View source for IEEE 802.3

{{Short description|Collection of standards for wired Ethernet}}
{{about|the standards working group|Ethernet frame data format|Ethernet frame}}

'''IEEE 802.3''' is a [[working group]] and a collection of standards defining the [[physical layer]] and [[data link layer]]'s [[media access control]] (MAC) of wired [[Ethernet]]. The standards are produced by the working group of the [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] (IEEE). This set of standards generally applies to [[local area network]]s (LANs) and has some [[wide area network]] (WAN) applications. Physical connections are made between network nodes and, usually, various network infrastructure devices ([[Ethernet hub|hub]]s, [[Network switch|switches]], [[router (computing)|router]]s) by various types of copper cables or [[optical fiber]].

802.3 standards support the [[IEEE 802.1]] network architecture.

802.3 also defines a LAN access method using [[carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection]] (CSMA/CD).

==Communication standards==
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
!Ethernet standard
!data-sort-type="number" | IEEE approval date
!Description
|-
|Experimental<br />Ethernet
|1973{{Efn|developed at [[Xerox PARC]]}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_687626 |title= Ethernet Prototype Circuit Board |publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of American History |access-date= 2014-10-31}}</ref>
|2.94&nbsp;[[Mbit/s]] (367&nbsp;[[kilobyte|kB]]/s) over a [[coaxial cable]] (coax) [[bus network|bus]]. A single-octet node address is unique only to an individual network.
|-
|Ethernet I<br />(DIX v1.0)
|1980-09{{Efn|name=DIX|published by DEC, Intel, Xerox PARC}}
| rowspan="2" |10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;[[megabyte|MB]]/s) over thick coax. Frames have a Type field. This frame format is used on all forms of Ethernet by protocols in the [[Internet protocol suite]]. Six-octet [[MAC address]].
|-
|Ethernet II<br />(DIX v2.0)
|1982-11{{Efn|name=DIX}}
|-
|802.3-1985
|1983-06
|[[10BASE5]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over thick coax. First edition of the IEEE 802.3 standard. Approved by IEEE in 1983, approved by ANSI in 1984, and published in 1985. Same as Ethernet&nbsp;II (above) except Type field is replaced by Length, and an [[IEEE 802.2|802.2]] LLC header follows the 802.3 header. Based on the [[CSMA/CD]] media access method.
|-
|[[802.3a]]
|1985-11
|[[10BASE2]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over thin coax (a.k.a. ''thinnet'' or ''cheapernet'')
|-
|[[802.3b]]
|1985-09
|[[10BROAD36]]
|-
|802.3c
|1985-12
|10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) repeater specifications
|-
|[[802.3d]]
|1987-12
|[[Fiber-optic inter-repeater link]]
|-
|[[802.3e]]
|1987-06
|[[1BASE5]] or [[StarLAN]], first use of (voice-grade) [[twisted pair]] cabling, 1&nbsp;Mbit/s, maximum reach of 250 to 500&nbsp;m
|-
|802.3h
|1990-09
|10 Mbit/s layer management, DTEs
|-
|[[802.3i]]
|1990-09
|[[10BASE-T]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over twisted pair
|-
|[[802.3j]]
|1992-09
|[[10BASE-F]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over [[optical fiber]]
|-
|802.3k
|1992-09
|10 Mbit/s layer management, repeaters
|-
|802.3m
|1995-09
|Maintenance
|-
|802.3n
|1995-09
|Maintenance
|-
|802.3q
|1993-06
|[[GDMO]] ([[List of ISO standards 10000–11999#ISO 10000 – ISO 10999|ISO/IEC 10165-4]]) format for Layer Managed Objects
|-
|802.3r
|1996-07
|10BASE5 Medium Attachment Unit PICS
|-
|802.3s
|1995-09
|Maintenance
|-
|802.3t
|1995-06
|120&nbsp;Ω informative annex for 10BASE-T
|-
|[[802.3u]]
|1995-06
|[[100BASE-TX]], [[100BASE-T4]], [[100BASE-FX]] Fast Ethernet at 100&nbsp;Mbit/s (12.5&nbsp;MB/s) with [[autonegotiation]]
|-
|802.3v
|1995-12
|150&nbsp;Ω informative annex for 10BASE-T
|-
|[[IEEE 802.3x|802.3x]]
|1997-03
|Full duplex and [[Ethernet flow control|flow control]]; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split
|-
|[[802.3y]]
|1997-03
|[[100BASE-T2]] 100&nbsp;Mbit/s (12.5&nbsp;MB/s) over voice-grade twisted pair
|-
|[[802.3z]]
|1998-06
|[[1000BASE-X]] 1&nbsp;Gbit/s (125&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over optical fiber
|-
|802.3-1998
|1998-06
|(802.3aa) A revision of the base standard incorporating earlier amendments and errata
|-
|[[802.3ab]]
|1999-06
|[[1000BASE-T]] 1&nbsp;Gbit/s (125&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over twisted pair
|-
|[[802.3ac]]
|1998-09
|Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag"). The Q-tag includes [[IEEE 802.1Q|802.1Q]] [[VLAN]] information and [[802.1p]] priority information.
