View source for OpenSolaris

{{short description|Open source operating system from Sun Microsystems based on Solaris}}
{{other uses|Solaris (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox OS
  | name           = OpenSolaris
  | logo           = File:OpenSolaris Logo (2).svg
  | developer      = [[Sun Microsystems]]
  | family         = [[Unix]] ([[System V#SVR4|System V Release 4]])
  | language       = Multilingual (more than 53)<ref>{{cite web
    | author       = Petr Hruška
    | title        = Language/Locale Coverage
    | url          = http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Community+Group+int_localization/OpenSolaris201003TestPlan
    | work         = OpenSolaris 2010.03 Test Plan
    | publisher    = opensolaris.org
    | date         = April 6, 2010
    | access-date  = 2010-04-20
    | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100410014804/http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Community+Group+int_localization/OpenSolaris201003TestPlan
    | archive-date = April 10, 2010
    | url-status   = dead}}</ref>
  | source model   = [[Open-source software|Open source]]
  | screenshot     = [[File:OpenSolaris-snv 134b.png|300px]]
  | caption        = OpenSolaris build snv_134b
  | released       = {{Start date and age|2008|05|05}}
  | latest release version = 2009.06
  | latest release date    = {{Start date and age|2009|06|01}}
  | latest preview version = snv_134 (build 134) [http://dlc.openindiana.org/isos/archive/opensolaris/osol-dev-134-x86.iso x86]/[http://dlc.openindiana.org/isos/archive/opensolaris/osol-dev-134-ai-sparc.iso SPARC]
  | latest preview date    = {{Start date and age|2010|03|08}}
  | working state  = Discontinued, continued by [[illumos]]<ref name="mail.opensolaris.org">{{cite web
    | title        = /osol-discuss/ OpenSolaris cancelled, to be replaced with Solaris 11 Express
    | url          = http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/opensolaris-discuss/2010-August/059310.html
    | access-date  = 2012-02-28
    | url-status   = dead
    | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100816225601/http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/opensolaris-discuss/2010-August/059310.html
    | archive-date = 2010-08-16 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
    | title        = /osol-discuss/ OpenSolaris cancelled, to be replaced with Solaris 11 Express
    | url          = http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/opensolaris-discuss/2010-August/059316.html
    | access-date  = 2012-02-28
    | url-status   = dead
    | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120105104401/http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/opensolaris-discuss/2010-August/059316.html
    | archive-date = 2012-01-05 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
    | author       = Garrett D'Amore
    | title        = illumos - Hope and Light Springs Anew - Presented by Garrett D'Amore
    |date=3 August 2010
    | url          = http://www.illumos.org/attachments/download/3/illumos.pdf
    | publisher    = illumos.org
    | access-date  = 3 August 2010}}</ref>
  | update model   = [[Image Packaging System]]
  | package manager= Package Manager, <code>pkg</code>
  | programmed in  = [[C (programming language)|C]]
  | kernel type    = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]]
  | userland       = [[SVR4]] C library, [[GNU Core Utilities]] and traditional [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] commands
  | ui             = [[GNOME]]
  | license        = Mostly [[Common Development and Distribution License|CDDL]] with proprietary components<ref>{{cite web
    | title        = OpenSolaris Binary Licensing FAQ
    | url          = http://opensolaris.org/os/about/faq/binary_licensing_faq/
    | publisher    = opensolaris.org
    | access-date  = 2009-11-21
    | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091001235503/http://www.opensolaris.org/os/about/faq/binary_licensing_faq/
    | archive-date = 2009-10-01
    | url-status   = dead
    }}</ref> and other licenses
  | supported_platforms = [[SPARC]], [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]]
  | website        = {{web archive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080605131001/http://www.opensolaris.org/index.html|title=opensolaris.org}}

  }}

'''OpenSolaris''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|oʊ|p|ən|_|s|ə|ˈ|l|ɑːr|ɪ|s}}{{refn|The pronunciation rhymes with {{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Polaris |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806002812/https://www.lexico.com/definition/polaris |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-08-06 |title=Polaris |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}}}) is a discontinued [[open-source software|open-source]] computer [[operating system]] for [[SPARC]] and [[x86]] based systems, created by [[Sun Microsystems]] and based on [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]]. Its development began in the mid 2000s and ended in 2010.

