View source for Muskogee, Oklahoma

{{Use American English|date=June 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | name                     = Muskogee, Oklahoma
 | settlement_type          = [[List of cities in Oklahoma|City]]
 | image_skyline            = {{Photomontage
   | photo1a = Pre-Statehood Commercial District.JPG
   | photo2a = Severs Hotel.JPG
   | photo2b = Surety Building.JPG
   | photo3a = Exterior of the Ed Edmondson Courthouse, also known as the U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, occupies an entire block between West Broadway, West Okmulgee Avenues and Fifth Street, Muskogee, Oklahoma LCCN2014630122.tif
 }}
 | imagesize                = 
 | image_alt                = 
 | image_caption            = From top, left to right: Pre-Statehood Commercial District, Severs Hotel, Surety Building, Ed Edmondson United States Courthouse
 | image_flag               = 
 | flag_size                = 
 | flag_alt                 = 
 | flag_border              = 
 | image_seal               = Seal of muskogee.JPG
 | seal_size                = 90
 | seal_alt                 = 
 | seal_type                = The Great Seal of the City of Muskogee
 | etymology                = [[Creek language]]
 | nickname                 = The Skoge, Oklahoma's River City, Oklahoma's Music City
 | motto                    = "A Place Where Even Squares Can Have A Ball"
 | image_map                = 
 | map_caption              = 
 | image_map1               = OKMap-doton-Muskogee.PNG
 | map_caption1             = Location of Muskogee in Oklahoma
 | pushpin_map              = Oklahoma
 | pushpin_label_position   = 
 | pushpin_map_alt          = 
 | pushpin_map_caption      = 
 | coordinates              = {{coord|35|44|36|N|95|21|24|W|type:city_region:US-OK|display=inline,title}}
 | coor_pinpoint            = 
 | coordinates_footnotes    = 
 | subdivision_type         = Country
 | subdivision_name         = United States
 | subdivision_type1        = State
 | subdivision_name1        = Oklahoma
 | subdivision_type2        = County
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Muskogee County, Oklahoma|Muskogee County]]
 | subdivision_type3        = District
 | subdivision_name3        = 
 | subdivision_type4        = 
 | subdivision_name4        = 
 | subdivision_type5        = 
 | subdivision_name5        = 
 | established_title        = Founded
 | established_date         = March 16, 1898
 | established_title1       = 
 | established_date1        = 
 | established_title2       = 
 | established_date2        = 
 | established_title3       = 
 | established_date3        = 
 | founder                  = 
 | seat_type                = 
 | seat                     = 
 | government_type          = [[Council-manager]]
 | leader_party             = 
 | leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
 | leader_name              = Patrick Cale (R)
 | leader_title1            = Mayor
 | leader_name1             = 
 | leader_title2            = Leader 1
 | leader_name2             = 
 | leader_title3            = Vice Mayor
 | leader_name3             = Derrick A. Reed {{citation needed|date=September 2023}}
 | leader_title4            = City Manager
 | leader_name4             = Mike Miller {{citation needed|date=September 2023}}
 | unit_pref                = Imperial
<!-- Metric -->
 | area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
 | area_total_sq_mi         = 44.48
 | area_land_sq_mi          = 42.96
 | area_water_sq_mi         = 1.52
 | area_water_percent       = 
 | elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
 | elevation_ft             = 577
 | population_footnotes     = 
 | population_total         = 36878
 | population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
 | population_density_sq_mi = 858.43
 | population_metro         = 
 | population_urban         = 
 | population_demonym       = 
 | timezone1                = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|CT]]
 | utc_offset1              = &minus;6
 | timezone1_DST            = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|CT]]
 | utc_offset1_DST          = &minus;5
 | postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]s
 | postal_code              = 74401-74403
 | area_code_type           = 
 | area_code                = 918
 | iso_code                 = 
 | website                  = [http://www.muskogeeonline.org/ muskogeeonline.org]
 | footnotes                = 
 | blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
 | blank_info               = 40-50050
 | blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
 | blank1_info              = 2411201<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2411201}}</ref>
 | pop_est_as_of            = 
 | pop_est_footnotes        = 
 | population_est           = 
 | area_total_km2           = 115.21
 | area_land_km2            = 111.27
 | area_water_km2           = 3.94
 | population_density_km2   = 331.44
}}

'''Muskogee''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ə|'|s|k|oʊ|g|i:}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/muskogee|title=Definition of MUSKOGEE|access-date=November 27, 2016}}</ref>) is the 13th-largest city in [[Oklahoma]] and is the [[county seat]] of [[Muskogee County, Oklahoma|Muskogee County]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> Home to [[Bacone College]], it lies approximately {{convert|48|mi}} southeast of [[Tulsa, Oklahoma|Tulsa]]. The population of the city was 36,878 as of the 2020 census, a 6.0% decrease from 39,223 in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Census Bureau Quickfact: Muskogee, OK |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/muskogeecityoklahoma/PST045221}}</ref>

==History==
{{Main|History of Muskogee}}
French fur traders were believed to have established a temporary village near the future Muskogee in 1806, but the first permanent European-American settlement was established in 1817 on the south bank of the [[Verdigris River]], north of present-day Muskogee.

After the passage of the [[Indian Removal Act]] of 1830 under President [[Andrew Jackson]], the [[Muscogee (Creek) Nation|Muscogee Creek]] Indians were one of the "[[Five Civilized Tribes]]" forced out of the American Southeast to Indian Territory. They were accompanied by their [[slaves]]. The Indian Agency, a two-story stone building, was built here in Muskogee. It was a site for meetings among the leaders of the Five Civilized Tribes. Today it serves as a museum. At the top of what is known as Agency Hill, it is within Honor Heights Park on the west side of Muskogee.

