View source for 2005 Texas Proposition 2

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox referendum
| name = Proposition 2
| title = '''''Definition of Marriage Act'''''<ref name="state1" /><ref name="uselectionatlas2005" />
| yes_text    = In Favor
| no_text     = Against
| yes = 1,723,782
| no = 536,913
| invalid = 
| total = 2,260,695
| electorate = 12,577,545
| notes=Source: <ref>[https://elections.sos.state.tx.us/elchist117_state.htm 2005 Constitutional Amendment Election]</ref><ref>[https://www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/historical/70-92.shtml 2005 - Special, November (Constitutional)]</ref>
| map = 2005 Texas Proposition 2 results map by county.svg
| mapcaption =
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
'''Yes'''
{{legend|#2B2457|90%–100% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#28497C|80%–90% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#47729E|70%–80% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#7D9CBB|60%–70% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#B6C8D9|50%–60% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{col-2}}
'''No'''
{{legend|#DEDEBD|50%–60% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{col-end}}
|country=Texas|date=November 8, 2005}}

{{ElectionsTX}}

'''Proposition 2''' was a referendum for a state constitutional amendment placed on the ballot by the Texas legislature and approved by the voters at the [[United States elections, 2005|November 8, 2005 general election]]. The measure added a new provision to the [[Texas Constitution]], Article 1, Section 32, which provides that "Marriage in this state shall consist only of the union of one man and one woman", and "This state or a political subdivision of this state may not create or recognize any legal status identical or similar to marriage."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www2.texasattorneygeneral.gov/files/opinions/prop2letter.pdf |title=Prop 2 Letter |date=October 27, 2005 |website=Tessas Attourney General |access-date=March 7, 2021}}</ref> Thus Texas became the 19th US state to adopt constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage. It was the most populous state to adopt a constitutional ban on same-sex marriage until California passed [[Proposition 8|its ban]] in November 2008. The amendment was later invalidated in June 2015 after the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in the ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]'' decision, though the amendment remains in the Texas Constitution. 

==Full text==
Article 1, Section 32 of the Texas Constitution, as amended, states:<ref>[http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/CN/htm/CN.1.htm#1.32 Article 1, Section 32, Texas Constitution, retrieved January 17, 2013]</ref>

{{blockquote|(a) Marriage in this state shall consist only of the union of one man and one woman.}}

{{blockquote|(b) This state or a political subdivision of this state may not create or recognize any legal status identical or similar to marriage.}}

The joint resolution proposing the amendment included additional language about rights that the ban on same-sex marriage was not meant to restrict:<ref name=brown66>{{cite book | last=Brown| first=Lyle C. | title=Practicing Texas Politics | edition=2011–2012 | publisher=Wadsworth Cengage Learning | location=Boston, MA|page=66|display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref>Texas Legislature Online: [http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/79R/billtext/pdf/HJ00006F.pdf Bill: HJR 6, Legislative Session: 79(R), Enrolled], retrieved January 17, 2013</ref>

{{blockquote|This state recognizes that through the designation of guardians, the appointment of agents, and the use of private contracts, persons may adequately and properly appoint guardians and arrange rights relating to hospital visitation, property, and the entitlement to proceeds of life insurance policies without the existence of any legal status identical or similar to marriage.}}

==Legislative approval==

As provided in Article 17, Section 1 of the Texas Constitution,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/CN/htm/CN.17.htm#:~:text=Sec.,%3B%20SUBMISSION%20TO%20VOTERS%3B%20ADOPTION.&text=The%20Legislature%20shall%20fix%20the,for%20advertising%20per%20column%20inch. |title=The Texas Constitution |access-date=March 7, 2021}}</ref> a proposed constitutional amendment is placed on the ballot only after the Texas legislature has proposed the amendment in a joint resolution of both the Texas senate and the Texas house of representatives. The joint resolution may originate in either chamber. The resolution must be adopted by a vote of at least two-thirds of the membership of each chamber. That means a minimum of 100 votes in the house and 21 votes in the senate.

On April 25, 2005, the house voted 101 in favor and 29 against the proposed amendment to ban same-sex marriage and civil unions, authored by [[Warren Chisum]].<ref>{{cite news | title=Ban on gay marriage heads to Texas Senate | url=http://www.chron.com/news/article/Ban-on-gay-marriage-heads-to-Texas-Senate-1925344.php | access-date=March 8, 2013 | newspaper=Houston Chronicle | date=April 26, 2005}}</ref> On May 21, 2005, the senate voted 21 in favor and 8 against the proposed amendment, and the ballot was set for November 8.<ref>{{cite news | title=Same-sex marriage ban going to voters Nov. 8 | url=http://www.chron.com/news/article/Same-sex-marriage-ban-going-to-voters-Nov-8-1931699.php | access-date=March 8, 2013 | newspaper=Houston Chronicle | date=May 22, 2005}}</ref>

==Campaign==

===Campaign funding and spending===
Proponents raised $122,000, almost all from two donors, and opponents $391,000 in support of their campaigns on the proposition.<ref name=hughes/>

Proposition 2 attracted nearly $1.3 million in contributions.  Seven committees opposing the proposition raised $782,410, almost 55 percent more than the nearly $506,000 collected by nine committees supporting it. Four committees against the measure raised $774,440, or almost 99 percent of the money raised to fight Proposition 2.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Ballot committee !! Position !! Total
|-
| [[Texans For Marriage]] || Pro || $339,880
|-
| Heritage Alliance PAC || Pro  || $67,903
|-	 	
| Focus on the Family Texas Marriage Amendment Committee || Pro  || $51,188
|-	 	
|  Reagan Legacy Republican Women || Pro || $16,857
|-	 	
|  Texas Marriage Alliance || Pro || $10,175
|-	 	
|  Vote Yes On Prop. Two || Pro || $5,500
|-	 	
|  Conservative Republicans of Texas || Pro || $8,750
|-	 	
| Conservative Republicans of [[Harris County, Texas|Harris County]] || Pro || $5,433
|-	 	
| '''Pro total''' ||  || '''$505,991'''
|-
| No Nonsense in November || Con || $350,096
|-
| Vote Against the Amendment || Con || $221,495
|-	 	
| No Nonsense in 2006 || Con || $125,157
|-	 	
| Save Texas Marriage || Con || $77,694
|-	 	
| [[Practice What You Preach]] || Con || $4,858
|-	 	
| [[Tarrant County]] [[Stonewall Democrats]] || Con || $1,740
|-	 	
| Texans United || Con || $1,369
|-
| '''Con total''' || || '''$782,409'''
|-	 	
! Total || || '''$1,288,400'''
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Contributor !! State !! Industry !! Position !! Total
|-
| [[National Gay & Lesbian Task Force]] || Washington, DC || Gay Rights || Con || $111,979
|-
| [[Bob J. Perry]] || Houston, Texas || Home Builders || Pro || $110,000
|-
| [[Tim Gill]] || Denver, Colorado || Gay Rights  || Con || $100,000
|-
| James Leininger || San Antonio, Texas || Pharmaceuticals & Health Products || Pro || $100,000
|-
| Vaquillas LLC || Laredo, Texas || Livestock || Pro || $100,000
|}