OpenSolaris was developed as a combination of several software ''consolidations'' that were open sourced starting with Solaris 10. It includes a variety of [[free software]], including popular [[desktop computer|desktop]] and [[server (computing)|server]] software.<ref>
{{cite web |author=Jim Grisanzio |date=December 12, 2009 |title=OpenSolaris Consolidation Information |url=http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/conslist |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729120326/http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/conslist |archive-date=July 29, 2012 |access-date=2010-04-22 |publisher=opensolaris.org}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web |author=Jim Grisanzio |date=March 26, 2010 |title=What version of the Solaris Operating System is OpenSolaris? |url=http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/general_faq#HWhatversionoftheSolarisOperatingSystemisOpenSolaris |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120102124622/http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/general_faq#HWhatversionoftheSolarisOperatingSystemisOpenSolaris |archive-date=January 2, 2012 |access-date=2010-04-22 |publisher=opensolaris.org}}
</ref> It is a descendant of the [[UNIX System V]] [[UNIX System V#SVR4|Release 4]] (SVR4) code base developed by Sun and [[Old AT&T|AT&T]] in the late 1980s and is the only version of the System V variant of UNIX available as open source.<ref>The [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] variant of UNIX, on which versions of Solaris prior to Solaris 2 (= [[SunOS]] 5) were based, has been open-source since June 1994.</ref> 

After Oracle's [[Sun acquisition by Oracle|acquisition of Sun Microsystems]] in 2010, Oracle discontinued development of OpenSolaris in house, pivoting to focus exclusively on the development of the proprietary [[Solaris (operating system)#Development release|Solaris Express]] (now [[Oracle Solaris]]).<ref>{{cite web
 | title       = OpenSolaris is now officially dead. RIP.
 | url       = http://blogs.everycity.co.uk/alasdair/2010/08/opensolaris-is-now-officially-dead-rip/
 | access-date       = 2010-08-13
 | archive-date       = 2010-08-15
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20100815215958/http://blogs.everycity.co.uk/alasdair/2010/08/opensolaris-is-now-officially-dead-rip/
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | title       = Site Decommissioned
 | url       = http://opensolaris.org/decommission/index.jsp
 | publisher       = opensolaris.org
 | access-date       = 2012-12-29
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20121228144121/http://opensolaris.org/decommission/index.jsp
 | archive-date       = 2012-12-28
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref> Prior to Oracle's [[proprietary software|close-sourcing]] Solaris, a group of former OpenSolaris developers began efforts to [[fork (software development)|fork]] the core software under the name [[OpenIndiana]], and the [[illumos]] Foundation that was created at the time continues to develop and maintain the [[kernel (operating system)|kernel]] and [[userland (computing)|userland]] of OpenIndiana,<ref name="OpenIndianaSite">{{cite web
 | title       = Welcome to Project OpenIndiana!
 | url         = http://openindiana.org/
 | date        = 10 September 2010
 | publisher   = [[OpenIndiana|Project OpenIndiana]]
 | access-date  = 28 September 2010}}</ref> and since then additional [[illumos#Distributions|illumos distributions]], both commercial and non-commercial, have appeared and are under active development.

==History==
{{further|Solaris (operating system)#History}}
OpenSolaris was based on Solaris, which was originally released by Sun in 1991. Solaris is a version of [[UNIX System V]] [[UNIX System V#SVR4|Release 4]] (SVR4), jointly developed by Sun and AT&T to merge features from several existing [[Unix]] systems. It was licensed by Sun from [[Novell]] to replace [[SunOS]].<ref>
{{cite press release
 | title       = SunSoft introduces first shrink-wrapped distributed computing solution: Solaris
 | url         = http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/media/presskits/25years/pr.html#solaris
 | publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | date        = September 4, 1991
 | access-date  = 2007-08-07
}}</ref>

Planning for OpenSolaris started in early 2004. A pilot program was formed in September 2004 with 18 non-Sun community members and ran for 9 months growing to 145 external participants.<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Jörg Schilling
 |title        = More ksh93 builtins
 |url          = http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/ogb-discuss/2010-March/007627.html
 |publisher    = opensolaris.org
 |date         = March 24, 2010
 |access-date   = 2010-04-12
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20111005100745/http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/ogb-discuss/2010-March/007627.html
 |archive-date = October 5, 2011
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> Sun submitted the [[Common Development and Distribution License|CDDL]] (Common Development and Distribution License) to the [[Open Source Initiative|OSI]], which approved it on January 14, 2005.

The first part of the Solaris code base to be open-sourced was the Solaris Dynamic Tracing facility (commonly known as [[DTrace]]), a tool that aids in the analysis, debugging, and tuning of applications and systems. DTrace was released under the CDDL on January 25, 2005, on the newly launched ''opensolaris.org'' website.<ref>
{{cite web
 | author      = Michael Singer
 | title       = Sun Cracks Open Solaris
 | url         = http://www.internetnews.com/dev-news/article.php/3463621
 | publisher   = InternetNews.com
 | date        = January 25, 2005
 | access-date  = 2010-04-12
}}</ref> The bulk of the Solaris system code was released on June 14, 2005. There remains some system code that is not open source and is available only as pre-compiled [[Binary file|binary]] files.

