View source for ČSD Class E 499.1

{{short description|Czechoslovakian electric locomotive}}
{{refimprove|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox locomotive
|name             = ČSD class E 499.1<br />ČD class 141
|powertype        = Electric
|image            = Cd141-052-1a.jpg
|caption          = 141.052 in Prague
|builder          = [[Škoda Works]]
|serialnumber     =
|buildmodel       = 30E
|builddate        = 1957–1961
|totalproduction  = 148
|aarwheels        =
|uicclass         = [[Bo′Bo′]]
|gauge            = {{Track gauge|1435mm|allk=on}}<br /> or {{Track gauge|1520mm|lk=on}}
|leadingdiameter  =
|wheeldiameter    = {{convert|1250|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}
|wheelbase        =
|length           = {{convert|16140|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
|width            = {{convert|2950|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
|height           = {{convert|3987|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
|frametype        =
|axleload         = {{convert|20.6|t}}
|locoweight       = {{convert|82.5|t}}
|electricsystem   = 3000 [[Volt|V]] [[Direct current|DC]] [[Overhead line]]s
|collectionmethod = [[Pantograph (transport)|Pantograph]]
|tractionmotors   = 3AL4846ZT, 4 off
|transmission     =
|maxspeed         = {{convert|120|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} (84:37 gear ratio)
|poweroutput      = {{convert|2032|kW|hp|abbr=on}}
|tractiveeffort   =
|factorofadhesion =
|locobrakes       = Oerlikon
|trainbrakes      = Westinghouse W-GP<br />DAKO DK-GP
|operator         = [[České dráhy|ČD]], [[Polskie Koleje Państwowe|PKP]], [[Russian Railways]]
|operatorclass    = 141 {{flag|CZE}}<br />EU05 {{flag|POL}}<br />ЧС3 (ChS3) {{flag|RUS}}
|numinclass       =
|fleetnumbers     =
|officialname     =
|nicknames        = Czech <small>([[Poland]])</small><br />Bobina <small>([[Czech language|Czech]])</small>
|locale           =
|deliverydate     = 1959 ([[České dráhy|ČD]])<br />1960 ([[Russian Railways]])<br />1961 ([[Polskie Koleje Państwowe|PKP]])
|firstrundate     = 1957
|lastrundate      =
|retiredate       =
|restoredate      =
|scrapdate        =
|currentowner     =
|disposition      =
}}
Class '''E 499.1''' [[electric locomotive]]s were constructed and built by [[Škoda Works]] in [[Plzeň]] for use in [[Czechoslovakia]] by the [[ČSD]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atlaslokomotiv.net/loko-141.html |title=Lokomotivní řada 141 (E499.1) |accessdate=2008-06-20 |author=David Švestka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130054344/http://www.atlaslokomotiv.net/loko-141.html |archive-date=2013-01-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref> They were also used outside Czechoslovakia in [[Poland]] as class '''[[EP05]]''' and in the [[Soviet Union]] as '''ЧС3''' ([[ChS3]]). In [[North Korea]], licence built copies were used ('''100''' series).

After the [[Revolutions of 1989|fall of the iron curtain]] and consequent upheavals in railway operations they remain in use with a number of railways. Still in the 1980s ČSD locomotives were renumbered to the class 141. After dividing Czechoslovakia in 1993 all locos of this class have remained in Czech republic.

==History==
The locomotive was produced in the years 1957-1960 in three types. ''20E<sub>1</sub>'', the prototype, different from serial production, ''30E<sub>1</sub>'' and ''30E<sub>2</sub>''. 61 engines were built in those series.

The prototype (E499.101) came into service on February 29, 1959. Most of locomotives stationed in [[Prague]], but some of them were sent to [[Ústí nad Labem]] and [[Česká Třebová]]. Currently the whole series is being systematically withdrawn with last units used in [[Prague]], [[Olomouc]] and [[Ústí nad Labem]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prototypy.cz/141/141.htm |title=Řada 141 ( E499.1 ) ČD |accessdate=2008-06-20 |author=Rosťa Kolmačka, Martin Třískala a Josef Minařík |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080429190857/http://www.prototypy.cz/141/141.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2008-04-29}}</ref>

==Technical data==
Class E499.1 [[electric locomotive]]s are used to pull both passenger and freight trains. They have driving cabs on either end of the box. This engine was not suited for multiple steering and shunting purposes. On a straight, horizontal track it could pull 600 t. passenger trains with the speed of up to 120&nbsp;km/h and 1000 t. freight trains with the speed of 80&nbsp;km/h.

