View source for 1944

{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Events by month|1944}}
{{Year dab|1944}}
{{Year nav|1944}}
{{C20 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1944}}
{{TOC limit|2}}

==Events==
Below, the events of [[World War II]] have the "WWII" prefix.

===January===
{{Main article|January 1944}}
[[File:Landing at Anzio.jpg|thumb|US Army troops landing at [[Anzio]] during [[Operation Shingle]], late January 1944.]]
* [[January 2]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Free France|Free French]] General [[Jean de Lattre de Tassigny]] is appointed to command [[First Army (France)|French Army B]], part of the [[Sixth United States Army Group]] in North Africa.
** [[Landing at Saidor]]: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on [[Papua New Guinea]] in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat.
* [[January 8]] &ndash; WWII: [[Philippine Commonwealth]] troops enter the province of [[Ilocos Sur]] in northern [[Luzon]] and attack Japanese forces.
* [[January 11]]
** [[United States]] President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] proposes a [[Second Bill of Rights]] for social and economic security, in his [[State of the Union]] address.
** The Nazi German administration expands [[Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp]] into the larger standalone ''Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau'' in occupied Poland.
* [[January 12]] &ndash; WWII: [[Winston Churchill]] and [[Charles de Gaulle]] begin a 2-day conference in [[Marrakech]].
* [[January 14]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet troops start the offensive at [[Leningrad]] and [[Novgorod]].
* [[January 15]]
** WWII: The [[27th Polish Home Army Infantry Division]] is re-created, marking the start of [[Operation Tempest]] by the Polish [[Home Army]], a resistance force.
** [[1944 San Juan earthquake]]: An earthquake hits [[San Juan, Argentina]], killing an estimated 10,000 people, in the worst natural disaster in Argentina's history.
** The [[Battle of Monte Cassino]] begins in Italy. British forces cross the [[Garigliano]] River. [[United States Army North|U.S. Fifth Army]] troops, commanded by Lieutenant-General [[Mark W. Clark]], arrive at the Garigliano, to begin their attack against the [[Gustav Line]] south of Rome. The [[French Expeditionary Corps (1943–44)|French Expeditionary Corps]], under command of General [[Alphonse Juin]], moves into the mountains north of [[Monte Cassino]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Ken|last=Ford|year=2004|title=Cassino 1944: Breaking the Gustav Line|url=https://archive.org/details/cassinobreakingg00ford|url-access=limited|page=[https://archive.org/details/cassinobreakingg00ford/page/n9 12]|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|isbn=978-1-84176-623-2}}</ref>
** The [[Soviet Union]] ceases production of the [[Mosin–Nagant 1891/30]] [[sniper rifle]].
* [[January 17]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Battle of Korsun–Cherkassy]] begins in the Soviet Ukraine.
* [[January 20]] &ndash; WWII:
** The [[Royal Air Force]] drops 2,300 tons of bombs on Berlin.
** The [[36th Infantry Division (United States)|United States 36th Infantry Division]] in Italy attempts to cross the [[Rapido (river)|Rapido]] River.
* [[January 22]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Shingle]]: The [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] begin the assault on [[Anzio]], Italy. The [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. 45th Infantry Division]] stand their ground at Anzio against violent assaults for four months. 
* [[January 25]] &ndash; A [[Solar eclipse of January 25, 1944|total solar eclipse]] is visible in Pacific Ocean, South America, Atlantic Ocean and Africa, the 48th solar eclipse of [[Solar Saros 130]].
* [[January 27]] &ndash; WWII:
** The two-year [[Siege of Leningrad]] is lifted.
** [[Light cruiser]] {{HMS|Spartan|95|6}} is sunk by a [[Henschel Hs 293]] [[guided missile]] from a German aircraft off [[Anzio]], western Italy, with the loss of 46 men.
* [[January 29]] &ndash; WWII: [[Koniuchy massacre]] &ndash; A unit of [[Soviet partisans]] accompanied by [[Jewish partisans]] kills at least 38 civilians in the village of [[Kaniūkai|Koniuchy]] in [[Nazi occupied Lithuania]].
* [[January 30]] &ndash; WWII:
** The [[Battle of Cisterna]] opens as [[United States Army Rangers]] attempt to break out of the [[Anzio]] beachhead.
** United States troops invade [[Majuro, Marshall Islands]].
* [[January 31]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Kwajalein]]: American forces land on [[Kwajalein Atoll]] and other islands in the Japanese-held [[Marshall Islands]].

===February===
{{Main article|February 1944}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2005-0004, Italien, Monte Cassino.jpg|thumb|The Abbey of [[Monte Cassino]] in ruins after being [[Battle of Monte Cassino|destroyed by Allied bombing]], February 1944.]]
* The [[Zadran (Pashtun tribe)|Zadran]] tribe rises up against the Afghan government, starting the [[Afghan tribal revolts of 1944–1947]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=ГЛАВА XXXVIII. ВОССТАНИЕ ПУШТУНСКИХ ПЛЕМЕН 1944 -1945 ГГ. В|url=https://scibook.net/stran-azii-istoriya/xxxviii-vosstanie-pushtunskih-plemen-1944-1945-38755.html|website=scibook.net|access-date=2020-04-29}}</ref>
* [[February 2]] &ndash; The first issue of ''[[Human Events]]'' is published in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C]].
* [[February 3]] &ndash; WWII: United States [[4th Marine Division (United States)|4th Marine Division]] with the help of the [[7th Infantry Division (United States)|7th Infantry Division]] capture the [[Marshall Islands]].
* [[February 7]] &ndash; WWII: At [[Anzio]], German forces launch a counteroffensive.
* [[February 8]] &ndash; WWII:
** 2,765 drown when American [[Submarine#World War II|submarine]] {{USS|Snook|SS-279|6}} torpedoes Japanese troop transport ''[[Lima Maru]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/mota02.pdf|title=Convoy Mo-Ta-06 (モタ61船団)|publisher=All Japan Seamen's Union|access-date=2011-11-18}}</ref>
** 2,670 drown when British submarine {{HMS|Sportsman|P229|6}} torpedoes German-captured {{ship|German ship|Petrella||2}} carrying Italian prisoners of war.<ref name=gmd>{{cite web|url=http://www.shipwreckregistry.com/index6.htm|title=Greatest Maritime Disasters|publisher=International Registry of Sunken Ships|access-date=2010-12-06}}</ref>
* [[February 14]] &ndash; WWII: An anti-Japanese revolt breaks out on [[Java]].
* [[February 15]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Monte Cassino]] &ndash; The monastery atop [[Monte Cassino]] is destroyed by Allied bombing.
* [[February 17]] &ndash; WWII: [[Pacific War]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Eniwetok]] begins when U.S. forces invade the atoll in the [[Marshall Islands]].
* [[February 18]] &ndash; WWII: British light cruiser {{HMS|Penelope|97|6}} is torpedoed and sunk by [[German submarine U-410|''U-410'']] in the Mediterranean; 417 of her crew, including the captain, go down with the ship; 206 survive.
* [[February 20]] &ndash; WWII:
** The "[[Big Week]]" begins, with American bomber raids on German aircraft manufacturing centers.
** The United States takes [[Eniwetok Atoll]].
** [[Norwegian heavy water sabotage]]: The [[Norwegian resistance]] sinks train ferry [[SF Hydro|SF ''Hydro'']] which is carrying a shipment of [[heavy water]] from the [[Vemork]] plant to Germany along [[Tinnsjå]] in [[Telemark]].
* [[February 22]] &ndash; WWII: The [[United States Strategic Air Forces in Europe]] is organized from the Eighth Air Force's strategic planning staff, subsuming strategic planning for all [[US Army Air Force]]s in Europe and Africa.
* [[February 23]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush]] ("Operation Lentil"): Forced deportation of [[Chechens]] and [[Ingush people]] from [[North Caucasus]] to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in [[Central Asia]] by the Soviet authorities begins.
** The [[Battle of Eniwetok]] concludes when U.S. forces secure the last islands in the [[Eniwetok Atoll]].
* [[February 24]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Rasher|SS-269|6}} torpedoes Japanese transports {{SS|Ryūsei Maru||2}} and {{ship||Tango Maru}}; 7,998 drown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~gduncan/maritime-2a.html|title=More Maritime Disasters of World War II|publisher=George Duncan|access-date=2010-12-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404095404/http://members.iinet.net.au/~gduncan/maritime-2a.html|archive-date=2011-04-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[February 26]]
** [[Kurt Gerron]] begins shooting the [[Nazism|Nazi]] propaganda film ''[[Theresienstadt (film)|Theresienstadt]]'' in [[Theresienstadt concentration camp]]. He and many others who are featured in it are transferred to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] and gassed upon the film's completion.
** [[Sue S. Dauser]] becomes the first woman appointed to the substantive rank of [[Captain (USN)|captain]], in the [[United States Navy Nurse Corps]].
* [[February 29]] &ndash; WWII: [[Pacific War]] &ndash; The [[Admiralty Islands campaign]] (Operation Brewer) opens when U.S. forces land on [[Los Negros Island]] in the [[Admiralty Islands]].

===March===
{{Main article|March 1944}}
[[File:Mt Vesuvius Erupting 1944.jpg|thumb|The March 1944 eruption of [[Mount Vesuvius]].]]
* [[March]] &ndash; Austrian-born [[economist]] [[Friedrich Hayek]] publishes his book ''[[The Road to Serfdom]]'' in [[London]].
* [[March 1]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Trout|SS-202|6}} torpedoes Japanese merchant cruiser {{ship||Sakito Maru}}; 2,495 drown.<ref name="senbotsukisen">{{cite web|url=http://www.ric.hi-ho.ne.jp/senbotusen/siryo-deta/senbotukisenlist.pdf|title=List of sunken ships in Pacific War (太平洋戦争時の喪失船舶明細表)|publisher=Sunken Ships Record Association (戦没船を記録する会)|access-date=2012-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202233818/http://www.ric.hi-ho.ne.jp/senbotusen/siryo-deta/senbotukisenlist.pdf|archive-date=2013-12-02|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[March 2]] &ndash; The [[16th Academy Awards]] Ceremony is held, the first Oscar ceremony held at a large public venue, [[Grauman's Chinese Theatre]] in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]]. ''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'', directed by [[Michael Curtiz]], wins the [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Award for Best Picture]].
* [[March 3]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Order of Nakhimov]] and the [[Order of Ushakov]] are instituted in the [[USSR]].
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Louis Buchalter]], the leader of [[1930s]] crime syndicate [[Murder, Inc.]], is executed at [[Sing Sing]], in [[Ossining (village), New York|Ossining, New York]], along with [[Emanuel Weiss]] and [[Louis Capone]].
* [[March 6]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet Army planes [[Bombing of Narva in World War II|attack]] [[Narva]], [[Estonia]], destroying over 95% of the town.<ref name="kattago2">{{cite journal |last=Kattago |first=Siobhan |year=2008 |title=Commemorating Liberation and Occupation: War Memorials Along the Road to Narva |journal=[[Journal of Baltic Studies]] |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=431–449 |doi=10.1080/01629770802461225 |s2cid=145001694}}</ref>
* [[March 9]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet Army planes [[Bombing of Tallinn in World War II|attack]] [[Tallinn]], [[Estonia]], killing 757 and leaving 25,000 homeless.
* [[March 10]]
** In Britain, the prohibition on married women working as teachers is lifted.<ref>{{cite book|first=David|last=Kynaston|title=Austerity Britain 1945–1951|location=London|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7475-7985-4}}</ref>
** Resistance leader [[Joop Westerweel]] is arrested while returning to the Netherlands, having escorted a group of Jewish children to safety in [[Spain]].
* [[March 12]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Political Committee of National Liberation]] is created in Greece.
* [[March 15]]
** WWII: [[Battle of Monte Cassino]]: [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] aircraft bomb the monastery, and an assault is staged.
** WWII: The National Council of the [[French Resistance]] approves the [[Resistance movement|Resistance]] programme.
** The [[Soviet Union]] introduces [[State Anthem of the Soviet Union|a new anthem]], replacing ''[[The Internationale]]''.
* [[March 18]]
**The last eruption of [[Mount Vesuvius]] in Italy kills 26, and causes thousands to flee their homes.
**WWII: The Nazis execute almost 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and anti-[[fascist]] Romanians at [[Rîbnița]].
* [[March 19]] 
** WWII: [[Operation Margarethe]]: German forces occupy Hungary.
** The secular [[oratorio]] ''[[A Child of Our Time]]'' by [[Michael Tippett]] is premiered at the [[Adelphi Theatre]] in London.<ref name=Amis>{{cite journal|last= Amis|first= John|author-link= John Amis|title= New Choral Work by Michael Tippett: ''A Child of Our Time''|journal=[[The Musical Times]]|volume= 85|issue= 1212|date= February 1944|pages=41–42|jstor= 921782|doi= 10.2307/921782}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
* [[March 20]] – WWII:
** [[Landing on Emirau]]: 4,000 [[United States Marines]] land on [[Emirau Island]] in the [[Bismarck Archipelago]] to develop an airbase, as part of [[Operation Cartwheel]].
** British [[Royal Air Force]] Flight Sergeant [[Nicholas Alkemade]]'s bomber is hit over Germany, and he has to bail out without a [[parachute]] from a height of over {{convert|4,000|m|sp=us|0}}. Tree branches interrupt his fall and he lands safely on deep snow.
* [[March 23]] &ndash; WWII: Members of the [[Italian Resistance]] attack [[Nazis]] marching in Via Rasella, killing 33.
* [[March 24]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Ardeatine massacre]]: In Rome, 335 Italians are killed, including 75 Jews and over 200 members of the [[Italian Resistance]] from various groups.
** In [[Markowa]], Poland, German police kill Józef and Wiktoria Ulm, their 6 children and 8 Jews they were hiding.
** [[Stalag Luft III#The great escape|The "Great Escape"]]: 76 [[Royal Air Force]] prisoners of war escape by tunnel "Harry" from [[Stalag Luft III]] in Silesia this night. Only 3 men (2 Norwegians and a Dutchman) return to the UK; of those recaptured, 50 are summarily executed soon afterwards, in the [[Stalag Luft III murders]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Paul|last=Brickhill|authorlink=Paul Brickhill|title=[[The Great Escape (book)|The Great Escape]]|publisher=Norton|year=1950}}</ref>
* [[March 27]] &ndash; In Sweden, [[Ruben Rausing]] patents [[Erik Wallenberg]]'s method of packaging milk in paper, origin of the international company [[Tetra Pak]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Sedig|first=Kjell|year=2002|title=Swedish Innovations|location=Stockholm|publisher=The Swedish Institute|page=45|isbn=91-520-0910-6}}</ref>

===April===
{{Main article|April 1944}}

*[[April 1]] &ndash; The Swiss city of [[Schaffhausen]] is [[Aerial incidents in Switzerland in World War II#Schaffhausen|accidentally bombed]] by the United States causing serious damage to the city and killing or wounding more than 100 people.<ref>{{cite book |title=Air University Review |date=1976 |publisher=Department of the Air Force |page=20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=py6oImEZoDMC&pg=RA3-PA20 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[April 2]] &ndash; WWII: [[Ascq massacre]]: Members of the [[12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend|12th SS Panzer Division ''Hitlerjugend'']] shoot 85 civilians suspected of blowing up their train on its approach to the [[Gare d'Ascq]] in France.
*[[April 4]] WWII:
**Allied bombardment of [[Bucharest]], Romania begins. The United States Air Force and British Royal Air Force, with approximately 3,640 bombers of different types, accompanied by about 1,830 fighters bomb [[Romania]] for the following 4½ months. As collateral damage, 5,524 inhabitants are killed, 3,373 injured, and 47,974 left homeless.
**An Allied [[Aerial reconnaissance|photoreconnaissance aircraft]] of [[60 Squadron SAAF]] photographs part of [[Auschwitz concentration camp]].
*[[April 10]] 
**[[The Holocaust]]: [[Rudolf Vrba]] and [[Alfréd Wetzler]] escape from [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]; on April 25&ndash;27 they prepare the [[Vrba–Wetzler report]], one of the earliest and most detailed descriptions of the extermination of Jews in the camp.
** WWII: As part of the [[Odessa Offensive]], the Soviet 3rd Ukrainian Front liberated the city of [[Odessa]] in Southern Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://books.stonebooks.com/wardiary/19440410/ |title=War Diary for Monday, 10 April 1944 |website=Stone & Stone Second World War Books |access-date=April 15, 2023}}</ref>
*[[April 14]]
** [[Bombay Explosion (1944)|Bombay Explosion]]: Freighter SS ''Fort Stikine'', carrying a mixed cargo of ammunition, cotton bales and gold, explodes in harbour at [[Bombay]] (India), sinking surrounding ships and killing around 800 people.
** WWII: As part of the Japanese-supported Axis forces led by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, fighting for India's liberation from British rule, Col. Shaukat Ali Malik of the Bahadur Group of the Indian National Army enters Moirang in modern-day Manipur in northeastern India and raises the flag of the Azri Hukumat e-Azad Hind for the first time on Indian soil. This is considered to be one of the first times in British Indian history where an army of liberation raises the national flag on Indian mainland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bishnupur.nic.in/tourist-place/ina-memorial-moirang/|title=INA Memorial Moirang &#124; Bishnupur District, Government of Manipur &#124; India|accessdate=April 15, 2023}}</ref>
*[[April 15]] &ndash; Italian fascist philosopher [[Giovanni Gentile]] is assassinated in [[Florence]] by [[:it:Bruno Fanciullacci|Bruno Fanciullacci]], a member of the partisan [[Gruppi di Azione Patriottica]].
*[[April 16]] &ndash; WWII: Allied forces start bombing [[Belgrade]], killing about 1,100 people. This bombing falls on the Orthodox Christian Easter.
*[[April 19]] &ndash; WWII:
** The Japanese launch the [[Operation Ichi-Go]] offensive in central and south China.
** [[:fr:Semaine rouge (Rouen)|Semaine rouge]]: American and British planes bomb the city of [[Rouen]].
*[[April 20]] 
** Members of the [[Slovene Home Guard]] swear an oath to [[Hitler]] on his birthday at [[Bežigrad Stadium]].
* [[April 22]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Hollandia]]: American forces disembark at [[Tanahmerah Bay]] and at [[Yos Sudarso Bay]], near [[Jayapura|Hollandia]]. The landings are undertaken simultaneously with the amphibious [[Landing at Aitape|invasion of Aitape]] ("Operation Persecution") to the east.<ref>Morison, S.E. (1960). ''New Guinea and the Marianas: March 1944 – August 1944'', p. 84. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Volume VIII. Boston: Little, Brown. {{OCLC|174795561}}.</ref>   
*[[April 25]]
** The Holocaust: [[SS]]-''[[Obersturmbannführer]]'' [[Adolf Eichmann]] opens "blood for goods" negotiations with [[Joel Brand]], to offer the release of thousands of Jews from eastern Europe to the Hungarian [[Aid and Rescue Committee]], in exchange for supplies for the German [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]].
** The [[United Negro College Fund]] is incorporated in the [[United States]].
*[[April 26]] &ndash; WWII:
**[[Kidnap of General Kreipe|German General Kreipe is kidnapped]] on [[Crete]], Greece.
** American submarine {{USS|Jack|SS-259|6}} torpedoes Japanese cargo carrier {{SS|Yoshida Maru No. 1||2}}; 2,649 drown.<ref name="take">{{cite web|url=http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/take.pdf|title=Convoy Take Ichi|publisher=All Japan Seamen's Union|access-date=2011-11-17}}</ref>
*[[April 28]] &ndash; WWII: Allied convoy T4, forming part of amphibious [[Exercise Tiger]] (a full-scale rehearsal for the [[Normandy landings]]) in [[Start Bay]], off the [[Devon]] coast of England, is attacked by [[E-boat]]s, resulting in the deaths of 749 American servicemen from [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Small|first1=Ken|first2=Mark|last2=Rogerson|title=The Forgotten Dead – Why 946 American Servicemen Died off the Coast of Devon in 1944 – and the Man who Discovered their True Story|location=London|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=1988|isbn=978-0-7475-0309-5}}</ref>

===May===
{{Main article|May 1944}}
[[File:CommonwealthPrimeMinisters1944.jpg|thumb|The prime ministers of Britain and the four major dominions at the 1944 [[Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting|Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference]], May 1, 1944.]]
* [[May]] &ndash; [[Jean-Paul Sartre]]'s [[Existentialism|existentialist]] drama ''[[No Exit]]'' (''Huis Clos'') premières in Nazi-occupied Paris.
* [[May 1]] &ndash; WWII: Two hundred Communist prisoners [[Kaisariani executions|are shot by the Germans at Kaisariani, Athens, Greece]], in reprisal for the killing of General Franz Krech by Partisans at [[Molaoi]].
* [[May 5]] &ndash; WWII: [[Mohandas Gandhi]] is released from jail in India, on health grounds.
* [[May 9]] &ndash; WWII: In the Soviet city of [[Sevastopol]], Soviet troops completely drive out German forces, who had been ordered by [[Hitler]] to “fight to the last man.”<ref name="ReferenceA">"Year by Year 1944" &ndash; [[History Channel International]]</ref>
* [[May 12]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet troops finalize the liberation of the [[Crimea]].
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: Predominantly Muslim Albanian troops of the [[21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg (1st Albanian)|21st ''Waffen'' Mountain Division of the SS ''Skanderbeg'' (1st Albanian)]] round up 281 Jews in [[Priština]], and hand them over to the Germans for transportation to [[Bergen-Belsen concentration camp]].
* [[May 15]] &ndash; WWII: Allied military and political leaders, including [[Winston Churchill]], [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Franklin Roosevelt]], [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Dwight Eisenhower]], [[George S. Patton|George Patton]], [[Bernard Montgomery]] and more, meet for the final [[Normandy landings|D-Day]] joint briefing at [[St Paul's Girls' School|St. Paul's School]] in London.    
* May 15&ndash;[[July 8]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Hungarian Jews]] are deported to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] and other [[Nazi concentration camp]]s.
* [[May 17]] &ndash; WWII: [[Merrill's Marauders]] and Chinese troops (some 3,000 men) led by Brigadier General [[Frank Merrill]] capture [[Myitkyina]] airfield, after a 100-kilometer march over the [[Kachin Hills|Kumon Mountain range]] (using mules for carrying supplies).<ref>Taylor, Thomas H. (1997). ''Rangers: Lead the Way'', p. 7. Turner Publishing Co. {{ISBN|1-56311-182-9}}.</ref>
* [[May 18]] &ndash; WWII: 
** [[Battle of Monte Cassino]]: The Germans evacuate [[Monte Cassino]] and [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] forces, led by [[Władysław Anders]] from [[Polish II Corps]], take the stronghold after a struggle that has claimed 20,000 lives.
** [[Deportation of the Crimean Tatars|Crimean Tatars are deported]] by the [[Soviet Union]].
* [[May 20]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Wakde]]: American forces of the [[163rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|163rd Regimental Combat Team]] (some 1,500 men) under Brigadier General [[Jens A. Doe|Jens Doe]] take the Japanese-held [[Wakde|Wakde island]] ([[Dutch New Guinea]]).<ref>Smith, Robert Ross (1953). ''The Approach to the Philippines'', p. 231. United States Army Center of Military History. {{OCLC|570739529}}.</ref>
* [[May 24]] &ndash; WWII: [[West Loch disaster]]: Six [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s are accidentally destroyed and 163 men killed, in [[Pearl Harbor]].
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois|Princess Charlotte Louise Juliette Louvet Grimaldi]] of [[Monaco]], heir to the throne, resigns in favor of her son [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Prince Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi]], who later reigns as Prince Rainier III of Monaco.
* [[May 31]] &ndash; WWII: American destroyer escort {{USS|England|DE-635|6}} sinks the sixth Japanese submarine in two weeks. This [[anti-submarine]] warfare performance remains unmatched through the 20th century.