In 1872, the [[Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad]] was extended to the area. A federal court was established in Muskogee in 1889, around the same time that Congress opened portions of Indian Territory to non-Native settlers via [[land rush]]es. The city was incorporated on March 19, 1898.<ref name="waits">Wallace F. Waits Jr. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MU018 "Muskogee"]. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'' Retrieved April 30, 2010</ref>

[[File:Bird's-eye View of Business Section, Muskogee, OK.jpg|thumb|left|Business district {{Circa|1910}}]]
[[File:Oklahoma - Muskogee - NARA - 68147194 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Downtown Muskogee in 1928]]
Ohio native [[Charles N. Haskell]] moved to the city in March 1901.<ref name="haskell">J. J. Compton. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=HA048 "Haskell, Charles Nathaniel (1860-1933)"]. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. Retrieved April 30, 2010</ref> He was instrumental in building on the land rush; he stimulated expansion of the city of more than 4,000 people to a center of business and industry by 1910, with a population of more than 25,000 inhabitants. Haskell built the first five-story business block in Oklahoma Territory; he built and owned fourteen brick buildings in the city. Most importantly, he organized and built most of the railroads running into the city, which connected it to other markets and centers of population, stimulating its business and retail, and attracting new residents.

As Muskogee's economic and business importance grew, so did its political power. In the years before the territory was admitted as a state, the Five Civilized Tribes continued to work on alternatives to keep some independence from European Americans. They met together on August 21, 1905, to propose the [[State of Sequoyah]], to be controlled by Native Americans. They met in Muskogee to draft its constitution, planning to have Muskogee serve as the state's capital. The proposal was vetoed by [[President of the United States|US President]] [[Theodore Roosevelt]] and mostly ignored by Congress; the proposed State of Sequoyah was never authorized. The US admitted the State of Oklahoma to the Union on November 16, 1907, as the 46th state.

Muskogee was the operational headquarters of the [[Muskogee Roads]], four regional rail carriers under common management.<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntUhAQAAIAAJ&q=muskogee+roads+philadelphia&pg=PA718 |title=Moody's Manual of Railroads and Corporation Securities |year=1918 |chapter=Railroads |page=718 |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref> The first was the [[Midland Valley Railroad]], chartered in 1903.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MI008 |title= Midland Valley Railroad |author=Augustus J. Veenendaal, Jr. |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref> The three carriers surviving until 1963 were sold to the [[Texas & Pacific]], which was a subsidiary of the [[Missouri Pacific Railroad]].<ref name="UTexas">{{cite web|url=https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/smu/00131/smu-00131.html |title= Muskogee Company records, Part 1 |publisher=The University of Texas at Austin, University of Texas Libraries |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref>

Muskogee was on the route of the [[Jefferson Highway]] established in 1915. That road ran more than {{convert|2,300|mi}}, from Winnipeg, Manitoba, to New Orleans, Louisiana.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.jeffersonhighwayinoklahoma.com/ |title=The Jefferson Highway Route in Oklahoma|publisher=Oklahoma Members of the Jefferson Highway Association|access-date=October 27, 2019}}</ref>

Muskogee attracted national and international attention when, in May 2008, voters elected [[John Tyler Hammons]] as mayor. Nineteen years old at the time of his election, Hammons is among the youngest mayors in American history.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|38.8|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|37.3|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|1.4|sqmi|km2}} (3.69%) is water. Muskogee is near the [[confluence]] of the [[Arkansas River]], [[Verdigris River]] and [[Grand River (Oklahoma)|Grand River]]. Historically, the area around this confluence has been called Three Rivers.

Muskogee lies in the [[Arkansas River Valley]] and has a low, sea-level elevation compared to much of the rest of the state.<ref name="archsurvey">"[http://www.okhistory.org/shpo/architsurveys/RLSofPartMuskogeePt3.pdf Reconnaissance Level Survey of Portions of the City of Muskogee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703131258/http://www.okhistory.org/shpo/architsurveys/RLSofPartMuskogeePt3.pdf |date=2010-07-03}}," [http://www.okhistory.org/shpo/architsurveys.htm Oklahoma Historical Society Architectural Surveys]. Retrieved May 14, 2010.</ref> The city is on the boundary of the oak and hickory forest region of eastern Oklahoma and the prairie, [[Great Plains]] region of northeastern Oklahoma. It is a suburban community of Tulsa.<ref name="archsurvey"/>

The city's climate is considerably warmer and more humid than other parts of the state.<ref name="archsurvey"/>

===Climate===

According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Muskogee has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Muskogee was {{convert|118|F|C|1}} on August 10, 1936, while the coldest temperature recorded was {{convert|-14|F|C|1}} on February 13, 1905.<ref name="NOWData" /> The city falls within USDA [[Hardiness zone|plant hardiness zone]] 7b ({{convert|5|to|10|F|C|disp=semicolon}}).<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map {{!}} USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |url=https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/ |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=planthardiness.ars.usda.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ZIP Code 74401 - Muskogee, Oklahoma Hardiness Zones |url=https://www.plantmaps.com/74401 |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=plantmaps.com}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Muskogee, Oklahoma, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1905–present
|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 81
|Feb record high F = 90
|Mar record high F = 93
|Apr record high F = 97
|May record high F = 98
|Jun record high F = 108
|Jul record high F = 114
|Aug record high F = 118
|Sep record high F = 109
|Oct record high F = 98
|Nov record high F = 88
|Dec record high F = 81

|Jan avg record high F = 69.6
|Feb avg record high F = 74.2
|Mar avg record high F = 81.5
|Apr avg record high F = 85.7
|May avg record high F = 90.4
|Jun avg record high F = 94.5
|Jul avg record high F = 101.4
|Aug avg record high F = 102.1
|Sep avg record high F = 95.7
|Oct avg record high F = 87.8
|Nov avg record high F = 78.3
|Dec avg record high F = 69.8
|year avg record high F = 103.3