==== Contributors across state lines ====

*The National Gay & Lesbian Task Force gave nearly $122,000. All but $10,000 went to one committee in Texas.
*[[Focus on the Family]], a Colorado-based Christian organization led by Dr. James Dobson, gave almost $51,200 to a Texas committee it formed. Although the group's Kansas committee did not report any contributions, it did disclose expenditures of nearly $24,500, mostly on radio advertisements.
*The [[Human Rights Campaign]], a national organization promoting equality for homosexuals, contributed $34,900 to oppose the Texas measure.<ref>{{cite news | title=BANNING SAME-SEX MARRIAGE  | url=http://www.followthemoney.org/press/ReportView.phtml?r=279&ext=3 | access-date=March 8, 2013 }}</ref>

===Supporters===

Supporters for the Proposition 2 (2005) were approximately 76% of the Texas voting population. Supporters claimed that marriage is a union between a man and a woman and these unions creates a child. The poll show at the time of the voting was approximately 82% in a public poll. The Texas Governor Rick Perry said at the time of the voting said, "Like the vast majority of Texans, I believe that marriage represents a sacred union between a man and a woman." Although his signature was irrelevant legally, Governor [[Rick Perry]] held a signing ceremony at an evangelical church in Fort Worth.<ref>{{cite news | last=Blumenthal | first=Ralph | title=In Texas, Marriage Is on Ballot | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/13/national/13ballot.html | access-date=January 19, 2013 | newspaper=New York Times | date=October 13, 2005}}</ref>

===Opponents===

Shortly before the election, a Presbyterian minister in Austin, Tom Hegar, argued that "a liberal activist judge" might interpret the wording of Subsection (b) to outlaw marriage itself and said, "Don't risk it; vote against it."<ref>{{citation | last = Smith | first = Amy | title = Group Says Prop. 2 Could Make Straight Marriage Illegal | newspaper = [[The Austin Chronicle]] | date = October 28, 2005 | url = http://www.austinchronicle.com/gyrobase/Issue/story?oid=oid%3A303822 | access-date = January 19, 2013}}</ref>

Attorney General [[Greg Abbott]], however, defended the language of the amendment.<ref name="Approved">{{cite news | last=Elliott | first=Janet | title=Gay marriage ban approved | url=http://www.chron.com/default/article/Gay-marriage-ban-approved-1925874.php | access-date=January 17, 2013 | newspaper=Houston Chronicle | date=November 9, 2005}}</ref> Proponents claimed that criticism of the amendment's language was a "smokescreen" to confuse voters on the issue.<ref name=hughes>{{cite news | last=Hughes | first=Polly Ross | title=Critics: Prop 2 threatens even traditional marriage | url=http://www.chron.com/default/article/Critics-Prop-2-threatens-even-traditional-1525207.php | access-date=January 17, 2013 | newspaper=Houston Chronicle | date=October 25, 2005}}</ref>

==Pre-decision opinion polls==

Many predicted Proposition 2 would pass, including opponents of Proposition 2. Supporters of Proposition 2, however, believed Texans might not vote because they will be overconfident after seeing landslide victories for marriage bans in other states.<ref>{{cite news | title=Texas Same-sex Marriage Fight Heats Up | url=http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/2569 | access-date=January 19, 2013 | newspaper=New Standard News | date=October 26, 2005 | archive-date=December 2, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151202061420/http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/2569 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

* A 2003 poll showed that 63% of Texans surveyed said they support a state prohibition on same-sex marriages.<ref>{{cite news | title=Expert expects Texas' Prop. 2 to pass | url=http://news.unt.edu/news-releases/expert-expects-texas-prop-2-pass | access-date=March 7, 2013 | newspaper=UNT News | date=November 10, 2005}}</ref>
* An August 2005 Houston poll found that 64% of African Americans in Texas supported protection in the workplace for LGBT people. However, that same poll found 62% opposed same-sex couples being allowed to marry.<ref>{{cite news | title=Gay marriage vote crossed lines | url=http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Gay-marriage-vote-crossed-lines-1937087.php | access-date=March 7, 2013 | newspaper=Houston Chronicle | date=November 10, 2005}}</ref>

==Results==
{{Referendum
| title = Proposition 2,<br> "Definition of Marriage Act"<ref name="state1">[http://elections.sos.state.tx.us/elchist.exe Office of the Secretary of State] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109062336/http://elections.sos.state.tx.us/elchist.exe |date=2014-01-09 }}</ref><ref name="uselectionatlas2005">[http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?fips=48&year=2005&f=0&off=51&elect=7 "2005 Referendum Special Election Results – Texas"]</ref>
| yes = 1,723,782
| yespct = 76.25
| no = 536,913	
| nopct = 23.74
| valid = 
| validpct = 
| invalid = 
| invalidpct = 
| total = 2,260,695	
| turnoutpct = 17.97
| electorate = 12,577,545
}}
Proposition 2 passed by a vote of more than three to one. With around 17.97% voter turnout, this was the highest participation in a constitutional amendment election since 1991, boasted by the same-sex marriage ban. [[Matt Foreman (gay rights activist)|Matt Foreman]], executive director of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, said the outcome was not unexpected: "When you put a fundamental right of a minority up for popular vote, it's almost impossible to win."

===County breakdown===

Of [[List of counties in Texas|Texas's 254 counties]], 253 of the 254 voted in favor of Proposition 2. [[Travis County, Texas|Travis County]], which includes [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], was the only county to oppose the amendment, with slightly under 60% of voters opposing it.<ref>{{cite web|author=Burka, Paul|url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/the-m-word/|title=The M Word|work=[[Texas Monthly]]|date=January 2006|access-date=2020-04-07|quote=Of course, I live in Travis County, the only county to vote down Prop 2. [...] Travis voted just a tick short of 60 percent against it. }}</ref> [[Houston]] and [[Dallas]], the 6th and 8th cities with the largest LGBT populations in the US,{{citation needed|date=March 2013}} voted for Proposition 2.  The largest county in Texas, [[Harris County, Texas|Harris]], voted 72.5 percent to 27.5 percent for Proposition 2, with 17.5 percent voter turn out; however, two [[Montrose, Houston#LGBT culture|Montrose]]-area precincts of the county with substantial LGBT populations reported turnouts of around 35 percent. [[King County, Texas|King County]], the most Republican county in Texas,{{citation needed|date=March 2013}} had the highest voter turnout of any county, with 54.16 percent, while [[Starr County, Texas|Starr County]], the most Democratic county in Texas,{{citation needed|date=March 2013}} had the lowest voter turnout of any county, with 3.05 percent.

