article = Headquarters, 3d Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division Lineage and Honors}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110613143341/http://www.hood.army.mil/1stcavdiv/units/3bct/ "Official 3d Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division Homepage"]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090221095944/http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/CampaignStreamers/Campaign.htm "Campaign, War Service, & Unit Award Streamers"]
* [https://www.hrc.army.mil/site/active/tagd/awards/Unit_Awards/unit_awards.htm "Department of the Army listing of approved unit awards"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206002859/https://www.hrc.army.mil/site/Active/TAGD/awards/Unit_Awards/unit_awards.htm |date=6 December 2010 }}
* {{Internet Archive short film|id=gov.dod.dimoc.26968|name=STAFF FILM REPORT 66-19A (1966)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:001 03}}
[[Category:Brigade combat teams of the United States Army|Cavalry Division 001 03]]
[[Category:Armor brigades of the United States Army|Cavalry Division 001 03]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of the United States Army in World War II]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of the United States Army in the Vietnam War|Division 001 03]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1917]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of the United States in the Cold War]]
[[Category:Cavalry brigades of the United States Army]]