To direct the newly fledged project, a Community Advisory Board was announced on April 4, 2005: two were elected by the pilot community, two were employees appointed by Sun, and one was appointed from the broader [[free software community]] by Sun. The members were [[Roy Fielding]], Al Hopper, Rich Teer, Casper Dik, and [[Simon Phipps (programmer)|Simon Phipps]]. On February 10, 2006, Sun approved ''The OpenSolaris Charter'', which reestablished this body as the independent OpenSolaris Governing Board.<ref>
{{cite web
 |author      = Simon Phipps
 |date        = February 10, 2006
 |title       = OpenSolaris Independence Day
 |url         = http://blogs.sun.com/roller/page/webmink?entry=opensolaris_independence_day
 |publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |access-date  = 2009-11-21
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20060225090717/http://blogs.sun.com/roller/page/webmink?entry=opensolaris_independence_day
 |archive-date = February 25, 2006
}}</ref> The task of creating a governance document or "constitution" for this organization was given to the OGB and three invited members: Stephen Hahn and Keith Wesolowski (developers in Sun's Solaris organization) and Ben Rockwood (a prominent OpenSolaris community member). The former next-generation Solaris OS version under development by Sun to eventually succeed Solaris 10 was [[codename]]d 'Nevada', and was derived from what was the OpenSolaris codebase and this new code was then pulled into new OpenSolaris 'Nevada' snapshot builds. "While under Sun Microsystems' control, there were bi-weekly snapshots of Solaris Nevada (the codename for the next-generation Solaris OS to eventually succeed Solaris 10), and this new code was then pulled into new OpenSolaris preview snapshots available at Genunix.org. The stable releases of OpenSolaris are based on these Nevada builds."<ref name=phoronix-nevada>{{cite web
 | last        = Larabel
 | first       = Michael
 | title       = It Looks Like Oracle Will Stand Behind OpenSolaris
 | url         = https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=ODQyOQ
 | publisher   = [[Phoronix]]
 | date        = 2010-07-20
 | access-date  = 21 November 2012
}}</ref>

Initially, Sun's [[Solaris (operating system)#Development release|''Solaris Express'']] program provided a distribution based on the OpenSolaris code in combination with software found only in Solaris releases.<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Dan Price
 |date         = June 21, 2006
 |title        = What's New in Solaris Express 6/05 (Nevada Build 15)
 |url          = http://blogs.sun.com/dp/entry/what_s_new_in_solaris6
 |publisher    = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |access-date   = 2010-04-12
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20101021031920/http://blogs.sun.com/dp/entry/what_s_new_in_solaris6
 |archive-date = October 21, 2010
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> The first independent distribution was released on June 17, 2005, and many others have emerged since.<ref>{{cite web
 |date         = April 22, 2008
 |title        = Schillix's Homepage: Main / Announce
 |url          = http://schillix.berlios.de/pmwiki.php/Main/Announce
 |publisher    = Jörg Schilling
 |access-date   = 2010-04-08
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20111109182938/http://schillix.berlios.de/pmwiki.php/Main/Announce
 |archive-date = November 9, 2011
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

On March 19, 2007, Sun announced that it had hired [[Ian Murdock]], founder of [[Debian]], to head ''Project Indiana'',<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Simon Phipps
 |date         = March 19, 2007
 |title        = Charting the Next 25 Years
 |url          = http://blogs.sun.com/webmink/entry/charting_the_next_25_years
 |publisher    = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |access-date   = 2009-11-21
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090925191020/http://blogs.sun.com/webmink/entry/charting_the_next_25_years
 |archive-date = September 25, 2009
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> an effort to produce a complete OpenSolaris distribution, with [[GNOME]] and [[Userland (computing)|userland]] tools from [[GNU]], plus a network-based [[package management system]].<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Timothy Prickett Morgan
 |date         = August 2, 2007
 |title        = Q&A: Sun's Top Operating System Brass Talk OS Strategy
 |url          = http://www.itjungle.com/tug/tug080207-story01.html
 |publisher    = IT Jungle
 |access-date  = 2012-12-29
 |archive-date = 2013-03-04
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130304190824/http://www.itjungle.com/tug/tug080207-story01.html
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> The new distribution was planned to refresh the user experience and would become the successor to Solaris Express as the basis for future releases of Solaris.

On May 5, 2008, OpenSolaris 2008.05 was released in a format that could be booted as a [[Live CD]] or installed directly. It uses the GNOME desktop environment as the primary user interface. The later OpenSolaris 2008.11 release included a GUI for [[ZFS]]' snapshotting capabilities, known as Time Slider, that provides functionality similar to [[macOS]]'s [[Time Machine (macOS)|Time Machine]].