===June===
{{Main article|June 1944}}
[[File:NormandySupply edit.jpg|thumb|Allied troops land on the beaches of Normandy during [[D-Day]].]]
[[File:LVTs move toward Saipan, past bombarding cruisers, on 15 June 1944 (80-G-231838).jpg|thumb|[[Landing Vehicle Tracked|LVTs]] heading for shore on June 15, 1944, during the [[Battle of Saipan]].]]
* [[June 1]] &ndash; Two [[K-class blimp]]s of the [[United States Navy]] complete the first [[transatlantic crossing]] by [[Blimp|non-rigid airship]]s, from the U.S. to [[French Morocco]], with two stops.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kaiser|first=Don|url=https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/fbd712_4eac320cdad44dd68701e9cecad8e446.pdf|title=K-Ships Across the Atlantic|journal=Naval Aviation News|volume=93|issue=2|year=2011|access-date=2011-09-23}}</ref>
* [[June 2]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Provisional Government of the French Republic]] is established.
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Hans Asperger]] publishes his paper on [[Asperger syndrome]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Asperger|first=H.|orig-year=1944|chapter='Autistic psychopathy' in childhood|editor=Frith, Uta|title=Autism and Asperger Syndrome|url=https://archive.org/details/autismaspergersy00frit|url-access=limited|year=1991|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-38448-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/autismaspergersy00frit/page/n46 37]–92}}</ref>
* [[June 4]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Rome]] falls to the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]], the first of the [[Axis powers|Axis]] capitals to fall.
** A hunter-killer group of the [[United States Navy]] captures the {{GS|U-505}}, marking the first time a U.S. Navy vessel has captured an enemy vessel at sea since the [[War of 1812]]. Some significant intelligence data is acquired.
* [[June 5]] &ndash; WWII:
** The German navy's [[Enigma machine|Enigma]] messages are decoded in England almost in real time.
** British [[Group Captain]] [[James Stagg]] correctly forecasts a brief improvement in weather conditions over the [[English Channel]], which will permit the following day's [[Normandy landings]] to take place (having been deferred from today due to unfavourable weather).
** At 10:15&nbsp;p.m. local time, the [[BBC]] transmits coded messages including the second line of the [[Paul Verlaine]] poem "[[Chanson d'automne]]" to the [[French Resistance]], indicating that the invasion of Europe is about to begin.<ref>{{cite book|author-link=M. R. D. Foot|last=Foot|first=M. R. D.|title=SOE: An Outline History of the Special Operations Executive 1940–46|location=London|publisher=Pimlico|year=1999|isbn=978-0-7126-6585-8|page=143}}</ref>
** More than 1,000 British bombers drop 5,000 tons of bombs on German gun batteries on the [[Normandy]] coast, in preparation for [[D-Day]].
** US and British [[airborne forces|airborne]] divisions drop into Normandy, in preparation for D-Day.
** [[D-Day naval deceptions]] are launched.
* [[June 6]] &ndash; WWII: D-Day: 155,000 [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] troops shipped from England land on the beaches of [[Normandy]] in northern France, beginning [[Operation Overlord]] and the [[Invasion of Normandy]]. The Allied soldiers quickly break through the [[Atlantic Wall]] and push inland, in the largest amphibious [[military]] operation in history. This operation helps liberate France from Germany, and also weakens the Nazi hold on Europe.
* [[June 7]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Bayeux]] is liberated by British troops.
** [[Operation Perch]], a British attempt to capture [[Caen]] from the Germans, commences; it is abandoned on June 14.
** The steamer ''Danae'' ({{langx|el|Δανάη}}), carrying 600 [[Crete|Cretans]] (including 350 Greek Jews) on the first leg of the journey to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]], is sunk, with no known survivors, off [[Santorini]].
** [[Joel Brand]] is intercepted by British agents in [[Aleppo]].
* [[June 9]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet leader [[Joseph Stalin]] launches the [[Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive]] against Finland, with the intent of defeating Finland before pushing for Berlin.
* [[June 10]] &ndash; WWII: [[Oradour-sur-Glane massacre]]: 642 men, women and children are killed in France.
* [[June 13]] &ndash; WWII: Germany launches the first [[V-1 flying bomb]] attack on London.<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=978-0-14-102715-9|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[June 15]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Saipan]]: United States forces land on [[Saipan]].
* [[June 15]]–[[June 16|16]] &ndash; WWII: [[Bombing of Yawata (June 1944)|Bombing of Yawata]] &ndash; The [[United States Army Air Forces]] conduct the first air raid on the Japanese home islands.
* [[June 16]] &ndash; At age 14, [[African-American]] teenage boy [[George Stinney|George Stinney Jr.]] becomes the youngest person ever executed by [[electric chair]] in the United States.
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[Iceland]] declares full independence from Denmark.
* [[June 19]] &ndash; WWII: A severe storm badly damages the [[Mulberry harbour]]s on the [[Normandy]] coast.
* [[June 20]] &ndash; WWII: A [[V-2 rocket]] becomes the first man-made object to cross the [[Kármán line]] and reach the edge of space.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780029228951|url-access=registration|last=Neufeld|first=Michael J.|publisher=The Free Press|year=1995|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780029228951/page/158 158], 160–162, 190|isbn=9780029228951}}</ref>
* [[June 22]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Operation Bagration]]: A general attack by [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] forces clears the German forces from [[Belarus]], resulting in the destruction of German [[Army Group Centre]], possibly the greatest defeat of the Wehrmacht during WWII.
** [[Burma Campaign]]: The [[Battle of Kohima]] ends in a British victory.
* [[June 23]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Maurice Rossel]] of the [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] visits [[Theresienstadt concentration camp]], uncritically accepting the propaganda view of it presented by the ''[[Schutzstaffel]]''.
* [[June 25]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Battle of Tali-Ihantala]] (the largest battle ever in the [[Nordic countries]]): Finland is able to resist the Soviet attack, and thus manages to remain an independent nation.
** [[Bombardment of Cherbourg|Cherbourg is bombarded]] by ships of the [[United States Navy]] and British [[Royal Navy]], in support of U.S. ground troops.
* [[June 26]] &ndash; WWII: American troops enter [[Cherbourg-Octeville|Cherbourg]].
* [[June 29]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Sturgeon|SS-187|6}} torpedoes Japanese troop transport {{ship||Toyama Maru}}; 5,400 drown.<ref name=gmd/>
* [[June 30]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Tang|SS-306|6}} torpedoes Japanese troop transport {{SS|Nikkin Maru}}; 3,219 drown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/nikkin.pdf|title=Nikkin Maru - Casualties (日錦丸の被害)|publisher=All Japan Seamen's Union|access-date=2011-11-18}}</ref>

===July===
{{Main article|July 1944}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1972-025-12, Zerstörte Lagerbaracke nach dem 20. Juli 1944.jpg|thumb|Aftermath of the failed [[20 July plot]] to kill Hitler.]]
[[File:19440816 soviet soldiers attack jelgava.jpg|thumb|Soviet soldiers fight in the streets of [[Jelgava]], summer 1944.]]
[[File:Medics helping injured soldier in France, 1944 - NARA - 535973.tif|thumb|American medics helping injured soldier in France, 1944.]]
* July&ndash;October &ndash; WWII: Germans are driven out of Lithuania leading to reimposition of the [[Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic]].
* [[July 1]] &ndash; The [[United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference]] begins at [[Bretton Woods, New Hampshire]], United States.
* [[July 3]] &ndash; WWII:
** Soviet troops liberate [[Minsk]].
** [[Battle of Imphal]]: Japanese forces call off their advance, ending the battle with a British victory.
* [[July 4]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Windsor]]: Canadian forces of the [[3rd Canadian Division|3rd Canadian Infantry Division]] attack [[Carpiquet]] airfield defended by German troops of the ''[[12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend]]'' of [[5th Panzer Army|Panzergruppe West]].
* [[July 6]] &ndash; WWII: At [[Camp Hood]], Texas, future baseball star and 1st Lt. [[Jackie Robinson]] is arrested and later [[court-martial]]ed, for refusing to move to the back of a segregated U.S. Army bus (he is eventually acquitted).
* [[July 9]] &ndash; WWII: British and Canadian forces capture [[Caen]].
* [[July 10]]–[[July 11|11]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Jupiter (1944)|Operation Jupiter]] during the Battle of Normandy of World War II: British strategic victory over German Panzer Corps.
* [[July 10]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet troops begin operations to liberate the [[Baltic states|Baltic countries]] from Nazi occupation.
* [[July 12]]&ndash;[[July 21|21]] &ndash; WWII: [[Dortan massacre]] &ndash; 35&ndash;36 French civilians are killed by ''[[Ostlegionen]]'' (Cossacks) serving with the ''[[Wehrmacht]]''.
* [[July 13]] &ndash; WWII: [[Vilnius]] is freed by Soviet forces.
* [[July 16]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Adolf Hitler]] departs [[Berchtesgaden]] for what will be the final time as he flies to the [[Wolf's Lair]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.stonebooks.com/wardiary/19440716/|title=War Diary for Sunday, 16 July 1944|website=Stone & Stone Second World War Books|access-date=2016-03-01}}</ref> aborting [[Operation Foxley]], a British plot to assassinate him.
** The first contingent of the [[Brazilian Expeditionary Force]] arrives in Italy.
* [[July 17]] &ndash; WWII:
** The largest convoy of the war embarks from [[Halifax Harbour]], [[Nova Scotia]], under [[Royal Canadian Navy]] protection.
** [[Port Chicago disaster]]: The SS ''E. A. Bryan'', loaded with ammunition, explodes at the [[Port Chicago, California]], Naval Magazine, killing 320 sailors and civilian personnel.
* [[July 18]] &ndash; WWII:
** American forces push back the Germans in [[Saint-Lô]], capturing the city.
** British forces launch [[Operation Goodwood]], an armoured offensive aimed at driving the Germans from the high ground to the south of [[Caen]]. The offensive ends 2 days later with minimal gains.
** [[Hideki Tōjō]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Japan]] due to numerous setbacks in the war effort and is succeeded on [[July 22]] by [[Kuniaki Koiso]].
* [[July 20]]
** WWII: [[Adolf Hitler]] survives the [[20 July plot]] to assassinate him led by [[Claus von Stauffenberg]]; he and his fellow conspirators in this and [[Operation Valkyrie]] are executed the following day.
** The annular [[solar eclipse of July 20, 1944]] is visible in Africa, Indian Ocean, Asia, Pacific Ocean and Australia, and is the 35th solar eclipse of [[Solar Saros 135]].
* [[July 21]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Battle of Guam (1944)|Battle of Guam]]: American troops land on [[Guam]] (the battle ends [[August 10]]).
** The Soviet-sponsored [[Polish Committee of National Liberation]] is created, in opposition to the [[Polish government-in-exile]].
* [[July 22]]
**The [[Bretton Woods Conference]] ends with agreements signed to set up the [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]], [[General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade]] and [[International Monetary Fund]].
**The new Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes the [[PKWN Manifesto]] in [[Chełm]], calling for a continuation of fighting against Nazi Germany, radical reforms including nationalisation of industry, and a "decent border in the West" (the [[Oder–Neisse line]]).
**''United States v. Masaaki Kuwabara'',<ref>56 F. Supp. 716 (N.D. Cal 1944).</ref> the only [[Japanese American]] draft avoidance case to be dismissed on a due process violation of the U.S. Constitution.
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Majdanek concentration camp]] is liberated by the Soviet [[Red Army]] and much incriminating evidence of the atrocities committed there is found.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php?battle_id=136|title=Discovery of Concentration Camps and the Holocaust|work=World War II Database}}</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; WWII:
**[[Operation Spring]]: One of the bloodiest days for Canadian forces during the war results in 1,550 casualties, including 450 killed, during the [[Operation Overlord|Normandy Campaign]].
**[[Operation Cobra]]: American forces launch an air and ground offensive against the German defenders in western Normandy, forcing them to retreat.
**[[Battle of Tannenberg Line]] (or "Battle of the Blue Hills") in northeastern [[Estonia]] begins: The [[Red Army]] will gain a Pyrrhic victory by August 10.
* [[July 26]] &ndash; WWII: A [[Messerschmitt Me 262]] becomes the first [[Jet aircraft|jet]] [[fighter aircraft]] to have an operational victory.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Radinger|first1=Will|first2=Walter|last2=Schick|title=Me 262|language=de|location=Berlin|publisher=Avantic Verlag GmbH|year=1996|isbn=978-3-925505-21-8}}</ref>
* [[July 27]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet forces liberated [[Lvov]], [[Ivano-Frankivsk|Stanislav]] and [[Białystok]], and the following day entered [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]].
* [[July 30]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Bluecoat]]: British forces launch a ground offensive to secure the road junction of [[Vire]] and the high ground of [[Mont Pinçon]].
* [[July 31]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Parche|SS-384|6}} torpedoes Japanese troop transport ''[[Yoshino Maru]]''; 2,495 drown.<ref name="senbotsukisen"/>

===August===
{{Main article|August 1944}}
 {{multiple image
 | direction = vertical
 | width = 250
 | header= 
 | image1 = Polish Boy Scouts fighting in the Warsaw Uprising.jpg
 | caption1 = [[Szare Szeregi]] Scouts also fought in the [[Warsaw Uprising]].
 | image2 = Jewish prisones of KZGesiowka liberated by Polish Soldiers of Home Army Warsaw1944.jpg
 | caption2 = Jewish prisoners of [[Gęsiówka]] liberated by Polish soldiers from [[Batalion Zośka]], August 5, 1944.
 | image3 = Crowds of French patriots line the Champs Elysees-edit2.jpg
 | caption3 = Crowds of French people line the Champs Élysées following the [[Liberation of Paris]], August 26, 1944.}}
* [[August 1]]
** WWII: The [[Warsaw Uprising]] begins.
** WWII: Soviet forces liberated [[Kaunas]].
* [[August 2]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Single-party period of the Republic of Turkey#World War II|Turkey]] ends diplomatic and economic relations with Germany.
** The First Assembly of [[ASNOM]] (the Anti-Fascist Assembly for the People's Liberation of [[Independent Macedonia (1944)|Macedonia]]) is held in the [[Prohor Pčinjski Monastery|Prohor Pčinjski monastery]].
* [[August 3]] &ndash; The [[Education Act 1944|Education Act]] in the United Kingdom, promoted by [[Rab Butler]], creates a [[Tripartite System|Tripartite system]] of education in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_qyia33-PwC&q=The%20Education%20Act%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom%2C%20promoted%20by%20Rab%20Butler%2C%20creates%20a%20Tripartite%20system%20of%20education%20in%20England%2C%20Wales%20and%20Northern%20Ireland&pg=PA221|title=Ulster Since 1600: Politics, Economy, and Society|last=Kennedy|first=Liam|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=9780199583119|pages=221}}</ref>
* [[August 4]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[The Holocaust]]: A tip from a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] informer leads the [[Gestapo]] to a sealed-off area in an [[Amsterdam]] warehouse, where they find Jewish diarist [[Anne Frank]], her family, and others in hiding. All will die in captivity, except for [[Otto Frank]], Anne's father.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/01/opinion/prose-anne-frank-final-diary-entry|title=Anne Frank's final entry|first=Francine|last=Prose|author-link=Francine Prose|date=2014-08-01|publisher=CNN|quote=On Friday, August 4, 1944... a car pulled up in front of a spice warehouse at [[Anne Frank House|263 Prinsengracht]] in Amsterdam. Inside the car were an Austrian Gestapo officer and his Dutch subordinates, who, acting on a tip-off (whose source has never been identified), had come to arrest the eight Jews who had been hiding for two years in an attic above the warehouse. The eight prisoners were taken to a deportation camp, from where they were sent to [[Auschwitz]]. Only one of them, Otto Frank, would survive.|access-date=2014-08-01}}</ref>
** The [[Parliament of Finland|Finnish Parliament]], by [[derogation]], elects Marshal [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim|C. G. E. Mannerheim]] as [[President of Finland]] to replace [[Risto Ryti]], who has resigned.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apu.fi/artikkelit/suomen-presidentit-sarja-mannerheim-oli-vaaran-ajan-paamies|title=Suomen presidentit -sarja: Mannerheim oli väärän ajan päämies|work=Artikkelit|date=December 6, 2017|publisher=Apu–lehti|access-date=August 3, 2021|language=fi}}</ref>
* [[August 5]] &ndash; WWII:
** The [[Warsaw Uprising]]:
*** The [[Wola massacre]] begins. Between now and August 12, 40,000 to 50,000 Polish civilians will be indiscriminately massacred by occupying SS troops.
*** [[The Holocaust]]: Polish insurgents liberate a German [[labor camp]] in [[Warsaw]], freeing 348 Jewish prisoners.
** [[Cowra breakout]]: Over 500 Japanese prisoners of war attempt a mass breakout from the [[Cowra]] camp in Australia. In the ensuing manhunt, 231 Japanese escapees and four Australian soldiers are killed.
* [[August 7]] &ndash; [[IBM]] dedicates the first program-controlled [[calculator]], the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (known best as the [[Harvard Mark I]]).
* [[August 9]] &ndash; The [[United States Forest Service]] and the [[Wartime Advertising Council]] release the first posters featuring [[Smokey Bear]].
* [[August 12]] &ndash; WWII:
** The Allies capture [[History of Florence#20th century|Florence]], Italy.
** [[Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre]]: The ''[[Waffen-SS]]'' and [[Black Brigades]] paramilitaries murder about 560 civilians and refugees (including more than 100 children) in the Italian village of [[Sant'Anna di Stazzema]], burn their bodies, and leave their houses semi-derelict.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Claudia|last1=Buratti|first2=Giovanni|last2=Cipollini|title=Vite bruciate: La strage di Sant'Anna di Stazzema 1944–2005|location=Rome|year=2006}}</ref>
** In the [[Kara Sea]], a German submarine [[German submarine U-365|U-365]] torpedoes the passenger-cargo ship Marina Raskova. 618 people died.
** [[Operation Pluto]]: The world's first undersea [[oil pipeline]] is laid between England and France.
* [[August 15]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Dragoon]] lands Allies in southern France. The [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. 45th Infantry Division]] participates in its fourth assault landing at [[Sainte-Maxime]], spearheading the drive for the [[Belfort Gap]].
* [[August 18]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Rasher|SS-269|6}} sinks ''Teia Maru'', ''Eishin Maru'', ''Teiyu Maru'', and [[aircraft carrier]] {{Ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Taiyō||2}} from Japanese convoy HI71, in one of the most effective American "[[Wolfpack (naval tactic)|wolfpack]]" attacks of the war.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cressman|first=Robert J.|title=The Official Chronology of the U.S. Navy in WWII|url=https://archive.org/details/TheOfficialChronologyOfTheUSNavyInWorldWarII/page/248|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2000|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-55750-149-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/TheOfficialChronologyOfTheUSNavyInWorldWarII/page/248 248]}}</ref>
* [[August 19]] &ndash; WWII:
** American submarine {{USS|Spadefish|SS-411|6}} torpedoes Japanese landing craft depot ship {{ship||Tamatsu Maru}}; more than 4,400 Japanese servicemen drown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/hi71.pdf|title=Convoy Hi-71 (ヒ71船団)|publisher=All Japan Seamen's Union|access-date=2011-11-17}}</ref>
** [[Liberation of Paris]] starts with resistance forces staging an insurrection against the German occupiers.
* [[August 20]] &ndash; WWII:
** American forces successfully defeat Nazi forces at [[Chambois, Orne|Chambois]], closing the [[Falaise Pocket]].
** 168 captured Allied airmen, including [[Phil Lamason]], accused of being "terror fliers" by the [[Gestapo]], arrive at [[Buchenwald concentration camp]], where they form the [[KLB Club]].
* [[August 21]]
** The [[Dumbarton Oaks Conference]] (Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization) opens in Washington, D.C.: U.S., British, Chinese, French and Soviet representatives meet to plan the foundation of the [[United Nations]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/>
** WWII: [[Operation Tractable]] concludes, when Canadian troops relieve the Polish and link with the Americans, capturing remaining German forces in the [[Falaise Pocket]], and securing the strategically important French town of [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]], in the final offensive of the [[Battle of Normandy]].
* [[August 22]] &ndash; WWII:
** {{ship||Tsushima Maru}}, an unmarked Japanese passenger/cargo ship, is sunk by [[torpedo]]es launched by the [[submarine]] {{USS|Bowfin|SS-287|6}} off [[Akuseki-jima]], killing 1,484 civilians, including 767 schoolchildren.
** [[Holocaust of Kedros]]: German ''[[Wehrmacht]]'' infantry begin an intimidatory razing operation, killing 164, against the civilian residents of nine villages in the [[Amari Valley]] on the occupied Greek island of [[Crete]].
* [[August 23]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[King Michael's Coup]]: [[Ion Antonescu]], Conducator of [[Romania]], and [[Mihai Antonescu]], [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)|Foreign Minister of Romania]], are arrested and a new military government established. Romania leaves the war against the [[Soviet Union]], joining the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]]. General Constantin Sanatescu is the "armed force" of the coup d'état and will be appointed by [[King Michael of Romania]] as prime minister of Romania on September 1.
** [[Padule di Fucecchio massacre]]: At least 174 Italian civilians are killed by members of the [[23rd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)]] as a reprisal for the wounding of two soldiers.
* [[August 24]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Liberation of Paris]]: Forces of [[Free France]] are the first of the Allies to enter Paris.
** As part of the [[Second Jassy–Kishinev offensive]], the Soviet 3rd Ukrainian Front liberated the city of [[Chișinău]]. 
** At [[Buchères]] in France, men of the 51st [[Schutzstaffel|SS]]-Brigade massacre 68 civilians (half of them women) aged from 6 months to above seventy years.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bruge|first=Roger|year=1994|title=1944 – Le temps des Massacres: Les crimes de la Gestapo et de la 51e Brigade SS|publisher=Albin Michel|isbn=2-226-06966-6}}</ref>
** Japanese vessels attack and sink the submarine {{USS|Harder|SS-257|6}} off [[Luzon]].
* [[August 25]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Liberation of Paris#German surrender (25 August)|German surrender of Paris]]:The Allies enter Paris in force and General [[Dietrich von Choltitz]] surrenders the city to them, in defiance of Hitler's orders to destroy it. This successfully completes [[Operation Overlord]].
** [[Maillé massacre]]: 129 civilians (70% women and children) are massacred by the Gestapo at [[Maillé, Indre-et-Loire]].
** Hungary decides to [[Hungary in World War II|continue the war]] together with Germany.
** The [[Red Ball Express]] convoy system begins operation, supplying tons of materiel to Allied forces in France.
* [[August 29]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Slovak Republic (1939–45)|Slovak]] National Uprising against the Axis powers begins.
* [[August 31]] &ndash; 
** WWII: The Romanian capital [[History of Bucharest#1940s|Bucharest is captured by the Red Army]].
** The [[Mad Gasser of Mattoon]] apparently resumes his mysterious attacks in [[Mattoon, Illinois]] for two weeks.