|Jan high F = 49.2
|Feb high F = 54.1
|Mar high F = 63.2
|Apr high F = 71.9
|May high F = 79.3
|Jun high F = 87.7
|Jul high F = 93.0
|Aug high F = 92.8
|Sep high F = 84.8
|Oct high F = 74.0
|Nov high F = 61.7
|Dec high F = 51.5
|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 37.5
|Feb mean F = 41.9
|Mar mean F = 51.2
|Apr mean F = 59.9
|May mean F = 69.0
|Jun mean F = 77.5
|Jul mean F = 82.3
|Aug mean F = 81.2
|Sep mean F = 73.2
|Oct mean F = 61.5
|Nov mean F = 49.8
|Dec mean F = 40.6
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 25.8
|Feb low F = 29.7
|Mar low F = 39.2
|Apr low F = 47.9
|May low F = 58.7
|Jun low F = 67.2
|Jul low F = 71.2
|Aug low F = 69.7
|Sep low F = 61.6
|Oct low F = 49.1
|Nov low F = 37.9
|Dec low F = 29.6
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 12.5
|Feb avg record low F = 13.6
|Mar avg record low F = 21.3
|Apr avg record low F = 31.5
|May avg record low F = 40.9
|Jun avg record low F = 55.5
|Jul avg record low F = 62.0
|Aug avg record low F = 60.1
|Sep avg record low F = 46.6
|Oct avg record low F = 33.3
|Nov avg record low F = 21.2
|Dec avg record low F = 14.2
|year avg record low F = 8.1

|Jan record low F = -11
|Feb record low F = -14
|Mar record low F = -2
|Apr record low F = 21
|May record low F = 31
|Jun record low F = 47
|Jul record low F = 49
|Aug record low F = 48
|Sep record low F = 34
|Oct record low F = 16
|Nov record low F = 10
|Dec record low F = -7

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 1.94
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.36
|Mar precipitation inch = 3.09
|Apr precipitation inch = 4.88
|May precipitation inch = 5.25
|Jun precipitation inch = 5.00
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.32
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.14
|Sep precipitation inch = 4.31
|Oct precipitation inch = 4.07
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.23
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.56
|year precipitation inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 6.4
|Feb precipitation days = 6.1
|Mar precipitation days = 8.1
|Apr precipitation days = 8.3
|May precipitation days = 11.0
|Jun precipitation days = 8.4
|Jul precipitation days = 6.0
|Aug precipitation days = 5.8
|Sep precipitation days = 8.3
|Oct precipitation days = 7.3
|Nov precipitation days = 7.5
|Dec precipitation days = 6.5

|Jan snow inch = 0.9
|Feb snow inch = 0.3
|Mar snow inch = 0.5
|Apr snow inch = 0.0
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.0
|Dec snow inch = 0.9
|year snow inch =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.3
|Feb snow days = 0.3
|Mar snow days = 0.3
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.4

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name="NOAA">
{{cite web
|url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00346130&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title=U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Muskogee, OK
|access-date=April 3, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name="NOWData">
{{cite web
|url=https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=tsa
|publisher=National Weather Service
|title=NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Tulsa
|access-date=April 3, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

=== Floods ===
Muskogee is a soft spot for floods. In May 2019, waters rose more than 42 feet on the [[Arkansas River]]. Those levels had not been reached since 1943 (although 1986 came close with water 39.6 feet high). The [[USS Batfish (SS-310)|U.S.S. ''Batfish'']] docked at the city's military harbor broke free on the river.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://weather.com/news/news/2019-05-23-oklahoma-flooding-uss-batfish-muskogee-war-memorial-park|title=Muskogee, Oklahoma, Rallies to Save WWII Submarine USS Batfish From Breaking Free, Causing Disaster|publisher=The Weather Channel|date=25 May 2019|author=Eric Zerkel|access-date=October 21, 2019}}</ref> Two barges filled with tons of phosphate broke loose and threatened to break the dam they were heading towards. Webber Falls was ordered to evacuate immediately.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2019-05-22/oklahoma-town-urges-evacuation-due-to-rising-river|title=Runaway Barges Threaten Dam in Another Day of Midwest Storms|website=U.S. News & World Report|date=23 May 2019|access-date=October 21, 2019}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1900= 4254
|1910= 25278
|1920= 30277
|1930= 32026
|1940= 32332
|1950= 37289
|1960= 38059
|1970= 37331
|1980= 40011
|1990= 37708
|2000= 38310
|2010= 39223
|2020= 36878
|footnote=Sources:<ref name="Census1910">{{cite web|title=Population-Oklahoma|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v3ch3.pdf|work=U.S. Census 1910|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1930">{{cite web|title=Population-Oklahoma|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch08.pdf|work=15th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 27, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1960">{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Oklahoma|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/37749197v1p38ch2.pdf|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}{{dead link|date=February 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref name="Census1990">{{cite web|title=Oklahoma: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-38.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref><ref name="CensusPopEst">{{cite web|title=Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 25, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611010502/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|archive-date=June 11, 2013}}</ref>}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 38,310 people, 15,523 households, and 9,950 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,026.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 17,517 housing units at an average density of {{convert|469.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 61.12% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 17.90% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 12.34% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.90% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.57% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.16% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.28% of the population.

There were 15,523 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,418, and the median income for a family was $33,358. Males had a median income of $28,153 versus $20,341 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,351. About 14.6% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 25.9% of those under age 18 and 14.3% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
The town is served by [[U.S. Route 62 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route 62]], [[U.S. Route 64 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route 64]], [[U.S. Route 69 in Oklahoma|U.S. Route 69]], [[Oklahoma State Highway 16]], [[Oklahoma State Highway 165]], [[Oklahoma State Highway 351]] and the [[Muskogee Turnpike]].

