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{{short description|Pudding made with stale bread}}
{{redirect|Wet Nelly|the ''James Bond'' submarine|Wet Nellie}}
{{primary sources|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Bread pudding
| image = Rew13c05-745a Bread Pudding.JPG
| caption =
| region = [[England]]
| type = [[Pudding]]
| served =
| main_ingredient = Usually [[stale bread]]; combination of [[milk]], [[Egg (food)|eggs]], [[suet]], [[sugar]] or [[syrup]], [[dried fruit]], and spices
| variations = Nelson cake, Wet Nelly
| calories =
| other =
}}
[[File:breadpudding.jpg|thumb|Austin Leslie's Creole bread pudding with vanilla whiskey sauce, from the late Pampy's Restaurant in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]]]
'''Bread pudding''' is a popular bread-based [[United Kingdom|British]] [[dessert]]. It is made with [[stale bread]] and [[milk]] or [[cream]], generally containing [[egg (food)|eggs]], a form of fat such as [[oil]], [[butter]] or [[suet]] and, depending on whether the pudding is [[sweet]] or [[savoury (dish)|savory]], a variety of other ingredients. Sweet bread puddings may use [[sugar]], [[syrup]], [[honey]], [[dried fruit]], and/or [[Nut (fruit)|nuts]], as well as spices such as [[cinnamon]], [[nutmeg]], [[mace (spice)|mace]], and/or [[vanilla]]. The bread is soaked in the liquids, mixed with the other ingredients, and baked. Some other names bread pudding goes by is "poor man's pudding", "bread and butter pudding" or just "pudding".

Savory puddings like [[Strata (food)|breakfast strata]] may be served as main courses, while sweet puddings are typically eaten as desserts.

In other languages, its name is a translation of "bread pudding" or even just "pudding", for example "pudín" or "budín".<ref name="CITEREFMenta2014" /><ref name="CITEREFGuerra2014" /> In the [[Philippines]], [[banana bread]] pudding is popular. In Mexico, there is a similar dish eaten during [[Lent]] called ''[[capirotada]]''.<ref>{{cite book
 | last = Villapol
 | first = Nitza
 |author2=Martha Martínez
 | title = Cocina al minuto
 | publisher = Roger A. Queralt – Artes Gráficas
 | year = 1956
 | location = La Habana, Cuba
 | page = 254
 }}</ref> In [[Liverpool]] in the United Kingdom, a moist version of Nelson [[cake]], itself a bread pudding, is nicknamed "Wet Nelly".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/speke-hall-garden-and-estate/recipes/wet-nelly|title=Wet Nelly|website=[[National Trust]]|access-date=27 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haRTDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT407 |title = The Liverpool English Dictionary|isbn = 9781786946041|last1 = Crowley|first1 = Tony|date = April 2018| publisher=Liverpool University Press }}</ref>

==History==

Bread pudding originated with 11th-century English cooks who repurposed leftover stale bread. In the following centuries, the dish became known as "poor man's pudding" because of the scarcity of food at the time, with the pudding being made only with boiling water, sugar, and spices.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-20 |title=History of Bread Pudding |url=https://juleeho.com/food-history-101-blog/history-of-bread-pudding |access-date=2023-06-08|type= photography blog |website=Julee Ho Media |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The Origin Story Of The Famous Bread Pudding |url=https://www.slurrp.com/article/the-origin-story-of-the-famous-bread-pudding-1661015209525 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=Slurrp |language=en}}{{user-generated inline|date=June 2023}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=June 2023}}

It was only in the 13th century that eggs and milk were added to the recipe, which then became known as "bread and butter pudding".<ref name=":0" />
[[File:Bread Pudding.jpg|thumb|American bread pudding]]
The 18th-century [[English cuisine|English]] cookbook ''[[The Compleat Housewife]]'' contains two recipes for baked bread pudding. The first is identified as "A Bread and Butter Pudding for Fasting Days". To make the pudding a [[baking dish]] is lined with [[puff pastry]], and slices of [[penny loaf]] with [[butter]], [[raisins]] and [[Zante currant|currants]], and pieces of butter are added in alternating layers. Over this is poured thickened, spiced [[cream]] and [[orange blossom water]], and the dish is baked in the [[oven]]. There is another version of the dish that is simpler, omitting the spices and dried fruits.