===September===
{{Main article|September 1944}}
[[File:Waves of paratroops land in Holland.jpg|thumb|Waves of paratroopers land in the Netherlands during [[Operation Market Garden]] in September 1944.]]
* [[September]] &ndash; The [[Dutch famine of 1944|Dutch famine]] ("Hongerwinter") begins, in the occupied northern part of the Netherlands.<ref>{{cite book|first=Henri A.|last=Van der Zee|title=The Hunger Winter: Occupied Holland 1944–5|location=London|publisher=Norman & Hobhouse|year=1982|isbn=978-0-906908-71-6}}</ref>
* [[September 2]]
** WWII: In [[Bulgaria]], the [[Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov|Bagryanov]] government resigns. [[Konstantin Muraviev]] becomes new prime minister.
** [[The Holocaust]]: Diarist [[Anne Frank]] and her family are placed on the last transport train from Westerbork to [[Auschwitz concentration camp]], arriving 3 days later.
** ''[[¡Hola!]]'' magazine is launched in [[Barcelona]].
** The last execution of a Finn in [[Finland]] will take place when soldier [[Olavi Laiho]] is executed by shooting in [[Oulu]].<ref>Penkkala-Arikka, Päivi (2006) ''Erään Mauno Olavin tarina. Olavi Laiho, viimeinen teloitettu suomalainen'' ["A Story of one Mauno Olavi. Olavi Laiho, the last executed Finn."]. (Master's thesis) University of Helsinki</ref>
* [[September 3]] &ndash; WWII: The Allies liberate [[Brussels]].
* [[September 4]] &ndash; WWII:
** The British [[11th Armoured Division (United Kingdom)|11th Armoured Division]] liberates the city of [[Antwerp]], Belgium.
** Finland breaks off relations with Germany.
* [[September 5]]
** WWII: The Soviet Union declares war on [[Bulgaria]].
** [[Belgium]], [[Netherlands]] and [[Luxembourg]] constitute [[Benelux]].
* [[September 6]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Tartu Offensive]] in [[Estonia]] concludes, with Soviet forces capturing [[Tartu]].
* [[September 7]] &ndash; WWII:
** The Belgian [[government in exile]] returns to Brussels from London.
** Members of [[Vichy France]]'s collaborationist government are relocated to Germany where an enclave is established for them in [[Sigmaringen Castle]].
** [[Shin'yō Maru incident|''Shin'yō Maru'' incident]]: Japanese cargo ship {{SS|Shinyō Maru}} is torpedoed and sunk in the [[Sulu Sea]] by American submarine [[USS Paddle (SS-263)|USS ''Paddle'']] while carrying 750 American prisoners of war; 688 perish.
* [[September 8]] &ndash; WWII:
** The first [[V-2 rocket]] attack on London takes place, launched from [[The Hague]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/>
** Soviet forces begin the one and a half month-long [[Battle of the Dukla Pass]].
** The French town of [[Menton]] is liberated from German forces.
** Bulgaria declares war on [[Germany]].
* [[September 9]] &ndash; WWII: The Bulgarian government is [[1944 Bulgarian coup d'état|overthrown]] by the [[Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)|Fatherland Front]] coalition, which establishes a pro-Soviet government.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; WWII: Liberation of [[Luxembourg]].
* [[September 11]] &ndash; WWII:
** The [[Laksevåg]] [[floating dry dock]] at [[Bergen]] (Norway) is sunk by British [[X-class submarine]] ''X-24''.
** An approaching formation of 36 US [[bomber]]s is engaged by a German fighter squadron (''[[Jagdgeschwader]]'') in the [[Battle over the Ore Mountains]]. After the first German attack on the bombers, US ''[[North American P-51|Mustangs]]'' attack the German squadron in aerial dogfights.
* [[September 12]] &ndash; WWII: Allied forces from [[Operation Overlord]] (in northern France) and [[Operation Dragoon]] (in the south) link up near [[Dijon]].
* [[September 13]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Battle of Meligalas]] begins, between the [[Greek Resistance]] forces of the [[Greek People's Liberation Army]] (ELAS) and the [[Hellenic State (1941–1944)|collaborationist]] [[Security Battalions]].
* [[September 14]]
** WWII: The [[Baltic offensive]] of Soviet troops begins.
** [[1944 Great Atlantic hurricane|The Great Atlantic hurricane]] makes landfall in the New York City area.
* [[September 15]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Battle of Peleliu]] begins in the Pacific.
* [[September 17]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Market Garden]]: Allied airborne landings begin in the Netherlands and Germany.
* [[September 17]]&ndash;[[September 20|20]] &ndash; WWII: [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]] &ndash; In the [[Battle of San Marino]], British and Empire forces take the occupied neutral republic of [[San Marino]] from the German Army.
* [[September 18]] &ndash; WWII:
** British submarine {{HMS|Tradewind|P329|6}} torpedoes Japanese "[[hell ship]]" {{ship||Jun'yō Maru}}; 5,620 drown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~vanderkp/junyopg8.html|last=van der Kuil|first=Peter|title=List of Casualties|work=The Sinking of the Junyo Maru|date=March 2003|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312064714/http://www.members.iinet.net.au/~vanderkp/junyopg8.html|archive-date=2012-03-12}}</ref>
** After German forces declare the evacuation of [[Estonia]] the day before, the Estonian national government [[Estonia in World War II#Attempt to restore independence|briefly resumes control]] of [[Tallinn]] before the Soviet advance.
* [[September 19]] &ndash; WWII:
** The [[Moscow Armistice]] between Finland and the Soviet Union is signed, ending the [[Continuation War]].
** The [[Battle of Hürtgen Forest]] begins, east of the Belgian–German border.
* [[September 22]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Red Army]] captures [[Tallinn]], [[Estonia]]. Prime Minister in Duties of the [[President of Estonia]] [[Jüri Uluots]] and 80,000 Estonian civilians manage to escape to Sweden and Germany. The evacuees include almost the entire population of [[Estonian Swedes]]. Soviet bombing raids on the evacuating ships sink several, with thousands on board.
* [[September 24]] &ndash; WWII: The [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. 45th Infantry Division]] takes the strongly defended city of [[Épinal]] in France before crossing the [[Moselle]] River and entering the western foothills of the [[Vosges]].
* [[September 26]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Operation Market Garden]] ends in an Allied withdrawal.
** On the [[Gothic Line#Central Front (5th Army)|middle front]] of the [[Gothic Line#Battle|Gothic Line]], Brazilian troops control the Serchio valley region after 10 days of fighting.

===October===
{{Main article|October 1944}}
[[File:Henry Larsen on St Roch.jpg|thumb|[[Henry Larsen (explorer)|Henry Larsen]] becomes the first person successfully to navigate the [[Northwest Passage]] in both directions, July–October 1944.]]
[[File:7th Cavalry Leyte Island 20 10 1944.jpeg|thumb|American troops advance towards San Jose on Leyte Island, October 20, 1944.]]
[[File:USS Princeton (CVL-23) 1944 10 24 1.jpg|thumb|[[Light aircraft carrier]] {{USS|Princeton|CVL-23|6}} afire, east of [[Luzon]], October 24, 1944.]]
[[File:Volkssturm armband.svg|thumb|[[Volkssturm]] founded in October 1944.]]
[[File:Douglas MacArthur lands Leyte1.jpg|thumb|[[Battle of Leyte]] begins – [[Douglas MacArthur|General MacArthur]] returns to the Philippines, October 20, 1944.]]
[[File:USS Princeton (CVL-23) burning on 24 October 1944 (80-G-287970).jpg|thumb|[[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] between [[United States]] and [[Japan]], October 23, 1944.]]
* [[October 2]] &ndash; WWII: [[Nazism|Nazi]] troops end the [[Warsaw Uprising]]. [[Home Army]] commander [[Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski]] signed the act of capitulation. This is followed by the [[Destruction of Warsaw]].
* [[October 4]] &ndash; WWII: [[Milan Nedić]]'s [[Collaborationism|collaborationist]] [[puppet government]] of the [[Axis powers]], the [[Government of National Salvation]] in [[Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia|Nazi-occupied Serbia]], is disbanded.
* [[October 5]] &ndash; WWII: [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] pilots<!--what squadron?--> from 401 Squadron shoot down the first German [[Messerschmitt Me 262|Me 262]] over the Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |last=International |first=Radio Canada |date=2018-10-05 |title=History Canada: Oct. 5, 1944 – RCAF downs the first German jet |url=https://www.rcinet.ca/en/2018/10/05/history-canada-oct-5-1944-rcaf-downs-the-first-german-jet/ |access-date=2025-04-06 |website=RCI {{!}} English |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[October 6]]
** WWII: The [[Battle of Debrecen]] starts on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]], lasting until [[October 29]].
** [[Milan Nedić]], president of the [[Serbia]]n [[Collaborationism|collaborationist]] [[puppet state]] of the [[Axis powers]], the [[Government of National Salvation]], flees from [[Belgrade]] in [[Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia|Nazi-occupied Serbia]] by air together with other Serbian collaborators and German officials, via Hungary to Austria.
** The [[Dumbarton Oaks Conference]] concludes.
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: Members of the [[Sonderkommando]] – a special detachment of Jewish prisoners who are forced to empty the gas chambers after a mass gassing and undertake the burning of the bodies – organises the only armed revolt that ever takes place in [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]. They succeed in destroying the gas chambers and Crematorium IV. The Waffen-SS murders more than 450 prisoners who take part in the revolt.
* [[October 8]] &ndash; ''[[The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet]]'' radio show debuts in the United States.
* [[October 9]] &ndash; WWII: Fourth [[Moscow Conference (1944)|Moscow Conference]]: British Prime Minister [[Winston Churchill]] and [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] Premier [[Joseph Stalin]] begin a 9-day conference in Moscow, to discuss the future of Europe.
* [[October 10]]
** [[The Holocaust]]/[[Porajmos]]: 800 [[Romani people|Romani]] children are systematically murdered at the [[Auschwitz concentration camp]].
** WWII: [[Formosa Air Battle#Background|10/10 Air Raid]]: Allied forces inflict significant losses upon [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] ships moored in [[Naha]] Harbor, destroying much of the city of Naha, [[Okinawa prefecture|Okinawa]] as well.<!--See [[:ja:https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E3%83%BB%E5%8D%81%E7%A9%BA%E8%A5%B2]]-->
** WWII: Soviet forces reach the [[Baltic Sea]] coast in [[Lithuania]], cutting off German [[Army Group North]] and creating the [[Courland Pocket]].
* [[October 11]] &ndash; The [[Tuvan People's Republic]] is annexed into the [[Soviet Union]].
* [[October 12]]
** WWII: The Germans leave [[Athens]], as the first Allied troops and Greek guerrillas enter the city [[File:Flag of Liberty of the Athenians.svg|thumb|right|'Athenian Liberty' flag raised, on the [[Acropolis of Athens]] on the liberation of the city on 12 October 1944]]
** Canadian [[Arctic]] explorer [[Henry Larsen (explorer)|Henry Larsen]] returns to Vancouver, becoming the first person successfully to navigate the [[Northwest Passage]] in both directions, in the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] schooner {{ship||St. Roch|ship|2}}. His westbound voyage is the first completed in a single season, and the first passage through the [[Prince of Wales Strait]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
* [[October 13]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Riga]], the capital of [[Latvia]], is taken by the [[Red Army]].
** The first [[V-2]] rocket attack on [[Antwerp]] takes place.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.v2rocket.com/start/chapters/antwerp.html|title=Antwerp, "City of Sudden Death"|work=V2Rocket.com|access-date=2013-04-24}}</ref>
* [[October 14]] &ndash; WWII: German [[Field Marshal]] [[Erwin Rommel]] commits [[forced suicide]] rather than face public disgrace and execution for allegedly conspiring against [[Adolf Hitler]].
* [[October 15]]&ndash;[[October 16|16]] &ndash; WWII: In Hungary, with the support of German troops, a coup d'état took place, the fascist government of [[Ferenc Szálasi]] came to power, ordering the troops to continue the fight against the Soviet army.
* [[October 16]] &ndash; WWII: American bombing of [[Salzburg]] destroys the dome of [[Salzburg Cathedral|the city's cathedral]] and most of a [[Mozart family]] home.
* [[October 18]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Volkssturm]] Nazi [[militia]] is founded, on [[Adolf Hitler]]'s orders.
* [[October 19]] &ndash; The [[Guatemalan Revolution]] begins with the overthrow of [[Federico Ponce Vaides]] by a popular leftist movement.
* [[October 20]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Belgrade Offensive]] ends when [[Belgrade]] is liberated by [[Yugoslav Partisans]], together with the [[Bulgarian Land Forces|Bulgarian Army]] and the [[Red Army]], and the remnants of Nedić's collaborationist Serbian puppet state, the [[Government of National Salvation]], are abolished.
** American and Filipino troops (with Filipino guerrillas) begin the [[Battle of Leyte]] in the [[Philippines]]. American forces land on Red Beach in [[Palo, Leyte]], as General [[Douglas MacArthur]] returns to the Philippines with Philippine Commonwealth president [[Sergio Osmeña]] and [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] Generals Basilio J. Valdes and [[Carlos P. Romulo]]. American forces land on the beaches in [[Dulag, Leyte]], accompanied by Filipino troops entering the town, and fiercely opposed by the Japanese occupation forces. The combined forces liberate [[Tacloban]].
** [[Operation Pheasant]] begins – an offensive in the Netherlands which supports the ongoing [[Battle of the Scheldt]].
* [[October 21]] &ndash; WWII: [[Aachen]], the first German city to fall, is captured by American troops.
* [[October 23]]&ndash;[[October 26|26]] &ndash; WWII: Naval [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] in the [[Philippines]] – In the [[largest naval battle in history]] by most criteria and the last naval battle in history between [[battleship]]s,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Decisive Battles of the Western World|volume=III|last=Fuller|first=John F. C.|author-link=J. F. C. Fuller|year=1956|publisher=Eyre & Spottiswoode|location=London}}</ref> combined United States and Australian naval forces decisively defeat the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. This is the first battle in which Japanese aircraft carry out organized ''[[kamikaze]]'' attacks.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Leyte, June 1944–January 1945|title=[[History of United States Naval Operations in World War II]]|volume=XII|last=Morison|first=Samuel E.|author-link=Samuel Eliot Morison|year=1956|publisher=Little & Brown|location=Boston}}</ref>
* [[October 24]]
** Battle of Leyte Gulf: The {{ship|Japanese battleship|Musashi}} is sunk by United States aircraft.
** The [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] recognise [[Charles de Gaulle]]'s cabinet as the provisional government of France.
* [[October 25]]
** WWII: The [[Red Army]] liberates [[Kirkenes]], the first town in Norway to be liberated.
** WWII: {{USS|Tang|SS-306|6}} is sunk in the [[Formosa Strait]] by one of her own torpedoes. [[Medal of Honor]]-winning submarine ace [[Richard O'Kane]] becomes a [[prisoner of war]].
** 76-year-old American amateur soprano [[Florence Foster Jenkins]] gives a sell-out public recital in [[Carnegie Hall]], New York. The audience and press are scathing: "she can sing everything except notes".<ref>[[The Sun (New York City)|''The Sun'' (New York City)]], 26 October.</ref> 5 days later she suffers a fatal heart attack, dying at home on November 26.
* [[October 27]] &ndash; WWII: German forces capture [[Banská Bystrica]], the center of anti-Nazi opposition in Slovakia, bringing the [[Slovak National Uprising]] to an end.
* [[October 30]]
** [[The Holocaust]]: [[Anne Frank]] and her sister [[Margot Frank|Margot]] are deported from [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] to the [[Bergen-Belsen concentration camp]].
** ''[[Appalachian Spring]]'', a ballet by [[Martha Graham]] with music by [[Aaron Copland]], debuts at the [[Library of Congress]] in Washington, D.C., with Graham in the lead role.
* [[October 31]] &ndash; Serial killer Dr [[Marcel Petiot]] is apprehended at a [[Paris Métro]] station after 7 months on the run.

