View source for 1906

{{about|the year 1906|other uses|1906 (disambiguation)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Events by month|1906}}
{{Multiple image
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| footer            = From top to bottom, left to right: The [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]] and fires devastate the city, killing thousands and displacing many more; the [[Courrières mine disaster]] in France kills over 1,000 miners, one of Europe’s worst industrial tragedies; the [[1906 Atlanta race massacre]] leaves dozens dead amid racial tensions; the [[Algeciras Conference]] attempts to resolve European disputes over Morocco; the [[Denshawai incident]] in Egypt sparks nationalist outrage after harsh British reprisals; and the [[Bambatha Rebellion]] in Natal sees Zulu resistance crushed by colonial forces.
}}
{{Year nav|1906}}
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== Events ==

=== January–February ===
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Persian Constitutional Revolution]]: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in [[Persia]] forces the [[shah]] [[Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar]] to grant a constitution, and establish a national assembly, the [[National Consultative Assembly|Majlis]].
* [[January 16]]–[[April 7]] &ndash; The [[Algeciras Conference]] convenes, to resolve the [[First Moroccan Crisis]] between [[French Third Republic|France]] and [[German Empire|Germany]].
* [[January 22]] &ndash; The {{SS|Valencia}} strikes a reef off [[Vancouver Island]], Canada, killing over 100 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nowakowski |first=Teresa |title=More Than 100 Died When the S.S. Valencia Wrecked in the 'Graveyard of the Pacific'—Learn Why This Stretch of Coastline Has Claimed Thousands of Ships |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/than-100-died-when-the-ss-valencia-wrecked-in-the-graveyard-of-the-pacificlearn-why-this-stretch-of-coastline-has-claimed-thousands-of-ships-180985854/ |access-date=2025-09-15 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref>(officially 136) in the ensuing disaster.
* [[January 31]] &ndash; The [[1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake|Ecuador–Colombia earthquake]] (8.8 on the [[Moment magnitude scale]]), and associated [[tsunami]], cause at least 500 deaths.
* [[February 7]] &ndash; {{HMS|Dreadnought|1906|6}} is launched, sparking a [[Anglo-German naval arms race|naval race between Britain and Germany]].
* [[February 11]] 
** [[Pope Pius X]] publishes the encyclical ''[[Vehementer Nos]]'', denouncing the [[1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State]].
** Two British members of a [[poll tax]] collecting expedition are killed near [[Richmond, KwaZulu-Natal|Richmond, Natal]], sparking the [[Bambatha Rebellion]].<ref name="Stuart">{{cite book|title=History of the Zulu Rebellion 1906|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofzulureb00stua|last=Stuart|first=J.|year=1913|publisher=Macmillan and Co.|location=London}}</ref>
[[File:EcuadorLocation.png|thumb|225px|right| [[January 31]]: [[Ecuador]] earthquake (8.8).]]

=== March–April ===
* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Courrières mine disaster]]: An explosion in a coal mine in France kills 1,060.
* [[March 18]] &ndash; In France, Romanian inventor [[Traian Vuia]] becomes the first person to achieve an unassisted takeoff in a heavier-than-air powered [[monoplane]], but it is incapable of sustained flight.
* [[April 14]] &ndash; The [[Azusa Street Revival]], the primary catalyst for the revival of [[Pentecostalism]] this century, opens in [[Los Angeles]].
* [[April 18]]
** The [[1906 San Francisco earthquake|San Francisco Earthquake]] (estimated magnitude 7.8) on the [[San Andreas Fault]] destroys much of San Francisco, California, killing at least 3,000, with 225,000–300,000 left homeless, and $350&nbsp;million in damages.
** [[Xerox]], the global [[Digital electronics|digital]] [[Office equipment|office machine]] brand, is founded in [[Rochester, New York]] as the Haloid Photographic Company.<ref name="xeroxhaloid">[http://www.xerox.com/go/xrx/template/019d.jsp?view=Factbook&id=XAG&Xcntry=USA&Xlang=en_US Online Fact Book: Xerox at a Glance] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805182953/http://www.xerox.com/go/xrx/template/019d.jsp?view=Factbook&id=XAG&Xcntry=USA&Xlang=en_US |date=August 5, 2009 }}, xerox.com. Article retrieved December 13, 2006.</ref>
* [[April 23]] &ndash; In the [[Russian Empire]], the [[Russian Constitution of 1906|Fundamental Laws]] are announced at the first state [[Duma]].