==Service in other countries==

===Poland===

====EU05====
In need of modern [[electric locomotives]] for passenger trains, and unable to get timely delivery of [[PKP class EU06|EU06]] locomotives from [[England]], [[Poland]] bought 30 locomotives Type 44E from its southern neighbours. In 1961 it was the most modern locomotive running on [[Poland|Polish]] rail tracks. EU05 locomotives pulled fast passenger trains and were based in [[Warsaw|Warszawa Odolany]] and later in [[Warsaw|Warszawa Olszynka Grochowska]] depots. Those locomotives serviced chiefly connections from [[Warsaw]] to [[Poznań]] and [[Katowice]].

====EP05====
{{main|PKP class EP05}}
In 1969 [[Polskie Koleje Państwowe|PKP]] started testing several changes to enable EU05 locomotives to achieve speeds up to 160&nbsp;km/h. It appeared to be possible thanks to changing the transmission and as a result by 1977 almost all locomotives had been rebuilt to [[PKP class EP05|EP05]] class, except for locomotives 09, 12 and 19 which had been scrapped earlier. To distinguish the new series from its predecessor, the color scheme was changed from two-tone green to orange.

====Present day====
There are two units of EU05/EP05 left in service, which are in fact EP05-22 engine repainted in 2003. It serves as an exhibit in [[Kraków]]. And EP05-23 which was obtained by PKP Intercity  and repainted into orange livery in 2017. EP05-23 is in planned service as an active exhibit

===Soviet Union and Russia===

====ЧС3 ([[ChS3]])====
[[File:ChS3-45 at the Moscow Railway Museum, Rizhsky Rail Terminal (1).JPG|thumb|right|300px|[[ChS3]]-45 at the Moscow Railway Museum, [[Rizhsky Rail Terminal]]]]
In 1960 and 1961 87 units of similar type 29E were built for the [[Soviet Union]] railways. They were suited to run on the [[broad gauge]] rails and received ЧС3 ([[ChS3]]) designation. Several units of this locomotive were kept in service by the [[Russian Railways]] pulling mostly passenger trains. In [[Russia]] ЧС3 were very often used in pairs. The last operational units were converted to maintenance railcars<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.train-photo.ru/details.php?image_id=59486&sessionid=c |title=Электромотриса ПЭМ-4 |language=Russian |trans-title=Electric motorcar PEM-4 |last= |first= |date= |website=www.train-photo.ru |publisher= |access-date=18 December 2024 |quote=}}</ref>{{Non-primary source needed|date=December 2024}} (designated as EM or PEM) and retired by 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ChS3 — List of the vehicles |url=https://railgallery.ru/list.php?mid=179 |access-date=2024-07-17 |website=railgallery.ru |language=en}}</ref>

===North Korea===
After buying a number of Czechoslovak-built [[Škoda Type 22E2|Škoda Type 22E<sub>2</sub>]] type locomotives to expand its electric locomotive fleet, the [[Korean State Railway]] of [[North Korea]] obtained a licence, including technology transfer, to produce the Type 30E<sub>2</sub>. Several of Type 30E<sub>2</sub> were built by the [[Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works]] to gain experience with the design in preparation for the production of the [[Red Flag 1-class locomotive|Red Flag 1 class]], whose design was based on that of the Type 30E<sub>2</sub>.<ref name="Hayato-98">{{cite book| last=Kokubu| first=Hayato| title=将軍様の鉄道| date=January 2007| page=98 | publisher=Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō| isbn=978-4-10-303731-6| language=ja}}</ref>

Although the total number of  North Korean-built Type 30E<sub>2</sub>, which were numbered in the '''100''' series, is unknown, at least one (number 114) is still operational.

==Nicknames==
* '''Czech''' in [[Polish language|Polish]] - from nation of origin
* '''Piątka''' (Eng. ''The Five'') in [[Poland]] - from locos number
* '''Bobina''' in the [[Czech Republic]] - from wheel arrangement Bo'Bo'

==See also==
* [[List of České dráhy locomotive classes]]

==References==
{{More footnotes|date=April 2009}}
{{Reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* [http://rafikx.republika.pl/opis.htm Technical data and history of EU05 locomotives] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080418105225/http://rafikx.republika.pl/opis.htm |date=2008-04-18 }}, URL accessed on June 7, 2007.
* [http://rafikx.republika.pl/opis2.htm History of EU05 and EP05 series] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080418205651/http://rafikx.republika.pl/opis2.htm |date=2008-04-18 }}, URL accessed on June 7, 2007.
{{refend}}

{{commons category}}

{{PKP Locomotives}}
{{ČD Locomotives}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Csd Class E 499.1}}
[[Category:3000 V DC locomotives]]
[[Category:Škoda locomotives]]
[[Category:Bo′Bo′ electric locomotives ]]
[[Category:Electric locomotives of Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Electric locomotives of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1957]]
[[Category:Polish State Railways electric locomotives]]