===November===
{{Main article|November 1944}}
* [[November 1]]&ndash;[[December 7]] &ndash; Delegates of 52 nations meet at the International Civil Aviation Conference in Chicago, to plan for postwar international cooperation, framing the constitution of the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]].
* [[November 3]] &ndash; WWII: Two supreme commanders of the [[Slovak National Uprising]], Generals [[Ján Golian]] and [[Rudolf Viest]], are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces.
* [[November 7]]
** [[1944 United States presidential election]]: [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] wins reelection over [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] challenger [[Thomas E. Dewey]], becoming the only U.S. president elected to a fourth term.
** [[Rail transport in Puerto Rico#Tragedy on election day in 1944|Election day rail accident in Puerto Rico]]: A passenger train derails at [[Aguadilla]] due to excessive speed on a downgrade; 16 are killed, 50 injured.
* [[November 10]] &ndash; WWII: [[Ammunition ship]] {{USS|Mount Hood|AE-11|6}} disintegrates from the accidental detonation of 3,800 tons of cargo, in the [[Seeadler Harbor]] fleet anchorage at [[Manus Island]]. 22 small boats are destroyed, 36 nearby ships damaged, 432 men are killed and 371 more are injured.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Gile|first=Chester A.|title=The ''Mount Hood'' Explosion|journal=Proceedings|date=February 1963}}</ref>
* [[November 11]]
** Operational ships of the French Navy re-enter their base at [[Toulon]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2017}}
** The [[1942–44 musicians' strike]] ends in the United States when [[RCA Records|RCA Victor]] and [[Columbia Records]] capitulate to the union's demands.
* [[November 12]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Catechism]] &ndash; {{ship|German battleship|Tirpitz}} is sunk by British Royal Air Force [[Avro Lancaster|Lancaster bombers]] near [[Tromsø (city)|Tromsø]] in Norway.<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/> Estimated casualties range from 950 to 1,204.
* [[November 14]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine  {{USS|Queenfish|SS-393|6}} torpedoes [[Japanese aircraft carrier Akitsu Maru|Japanese aircraft carrier ''Akitsu Maru'']] in the East China Sea; 2,246 drown.<ref name=hi81>{{cite web|url=http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/hi81.pdf|title=Convoy Hi-81 (ヒ81船団)|publisher=All Japan Seamen's Union|access-date=2011-11-17}}</ref>
* [[November 16]]
** WWII: U.S. forces begin the month-long [[Operation Queen]] in the [[Rur (river)|Rur]] Valley.
** The [[Jussi Awards]], the Finnish film award ceremony, is held for the [[1st Jussi Awards|first time]] at Restaurant Adlon in [[Helsinki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://elokuvauutiset.fi/site/93-jussi-palkinnot/jussi-palkinnot/3326-jussi-palkinnot-vuonna-1944|title=Jussi-palkinnot vuonna 1944|website=Elokuvauutiset.fi|accessdate=October 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011230442/http://elokuvauutiset.fi/site/93-jussi-palkinnot/jussi-palkinnot/3326-jussi-palkinnot-vuonna-1944|archive-date=October 11, 2016|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[November 17]] &ndash; WWII: Partisan troops of the [[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Liberation Movement]] entered Tirana, the capital of Albania.
* [[November 18]]
** The [[Popular Socialist Youth]] is founded in [[Cuba]].
** WWII: American submarine {{USS|Picuda|SS-382|6}} torpedoes Japanese landing craft depot ship {{ship||Mayasan Maru}}; 3,546 drown.<ref name=hi81/>
* [[November 22]]
** [[Conscription Crisis of 1944|Conscription Crisis]]: [[Prime Minister of Canada]] [[William Lyon Mackenzie King|William Mackenzie King]] agrees a one-time [[conscription]] levy in Canada for overseas service.
** [[Laurence Olivier]]'s film ''[[Henry V (1944 film)|Henry V]]'', based on [[Henry V (play)|Shakespeare's play]], opens in London. It is the most acclaimed and the most successful movie version of a Shakespeare play made up to this time, and the first in [[Technicolor]]. Olivier both stars and directs.<ref>As does [[Kenneth Branagh]] reprising the role over forty years later in his successful [[Henry V (1989 film)|remake]].</ref>
* [[November 24]] &ndash; WWII: German forces [[Moonsund Landing Operation|evacuate from the West Estonian Archipelago]].
* [[November 27]]
** [[RAF Fauld explosion]]: Between 3,450 and 3,930 [[ton]]s (3,500 and 4,000 [[tonne]]s) of [[Ammunition#Ordnance ammunition|ordnance]] explodes at an underground storage depot in [[Staffordshire]], England, leaving about 75 dead and a [[explosion crater|crater]] {{convert|1,200|m|yd}} across and {{convert|120|m|ft}} deep. The blast is one of the [[List of the largest artificial non-nuclear explosions|largest non-nuclear explosions]] in history, and the largest on UK soil.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Reed|first=John|year=1977|title=Largest Wartime Explosions: 21 Maintenance Unit, RAF Fauld, Staffs. November 27, 1944|journal=[[After the Battle]]|volume=18|pages=35–40|issn=0306-154X}}</ref>
** [[Operation Tigerfish]]: [[Royal Air Force]] bombing of [[Freiburg im Breisgau]] kills 2,800.
* [[November 29]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Archerfish|SS-311|6}} sinks [[Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano|Japanese aircraft carrier ''Shinano'']], the largest carrier built to this date, and will remain through the twentieth century the largest ship sunk by a submarine.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cressman|first=Robert J.|title=The Official Chronology of the U.S. Navy in WWII|url=https://archive.org/details/TheOfficialChronologyOfTheUSNavyInWorldWarII/page/278|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2000|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-55750-149-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/TheOfficialChronologyOfTheUSNavyInWorldWarII/page/278 278]}}</ref>

===December===
{{Main article|December 1944}}
[[File:Bodies of U.S. officers and soldiers slain by the Nazis after capture near Malmedy, Belgium. - NARA - 196544.jpg|thumb|Victims of the [[Malmedy massacre]]]]
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Edward Stettinius, Jr.]] becomes the last [[United States Secretary of State]] of the [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] administration, filling the seat left by [[Cordell Hull]].
* [[December 3]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Dekemvriana|Fighting]] breaks out between [[KKE|Communists]] and royalists in newly liberated Greece, eventually leading to a full-scale [[Greek Civil War]].
** The [[Home Guard (United Kingdom)]] is stood down.
* [[December 7]]
** The [[Convention on International Civil Aviation]] is signed in Chicago, creating the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]].
** The [[Arab Women's Congress of 1944]] is hosted by the [[Egyptian Feminist Union]] in Cairo, leading to establishment of the [[Arab Feminist Union]].
** [[1944 Tōnankai earthquake|An earthquake along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture]] in Japan causes a tsunami which kills 1223 people.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Walker |first1=Brett L. |title=A Concise History of Japan |date=26 February 2015 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-00418-4 |page=292 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NGt2BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA292 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 10]] &ndash; Italian conductor [[Arturo Toscanini]] leads a concert performance of the first half of [[Beethoven]]'s ''[[Fidelio]]'' (minus its spoken dialogue) on [[NBC]] Radio, starring [[Rose Bampton]]. He chooses this opera for its political message: a statement against tyranny and dictatorship. Presenting it in German, Toscanini intends it as a tribute to the German people who are being oppressed by Hitler. The second half is broadcast a week later. The performance is later released on LP and CD, the first of 7 operas that Toscanini conducts on radio.
* [[December 12]]–[[December 13|13]] &ndash; WWII: British units attempt to take the Italian hilltop town of Tossignano, but are repulsed.
* [[December 13]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Mindoro]] &ndash; United States, Australian and Philippine Commonwealth troops land on [[Mindoro Island]] in the [[Philippines]].
* [[December 14]]
** The Soviet government changes Turkish place names to Russian in the [[Crimean Peninsula|Crimea]].
** The film ''[[National Velvet (film)|National Velvet]]'' is released in the United States, bringing a young [[Elizabeth Taylor]] to stardom.
* [[December 15]] &ndash; A USAAF utility aircraft carrying bandleader Major [[Glenn Miller]] disappears in heavy fog over the [[English Channel]], while flying to Paris.
* [[December 16]] &ndash; WWII:
** Germany begins the Ardennes offensive, later known as the [[Battle of the Bulge]].
** General [[George C. Marshall]] becomes the first [[General of the Army (United States)|U.S. Five-Star General]].
* [[December 17]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Malmedy massacre]]: German [[SS]] troops under [[Joachim Peiper]] machine gun American prisoners of war captured during the Battle of the Bulge near [[Malmedy]], and elsewhere in Belgium.
** [[Bombing of Ulm in World War II|Bombing of Ulm]]: 707 people are killed and 25,000 left homeless.
* [[December 18]] &ndash; General [[Douglas MacArthur]] becomes the second [[General of the Army (United States)|U.S. Five-Star General]].
* [[December 19]] &ndash; The daily newspaper ''[[Le Monde]]'' begins publication in Paris.
* [[December 20]]
** The United States [[Women Airforce Service Pilots]] are disbanded.
** General [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] is promoted to the rank of [[General of the Army (United States)|U.S. Five-Star General]].
* [[December 22]]
** WWII: Brigadier General [[Anthony C. McAuliffe]], commander of the U.S. forces defending [[Bastogne]], refuses to accept demands for surrender by sending a one-word reply, "Nuts!", to the German command.
** The [[Vietnam People's Army]] is formed in [[French Indochina]].
* [[December 24]]
** WWII: Troopship {{SS|Léopoldville|1929|6}} is sunk in the [[English Channel]] by {{GS|U-486}}. Approximately 763 soldiers of the [[66th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. 66th Infantry Division]], bound for the Battle of the Bulge, drown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uboat.net/history/leopoldville.htm|title=The Sinking of SS Leopoldville|publisher=uboat.net|access-date=2010-07-04}}</ref>
** WWII: German tanks reach the furthest point of the Bulge at [[Celles, Houyet|Celles]].
** WWII: Fifty German [[V-1 flying bomb]]s, air-launched from [[Heinkel He 111]] [[bomber]]s flying over the [[North Sea]], target [[Manchester]] in England, killing 42 and injuring more than 100 in the [[Oldham]] area.<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=392–394|isbn=978-0-7126-5616-0}}</ref>
** WWII: [[List of massacres in Belgium|Bande massacre]]: 34 men between the ages of 17 and 32 are executed by the [[Sicherheitsdienst]] near Bande, [[Belgium]], in retaliation for the killing of 3 German soldiers.
** The first complete U.S. production of Tchaikovsky's ballet ''[[The Nutcracker]]'' is presented in [[San Francisco]], choreographed by [[Willam Christensen]]. It will become an annual tradition there, and for the next ten years, the San Francisco Ballet will be the only company in the United States performing the complete work.
* December 24–26 &ndash; [[Agana race riot]] in [[Guam]] between white and black [[United States Marines]].
* [[December 26]]
** WWII: American troops repulse German forces at [[Bastogne]].
** The original stage version of ''[[The Glass Menagerie]]'' by [[Tennessee Williams]] premieres in [[Chicago]].
** [[Esztergom]], [[Hungary]], is captured by Soviet forces, beginning the [[Siege of Budapest]].
* [[December 30]]
** King [[George II of Greece]] declares a regency, leaving his throne vacant.
** ''[[Stage Door Cartoon]]'' is the first cartoon produced by [[Eddie Selzer]].
* [[December 31]] &ndash; WWII: [[Battle of Leyte]] &ndash; Tens of thousands of Imperial Japanese Army soldiers are killed in action, in a significant Filipino/Allied military victory.

===Date unknown===
* The [[1944 Summer Olympics]], scheduled for London (together with the [[1944 Winter Olympics|February Winter Olympics]] scheduled for [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] in Italy), are suspended due to WWII.
* National Committee for Education on Alcoholism, predecessor of the [[National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence]], is established in the United States by [[Marty Mann]].
* Last known evidence of the existence of the [[Asiatic lion]] in the wild in [[Khuzestan Province]], Persia.<ref>{{cite book|last=Guggisberg|first=Charles Albert Walter|title=Simba: the life of the lion|year=1961|publisher=Howard Timmins|location=Cape Town}}</ref>
* The [[BC Žalgiris]] professional basketball club is founded in [[Kaunas]], Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://basketball.eurobasket.com/team/Lithuania/BC_Zalgiris_Kaunas/183?Page=5|title=BC Zalgiris Kaunas basketball team|access-date=2019-04-24}}</ref>

==Births==
{{BDToC|births}}

===January===
[[File:Omar al-Bashir, 12th AU Summit, 090202-N-0506A-137.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Omar al-Bashir]]]]
[[File:Jimmy Page at the Echo music award 2013.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jimmy Page]]]]
<!--[[File:Joe Frazier 2010.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Joe Frazier]]]]-->
[[File:Carlos Villagr% 3Fn Eslava.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Carlos Villagrán]]]]
[[File:Keating Paul BANNER.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Paul Keating]]]]
<!--[[File:Rutger Hauer (2018).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Rutger Hauer]]]]-->
[[File:Angela Davis (15852241216) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Angela Davis]]]]
* [[January 1]]
** [[Omar al-Bashir]], 7th [[President of Sudan]]
** [[Mohammad Abdul Hamid]], [[President of Bangladesh]]
** [[Jumabek Ibraimov]], 5th Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (d. [[1999]])
** [[Zafarullah Khan Jamali]], Pakistani politician, 15th [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] (d. [[2020]])
** [[Robert Lee Minor]], American actor, stunt performer
* [[January 2]] 
** Prince [[Norodom Ranariddh]], Cambodian politician (d. [[2021]])
** [[Lowell M. Snow]], General authority of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)
** [[Willy Dobbe]], Dutch television presenter and announcer
* [[January 3]] 
** [[Chris von Saltza]], American swimmer
** [[Raewyn Connell]], Australian [[sociologist]] and professor
* [[January 4]]
** [[Frank Alesia]], American actor and television director (d. [[2011]])
** [[Charlie Manuel]], American baseball player and manager
** [[Angela Harris, Baroness Harris of Richmond]], British politician
* [[January 5]] – [[Carolyn McCarthy]], American nurse and politician
* [[January 6]]
** [[Bonnie Franklin]], American actress, singer, dancer and television director (d. [[2013]])
** [[Rolf M. Zinkernagel]], Swiss immunologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Mike Hebert]], American volleyball coach (d. [[2019]])
* [[January 8]] 
** [[Terry Brooks]], American fantasy fiction writer
** [[Joan Lefkow]], [[Senior status|senior]] [[United States federal judge|United States district judge]] of the [[United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois]]
* [[January 9]]
** [[Harun Farocki]], German filmmaker, author and lecturer (d. [[2014]])
** [[Ian Hornak]], American painter, draughtsman and sculptor (d. [[2002]])
** [[Jimmy Page]], English rock guitarist ([[Led Zeppelin]])
* [[January 10]]
** [[Rory Byrne]], South African engineer and car designer
** [[William Sanderson]], American actor
** [[Frank Sinatra Jr.]], American singer-songwriter and actor (d. [[2016]])<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=Eli |title=Frank Sinatra Jr., singer who followed in his father's footsteps, dies at 72 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/17/arts/music/frank-sinatra-jr-singer-who-followed-in-his-fathers-footsteps-dies-at-72.html |access-date=17 October 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=17 March 2016 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
* [[January 11]] – [[Jim McAndrew]], American baseball player (d. [[2024]])
* [[January 12]]
** [[Joe Frazier]], African-American boxer (d. [[2011]])
** [[Vlastimil Hort]], Czechoslovak-born German chess Grandmaster
** [[Carlos Villagrán]], Mexican actor and comedian
** [[Klaus Wedemeier]], German politician
* [[January 13]] – [[Chris von Saltza]], American swimmer
* [[January 17]]
** [[Jan Guillou]], Swedish author
** [[Françoise Hardy]], French singer (d. [[2024]])
* [[January 18]]
** [[Paul Keating]], 24th [[Prime Minister of Australia]]
** [[Alexander Van der Bellen]], [[President of Austria]]
* [[January 19]]  
** [[Shelley Fabares]], American actress, singer
** [[Dan Reeves]], American football player and coach (d. [[2022]])
* [[January 20]] 
** [[Isao Okano]], Japanese judoka
** [[Chuck Domanico]], American [[jazz]] bassist (d. [[2002]])
* [[January 23]]
** [[Sergei Belov]], Soviet basketball player (d. [[2013]])
** [[Rutger Hauer]], Dutch actor, writer and environmentalist (d. [[2019]])
* [[January 24]]
** [[David Gerrold]], American screenwriter and novelist
** [[Klaus Nomi]], German singer (d. [[1983]])
* [[January 25]]
** [[Sally Beauman]], English journalist and novelist (d. [[2016]])
** [[Evan Chandler]], American screenwriter and dentist (suicide [[2009]])
* [[January 26]]
** [[Angela Davis]], African-American political activist, academic and author<ref>{{cite web |title=Angela Davis |url=https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/profiles/angela-davis |website=Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers |access-date=27 July 2021 |language=en |date=25 March 2020}}</ref>
** [[Jerry Sandusky]], American child molester, [[Penn State Nittany Lions football|Penn State football]] coach
* [[January 27]]
** [[Peter Akinola]], Nigerian religious leader
** [[Mairead Maguire]], Northern Irish peace activist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]
** [[Nick Mason]], English rock drummer ([[Pink Floyd]])
** [[Sam Smith (basketball, born 1944)|Sam Smith]], American basketball player (d. [[2022]])
* [[January 28]]
** [[Susan Howard]], American actress
** [[Rosalía Mera]], Spanish fashion retailer ([[Zara (retailer)|Zara]]) (d. [[2013]])
** [[John Tavener]], English composer (d. [[2013]])
* [[January 29]] – [[Susana Giménez]], Argentinian television presenter

===February===
[[File:Stockard Channing 1984 crop.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Stockard Channing]]]]
[[File:Djokhar Doudaïev (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Dzhokhar Dudayev]]]]
[[File:Jerry Springer Musto Party 2011 Shankbone 10.JPG|100px|thumb|[[Jerry Springer]]]]
<!--[[File:Jonathan Demme (May 2015) (cropped2).JPG|100px|thumb|[[Jonathan Demme]]]]-->
* [[February 1]]
** [[Paul Blair (baseball)|Paul Blair]], American baseball player (d. [[2013]])
** [[Mike Enzi]], American politician (d. [[2021]])

* [[February 2]]
** [[Andrew Davis (conductor)|Andrew Davis]], English conductor (d. [[2024]])
** [[Geoffrey Hughes (actor)|Geoffrey Hughes]], English actor (d. [[2012]])
** [[Oqil Oqilov]], Tajikistani politician, 7th [[Prime Minister of Tajikistan]]
* [[February 3]] – [[Wayne Comer]], American baseball player (d. [[2023]])
* [[February 4]]
** [[Punch Gunalan]], Malaysian badminton star (d. [[2012]])
** [[Maruja Carrasco]], Spanish botanist and academic (d. [[2018]])
* [[February 5]]
** [[Al Kooper]], American rock musician ([[Blood, Sweat & Tears]])
** [[Thekla Carola Wied]], German actress
* [[February 8]]
** [[Bunky Henry]], American professional golfer (d. [[2018]])
** [[Roger Lloyd-Pack]], English actor (d. [[2014]])
** [[Tony Minson]], British virologist and academic
* [[February 9]] – [[Alice Walker]], African-American novelist, writer, poet and activist
* [[February 10]]
** [[Peter Allen (musician)|Peter Allen]], Australian-born [[Academy Award]]-winning composer and lyricist (d. [[1992]])
** [[Jean-Daniel Cadinot]], French photographer, director and producer (d. [[2008]])
** [[Clifford T. Ward]], English singer-songwriter (d. [[2001]])
* [[February 11]] – [[Michael G. Oxley]], American politician (d. [[2016]])
* [[February 12]]
** [[Moe Bandy]], American country music singer
** [[Claudia Mori]], Italian producer, actress and singer
* [[February 13]]
** [[Stockard Channing]], American actress
** [[Michael Ensign]], American actor
** [[Jerry Springer]], English-born American politician and television personality (d. [[2023]])
** [[Sal Bando]], American baseball player and manager (d. [[2023]])
** [[Sheldon Silver]], American politician, attorney and convicted felon (d. [[2022]])
* [[February 14]]
** [[Carl Bernstein]], American journalist
** [[Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis]], Haitian physician and politician<ref>{{cite book |last1=Truhart |first1=Peter |title=International Directory of Foreign Ministers, 1589-1989 |date=1996 |publisher=[[K. G. Saur Verlag]] |isbn=978-3-598-11276-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5g4WAQAAIAAJ&q=%22denise+fabien-jean-louis%22 |language=en |volume=2 |page=72}}</ref>
** Sir [[Alan Parker]], English film director, producer, actor and writer (d. [[2020]])
** [[Hong Shin-seon]], Korean poet
* [[February 15]]
** [[Mick Avory]], English rock drummer (''[[The Kinks]]'')
** [[Dzhokhar Dudayev]], Chechen leader, first President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (d. [[1996]])
** [[Rommy Hunt Revson]], singer and inventor (d. [[2022]])
** [[Aleksandr Serebrov]], Soviet cosmonaut (d. [[2013]])
** [[Nusli Wadia]], Indian billionaire businessman and the chairman of the [[Wadia Group]]
* [[February 16]]
** [[Richard Ford]], American fiction writer
** [[António Mascarenhas Monteiro]], [[President of Cape Verde]] (d. [[2016]])
** [[Quraish Shihab]], Indonesian Muslim scholar
* [[February 17]]
** [[Karl Jenkins]], Welsh composer<ref>{{cite book|author=John Chilton|title=Who's Who of British Jazz: 2nd Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DGuvAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA193|date=1 May 2004|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-0-8264-2389-4|pages=193}}</ref>
** [[Bernie Grant]], British Labour Party MP (d. [[2000]])
* [[February 19]] – [[Donald F. Glut]], American writer, film director and screenwriter
* [[February 20]]
** [[Abdul Hamid Zainal Abidin]], Malaysian politician and diplomat (d. [[2014]])
** [[Willem van Hanegem]], Dutch footballer and coach
* [[February 22]]
** [[Jonathan Demme]], American film director, producer and writer (d. [[2017]])
** [[Tom Okker]], Dutch tennis player
** [[Christopher Meyer]], British diplomat (d. [[2022 in France]])
** [[Robert Kardashian]], American attorney and businessman (d. [[2003]])
** [[Tucker Smallwood]], American actor, author, and vocalist
* [[February 23]] 
** [[Johnny Winter]], American rock musician (d. [[2014]])
** [[Bernard Cornwell]], British-American historical novelist
* [[February 24]]
** [[Ivica Račan]], Croatian politician (d. [[2007]])
** [[David J. Wineland]], American Nobel-laureate physicist
** [[Nicky Hopkins]], English rock keyboardist (d. [[1994 in the United States]])
* [[February 25]] – [[François Cevert]], French racing driver (d. [[1973]])
* [[February 27]]
** [[Ken Grimwood]], American fantasy fiction writer (d. [[2003]])
** [[Roger Scruton]], English philosopher and writer (d. [[2020]])
* [[February 28]]
** [[Fanny Cano]], Mexican actress and producer (d. [[1983]])
** [[Sepp Maier]], German footballer
** [[Kelly Bishop]], American actress and dancer
* [[February 29]] 
** [[Dennis Farina]], American actor (d. [[2013]])
** [[Phyllis Frelich]], American deaf actress (d. [[2014]])