In December 2008, Sun Microsystems and [[Toshiba America Information Systems]] announced plans to distribute Toshiba laptops pre-installed with OpenSolaris.<ref>
{{cite web
 | author      = Tom Espiner
 | date        = December 12, 2008
 | title       = OpenSolaris now on Toshiba laptops
 | url         = https://www.zdnet.com/article/opensolaris-now-on-toshiba-laptops/
 | publisher   = [[ZDNet|ZDNet Australia]]
}}</ref><ref>
{{cite press release
 | title       = Sun Microsystems Launches Latest Version of OpenSolaris; Unveils Time Slider Visualization Tool and New Partnership with Toshiba to Build Line of OpenSolaris Laptops
 | url         = http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/pr/2008-12/sunflash.20081210.1.xml
 | publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | date        = December 10, 2008
 | access-date  = 2008-12-21
 }}</ref> On April 1, 2009, the [[Toshiba Tecra|Tecra M10]] and [[Toshiba Portégé|Portégé R600]] came preinstalled with OpenSolaris 2008.11 release and several supplemental software packages.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title       = Toshiba OpenSolaris Laptops
 | url         = http://www.opensolaris.com/toshibanotebook/
 | publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | access-date  = 2009-11-21
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | title       = Get the Toshiba OpenSolaris Laptop
 | url       = http://www.shopopensolaris.com/suntoshiba/home.htm
 | publisher       = ShopOpenSolaris.com
 | access-date       = 2009-11-21
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20100305071903/http://www.shopopensolaris.com/suntoshiba/home.htm
 | archive-date       = 2010-03-05
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref>

On June 1, 2009, OpenSolaris 2009.06 was released, with support for the SPARC platform.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title       = What's New In 2009.06
 | url         = http://www.opensolaris.com/learn/features/whats-new/200906/
 | publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | date        = June 2006
 | access-date  = 2009-11-21
}}</ref>

On January 6, 2010, it was announced that the Solaris Express program would be closed while an OpenSolaris binary release was scheduled to be released on March 26, 2010.<ref>
{{cite web
 |author      = Derek Cicero
 |title       = Update on SXCE
 |url         = http://opensolaris.org/jive/thread.jspa?threadID=121181
 |publisher   = opensolaris.org
 |date        = January 6, 2010
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120224073441/http://opensolaris.org/jive/thread.jspa?threadID=121181
 |archive-date = February 24, 2012
}}</ref> The OpenSolaris 2010.03 release never appeared.

On August 13, 2010, Oracle was rumored to have discontinued the OpenSolaris binary distribution to focus on the Solaris Express binary distribution program. Source code would continue to be accepted from the community and Oracle source code would continue to be released into Open Source, but Oracle code releases would occur only after binary releases. The internal email was released by an OpenSolaris kernel developer but was unconfirmed by Oracle.<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Steven Stallion
 |title        = Update on SXCE
 |url          = http://sstallion.blogspot.com/2010/08/opensolaris-is-dead.html
 |publisher    = Iconoclastic Tendencies
 |date         = August 13, 2010
 |access-date  = August 17, 2010
 |archive-date = November 9, 2020
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20201109033546/http://sstallion.blogspot.com/2010/08/opensolaris-is-dead.html
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

There was a post confirming the leak posted to the OpenSolaris Forums on August 13, 2010. Upstream contributions will continue through a new Oracle website, downstream source code publishing will continue, and binary distribution will continue under the old Solaris Express model, the but release of source code will occur after binary cuts, and binary cuts will become less frequent.<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Alasdair Lumsden
 |title        = Update on SXCE
 |url          = http://opensolaris.org/jive/thread.jspa?messageID=496203&tstart=0
 |publisher    = OpenSolaris.org
 |date         = August 13, 2010
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120514094002/http://opensolaris.org/jive/thread.jspa?messageID=496203&tstart=0
 |archive-date = May 14, 2012
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

On September 14, 2010, OpenIndiana was formally launched at the [[Joint Information Systems Committee|JISC]] Centre in [[London]]. While OpenIndiana is a fork in the technical sense, it is a continuation of OpenSolaris in spirit: the project intends to deliver a System V family operating system that is binary-compatible with the Oracle products Solaris 11 and Solaris 11 Express. However, rather than being based around the OS/Net{{clarify|Undefined term|date=November 2020}} consolidation like OpenSolaris was, OpenIndiana became a distribution based on illumos (the first release is still based around OS/Net). The project uses the same IPS package management system as OpenSolaris.<ref name="OIWikiFAQ"/>

On November 12, 2010, a final build of OpenSolaris (134b) was published by Oracle to the /release repository to serve as an upgrade path to Solaris 11 Express.