[[Davis Field (Oklahoma)|Muskogee-Davis Regional Airport]], five miles south of downtown, has a paved main runway measuring 7202 feet by 150 feet, and can accommodate light planes through heavy transport-type jet aircraft.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.muskogeeonline.org/departments/public_works/davis-field-airport.php |title=Muskogee-Davis Regional Airport|publisher=Muskogee, Oklahoma|access-date=October 2, 2020}}</ref>  The airport had commercial air service from [[Central Airlines]] in the 1960s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/cn2/cn67/ |title=Central Airlines, Effective July 1, 1967|website=Timetableimages.com|access-date=October 1, 2020}}</ref>

Commercial air transportation is available at [[Tulsa International Airport]], about 49 miles to the northwest.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Tulsa+International+Airport+(TUL),+Airport+Drive,+Tulsa,+OK/Muskogee,+OK/@35.9730001,-95.8991786,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x87b6f21cebabb641:0xa1434530be276422!2m2!1d-95.8838659!2d36.198778!1m5!1m1!1s0x87b5e04e31fc9b45:0x77c1fc7055b9a028!2m2!1d-95.3696909!2d35.7478769 |title=Tulsa International Airport to Muskogee, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=January 10, 2021}}</ref>

Muskogee operates the [[Port of Muskogee]] on the [[McClellan–Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System]], which grants water access to and from the [[Gulf of Mexico]].

== Economy ==
Muskogee is an economic center for eastern Oklahoma, and is home to several industrial activities. [[Georgia-Pacific]] has a tissue, paper towel, and napkin manufacturing plant in Muskogee.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/atlanta/news/2019/05/15/five-hurt-in-explosion-fire-at-georgia-pacific.html|title=Update: Georgia-Pacific: Oklahoma plant damaged in fire back in operation|website=Atlanta Business Chronicle|date=15 May 2019|author=Jessica Saunders|access-date=October 21, 2019}}</ref>  The 2.9 million square foot facility is Muskogee's largest employer with 800 workers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tulsaworld.com/business/toilet-paper-production-records-being-broken-one-area-maker-says/article_5ed8e166-db58-5042-abde-ff4553fb1c18.html |title=Toilet paper production 'records being broken,' one area maker says |date=March 27, 2020 |author=Rhett Morgan |work=Tulsa World |access-date=March 27, 2020}}</ref>

On January 22, 2025, ground was broken on the Stardust Power Inc. $1.2 billion [[lithium]] refinery in Muskogee, near the Port of Muskogee.<ref name=Lithium>{{cite web|url= https://ktul.com/news/local/groundbreaking-on-1-point-2-billion-lithium-refinery-in-muskogee-oklahoma-department-commerce-stardust-power-inc-66-acre-site-near-port-of-muskogee-facility-annum-battery-grade-project-mineral-supplies-jobs# |title=Groundbreaking on $1.2 billion lithium refinery in Muskogee|publisher=KTUL Tulsa, January 23, 2025|accessdate=January 23, 2025}}</ref>  The initial production line will produce up to 25,000 metric tons of battery-grade lithium per year, with a projected second phase doubling that capacity.<ref name=Lithium/>

==Arts and culture==
Muskogee is home to [[Honor Heights Park]], a [[World War I]] memorial park. It is planted with [[azalea]]s and hosts the annual Azalea Festival each April. During the winter, Honor Heights is transformed into the Garden of Lights, a {{convert|132|acre|km2|adj=on}} [[Christmas lights (holiday decoration)|Christmas lights]] display.

Muskogee has six museums. The [[Five Civilized Tribes Museum]] preserves the art and culture of the Five Civilized Tribes. The [[USS Batfish (SS-310)#Museum ship|U.S.S. Batfish and War Memorial Park]]'s major attraction is the submarine {{USS|Batfish|SS-310|6}}. The [[Three Rivers Museum]] chronicles the history of the Three Rivers area and the railroads that helped create it. The [[Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame]] has been honoring Oklahoma musicians since 1997. The [[Grant Foreman House|Thomas-Foreman Historic Home, aka the Grant Foreman House]] is an 1898 farm house preserved with the furnishings of the Indian Territory Judge [[John R. Thomas]] and his daughter and son-in-law Grant and Carolyn Foreman, Oklahoma historians and authors. The Ataloa Lodge is on the campus of Bacone College.

Two feature films were shot in Muskogee through a tax incentive program offered by the state: ''Salvation'' (2007) and ''Denizen'' (2010). Writer and director [[J.A. Steel]] produced both films.<ref name="saltlake"/>

Muskogee is home to The Castle of Muskogee. The Castle hosts Fourth of July Fireworks sales, a Halloween festival 'Haunted Castle', a drive-through Christmas Kingdom and indoor Castle Christmas experience, and the Oklahoma Renaissance Festival, founded in 1995. The Renaissance festival draws in tens of thousands each year, hosting jousts, dancing, vendors and other events.

Muskogee Little Theatre (MLT) is part of its flourishing arts scene. It was established in 1972 at the former Sequoyah Elementary School. The theatre puts on up to eight shows per year including youth theatre, [[senior theatre]], holiday shows, and general community productions. The theatre is also committed to education and development arts programs including Youth Theatre camp, voice lessons, mentorships, and weekend workshops.

The [[City of Muskogee Foundation]] provides grants to community organizations and non-profit groups throughout the Muskogee community.<ref>{{Cite web |title=City of Muskogee Foundation :: Grants |access-date=2013-05-13 |url=http://www.cityofmuskogeefoundation.org/grants/}}</ref>

The local paper, the ''[[Muskogee Phoenix]]'', was founded in February 1888 when [[Oklahoma]] was still a territory,<ref>[http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20080919221505/http://www.muskogeephoenix.com/aboutus/local_story_244130751.html Muskogee Phoenix: About Us]. Retrieved February 18, 2007.</ref> and continues to be published today.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.muskogeephoenix.com/ |title=Homepage|work=Muskogee Phoenix|access-date=September 9, 2020}}</ref>

==Government==
{{Main|Government of Muskogee}}
Muskogee is governed by a [[Council–manager government|council–manager]] form of municipal government. The city manager is the administrative leader of the government and is appointed by the city council. The city's ceremonial head is the mayor, who is a voting, at-large member of the council with limited administrative power.