===March===
[[File:Roger Daltrey - May 2016.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Roger Daltrey]]]]
[[File:Uschi Glas (Berlinale 2012) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Uschi Glas]]]]
<!--[[File:Ric-Ocasek (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ric Ocasek]]]]-->
[[File:RLeeErmeyCrop.jpeg|thumb|100px|[[R. Lee Ermey]]]]
[[File:DRossLongleat010722 (9 of 43) (52189231585) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Diana Ross]]]]
[[File:Nana Akufo Addo, Jan. 2020.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Nana Akufo-Addo]]]]
* [[March 1]]
** [[John Breaux]], American politician
** [[Roger Daltrey]], English singer-songwriter ([[The Who]]), actor
* [[March 2]]
** [[Uschi Glas]], German actress
** [[Leif Segerstam]], Finnish conductor and composer (d. [[2024]])
* [[March 3]] 
** [[Odessa Cleveland]], American actress (''[[M*A*S*H (TV series)|M*A*S*H]]'')
** [[Chen Chieh-ju (born 1944)|Chen Chieh-ju]], Taiwanese [[disability rights]] activist and politician
* [[March 4]]
** [[Harvey Postlethwaite]], English engineer and race car designer (d. [[1999]])
** [[Bobby Womack]], African-American singer and songwriter (d. [[2014]])
* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Peter Brandes]], Danish artist
* [[March 6]]
** Dame [[Kiri Te Kanawa]], New Zealand soprano
** [[Mary Wilson (singer)|Mary Wilson]], African-American singer ([[The Supremes]]) (d. [[2021]])
* [[March 7]]
** [[Michael Rosbash]], American geneticist and chronobiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
** [[Townes Van Zandt]], American country singer (d. [[1997]])
** [[Ranulph Fiennes]], English adventurer
* [[March 8]] 
** [[Buzz Hargrove]], Canadian labour leader
** [[Carole Bayer Sager]], American lyricist, singer, songwriter, and painter
* [[March 11]]
** [[Graham Lyle]], Grammy-winning Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist, known for writing several international hits for [[Tina Turner]]
** [[Don Maclean]], English comedian and broadcaster
** [[Richard McGeagh]], American Olympic swimmer and water polo player (d. [[2021]])
* [[March 15]]
** [[Emmerich Danzer]], Austrian figure skater
** [[Ralph MacDonald]], American percussionist, songwriter (d. [[2011]])
* [[March 17]]
** [[Pattie Boyd]], English model and first wife of [[George Harrison]] and [[Eric Clapton]]
** [[John Sebastian]], American singer-songwriter ([[The Lovin' Spoonful]])
* [[March 18]] – [[Dick Smith (entrepreneur)|Dick Smith]], Australian entrepreneur
* [[March 19]]
** [[Said Musa]], [[Prime Minister of Belize]]
** [[Sirhan Sirhan]], Palestinian assassin of [[Robert F. Kennedy]]
* [[March 20]] 
** [[Erwin Neher]], German biophysicist
** [[Camille Cosby]], American television producer and philanthropist
* [[March 21]] 
** [[Mike Jackson (British Army officer)|Mike Jackson]], British Army officer
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Ric Ocasek]], American singer-songwriter and record producer (''[[The Cars]]'') (d. [[2019]])
* [[March 24]] &ndash; [[R. Lee Ermey]], American actor and Marine drill instructor (d. [[2018]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Diana Ross]], African-American actress and singer
* [[March 27]] 
** [[Ann Sidney]], British actress and Miss World
* [[March 28]]
** [[Rick Barry]], American basketball player
** [[Ken Howard]], American actor (d. [[2016]])
* [[March 29]]
** [[Nana Akufo-Addo]], [[President of Ghana]]
** [[Denny McLain]], American baseball player
* [[March 31]]  
** [[Angus King]], American politician

===April===
[[File:Craig T. Nelson at PaleyFest 2013.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Craig T. Nelson]]]]
[[File:Makoto Kobayashi-press conference Dec 07th, 2008-2b.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)|Makoto Kobayashi]]]]
[[File:Gerhard Schröder profile 2014.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Gerhard Schröder]]]]
[[File:HE Thein Sein, President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (9292476975) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Thein Sein]]]]
[[File:Princess Benedikte of Denmark -2.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Princess Benedikte of Denmark]]]]
* [[April 1]] 
** [[Rusty Staub]], American baseball player and coach (d. [[2018]])
** [[Theo Hiddema]], Dutch lawyer, media personality and politician
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Tony Orlando]], American pop singer-songwriter, producer and actor
* [[April 4]]
** [[Faisal bin Musaid]], assassin and nephew of King [[Faisal of Saudi Arabia]] (d. [[1975]])
** [[Craig T. Nelson]], American actor
** [[Phyllida Barlow]], British sculptor (d. [[2023]])
* [[April 5]] 
** [[Peter T. King]], American politician
** [[Willeke van Ammelrooy]], Dutch actress and director
* [[April 6]]
** [[Judith McConnell]], American actress
** [[Anita Pallenberg]], Italian-born model and actress (d. [[2017]])
**[[Charles Sobhraj]], French-Indian serial killer
* [[April 7]]
** [[Shel Bachrach]], American insurance broker, investor, businessman and philanthropist
** [[Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)|Makoto Kobayashi]], Japanese physicist
** [[Oshik Levi]], Israeli singer and actor
** [[Gerhard Schröder]], [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor of Germany]]
* [[April 8]]
** [[Burny Bos]], Dutch producer, scenarist and children's book writer.
** [[Odd Nerdrum]], Norwegian painter
** [[Jimmy Walker (basketball, born 1944)|Jimmy Walker]], American professional basketball player (d. [[2007]])
* [[April 11]] &ndash; [[John Milius]], American film director, producer and screenwriter
* [[April 12]] – [[Lisa Jardine]], historian and [[polymath]] (d. [[2015]])
* [[April 13]] 
** [[Jack Casady]], American rock musician ([[Jefferson Airplane]], [[Hot Tuna]])
** [[Brian Pendleton]], British guitarist (d. [[2001]])
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Nguyễn Phú Trọng]], Vietnamese politician, [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam|General Secretary of the Communist Party]] and [[President of Vietnam|President]] (d. [[2024]])
* [[April 15]] 
** [[Kunishige Kamamoto]], Japanese footballer, manager and politician
** [[Dave Edmunds]], Welsh singer-songwriter, guitarist and [[record producer]]
* [[April 18]]
** [[Isao Shibata]], Japanese baseball player
** [[Robert Hanssen]], American double agent (d. [[2023]])
* [[April 19]]
** [[Bernie Worrell]], American keyboardist, composer ([[Parliament-Funkadelic]]) (d. [[2016]])
** [[James Heckman]], American economist, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate
** [[Robert Holmes Bell]], American district judge (d. [[2023]])
* [[April 20]] 
** [[Thein Sein]], Burmese politician, 8th [[President of Myanmar]]
** [[Doyle Lawson]], American traditional [[Bluegrass music|bluegrass]] and [[Southern gospel]] [[musician]]
* [[April 21]] – [[Paul Geremia]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Steve Fossett]], American millionaire aviator, sailor and adventurer (d. [[2007]])
* [[April 23]] – [[Timothy Garden, Baron Garden]], [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] pilot and politician (d. [[2007]])
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[Tony Visconti]], American record producer, musician and singer
* [[April 25]] 
** [[Len Goodman]], British ballroom dancer and television personality (d. [[2023]])
** [[Park Soo-il (footballer, born 1944)|Park Soo-il]], South Korean former footballer and football manager (d. [[2008]])
* [[April 26]]
** [[Amien Rais]], Indonesian politician
** [[Larry H. Miller]], American sports owner ([[Utah Jazz]]; d. [[2009]])
* [[April 27]] &ndash; [[Cuba Gooding Sr.]], American actor and singer (d. [[2017]])
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe]], Belgian politician
* [[April 29]]
** [[Princess Benedikte of Denmark]]
** [[Richard Kline]], American actor and television director
** [[Francis Lee (footballer)|Francis Lee]], English footballer (d. [[2023]])
** [[Liu Chuanzhi]], Chinese entrepreneur
* [[April 30]]
** [[Rudi Assauer]], German footballer and manager (d. [[2019]])
** [[Jill Clayburgh]], American actress (d. [[2010]])

===May===
[[File:(John Rhys-Davies) 2018-02-11 15-35-40 ILCE-6500 DSC07150 (31235662177) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[John Rhys-Davies]]]]
[[File:George Lucas cropped 2009.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Lucas]]]]
[[File:Danny Trejo by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Danny Trejo]]]]
<!--[[File:Peter Mayhew at WonderCon 2007.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Peter Mayhew]]]]
[[File:Joe cocker 1970.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Joe Cocker]]]]-->
[[File:Mary Robinson (2014).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mary Robinson]]]]
[[File:Patti Labelle.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Patti LaBelle]]]]
[[File:Rudy Giuliani (49279859833) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Rudy Giuliani]]]]
[[File:Gladys Knight 1997.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Gladys Knight]]]]
[[File:Locke HS Yearbook.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Sondra Locke]]]]
* [[May 1]]
** [[Costa Cordalis]], German singer (d. [[2019]])
** [[Suresh Kalmadi]], Indian politician
** [[Marva Whitney]], American singer (d. [[2012]])
* [[May 4|May 2]] &ndash; [[Gloria Lizárraga de Capriles]], Venezuelan politician (d. [[2021]])<ref name="Carabobeño">{{Cite news|date=31 March 2021|title=Falleció Gloria Lizárraga de Capriles: primera alcaldesa de Baruta|agency=[[El Carabobeño]]|url=https://www.el-carabobeno.com/fallecio-gloria-lizarraga-de-capriles-primera-alcaldesa-de-baruta/|access-date=31 August 2021}}</ref>
* [[May 3]] – [[Rusty Wier]], American singer-songwriter (d. [[2009]])
*[[May 4]]
** [[Walker Boone]], Canadian actor (d. [[2021]])
** [[Russi Taylor]], American actress (d. [[2019]])
* [[May 5]]
** [[Roger Rees]], Welsh actor and director (d. [[2015]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Contemporary|author2=Contemporary Books|title=Chase's Annual Events: The Day-By-Day Directory to 1994|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQoBM1qCk5wC|year=1993|publisher=Contemporary books|isbn=978-0-8092-3732-6|page=193}}</ref>
** [[John Rhys-Davies]], Welsh actor<ref>{{cite book|author=Brad Linaweaver|title=Sliders: The Episode Guide : the Classic Episodes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1SDugAAQxVAC|year=1998|publisher=TV Books|isbn=978-1-57500-053-4|page=21}}</ref>
* [[May 6]] – [[Mike Coulman]], English dual-code rugby international (d. [[2023]])
* [[May 7]] – [[Richard O'Sullivan]], English comedy actor
* [[May 8]]  
** [[Gary Glitter]] (Paul Gadd), English glam rock singer and paedophile
** [[David Vaughan (artist)|David Vaughan]], psychedelic artist (d. [[2003]])
* [[May 9]]
** [[Richie Furay]], American rock singer-songwriter ([[Poco (band)|Poco]], [[Buffalo Springfield]])
** [[Lars Norén]], Swedish playwright, novelist and poet (d. [[2021]])
** [[Laurence Owen]], American figure skater (d. [[1961]])
* [[May 10]]
** [[Jim Abrahams]], American film director
** [[Jackie Lomax]], English rock singer-songwriter, guitarist (d. [[2013]])
* [[May 12]] 
** [[Sara Kestelman]], English actress
** [[Chris Patten]], British politician
* [[May 13]]
** [[Armistead Maupin]], American fiction writer
** [[Carolyn Franklin]], American soul singer-songwriter (d. [[1988]])
* [[May 14]]
** [[Connie Lawn]], American journalist (d. [[2018]])
** [[George Lucas]], American film director and producer
* [[May 15]]  &ndash;[[Ulrich Beck]], German sociologist (d. [[2015]])
* [[May 16]] &ndash; [[Danny Trejo]], Hispanic-American actor
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Jesse Winchester]], American-Canadian country singer-songwriter (d. [[2014]])
* [[May 18]] 
** [[Marianne Battani]], American jurist (d. [[2021]])
** [[Albert Hammond]], [[United Kingdom|British]]-[[Gibraltarians|Gibraltarian]] singer, songwriter and record producer
* [[May 19]] 
** [[Peter Mayhew]], English-American actor (d. [[2019]])
** [[Jaan Talts]], Estonian-Soviet weightlifter
* [[May 20]]
** [[Joe Cocker]], English rock singer (d. [[2014]])
** [[Boudewijn de Groot]], Batavian-born Dutch folk singer-songwriter
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Mary Robinson]], [[President of Ireland]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Mary Robinson |url=https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/profiles/mary-robinson |website=Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers |access-date=28 July 2021 |language=en |date=27 February 2020}}</ref>
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Roberto A. Abad]], Filipino lawyer
* [[May 23]]
** [[John Newcombe]], Australian tennis player
** [[Avraham Oz]], Israeli theater professor, translator and political activist
* [[May 24]]
** [[Patti LaBelle]], American singer, actress and entrepreneur
** [[David Mark Berger]], Israeli weightlifter (d. [[1972]])
** [[Heleen Sancisi-Weerdenburg]], Dutch ancient historian
** [[Dominique Lavanant]], French film and theatrical actress
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Frank Oz]], English puppeteer and film director
* [[May 26]] &ndash; [[Jan Schakowsky]], U.S. Representative, [[Illinois's 9th congressional district]]
* [[May 27]] 
** [[Chris Dodd]], American politician
** [[Jon Brittenum]], American football player (d. [[2022]])
** [[Alain Souchon]], [[Music of France|French singer-songwriter]] and actor
* [[May 28]]
** [[Rudy Giuliani]], American politician, Mayor of New York City
** [[Gladys Knight]], American singer
** [[Sondra Locke]], American actress and director (d. [[2018]])
** [[Rita MacNeil]], Canadian folk singer (d. [[2013]])
** [[Gary Stewart (singer)|Gary Stewart]], American country rock singer-songwriter and musician (d. [[2003]])
** [[Patricia Quinn (Northern Irish actress)|Patricia Quinn]] (Lady Stephens), Northern Irish actress
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Helmut Berger]], Austrian actor (d. [[2023]])
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Meredith MacRae]], American actress (d. [[2000]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Ayad Allawi]], 38th [[Prime Minister of Iraq]]

===June===
[[File:Michelle Phillips 1966 press book headshot Dunhill.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Michelle Phillips]]]]
[[File:Tommie Smith-modified (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Tommie Smith]]]]
[[File:Ban Ki-moon February 2016.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ban Ki-moon]]]]
[[File:Cadena 12 (34186610605) cropped.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Salvador Sánchez Cerén]]]]
[[File:Kinks.jpg|thumb|100px|Sir [[Ray Davies]]]]
<!--[[File:Jeff Beck Chelsea 2018.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jeff Beck]]]]-->

[[File:CUN2008 Oscar party Gary Busey.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Gary Busey]]]]
* [[June 1]]
** [[Robert Powell]], English actor
** [[Rafael Viñoly]], Uruguayan-born architect (d. [[2023]])
** [[Colin Blakemore]], neurobiologist (d. [[2022]])
* [[June 2]]
** [[Garo Yepremian]], American football player (d. [[2015]])
** [[Marvin Hamlisch]], American composer and conductor (d. [[2012]])
* [[June 3]] 
** [[Edith McGuire]], American sprinter
** [[Mary Thom]], American journalist and author (d. [[2013]])
** [[Peter Bonfield]], British businessman
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[Michelle Phillips]], American singer and actress
* [[June 5]]
** [[Colm Wilkinson]], Irish actor and singer
** [[Whitfield Diffie]], American cryptographer
* [[June 6]]
** [[Reuven Bulka]], Canadian rabbi, writer, broadcaster and activist (d. [[2021]])
** [[Edgar Froese]], German electronic musician (d. [[2015]])
** [[Bud Harrelson]], American baseball player (d. [[2024]])
** [[Phillip Allen Sharp]], American scientist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
** [[Tommie Smith]], American athlete
* [[June 7]] 
** [[Annette Lu]], Taiwanese politician, 8th [[Vice President of the Republic of China]]
** [[Cazzie Russell]], American former professional [[basketball]] player and coach
* [[June 8]]
** [[Mark Belanger]], American baseball player (d. [[1998]])
** [[Don Grady]], American actor and singer (d. [[2012]])
** [[Marc Ouellet]], Canadian cardinal
** [[Boz Scaggs]], American singer and guitarist
* [[June 10]] 
** [[Ze'ev Friedman]], Israeli weightlifter (d. [[1972]])
** [[Eegje Schoo]], Dutch politician and diplomat
* [[June 11]] – [[Alan Howarth, Baron Howarth of Newport]], English politician, [[Minister for Culture, Communications and Creative Industries]]
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[Ban Ki-moon]], South Korean politician and 8th [[United Nations Secretary-General|Secretary-General of the United Nations]]
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], Tamil playback singer and actor (d. [[2011]])
* [[June 16]] &ndash; [[Henri Richelet]], French painter (d. [[2020]])
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[Bill Rafferty]], American comedian and impressionist (d. [[2012]])
* [[June 18]]
** [[Salvador Sánchez Cerén]], 45th [[President of El Salvador]]
** [[Rick Griffin]], American graphic artist (d. [[1991]])
** [[Sandy Posey]], American pop singer
** [[Bonar Sianturi]], Indonesian army officer (d. [[2022]])
* [[June 19]] &ndash; [[Chico Buarque]], Brazilian singer-songwriter
* [[June 21]]
** [[Carmen Cardinali]], Chilean professor, governor of Rapa Nui
** [[Franco Cordova]], Italian international football player
** [[Corinna Tsopei]], Greek actress, model and beauty queen, winner of [[Miss Universe 1964]]
** Sir [[Ray Davies]], English rock singer-songwriter, co-founder of [[The Kinks]]
** [[Kenny O'Dell]], American country singer-songwriter (d. [[2018]])
** [[Tony Scott]], English film director (d. [[2012]])
** [[Luigi Sgarbozza]], Italian road racing cyclist
** [[Chris Wood (rock musician)|Chris Wood]], English rock musician ([[Traffic (band)|Traffic]]) (d. [[1983]])
* [[June 22]]
** [[Ercole Gualazzini]], Italian professional road bicycle racer
** [[Gérard Mourou]], French electrical engineer, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]
* [[June 23]]
** [[Silvestre Bello III]], Filipino businessman and lawyer
** [[Gan Ee Kiang]], Malaysian pharmacologist
** [[Dionys Baeriswyl]], Swiss [[theoretical physicist]] (d. [[2023]])
* [[June 24]]
** [[Jeff Beck]], English rock musician (d. [[2023]])
** [[Dennis Butler]], English footballer and football manager
** [[John "Charlie" Whitney]], English guitarist
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Ricardo Salgado]], Portuguese economist and banker
* [[June 27]]
** [[Paul Koslo]], German-Canadian actor (d. [[2019]])
** [[Zezé Motta]], Brazilian actress and singer
** [[Patrick Sercu]], Belgian cyclist (d. [[2019]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Luis Nicolao]], Argentine butterfly swimmer
* [[June 29]]
** [[Gary Busey]], American actor
** [[Seán Patrick O'Malley]], American cardinal
* [[June 30]]
** [[Daniel Kablan Duncan]], Ivorian politician
** [[Terry Funk]], American professional wrestler (d. [[2023]])
** [[Raymond Moody]], American parapsychologist
** [[Alan C. Fox]], American author, philanthropist and entrepreneur
** [[Glenn Shorrock]], English-born Australian rock singer-songwriter

===July===
[[File:Italian part - Citizens’ Corner debate- Brexit – Europe’s Big Bang theory. Where did it start? (26772636523).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mercedes Bresso]]]]
[[File:Jeffrey Tambor June 2015.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jeffrey Tambor]]]]
[[File:David Hemery 1968.jpg|thumb|100px|[[David Hemery]]]]
<!--[[File:John Atta Mills.jpg|thumb|100px|[[John Atta Mills]]]]-->
[[File:Geraldine Chaplin en Seminci 2016.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Geraldine Chaplin]]]]
[[File:Robert Merton November 2010 03(1).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Robert C. Merton]]]]
* [[July 1]]
** [[Mercedes Bresso]], Italian politician
** [[Mike Horan (politician)|Mike Horan]], Australian politician
** [[Nurul Haque Miah]], Bangladeshi professor of chemistry and textbook writer (d. [[2021]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=রসায়ন বইয়ের বিখ্যাত লেখক প্রফেসর নূরুল হক মিয়া আর নেই|url=https://www.jugantor.com/national/395122/রসায়ন-বইয়ের-বিখ্যাত-লেখক-প্রফেসর-নূরুল-হক-মিয়া-আর-নেই|access-date=20 February 2021|website=[[Jugantor]]|language=bn}}</ref>
** [[Diron Talbert]], American football player
** [[Syd Jackson (footballer, born 1944)|Syd Jackson]], Australian rules footballer
** [[Salgueiro Maia]], captain in the [[Military of Portugal|Portuguese army]] and revolutionary (d. [[1992]])
* [[July 2]]
** [[Billy Campbell (Northern Irish footballer)|Billy Campbell]], Northern Irish footballer
** [[Vicente de la Mata (born 1944)|Vicente de la Mata]], Argentine football midfielder
** [[Paul Schudel]], American football player and coach
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Michel Polnareff]], French singer
* [[July 4]]
** [[Joe Berardo]], Portuguese businessman, investor and art collector
** [[Joe Critchlow]], Canadian football player
** [[Albert Kapengut]], Soviet chess master
* [[July 5]]
** [[Mick Andrews]], English international motorcycle trials rider
** [[Hendrik Born]], German vice admiral
** [[Enrique Irazoqui]], Spanish movie actor
* [[July 6]]
** [[Tim Brown (darts player)|Tim Brown]], Australian darts player
** [[Gunhild Hoffmeister]], East German middle-distance runner
** [[Max Timisela]], Indonesian footballer
* [[July 7]]
** [[Feri Cansel]], Turkish-Cypriot actress (d. [[1983]])
** [[Nicholas, Crown Prince of Montenegro]]
** [[Mark Burgess (cricketer)|Mark Burgess]], New Zealand cricketer
** [[Jürgen Grabowski]], German footballer (d. [[2022]])
** [[Tony Jacklin]], English golfer
** [[George Logan (performer)|George Logan]], British female impersonator of the comedy act [[Hinge and Bracket]]
** [[Feleti Sevele]], Prime Minister of Tonga
** [[Michael Walker, Baron Walker of Aldringham]], British Army officer
** [[Glenys Kinnock]], British politician (d. [[2023]])
** [[Ian Wilmut]], British [[Embryology|embryologist]] (d. [[2023]])
* [[July 8]]
**[[Jaimoe|Johanny "Jaimoe" Johanson]], American drummer
** [[Jeffrey Tambor]], American actor
**[[William H. Pitsenbarger]], United States Air Force Medal of Honour recipient (d. [[1966]])
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Carlos Ruckauf]], Argentine politician
* [[July 11]]
** [[Keith Doncon]], Australian rules footballer
** [[Neil Vant]], Canadian Anglican clergyman, prospector, businessman and political figure
** [[Valdeir Vieira]], Brazilian football manager
** [[Peter de Savary]], British entrepreneur (d. [[2022]])
* [[July 12]]
** [[Terry Cooper (footballer, born 1944)|Terry Cooper]], English football player and manager
** [[Denise Nicholas]], American actress and social activist 
** [[Delia Ephron]], American bestselling author, screenwriter, and playwright
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[Ernő Rubik]], Hungarian inventor
* [[July 15]] – [[Klaas de Vries (composer)|Klaas de Vries]], Dutch composer
* [[July 16]]
** [[Clarence Parfitt]], Bermudian and Scottish cricketer
** [[Jose L. Cuisia Jr.]], Philippine diplomat and banker
** [[Betty Davis]], American singer, songwriter and model (d. [[2022]])
* [[July 17]]
** [[Mark Burgess (cricketer)|Mark Burgess]], New Zealand [[cricket]] [[Captain (cricket)|captain]]
** [[Catherine Schell]], Hungarian actress
** [[Charles Lapointe]], Canadian businessman, politician and public servant
** [[Tom Kalinske]], American businessman
** [[Carlos Alberto Torres]], Brazilian footballer (d. [[2016]])
* [[July 18]] 
** [[David Hemery]], British Olympic athlete
** [[William Harrison Courtney]], American professor and retired diplomat
* [[July 20]]
** [[Mel Daniels]], American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
** [[W. Cary Edwards]], American politician (d. [[2010]])
* [[July 21]]
** [[John Atta Mills]], 13th [[President of Ghana]] (d. [[2012]])
** [[Paul Wellstone]], U.S. Senator from Minnesota (d. [[2002]])
* [[July 26]]
** [[Celeste Yarnall]], American actress (d. [[2018]])
** [[Kiel Martin]], American actor (d. [[1990]]
* [[July 27]] 
** [[Tony Capstick]], English comedian, actor and musician (d. [[2003]])
** [[Matthew Robinson (producer)|Matthew Robinson]], English television and film producer, director and writer
** [[Philip Freriks]], Dutch journalist, columnist and television presenter
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Jozo Križanović]], Bosnian politician (d. [[2009]])
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[Frances de la Tour]], English actress
* [[July 31]]
** [[Geraldine Chaplin]], English-American actress
** [[Robert C. Merton]], American economist, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate
** [[Jonathan Dimbleby]], English broadcaster and journalist
** [[Tommy Robson]], English footballer ([[Northampton Town F.C.|Northampton Town]], [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]], [[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough United]]) (d. [[2020]])