Of the counties containing the ten largest Texas cities, Houston, [[Bexar County, Texas|San Antonio]], Dallas, Austin, [[Tarrant County, Texas|Fort Worth]], [[El Paso County, Texas|El Paso]], [[Tarrant County, Texas|Arlington]], [[Nueces County, Texas|Corpus Christi]], [[Collin County, Texas|Plano]], and [[Webb County, Texas|Laredo]], only Austin voted against Proposition 2. Of the counties containing the ten largest Texas universities, [[Brazos County, Texas|Texas A&M University]], the [[Travis County, Texas|University of Texas at Austin]], the [[Harris County, Texas|University of Houston]], the [[Denton County, Texas|University of North Texas]], [[Hays County, Texas|Texas State University–San Marcos]], the [[Tarrant County, Texas|University of Texas at Arlington]], [[Lubbock, Texas|Texas Tech University]], the [[Bexar County, Texas|University of Texas at San Antonio]], the [[El Paso County, Texas|University of Texas at El Paso]], and the [[Dallas County, Texas|University of Texas at Dallas]], only the University of Texas at Austin voted against Proposition 2. [[Glen Maxey]], the first openly gay member of the Texas House of Representatives, visited the University of Texas campus after the polls closed, where he said students voted more than 4-to-1 against the amendment.<ref name="Approved"/> Students at the University of Houston, University of North Texas, and Texas State University voted 2-to-1 against the amendment.<ref name="Approved"/> However students at Texas A&M University and Baylor University voted 6-to-1 in favor of the amendment.<ref name="Approved"/>