The city is divided into four wards, with two members of the city council elected from each. Each member of the council is elected by the city as a whole but must reside in a specific ward. Elections are held on the first Tuesday in April in each even-numbered year. All elections are non-partisan; the mayor and the members of the city council receive no salary or compensation for their services.

===State and federal representation===
Muskogee is represented by two [[Oklahoma House of Representatives|state representatives]] for House Districts 13 and 14. District 13 includes the west side of Muskogee while District 14 includes the east half of Muskogee. The city is represented in the [[Oklahoma Senate|state senate]] in Senate District 9, which includes all of [[Muskogee County, Oklahoma]].

Both former [[Attorney General of Oklahoma]] [[Drew Edmondson]] and former [[Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction]] [[Sandy Garrett]] are Muskogee natives.

The city is part of [[Oklahoma's 2nd congressional district]]. The city is also home to former U.S. Senator [[Tom Coburn]].

The city is home to the [[United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Court Locations {{!}} Eastern District of Oklahoma {{!}} United States District Court|url=https://www.oked.uscourts.gov/court-info/court-locations|access-date=2022-02-14|website=oked.uscourts.gov}}</ref>

==Crime==
Since 1995, crime rate has reduced by 45 percent{{when|date=September 2021}} in Muskogee. According to records by the [[Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation]], in 2002, 2008 and 2009, no murders were committed for the entire year. However, on April 10, 2010, a deadly shooting broke out at the Arrowhead Mall, injuring at least five people and leaving one dead; witnesses say that the shooting was gang-related.<ref>Hales, Donna, [http://www.muskogeephoenix.com/local/local_story_003003528.html "No murders here in 2008"] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130129064941/http://www.muskogeephoenix.com/local/local_story_003003528.html |date=2013-01-29}}. ''[[Muskogee Phoenix]]''. December 31, 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://muskogeephoenix.com/local/x1861151551/One-dead-five-hurt-after-mall-shootout|title=One dead, five hurt after mall shootout|work=Muskogee Phoenix|date=April 11, 2012|access-date=October 4, 2012}}</ref>

On February 2, 2021, a [[mass murder]] occurred when a gunman [[2021 Muskogee shooting|opened fire at a home]], killing six people, including five children, and one woman was seriously injured.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dier |first=Arden |date=2021-02-02 |title=5 Kids Are Dead After a Mass Shooting |work=Newser |url=https://www.newser.com/story/302048/5-kids-dead-in-oklahoma-mass-shooting.html |access-date=2021-02-03}}</ref>

==Education==
[[Muskogee Public Schools]]<!--UNI 20970--> includes the vast majority of the city limits and a large portion of [[Muskogee County, Oklahoma|Muskogee County]]. [[Hilldale Public Schools]]<!--UNI 14520--> covers a small southern portion of the city limits and some parts of the County south of Muskogee. [[Fort Gibson Public Schools]]<!--UNI 11970--> includes some areas in the east.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st40_ok/schooldistrict_maps/c40101_muskogee/DC20SD_C40101.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st40_ok/schooldistrict_maps/c40101_muskogee/DC20SD_C40101.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=2020 Census- School District Reference Map: Muskogee County, OK|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-03-19}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st40_ok/schooldistrict_maps/c40101_muskogee/DC20SD_C40101_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref> Muskogee is also home to the [[Oklahoma School for the Blind]], a special institution for meeting the educational needs of blind and visually impaired students residing in the state of Oklahoma. Previous institutions that where located in the city were [[Harrell International Institute]] and its successors, Spaulding Institute and Spaulding Female College,<ref name="Roger1995">{{cite book |last1=Rogers |first1=Will |title=The Papers of Will Rogers: The early years, November 1879-April 1904 |date=30 November 1995 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-2745-3 |page=95 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_y-exxOwhoC&pg=PA95 |access-date=16 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> as well as Nazareth Institute.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muskogee - The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture|url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MU018|access-date=2022-02-14|website=okhistory.org}}</ref>

Muskogee has four institutions of higher education: the public four-year [[Northeastern State University]], the public two-year [[Connors State College]], the public [[Indian Capital Technology Center]] and the private four-year [[Bacone College]], which is the oldest college in the state of Oklahoma.

In 2004, civic rights lawyers took on the case of 11-year-old Nashala Hearn who sued the Muskogee, Oklahoma, Public School District for ordering her to remove her [[hijab]] because it was violative of the school's dress code. She refused to submit and was subsequently suspended twice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2004/LAW/03/30/us.school.headscarves/|title=U.S. to defend Muslim girl wearing scarf in school|publisher=CNN|date=March 31, 2004|author=Terry Frieden|access-date=October 21, 2019}}</ref>  The court-ordered agreement reached by the Justice Department with the school board permits Nashala, and any other child in Muskogee whose religious beliefs and practices conflict with the school dress code, to receive an accommodation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2009/06/04/nashalas-story |title=Nashala's Story|date=June 4, 2009|author=Jesse Lee |publisher=The White House (President Obama Archives), June 4, 2009|access-date=June 17, 2020}}</ref>