===August===
[[File:Director Robert S. Mueller- III.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Robert Mueller]]]]
[[File:TIFF 2018 Samuel Elliott (44592132581) (cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Sam Elliott]]]]
[[File:Ian McDiarmid Brussels Comic Con 2020.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Ian McDiarmid]]]]
[[File:Rajiv Gandhi (1987).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Rajiv Gandhi]]]]
* [[August 1]]
** [[Yury Romanenko]], Soviet cosmonaut
** [[Andrew G. Vajna]], Hungarian-American film producer (d. [[2019]])
* [[August 2]]
** [[Jim Capaldi]], British drummer, singer and songwriter (d. [[2005]])
** [[Naná Vasconcelos]], Brazilian percussionist and vocalist (d. [[2016]])
** [[Joanna Cassidy]], American actress and former model
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Jonas Falk]], Swedish actor (d. [[2010]])
* [[August 4]]
** [[William Frankfather]], American actor (d. [[1998]])
** [[Orhan Gencebay]], Turkish musician, composer, singer and actor
** [[Richard Belzer]], American actor and comedian (d. [[2023 in France]])
* [[August 7]]
** [[John Glover (actor)|John Glover]], American actor
** [[Robert Mueller]], American lawyer, FBI director
** [[Denny Freeman]], American guitarist (d. [[2021 in the United States|2021]])
* [[August 8]]
** [[Michael Johnson (singer)|Michael Johnson]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. [[2017]])
** [[Hasyim Muzadi]], Indonesian Islamic scholar (d. [[2017]])
* [[August 9]] 
** [[Sam Elliott]], American actor
** [[Patricia McKissack]], African American [[children's writer]] (d. [[2017]])
* [[August 10]] 
** [[Luisa Teresa Pacheco]], Venezuelan politician<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://diariocatolico.press/fallecio-luisa-teresa-pacheco-de-chacon-primera-gobernadora-del-estado-tachira/|title=Falleció Luisa Teresa Pacheco de Chacón primera gobernadora del estado Táchira|date=11 August 2023|access-date=2024-01-03|website=Diario Católico |last1=Católico |first1=Diario }}</ref>
** [[Abdul Latif Rashid]], Iraqi Kurd politician and the ninth [[president of Iraq]]
* [[August 11]]
** [[Ian McDiarmid]], Scottish actor
** [[Frederick W. Smith]], American founder of [[FedEx]]
* [[August 12]] &ndash; [[Larry Troutman]], American funk musician (d. [[1999]])
* [[August 13]] &ndash; [[Kevin Tighe]], American actor
* [[August 15]] 
** [[Sylvie Vartan]], French singer
** [[Linda Ellerbee]], American journalist and author
** [[Thomas J. Murphy, Jr.]], politician, 56th [[Mayor of Pittsburgh]]
** [[R. A. W. Rhodes]], British political scientist and academic
* [[August 17]] 
** [[Larry Ellison]], co-founder of [[Oracle Corporation]]
** [[Bobby Murdoch]], Scottish footballer and football manager (d. [[2001]])
* [[August 18]]
** [[Robert Hitchcock]], Australian sculptor
** [[Françoise Lebrun]], French actress
** [[Volker Lechtenbrink]], German television actor and singer
** [[Helena Rojo]], Mexican actress and model
* [[August 19]]
** [[Mordechai Spiegler]], Israeli footballer and manager<ref>Bob Wechsler (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=dAq4TGQsWwwC&dq=mordechai+spiegler+born+1944&pg=PA232 ''Day by Day in Jewish Sports History'']</ref>
** [[Charles Wang]], Chinese-born American businessman, philanthropist and sports team owner (d. [[2018]])
** [[Bodil Malmsten]], Swedish novelist and poet (d. [[2016]])
** [[Steve Sloan]], American football player and coach (d. [[2024 in the United States|2024]])
* [[August 20]]
** [[Rajiv Gandhi]], Prime Minister of India (d. [[1991]])
** [[Brian Barnes (artist)|Brian Barnes]], British artist (d. [[2021]])
* [[August 21]]
** [[Kari S. Tikka]], Finnish Professor of Finance (d. [[2006]])
** [[Peter Weir]], Australian film director
* [[August 22]] &ndash; [[Ayşen Gruda]], Turkish actress and comedian (d. [[2019]])
* [[August 23]]
** [[Saira Banu]], Indian actress
** [[Roberto D'Aubuisson]], Salvadorean Army officer and right-wing political leader (d. [[1992]])
* [[August 24]] 
** [[Rocky Johnson]], Canadian professional wrestler and father of [[Dwayne Johnson]] (d. [[2020]])
** [[Henry Braden]], American lawyer and politician (d. [[2013 in the United States|2013]])
** [[Gregory Jarvis]], American astronaut (d. [[1986]])
* [[August 25]]
** [[Pat Martino]], American jazz guitarist (d. [[2021]])
** [[Abdullah Tarmugi]], Singaporean politician
** [[Christine Chubbuck]], American television reporter (d. [[1974]])
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester]]
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[G. W. Bailey]], American actor
* [[August 28]]
** [[Ray Lowry]], English cartoonist (d. [[2008]])
** [[Kay Parker]], English pornography actress (d. [[2022]])
* [[August 30]] 
** [[Tug McGraw]], American baseball player (d. [[2004]])
** [[Freek de Jonge]], Dutch cabaret performer and writer
** [[John Surman]], English [[jazz]] saxophone, [[Clarinet family|clarinet]], and synthesizer player and composer
* [[August 31]]
** [[Jos LeDuc]], Canadian professional wrestler (d. [[1999]])
** [[Earnie Shavers]], African-American professional boxer (d. [[2022]])
** [[Roger Dean (artist)|Roger Dean]], English graphic artist

===September===
<!--[[File:Barry White, Bestanddeelnr 927-0098 (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Barry White]]]]-->
[[File:Peter Cetera - 2017356211027 2017-12-22 Night of the Proms - Sven - 1D X MK II - 0562 - B70I8057.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Peter Cetera]]]]
[[File:Yoweri Museveni 2015 2.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Yoweri Museveni]]]]
[[File:Michael Douglas César 2016 3.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Michael Douglas]]]]
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Leonard Slatkin]], American conductor
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Gilles Marchal]], French singer-songwriter
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Ty Warner]], American businessman, inventor of Beanie Babies
* [[September 4]] 
** [[Tony Atkinson]], British economist (d. [[2017]])
** [[Dave Bassett]], English football manager
** [[Jennifer Salt]], American [[Television producer|producer]], [[screenwriter]], and former actress
* [[September 6]]
** [[Christian Boltanski]], French artist
** [[Swoosie Kurtz]], American actress
* [[September 7]]
** [[Abul Hayat]], Bangladeshi actor
** [[Earl Manigault]], American basketball player (d. [[1998]])
** [[Bora Milutinović]], Serbian footballer and coach
** [[Sam Sloan]], American chess player and [[autodidact]]
** [[Jerry Relph]], American politician, member of the [[Minnesota Senate]] (d. [[2020]])
* [[September 8]] 
** [[Bill Parkyn]], American scientist (d. [[2012]])
** [[Margaret Hodge]], British politician
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[George Mraz]], Czech-born American jazz [[Double bass|bassist]] and [[Alto saxophone|alto saxophonist]] (d. [[2021]])
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Serge Haroche]], French physicist
* [[September 12]]
** [[Leonard Peltier]], [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American activist]] and convicted murderer
** [[Vladimir Spivakov]], Soviet and Russian conductor and [[violin]]ist
** [[Barry White]], African-American singer (d. [[2003]])
* [[September 13]]
** [[Carol Barnes]], British newsreader (d. [[2008]])
** [[Jacqueline Bisset]], English actress
** [[Peter Cetera]], lead singer and guitarist of American rock group [[Chicago]]
* [[September 14]] – [[Colleen Barrett]], American business executive (d. 2024)
* [[September 15]]
** [[Yoweri Museveni]], Ugandan politician, 9th [[President of Uganda]]
** [[Graham Taylor]], English footballer and football manager (d. [[2017]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[B.J. Ward (actress)|B.J. Ward]], American voice actress
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Reinhold Messner]], Italian mountaineer
* [[September 18]]
** [[Veronica Carlson]], English actress and model
** [[Satan's Angel]], American exotic dancer
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[İsmet Özel]], Turkish poet
* [[September 20]]
** [[Jeremy Child]], English actor
** [[Paul Madeley]], English footballer (d. [[2018]])
* [[September 21]]
** [[Caleb Deschanel]], American cinematographer and film director
** [[Hamilton Jordan]], Jimmy Carter's first [[White House Chief of Staff]] (d. [[2008]])
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Frazer Hines]], British actor
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Eavan Boland]], Irish poet, author, and professor (d. [[2020]])
* [[September 25]] – [[Michael Douglas]], American actor and producer
* [[September 26]] 
** [[Anne Robinson]], British television host
** [[Victoria Vetri]], American model and [[actress]]
* [[September 27]] 
** [[Angélica María]], American-born Mexican singer-songwriter and actress<ref>{{cite web|website=Buena Musica |title=Biografía de Angelica Maria|url=https://www.buenamusica.com/angelica-maria/biografia|language=es|trans-title=Biography of Angelica Maria}}</ref>
** [[Ian Garnett]], British admiral
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Miloš Zeman]], 3rd [[President of the Czech Republic]]
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Jimmy Johnstone]], Scottish footballer (d. [[2006]])

===October===
[[File:Arnhim Eustace.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Arnhim Eustace]]]]
[[File:Donald Tsang WEF.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Donald Tsang|Sir Donald Tsang]]]]
[[File:Dale Dye.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Dale Dye]]]]
[[File:BushDoctor1978.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Peter Tosh]]]]
[[File:Elizabeth Loftus-TAM 9-July 2011.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Elizabeth Loftus]]]]
[[File:KovacsKatiKossuth-díj.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Kati Kovács]]]]
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Ruth Adler]], feminist, human rights campaigner and [[child welfare]] advocate (d.[[1994]])
* [[October 2]] 
** [[Abdulah Sidran]], Bosnian poet and screenwriter (d. [[2024]])
** [[Vernor Vinge]], American science fiction writer (d. [[2024]])
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[Pierre Deligne]], Belgian mathematician
* [[October 4]]
** [[Rocío Dúrcal]], Spanish singer and actress (d. [[2006]])
** [[Tony La Russa]], American baseball player and manager
** [[Eddie Gómez]], Puerto Rican jazz [[Double bass|double bassist]]
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Arnhim Eustace]], Vincentian politician and 3rd [[Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]]
* [[October 6]]
** [[Dhammananda Bhikkhuni]], born Chatsumarn Kabilsingh, pioneering female Thai Buddhist monk, previously academic
** [[Mylon LeFevre]], American singer and evangelist (d. [[2023]])
** [[Boris Mikhailov (ice hockey)|Boris Mikhailov]], former Russian [[ice hockey]] player
* [[October 7]]
** [[Donald Tsang|Sir Donald Tsang]], 2nd Chief Executive of Hong Kong
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Dale Dye]], American actor, technical advisor, radio personality and writer
* [[October 9]]
** [[John Entwistle]], English rock bass guitarist and singer-songwriter ([[The Who]]) (d. [[2002]])
** [[Nona Hendryx]], American R&B singer ([[Labelle]])
* [[October 11]] – [[William T. Greenough]], American neuroscientist (d. [[2013]])
* [[October 13]] 
** [[Margo Lion]], American theatrical producer (d. [[2020]])
** [[Gulab Chand Kataria]], Indian politician and the 27th Governor of [[Assam]]
* [[October 14]] – [[Udo Kier]], German actor
* [[October 15]]
** [[Mac Collins]], American politician (d. [[2018]])
** [[Şerif Gören]], Turkish film director
** [[Haim Saban]], Israeli-American media proprietor
** [[David Trimble]], Northern Irish Unionist political leader; recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] 1998 (d. [[2022]])
** [[Kay Ivey]], American politician
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Loftus]], American cognitive psychologist and memory specialist
* [[October 19]] – [[George McCrae]], American soul and disco singer
** [[Peter Tosh]], Jamaican singer and musician (d. [[1987]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[Clive Hornby]], English actor (d. [[2008]])
* [[October 21]] 
** [[Janet and Allan Ahlberg|Janet Ahlberg]], British children's book writer (d. [[1994]])
** [[Muzaffar Ali]], Indian filmmaker, fashion designer, poet, artist, cultural revivalist, and social worker
** [[Jean-Pierre Sauvage]], French scientist; recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] 2016
* [[October 25]]
** [[Jon Anderson]], English rock singer-songwriter and musician
** [[Ron Coote]], Australian rugby league player
** [[Kati Kovács]], Hungarian jazz, pop and rock musician
** [[Azizan Abdul Razak]], Malaysian politician (d. [[2013]])
* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Nikolai Karachentsov]], Russian actor (d. [[2018]])
* [[October 28]]
** [[Dennis Franz]], American actor
** [[Marián Labuda]], Slovak actor (d. [[2018]])
** [[Ian Marter]], English actor and writer (d. [[1986]])
** [[Ranjit Mallick]], Indian actor who works mainly in [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali cinema]]
* [[October 30]] &ndash; [[Ahmed Chalabi]], Iraqi businessman and politician (d. [[2015]])
* [[October 31]] 
** [[Hal Wick]], American politician (d. [[2018]])
** [[Kinky Friedman]], American singer, songwriter, novelist, humorist, politician and columnist

===November===
[[File:Askar Akaev MoscowRia 08-2016.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Askar Akayev]]]]
[[File:Danny DeVito cropped and edited for brightness.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Danny DeVito]]]]
[[File:Lorne Michaels 2021 Kennedy Center Honors (cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Lorne Michaels]]]]
[[File:Ben Stein 2011.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Ben Stein]]]]
* [[November 1]]
** [[Rafic Hariri]], 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. [[2005]])
** [[Bobby Heenan]], American professional wrestling manager and commentator (d. [[2017]])
** [[Oscar Temaru]], President of [[French Polynesia]]
** [[Florindo Fabrizio]], American politician (d. [[2018]])
* [[November 2]]
** [[Michael Buffer]], American ring announcer and actor
** [[Keith Emerson]], English keyboardist (d. [[2016]])
* [[November 3]] – [[Tom Shales]], American writer and television critic (d. [[2024]])
* [[November 4]] 
** [[Linda Gary]], American actress (d. [[1995]])
** [[Willem Breuker]], Dutch bandleader, composer, arranger, [[Saxophone|saxophonist]], and [[Clarinet|clarinetist]] (d. [[2010]])
** [[Scherrie Payne]], American singer
* [[November 5]] – [[Leland Wilkinson]], American statistician and computer scientist (d. [[2021]])
* [[November 7]] 
** [[Luigi Riva]], Italian footballer (d. [[2024]])
** [[Joe Niekro]], American baseball player (d. [[2006]])
* [[November 10]]
** [[Askar Akayev]], 1st [[President of Kyrgyzstan]]
** [[Silvestre Reyes]], American politician
** [[Tim Rice]], English lyricist, writer and broadcaster
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Kemal Sunal]], Turkish comedian
* [[November 12]]
** [[Booker T. Jones]], American R&B singer-songwriter, musician and producer
** [[Al Michaels]], American sportscaster
* [[November 14]] – [[Karen Armstrong]], British writer
* [[November 17]]
** [[Jim Boeheim]], American basketball player and coach
** [[Malcolm Bruce]], English-Scottish journalist, academic, and politician
** [[Gene Clark]], American singer-songwriter (d. [[1991]])
** [[Danny DeVito]], American actor, film producer and director
** [[Gary Goldman]], American animator, film producer and director
** [[Rem Koolhaas]], Dutch architect
** [[Lorne Michaels]], Canadian television and film producer
** [[Tom Seaver]], American baseball pitcher (d. [[2020]])
** [[Sammy Younge Jr.]], American civil rights activist (d. [[1966]])
* [[November 18]]
** [[Wolfgang Joop]], German artist, fashion designer and art collector
** [[Ed Krupp]], American astronomer, director of the [[Griffith Observatory]]
** [[Lorinda Cherry]], American computer scientist (d. [[2022]])
* [[November 20]]  
** [[Louie Dampier]], American basketball player
** [[Donald DiFrancesco]], American lawyer and politician, 51st [[Governor of New Jersey]]
* [[November 21]]
** [[Dick Durbin]], American politician
** [[Earl Monroe]], American basketball player
** [[Harold Ramis]], American actor, director and comedy writer (d. [[2014]])
* [[November 23]] – [[Peter Lindbergh]], German fashion photographer and film director (d. [[2019]])
* [[November 24]]
** [[Candy Darling]], American actress (d. [[1974]])
** [[Ibrahim Gambari]], Nigerian scholar and diplomat
** [[Amol Palekar]], Indian actor, director and producer of [[Hindi]] and [[Marathi cinema]]
* [[November 25]]
** [[Ben Stein]], American law professor, actor and author
** [[Michael Kijana Wamalwa]], Kenyan politician, 8th [[Vice President of Kenya]]
** [[Sylvia Gore]], English footballer (d. [[2016]])
* [[November 27]] – [[Mickey Leland]], American politician (d. [[1989]])
* [[November 28]] – [[Rita Mae Brown]], American fiction writer and political activist
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[George Graham (footballer, born 1944)|George Graham]], Scottish football player and manager