[[File:San francisco 1906 earthquake.jpg|thumb|200px|right| The ruins of [[San Francisco]] following the [[April 18]] earthquake and later fires]]

=== May–June ===
* [[May 27]]
** The first inmates are moved to the [[Culion leper colony]] by the American [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands]].
** [[Gustav Mahler]]'s [[Symphony No. 6 (Mahler)|Symphony No. 6]] receives its premiere at the [[Saalbau Essen]] in Germany conducted by the composer.
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Karl Staaff]] steps down as [[Prime Minister of Sweden]] over the issue of expanded voting rights. He is replaced by right-wing naval officer and public official [[Arvid Lindman]].
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Morral affair]]: The attempted regicide of Spanish King [[Alfonso XIII]] and Queen [[Victoria Eugenie]] on [[Wedding of King Alfonso XIII and Princess Victoria Eugenie|their wedding]] day instead kills 24 bystanders.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Avrich |first1=Paul |author-link=Paul Avrich |title=[[The Modern School Movement: Anarchism and Education in the United States]] |chapter=The Martyrdom of Ferrer |date=1980 |isbn=0-691-04669-7 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |location=Princeton |oclc=489692159 |df=mdy-all |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6X_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |access-date=April 17, 2018 |pages=27–28}}</ref>
* [[June 7]] &ndash; [[Cunard Line|Cunard line]]r {{RMS|Lusitania}} is launched in [[Glasgow]], as the world's largest ship.
* [[June 26]] &ndash; The first autombile racing [[Grand Prix motor racing|Grand Prix]] is the [[1906 French Grand Prix]] held at [[Le Mans]].

=== July–August ===
* [[July 6]] &ndash; The [[Second Geneva Convention]] meets.
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Alfred Dreyfus]] is exonerated. He is reinstalled in the French Army on [[July 21]], thus ending the [[Dreyfus affair]].
* [[July 20]] &ndash; In the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]], a new electoral law is ratified, guaranteeing full [[women's suffrage]], the first in modern Europe.<ref>If the limited rights in the Isle of Man are disregarded. {{cite web | url = https://www.jyu.fi/ajankohtaista/arkisto/2006/03/tiedote-2009-10-01-20-12-22-833815 | title = Suomi valitsi maailman ensimmäiset naiskansanedustajat | last = Kananen | first= Anitta | date = March 2006 | publisher = [[University of Jyväskylä]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131203035928/https://www.jyu.fi/ajankohtaista/arkisto/2006/03/tiedote-2009-10-01-20-12-22-833815 | access-date = July 15, 2021 | archive-date = December 3, 2013 | language = fi}}</ref> Women can also stand in national elections.
* [[August 4]] &ndash; The first [[Imperial German Navy]] [[submarine]], [[SM U-1 (Germany)|''U-1'']], is launched.
* [[August 16]] 
** [[1906 Aleutian Islands earthquake]]: An earthquake with an estimated [[Richter magnitude scale|magnitude]] of 8.35 occurs off the [[Rat Islands]] in Alaska.
** [[1906 Valparaíso earthquake]]: A [[Richter magnitude scale|magnitude]] 8.2 earthquake in [[Valparaíso]], [[Chile]] leaves nearly 4,000 dead and approximately 20,000 injured.
* [[August 23]] &ndash; Unable to control a rebellion, [[Cuba]]n President [[Tomás Estrada Palma]] requests United States intervention. This leads to the [[Second Occupation of Cuba]], which lasts until [[1909]].

=== September–October ===
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Mahatma Gandhi]] coins the term ''[[Satyagraha]]'', to characterize the [[nonviolence]] movement in South Africa.
* [[September 18]] &ndash; A [[typhoon]] and [[tsunami]] kill an estimated 10,000 in Hong Kong.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19061019.2.54|newspaper=[[Auckland Star]]|location=New Zealand|date=1906-10-19|page=5|title=Hongkong Typhoon|access-date=2017-12-30|volume=37|issue=244|quote=Over 1,000 bodies are recovered, but cabled statements are verified that the number of lives lost totalled about 10,000.|archive-date=December 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230172220/https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19061019.2.54|url-status=live}} Retrieved via ''[[Papers Past]]''.</ref>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; The [[RMS Mauretania (1906)|RMS ''Mauretania'']] is launched on the [[River Tyne]], becoming the world's largest ship.
* [[September 30]] &ndash; The first [[Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning]] is held, starting in Paris. The winning team, piloting the balloon ''United States'', lands in [[Fylingdales]], [[Yorkshire]], England.
* [[October 1]] &ndash; The [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] becomes the first nation to include the right of women to stand as candidates when it adopts [[universal suffrage]].
* [[October 6]] &ndash; The [[National Consultative Assembly]] (''Majlis'') of Iran convenes for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Some Notes on the Early Minutes of the Iranian Parliament |url=https://journals.pan.pl/Content/125911/PDF/2022-FORI-07.pdf}}</ref>
* [[October 11]] &ndash; A United States diplomatic crisis with [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] arises when the San Francisco public school board orders Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools ([[Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907|it is resolved by next year]]).
* [[October 16]] &ndash; Imposter [[Wilhelm Voigt]] impersonates a [[Prussia]]n officer and takes over the city hall in [[Köpenick]] for a short time.
* [[October 23]] &ndash; An aeroplane of [[Alberto Santos-Dumont]] takes off at [[Château de Bagatelle|Bagatelle]] in France, and flies 60 meters (200&nbsp;feet). This is the first officially recorded powered flight in Europe.
* [[October 28]] &ndash; The [[Union Minière du Haut Katanga]], a mining trust, is created in the [[Belgian Congo]].