==Points of interest==
{{div col}}
* [[Arrowhead Mall]]
* [[Ataloa Lodge Museum]]
* [[Honor Heights Park|Azalea Festival]]
* The Castle of Muskogee
* Civic Center
* Civitan Park
* Douglas Maxey Park
* Farmers market
* [[Five Civilized Tribes Museum]]
* Founders' Place Historical District
* [[Grant Foreman House]]
* [[Honor Heights Park]]
* Katy District (South Main Street)
* [http://www.muskogeelittletheatre.com/ Muskogee Little Theatre]
* Muskogee Public Library
* Oklahoma Movie Hall of Fame / Roxy Theater
* [[Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame]]
* [[Port of Muskogee]]
* River Country Family Water Park<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/River-Country-Family-Water-Park-106450376065231/ |title=River Country Family Water Park|via=Facebook|access-date=November 3, 2021}}</ref>
* Three Forks Harbor<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.muskogeeonline.org/visitors/attractions/three_rivers_harbor.php |title=Three Forks Harbor|publisher=City of Muskogee|access-date=November 3, 2021}}</ref>
* [[Grant Foreman House#Three Rivers Museum|Three Rivers Museum]]
* Thunderbird Speedway<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thunderbirdspeedwayok.com/|title=Thunderbird Speedway {{!}}|website=thunderbirdspeedwayok.com|access-date=2019-09-19}}</ref>
* Spaulding Park
* [[USS Batfish (SS-310)]] 
{{div col end}}
[[File:Muskogee Skyline (annotated).png|none|thumb|978x978px|View of downtown Muskogee skyline with building labels]]

==In popular culture==
*Muskogee was commemorated in the 1969 [[Merle Haggard]] song "[[Okie from Muskogee (song)|Okie from Muskogee]]".
*The song "Up Against the Wall Redneck Mother" written by Oklahoma native [[Ray Wylie Hubbard]] and famously recorded by [[Jerry Jeff Walker]] is a satire of small-town life playfully aimed at Okie from Muskogee, which is made evident in the last line of the song: "Muskogee, Oklahoma, U.S.A."
* In the film ''[[Twister (1996 film)|Twister]]'', the team headed by Helen Hunt's character Jo Harding was based out of the fictional Muskogee State College
* The 1951 film ''[[Jim Thorpe – All-American]]'', starring [[Burt Lancaster]], was filmed in part on the campus of [[Bacone College|Bacone Indian College]], and at the Indian Bowl sports stadium, in Muskogee.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.muskogeephoenix.com/news/college-career-of-jim-thorpe-portrayed-here/article_486113bc-4b40-522f-b5c7-e4d2f0be0f78.html |title=College career of Jim Thorpe portrayed here|date=8 May 2018 |author=Jonita Mullins |work=Muskogee Phoenix |access-date=May 15, 2023}}</ref>  
* Three feature films were recently shot in Muskogee: ''Salvation'' (2007), ''[[Denizen (film)|Denizen]]'' (2010), and ''[[American Honey (film)|American Honey]]'' (2016).<ref name="saltlake">Brandon Griggs, "Woman of Steel", ''The Salt Lake Tribune'', January 8, 2008, pp. E1-E2</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.muskogeephoenix.com/news/lifestyles/denizen-premieres-at-bare-bones-film-festival/article_2c91a24a-1de4-54ab-83a8-c04c1d405084.html |title='Denizen' premiers at Bare Bones Film Festival |date=April 21, 2010 |work=Muskogee Phoenix |access-date=May 15, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/movies/before-killers-of-the-flower-moon-premiere-here-are-55-other-shot-in-oklahoma-films/article_37eb0eda-ec54-11ed-84b1-035e3aff0e83.html |title=Before 'Killers of the Flower Moon' premiere, here are 55 other shot-in-Oklahoma films |date=13 May 2023 |author=Jimmie Tramel |work=Tulsa World |access-date=May 15, 2023}}</ref>

==Sports==
Muskogee was home to [[minor league baseball]] from 1905 to 1957. Changing monikers frequently, Muskogee hosted the [[Muskogee Reds]] (1905), [[Muskogee Indians]] (1906), [[Muskogee Redskins]] (1907–1908), [[Muskogee Navigators]] (1909–1910), Muskogee Redskins (1911), Muskogee Indians (1912), [[Muskogee Mets]] (1914–1916), [[Muskogee Reds]] (1917), Muskogee Mets (1921–1923), [[Muskogee Athletics]] (1924–1926), [[Muskogee Chiefs]] (1927–1932), [[Muskogee Oilers]] (1933), [[Muskogee Tigers]] (1934–1936), [[Muskogee Reds]] (1937–1942, 1946–1950) and [[Muskogee Giants]] (1951–1957).<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=Muskogee, Oklahoma Encyclopedia|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref>

Muskogee teams played were members of the [[Missouri Valley League]] (1905), [[South Central League]] (1906), [[Oklahoma-Arkansas-Kansas League]] (1907–1908), [[Western Association]] (1909–1911), [[Oklahoma State League]] (1912), Western Association (1914–1916–1917), [[Southwestern League]] (1921–1923), Western Association (1924–1932), [[Western League (1900–1958)|Western League]] (1933), Western Association (1934–1942, 1946–1954) and [[Sooner State League]] (1955–1957).<ref name="auto"/>

Three [[Baseball Hall of Fame]] inductees played for Muskogee. [[Bill Dickey]] played for the 1926 Muskogee Athletics. [[Bobby Wallace (baseball)|Bobby Wallace]] was a player/manager for the 1921 Muskogee Mets. [[Rube Marquard]] was a player/manager for the 1933 Muskogee Oilers.