===December===
[[File:John Densmore 1971.png|100px|thumb|[[John Densmore]]]]
[[File:Dennis Wilson 1971 cropped.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Dennis Wilson]]]]
[[File:Flickr - Saeima - 10.Saeimas deputāts Andris Bērziņš (ievēlēts no Vidzemes apgabala).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Andris Bērziņš (Latvian President)|Andris Bērziņš]]]]
[[File:FraGiacomoDallaTorre (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto|Giacomo dalla Torre]]]]
[[File:Brenda Lee.png|100px|thumb|[[Brenda Lee]]]]
[[File:Bernard Hill2_(cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Bernard Hill]]]]
[[File:Tim Reid at USDA Black History Month celebration.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Tim Reid]]]]
[[File:Jairzinho 1970s.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Jairzinho]]]]
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[John Densmore]], drummer, member of [[The Doors]].
* [[December 2]]
** [[Cathy Lee Crosby]], American actress (''That's Incredible!'')
** [[Ibrahim Rugova]], 1st [[President of Kosovo]] (d. [[2006]])
** [[Dionysis Savvopoulos]], Greek singer-songwriter
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Ralph McTell]], English folk singer-songwriter
* [[December 4]] 
** [[Dennis Wilson]], American pop singer-songwriter and drummer (d. [[1983]])
** [[Chris Hillman]], American musician and bassist 
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Jeroen Krabbé]], Dutch actor and film director
* [[December 6]]
** [[Kit Culkin]], American stage actor
** [[Ron Kenoly]], American Christian leader
** [[Sutiyoso]], Indonesian politician and general, governor of [[Jakarta]]
** [[Jonathan King]], English music producer and convicted [[sex offender]]
* [[December 7]]
** [[Daniel Chorzempa]], American organist
** [[Georges Coste]], French rugby player and coach
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Sharmila Tagore]], Indian actress and model
* [[December 9]]
** [[Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto]], 80th [[List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller|Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta]] (d. [[2020]])
** [[Tadashi Irie]], Japanese [[yakuza]] boss
** [[Ki Longfellow]], American novelist
** [[Neil Innes]], English writer, comedian and musician (d. [[2019]])
** [[Roger Short]], British diplomat (murdered in the [[2003 Istanbul bombings]])
* [[December 10]] 
** [[Andris Bērziņš (Latvian President)|Andris Bērziņš]], 8th [[President of Latvia]]
** [[Bhikkhu Bodhi]], American [[Theravada]] [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] [[Bhikkhu|monk]]
* [[December 11]]
** [[Gianni Morandi]], Italian singer
** [[Brenda Lee]], American singer
** [[Lynda Day George]], American actress
** [[Teri Garr]], American actress (d. [[2024]])
* [[December 12]]
** [[Diana Bracho]], Mexican actress
** [[Kenneth Cranham]], Scottish born actor
** [[Cara Duff-MacCormick]], Canadian stage actress
** [[Alex Acuña]], [[Peruvian Americans|Peruvian–American]] [[jazz]] drummer and percussionist
* [[December 14]] – [[Denis Thwaites]], English footballer (murdered in the [[2015 Sousse attacks]])
* [[December 15]] – [[Chico Mendes]], Brazilian [[Rubber tapping|rubber tapper]], [[Trade union|trade union leader]] and [[Environmentalism|environmentalist]] (d.[[1988]])
* [[December 16]] – [[Sein Win (politician, born 1944)|Sein Win]], Burmese politician
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Bernard Hill]], British actor (d. [[2024]])
* [[December 19]]
** [[Mitchell Feigenbaum]], American mathematical physicist (d. [[2019]])
** [[María Martha Serra Lima]], Argentine singer (d. [[2017]])
** [[Tim Reid]], African-American actor and film director
** [[Anastasiya Vertinskaya]], Soviet and Russian actress
** [[Terry Underwood]], Australian author
** [[Fred Callaghan]], English footballer (d. [[2022]])
** [[Douglas Durst]], American real estate investor and developer
** [[Alvin Lee]], English guitarist, singer and songwriter (d. [[2013]])
* [[December 20]] 
** [[Ray Martin (television presenter)|Ray Martin]], Australian journalist and television presenter
** [[Bobby Colomby]], American drummer and producer
** [[Anton Rippon]], British journalist and author
* [[December 21]]
** [[Bill Atkinson (footballer, born 1944)|Bill Atkinson]], English footballer (d. [[2013]])
** [[Michael Tilson Thomas]], American conductor
** [[Zheng Xiaoyu]], Chinese bureaucrat (d. [[2007]])
* [[December 22]] 
** [[Steve Carlton]], American baseball player
** [[Mo Foster]], English multi-instrumentalist, record producer, composer, solo artist, author, and public speaker (d. [[2023]])
* [[December 23]]
** [[Wesley Clark]], U.S. general and NATO Supreme Allied Commander
** [[Ingar Knudtsen]], Norwegian novelist and poet
* [[December 24]] 
** [[Erhard Keller]], German speed skater
** [[Mick Shoebottom]], English rugby league player (d. [[2002]])
* [[December 25]]
**[[Jairzinho]], Brazilian football player
** [[Kenny Everett]], British comedian and radio DJ. (d. [[1995]])
* [[December 26]]
** [[Bill Ayers]], American education theorist, previously radical anti-war activist
** [[Jane Lapotaire]], British actress
** [[Aleksey Mikhalyov (translator)|Aleksey Mikhalyov]], Russian translator
* [[December 27]] – [[Mick Jones (Foreigner guitarist)|Mick Jones]], English rock guitarist, singer-songwriter and producer ([[Foreigner (band)|Foreigner]])
* [[December 28]]
** [[Kary Mullis]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2019]])
** [[Edgar Vivar]], Mexican actor (Señor Barriga and Ñoño in ''El Chavo del Ocho'')
** [[Johnny Isakson]], American politician (d. [[2021]])
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[Joseph Hilbe]], American statistician and author (d. [[2017]])
* [[December 31]]
** [[Neil Ross]], British-American voice actor and announcer
** [[Jan Widströmer]], Swedish painter and poet
** [[Lois Galgay Reckitt]], American activist and politician (d. [[2023]])

=== Date unknown ===

* [[Lea Hopkins]], American LGBT rights activist from Missouri
* [[Donald Nicolaisen]], American SEC chief accountant (d. [[2019]])

==Deaths==
{{BD ToC|deaths}}

===January===
[[File:Kaj Munk.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Kaj Munk]]]]
[[File:Andrey Toshev.png|thumb|100px|[[Andrey Toshev]]]]
[[File:Musinga.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Yuhi V Musinga]]]]
[[File:Portrett av Edvard Munch (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Edvard Munch]]]]
[[File:Mère Teresa Michel.png|thumb|100px|Blessed [[Teresa Grillo Michel]]]]
* [[January 1]]
** [[Edwin Lutyens|Sir Edwin Lutyens]], British architect (b. [[1869]])
** [[Charles Turner (Australian cricketer)|Charles Turner]], Australian cricketer (b. [[1862]])
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Franz Reichleitner]], Austrian SS officer and Nazi concentration camp commandant (b. [[1906]])
* [[January 4]] 
** [[Kaj Munk]], Danish playwright, [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] [[pastor]] and martyr (b. [[1898]])
** [[Jean Tatlock]], American psychiatrist (b. [[1914]])
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Ida Tarbell]], American journalist and [[muckraker]] (b. [[1857]])
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Lou Henry Hoover]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1874]])
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Antanas Smetona]], President of Lithuania (b. [[1874]])
* [[January 10]]
** [[William Emerson Ritter]], American biologist (b. [[1856]])
** [[Andrey Toshev]], Bulgarian scientist and diplomat, 26th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1867]])
* [[January 11]]
** Italian leaders of the [[Grand Council of Fascism]] executed following the [[Verona Trial]]
*** [[Emilio De Bono]], general (b. [[1866]])
*** [[Galeazzo Ciano]], aristocrat and diplomat (b. [[1903]])
*** [[Giovanni Marinelli]], politician (b. [[1879]])
** [[Charles King (musical actor)|Charles King]], American actor (b. [[1889]])
** [[Edgard Potier]], Belgian spy (suicide) (b. [[1903]])
* [[January 12]]
** [[Nicholas Bunkerd Kitbamrung]], Thai [[Roman Catholic]] priest and blessed (b. [[1895]])
** [[Juliette Atkinson]], American tennis champion (b. [[1873]])
* [[January 13]] &ndash; King [[Yuhi V of Rwanda]] (b. [[1883]])
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Mehmet Emin Yurdakul]], Turkish writer (b. [[1869]])
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[Léon Brunschvicg]], French philosopher (b. [[1869]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[James McKeen Cattell]], American psychologist (b. [[1860]])
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Yoshimi Nishida]], Japanese general (b. [[1892]])
* [[January 23]] &ndash; [[Edvard Munch]], Norwegian painter (b. [[1863]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Teresa Grillo Michel]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] nun and blessed (b. [[1855]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[William Allen White]], American journalist (b. [[1868]])
* [[January 31]] &ndash; [[Jean Giraudoux]], French writer (b. [[1882]])

===February===
[[File:Piet Mondriaan.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Piet Mondrian]]]]
[[File:Margaret Woodrow Wilson 1912.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Margaret Woodrow Wilson]]]]
[[File:Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Pehr Evind Svinhufvud]]]]
* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[Piet Mondrian]], Dutch painter (b. [[1872]])
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Yvette Guilbert]], French singer and actress (b. [[1867]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Robert E. Park]], American sociologist (b. [[1864]])
* [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Agnes Mary Frances Duclaux]], British poet, essayist and novelist (b. [[1857]])
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[Carl Meinhof]], German linguist (b. [[1857]])
* [[February 12]]
** [[Kenneth Gandar-Dower]], English sportsman, aviator, explorer and author (b. [[1908]])
** [[Margaret Woodrow Wilson]], American singer; [[Woodrow Wilson|Presidential]] daughter (b. [[1886]])
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Edgar Selwyn]], American screenwriter (b. [[1875]])
* [[February 16]]
** [[Carl August Ehrensvärd (1858-1944)|Carl August Ehrensvärd]], Swedish admiral (b. [[1858]])
** [[Henri Nathansen]], Danish writer and director (b. [[1868]])
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Valentin Kotyk]], [[Soviet partisans|partisan]] scout, the youngest-ever [[Hero of Soviet Union]] (killed in action) (b. [[1930]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[David Griffin (athlete)|David Griffin]], Royal Canadian Air Force flying officer, Olympic athlete, and journalist (b. [[1905]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.veterans.gc.ca/en/remembrance/memorials/canadian-virtual-war-memorial/detail/2954007|title=Flying Officer David Francis Griffin|date=January 29, 2024|website=Canadian Virtual War Memorial|publisher=[[Veterans Affairs Canada]]|location=Ottawa, Ontario|access-date=March 13, 2025}}</ref>
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Ferenc Szisz]], Hungarian-born race car driver (b. [[1873]])
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Leo Baekeland]], Belgian-born American chemist (b. [[1863]])
* [[February 24]] &ndash; [[Fanny Clar]], French journalist and writer (b. [[1875]])
* [[February 29]] &ndash; [[Pehr Evind Svinhufvud]], Finnish politician, 1st [[Prime Minister of Finland|Prime Minister]] and 3rd [[President of Finland]] (b. [[1861]])

===March===
[[File:PaulEmileJanson.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Paul-Émile Janson]]]]
[[File:Otto von Below LOC.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Otto von Below]]]]
*[[March 3]] &ndash; [[Paul-Émile Janson]], Belgian politician, 30th [[Prime Minister of Belgium]] (b. [[1872]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Louis Buchalter]], Jewish-born American mobster, head of Murder, Inc. (executed) (b. [[1897]])
* [[March 5]]
**[[Max Jacob]], French poet (b. [[1876]])
**[[Neel E. Kearby]], American fighter ace (killed in action) (b. [[1911]])
*[[March 8]] – [[Xu Zonghan]], Chinese medical doctor, politician and revolutionary (b. [[1877]])
* [[March 9]] &ndash; [[Demetrios Capetanakis]], Greek poet, essayist and critic (b. [[1912]])
* [[March 11]]
** [[Hendrik Willem van Loon]], Dutch-born American historian, journalist and writer (b. [[1882]])
** [[Irvin S. Cobb]], American writer (b. [[1876]])
* [[March 15]]
**[[Otto von Below]], German general (b. [[1857]])
**[[Mariya Oktyabrskaya]], Soviet national hero (b. [[1905]])
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Mario Bravo]], Argentinian politician and writer (b. [[1882]])
* [[March 19]]
** [[Giuseppe de Liguoro]], Italian actor and director (b. [[1869]])
** [[Noël Édouard, vicomte de Curières de Castelnau]], French general (b. [[1851]])
* [[March 22]] &ndash; [[Pierre Brossolette]], journalist and French Resistance fighter (b. [[1903]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Myron Selznick]], American film producer (b. [[1898]])
* [[March 24]]
** [[Pietro Pappagallo]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest and blessed (b. [[1888]])
** [[Orde Wingate]], British soldier (b. [[1903]])
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Omelyan Kovch]], Soviet [[Roman Catholic]] and Greek [[Orthodox priest]], martyr and blessed (b. [[1884]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Stephen Leacock]], British-born Canadian humorist, author and economist (b. [[1869]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-Leacock|title=Stephen Leacock &#124; Canadian author &#124; Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=March 24, 2024 }}</ref>
* [[March 31]]
** [[Antoni Kiewnarski]], Polish WWII hero (b. [[1899]])
** [[Mineichi Koga]], Japanese admiral (b. [[1885]])
** [[Włodzimierz Kolanowski]], Polish army officer (b. [[1913]])

===April===
[[File:Retrato do Dr. Bernardino Machado.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bernardino Machado]]]]
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Sharifzyan Kazanbaev]], Soviet army officer (b. [[1916]])
* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[John Batchelor (missionary)|John Batchelor]], British missionary and reverend (b. [[1855]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Yevgeniya Rudneva]], Soviet WWII heroine (b. [[1920]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Bartolomeo Gosio]], Italian scientist (b. [[1863]])
* [[April 15]]
** [[Giovanni Gentile]], Italian philosopher and Fascist politician (assassinated) (b. [[1875]])
** [[Nikolai Vatutin]], Soviet military commander, commander of the [[1st Ukrainian Front]], [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] (b. [[1901]])
* [[April 17]] &ndash; [[J. T. Hearne]], English cricketer (b. [[1867]])
* [[April 21]] &ndash; [[Hans-Valentin Hube]], German army general (b. [[1890]])
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[Charles Jordan (magician)|Charles Jordan]], American magician (b. [[1888]])
* [[April 25]] &ndash; [[George Herriman]], American cartoonist (b. [[1880]])
* [[April 28]]
** [[Mohammed Alim Khan]], [[Emir of Bukhara]] (b. [[1880]])
** [[Frank Knox]], American Secretary of the Navy during WWII (b. [[1874]])
* [[April 29]]
** [[Billy Bitzer]], American cinematographer (b. [[1874]])
** [[Bernardino Machado]], Portuguese political figure, 2-time [[Prime Minister of Portugal]] and 2-time [[President of Portugal]], leader of the [[World War I]] (b. [[1851]])
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[Paul Poiret]], French couturier (b. [[1879]])

===May===
[[File:Leon Kozłowski.PNG|100px|thumb|[[Leon Kozłowski]]]]
[[File:Edel Quinn.png|100px|thumb|[[Edel Quinn]]]]
[[File:Патриарх Сергий.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Patriarch Sergius of Moscow]]]]
[[File:Thomas Curtis.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Thomas Curtis (athlete)|Thomas Curtis]]]]
* [[May 5]] &ndash; [[Bertha Benz]], German automotive pioneer, wife and business partner of automobile inventor Karl Benz (b. [[1849]])
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[William Ledyard Rodgers]], American admiral and military and naval historian (b. [[1860]])
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Leon Kozłowski]], Polish archaeologist and politician, 25th [[Prime Minister of Poland]] (b. [[1892]])
* [[May 12]]
** [[Max Brand]], American author (b. [[1892]])
** [[Harold Lowe]], British sailor, 5th officer of the [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']] (b. [[1882]])
** [[Arthur Quiller-Couch]], British writer and academic (b. [[1863]])
** [[Edel Quinn]], Irish [[Roman Catholic]] laywoman, missionary and venerable (b. [[1907]])
* [[May 15]] &ndash; Patriarch [[Patriarch Sergius of Moscow|Sergius I]] (b. [[1867]])
* [[May 16]]
** [[George Ade]], American author (b. [[1866]])
** [[Filip Mișea]], Aromanian activist, physician and politician (b. 1873)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://opiniabuzau.ro/celebritati-medicale-buzoiene/|title=Celebrități medicale buzoiene / Doctor Mișea Filip, creatorul secției de contagioase a Spitalului Gârlași|first=Anghel C.|last=Tudor|newspaper=Opinia Buzău|date=10 April 2019|language=ro}}</ref>
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Milena Jesenská]], Czechoslovakian journalist, writer, editor and translator (b. [[1896]])
* [[May 20]]
** [[Fraser Barron]], New Zealand bomber pilot during WWII (b. [[1921]])
** [[Eugenio Colorni]], Italian philosopher and activist (b. [[1909]])
** [[Vincent Rose]], American musician and band leader (b. [[1880]])
* [[May 21]]
**[[Edmund Mortimer (actor)|Edmund Mortimer]], American actor and director (b. [[1874]])
**[[Li Jiayu]], Chinese general of the [[National Revolutionary Army]] (b. [[1892]])
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Thomas Curtis (athlete)|Thomas Curtis]], American Olympic athlete (b. [[1873]])
* [[May 24]]
** [[Inigo Campioni]], Italian admiral (executed) (b. [[1878]])
** [[Matsuji Ijuin]], Japanese admiral (killed in action) (b. [[1893]])
** [[Luigi Mascherpa]], Italian admiral (executed) (b. [[1893]])
** [[Harold Bell Wright]], American writer (b. [[1872]])
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Clark Daniel Stearns]], 9th [[Governor of American Samoa]] (b. [[1870]])
* [[May 30]]
** Patriarch [[Mesrob I Naroyan of Constantinople]] (b. [[1875]])
** [[Jessie Ralph]], American actress (b. [[1864]])

===June===
[[File:Berinkey Dénes.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Dénes Berinkey]]]]
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Józef Beck]], Polish statesman (b. [[1894]])
* [[June 6]]
** [[Joseph Campbell (poet)|Joseph Campbell]], Northern Irish poet and lyricist (b. [[1879]])
** [[Wilhelm Falley]], German general (killed in action) (b. [[1897]])
** [[Don Pratt]], American general (killed in action) (b. [[1892]])
** [[Ker-Xavier Roussel]], French painter (b. [[1867]])
* [[June 12]] &ndash; [[Erich Marcks]], German general (b. [[1891]])
* [[June 16]]
** [[Marc Bloch]], French historian (b. [[1886]])
** [[Prafulla Chandra Ray|Sir Prafulla Chandra Ray]], Indian chemist (b. [[1861]])
** [[George Stinney]], a 14-year-old African-American boy convicted of murder in his hometown of [[Alcolu, South Carolina]]. Executed by [[electric chair]]. (b. [[1929]])
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Harry Fielding Reid]], American geophysicist and seismologist (b. [[1859]])
* [[June 25]]
** [[Dénes Berinkey]], 21st [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (b. [[1871]])
** [[Lucha Reyes (Mexican singer)|Lucha Reyes]], Mexican singer (b. [[1906]])
** [[María Chinchilla Recinos]], Guatemalan teacher (b. [[1909]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Milan Hodža]], Slovak politician, champion of regional integration in Europe (b. [[1878]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Anton Breinl]], Australian medical practitioner and researcher (b. [[1880]])

===July===
[[File:Carl-mayer.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Carl Mayer]]]]
[[File:LC-DIG-ggbain-37582.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Theodore Roosevelt Jr.]]]]
[[File:Сестра Тарсикія Мацьків.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Tarsykiya Matskiv]]]]
[[File:Reza shah uniform.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Reza Shah]]]]
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Carl Mayer]], Austrian-born screenwriter (cancer) (b. [[1894]])
* [[July 6]]
** [[Andrée Borrel]], French World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1919]])
** [[Vera Leigh]], British World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1903]])
** [[Chūichi Nagumo]], Japanese admiral (suicide) (b. [[1887]])
** [[Sonya Olschanezky]], German World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1923]])
** [[Diana Rowden]], British World War II heroine (executed) (b. [[1915]])
* [[July 7]] 
** [[Georges Mandel]], French politician and WWII hero (executed) (b. [[1885]])
** [[Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch]], American dentist (b. [[1882]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bakersfield.com/bakersfield-life/dr-leonie-von-meusebach-zesch-adventurous-female-dentist-made-friends-throughout-kern-county/article_75456efc-87be-11ec-af70-337ef0200736.html|title=Dr. Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch: Adventurous female dentist made friends throughout Kern County|first=CLAUDIA|last=ELLIOTT|website=The Bakersfield Californian|date=February 26, 2022 }}</ref>
* [[July 8]]
** [[George B. Seitz]], American director (b. [[1888]])
** [[Takeo Takagi]], Japanese admiral (killed in action) (b. [[1892]])
* [[July 9]]
** [[Ingvar Fredrik Håkansson]], Swedish pilot (killed in action) (b. [[1920]])
** [[Kent Rogers]], American voice actor (killed in military aircraft accident) (b. [[1923]])
* [[July 12]]
** [[Jesus Baza Duenas]], Guamese [[Roman Catholic]] priest, martyr and blessed (executed) (b. [[1911]])
** [[Theodore Roosevelt Jr.]], American Brigadier General, political and business leader (heart attack) (b. [[1887]])
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[Asmahan]], Syrian-born Egyptian singer (automobile accident) (b. [[1912]])
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Joseph Sadi-Lecointe]], French aviator (died from effects of torture) (b. [[1891]])
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Moncena Dunn (inventor)|Moncena Dunn]], American inventor (b. [[1867]])
* [[July 17]] 
** [[Tarsykiya Matskiv]], Soviet [[Eastern Catholic]] religious sister and blessed (killed) (b. [[1919]])
** [[William James Sidis]], American mathematician and linguist (cerebral hemorrhage) (b. [[1898]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/william-sidis?utm_content=cmp-true|title=William Sidis|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}</ref>
* [[July 18]]
** [[Augusto De Angelis]], Italian writer and journalist (b. [[1888]])
** [[George Holt (actor)|George Holt]], American actor and director (b. [[1878]])
** [[Rex Whistler]], British painter (killed in action) (b. [[1905]])
* [[July 20]]
** [[Ludwig Beck]], German general, former Chief of the German General Staff and resistance member (assisted suicide) (b. [[1880]])
** [[Mildred Harris]], American actress (complications following surgery) (b. [[1901]]) <ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Mildred Harris Dies In West |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=vGkxAAAAIBAJ&pg=7265,295518&dq=mildred+harris+dies&hl=en |quote=... actress in the silent film days, and first wife of Comedian Charles Spencer Chaplin, died yesterday of pneumonia which followed a major abdominal operation....|newspaper=[[St. Petersburg Times]] |date=July 21, 1944 |access-date=2021-11-29 }}</ref>
** [[Günther Korten]], German colonel-general, chief of staff of the Luftwaffe (died of injuries received in assassination attempt on Hitler) (b. [[1898]])
** [[Claus von Stauffenberg]], German resistance leader (executed) (b. [[1907]])
* [[July 21]]
** [[Heinz Brandt]], German officer (b. [[1907]])
** [[Werner von Haeften]], German resistance member (executed) (b. [[1908]])
** [[Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim]], German resistance leader (b. [[1905]])
** [[Hans-Ulrich von Oertzen]], German resistance member (suicide) (b. [[1915]])
** [[Friedrich Olbricht]], German resistance leader (b. [[1888]])
** [[Henning von Tresckow]], German general and resistance leader (suicide) (b. [[1901]])
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[Eduard Wagner]], German general and resistance member (suicide) (b. [[1894]])
* [[July 25]]
** [[Lesley J. McNair]], American general (b. [[1883]])
** [[Jakob von Uexküll]], Baltic German biologist (b. [[1864]])
* [[July 26]]
** [[Clóvis Beviláqua]], Brazilian jurist, historian and journalist (b. [[1859]])
** [[Wessel Freytag von Loringhoven]], German resistance member (suicide) (b. [[1899]])
** [[Takakazu Kinashi]], Japanese submarine commander (killed in action) (b. [[1902]])
** [[Reza Shah]], 20th [[Prime Minister of Iran]] and [[Pahlavi dynasty|Shah of Iran]] (b. [[1878]])
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Perry McGillivray]], American Olympic swimmer (b. [[1893]])
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Werner Schrader]], German resistance member (suicide) (b. [[1895]])
* [[July 30]]
**[[Nikolai Polikarpov]], Soviet aeronautical engineer and aircraft designer (cancer) (b. [[1892]])
**[[Lee Powell (actor)|Lee Powell]], American actor (killed in action) (b. [[1908]])
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Antoine de Saint-Exupéry]], French pilot and children's writer (missing on active service) (b. [[1900]])