Oracle Solaris 11 Express 2010.11, a preview of Solaris 11 and the first release of the post-OpenSolaris distribution from Oracle, was released on November 15, 2010.<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Glynn Foster
 |title        = [osol-announce] Oracle Solaris 11 Express 2010.11 Releases Today!
 |url          = http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/opensolaris-announce/2010-November/001512.html
 |publisher    = opensolaris.org
 |date         = November 15, 2010
 |access-date   = 2010-11-15
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20111005100825/http://mail.opensolaris.org/pipermail/opensolaris-announce/2010-November/001512.html
 |archive-date = October 5, 2011
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

==Version history==
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-2}}
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan=2 | Version
! rowspan=2 | Build
! rowspan=2 width="125" | Release date
! colspan=3 | End of support phase<ref>{{cite web
 | title       = End of Service Life Status for OpenSolaris Operating System
 | url         = http://www.sun.com/service/eosl/eosl_opensolaris.html
 | publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | access-date  = 2009-09-28
}}</ref>
|-
! General Availability (GA)
! Post End of Version (EOV)
! SunSpectrum End of Service Life (SS-EOSL)
|- ---
| style="background-color:red;" | 2008.05
| align=center | 86
| align=center | {{sort|2008-05-13|13 May 2008}}
| align=center | {{sort|2008-11-13|13 November 2008}}
| align=center | {{sort|2011-05-13|13 May 2011}}
| align=center | -
|- ---
| style="background-color:red;" | 2008.11
| align=center | 101b
| align=center | {{sort|2008-11-25|25 November 2008}}
| align=center | {{sort|2009-05-25|25 May 2009}}
| align=center | {{sort|2011-11-25|25 November 2011}}
| align=center | -
|- ---
| style="background-color:red;" | 2009.06
| align=center | 111b
| align=center | {{sort|2009-06-01|1 June 2009}}
| align=center | {{sort|2009-12-01|1 December 2009}}
| align=center | {{sort|2012-06-01|1 June 2012}}
| align=center | {{sort|2014-06-01|1 June 2014}}
|}
{{Col-4}}
{| class="wikitable" align=
|-
! Color
! Meaning
|-
| style="background-color:red;" | Red
| Release no longer supported
|}
{{Col-end}}
{{Timeline Opensolaris}}

==Release model==
[[File:OpenSolaris-screenshot-2009-06.png|thumb|OpenSolaris 2009.06 x86 LiveCD GNOME with terminal]]
OpenSolaris was offered as both '''development''' (unstable) and '''production''' (stable) releases.

* '''Development''' releases were built from the latest OpenSolaris codebase (consolidations) and included newer technologies, security updates and bug fixes, and more applications, but may not have undergone extensive testing.
* '''Production''' releases were branched from a snapshot of the development codebase (following a [[code freeze]]) and underwent a [[quality assurance|QA]] process that includes [[backport]]ing security updates and bug fixes.

OpenSolaris can be installed from [[CD-ROM]], [[USB]] drives, or over a network with the Automated Installer.<ref>{{Citation
 | title       = OpenSolaris 2010.03 Automated Installer Guide
 | url       = http://dlc.sun.com/osol/docs/content/dev/AIinstall/
 | publisher       = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20111002153713/http://dlc.sun.com/osol/docs/content/dev/AIinstall/
 | archive-date       = 2011-10-02
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref> CD, USB, and network install images are made available for both types of releases.<ref>{{Citation
 | title       = OpenSolaris distributions and development releases
 | url         = http://www.genunix.org/
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050701032111/http://www.genunix.org/
 | url-status  = usurped
 | archive-date = July 1, 2005
 | publisher   = genunix.org
}}[ ]</ref>

===Repositories===
OpenSolaris uses a network-aware [[package management system]] called the ''Image Packaging System'' (also known as pkg(5)) to add, remove, and manage installed software and to update to newer releases.

Packages for development releases of OpenSolaris were published by Oracle typically every two weeks to the ''/dev'' repository.<ref>[http://pkg.opensolaris.org/dev/ OpenSolaris Development Release Packaging Repository]{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |author     = Alan McClellan
 |date       = April 10, 2009
 |title      = Additional IPS Repositories
 |url        = http://wikis.sun.com/display/OSOLDesign/OpenSolaris+Development+Environment+Guide#OpenSolarisDevelopmentEnvironmentGuide-AdditionalIPSRepositories
 |publisher  = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |access-date = 2010-04-27
}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Production releases use the ''/release'' repository<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pkg.opensolaris.org/release/ |title=OpenSolaris Packaging Repository |access-date=2010-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113055727/http://pkg.opensolaris.org/release |archive-date=2011-11-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> which does not receive updates until the next production release. Only Sun customers with paid support contracts have access to updates for production releases.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title       = Service Life Status for OpenSolaris Operating System Releases
 | url         = http://www.sun.com/service/eosl/eosl_opensolaris.html
 | publisher   = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | access-date  = 2010-04-27
}}</ref>

Paid support for production releases which allows access to security updates and bug fixes was offered by Sun through the ''/support'' repository on ''pkg.sun.com''.