=== November–December ===
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[International Exhibition (1906)|International Exhibition]] opens in [[Christchurch]], New Zealand.
* [[November 3]] &ndash; {{overbar|[[SOS]]}} becomes adopted internationally as a [[distress signal]] (originally for ship-to-shore [[wireless telegraphy]]) on inclusion in the service regulations of the first [[International Radiotelegraph Convention (1906)|International Radiotelegraph Convention]] signed in Berlin and coming into effect on 1 July 1908.<ref>{{citation|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044103239133&view=1up&seq=36|title=Article XVI|work=Service Regulations annexed to the International Radiotelegraphic Convention|location=Berlin|date=1906-11-03|page=34|access-date=October 3, 2023|archive-date=November 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129104414/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044103239133&view=1up&seq=36|url-status=live}}.</ref>
* [[November 18]] &ndash; The steamboat ''[[Dix (steamboat)|Dix]]'' sinks en route from [[Seattle]] to [[Port Blakely]] claiming the lives of approximately 50 passengers and crew.
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[Alpha Phi Alpha]] fraternity forms at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; it is the first Black Greek-lettered collegiate order of its kind.
* [[December 6]] &ndash; The [[Transvaal Colony]] is granted responsible self-government by Britain.
* [[December 13]] &ndash; The [[United Kingdom]], [[France]] and [[Italy]] sign an agreement to preserve, in [[Ethiopia]], the integrity of the ancient empire of [[Ethiopian Empire|Abyssinia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.stateoʻ.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1907p1/d460 |title=Tripartite Agreement Regarding the Preservation of the Integrity of Ethiopia (December 13, 1906) |website=Foreign Relations of the United States |publisher=U.S. Department of State |access-date=2025-09-10}}</ref>
* [[December 15]] &ndash; The [[London Underground]]'s [[Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway]] opens.
* [[December 22]] &ndash; The {{M|w}} 7.9 [[1906 Manasi earthquake]] in Xinjiang, China, kills nearly 300 people.<ref name="CHINA: XINJIANG PROVINCE">{{cite web |title=China: Xinjiang Province |url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/2794 |website=NGDC NCEI |publisher=NCEI |access-date=17 March 2021 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507222310/https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/2794 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Reginald Fessenden]] makes the first radio broadcast: a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech, from [[Ocean Bluff-Brant Rock, Massachusetts|Brant Rock, Massachusetts]].
* [[December 26]] &ndash; The world's first feature film, ''[[The Story of the Kelly Gang]]'', is first shown, at the [[Melbourne Athenaeum]] in Australia.
* [[December 30]] &ndash; The [[All-India Muslim League]] is founded as a political party in [[Dhaka]] in the [[British Raj]]; it becomes a driving force for the creation of an independent [[Pakistan]].

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[BCG vaccine]] for [[tuberculosis]] is first developed.
* Construction begins on the modern-day [[Great Mosque of Djenné]].
* The Simplo Filler Pen Company is founded, later to become the [[Montblanc (company)|Montblanc]] Company in Germany.
* HaRishon Le Zion-Yafo Association is officially founded as a sports club in [[Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem|Palestine]], predecessor of [[Maccabi Tel Aviv]] (Israel).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.maccabi-tlv.co.il/en/the-club/about-the-club/about-the-club/|title=About the club - Maccabi Tel Aviv Football Club|work=Maccabi Tel Aviv Football Club|access-date=2018-06-12|language=en-US|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612211115/https://www.maccabi-tlv.co.il/en/the-club/about-the-club/about-the-club/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Births ==