|-
|[[802.3ad]]
|2000-03
|[[Link aggregation]] for parallel links, since moved to [[IEEE 802.1AX]]
|-
|802.3-2002
|2002-01
|(802.3ag) A revision of the base standard incorporating the three prior amendments and errata
|-
|[[802.3ae]]
|2002-06
|[[10 Gigabit Ethernet]] over fiber: 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER, 10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, 10GBASE-EW
|-
|[[802.3af]]
|2003-06
| [[Power over Ethernet]] (15.4 W)
|-
|[[802.3ah]]
|2004-06
|[[Ethernet in the first mile]]
|-
|[[802.3ak]]
|2004-02
|[[10GBASE-CX4]] 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (1,250&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over [[twinaxial cable]]s
|-
|802.3-2005
|2005-06
|(802.3am) A revision of the base standard incorporating the four prior amendments and errata
|-
|[[802.3an]]
|2006-06
|[[10GBASE-T]] 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (1,250&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
|-
|802.3ap
|2007-03
|[[Backplane]] Ethernet (1 and 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (125 and 1,250&nbsp;MB/s) over [[printed circuit board]]s)
|-
|[[802.3aq]]
|2006-09
|[[10GBASE-LRM]] 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (1,250&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber
|-
|P802.3ar
|canceled
|Congestion management (withdrawn)
|-
|802.3as
|2006-09
|Frame expansion
|-
|[[802.3at]]
|2009-09
| [[Power over Ethernet]] enhancements (25.5&nbsp;W)
|-
|[[802.3au]]
|2006-06
|Isolation requirements for Power over Ethernet (802.3-2005/Cor 1)
|-
|[[802.3av]]
|2009-09
|10 Gbit/s [[Ethernet passive optical network|EPON]]
|-
|802.3aw
|2007-06
|Fixed an equation in the publication of 10GBASE-T (released as 802.3-2005/Cor 2)
|-
|802.3ax
|2008-11
|Link aggregation – moved to and approved as [[802.1AX]]
|-
|802.3-2008
|2008-12
|(802.3ay) A revision of the base standard incorporating the 802.3an/ap/aq/as amendments, two corrigenda and errata
|-
|[[802.3az]]
|2010-09
|[[Energy-Efficient Ethernet]]
|-
|[[802.3ba]]
|2010-06
|40&nbsp;Gbit/s and 100&nbsp;Gbit/s Ethernet. 40&nbsp;Gbit/s over a 1&nbsp;m backplane, 10&nbsp;m Cu cable assembly (4×25&nbsp;Gbit/s or 10×10&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes) and 100&nbsp;m of [[multi-mode optical fiber]], and 100&nbsp;Gbit/s over 10&nbsp;m of Cu cable assembly, 100&nbsp;m of multi-mode optical fiber and 40&nbsp;km of [[single-mode optical fiber]]
|-
|802.3-2008/Cor 1
|2009-12
|(802.3bb) Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (Working group name was ''802.3bb''.)
|-
|802.3bc
|2009-09
|Move and update Ethernet-related TLVs (type, length, values), previously specified in Annex F of [[IEEE 802.1AB]] (LLDP) to 802.3
|-
|802.3bd
|2011-06
|Priority-based Flow Control. An amendment by the [[IEEE 802.1]] [[Data Center Bridging]] Task Group (802.1Qbb) to develop an amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 to add a MAC Control Frame to support IEEE 802.1Qbb Priority-based Flow Control.