{| style="text-align:center; width:70%;" class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed"
|+Breakdown of voting by county<ref name="state1"/><ref>[http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/datagraph.php?year=2005&fips=48&f=0&off=51&elect=7 "2005 Referendum Special Election Data Graphs – Texas"]</ref>
|- style="background:lightgrey;"
! style="width:21%;"| County
! style="width:10%;"| Yes
! style="width:10%;"| Votes
! style="width:10%;"| No
! style="width:10%;"| Votes
! style="width:10%;"| Voter turnout
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Floyd County, Texas|Floyd]]
| '''95.4%'''
| 1,134
| '''4.6%'''
| 55
| 27.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Martin County, Texas|Martin]]
| '''95.4%'''
| 644
| '''4.6%'''
| 31
| 23.45%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Ochiltree County, Texas|Ochiltree]]
| '''95.1%'''
| 1,372
| '''4.9%'''
| 71
| 29.34%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Parmer County, Texas|Parmer]]
| '''95.1%'''
| 1,141
| '''4.9%'''
| 59
| 24.47%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hansford County, Texas|Hansford]]
| '''95.1%'''
| 904
| '''4.9%'''
| 47
| 29.70%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Childress County, Texas|Childress]]
| '''94.6%'''
| 902
| '''5.4%'''
| 51
| 25.52%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Motley County, Texas|Motley]]
| '''94.5%'''
| 327
| '''5.5%'''
| 19
| 38.06%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hartley County, Texas|Hartley]]
| '''94.3%'''
| 810
| '''5.7%'''
| 49
| 29.97%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Dallam County, Texas|Dallam]]
| '''94.3%'''
| 615
| '''5.7%'''
| 37
| 20.31%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lipscomb County, Texas|Lipscomb]]
| '''94.1%'''
| 602
| '''6.9%'''
| 38
| 33.49%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wheeler County, Texas|Wheeler]]
| '''93.9%'''
| 1,057
| '''7.1%'''
| 69
| 29.18%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Gaines County, Texas|Gaines]]
| '''93.8%'''
| 1,663
| '''6.2%'''
| 109
| 25.43%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Briscoe County, Texas|Briscoe]]
| '''93.8%'''
| 471
| '''7.2%'''
| 31
| 39.93%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hardin County, Texas|Hardin]]
| '''93.7%'''
| 5,121
| '''6.3%'''
| 342
| 16.60%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Panola County, Texas|Panola]]
| '''93.6%'''
| 3,429
| '''6.4%'''
| 234
| 23.60%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Cass County, Texas|Cass]]
| '''93.5%'''
| 4,488
| '''6.5%'''
| 343
| 26.41%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jasper County, Texas|Jasper]]
| '''93.5%'''
| 3,690
| '''6.5%'''
| 258
| 19.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Newton County, Texas|Newton]]
| '''93.5%'''
| 1,552
| '''6.5%'''
| 108
| 17.95%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Collingsworth County, Texas|Collingsworth]]
| '''93.5%'''
| 563
| '''6.5%'''
| 39
| 26.01%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Yoakum County, Texas|Yoakum]]
| '''93.4%'''
| 919
| '''6.6%'''
| 65
| 22.91%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lynn County, Texas|Lynn]]
| '''93.3%'''
| 758
| '''6.7%'''
| 54
| 19.66%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hutchinson County, Texas|Hutchinson]]
| '''93.2%'''
| 3,714
| '''6.8%'''
| 272
| 24.92%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Moore County, Texas|Moore]]
| '''93.2%'''
| 2,271
| '''6.8%'''
| 166
| 25.22%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Deaf Smith County, Texas|Deaf Smith]]
| '''93.2%'''
| 1,664
| '''6.8%'''
| 121
| 18.64%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Sherman County, Texas|Sherman]]
| '''93.2%'''
| 449
| '''6.8%'''
| 33
| 34.35%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[King County, Texas|King]]
| '''93.2%'''
| 109
| '''6.8%'''
| 8
| 54.16%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Armstrong County, Texas|Armstrong]]
| '''93.1%'''
| 462
| '''6.9%'''
| 32
| 33.11%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Stonewall County, Texas|Stonewall]]
| '''92.9%'''
| 340
| '''7.1%'''
| 26
| 30.75%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Shelby County, Texas|Shelby]]
| '''92.8%'''
| 2,942
| '''7.2%'''
| 229
| 21.85%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Tyler County, Texas|Tyler]]
| '''92.8%'''
| 2,332
| '''7.2%'''
| 181
| 18.72%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Callahan County, Texas|Callahan]]
| '''92.8%'''
| 1,782
| '''7.2%'''
| 138
| 21.46%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Shackelford County, Texas|Shackelford]]
| '''92.8%'''
| 506
| '''7.2%'''
| 39
| 21.86%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Red River County, Texas|Red River]]
| '''92.6%'''
| 1,520
| '''7.4%'''
| 122
| 20.04%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Oldham County, Texas|Oldham]]
| '''92.6%'''
| 375
| '''7.4%'''
| 30
| 28.06%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Scurry County, Texas|Scurry]]
| '''92.5%'''
| 1,955
| '''7.5%'''
| 159
| 19.64%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Roberts County, Texas|Roberts]]
| '''92.5%'''
| 236
| '''7.5%'''
| 19
| 36.63%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Rusk County, Texas|Rusk]]
| '''92.4%'''
| 6,269
| '''7.6%'''
| 519
| 22.35%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Baylor County, Texas|Baylor]]
| '''92.4%'''
| 580
| '''7.6%'''
| 48
| 22.21%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Orange County, Texas|Orange]]
| '''92.3%'''
| 5,699
| '''7.7%'''
| 476
| 11.80%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hale County, Texas|Hale]]
| '''92.3%'''
| 3,568
| '''7.7%'''
| 299
| 18.90%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Eastland County, Texas|Eastland]]
| '''92.3%'''
| 2,386
| '''7.7%'''
| 199
| 25.19%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lavaca County, Texas|Lavaca]]
| '''92.2%'''
| 2,527
| '''7.8%'''
| 215
| 19.93%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Terry County, Texas|Terry]]
| '''92.2%'''
| 1,381
| '''7.8%'''
| 117
| 20.02%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Ward County, Texas|Ward]]
| '''92.2%'''
| 1,282
| '''7.8%'''
| 109
| 21.69%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Carson County, Texas|Carson]]
| '''92.2%'''
| 1,278
| '''7.8%'''
| 108
| 29.61%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Brown County, Texas|Brown]]
| '''92.1%'''
| 5,413
| '''7.9%'''
| 466
| 24.27%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bailey County, Texas|Bailey]]
| '''92.1%'''
| 812
| '''7.9%'''
| 70
| 21.25%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Knox County, Texas|Knox]]
| '''92.1%'''
| 563
| '''7.9%'''
| 48
| 24.15%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Andrews County, Texas|Andrews]]
| '''92.0%'''
| 1,617
| '''8.0%'''
| 140
| 21.89%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Coleman County, Texas|Coleman]]
| '''92.0%'''
| 1,224
| '''8.0%'''
| 107
| 21.23%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[San Saba County, Texas|San Saba]]
| '''92.0%'''
| 977
| '''8.0%'''
| 85
| 29.13%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Haskell County, Texas|Haskell]]
| '''92.0%'''
| 913
| '''8.0%'''
| 79
| 24.42%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hockley County, Texas|Hockley]]
| '''91.9%'''
| 2,663
| '''8.1%'''
| 235
| 21.15%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Archer County, Texas|Archer]]
| '''91.9%'''
| 1,522
| '''8.1%'''
| 134
| 26.00%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Madison County, Texas|Madison]]
| '''91.9%'''
| 1,314
| '''8.1%'''
| 113
| 21.11%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Sterling County, Texas|Sterling]]
| '''91.9%'''
| 193
| '''8.1%'''
| 17
| 24.41%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Swisher County, Texas|Swisher]]
| '''91.8%'''
| 991
| '''8.2%'''
| 89
| 23.64%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lamar County, Texas|Lamar]]
| '''91.7%'''
| 6,134
| '''8.3%'''
| 554
| 23.02%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Dawson County, Texas|Dawson]]
| '''91.7%'''
| 1,482
| '''8.3%'''
| 135
| 19.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hemphill County, Texas|Hemphill]]
| '''91.7%'''
| 593
| '''8.3%'''
| 54
| 28.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Sutton County, Texas|Sutton]]
| '''91.7%'''
| 409
| '''8.3%'''
| 37
| 17.26%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Van Zandt County, Texas|Van Verde]]
| '''91.6%'''
| 7,189
| '''8.4%'''
| 663
| 24.88%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Upshur County, Texas|Upshur]]
| '''91.6%'''
| 5,194
| '''8.4%'''
| 477
| 23.85%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Clay County, Texas|Clay]]
| '''91.6%'''
| 1,942
| '''8.4%'''
| 177
| 27.65%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hall County, Texas|Hall]]
| '''91.6%'''
| 490
| '''8.4%'''
| 45
| 24.28%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bowie County, Texas|Bowie]]
| '''91.5%'''
| 8,651
| '''8.5%'''
| 800
| 17.04%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Gray County, Texas|Gary]]
| '''91.5%'''
| 4,099
| '''8.5%'''
| 379
| 	30.75%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Live Oak County, Texas|Live Oak]]
| '''91.5%'''
| 1,033
| '''8.5%'''
| 96
| 15.25%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kimble County, Texas|Kimble]]
| '''91.5%'''
| 668
| '''8.5%'''
| 62
| 25.68%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Liberty County, Texas|Liberty]]
| '''91.4%'''
| 5,477
| '''8.6%'''
| 517
| 13.63%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Houston County, Texas|Houston]]
| '''91.3%'''
| 2,717
| '''8.7%'''
| 258
| 19.77%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Mills County, Texas|Mills]]
| '''91.3%'''
| 805
| '''8.7%'''
| 77
| 26.97%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Cottle County, Texas|Cottle]]
| '''91.3%'''
| 230
| '''8.7%'''
| 22
| 19.00%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jack County, Texas|Jack]]
| '''91.2%'''
| 1,075
| '''8.8%'''
| 104
| 24.10%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Castro County, Texas|Castro]]
| '''91.2%'''
| 938
| '''8.8%'''
| 91
| 22.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Mitchell County, Texas|Mitchell]]
| '''91.2%'''
| 834
| '''8.8%'''
| 80
| 	17.61%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Morris County, Texas|Morris]]
| '''91.1%'''
| 1,755
| '''8.9%'''
| 172
| 22.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Crane County, Texas|Crane]]
| '''91.1%'''
| 501
| '''8.9%'''
| 49
| 21.91%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Harrison County, Texas|Harrison]]
| '''91.0%'''
| 6,717
| '''9.0%'''
| 662
| 17.68%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wood County, Texas|Wood]]
| '''91.0%'''
| 6,231
| '''9.0%'''
| 620
| 28.66%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Rains County, Texas|Rains]]
| '''91.0%'''
| 1,421
| '''9.0%'''
| 141
| 24.44%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Donley County, Texas|Donely]]
| '''91.0%'''
| 689
| '''9.0%'''
| 68
| 29.43%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Coke County, Texas|Coke]]
| '''91.0%'''
| 506
| '''9.0%'''
| 50