=== January–February ===
[[File:John Carradine - The Green Hornet, Episode 23 (Alias The Scarf) - 1967.jpg|thumb|100px|[[John Carradine]]]]
[[File:Clyde W. Tombaugh.jpeg|thumb|100px|[[Clyde Tombaugh]]]]
[[File:Pu Yi, Qing dynasty, China, Last emperor.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Puyi]]]]
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Albert Hofmann]], Swiss chemist (d. [[2008]])
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Eric Birley]], British historian and archaeologist (d. [[1995]])
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Zhou Youguang]], Chinese linguist (d. [[2017]])
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[William Bendix]], American film, radio and television actor (d. [[1964]])
* [[January 15]] &ndash; [[Aristotle Onassis]], Greek shipping magnate (d. [[1975]])
* [[January 16]] &ndash; [[Diana Wynyard]], English actress (d. [[1964]])
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Igor Moiseyev]], Russian choreographer (d. [[2007]])
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Robert E. Howard]], American [[Pulp magazine|pulp fiction]] writer (suicide [[1936]])
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[Pat O'Callaghan]], Irish athlete (d. [[1991]])
* [[February 4]]
** [[Dietrich Bonhoeffer]], German religious, resistance leader (executed [[1945]])
** [[Clyde Tombaugh]], American astronomer (d. [[1997]])
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[John Carradine]], American actor (d. [[1988]])
* [[February 7]] 
** [[Oleg Antonov (aircraft designer)|Oleg Antonov]], Soviet aircraft designer (d. [[1984]])
** [[Puyi]], Last Emperor of China (d. [[1967]])
* [[February 8]] &ndash; [[Chester Carlson]], American physicist, inventor (d. [[1968]])
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Lon Chaney Jr.]], American actor (d. [[1973]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Nazim al-Qudsi]], 26th [[Prime Minister of Syria]] and 14th [[President of Syria]] (d. [[1998]])
* [[February 17]]
** [[Galo Plaza]], 29th President of Ecuador (d. [[1987]])
** [[Käte Selbmann]], German politician (d. [[1962]])<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Herbst |first=Andreas |author-link=Andreas Herbst |url=https://www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de/de/recherche/kataloge-datenbanken/biographische-datenbanken/kaete-selbmann |title=Who Was Who in the GDR? |date=2009 |publisher=Ch. Links Verlag |publication-place=Berlin |language=de |chapter=Selbmann, Käte |access-date=2024-04-12 |via=[[Bundesstiftung Aufarbeitung]]}}</ref>
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Hans Asperger]], Austrian pediatrician (d. [[1980]])
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Madeleine Carroll]], British actress (d. [[1987]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Bugsy Siegel]], American gangster (k. [[1947]])