|-
|802.3.1
|2011-05
|(802.3be) MIB definitions for Ethernet. It consolidates the Ethernet-related [[Management Information Base|MIBs]] present in Annex 30A&B, various [[IETF]] [[Request for Comments|RFC]]s, and 802.1AB annex F into one master document with a machine-readable extract. (Working group name was ''P802.3be''.)
|-
|802.3bf
|2011-05
|Provides an accurate indication of the transmission and reception initiation times of certain packets as required to support IEEE P802.1AS
|-
|802.3bg
|2011-03
|Provide a 40&nbsp;Gbit/s [[Physical Medium Dependent|PMD]] which is optically compatible with existing carrier [[Single-mode optical fiber|SMF]] 40&nbsp;Gbit/s client interfaces ([[OTU3]]/[[STM-256]]/[[OC-768]]/[[Packet over SONET|40G POS]]).
|-
|802.3-2012
|2012-08
|(802.3bh) A revision of the base standard incorporating the 802.3at/av/az/ba/bc/bd/bf/bg amendments, corrigenda and errata.
|-
|802.3bj
|2014-06
|Defines a four-lane 100&nbsp;Gbit/s backplane PHY for operation over links consistent with copper traces on "improved FR-4" (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1&nbsp;m and a four-lane 100&nbsp;Gbit/s PHY for operation over links consistent with copper [[twinaxial cable]]s with lengths up to at least 5&nbsp;m
|-
|802.3bk
|2013-08
|This amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 defines the physical-layer specifications and management parameters for EPON operation on point-to-multipoint passive optical networks supporting extended power budget classes of PX30, PX40, PRX40, and PR40 PMDs.
|-
|802.3bm
|2015-02
|[[100 Gigabit Ethernet|100G/40G Ethernet]] for optical fiber
|-
|802.3bn
|2016-09
|10G-[[Ethernet passive optical network|EPON]] and 10GPASS-XR, passive optical networks over coax
|-
|802.3bp
|2016-06<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/bp/ |title=IEEE P802.3bp 1000BASE-T1 PHY Task Force |date=2016-07-29 |access-date=2016-10-02}}</ref>
|[[1000BASE-T1]] – Gigabit Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive & industrial environments
|-
|802.3bq
|2016-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/NGBASET/email/msg00972.html | publisher = IEEE | title = Approval of IEEE Std 802.3by-2016, IEEE Std 802.3bq-2016, IEEE Std 802.3bp-2016 and IEEE Std 802.3br-2016 |date=2016-06-30}}.</ref>
|[[25GBASE-T]]/[[40GBASE-T]] Ethernet for four-pair balanced–twisted-pair cabling with two connectors over 30&nbsp;m distances
|-
|802.3br
|2016-06
|Specification and Management Parameters for Interspersing Express Traffic
|-
|802.3bs
|2017-12
|[[200GbE]] (200&nbsp;Gbit/s) over single-mode fiber and [[400GbE]] (400&nbsp;Gbit/s) over optical physical media
|-
|[[802.3bt]]
|2018-09
| Third generation [[Power over Ethernet]] with up to 100&nbsp;W using four pairs in balanced–twisted-pair cabling (''4PPoE''), including 10GBASE-T, lower standby power and specific enhancements to support IoT applications (e.g. lighting, sensors, building automation).