Muskogee was an affiliate of the [[St. Louis Browns]] (1932, 1947–1949), [[Cincinnati Reds]] (1937–1939), [[Chicago Cubs]] (1941), [[Detroit Tigers]] (1946) and [[San Francisco Giants|New York Giants]] (1936, 1951–1957).<ref name="auto"/>

Muskogee teams played at Traction Park from 1905 to 1911. Muskogee then played at Owen Field, which was later renamed to League Park and finally Athletic Park. In April 1923, [[Babe Ruth]] with the [[New York Yankees]] played an exhibition game at Owen Field against the [[Brooklyn Dodgers]]. Later, [[Mickey Mantle]] played at Athletic Park in 1950 for the [[Joplin Miners]] in games against Muskogee. Traction Park was located in Hyde Park. Today, the Owen Field/League Park/Athletic Park site is occupied by the Muskogee Civic Center.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/venues/v-1802|title=Traction Park in Muskogee, OK history and teams on StatsCrew.com|website=statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc230521/|title=Hyde Park in Muskogee}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.muskogeephoenix.com/archives/park-kept-town-entertained/article_a7b294b0-efec-5658-91cc-58c3bfe46dc6.html|title=Park kept town entertained|first=Liz|last=McMahan|website=Muskogee Phoenix|date=June 5, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.itthc.com/cgi-bin/bbs62x/webbbs_config.pl?md=read;id=716|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927082624/https://www.itthc.com/cgi-bin/bbs62x/webbbs_config.pl?md=read;id=716|url-status=usurped|archive-date=September 27, 2020|title=Hyde Park – Another One Lost to Progress|website=itthc.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/venues/v-1803|title=W.A. Owen Field in Muskogee, OK history and teams on StatsCrew.com|website=statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.muskogeephoenix.com/archives/athletic-park-a-community-gathering-place/article_33e19442-43b7-52ea-a084-3e1543e5042e.html|title=Athletic Park a community gathering place|first=Jonita Mullins Three Rivers|last=History|website=Muskogee Phoenix|date=July 11, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/venues/v-1806|title=Athletic Park in Muskogee, OK history and teams on StatsCrew.com|website=statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/venues/v-1804|title=League Park in Muskogee, OK history and teams on StatsCrew.com|website=statscrew.com}}</ref>

Muskogee Country Club (Muskogee Golf Club) played host to the [[1970 U.S. Women's Open]] golf tournament won by [[Donna Caponi]].