==Documentation==
A [[hardware compatibility list]] (HCL) for OpenSolaris can be consulted when choosing hardware for OpenSolaris deployment.<ref>{{Citation
 | title       = OpenSolaris Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)
 | url         = http://www.oracle.com/webfolder/technetwork/hcl/index.html
 | publisher   = [[Oracle Corporation]]
}}</ref>

Extensive OpenSolaris administration, usage, and development documentation is available online,<ref>{{Citation
 | title       = OpenSolaris documentation page
 | url       = http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/documentation
 | publisher       = opensolaris.org
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20091124091118/http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/documentation
 | archive-date       = 2009-11-24
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref> including community-contributed information.<ref>{{Citation
 | title       = OpenSolaris information resources home wiki
 | url       = http://wikis.sun.com/display/OpenSolarisInfo/Home
 | publisher       = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20090321075108/http://wikis.sun.com/display/OpenSolarisInfo/Home
 | archive-date       = 2009-03-21
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref>

==License==
{{Main|Common Development and Distribution License}}
Sun released most of the Solaris source code under the ''Common Development and Distribution License'' ([[CDDL]]), which is based on the [[Mozilla Public License]] (MPL) version 1.1. The CDDL was approved as an open source license by the [[Open Source Initiative]] (OSI) in January 2005. Files licensed under the CDDL can be combined with files licensed under other licenses, whether open source or proprietary.<ref name="cddl_combo">{{cite web
 |title       = Can code licensed under the CDDL be combined with code licensed under other open source licenses?
 |url         = http://www.opensolaris.org/os/about/faq/licensing_faq/#CDDL-combo
 |work        = OpenSolaris FAQ: Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL)
 |publisher   = OpenSolaris
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071027082141/http://www.opensolaris.org/os/about/faq/licensing_faq/#CDDL-combo
 |archive-date = 2007-10-27
}}</ref>

During Sun's announcement of Java's release under the [[GNU General Public License]] (GPL), [[Jonathan I. Schwartz|Jonathan Schwartz]] and [[Richard Green (technologist)|Rich Green]] both hinted at the possibility of releasing Solaris under the GPL, with Green saying he was "certainly not" averse to relicensing under the GPL.<ref>{{cite web
 | url         = http://mediacast.sun.com/share/tmarble/Sun_Opens_Java.ogg
 | format         = [[OGG Theora]]
 | title         = Sun Opens Java
 | publisher         = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 | archive-url         = https://web.archive.org/web/20090319020035/http://mediacast.sun.com/share/tmarble/Sun_Opens_Java.ogg
 | archive-date         = 2009-03-19
 | url-status         = dead
 }}</ref> When Schwartz pressed him (jokingly), Green said Sun would "take a very close look at it." In January 2007, [[eWeek]] reported that anonymous sources at Sun had told them OpenSolaris would be dual-licensed under CDDL and GPLv3.<ref>{{cite news
 | first       = Peter
 | last        = Galli
 | title       = Sun to License OpenSolaris Under GPLv3
 | url         = http://www.eweek.com/c/a/IT-Infrastructure/Sun-to-License-OpenSolaris-Under-GPLv3/
 | publisher   = [[eWeek]]
 | date        = January 16, 2007
}}</ref> Green responded in his blog the next day that the article was incorrect, saying that although Sun is giving "very serious consideration" to such a dual-licensing arrangement, it would be subject to agreement by the rest of the OpenSolaris community.<ref>{{cite web
 |author       = Rich Green
 |title        = All the News That's Fit to Print
 |url          = https://blogs.oracle.com/richgreen/entry/all_the_news_that_s
 |work         = Rich Green's Weblog
 |date         = January 17, 2007
 |access-date   = 2007-01-25
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093921/http://blogs.oracle.com/richgreen/entry/all_the_news_that_s
 |archive-date = July 17, 2011
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> <!-- Sun's Jonathan Schwartz announced in his April 16 MySQL Conference keynote that all Sun's CDDL-licensed products would be published under the GPLv2. -->

==Conferences==
The first annual OpenSolaris Developer Conference (abbreviated as OSDevCon) was organized by the [[German Unix User Group]] (GUUG) and took place from February 27 to March 2, 2007, at the [[Free University of Berlin|Freie Universität Berlin]] in [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite web |author= |author-link= |date=February 22, 2007 |title=OpenSolaris Developer Conference 2007 |url=http://www.guug.de/veranstaltungen/osdevcon2007/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413234348/http://www.guug.de/veranstaltungen/osdevcon2007/ |archive-date=2010-04-13 |access-date=2010-04-12 |publisher=[[German Unix User Group]]}}</ref> The 2008 OSDevCon was a joint effort of the GUUG and the Czech OpenSolaris User Group (CZOSUG) and look place June 25–27, 2008, in [[Prague]], Czech Republic.<ref>
{{cite web |author= |title=OpenSolaris Developer Conference 2008 |url=http://www.osdevcon.org/2008/ |access-date=2010-04-12 |website=OpenSolaris Developer Conference}}</ref> The 2009 OSDevCon look place October 27–30, 2009, in [[Dresden]], Germany.<ref>
{{cite web |author= |author-link= |title=OpenSolaris Developer Conference 2009 |url=http://www.osdevcon.org/2009/ |access-date=2010-04-12 |website=OpenSolaris Developer Conference}}</ref>