With the arrival of the first settlers in the 13 English Colonies in America, bread pudding became popular in the colonies and later in the United States.<ref name=":0" /> [[File:BreadPudding.jpg|thumb|Bread pudding served at a restaurant in [[Harmony, Minnesota]]]]

== Regional variations ==
{{more citations needed section|date=December 2022}}

=== Asia ===
In [[Hong Kong]], bread pudding is usually served with [[vanilla]] cream dressing.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hémard|first=Ned|url=https://www.neworleansbar.org/docDownload/1896576|title=NO REAL FRENCH WORD for Pudding|year=2013|work=New Orleans Nostalgia|publisher=New Orleans Bar Association}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=February 2022}}

In [[Malaysia]], bread pudding is eaten with [[custard]] sauce.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}

In the [[Philippines]], stale unsold bread is commonly used by bakeries to make the characteristically bright-red filling of ''[[pan de regla]]''.<ref name="as">{{cite web |title=Pan de Regla |url=https://www.angsarap.net/2021/12/10/pan-de-regla/ |website=Ang Sarap|date=10 December 2021 }}</ref>

In [[Southeast Asia]]n regions like [[Malaysia]], [[Singapore]], and [[Indonesia]], bread pudding is sometimes found in local dessert shops. To cater to local preferences, it may incorporate ingredients such as coconut milk, [[pandan leaves]], palm sugar, and tropical fruits.

In [[Turkey]], bread pudding is known as [[ekmek kadayıfı]] and served with a slice of [[kaymak]] or [[ice cream]] on top of the cake which is garnished with ground [[pistachio]] or shredded [[coconut]].

In [[Myanmar]], bread pudding known as "Pu Tin" in Burmese has been a popular dessert since colonial times. It is also added to a desert known as [[Falooda]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Faluda: A Burmese Summer Dessert Drink |url=http://www.foodjimoto.com/2014/06/faluda-burmese-summer-dessert-drink.html}}</ref>

In [[Bangladesh]], a variation of bread pudding called Shahi Tukra, has existed in the region since Mughal times. Shahi Tukra (also spelled Tukda) is known in [[Hyderabad]] as Double Ka Meetha.

=== Americas ===
In [[Canada]], bread pudding is sometimes made with [[maple syrup]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riedl |first1=Sue |date=5 December 2011 |title=Maple bread pudding |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/food-and-wine/recipes/maple-bread-pudding/article649820/ |access-date=12 December 2017 |newspaper=The Globe and Mail}}</ref> In Quebec, it is made with blueberries and a maple syrup based sauce.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pouding au pain aux bleuets et sa sauce à l'érable |url=https://www.ricardocuisine.com/recettes/2276-pouding-au-pain-aux-bleuets-et-sa-sauce-a-l-erable}}</ref>

In [[Puerto Rico]], there are many variations of bread pudding on the island. [[Cream cheese]] with [[lime (fruit)|lime]] [[zest (ingredient)|zest]] and [[guava]] or [[coconut]]-sweet [[Cooking banana|plantain]] with [[rum]] [[raisin]]s is perhaps the most popular. Bread pudding is always made with a variety of spices. Puerto Rican bread pudding is cooked the same as [[crème caramel]] with caramel poured into a [[casserole|baking dish]] and then the pudding mix is poured on top. The baking dish is placed in a [[bain-marie]] and then in the oven.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/165102/budin-puerto-rican-bread-pudding/?lnkid=pin10822&crlt.pid=camp.UhW9ynnXmkcb|title=Budin (Puerto Rican Bread Pudding) Recipe|work=Allrecipes|access-date=2018-11-12|language=en-us}}</ref>

In [[Argentina]], [[Peru]], [[Paraguay]], and [[Uruguay]], bread pudding is known as "budín de pan".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/lifestyle/chula-galvez-pastelera-flores-aprendio-cocinar-su-nid2501969|work=[[La Nación]]|title=Chula Gálvez: la pastelera de las flores que aprendió a cocinar con su abuelo en un horno familiar que nadie usaba|date=6 November 2020|access-date=5 January 2021|last=Balaguer|first=Adriana|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/267370-quedate|work=[[Página/12]]|title=Quedate {{!}} Cocinas con sabor a patria|last=Reusmann|first=Silvina|date=24 May 2020|access-date=5 January 2021|language=es}}</ref>
[[File:Pudim de Pão.jpg|thumb|234x234px|Brazilian bread pudding (Pudim de Pão)]]
In [[Brazil]], bread pudding is known as "pudim de pão". The dish consists of bread, eggs, milk, condensed milk, butter, vanilla extract, and a pinch of cinnamon (optional). However, all the ingredients are mixed together in a blender and poured into a bundt-like mold (with a hole in the middle) lined with caramelized sugar syrup, which is then baked in a water bath for about 1 hour and a half. Afterwards, it is left to cool before unmolding and serving. When ready, its appearance can be compared to a creamy yet dense flan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pudim de Pão {{!}} Receitas Nestlé |url=https://www.receitasnestle.com.br/receitas/pudim-de-pao |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.receitasnestle.com.br |language=pt-br}}</ref>

