View source for 2004 South Korean legislative election

{{Short description|none}}
{{More citation needed|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox election
| country = South Korea
| flag_year = 1997
| type = legislative
| previous_election = 2000 South Korean legislative election | previous_year = 2000 | election_date = 15 April 2004 | next_election = 2008 South Korean legislative election | next_year = 2008
| seats_for_election = All 299 seats in the [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]]
| outgoing_members = List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2000–2004 | elected_mps = List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2004–2008
| majority_seats = 150
| turnout = 60.63% ({{increase}}3.38[[Percentage point|pp]]; Const. votes)<br />60.63% (''New''; PR votes)
| 1blank = Constituency&nbsp;vote | 2blank = % and swing
| 3blank = Regional vote          | 4blank = % and swing

| image1 = Minister of Unification Chung Dong-Young.jpg
| leader1 = [[Chung Dong-young]]
| party1 = Uri Party
| last_election1 = ''Did not exist''
| seats1 = '''152'''
| seat_change1 = ''New''
| 1data1 = '''8,957,665''' | 2data1 = '''41.99%''' (''New'')
| 3data1 = '''8,145,824''' | 4data1 = '''38.27%''' (''New'')

| image2 = Park Geun-hye.jpg
| leader2 = [[Park Geun-hye]]
| party2 = Grand National Party
| last_election2 = 133 seats
| seats2 = 121
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}}12
| 1data2 = 8,083,609 | 2data2 = 37.90% ({{decrease}}1.06pp)
| 3data2 = 7,613,660 | 4data2 = 35.77% (''New'')

| image4 = Kwon Young-Ghil.png
| leader4 = [[Kwon Young-ghil]]
| party4 = Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)
| last_election4 = 0 seats
| seats4 = 10
| seat_change4 = {{increase}}10
| 1data4 =   920,229 | 2data4 =  4.31% ({{decrease}}3.13pp)
| 3data4 = 2,774,061 | 4data4 = 13.03% (''New'')

| image5 = 
| leader5 = {{ill|Cho Soon-hyung|ko|조순형}}
| party5 = Millennium Democratic Party
| last_election5 = 115 seats
| seats5 = 9
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}}106
| 1data5 = 1,698,368 | 2data5 = 7.09% ({{decrease}}28.78pp)
| 3data5 = 2,774,061 | 4data5 = 7.96% (''New'')

| map_image = South Korean Legislative Election 2004 districts.svg

| title = [[Speaker of the National Assembly of South Korea|Speaker]]
| before_election = [[Park Kwan-yong]] | before_party = Grand National Party
| after_election = [[Kim Won-ki]]      | after_party = Uri Party
}}{{Politics of South Korea}}

Legislative elections were held in [[South Korea]] on 15 April 2004.  In the 17th election for the [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]], voters elected 299 members of the legislature. The newly formed [[Uri Party]] and other parties supporting President [[Roh Moo-hyun]], who was [[Impeachment|impeached]] by the outgoing National Assembly, won a majority of seats.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.mygoyang.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=78248 |script-title=ko:[총선특집] 2004년, 유시민·한명숙... 진보정치 상징 고양서 당선, 4석 중 2석 여성 |trans-title=[General Election Special] 2004, Yoo Si-min, Han Myeong-sook... Symbols of progressive politics elected in Goyang, 2 out of 4 seats held by women |last=Yoo |first=Kyung-jong |work=Goyang Shinmun |date=March 8, 2024 |access-date=June 10, 2025 |language=ko}}</ref> This was the first time a centre-left liberal party won a majority in the National Assembly since [[1960 South Korean parliamentary election|1960]].

== Electoral system ==
{{see also|Legislative elections in South Korea}}
The election was held under [[parallel voting]], with 243 members elected in single-member constituencies via [[first-past-the-post voting]] and the remainder elected via proportional representation. Proportional seats were only available to parties which won three percent of the national valid vote among seat-allocated parties and/or won five or more constituency seats.