| 22.32%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hopkins County, Texas|Hopkins]]
| '''90.9%'''
| 3,947
| '''9.1%'''
| 397
| 21.11%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Leon County, Texas|Leon]]
| '''90.9%'''
| 2,318
| '''9.1%'''
| 233
| 22.99%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Cherokee County, Texas|Cherokee]]
| '''90.8%'''
| 5,329
| '''9.2%'''
| 541
| 20.99%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Stephens County, Texas|Stephens]]
| '''90.8%'''
| 193
| '''9.2%'''
| 17
| 21.18%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Titus County, Texas|Titus]]
| '''90.7%'''
| 2,919
| '''9.3%'''
| 298
| 21.34%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hardeman County, Texas|Hardeman]]
| '''90.7%'''
| 545
| '''9.3%'''
| 56
| 20.29%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Cochran County, Texas|Cochran]]
| '''90.7%'''
| 441
| '''9.3%'''
| 45
| 24.27%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Upton County, Texas|Upton]]
| '''90.7%'''
| 388
| '''9.3%'''
| 40
| 21.24%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Anderson County, Texas|Anderson]]
| '''90.6%'''
| 6,137
| '''9.4%'''
| 640
| 23.92%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Montague County, Texas|Montague]]
| '''90.6%'''
| 2,655
| '''9.4%'''
| 274
| 22.83%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jackson County, Texas|Jackson]]
| '''90.6%'''
| 1,946
| '''9.4%'''
| 203
| 23.05%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jones County, Texas|Jones]]
| '''90.6%'''
| 1,927
| '''9.4%'''
| 201
| 20.87%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Concho County, Texas|Concho]]
| '''90.6%'''
| 367
| '''9.4%'''
| 38
| 21.64%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Delta County, Texas|Delta]]
| '''90.5%'''
| 766
| '''9.5%'''
| 80
| 24.93%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Borden County, Texas|Borden]]
| '''90.5%'''
| 162
| '''9.5%'''
| 17
| 39.51%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Freestone County, Texas|Freestone]]
| '''90.4%'''
| 2,365
| '''9.6%'''
| 251
| 23.31%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[McCulloch County, Texas|McCulloch]]
| '''90.4%'''
| 1,088
| '''9.6%'''
| 115
| 22.33%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Winkler County, Texas|Winkler]]
| '''90.3%'''
| 805
| '''9.7%'''
| 86
| 23.27%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Howard County, Texas|Howard]]
| '''90.2%'''
| 2,946
| '''9.8%'''
| 320
| 18.60%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Gregg County, Texas|Gregg]]
| '''89.9%'''
| 13,213
| '''10.1%'''
| 1,946
| 19.97%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Angelina County, Texas|Angelina]]
| '''89.9%'''
| 8,210
| '''10.1%'''
| 918
| 20.00%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Runnels County, Texas|Runnels]]
| '''89.9%'''
| 1,319
| '''10.1%'''
| 148
| 21.35%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Midland County, Texas|Midland]]
| '''89.8%'''
| 13,364
| '''10.2%'''
| 1,515
| 20.99%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Cooke County, Texas|Cooke]]
| '''89.8%'''
| 5,632
| '''10.2%'''
| 640
| 26.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wharton County, Texas|Wharton]]
| '''89.8%'''
| 4,412
| '''10.2%'''
| 503
| 20.04%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Camp County, Texas|Camp]]
| '''89.8%'''
| 1,414
| '''10.2%'''
| 161
| 21.70%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Throckmorton County, Texas|Throckmorton]]
| '''89.8%'''
| 440
| '''10.2%'''
| 50
| 39.70%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Smith County, Texas|Smith]]
| '''89.7%'''
| 22,357
| '''10.3%'''
| 2,559
| 21.63%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Navarro County, Texas|Navarro]]
| '''89.7%'''
| 5,276
| '''10.3%'''
| 604
| 21.46%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Franklin County, Texas|Franklin]]
| '''89.7%'''
| 1,468
| '''10.3%'''
| 169
| 26.09%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Trinity County, Texas|Trinity]]
| '''89.5%'''
| 1,673
| '''10.5%'''
| 197
| 16.95%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Karnes County, Texas|Karnes]]
| '''89.5%'''
| 1,099
| '''10.5%'''
| 129
| 14.89%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Schleicher County, Texas|Schleicher]]
| '''89.5%'''
| 377
| '''10.5%'''
| 44
| 22.75%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lamb County, Texas|Lamb]]
| '''89.4%'''
| 2,360
| '''10.6%'''
| 279
| 28.29%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Young County, Texas|Young]]
| '''89.3%'''
| 3,228
| '''10.7%'''
| 387
| 32.49%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[San Jacinto County, Texas|San Jacinto]]
| '''89.3%'''
| 2,624
| '''10.7%'''
| 316
| 18.95%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Comanche County, Texas|Comanche]]
| '''89.3%'''
| 1,845
| '''10.7%'''
| 220
| 22.64%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Edwards County, Texas|Edwards]]
| '''89.3%'''
| 299
| '''10.7%'''
| 36
| 22.36%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bee County, Texas|Bee]]
| '''89.1%'''
| 1,732
| '''10.9%'''
| 212
| 12.25%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Reagan County, Texas|Regan]]
| '''89.1%'''
| 353
| '''10.9%'''
| 43
| 21.07%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jim Hogg County, Texas|Jim Hogg]]
| '''89.1%'''
| 180
| '''10.9%'''
| 22
| 	5.36%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Randall County, Texas|Randall]]
| '''89.0%'''
| 17,202
| '''11.0%'''
| 2,130
| 26.14%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Chambers County, Texas|Chambers]]
| '''89.0%'''
| 3,149
| '''11.0%'''
| 390
| 17.43%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kaufman County, Texas|Kaufman]]
| '''88.9%'''
| 7,535
| '''11.1%'''
| 939
| 16.53%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Fannin County, Texas|Fannin]]
| '''88.9%'''
| 3,775
| '''11.1%'''
| 469
| 22.37%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Colorado County, Texas|Colorado]]
| '''88.9%'''
| 2,302
| '''11.1%'''
| 287
| 19.91%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Sabine County, Texas|Sabine]]
| '''88.9%'''
| 1,372
| '''11.1%'''
| 172
| 21.79%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[DeWitt County, Texas|DeWitt]]
| '''88.8%'''
| 2,281
| '''11.2%'''
| 288
| 21.60%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Fisher County, Texas|Fisher]]
| '''88.8%'''
| 659
| '''11.2%'''
| 83
| 26.04%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Glasscock County, Texas|Glasscock]]
| '''88.8%'''
| 223
| '''11.2%'''
| 28
| 34.95%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Ellis County, Texas|Ellis County]]
| '''88.7%'''
| 13,632
| '''11.3%'''
| 1,730
| 20.00%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jim Wells County, Texas|Jim Wells]]
| '''88.7%'''
| 1,677
| '''11.3%'''
| 214
| 7.31%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wise County, Texas|Wise]]
| '''88.6%'''
| 5,896
| '''11.4%'''
| 762
| 20.21%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Somervell County, Texas|Somervell]]
| '''88.6%'''
| 1,158
| '''11.4%'''
| 149
| 23.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Crosby County, Texas|Crosby]]
| '''88.4%'''
| 1,107
| '''11.6%'''
| 145
| 29.25%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Ector County, Texas|Ector County]]
| '''88.3%'''
| 10,465
| '''11.7%'''
| 1,382
| 17.66%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hill County, Texas|Hill]]
| '''88.2%'''
| 3,911
| '''11.8%'''
| 523
| 20.36%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Nolan County, Texas|Nolan]]
| '''88.2%'''
| 1,859
| '''11.8%'''
| 249
| 22.70%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Pecos County, Texas|Pecos]]
| '''88.2%'''
| 983
| '''11.8%'''
| 132
| 14.47%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Johnson County, Texas|Johnson]]
| '''88.1%'''
| 13,920
| '''11.9%'''
| 1,879
| 20.68%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Limestone County, Texas|Limestone]]
| '''88.1%'''
| 2,294
| '''11.9%'''
| 311
| 18.75%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Austin County, Texas|Austin]]
| '''88.0%'''
| 3,401
| '''12.0%'''
| 462
| 22.89%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Burleson County, Texas|Burleson]]
| '''87.9%'''
| 1,815
| '''12.1%'''
| 249
| 19.05%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Goliad County, Texas|Goliad]]
| '''87.9%'''
| 718
| '''12.1%'''
| 99
| 15.11%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Crockett County, Texas|Crockett]]
| '''87.9%'''
| 392
| '''12.1%'''
| 54
| 16.13%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Henderson County, Texas|Henderson]]
| '''87.8%'''
| 9,310
| '''12.2%'''
| 1,293
| 21.69%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Parker County, Texas|Parker]]
| '''87.7%'''
| 11,905
| '''12.3%'''
| 1,669
| 21.00%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Polk County, Texas|Polk]]
| '''87.7%'''
| 4,367
| '''12.3%'''
| 612
| 13.71%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hudspeth County, Texas|Hudspeth]]
| '''87.7%'''
| 206
| '''12.3%'''
| 29
| 14.90%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lee County, Texas|Lee]]
| '''87.6%'''
| 2,001
| '''12.4%'''
| 284
| 25.43%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Reeves County, Texas|Reeves]]
| '''87.6%'''
| 567
| '''12.4%'''
| 80
| 9.26%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Grayson County, Texas|Grayson]]
| '''87.5%'''
| 13,641
| '''12.5%'''
| 1,946
| 21.53%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Matagorda County, Texas|Matagorda]]
| '''87.5%'''
| 3,957
| '''12.5%'''
| 566
| 21.80%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Fayette County, Texas|Fayette]]
| '''87.5%'''
| 3,504
| '''12.5%'''
| 502
| 26.97%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Frio County, Texas|Frio]]
| '''87.5%'''
| 752
| '''12.5%'''
| 107
| 8.86%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wilson County, Texas|Wilson]]
| '''87.3%'''
| 3,275
| '''12.7%'''
| 478
| 15.95%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Medina County, Texas|Medina]]
| '''87.3%'''
| 3,121
| '''12.7%'''
| 453
| 14.72%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Falls County, Texas|Falls]]
| '''87.3%'''
| 1,595
| '''12.7%'''
| 231
| 19.29%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[San Augustine County, Texas|San Augustine]]
| '''87.3%'''
| 897
| '''12.7%'''
| 130
| 15.10%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Dickens County, Texas|Dickens]]
| '''87.3%'''
| 672
| '''12.7%'''
| 98
| 51.56%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wichita County, Texas|Wichita]]
| '''87.2%'''
| 13,373
| '''12.8%'''
| 1,967
| 20.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Taylor County, Texas|Taylor]]
| '''87.2%'''
| 12,138
| '''12.8%'''
| 1,787
| 17.85%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Gonzales County, Texas|Gonzales]]
| '''87.2%'''
| 1,703
| '''12.8%'''
| 249
| 16.52%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hamilton County, Texas|Hamilton]]
| '''87.1%'''
| 1,186
| '''12.9%'''
| 176
| 25.05%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Calhoun County, Texas|Calhoun]]
| '''87.0%'''
| 1,872
| '''13.0%'''
| 279
| 16.99%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hunt County, Texas|Hunt]]
| '''86.9%'''
| 8,490
| '''13.1%'''
| 1,279