=== March–April ===
[[File:Tomonaga.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Shin'ichirō Tomonaga]]]]
[[File:Bea Benadaret 1966.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Bea Benaderet]]]]
[[File:Samuel Beckett, Pic, 1 (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Samuel Beckett]]]]
[[File:Eddie Albert Robert Wagner Switch 1975 (cropped).JPG|thumb|100px|[[Eddie Albert]]]]
* [[March 1]]
** [[Phạm Văn Đồng]], Prime Minister of Vietnam (d. [[2000]])
** [[Abdus Sattar (president)|Abdus Sattar]], 8th President of Bangladesh (d. [[1985]])
* [[March 6]] &ndash; [[Lou Costello]], American actor (d. [[1959]])
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Ivor Moreton and Dave Kaye|Dave Kaye]], British pianist (d. [[1996]])<ref name=":6">''England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1916-2007'' [database on-line]. London, England: [[General Register Office for England and Wales|General Register Office]].</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=5 July 1940 |title=Notice |page=4137 |work=[[The London Gazette]] |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34889/page/4137/data.pdf |access-date=2 February 2022 |archive-date=February 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203223146/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34889/page/4137/data.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Francisco Ayala (novelist)|Francisco Ayala]], Spanish novelist (d. [[2009]])
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Adolf Eichmann]], German war criminal (executed [[1962]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Ozzie Nelson]], American actor, director and producer (d. [[1975]])
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Jim Thompson (designer)|Jim Thompson]], American businessman (disappeared [[1967]])
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[A. J. P. Taylor]], English historian (d. [[1990]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Rafael Méndez]], Mexican trumpet player (d. [[1981]])
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[Shin'ichirō Tomonaga]], Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1979]])
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Alexander Yakovlev]], Russian politician, architect of [[perestroika]] (d. [[1989]])
* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[Bea Benaderet]], American actress (d. [[1968]])
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Yin Shun]], Chinese Buddhist master (d. [[2005]])
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Virginia Hall]],  American spy with the [[Special Operations Executive]] during WWII (d. [[1982]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Antal Doráti]], Hungarian-born American conductor (d. [[1988]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Samuel Beckett]], Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1989]])
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Eddie Albert]], American actor and activist (d. [[2005]])
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[William Joyce]], Irish-American World War II Nazi propaganda broadcaster ("Lord Haw-Haw") (executed [[1946]])
* [[April 25]]
** [[Joel Brand]], Hungarian rescue worker (d. [[1964]])
** [[William J. Brennan Jr.]], [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1997]])
** [[A. W. Haydon]], American inventor (d. [[1982]])
* [[April 28]]
** [[Tony Accardo]], American gangster (d. [[1992]])
** [[Kurt Gödel]], Austrian logician, mathematician, and philosopher of mathematics (d. [[1978]])
*[[April 29]] &ndash; [[Pedro Vargas]], Mexican singer and actor (d. 1989)<ref>{{citation|website=Last.fm|access-date=August 24, 2019|url=https://www.last.fm/es/music/Pedro+Vargas/+wiki|title=Pedro Vargas|language=es|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406142553/https://www.last.fm/es/music/Pedro+Vargas/+wiki|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== May–June ===
[[File:Mary Astor-1930s.JPG|right|thumb|100px|[[Mary Astor]]]]
[[File:Roberto Rossellini.jpg|right|thumb|100px|[[Roberto Rossellini]]]]
[[File:Baker Harcourt 1940 2.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Josephine Baker]]]]
[[File:Maria Goeppert-Mayer.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Maria Goeppert Mayer]]]]
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Mary Astor]], American actress and writer (d. [[1987]])
* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[André Weil]], French mathematician (d. [[1998]])
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Roberto Rossellini]], Italian director (d. [[1977]])
* [[May 11]] 
** [[Jacqueline Cochran]], American aviator (d. [[1980]])
** [[Richard Arvin Overton]], oldest living man in the United States and oldest surviving American veteran ([[World War II]]) (d. [[2018]])
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[Humberto Delgado]], Portuguese general, politician (d. [[1965]])
* [[May 16]] &ndash; [[Arturo Uslar Pietri]], Venezuelan writer (d. [[2001]])
* [[May 19]]
** [[Bruce Bennett]], American athlete, actor (d. [[2007]])
** [[Jimmy MacDonald (sound effects artist)|Jimmy MacDonald]], Scottish-American sound effects artist, voice actor (d. [[1991]])
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Siri]], Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (d. [[1989]])
* [[May 27]] &ndash; [[Ajahn Buddhadasa]], Thai Buddhist monk (d. [[1993]])
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[T. H. White]], British writer (d. [[1964]])
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Josephine Baker]], American-born French entertainer (d. [[1975]])
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[Max August Zorn]], German-born American mathematician (d. [[1993]])
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Léon Degrelle]], Belgian fascist (d. [[1994]])
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[James H. Flatley]], American admiral, aviator (d. [[1958]])
* [[June 19]] &ndash; Sir [[Ernst Chain]], German-born British biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1979]])
* [[June 22]]
** [[Anne Morrow Lindbergh]], American author, aviator (d. [[2001]])
** [[Billy Wilder]], Austrian-born American screenwriter, film director and producer (d. [[2002]])
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Pierre Fournier]], French cellist (d. [[1986]])
* [[June 26]] 
** [[Viktor Schreckengost]], American industrial designer, teacher, sculptor and artist (d. [[2008]])
** [[M. P. Sivagnanam]], Indian politician (d. [[1995]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Catherine Cookson]], English author (d. [[1998]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Maria Goeppert Mayer]], German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1972]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1963/mayer/biographical/ |website=NobelPrize.org |access-date=9 April 2022 |archive-date=June 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620220855/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1963/mayer/biographical/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== July–August ===
[[File:Hans Bethe.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Hans Bethe]]]]
[[File:George Sanders Allan Warren.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Sanders]]]]
[[File:Satchel Paige.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Satchel Paige]]]]
[[File:Vladimir Prelog ETH-Bib Portr 00214.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Vladimir Prelog]]]]
<!--[[File:John Huston - publicity.JPG|thumb|100px|[[John Huston]]]]-->
[[File:Marie-Jose of Belgium, Queen of Italy.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Marie-José of Belgium]]]]
[[File:Sir John Betjeman (1906-1984).jpg|thumb|100px|Sir [[John Betjeman]]]]
[[File:Joaquin Balaguer 1977.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Joaquín Balaguer]]]]
* [[July 1]] 
** [[Jean Dieudonné]], French mathematician, academic (d. [[1992]])
** [[Estée Lauder (businesswoman)|Estée Lauder]], American cosmetics entrepreneur (d. [[2004]])
** [[Ivan Neill]], British Army officer and [[Unionism in Ireland|Irish Unionist]] politician (d. [[2001]])
* [[July 2]]
** [[Hans Bethe]], German-born American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[2005]])
** [[Károly Kárpáti]], Hungarian Jewish wrestler  (d. [[1996]])
* [[July 3]] 
** [[Alberto Lleras Camargo]], Colombian politician, 20th [[President of Colombia]] (d. [[1990]])
** [[George Sanders]], Russian-born British actor (d. [[1972]])
* [[July 4]] &ndash; [[Vincent Schaefer]], American chemist, meteorologist (d. [[1993]])
* [[July 7]]
** [[Helene Johnson]], African-American poet (d. [[1995]])
** [[Satchel Paige]], American baseball player (d. [[1982]])
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Philip Johnson]], American architect (d. [[2005]])
* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[Herbert Wehner]], German politician (d. [[1990]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[Dunc Gray]], Australian track cyclist (d. [[1996]])
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[S. I. Hayakawa]], Canadian-born American academic, politician (d. [[1992]])
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Caroline Smith (diver)|Caroline Smith]], American diver (d. [[1994]])
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Prelog]], Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1998]])
* [[August 5]]
** [[Joan Hickson]], British actress (d. [[1998]])
** [[John Huston]], American film director, screenwriter, and actor (d. [[1987]])
** [[Wassily Leontief]], Russian economist, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1999]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Marie-José of Belgium]], last Queen of Italy (d. [[2001]])<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cope |first1=Rebecca |title=The extraordinary life of the beautiful, and radical, last Queen of Italy |url=https://www.tatler.com/article/last-queen-of-italy-marie-jose |website=Tatler |access-date=17 August 2020 |archive-date=March 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328214026/https://www.tatler.com/article/last-queen-of-italy-marie-jose |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[August 14]] &ndash; [[Horst P. Horst]], German photographer (d. [[1999]])
* [[August 17]] &ndash; [[Marcelo Caetano]], [[Prime Minister of Portugal]] (d. [[1980]])
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Philo Farnsworth]], American inventor (d. [[1971]])
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Albert Sabin]], Polish-born American medical researcher (d. [[1993]]) 
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Ed Gein]], American serial killer (d. [[1984]])
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[John Betjeman]], English poet (d. [[1984]])
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Joan Blondell]], American actress (d. [[1979]])