In 2007, Sun Microsystems organized the first OpenSolaris Developer Summit, which was held on the weekend of October 13, 2007, at the [[University of California, Santa Cruz]] in the [[United States]].<ref>{{cite web |author1=Linda Bernal |author2=Eric Boutilier |author3=Bonnie Corwin |author4=Jim Grisanzio |author5=Jesse Silver |date=October 26, 2009 |title=OpenSolaris Newsletter: October 2007 |url=http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Community+Group+advocacy/2007 |publisher=opensolaris.org |access-date=2010-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606062730/http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Community+Group+advocacy/2007 |archive-date=June 6, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The 2008 OpenSolaris Developer Summit returned to UCSC on May 2–3, 2008, and took place immediately prior to the launch of Sun's new OpenSolaris distribution on May 5, 2008, at the [[CommunityOne]] conference in [[San Francisco, California]].<ref>
{{cite web
 | title       = OpenSolaris Summit
 | date        = August 31, 2009
 | url         = http://wiki.genunix.org/wiki/index.php/OpenSolaris_Summit
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090129123710/http://wiki.genunix.org/wiki/index.php/OpenSolaris_Summit
 | url-status  = usurped
 | archive-date = January 29, 2009
 | publisher   = genunix
 | access-date  = 2010-04-12
}}</ref>

The first OpenSolaris Storage Summit was organized by Sun and held September 21, 2008, preceding the [[Storage Networking Industry Association|SNIA]] Storage Developer Conference (SDC), in [[Santa Clara, California]].<ref>{{cite web
 |title        = OpenSolaris Storage Summit 2008
 |date         = March 25, 2010
 |url          = http://wikis.sun.com/display/OpenSolaris/OpenSolaris+Storage+Summit+2008
 |publisher    = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |access-date   = 2010-04-12
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100105205233/http://wikis.sun.com/display/OpenSolaris/OpenSolaris+Storage+Summit+2008
 |archive-date = January 5, 2010
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> The second OpenSolaris Storage Summit preceded the [[USENIX]] Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST) on February 23, 2009, in San Francisco, United States.<ref>{{cite web
 |title        = OpenSolaris Storage Summit 200902
 |url          = http://wikis.sun.com/display/OpenSolaris/OpenSolaris+Storage+Summit+2008
 |publisher    = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |date         = November 15, 2009
 |access-date   = 2010-04-12
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100105205233/http://wikis.sun.com/display/OpenSolaris/OpenSolaris+Storage+Summit+2008
 |archive-date = January 5, 2010
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

On November 3, 2009, a Solaris/OpenSolaris Security Summit was held by Sun in the [[Inner Harbor]] area of [[Baltimore, Maryland]], preceding the [[Large Installation System Administration Conference]] (LISA).<ref>{{cite web
 |title        = Security Summit November 2009&nbsp;— Make System Security Work for You
 |url          = http://wikis.sun.com/display/secsummit09/Security+Summit+November+2009+-+Make+System+Security+Work+for+You
 |publisher    = [[Sun Microsystems]]
 |date         = December 21, 2009
 |access-date   = 2010-04-12
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090926145833/http://wikis.sun.com/display/secsummit09/Security+Summit+November+2009+-+Make+System+Security+Work+for+You
 |archive-date = September 26, 2009
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

==Ports==
* [[PowerPC]] Port:<ref>{{Citation
 |title       = PowerPC
 |url         = http://opensolaris.org/os/community/power_pc/
 |publisher   = opensolaris.org
 |access-date  = 2012-12-29
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091017002900/http://opensolaris.org/os/community/power_pc/
 |archive-date = October 17, 2009
}}</ref> Project Polaris, experimental PowerPC port,<ref>{{Citation|title=Polaris native boot |url=http://www.blastwave.org/articles/BLS-0055/index.html |publisher=blastwave.org |access-date=2012-12-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925152452/http://www.blastwave.org/articles/BLS-0055/index.html |archive-date=September 25, 2008 }}</ref> based on the previous porting effort, Project Pulsar<ref>{{Citation|title=Project Pulsar |url=http://labs.oracle.com/spotlight/2006/2006-06-14-SolarisPPC.html |publisher=[[Sun Microsystems]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807061921/http://labs.oracle.com/spotlight/2006/2006-06-14-SolarisPPC.html |archive-date=August 7, 2011 }}</ref> from Sun Labs.
*[[OpenSolaris for System z]],<ref>{{Citation
 |title       = Systemz project
 |url         = http://opensolaris.org/os/project/systemz/
 |publisher   = opensolaris.org
 |access-date  = 2012-12-29
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090825162814/http://opensolaris.org/os/project/systemz/
 |archive-date = August 25, 2009
}}</ref> for [[IBM mainframes]]: Project Sirius, developed by Sine Nomine Associates, named as an analogy to Polaris.
* OpenSolaris on [[ARM architecture|ARM]] Port<ref>{{Citation
 |title       = ARM Platform Port
 |url         = http://opensolaris.org/os/project/osarm/
 |publisher   = opensolaris.org
 |access-date  = 2012-12-29
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091016061205/http://opensolaris.org/os/project/osarm/
 |archive-date = October 16, 2009
}}</ref>
* OpenSolaris on [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]] Port<ref>{{Citation
 |title       = MIPS Platform Port
 |url         = http://opensolaris.org/os/project/mips/
 |publisher   = opensolaris.org
 |access-date  = 2012-12-29
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091004094537/http://opensolaris.org/os/project/mips/
 |archive-date = October 4, 2009
}}</ref>