| 20.21%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Wilbarger County, Texas|Wilbarger]]
| '''86.9%'''
| 3,207
| '''13.1%'''
| 484
| 43.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Robertson County, Texas|Robertson]]
| '''86.9%'''
| 1,772
| '''13.1%'''
| 266
| 17.69%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Uvalde County, Texas|Uvalde]]
| '''86.8%'''
| 2,290
| '''13.2%'''
| 347
| 16.49%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Refugio County, Texas|Refugio]]
| '''86.7%'''
| 740
| '''13.3%'''
| 114
| 15.50%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Coryell County, Texas|Coryell]]
| '''86.5%'''
| 3,691
| '''13.5%'''
| 575
| 11.77%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Real County, Texas|Real]]
| '''86.5%'''
| 637
| '''13.5%'''
| 99
| 30.15%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kent County, Texas|Kent]]
| '''86.5%'''
| 173
| '''13.5%'''
| 27
| 27.73%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Montgomery County, Texas|Montgomery]]
| '''86.4%'''
| 31,600
| '''13.6%'''
| 4,956
| 17.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Erath County, Texas|Earth]]
| '''86.4%'''
| 3,766
| '''13.6%'''
| 592
| 22.44%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Washington County, Texas|Washington]]
| '''86.4%'''
| 3,722
| '''13.6%'''
| 585
| 21.26%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jefferson County, Texas|Jefferson]]
| '''86.3%'''
| 12,631
| '''13.7%'''
| 2,003
| 9.36%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Victoria County, Texas|Victoria County]]
| '''86.3%'''
| 9,148
| '''13.7%'''
| 1,449
| 20.07%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Palo Pinto County, Texas|Palo Pinto]]
| '''86.0%'''
| 2,663
| '''14.0%'''
| 435
| 18.46%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Marion County, Texas|Marion]]
| '''85.9%'''
| 1,046
| '''14.1%'''
| 171
| 15.73%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hood County, Texas|Hood]]
| '''85.8%'''
| 6,675
| '''14.2%'''
| 1,104
| 24.45%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bosque County, Texas|Bosque]]
| '''85.8%'''
| 2,166
| '''14.2%'''
| 359
| 21.44%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[McMullen County, Texas|McMullen]]
| '''85.8%'''
| 145
| '''14.2%'''
| 24
| 24.42%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lampasas County, Texas|Lampasas]]
| '''85.5%'''
| 2,159
| '''14.5%'''
| 366
| 21.54%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Waller County, Texas|Waller]]
| '''85.3%'''
| 3,330
| '''14.7%'''
| 573
| 15.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[San Patricio County, Texas|San Patricio]]
| '''84.9%'''
| 3,525
| '''15.1%'''
| 628
| 8.77%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Atascosa County, Texas|Atascosa]]
| '''84.7%'''
| 2,565
| '''15.3%'''
| 463
| 12.50%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Irion County, Texas|Irion]]
| '''84.7%'''
| 272
| '''15.3%'''
| 49
| 25.94%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Potter County, Texas|Potter]]
| '''84.5%'''
| 8,309
| '''15.5%'''
| 1,523
| 17.70%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kerr County, Texas|Kerr]]
| '''84.4%'''
| 6,518
| '''15.6%'''
| 1,205
| 23.96%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Terrell County, Texas|Terrell]]
| '''84.3%'''
| 145
| '''15.7%'''
| 27
| 22.78%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kinney County, Texas|Kinney]]
| '''84.2%'''
| 416
| '''15.8%'''
| 78
| 21.06%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Grimes County, Texas|Grimes]]
| '''84.1%'''
| 2,423
| '''15.9%'''
| 459
| 22.28%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Nacogdoches County, Texas|Nacogdoches]]
| '''83.4%'''
| 5,634
| '''16.6%'''
| 1,118
| 21.59%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Walker County, Texas|Walker]]
| '''85.3%'''
| 5,012
| '''16.6%'''
| 998
| 21.39%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Val Verde County, Texas|Val Verde]]
| '''83.4%'''
| 2,290
| '''16.6%'''
| 347
| 10.73%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bell County, Texas|Bell]]
| '''83.1%'''
| 16,891
| '''16.9%'''
| 3,437
| 14.06%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Gillespie County, Texas|Gillespie]]
| '''82.9%'''
| 4,132
| '''17.1%'''
| 852
| 30.89%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Menard County, Texas|Menard]]
| '''82.9%'''
| 266
| '''17.1%'''
| 55
| 17.69%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Rockwall County, Texas|Rockwall]]
| '''82.8%'''
| 8,349
| '''17.2%'''
| 1,738
| 26.51%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Brazoria County, Texas|Brazoria]]
| '''82.7%'''
| 27,582
| '''17.3%'''
| 5,789
| 21.36%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Willacy County, Texas|Willacy]]
| '''82.7%'''
| 671
| '''17.3%'''
| 140
| 7.38%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Fort Bend County, Texas|Fort Bend]]
| '''82.6%'''
| 35,695
| '''17.4%'''
| 7,542
| 17.07%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Lubbock County, Texas|Lubbock]]
| '''82.6%'''
| 25,594
| '''17.4%'''
| 5,380
| 20.12%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Tom Green County, Texas|Tom Green]]
| '''82.6%'''
| 11,418
| '''17.4%'''
| 2,400
| 21.94%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[La Salle County, Texas|La Salle]]
| '''82.6%'''
| 303
| '''17.4%'''
| 64
| 8.52%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Mason County, Texas|Mason]]
| '''82.5%'''
| 692
| '''17.5%'''
| 147
| 29.18%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Llano County, Texas|Llano]]
| '''82.2%'''
| 3,722
| '''27.8%'''
| 806
| 33.52%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Zapata County, Texas|Zapata]]
| '''82.2%'''
| 444
| '''17.8%'''
| 96
| 7.92%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Milam County, Texas|Milam]]
| '''82.0%'''
| 2,767
| '''18.0%'''
| 606
| 23.69%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Culberson County, Texas|Culberson]]
| '''82.0%'''
| 132
| '''18%'''
| 29
| 8.85%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hidalgo County, Texas|Hidalgo]]
| '''81.9%'''
| 15,497
| '''18.1%'''
| 3,436
| 7.49%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Foard County, Texas|Foard]]
| '''81.9%'''
| 154
| '''18.1%'''
| 34
| 19.20%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Burnet County, Texas|Burnet]]
| '''81.5%'''
| 5,277
| '''18.5%'''
| 1,195
| 25.81%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kendall County, Texas|Kendall]]
| '''81.4%'''
| 4,044
| '''18.6%'''
| 923
| 23.91%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bandera County, Texas|Bandera]]
| '''81.3%'''
| 2,485
| '''18.7%'''
| 573
| 22.45%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Comal County, Texas|Comal]]
| '''81.1%'''
| 10,826
| '''18.9%'''
| 2,515
| 20.47%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Starr County, Texas|Starr]]
| '''81.0%'''
| 665
| '''19.0%'''
| 156
| 3.05%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[McLennan County, Texas|McLennan]]
| '''80.9%'''
| 18,819
| '''19.1%'''
| 4,445
| 17.90%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Guadalupe County, Texas|Guadalupe]]
| '''80.7%'''
| 9,844
| '''19.3%'''
| 2,358
| 18.95%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kleberg County, Texas|Kleberg]]
| '''80.6%'''
| 1,364
| '''19.4%'''
| 329
| 9.32%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Zavala County, Texas|Zavala]]
| '''80.6%'''
| 408
| '''19.4%'''
| 98
| 6.58%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Dimmit County, Texas|Dimmit]]
| '''80.3%'''
| 435
| '''19.7%'''
| 107
| 7.20%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Brooks County, Texas|Brooks]]
| '''79.3%'''
| 352
| '''20.7%'''
| 92
| 7.21%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Duval County, Texas|Duval]]
| '''77.8%'''
| 833
| '''22.2%'''
| 238
| 11.22%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Maverick County, Texas|Maverick]]
| '''77.7%'''
| 665
| '''22.3%'''
| 191
| 3.42%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Tarrant County, Texas|Tarrant]]
| '''76.8%'''
| 128,456
| '''23.2%'''
| 38,831
| 18.97%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | '''[[Texas]]'''
| '''76.25%'''
| 1,723,782
| '''23.74%'''
| 536,913
| 17.97%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Aransas County, Texas|Aransas]]
| '''76.0%'''
| 2,117
| '''24.0%'''
| 668
| 17.89%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Webb County, Texas|Webb]]
| '''75.9%'''
| 4,619
| '''24.1%'''
| 1,463
| 6.30%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Jeff Davis County, Texas|Jeff Davis]]
| '''75.8%'''
| 294
| '''24.2%'''
| 94
| 22.82%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Caldwell County, Texas|Caldwell]]
| '''75.6%'''
| 2,676
| '''24.4%'''
| 862
| 16.85%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Kenedy County, Texas|Kenedy]]
| '''75.4%'''
| 46
| '''24.6%'''
| 15
| 19.00%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Blanco County, Texas|Blanco]]
| '''75.2%'''
| 1,387
| '''24.8%'''
| 458
| 28.60%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Denton County, Texas|Denton]]
| '''75.1%'''
| 39,650
| '''24.9%'''
| 13,166
| 16.89%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Nueces County, Texas|Nueces]]
| '''74.7%'''
| 17,375
| '''25.3%'''
| 5,888
| 12.19%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Galveston County, Texas|Galveston]]
| '''74.6%'''
| 18,331
| '''25.4%'''
| 6,241
| 13.56%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Collin County, Texas|Collin]]
| '''74.5%'''
| 44,765
| '''25.5%'''
| 15,359
| 16.60%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Brazos County, Texas|Brazos]]
| '''73.4%'''
| 12,618
| '''26.6%'''
| 4,571
| 20.28%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Harris County, Texas|Harris]]
| '''72.5%'''
| 236,071
| '''27.5%'''
| 89,652
| 17.50%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Cameron County, Texas|Cameron]]
| '''72.4%'''
| 11,831
| '''27.6%'''
| 4,501
| 10.21%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Loving County, Texas|Loving]]
| '''71.4%'''
| 20
| '''28.6%'''
| 8
| 25.45%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bastrop County, Texas|Bastrop]]
| '''71.1%'''
| 5,974
| '''28.9%'''
| 2,432
| 22.57%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Williamson County, Texas|Williamson]]
| '''69.9%'''
| 33,677
| '''30.1%'''
| 14,508
| 24.58%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Bexar County, Texas|Bexar]]
| '''69.2%'''
| 100,308
| '''30.8%'''
| 44,578
| 16.67%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[El Paso County, Texas|El Paso]]
| '''68.1%'''
| 19,870
| '''31.9%'''
| 9,313
| 8.02%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Presidio County, Texas|Presidio]]
| '''67.2%'''
| 195
| '''32.8%'''
| 95
| 5.30%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Dallas County, Texas|Dallas]]
| '''66.5%'''
| 144,559
| '''33.5%'''
| 72,973
| 18.79%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Brewster County, Texas|Brewster]]
| '''64.4%'''
| 774
| '''35.6%'''
| 427
| 20.16%
|-
| style="background:#c8ffc8;" | [[Hays County, Texas|Hays]]
| '''58.1%'''
| 9,253
| '''41.9%'''
| 6,665
| 20.25%
|-
|  style="text-align:center; background:#ffc8c8;"|[[Travis County, Texas|Travis]]
| '''40.1%'''
| 54,246
| '''59.9%'''
| 81,170
| 25.18%
|}