==Political parties==
{{see also|List of political parties in South Korea}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Parties
! rowspan="2" | Leader
! rowspan="2" | Ideology
! colspan="2" | Seats
! rowspan="2" | Status
|-
! Last election
! Before election
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Grand National Party}}" | 
| [[Liberty Korea Party|Grand National Party]]
| [[Park Geun-hye]]
| [[Conservatism]]
| {{composition bar|133|273|hex={{party color|Grand National Party (1997)}}}}
| {{composition bar|139|273|hex={{party color|Grand National Party}}}}
| {{No2|Opposition}}
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}" | 
| rowspan="3" | [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2005)|Millennium Democratic Party]]
| rowspan="3" | {{ill|Cho Soon-hyung|ko|조순형}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Liberalism]]
| rowspan="3" | {{composition bar|115|273|hex={{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}}}
| rowspan="2" | {{composition bar|59|273|hex={{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}}}
| {{Yes2|Government {{small|(2000–2003)}}}}
|-
| {{No2|Opposition {{small|(2003–2004)}}}}
|-
| {{composition bar|49|273|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}{{efn|[[Uri Party]]}}
| {{Yes2|Government {{small|(2003–2004)}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}" | 
| rowspan="2" | [[United Liberal Democrats]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Kim Jong-pil]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Conservatism]]
| rowspan="2" | {{composition bar|17|273|hex={{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}}}
| rowspan="2" | {{composition bar|10|273|hex={{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}}}
| {{Yes2|Governing coalition {{small|(2000–2001)}}}}
|-
| {{No2|Opposition {{small|(2001–2004)}}}}
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Democratic People's Party (South Korea)}}" | 
| [[Democratic People's Party (South Korea)|Democratic People's Party]]
| 
| [[Conservatism]]
| {{composition bar|2|273|hex={{party color|Democratic People's Party (South Korea)}}}}
| {{composition bar|1|273|hex={{party color|Democratic People's Party (South Korea)}}}}
| rowspan="2" {{No2|Opposition}}
|-
| style="background:{{party color|New Korea Party of Hope}}" | 
| [[New Korea Party of Hope]]
| 
| [[Conservatism]]
| {{composition bar|1|273|hex={{party color|New Korea Party of Hope}}}}
| ''Dissolved''
|}
The newly formed liberal [[Uri Party]] (''Uri-dang'' or ''Our Party'') gained support through its opposition to the impeachment of President Roh. It won 32 out of 49 seats in [[Seoul]], 44 out of 62 in [[Incheon]] and [[Gyeonggi]], confirming that a majority of voters supported the President Roh.

The conservative [[Grand National Party]], which supported the impeachment of President Roh, suffered a loss of support, but won a majority in [[North Gyeongsang]] and [[South Gyeongsang]] regions and retained the 100 seats necessary to block constitutional changes.

The progressive, socialist [[Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)|Democratic Labor Party]] got 13.03% of vote share, but won only 10 out of 299 seats due to the [[FPTP]] system. However this was considered as a great triumph within political landscape of South Korea which is traditionally anti-communist and against left-wing policies. DLP also won two FPTP seats in [[Ulsan]] and [[Changwon]] based on labor movement.

The [[Millennium Democratic Party]], formerly the major liberal party, was the second-largest party prior to the election but sustained the biggest loss in the backlash following its leading role in the impeachment of Roh, as much of its support shifted to the Uri Party.

The [[United Liberal Democrats]], a conservative regional party based on [[North Chungcheong]] and [[South Chungcheong]] regions, lost support since its leader, [[Kim Jong-pil]], did not contest the last presidential election.