===August===
[[File:J%C4%99drzej Moraczewski.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jędrzej Moraczewski]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2008-0184, Berlin, Berthold Schenk Graf v. Stauffenberg.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg]]]]
[[File:Lt. Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. Navy.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.]]]]
[[File:Teresa Bracco.jpg|thumb|100px|Blessed [[Teresa Bracco]]]]
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[Manuel L. Quezon]], Filipino statesman, soldier and politician, 2nd [[President of the Philippines]] (b. [[1878]])
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Kakuji Kakuta]], Japanese admiral (b. [[1890]])
* [[August 4]] &ndash; [[Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński]], Polish poet (b. [[1921]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Jędrzej Moraczewski]], Polish politician, 2nd [[Prime Minister of Poland]] (b. [[1870]])
* [[August 7]] 
** [[Agustín Barrios]], Paraguayan guitarist and composer (b. [[1885]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://classicalguitarmagazine.com/the-unsung-years-it-took-many-years-for-barrios-to-get-his-due/|title=The Unsung Years: It Took Many Years for Barrios to Get his Due|website=Classical Guitar|date=March 5, 2019 }}</ref>
** [[Jadwiga Falkowska]], Polish teacher and activist (b. [[1889]])
* [[August 8]]
** [[Robert Bernardis]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1908]])
** [[Albrecht von Hagen]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1904]])
** [[Paul von Hase]], German general and resistance leader (executed) (b. [[1885]])
** [[Erich Hoepner]], German colonel-general and resistance leader (executed) (b. [[1886]])
** [[Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski]], Polish journalist and novelist (b. [[1885]])
** [[Hellmuth Stieff]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1901]])
** [[Michael Wittmann]], German tank commander (killed in action) (b. [[1914]])
** [[Erwin von Witzleben]], German field marshal and resistance leader (executed) (b. [[1881]])
** [[Peter Yorck von Wartenburg]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1904]])
* [[August 9]] &ndash; [[Felix Nussbaum]], German painter (b. [[1904]])
* [[August 10]]
** [[Alfred Kranzfelder]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1908]])
** [[Fritz-Dietlof von der Schulenburg]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1902]])
** [[Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg]], Nazi opponent and lawyer (b. [[1905]])
** [[Hans Albrecht, Hereditary Prince of Schleswig-Holstein]] (b. [[1917]])
* [[August 11]]
** [[Francesco Federico Falco]], Italian doctor (b. [[1866]])
** [[Hideyoshi Obata]], Japanese general (b. [[1890]])
* [[August 12]]
** [[Jose Garvida Flores]], Filipino writer, poet and playwright (b. [[1900]])
** [[Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.]], American fighter pilot, oldest son of [[Joseph P. Kennedy]] (b. [[1915]])
** [[Suzanne Spaak]], Belgian World War II heroine (b. [[1905]])
* [[August 15]]
** [[Egbert Hayessen]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1913]])
** [[Hans Bernd von Haeften]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1905]])
** [[Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorff]], German police chief and resistance fighter (b. [[1896]])
* [[August 17]]
** [[Franciszek Brodniewicz]], Polish actor (b. [[1892]])
** [[Eugénio de Castro]], Portuguese poet and writer (b. [[1869]])
* [[August 18]]
** [[Eugeniusz Horbaczewski]], Polish pilot (b. [[1917]])
** [[Ernst Thälmann]], German Communist leader (executed) (b. [[1886]])
* [[August 19]]
** [[Günther von Kluge]], German field marshal (suicide) (b. [[1882]])
** [[Henry Wood|Sir Henry Wood]], British conductor (b. [[1869]])
* [[August 21]]
** [[Friedrich Gustav Jaeger]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1895]])
** [[Maciej Kalenkiewicz]], Polish engineer and military officer (b. [[1906]])
** [[Marian Lalewicz]], Polish architect (b. [[1876]])
* [[August 23]]
** [[Aleksander Augustynowicz]], Polish painter (b. [[1865]])
** [[Abdülmecid II]], last Caliph of the Ottoman Empire (b. [[1868]])
** [[Nikolai Roslavets]], Soviet composer (b. [[1880]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Carlo Emanuele Buscaglia]], Italian aviator (b. [[1915]])
* [[August 25]] &ndash; [[Teresio Vittorio Martinoli]], Italian pilot (b. [[1917]])
* [[August 26]]
** [[Hans Georg Klamroth]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1898]])
** [[Otto Kiep]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1886]])
** [[Hans Leesment]], Estonian general (b. [[1873]])
** [[Ludwig Freiherr von Leonrod]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1906]])
** [[Adam von Trott zu Solz]], German diplomat and resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1909]])
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Carlo Fecia di Cossato]], Italian navy officer (b. [[1908]])
* [[August 28]]
** [[Teresa Bracco]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious sister and blessed (killed in battle) (b. [[1924]])
** [[Rudolf Breitscheid]], German politician (b. [[1874]])
** [[Bronislaw Kaminski]], Polish army officer (b. [[1899]])
** [[Princess Mafalda of Savoy]] (b. [[1902]])
* [[August 30]]
** [[Moissaye Boguslawski]], American pianist and composer (b. [[1887]])
** [[Eberhard Finckh]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1899]])
** [[Hans Otfried von Linstow]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1899]])
** [[Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel]], German general and resistance leader (b. [[1886]])

===September===
[[File:Robert Benoist Monza 1927 (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Robert Benoist]]]]
[[File:Joseph Mueller (Priester).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Joseph Müller (priest)|Joseph Müller]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-J0113-0500-001, Gustav Bauer(cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Gustav Bauer]]]]
[[File:Hendrik Colijn (1925).jpg|100px|thumb|[[Hendrikus Colijn]]]]
[[File:David Dougal Williams (artist).jpg|100px|thumb|[[David Dougal Williams]]]]
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Krystyna Dąbrowska]], Polish sculptor and painter (b. [[1906]])
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Maria Vetulani de Nisau]], Polish soldier (b. [[1898]])
*[[September 3]] – [[Friedrich Alpers]], German Nazi politician and general (b. [[1901]])
* [[September 4]]
** [[Erich Fellgiebel]], German general and resistance fighter (b. [[1886]])
** [[Heinrich Graf von Lehndorff-Steinort]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1909]])
** [[Fritz Thiele]], German general and resistance fighter (b. [[1894]])
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[Gustave Biéler]], Swiss WWII hero (b. [[1904]])
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Jan Franciszek Czartoryski]], Polish [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] friar, martyr and blessed (b. [[1897]])
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Eduardo Sánchez de Fuentes]], Cuban composer (b. [[1897]])
* [[September 8]]
** [[Georg Hansen]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1904]])
** [[Ulrich von Hassell]],  German diplomat and resistance fighter (b. [[1881]])
** [[Paul Lejeune-Jung]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1882]])
** [[Ulrich Wilhelm Graf Schwerin von Schwanenfeld]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1902]])
** [[Günther Smend]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1912]])
** [[Josef Wirmer]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1901]])
* [[September 11]] 
** [[Robert Benoist]], French race car driver and war hero (b. [[1895]])
** [[Joseph Müller (priest)|Joseph Müller]], German [[Roman Catholic]] priest and Servant of God (executed) (b. [[1894]])
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Robert Fiske (actor)|Robert Fiske]], American actor (b. [[1889]])
* [[September 13]]
** [[Yolande Beekman]], French WWII heroine (executed) (b. [[1911]])
** [[Madeleine Damerment]], French WWII heroine (executed) (b. [[1917]])
** [[Noor Inayat Khan]], Indian WWII heroine (executed) (b. [[1914]])
** [[Eliane Plewman]], British WWII heroine (executed) (b. [[1917]])
** [[W. Heath Robinson]], British cartoonist and illustrator (b. [[1872]])
* [[September 14]]
** [[Heinrich Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1882]])
** [[John Kenneth Macalister]], Canadian WWII hero (b. [[1914]])
** [[Michael Graf von Matuschka]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1888]])
** [[Frank Pickersgill]], Canadian WWII hero (b. [[1915]])
** [[Roméo Sabourin]], Canadian WWII hero (b. [[1923]])
** [[Nikolaus von Üxküll-Gyllenband]], German resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1877]])
** [[Hermann Josef Wehrle]], German Catholic priest and resistance member (executed) (b. [[1899]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[Gustav Bauer]], 11th [[Chancellor of Germany]] (b. [[1870]])
* [[September 18]]
** [[Hendrikus Colijn]], Dutch policeman, politician and businessman, 25th [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] (b. [[1869]])
** [[Anton Saefkow]], German communist (executed) (b. [[1903]])
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Guy Gibson]], British bomber pilot (b. [[1918]])
* [[September 20]] – [[Friedrich Boedicker]], German admiral (b. [[1866]])
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Fritz Lindemann]], German army officer (died of wounds) (b. [[1894]])
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Matylda Palfyova]], Czechoslovakian artistic gymnast (b. [[1912]])
* [[September 25]]
** [[Walter Breisky]], Austrian civil servant, acting [[Chancellor of Austria]] (b. [[1871]])
** [[Eugeniusz Lokajski]], Polish athlete, gymnast and photographer (b. [[1909]])
** [[Leo Chiozza Money]], Italian-British economist and politician (b. [[1870]])
* [[September 27]]
** [[Aimee Semple McPherson]], Canadian-American Pentecostal evangelist (b. [[1890]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Bahr|first=Robert|title=Least of All Saints: the Story of Aimee Semple McPherson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4wcAAAAMAAJ|year=1979|publisher=Prentice-Hall|location=Englewood Cliffs|isbn=978-0-13-527978-6|oclc=4493103}}</ref>
** [[Aristide Maillol]], French sculptor and painter (b. [[1861]])
** [[David Dougal Williams]], British painter (b. [[1888]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Josef Bürckel]], German Nazi gauleiter (b. [[1895]])
* [[September 29]]
** [[Otto Herfurth]], German general and resistance fighter (b. [[1893]])
** [[Wilhelm Leuschner]] German politician and resistance fighter (b. [[1890]])
** [[Joachim Meichssner]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1906]])
** [[Joachim Sadrozinski]], German resistance fighter (b. [[1907]])

===October===
[[File:Stefanina Moro.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Stefanina Moro]]]]
[[File:Ramoncastillo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ramón Castillo]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1977-018-13A, Erwin Rommel(brighter).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Erwin Rommel]]]]
[[File:Jose de la Riva Aguero y Osma.jpg|thumb|100px|[[José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma]]]]
* [[October 1]]
** [[Max Ehrlich]], German actor, screenwriter and humor writer (b. [[1892]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://holocaustmusic.ort.org/places/camps/western-europe/westerbork/max-ehrlich/|title=Max Ehrlich|website=holocaustmusic.ort.org}}</ref>
** [[William Mulock|Sir William Mulock]], Canadian lawyer, politician and businessman (b. [[1843]])
** [[Rudolf Schmundt]], German general (b. [[1896]])
* [[October 2]]
** [[Benjamin Fondane]], Romanian-French Symbolist poet, critic and existentialist philosopher (gassed in [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]) (b. [[1898]])
** [[Julián Felipe]], Filipino musician and bandleader (b. [[1861]])
** [[Maeda Toshisada]], Japanese politician (b. [[1874]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Al Smith]], American politician (b. [[1873]])
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Prince Gustav of Denmark]] (b. [[1887]])
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Wendell Willkie]], American politician (b. [[1892]])
* [[October 9]]
** [[Kitty Marion]], German-born actress and women's rights activist in England and the United States (b. [[1871]])
** [[Stefanina Moro]], Italian resistance member (b. [[1927]])
* [[October 12]]
** [[Ramón Castillo]], Argentinian politician, 25th [[President of Argentina]] (b. [[1873]])
** [[Carl Langbehn]], German resistance member (b. [[1901]])
** [[Rudolf von Marogna-Redwitz]], German resistance member (b. [[1886]])
* [[October 13]]
** [[Hans-Jürgen von Blumenthal]], German resistance member (b. [[1907]])
** [[Roland von Hößlin]], German resistance member (b. [[1915]])
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[Erwin Rommel]], German field marshal (b. [[1891]])
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[Anton Hafner]], German aviator (b. [[1918]])
* [[October 18]]
** [[Alexander, Prince of Erbach-Schönberg]] (b. [[1872]])
** [[Josef Maria Eder]], Austrian chemist (b. [[1855]])
* [[October 19]]
** [[Isadore Bernstein]], American screenwriter (b. [[1876]])
** [[Deneys Reitz]], South African soldier and diplomat (b. [[1882]])
* [[October 20]]
** [[Eduard Brücklmeier]], German diplomat and resistance member (b. [[1903]])
** [[Hermann Maaß]], German politician and resistance member (b. [[1897]])
** [[Adolf Reichwein]], German politician and resistance member (b. [[1898]])
* [[October 21]] 
** [[Nell Brinkley]], American illustrator and comic artist (b. [[1886]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.askart.com/artist/Nell_Brinkley/70374/Nell_Brinkley.aspx|title=Nell Brinkley - Biography|website=www.askart.com}}</ref>
** [[Hilma af Klint]], Swedish abstract painter (b. [[1862]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Richard Bennett (actor)|Richard Bennett]], American actor (b. [[1870]])
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Charles Glover Barkla]], British physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1877]])
* [[October 24]]
** [[Louis Renault (industrialist)|Louis Renault]], French industrialist, founder of ''[[Renault]]'' (b. [[1877]])
** [[Karl Freiherr von Thüngen]], German general and resistance member (executed) (b. [[1893]])
* [[October 25]] 
** [[Shōji Nishimura]], Japanese vice admiral (b. [[1889]])
** [[José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma]], Peruvian historian, writer and politician, 84th [[Prime Minister of Peru]] (b. [[1885]])
** [[Yukio Seki]], Japanese kamikaze pilot (b. [[1921]])
* [[October 26]]
** [[Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom]], youngest and last surviving child of [[Queen Victoria]] (b. [[1857]])
** [[Hiroyoshi Nishizawa]], Japanese fighter ace (b. [[1920]])
** [[William Temple (bishop)|William Temple]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] (b. [[1881]])
* [[October 27]] – [[Judith Auer]], German World War II resistance fighter (b. [[1905]])
* [[October 31]]
**  [[Henrietta Crosman]], American actress (b. [[1861]])
** [[Joseph Hubert Priestley]], British botanist (b. [[1883]])<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Prof. J. H. Priestley|first=W. H.|last=Pearsall|date=December 21, 1944|journal=Nature|volume=154|issue=3918|pages=694|doi=10.1038/154694a0|bibcode=1944Natur.154..694P |s2cid=3998725 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

===November===
[[File:Andrzej Szeptycki (a).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Andrey Sheptytsky]]]]
[[File:Carl Lampert (1918).jpg|thumb|100px|Blessed [[Carl Lampert]]]]
[[File:(Joseph Caillaux) - (photographie de presse) - (Agence Rol).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Joseph Caillaux]]]]
[[File:Florence Foster Jenkins.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Florence Foster Jenkins]]]]
* [[November 1]]
** [[Ismael Pérez Pazmiño]], Ecuadoran journalist and politician (b. [[1876]])
** [[Andrey Sheptytsky]], Soviet [[Eastern Catholic]] archbishop and venerable (b. [[1865]])
* [[November 2]]
** [[Karol Irzykowski]], Polish writer (b. [[1873]])
** [[Thomas Midgley Jr.]], American chemist and inventor (b. [[1889]])
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[John Dill|Sir John Dill]], British field marshal (b. [[1881]])
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Alexis Carrel]], French surgeon and biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1873]])
* [[November 7]]
** [[Max Bergmann]], German biochemist (b. [[1886]])
** [[Richard Sorge]], German-born Soviet spy, executed (b. [[1895]])
** [[Hannah Szenes]], Hungarian World War II heroine, poet, executed (b. [[1921]])
* [[November 10]]
** [[Wang Jingwei]], Chinese statesman, President of the Nanjing-based and Japanese-supported collaborationist Government of the Republic of China (b. [[1883]])
** [[Friedrich-Werner Graf von der Schulenburg]], German diplomat and resistance member (b. 1875)
* [[November 12]]
** [[George David Birkhoff]], American mathematician (b. [[1884]])<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-David-Birkhoff George David Birkhoff
American mathematician]</ref>
** [[George Houston (actor)|George Houston]], American actor (b. [[1896]])
** [[Otto Frank (physiologist)|Otto Frank]], German physiologist (b. [[1865]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per380|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091115072637/http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per380|url-status=live|archive-date=November 15, 2009|title=Frank, Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Otto|accessdate=April 15, 2023}}</ref>
* [[November 13]]
** [[Carl Lampert]], Austrian [[Roman Catholic]] priest and blessed (b. [[1894]])
** [[Friedrich Lorenz]], German [[Roman Catholic]] priest and blessed (b. [[1897]])
* [[November 14]]
** [[Walter Cramer]], German resistance member (b. 1886)
** [[Trafford Leigh-Mallory|Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory]], British aviator and Royal Air Force Air Chief Marshal (b. [[1892]])
** [[Bernhard Letterhaus]], German trade unionist and resistance member (b. 1894)
** [[Ferdinand von Lüninck]], German politician and resistance member (b. 1888)
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Maria Rodziewiczówna]], Polish writer (b. [[1863]])
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[Ignacio Bolívar]], Spanish naturalist and entomologist (b. [[1850]])
* [[November 22]]
** [[Joseph Caillaux]], French politician, 57th [[Prime Minister of France]] (b. [[1863]])
** [[Arthur Eddington|Sir Arthur Eddington]], British astronomer, physicist and mathematician (b. [[1882]])
** [[Sadakichi Hartmann]], Japanese-born American critic and poet (b. [[1867]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/sadakichi-hartmann|title=Sadakichi Hartmann|first=Poetry|last=Foundation|date=June 14, 2022|website=Poetry Foundation}}</ref>
** [[Johan Pitka]], Estonian entrepreneur, sea captain and admiral (b. [[1872]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Kenesaw Mountain Landis]], 1st commissioner of [[Major League Baseball]] (b. [[1866]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Florence Foster Jenkins]], American socialite and singer (b. [[1868]])
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Lilo Gloeden]], German resistance member (b. 1903)

===December===
[[File:Prince_Andrew_of_Greece.JPG|thumb|right|100px|[[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]]]]
[[File:Vassily-Kandinsky.jpeg|thumb|right|100px|[[Wassily Kandinsky]]]]
[[File:Lupe Vélez in 1941.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Lupe Vélez]]]]
[[File:Sara Salkahazi.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Blessed [[Sára Salkaházi]]]]
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Franciszek Pius Radziwiłł]], Polish nobleman and activist (b. [[1878]])
* [[December 2]]
** [[Filippo Tommaso Marinetti]], Italian poet, editor and art theorist, founder of the [[Futurism|Futurist]] movement (b. [[1876]])
** [[Josef Lhévinne]], Soviet pianist (b. [[1874]])
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]] (b. [[1882]])
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[Roger Bresnahan]], American baseball player and member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1879]])
* [[December 9]] &ndash; [[Laird Cregar]], American actor (b. [[1913]])
* [[December 11]] &ndash; [[Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (1919-1944)|Montgomery Cunningham Meigs]], American WWII hero (b. [[1919]])
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Bernard Chrzanowski]], Polish activist (b. [[1861]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Wassily Kandinsky]], Russian-born Polish artist (b. [[1866]])
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Lupe Vélez]], Mexican actress, dancer and singer (b. [[1908]])
* [[December 15]] &ndash; [[Glenn Miller]], American band leader (accident) (b. [[1904]])
* [[December 19]] &ndash; King [[Abbas II of Egypt]] (b. [[1874]])
* [[December 20]]
** [[Caesar von Hofacker]], German resistance member (b. 1896)
** [[Fritz Pfeffer]], German-Dutch housemate of [[Anne Frank]] (b. [[1889]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.annefrank.org/en/anne-frank/main-characters/fritz-pfeffer/|title=Fritz Pfeffer}}</ref>
** [[Carl Wentzel]], German resistance member (b. 1875)
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Harry Langdon]], American comedian (b. [[1884]])
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[George Bellamy (actor)|George Bellamy]], British actor (b. [[1866]])
* [[December 27]]
** [[Amy Beach]], American pianist and composer (b. [[1867]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amybeach.org/|title=AMY BEACH (1867-1944)|website=AMY BEACH (1867-1944)}}</ref>
** [[Peter Deunov]], Bulgarian spiritual teacher (b. [[1864]])
** [[Sára Salkaházi]], Hungarian [[Roman Catholic]] religious sister and blessed (b. [[1899]])
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[Romain Rolland]], French writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1866]])
* [[December 31]]
**[[Vicente Lim]], Filipino general of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] (b. [[1888]])
**[[Ruth Hanna McCormick]], American politician, activist and publisher (b. [[1880]])

==Nobel Prizes==
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] &ndash; [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] &ndash; [[Otto Hahn]]<ref>{{cite web |title=6 Women Scientists Who Were Snubbed Due to Sexism |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/5/130519-women-scientists-overlooked-dna-history-science/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903184929/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/5/130519-women-scientists-overlooked-dna-history-science/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 3, 2019 |website=National Geographic News |access-date=19 January 2021 |language=en |date=19 May 2013}}</ref>
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] &ndash; [[Joseph Erlanger]], [[Herbert Spencer Gasser]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] &ndash; [[Johannes V. Jensen]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] &ndash; [[International Committee of the Red Cross]]

==References==
{{Reflist|32em}}

{{Events by month links}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1944}}
[[Category:1944| ]]
[[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]