==Derivatives==
{{See also|illumos#Current distributions|Solaris (operating system)#Open source derivatives|Comparison of OpenSolaris distributions}}Notable derivatives include:
*[[illumos]], a fully open source fork of the project, started in 2010 by a community of Sun OpenSolaris engineers and the NexentaOS support. Note that OpenSolaris was not 100% open source: Some drivers and some libraries were property of other companies that Sun (now Oracle) licensed and was not able to release.
*[[OpenIndiana]], a project under the illumos umbrella aiming "...&nbsp;to become the defacto OpenSolaris distribution installed on production servers where security and bug fixes are required free of charge."<ref name="OIWikiFAQ">{{Citation
 | title       = Frequently Asked Questions] From the OpenIndiana Wiki
 | url       = http://wiki.openindiana.org:8080/display/oi/Frequently+Asked+Questions
 | publisher       = [[OpenIndiana]]
 | access-date       = 2012-12-29
 | archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094047/http://wiki.openindiana.org:8080/display/oi/Frequently+Asked+Questions
 | archive-date       = 2011-02-09
 | url-status       = dead
 }}</ref>
*[[NexentaStor]], optimized for storage workloads, based on Nexenta OS
* [[OSDyson]]: illumos kernel with [[GNU]] userland and packages from [[Debian]]. Strives to become an official Debian port.
* [[SmartOS]]: Virtualization-centered derivative from [[Joyent]].

===Discontinued===
* [[Nexenta OS]] (discontinued October 31, 2012), first distribution based on [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]] userland with Solaris-derived kernel<ref>{{Citation
 | title       = DownloadMirrors - Nexenta Project Wiki
 | url         = http://www.nexenta.org/os/DownloadMirrors
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100405120551/http://www.nexenta.org/os/DownloadMirrors
 | archive-date = 2010-04-05
}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}
* [[Comparison of OpenSolaris distributions]]
* [[Comparison of open source operating systems]]
* [[Image Packaging System]]
* [[OpenSolaris Network Virtualization and Resource Control]]
* [[Darwin (operating system)]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book
 |first1       = Harry
 |last1        = Foxwell
 |first2       = Christine
 |last2        = Tran
 |title        = Pro OpenSolaris
 |publisher    = [[Apress]]
 |date         = April 22, 2009
 |edition      = First
 |pages        = 280
 |isbn         = 978-1-4302-1891-3
 |url          = http://www.apress.com/book/view/1430218916
 |access-date  = May 4, 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120218144427/http://www.apress.com/book/view/1430218916
 |archive-date = February 18, 2012
 |url-status   = dead
}}
*{{Cite book
 |first1       = Nicholas A.
 |last1        = Solter
 |first2       = Jerry
 |last2        = Jelinek
 |first3       = David
 |last3        = Miner
 |title        = OpenSolaris Bible
 |date         = February 12, 2009
 |edition      = First
 |publisher    = [[John Wiley & Sons|Wiley]]
 |pages        = 1008
 |isbn         = 978-0-470-38548-7
 |url          = http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470385480.html
 |access-date  = May 4, 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100522201226/http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470385480.html
 |archive-date = May 22, 2010
 |url-status   = dead
}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|OpenSolaris}}
* {{web archive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080605131001/http://www.opensolaris.org/index.html|title=Official website}}

{{Solaris}}
{{Unix-like}}
{{Sun Microsystems}}
{{Oracle FOSS}}
{{Operating systems}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Opensolaris}}
[[Category:OpenSolaris]]
[[Category:2008 software]]
[[Category:Discontinued operating systems]]
[[Category:Formerly proprietary software]]
[[Category:Operating system distributions bootable from read-only media]]
[[Category:Software using Common Development and Distribution License]]
[[Category:Sun Microsystems software]]
[[Category:X86-64 operating systems]]