==Effects==
The amendment, which took effect on November 23, 2005, constitutionally banned same-sex marriages, which were never recognized by the state and was statutorily banned since 1973, and civil unions or civil union equivalents, which were never recognized by the state and was statutorily banned since 2003. Texas became the 18th US state to ban same-sex marriage in its constitution and 12th US state to ban civil unions or civil union equivalents in its constitution. This preempted the state judiciary from requiring the state to legally recognize same-sex marriages or civil unions or civil union equivalents and preempted the [[Texas Legislature]] from enacting a statute legalizing same-sex marriages or civil unions or civil union equivalents. [[Domestic partnership in Texas|Domestic partnerships in Texas]], legal in 1 county and 2 municipalities at the time, were unaffected by the amendment.

In November 2009, [[Barbara Ann Radnofsky]], a candidate for [[Texas Attorney General]], claimed that the amendment, because it was poorly drafted, outlawed all marriage in Texas.<ref>{{cite news | last=Radnofsky | first=Barbara Ann | title=Authors Of Texas Marriage Amendment: Who Barks The Loudest? | url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/barbara-ann-radnofsky/authors-of-texas-marriage_b_366440.html | access-date=January 19, 2013 | newspaper=Huffington Post | date=November 21, 2009}}</ref>

The [[Williams Institute]] projected that legalizing same-sex marriage in Texas would add $182.5 million to the state's economy in the first three years.<ref>{{cite news | title=TX losing $60 million annually due to ban on same-sex marriage | url=http://www.dallasvoice.com/tx-losing-60-million-annually-due-ban-same-sex-marriage-10133092.html | access-date=March 7, 2013 | newspaper=Dallas Voice | date=November 30, 2012 | archive-date=December 5, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205010225/http://www.dallasvoice.com/tx-losing-60-million-annually-due-ban-same-sex-marriage-10133092.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Legal challenge==