=== September–October ===
[[File:Janet Gaynor (1934) (cropped).JPG|100px|thumb|[[Janet Gaynor]]]]
[[File:UNESCO History, Visite de S. Exc. M. Léopold Sedar Senghor, Président de la République du Sénégal - UNESCO - PHOTO0000002688 0001 (cropped).tiff|100px|thumb|[[Léopold Sédar Senghor]]]]
* [[September 1]]
** [[Joaquín Balaguer]], 41st, 45th, & 49th [[President of the Dominican Republic]], writer (d. [[2002]])
** [[Eleanor Alice Burford]], English writer (d. [[1993]])
* [[September 4]] &ndash; [[Max Delbrück]], German-born American biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1981]])
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Luis Federico Leloir]], French-born Argentine chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1987]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Andrei Kirilenko (politician)|Andrei Kirilenko]], Soviet politician (d. [[1990]])
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[J. R. Jayewardene]], President of Sri Lanka (d. [[1996]])
* [[September 26]]
** [[José Figueres Ferrer]], 32nd, 34th, & 38th [[President of Costa Rica]] (d. [[1990]])
** [[Dmitri Shostakovich]], Russian composer (d. [[1975]])
* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[William Empson]], English poet, critic (d. [[1984]])
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Janet Gaynor]], American Academy Award-winning actress (d. [[1984]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Léopold Sédar Senghor]], 1st [[President of Senegal]] (d. [[2001]])
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[R. K. Narayan]], Indian novelist (d. [[2001]])
* [[October 14]]
** [[Hassan al-Banna]], Egyptian founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (d. [[1949]])
** [[Hannah Arendt]], German political theorist (d. [[1975]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Honderich|editor-first=Ted|title=The Oxford Companion to Philosophy|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJFCAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT149|date=2005|publisher=[[OUP]]|isbn=978-0-19-103747-4|chapter=Arendt, Hannah (1906–1975)|page=149}}</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Gertrude Ederle]], American swimmer (d. [[2003]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Marie-Louise von Motesiczky]], Austrian-born British painter (d. [[1996]])
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Primo Carnera]], Italian boxer (d. [[1967]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Fredric Brown]], American writer (d. [[1972]])

=== November–December ===
[[File:Luchino Visconti 1972b.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Luchino Visconti]]]]
[[File:wanrong hat.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Wanrong]]]]
[[File:Leonid Brezjnev, leider van de Sovjet-Unie, Bestanddeelnr 925-6564.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Leonid Brezhnev]]]]
* [[November 2]]
** [[Ferit Melen]], 14th [[Prime Minister of Turkey]] (d. [[1988]])
** [[Luchino Visconti]], Italian theatre, cinema director, writer (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 5]]
** [[Philip Roberts (British Army officer)|Philip Roberts]], British general (d. [[1997]])
** [[Fred Lawrence Whipple]], American astronomer (d. [[2004]])
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Arthur Rudolph]], German rocket engineer (d. [[1996]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Josef Kramer]], German Nazi concentration camp commandant (d. [[1945]])
* [[November 13]]
** [[Wanrong]], last empress of China (d. [[1946]])
** [[Hermione Baddeley]], English character actress (d. [[1986]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Louise Brooks]], American actress (d. [[1985]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Curtis LeMay]], United States Air Force general, vice-presidential candidate (d. [[1990]])
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Henri Charrière]], French author (d. [[1973]])
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[Soichiro Honda]], Japanese industrialist (d. [[1991]])
* [[November 18]]
** [[Alec Issigonis]], Greek-born British automobile designer (d. [[1988]])
** [[Klaus Mann]], German writer (d. [[1949]])
** [[George Wald]], American scientist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1997]])
* [[November 22]] &ndash; [[Jørgen Juve]], Norwegian football player and journalist (d. [[1983]])
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Ahn Eak-tai]], Korean composer and conductor (d. [[1965]])
* [[December 9]] &ndash; [[Grace Hopper]], American computer scientist, naval officer (d. [[1992]])
* [[December 13]]
** [[Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark]] (d. [[1968]])
** [[Laurens van der Post]], South African author, journalist (d. [[1996]])
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Leonid Brezhnev]], Soviet leader (d. [[1982]])
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[James Hadley Chase]], English writer (d. [[1985]])
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Ernst Ruska]], German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1988]])<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hawkes|first=Peter W.|date=1990-07-01|title=Ernst Ruska|journal=Physics Today|volume=43|issue=7|pages=84–85|doi=10.1063/1.2810640|bibcode=1990PhT....43g..84H |issn=0031-9228|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Oscar Levant]], American pianist, composer, author, comedian, and actor (d. [[1972]])
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[Carol Reed]], English film director (d. [[1976]])