==Meteorite fall of January 20, 2023==
On January 20, 2023, at 3:38 AM CST, a slow-moving fireball lit up the sky over [[Eastern Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meteorite Falls |url=https://ares.jsc.nasa.gov/meteorite-falls/events/muskogee-ok-20-jan-2023-0938-utc |publisher=[[NASA]] - Astromaterials Research & Exploration Science |access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> An accompanying sonic boom was heard by many witnesses in the Oklahoma cities of [[Bixby, Oklahoma|Bixby]], [[Broken Arrow, Oklahoma|Broken Arrow]], [[Coweta, Oklahoma|Coweta]], [[Wagoner, Oklahoma|Wagoner]] and as far away as [[Fayetteville, Arkansas]]. The resulting shockwave shook houses in the affected area, many people reported. Local television station [[KJRH]] stated, "Multiple surveillance videos captured the meteor's sights and sounds early Friday morning." Numerous videos of the event were later posted to social media. The meteor survived to relatively low altitudes, breaking apart soon thereafter, raining down numerous meteorite fragments that ultimately reached the ground. Meteorite enthusiasts from around the country quickly converged on the [[strewnfield]], which was scientifically determined to be in an around the Muskogee area. Reality television meteorite hunter [[Meteorite Men|Steve Arnold]] told reporter Jeanette Quezada of KJRH, "We're out here hunting…we're finding rocks."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Quezada |first1=Jeanette |title=Meteorite hunter finds pieces of meteor in Muskogee |url=https://www.kjrh.com/news/local-news/meteorite-hunter-finds-pieces-of-meteor-in-muskogee |access-date=January 26, 2023 |publisher=[[KJRH]] |date=January 23, 2023}}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Reubin Askew]], [[Governor of Florida]] 1971 to 1979
* [[Randy Ball]], college football head coach, [[Western Illinois University|Western Illinois]], [[Missouri State University|Missouri State]]
* [[Louis W. Ballard]], [[Cherokee]] and  [[Osage Nation|Osage]] composer and inductee, [[Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame]]
* [[R. Perry Beaver]], Principal Chief of the [[Muscogee]] (Creek) Nation
* [[Maurice R. Bebb]], etcher and printmaker
* [[Aaron Bell (musician)|Aaron Bell]], jazz double-bassist
* [[Keith Birdsong]], illustrator known for his ''[[Star Trek]]'' novel covers
* [[Tams Bixby]], newspaper owner and publisher of ''Muskogee Phoenix''; chairman of [[Dawes Commission]], which he relocated to Muskogee; lived in Muskogee from 1905 to 1922.
* [[Archie Bradley (baseball)|Archie Bradley]], Major League Baseball pitcher
* [[Don Byas]], jazz musician
* [[Kristin Cast]], writer
* [[PC Cast]], writer
* [[Eddie Chuculate]], author, graduate of Muskogee High School
* [[Tom Coburn]], former U.S. Senator from Oklahoma
* [[Isaac N. Coggs]], [[Wisconsin State Assembly]]
* [[Fletcher Daniels]], Missouri state representative
* [[Nelson Dean]], Negro League baseball player
* [[Drew Edmondson]], former Attorney General of Oklahoma, 2018 gubernatorial candidate
* [[Ed Edmondson (politician)|Ed Edmondson]], U.S. Congressman from Oklahoma
* [[James E. Edmondson]], current Oklahoma Supreme Court Justice
* [[Ernest E. Evans]], posthumous Medal of Honor recipient for actions as U.S. destroyer captain in WWII
* [[George Faught]], Former Representative from Oklahoma State House District 14; first [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] in state history to represent Muskogee-based district
* [[Carolyn T. Foreman]] (1872–1967), historian, wife of Grant Foreman and daughter of [[John R. Thomas]]; lived in Muskogee (1887–1967)
* [[Sandy Garrett]], former [[Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction]] and Hilldale Public School teacher
* [[Susan Golding]], former [[mayor of San Diego]], [[California]]
* [[Gloria Greer]], actress
* [[Clu Gulager]], actor
* [[Charles V. Hamilton]], political scientist
* [[John Tyler Hammons]], former mayor of Muskogee and one of youngest mayors in United States history
* [[Charles N. Haskell]], noted lawyer, oilman, statesman, and first [[Governor of Oklahoma]]
* [[Darnell Hinson]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://basketball.latinbasket.com/player/Darnell_Hinson/55147|title=Darnell Hinson Player Profile, Brujos de Guayama, News, Stats - Latinbasket}}</ref> former professional basketball player
* [[David R. Hinson]], pilot and former head of Midway Airlines
* [[Lance Hinson]], college football coach
* [[Harold L. Holliday]], Missouri state representative
* [[Olivia Hooker]], psychologist, educator
* [[Leroy Hurte]] (1915–2011), musician, businessman<ref name="Isoardi-1995">{{Cite web |last=Isoardi |first=Steven L. |date=July 20, 1995 |title=Central Avenue Sounds: Leroy Hurte |url=https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4m3nb6cj&brand=calisphere&doc.view=entire_text |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=Calisphere |publisher=[[University of California, Los Angeles]]}}</ref>
* [[James Jabara]], first American jet ace
* [[Dennis Jernigan]], contemporary Christian music singer/songwriter
* [[James R. Jones]], U.S. Congressman for Oklahoma's 1st District (1973–1987), Chairman of the [[American Stock Exchange]] (1989 to 1993), [[U.S. Ambassador to Mexico]] (1993 to 1997)
* [[L. R. Kershaw]], lawyer, banker, cattle breeder, [[real estate developer]] and candidate for governor
* [[Barney Kessel]], jazz guitarist
* [[Leo Kottke]], acoustic guitarist
* [[Robert E. Lavender]], former [[Oklahoma Supreme Court]] Justice
* [[Seth Littrell]], football head coach, [[North Texas Mean Green football|North Texas]]
* [[Barbara McAlister (opera singer)]], opera singer
* [[Roberta McCain]], mother of Senator [[John McCain]]
* [[Calvin McCarty]], professional [[Canadian football]] running back for CFL's [[Edmonton Eskimos]]
* [[Jay McShann]], jazz musician
* [[Bill Mercer]], [[sportscaster]], educator and author
* [[Smokie Norful]], Gospel recording artist
* [[Kevin Peterson (American football)|Kevin Peterson]], American football player
* [[Pleasant Porter]], principal chief of [[Creek Nation]] (1899 &ndash; 1907) and president of [[Sequoyah Constitutional Convention]]
* [[Alexander Posey]], writer, newspaper editor, secretary of the Sequoyah Constitutional Convention
* [[Joe A. Rector]], American/Cherokee artist
* [[Robert Reed]], actor who played Mike Brady, father on ''The Brady Bunch''
* [[Bass Reeves]], one of the first African-American Deputy U.S. Marshals, who served at the Muskogee Federal Court in Indian Territory,<ref name=Museum>{{cite web |title=Deputy U.S. Marshal Bass Reeves |url=http://www.usmarshalsmuseum.com/reeves |publisher=U.S. Marshals Museum |access-date=August 27, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302113628/http://www.usmarshalsmuseum.com/reeves |archive-date=March 2, 2014}}</ref> and later became an officer of the [[Muskogee Police Department]]<ref name="Crisis 38">{{cite journal|last=Burton|first=Art T.|title=The Legacy of Bass Reeves: Deputy United States Marshal|journal=The Crisis|date=May–June 1999|volume=106|issue=3|pages=38–42|issn=0011-1422}}</ref>
* [[Alice Mary Robertson]], educator, social worker, government official, second woman to serve in the United States Congress
* [[Muskogee Yargee Ross]], pioneer resident
* [[Pee Wee Russell]], jazz musician
* [[Thomas Ryan (congressman)|Thomas Ryan]], politician, lawyer, lived in Muskogee as representative from [[United States Secretary of the Interior|Secretary of the Interior]]
* [[A. G. W. Sango]], lawyer, newspaper editor, school founder
* [[James M. Shackelford]], first United States judge in Indian Territory (1889–1907)
* [[Jackie Shipp]], former NFL player
* [[The Swon Brothers]], duo that gained fame on [[NBC]]'s ''[[The Voice (U.S. TV series)|The Voice (season 4)]]''
* [[Mike Synar]], former U.S. Representative from Oklahoma 
* [[John R. Thomas]], attorney, Federal judge before Oklahoma statehood, father of historian [[Carolyn T. Foreman]]
* [[Carrie Underwood]], country music singer
* [[Sarah Vowell]], author
* [[Les Walrond]], [[Major League Baseball]] player
* [[W. Richard West Jr.]], director of [[National Museum of the American Indian]]
* [[Claude Williams (musician)|Claude "Fiddler" Williams]], jazz musician

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{Commons category|Muskogee, Oklahoma}}
{{EB1911 poster|Muskogee}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171210021306/https://muskogeehistorian.com/ Muskogee history and genealogy]
* [http://cityofmuskogee.com/ City of Muskogee]
* [http://www.muskogeechamber.org/ Muskogee Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.eok.lib.ok.us/ Muskogee Public Library]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/lhbum:@field(DOCID+@lit(lhbum52353div32)) Memoirs of Jeremiah Curtin in the Indian Territory] ethnographer's narrative of 1883 visit to Muskogee's early settlement maintained by [[Library of Congress]]. Retrieved January 15, 2007.
* [http://www.historic-homes-muskogee.com/ Photographic Record of Muskogee's Historic Homes]
* [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=AZ001 Betty Ritch Lombardi, "Azalea Festival," ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''.]
* [http://www.okcastle.com/ The Castle of Muskogee]

{{Muskogee County, Oklahoma}}
{{Oklahoma}}
{{Oklahoma county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Muskogee, Oklahoma| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Cities in Muskogee County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Muscogee (Creek) Nation]]
[[Category:Oklahoma populated places on the Arkansas River]]
[[Category:County seats in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Micropolitan areas of Oklahoma]]
[[Category:1817 establishments in the United States]]