On October 1, 2009, a state district court judge in the case of ''[[In Re Marriage of J.B. and H.B.]]'' ruled the amendment unconstitutional under the [[Equal Protection Clause]] of the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourteenth Amendment]] of the [[United States Constitution]]. The lawsuit was filed by two men living in Dallas who had married in Massachusetts in 2006. They were seeking a divorce in Texas because Massachusetts permits only state residents to sue for divorce. Texas Attorney General [[Greg Abbott]] and Governor Rick Perry appealed to the [[Texas Courts of Appeals|Fifth Court of Appeals]] in Dallas. On August 31, 2010, the appellate court reversed the district court, ruling that the amendment does not violate the U.S. Constitution and that district courts in Texas do not have [[subject-matter jurisdiction]] to hear a same-sex divorce case.<ref>{{cite web | last = Appleton | first = Roy | title = Dallas judge's ruling saying gay couple could divorce in Texas rejected on appeal | work = Dallas Morning News | date = August 31, 2010 | url = http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/090110dnmetgaydivorce.aa8079fa.html | access-date = August 31, 2010}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[LGBT rights in Texas]]
*[[LGBT history in Texas]]
*[[U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite web|author=Pyle, Emily|url=https://www.texasobserver.org/2059-the-ties-that-bind-what-would-proposition-2-do-to-these-texas-families/|title=The Ties that Bind: What would Proposition 2 do to these Texas families|work=[[Texas Observer]]|date=2005-10-21}}

==External links==
* [http://www.followthemoney.org/press/ReportView.phtml?r=279 State Ballot Measures, 2005 – National Institute on Money in State Politics]

{{Elections in Texas footer}}
{{LGBT in Texas}}
{{U.S. same-sex unions ballot measures}}
{{Same-sex marriage in the United States}}

[[Category:2005 in LGBTQ history]]
[[Category:LGBTQ in Texas]]
[[Category:2005 in American law]]
[[Category:U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions]]
[[Category:2005 Texas elections|proposition 2]]
[[Category:2005 ballot measures in the United States]]
[[Category:Texas ballot measures]]
[[Category:Same-sex marriage ballot measures in the United States]]
[[Category:Marriage in Texas]]