== Deaths ==

=== January–June ===
[[File:Bartolomé Mitre 01.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Bartolomé Mitre]]]]
[[File:Pierre Curie by Dujardin c1906.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Pierre Curie]]]]
[[File:Christian IX of Denmark color altered.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Christian IX of Denmark]]]]
[[File:Manuel Quintana -1910.JPG|thumb|110px|[[Manuel Quintana]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Todor Ivanchov]], 11th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1858]])
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Alexander Stepanovich Popov]], Russian physicist (b. [[1859]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Aleksandr_Popov|title=Aleksandr Popov - Engineering and Technology History Wiki|website=ethw.org|date=January 13, 2016|access-date=February 18, 2021|archive-date=February 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227224251/https://ethw.org/Aleksandr_Popov|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[January 18]] &ndash; Sir [[William Forbes Gatacre]], British general (b. [[1843]])
* [[January 19]] &ndash; [[Bartolomé Mitre]], Argentine statesman, military figure and author, 6th [[President of Argentina]] (b. [[1821]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Maria Cristina of the Immaculate Conception Brando]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] nun, saint (b. [[1856]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Joseph Wheeler]], American general, politician (b. [[1836]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; King [[Christian IX of Denmark]] (b. [[1818]])
* [[February 8]] &ndash; [[Giuseppina Gabriella Bonino]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed (b. [[1843]])
* [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Paul Laurence Dunbar]], American poet and publisher (b. [[1872]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/paul-laurence-dunbar|title=Paul Laurence Dunbar|date=November 7, 2022|website=Poetry Foundation|access-date=November 26, 2021|archive-date=April 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402170120/http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/paul-laurence-dunbar|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Albert Gottschalk]], Danish painter (b. [[1866]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[John B. Stetson]], American hat maker (b. [[1830]])
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Jean Lanfray]], Swiss convicted murderer (b. [[1874]])<ref name = "Conrad4">{{cite book
 | last = Conrad
 | first = Barnaby
 | title = Absinthe: History in a Bottle
 | date = February 1, 1997
 | publisher = Chronicle Books
 | isbn = 0-8118-1650-8
 | pages = g. 4
 }}</ref>
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Samuel Langley]], American astronomer, physicist, and aeronautics pioneer (b. [[1834]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0-902-198-84-X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|access-date=April 26, 2022|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074135/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[José María de Pereda]], Spanish writer (b. [[1833]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[John Schofield]], American general (b. [[1831]])
* [[March 8]] &ndash; [[Henry Baker Tristram]], English clergyman, ornithologist (b. [[1822]])
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[Manuel Quintana]], 15th [[President of Argentina]] (b. [[1835]])
* [[March 13]] 
** [[Susan B. Anthony]], American civil rights, women's suffrage activist (b. [[1820]])
** [[Joseph Monier]], French gardener, inventor (b. [[1823]])
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Johann Most]], German-American anarchist (b. [[1846]])<ref>{{cite book|author=A. T. Lane|title=Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=1995|isbn=9780313299001|page=674}}</ref>
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Victor Fatio]], Swiss zoologist (b. [[1838]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Adeline Dutton Train Whitney]], American author of juvenile literature for girls (b. [[1824]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Thomas Lake Harris]], American poet (b. [[1823]])
* [[March 29]] 
** [[Slava Raškaj]], Croatian painter (b. [[1877]])
** [[Albert Sorel]], French historian (b. [[1842]])
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Alexander Kielland]], Norwegian author (b. [[1849]])
* [[April 19]]
** [[Pierre Curie]], French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. [[1859]])
** [[Spencer Gore (sportsman)|Spencer Gore]], British tennis player, cricketer (b. [[1850]])
* [[April 25]] &ndash; [[John Knowles Paine]], American composer (b. [[1839]])
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin]], [[Sultan of Brunei]] (b. [[1825]])
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Carl Schurz]], German revolutionary, American statesman (b. [[1829]])<ref>{{cite book |author=Helge Dvorak |title=Biographisches Lexikon der Deutschen Burschenschaft |volume=Band I: Politiker Teilband 5: R-S |chapter=Schurz, Carl Christian |publisher=Universitätsverlag C. Winter |location=Heidelberg |year=2002 |pages=372–376 |language=de |isbn=3-8253-1256-9}}</ref>
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Henrik Ibsen]], Norwegian playwright (b. [[1828]])
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Eduard von Hartmann]], German philosopher (b. [[1842]])<ref>{{EB1911|wstitle=Hartmann, Karl Robert Eduard von |inline=1}}</ref>
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Richard Seddon]], 15th [[Prime Minister of New Zealand]] (b. [[1845]])
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[Harry Nelson Pillsbury]], American chess champion (b. [[1872]])
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Stanford White]], American architect (b. [[1853]])