|-
|[[802.3bu]]
|2016-12
|[[PoE|Power over Data Lines (PoDL)]] for single twisted pair Ethernet ([[Fast Ethernet#100BASE-T1|100BASE-T1]])
|-
|802.3bv
|2017-02
|Gigabit Ethernet over [[Plastic optical fiber|plastic optical fiber (POF)]]
|-
|802.3bw
| 2015-10<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/bw/ |title=IEEE P802.3bw 100BASE-T1 Task Force|date=2015-10-27|quote=The work of the IEEE P802.3bw 100BASE-T1 Task Force completed with the approval of IEEE Std 802.3bw-2015 by the IEEE-SA Standards Board on 27 October 2015.}}</ref>
|[[100BASE-T1]]{{dash}}100&nbsp;Mbit/s Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive applications
|-
| 802.3-2015
| 2015-09
| 802.3bx{{dash}}A new consolidated revision of the 802.3 standard including amendments 802.3bk/bj/bm
|-
|[[802.3by]]
|2016-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/25GSG/email/msg00556.html |title=[STDS-802-3-25G] IEEE Std 802.3by-2016 Standard Approved!|date=2016-06-30}}</ref>
| [[Optical fiber]], twinax and backplane [[25 Gigabit Ethernet]]<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.ieee802.org/3/by/ | publisher = IEEE | title = P802.3by 25 Gbit/s Ethernet Task Force}}.</ref>
|-
|802.3bz
|2016-09<ref>{{Cite web|title=[802.3_NGBASET] FW: Approval of IEEE Std 802.3bz 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T |publisher=IEEE P802.3bz Task Force |url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/NGBASET/email/msg00996.html |access-date=2016-09-24}}</ref>
| [[2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T]]{{dash}}2.5&nbsp;Gigabit/s and 5&nbsp;Gigabit/s Ethernet over [[Category 5e cable|Cat-5e]]/[[Category 6 cable|Cat-6]] twisted-pair cable
|-
|802.3ca
|2020-06
|25G-EPON and 50G-EPON{{dash}}Downstream/Upstream rates of 25/10, 25/25, 50/10, 50/25, 50/50&nbsp;Gbit/s over [[Ethernet]] [[Passive Optical Network]]s
|-
|802.3cb
|2018-09
|2.5 Gbit/s and 5&nbsp;Gbit/s Operation over Backplane
|-
|802.3cc
|2017-12
|25 Gbit/s over Single-Mode Fiber
|-
|802.3cd
|2018-12
|Media Access Control Parameters for 50&nbsp;Gbit/s and Physical Layers and Management Parameters for 50, 100, and 200&nbsp;Gbit/s Operation
|-
|802.3ce
|2017-03
|Multilane Timestamping
|-
|802.3.2-2019
|2019-03
|802.3cf, YANG Data Model Definitions
|-
|[[802.3cg]]
|2019-11
|[[Advanced Physical Layer|10BASE-T1L]] and [[10BASE-T1S]]{{dash}}10&nbsp;Mbit/s Single–twisted-pair Ethernet
|-
|[[802.3ch]]
|2020-06
|[[MultiGigBASE-T1]] Automotive Ethernet (2.5, 5, 10&nbsp;Gbit/s) over 15&nbsp;m with optional PoDL
|-
|802.3-2018
|2018-08
|802.3cj{{dash}}802.3-2015 maintenance, incorporating recent amendments bn/bp/bq/br/bs/bu/bv/bw/by/bz/cc/ce
|-
|802.3ck
|2022-09
|100, 200, and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s Ethernet using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes, chaired by Beth Kochuparambil<ref name="8023officers">{{cite web |url=https://www.ieee802.org/3/contacts.html#NGBIDI | title=IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Task Force, Study Group, and Ad Hoc Officers |publisher=IEEE |date=30 April 2021 |access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref>
|-
|802.3cm
|2020-01
|400 Gbit/s over multimode fiber (four and eight pairs, 100 m)
|-
|802.3cn
|2019-11
|50 Gbit/s (40 km), 100&nbsp;Gbit/s (80 km), 200&nbsp;Gbit/s (four λ, 40 km), and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s (eight λ, 40 km and single λ, 80 km over [[DWDM]]) over single-mode fiber and DWDM
|-
|802.3cp
|2021-06
|10/25/50 Gbit/s single-strand optical access with at least 10/20/40 km reach, chaired by [[Frank Effenberger]]<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|[[802.3cq]]
|2020-01
|Power over Ethernet over two pairs (maintenance)
|-
|802.3cr
|2021-02
|Isolation (maintenance)
|-
|802.3cs
|2022-09
|"Super-PON"{{dash}}Increased-reach, 10&nbsp;Gbit/s optical access with at least 50 km reach and 1:64 split ratio per wavelength pair, 16 wavelength pairs, chaired by Claudio DeSanti<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3ct
|2021-06
|100 Gbit/s over DWDM systems (80 km reach using coherent modulation), chaired by John D'Ambrosia<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3cu