==Results==
{{Election results
|image={{Parliament diagram
 |background = #f8f9fa
 |n1 =  10 | p1 = Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)
 |n2 = 152 | p2 = Uri Party
 |n3 =   9 | p3 = Millennium Democratic Party
 |n4 =   1 | p4 = National Integration 21 | c4 = #21317F
 |n5 = 121 | p5 = Grand National Party
 |n6 =   4 | p6 = United Liberal Democrats
 |n7 =   2 | p7 = Independent
}}
|firstround=Proportional|secondround=Constituency
|party1=[[Uri Party]]|votes1=8145824|seats1=23|votes1_2=8957665|seats1_2=129|totseats1=152|sc1=New
|party2=[[Liberty Korea Party|Grand National Party]]|votes2=7613660|seats2=21|votes2_2=8083609|seats2_2=100|totseats2=121|sc2=–12|color2={{party color|Grand National Party}}
|party3=[[Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)|Democratic Labor Party]]|votes3=2774061|seats3=8|votes3_2=920229|seats3_2=2|totseats3=10|sc3=+10
|party4=[[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2005)|Millennium Democratic Party]]|votes4=1510178|seats4=4|votes4_2=1698368|seats4_2=5|totseats4=9|sc4=−106|color4={{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}
|party5=[[United Liberal Democrats]]|votes5=600462|seats5=0|votes5_2=569083|seats5_2=4|totseats5=4|sc5=−13
|party6=Christian Party|votes6=228837|seats6=0|votes6_2=8267|seats6_2=0|totseats6=0|sc6=New|color6=#0966AF
|party7=National Integration 21|votes7=119746|seats7=0|votes7_2=63989|seats7_2=1|totseats7=1|sc7=New|color7=#21317F
|party8=Green Social Democrats|votes8=103845|seats8=0|votes8_2=37789|seats8_2=0|totseats8=0|sc8=New|color8=#51B749
|party9=[[Socialist Party (South Korea)|Socialist Party]]|votes9=47311|seats9=0|votes9_2=8004|seats9_2=0|totseats9=0|sc9=0
|party10=Democratic Unity|votes10=39785|seats10=0|totseats10=0|sc10=New
|party11=Labor Party|votes11=37084|seats11=0|votes11_2=2582|seats11_2=0|totseats11=0|sc11=New
|party12=Hope2080|votes12=31501|seats12=0|votes12_2=1253|seats12_2=0|totseats12=0|sc12=New
|party13=[[Democratic Republican Party (South Korea, 2008)|Democratic Republican Party]]|votes13=24360|seats13=0|votes13_2=2405|seats13_2=0|totseats13=0|sc13=0|color13=#0D90D6
|party14=Confederation of Nations|votes14=9330|seats14=0|votes14_2=226|seats14_2=0|totseats14=0|sc14=New
|party15=[[Democratic People's Party (South Korea)|Democratic People's Party]]|votes15_2=4347|seats15_2=0|totseats15=0|sc15=–2
|party16=Independents|votes16_2=972954|seats16_2=2|totseats16=2|sc16=–3
|invalid=295566|invalid2=250174
|total_sc=+26
|electorate=35596497|electorate2=35596497
|source=[https://www.nec.go.kr/cmm/dozen/view.do?cbIdx=1273&bcIdx=18841&fileNo=3 NEC], [http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2259_04.htm IPU], [http://www.electiondataarchive.org/ CLEA]
}}

===By city/province===
{| class="wikitable nowrap sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
|+ Constituency results by city/provinces
|-
! rowspan="3" | Region
! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Uri Party|Uri]]
! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Grand National Party|GNP]]
! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)|DLP]]
! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000)|MDP]]
! colspan=2 style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[United Liberal Democrats|ULD]]
! style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | NI21
! rowspan="2" style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Independent politician|Ind.]]
! rowspan="3" | Total<br/>seats
|-
! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Uri Party}}" |
! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Grand National Party}}" |
! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}" |
! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}" |
! colspan=2 style="background:{{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}" |
! style="background:#21317F" |
|-
! Seats
! %
! Seats
! %
! Seats
! %
! Seats
! %
! Seats
! %
! Seats
! Seats
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Seoul]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''32'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''42.9'''
| 16
| 41.3
| 0
| 3.5
| 0
| 9.8
| 0
| 0.8
| 0
| 0
| 48
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Busan]]
| 1
| 38.9
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''17'''
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''52.6'''
| 0
| 2.9
| 0
| 0.7
| 0
| 0.3
| 0
| 0
| 18
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Daegu]]
| 0
| 26.8
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''12'''
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''62.4'''
| 0
| 2.6
| 0
| 1.8
| 0
| 0.5
| 0
| 0
| 12
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Incheon]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''9'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''44.6'''
| 3
| 38.9
| 0
| 7.4
| 0
| 5.2
| 0
| 0.7
| 0
| 0
| 12
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Gwangju]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''7'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''54.1'''
| 0
| 0.1
| 0
| 6.2
| 0
| 36.5
| 0
| 0.3
| 0
| 0
| 7
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Daejeon]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''6'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''45.7'''
| 0
| 22.4
| 0
| 1.5
| 0
| 3.2
| 0
| 22.1
| 0
| 0
| 6
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Ulsan]]
| 1
| 28.1
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''3'''
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''36.3'''
| 1
| 18.0
| 0
| 0.6
| 0
| 0.8
| 1
| 0
| 6
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Gyeonggi]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''35'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''45.7'''
| 14
| 40.6
| 0
| 4.1
| 0
| 6.6
| 0
| 0.7
| 0
| 0
| 49
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Gangwon Province (South Korea)|Gangwon]]
| 2
| 38.8
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''6'''
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''43.4'''
| 0
| 4.1
| 0
| 6.3
| 0
| 0.2
| 0
| 0
| 8
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong N" | [[North Chungcheong]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''8'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''50.4'''
| 0
| 32.6
| 0
| 3.3
| 0
| 1.0
| 0
| 9.2
| 0
| 0
| 8
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong S" | [[South Chungcheong]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''5'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''38.9'''
| 1
| 15.8
| 0
| 2.2
| 0
| 3.5
| 4
| 33.8
| 0
| 0
| 10
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla N" | [[North Jeolla]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''11'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''64.5'''
| 0
| 0.1
| 0
| 4.5
| 0
| 18.6
| 0
| 0.1
| 0
| 0
| 11
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla S" | [[South Jeolla]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''7'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''49.1'''
| 0
| 0.3
| 0
| 2.7
| 5
| 36.6
| 0
| 0.1
| 0
| 1
| 13
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang N" | [[North Gyeongsang]]
| 0
| 25.8
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''14'''
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''54.6'''
| 0
| 3.4
| 0
| 0.4
| 0
| 0.6
| 0
| 1
| 15
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang S" | [[South Gyeongsang]]
| 2
| 34.6
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''14'''
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''48.0'''
| 1
| 8.5
| 0
| 0.5
| 0
| 0.5
| 0
| 0
| 17
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Jeju Province|Jeju]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''3'''
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''49.4'''
| 0
| 40.2
| 0
| 3.4
| 0
| 3.8
| 0
| 0.6
| 0
| 0
| 3
|- class="sortbottom"
! style="text-align:left" | Total
! 129
! 42.0
! 100
! 37.9
! 2
! 4.3
! 5
! 8.0
! 4
! 2.7
! 1
! 2
! 243
|}