=== July–December ===
[[File:Retrato de Carlos Pellegrini.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Carlos Pellegrini]]]]
[[File:Aniceto Arce President.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Aniceto Arce]]]]
[[File:Sanezequiel02.jpg|thumb|110px|Saint [[Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz]]]]
[[File:Paul-Cezanne.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Paul Cézanne]]]]
[[File:Archduke Otto Franz Joseph of Austria.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Archduke Otto of Austria (1865–1906)|Archduke Otto of Austria]]]]
[[File:Todor Burmov.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Todor Burmov]]]]
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Manuel García (baritone)|Manuel García]], Spanish opera singer, music educator and vocal pedagogue (b. [[1805]])
* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[Murder of Grace Brown|Grace Brown]], American murder/and or drowning victim (b. [[1886]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[Carlos Pellegrini]], 11th [[President of Argentina]] (b. [[1846]])
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[George Waterhouse (politician)|George Waterhouse]], 7th [[Prime Minister of New Zealand]] (b. [[1824]])
* [[August 14]] &ndash; [[Aniceto Arce]], 27th [[President of Bolivia]] (b. [[1824]])
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz]], Colombian [[Roman Catholic]] priest, saint (b. [[1848]])
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Giacosa]], Italian poet, librettist (b. [[1847]])
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[Ludwig Boltzmann]], Austrian physicist (b. [[1854]])
* [[September 13]] &ndash; [[Emily Pitts Stevens]], American school founder (b. [[1841]])
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[August Bondeson]], Swedish author (b. [[1844]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Adelaide Ristori]], Italian actress (b. [[1822]])
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Varina Davis]], [[First Lady]] of the [[Confederate States of America]] (b. [[1826]])
* [[October 19]]
** [[Arthur von Mohrenheim]], Russian diplomat (b. [[1824]])
** [[Charles Pfizer]], German-American chemist, co-founder of ''[[Pfizer]]'' (b. [[1824]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Paul Cézanne]], French painter (b. [[1839]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Paul Cézanne {{!}} French artist {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Cezanne |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=14 May 2023 |language=en |archive-date=August 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817193845/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Cezanne |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Stasov]], Russian music critic (b. [[1824]])
* [[October 30]] &ndash; [[Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook]], British politician (b. [[1814]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Archduke Otto of Austria (1865–1906)|Archduke Otto of Austria]] (b. [[1865]])
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Todor Burmov]], 1st [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1834]])
* [[November 9]] &ndash; Saint [[Elizabeth of the Trinity]], French [[Discalced Carmelite]] religious professed and saint (b. [[1880]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[William Rufus Shafter]], American general (b. [[1835]])
* [[November 16]] &ndash; Mother [[Veronica of the Passion]], Ottoman-born religious leader (b. [[1823]])
* [[November 19]], &ndash; [[Georgia Cayvan]], American stage actress (b. [[1857]])
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Jennie Yeamans]], Australian-born American actress (b. [[1862]])
* [[November 30]] 
** Sir [[Edward Reed (naval architect)|Edward Reed]], British naval architect, author, politician, and railroad magnate (b. [[1830]])
** [[John Ward (geologist)]], English palaeontologist (b. [[1837]])
* [[December 7]] &ndash; [[Élie Ducommun]], Swiss journalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. [[1833]])
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Sylvia Gerrish]], American musical theatre star (b. [[1860]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Jan Gerard Palm]], Dutch composer (b. [[1831]])
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Rajendrasuri]], Indian religious reformer (b. [[1827]])
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[Josephine Butler]], British feminist, social reformer (b. [[1828]])

== Nobel Prizes ==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|100px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] &ndash; [[J. J. Thomson]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] &ndash; [[Henri Moissan]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] &ndash; [[Camillo Golgi]] and [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] &ndash; [[Giosuè Carducci]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] &ndash; [[Theodore Roosevelt]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book|title=The Annual Register of World Events: A Review of the Year: 1906|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJU-AAAAYAAJ|year=1907|publisher=Longmans, Green}}, comprehensive guide to political events worldwide; emphasis on Britain

==Further reading==
* Gilbert, Martin. ''A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900-1933'' (1997); global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare; pp 123 – 42.
* ''Hazell's Annual for 1907'' (1907), worldwide events of 1906; 734pp  [https://archive.org/details/hazellsannualcyc1907pric online]

{{DEFAULTSORT:1906}}
[[Category:1906| ]]