In [[Panama]], bread pudding is known as "mamallena".<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://playacommunity.com/panama-articles/recipes/492-bread-pudding-mamallena.html|title=Cocina panameña: recetas proporcionadas y probadas|last=de Peláez|first=Berta|year=2002|publisher=Distribuidora Lewis |edition=2|isbn=8437819636}}</ref>

In [[Aruba]], bread pudding is known as "pan bolo".{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}}

In [[Cuba]], bread pudding is known as "pudín de pan"<ref>{{cite book |last=Randelman |first=Mary Urrutia |title=Memories of a Cuban Kitchen: More than 200 Classic Recipes |author2=Joan Schwartz |publisher=Macmillan |year=1992 |isbn=0-02-860998-0 |location=New York |pages=290–291}}</ref> and many serve it with a guava [[marmalade]].<ref name="CITEREFMenta2014">{{cite web|url=http://ediblesouthflorida.ediblecommunities.com/recipes/queen-all-pudding|title=Queen of All Pudding|website=Edible South Florida|date=14 July 2014 |access-date=27 August 2018}}</ref>

In [[Chile]], bread pudding is known as "colegial" or "budín de pan".<ref name="CITEREFGuerra2014">{{Cite web|last=Guerra|first=Francisca|url=http://franisinthekitchen.com/colegiales-o-budin-de-pan-chileno-receta-light/|title=Colegiales o Budin de pan chileno|date=27 September 2014|work=Fran is in the Kitchen|access-date=30 October 2019}}</ref>

In [[Mexico]] it is simply known as "budín" and is usually made with [[bolillo]] leftovers. It's typically made with raisins and pecans.

In the [[United States]], especially [[Louisiana]], bread puddings are typically sweet and served as dessert with a sweet sauce of some sort, such as [[whiskey]] sauce, rum sauce, or [[caramel]] sauce.

=== Europe ===
In the [[United Kingdom]], bread pudding is made with seasonings such as nutmeg and cinnamon.  It is served with a rum or whisky sauce or a hot custard.        

In [[Belgium]], particularly [[Brussels]], bread pudding is baked with [[brown sugar]], [[cinnamon]], [[stale bread]], and [[raisin]]s or [[apple]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Waerebeek |first1=Ruth |url=https://www.eatyourbooks.com/library/recipes/765515/belgian-bread-pudding-broodpudding- |title=Everybody eats well in Belgium cookbook: 250 Recipes from a Rich Culinary Tradition |last2=Robbins |first2=Maria |date=1996 |publisher=Workman Pub. |isbn=9781563054112 |location=New York |pages=294–95 |access-date=November 17, 2017}}</ref>        

In [[Hungary]], it is called {{Lang|hu|Máglyarakás}} (literally, "bonfire") which is baked with whipped [[egg white]]s on top.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://hungarytoday.hu/hungarian-bread-pudding-recipe/| title = The queen of leftovers: the Hungarian bread pudding| date = 6 November 2021}}</ref>

[[File:Bread pudding on white background-2.jpg|thumb|Black bread pudding, Mecklenburg]]
In [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]], [[Germany]], [[black bread]] is used to make "black bread pudding" ({{Lang|de|Schwarzbrotpudding}}).<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2023-09-21 |title=Holiday Comfort Food: Panettone Bread and Butter Pudding Recipe |url=https://cookfavor.com/panettone-bread-and-butter-pudding/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=Cook Favor |language=en-GB}}</ref>

In the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]] bread pudding is known as "[[Žemlovka|žemľovka]]" and is most commonly made of apples, raisins and [[rohlík]]s or [[Veka (pastry)|veka]], soaked in sweet milk with whipped egg whites on top.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Food}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Bread and butter pudding]]
* [[Ekmek kadayıfı]]
* [[Cabinet pudding]]
* [[Klappertaart]]
* [[List of bread dishes]]
* [[Pain à la grecque]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline|Bread puddings}}
* {{Cookbook-inline|Bread pudding}}

{{Puddings}}
{{Bread}}
[[Category:British desserts]]
[[Category:American desserts]]
[[Category:Argentine desserts]]
[[Category:Australian desserts]]
[[Category:New Zealand desserts]]
[[Category:Paraguayan desserts]]
[[Category:Uruguayan desserts]]
[[Category:Canadian cuisine]]
[[Category:British puddings]]
[[Category:English cuisine]]
[[Category:Louisiana cuisine]]
[[Category:Cuban cuisine]]
[[Category:Belgian desserts]]
[[Category:Puerto Rican cuisine]]
[[Category:Colombian cuisine]]
[[Category:Bahamian cuisine]]
[[Category:Bread dishes]]
[[Category:Christmas food]]
[[Category:Puff pastry]]
[[Category:Dried fruit]]
[[Category:Louisiana Creole cuisine]]