{| class="wikitable nowrap sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
|+ Party list vote results by city/provinces
|-
! rowspan="2" | Region
! style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Uri Party|Uri]]
! style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Grand National Party|GNP]]
! style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)|DLP]]
! style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000)|MDP]]
! style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | [[United Liberal Democrats|ULD]]
! rowspan="2" style="width:50px" class="unsortable" | Other
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Uri Party}}" |
! style="background:{{party color|Grand National Party}}" |
! style="background:{{party color|Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)}}" |
! style="background:{{party color|Millennium Democratic Party}}" |
! style="background:{{party color|United Liberal Democrats}}" |
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Seoul]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''37.7'''
| 36.7
| 12.6
| 8.4
| 2.1
| 2.5
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Busan]]
| 33.7
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''49.4'''
| 12.0
| 1.9
| 0.7
| 2.3
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Daegu]]
| 22.3
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''62.1'''
| 11.6
| 1.1
| 0.8
| 2.2
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Incheon]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''39.5'''
| 34.6
| 15.3
| 5.4
| 2.1
| 3.0
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Gwangju]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''51.6'''
| 1.8
| 13.1
| 31.1
| 0.3
| 2.0
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Daejeon]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''43.8'''
| 24.3
| 11.8
| 3.1
| 14.5
| 2.4
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Ulsan]]
| 31.2
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''36.4'''
| 21.9
| 1.5
| 0.8
| 8.2
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Gyeonggi]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''40.2'''
| 35.4
| 13.5
| 6.1
| 2.0
| 2.8
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Gangwon Province (South Korea)|Gangwon]]
| 38.1
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''40.6'''
| 12.8
| 3.5
| 1.3
| 3.6
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong N" | [[North Chungcheong]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''44.7'''
| 30.3
| 13.1
| 2.2
| 6.3
| 3.5
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Chungcheong S" | [[South Chungcheong]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''38.0'''
| 21.2
| 10.5
| 2.8
| 23.8
| 3.7
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla N" | [[North Jeolla]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''67.3'''
| 3.4
| 11.1
| 13.6
| 1.0
| 3.6
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Jeolla S" | [[South Jeolla]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''46.7'''
| 2.9
| 11.2
| 33.8
| 1.0
| 4.4
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang N" | [[North Gyeongsang]]
| 23.0
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''58.3'''
| 12.0
| 1.4
| 1.2
| 4.1
|-
| style="text-align:left" data-sort-value="Gyeongsang S" | [[South Gyeongsang]]
| 31.7
| {{party shading/Grand National Party}} | '''47.3'''
| 15.8
| 1.4
| 0.8
| 3.0
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Jeju Province|Jeju]]
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''46.0'''
| 30.8
| 14.1
| 5.1
| 1.1
| 2.9
|- class="sortbottom"
! style="text-align:left" | Overall total
| {{party shading/Uri Party}} | '''38.3'''
! 35.8
! 13.0
! 7.1
! 2.8
! 3.0
|- class="sortbottom"
! style="text-align:left" | Seat allocation
| 23
| 21
| 8
| 4
| 0
| 0
|}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{South Korean elections}}

[[Category:Legislative elections in South Korea]]
[[Category:2004 elections in Asia|South Korea]]
[[Category:2004 elections in South Korea|Parliamentary elections]]
[[Category:April 2004 in South Korea|Parliamentary]]