|2021-02
|100 Gbit/s and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s over SMF using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes
|-
|[[802.3cv]]
|2021-05
|Power over Ethernet maintenance, chaired by Chad Jones<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3cw
|canceled
|400 Gbit/s over DWDM Systems{{dash}}chaired by John D'Ambrosia,<ref name="8023officers"/> withdrawn
|-
|802.3cx
|2023-03
|Improved [[Precision Time Protocol|PTP]] time-stamping accuracy, chaired by Steve Gorshe<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3cy
|2023-06
|[[MultiGigBASE-T1]] 25&nbsp;Gbit/s electrical automotive Ethernet,<ref name="ieee802.3cy-2023">{{cite web | url = https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3cy/10280/ | title = Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 25 Gb/s – Electrical Automotive Ethernet | publisher = IEEE | date = 2023-08-11 | access-date = 2023-09-01 | archive-date = 2023-09-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230901155233/https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3cy/10280/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> chaired by Steve Carlson<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3cz
|2023-03
|Multi-gigabit optical automotive Ethernet, chaired by Bob Grow<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3da
|(TBD)
|[[10BASE-T1S]] 10&nbsp;Mb/s operation over single–balanced-pair multi-drop segments, extends length up to 50&nbsp;m{{dash}}scheduled for mid 2025, chaired by Chad Jones<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3db
|2022-09
|100&nbsp;Gbit/s, 200&nbsp;Gbit/s, and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s operation over optical fiber using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s signaling, chaired by Robert Lingle<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3-2022
|2022-07
|802.3dc{{dash}}802.3-2018 maintenance, incorporating recent amendments bt/ca/cb/cd/cg/ch/cm/cn/cp/cq/cr/ct/cu/cv, chaired by Adam Healey<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|[[802.3dd]]
|2022-06
|Power over Data Lines of single-pair Ethernet maintenance, chaired by George Zimmerman<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|802.3de
|2022-09
|Time synchronization for point-to-point single-pair Ethernet, chaired by George Zimmerman
|-
|802.3df
|2024-02
|200&nbsp;Gb/s, 400&nbsp;Gb/s and 800&nbsp;Gb/s using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes, chaired by John D’Ambrosia
|-
|802.3dg
|(TBD)
| [[100BASE-T1|100BASE-T1L]] (100 Mbps over a single pair with extended length to 500&nbsp;m){{dash}}scheduled for mid 2025, chaired by George Zimmerman
|-
|802.3dh
|canceled
|Multi-gigabit-per-second automotive Ethernet over plastic optical fiber, chaired by Yuji Watanabe
|-
|802.3dj
|(TBD)
|200&nbsp;Gb/s, 400&nbsp;Gb/s, 800&nbsp;Gb/s and 1.6&nbsp;Tbit/s using 200&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes{{dash}}scheduled for spring 2026, chaired by John D'Ambrosia. [[UALink]] is based on its PHY.
|-
|802.3dk
|(TBD)
|Greater than 50&nbsp;Gbit/s bidirectional optical access, chaired by Yuanqiu Luo
|-
|802.3dm
|(TBD)
|Asymmetrical Electrical Automotive Ethernet, chaired by Jon Lewis
|-
|802.3dn
|2024-09
|802.3-2022/Cor 1 Multi-Gigabit Automotive MDI Return Loss, chaired by Brett McClellan
|}
{{notelist}}

==See also==
* [[IEEE 802]]
* [[IEEE 802.11]], a set of [[wireless networking]] standards
* [[IEEE 802.16]], a set of [[WiMAX]] standards
* [[IEEE Standards Association]]

==References==
{{reflist|35em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.ieee802.org/3/ The IEEE 802.3 Working Group]
* [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page/series?id=68 Get IEEE 802.3 LAN/MAN CSMA/CD Access Method]&mdash;Download 802.3 specifications.

{{Ethernet}}
{{IEEE standards}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ieee 802.3}}
[[Category:IEEE 802|IEEE 802.03]]
[[Category:Media access control]]
[[Category:Physical layer protocols]]
[[Category:Working groups]]
[[Category:Ethernet standards]]