View source for Kibō (ISS module)

{{Short description|Japanese ISS module, used on ISS press conferences}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox space station module
| spelling               = gb
| module                 = ''Kibō''
| module_image           = Japanese Experiment Module exterior - cropped.jpg
| module_image_caption   = ''Kibō'' showing its main pressurized module, logistics module, exposed facility, and robotic arm, as seen by {{OV|105}} on [[STS-134]]
| station                = [[International Space Station]]
| launch                 = {{Unbulleted indent list 
  | ELM-PS: 11 March 2008, 06:28:14{{nbsp}}[[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]
  | PM: 31 May 2008, 21:02:12{{nbsp}}UTC
  | EF: 15 July 2009, 22:03{{nbsp}}UTC
  }}
| launch_vehicle         = {{OV|105}} and {{OV|103|full=no}}
| berthed                = 14 March 2008 ([[Harmony (ISS module)|''Harmony'']]&nbsp;port)
| mass                   = {{cvt|24200|kg}}
| length                 = {{Unbulleted indent list
  | PM: {{cvt|11.2|m}}
  | ELM-PS: {{cvt|4.2|m}}
  }}
| width                  = 
| height                 = 
| diameter               = {{cvt|4.4|m}}
| volume                 = 
| stats_ref              = 
| configuration_image    = Japanese Experiment Module Kibo.jpg
| configuration_size     = 
| configuration_caption  = 
}}

{{Nihongo|'''''Kibō'''''|きぼう||{{lit|Hope}}|lead=yes}}, also known as the '''Japanese Experiment Module''' (JEM), is a Japanese science module for the [[International Space Station]] (ISS) developed by [[JAXA]]. It is the largest single ISS module, and is attached to the [[Harmony (ISS module)|''Harmony'']] module. The first two pieces of the module were launched on [[Space Shuttle]] missions [[STS-123]] and [[STS-124]]. The third and final components were launched on [[STS-127]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090630i1.html|title=Japan a low-key player in space race|publisher=[[Japan Times]] |first=Setsuko|last=Kamiya|page=3|date=30 June 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803053741/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090630i1.html|archive-date=3 August 2009}}</ref>

== Components ==
In initial configuration, ''Kibō'' consisted of six major elements:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kibo/about/kibo/ |title=Major Component |date=29 August 2008 |publisher=JAXA |access-date=23 March 2021}}</ref>
* Pressurized Module (PM)
* Exposed Facility (EF)
* Experiment Logistics Module (ELM) Pressurized Section (ELM-PS)
* Experiment Logistics Module (ELM) Exposed Section (ELM-ES)
* Japanese Experiment Module remote manipulator system (JEMRMS)
* Inter-orbit communication system (ICS)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kibo.jaxa.jp/en/about/|title=About Kibo|publisher=JAXA|date=25 September 2008|access-date=6 March 2009|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310171550/http://kibo.jaxa.jp/en/about/|archive-date=10 March 2009}}</ref>

=== Pressurized Module ===
[[File:Kibo PM interior.jpg|thumb|right|Interior of the pressurized module]]

The Pressurized Module (PM) is the core component connected to the port hatch of [[Harmony (ISS module)|''Harmony'']]. It is cylindrical in shape and contains twenty-three [[International Standard Payload Rack]]s (ISPRs), ten of which are dedicated to science experiments while the remaining thirteen are dedicated to ''Kibō''{{'}}s systems and storage.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/jem.html|title=Kibo Japanese Experiment Module|publisher=NASA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081023071601/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/jem.html|archive-date=23 October 2008}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The racks are placed in a 6-6-6-5 format along the four walls of the module. The end of the PM has an airlock and two window hatches. The exposed facility, experiment logistics module, and remote manipulator system all connect to the PM. It is the location for many of the press conferences that take place on board the station.

=== Exposed facility ===
[[File:Kibo Exposed Facility seen during STS-134 (S134-E-010658).jpg|thumb|Exposed facility]]

The Exposed Facility (EF), also known as "Terrace", is located outside the port cone of the PM (which is equipped with an airlock). The EF has twelve Exposed Facility Unit (EFU) ports which attach to Payload Interface Unit (PIU) connectors on EF-equipment exchange units (EF-EEUs). All experiment payloads are fully exposed to the space environment. For proper functioning of these experiments, the payload requires an [[orbital replacement unit]] (ORU), consisting of the electrical power system (EPS), communications and tracking (CT), and the thermal control system (TCS). Of the twelve ORUs, eight are replaceable by the JEMRMS while the other four are [[Extravehicular activity|EVA]]-replaceable.

=== Logistics module ===
[[File:Kibo ELM-PS on ISS.jpg|thumb|Experiment logistics module, pressurized section]]

The experiment logistics module (ELM) includes two sections:
* The pressurized section (ELM-PS), also called the JLP (Japanese logistics pressurized), is a pressurized addition to the PM. It is used as a storage facility, providing storage space for experiment payloads, samples and spare items.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts123/news/STS-123-11.txt|title=STS-123 MCC Status Report #11|publisher=NASA|date=16 March 2008|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318232619/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts123/news/STS-123-11.txt|archive-date=18 March 2010}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
* The unpressurized (external) section (ELM-ES) serves as a storage and transportation module.  It was used to transfer external experiments with the [[Space Shuttle]].  It is not used after the retirement of the shuttle.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://iss.jaxa.jp/kiboexp/participation/application/documents/ef02/handbook.pdf |language=Japanese |script-title=ja:きぼう船外実験プラットフォーム利用ハンドブック |date=October 2006 |publisher=JAXA |access-date=23 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://iss.jaxa.jp/glossary/jp/se/elm_es.html |language=Japanese |script-title=ja:船外パレット |publisher=JAXA |access-date=23 March 2021}}</ref>

=== Remote manipulator system ===
The JEM remote manipulator system (JEMRMS) is a {{cvt|10|m}} robotic arm, mounted at the port cone of the PM. It is used for servicing the EF and for moving equipment to and from the ELM. The JEMRMS control console was launched while inside the ELM-PS, and the main arm was launched with the PM. The small fine arm, which is {{cvt|2|m}} long and attaches to the end effector of the main arm, was launched aboard [[HTV-1]] on the maiden flight of the [[H-II Transfer Vehicle|HTV]] spacecraft. Once HTV had docked, the small fine arm was assembled by the crew and deployed outside the airlock to test it. The JEMRMS grappled the arm and unfolded it to flex the joints before stowing it onto the EF.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kibo.jaxa.jp/en/about/kibo/rms/|title=Remote Manipulator System|publisher=JAXA|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080320035809/http://kibo.jaxa.jp/en/about/kibo/rms/|archive-date=20 March 2008}}</ref> The free end of the JEMRMS is able to use the same type of [[grapple fixture]]s that the [[Mobile Servicing System|Canadarm2]] uses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/en/htv/mission/htv-1/presskit/htv-1_presskit.pdf|title=HTV-1 Mission Press Kit|publisher=JAXA|page=19|date=2 September 2009|access-date=31 January 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093403/http://iss.jaxa.jp/en/htv/mission/htv-1/presskit/htv-1_presskit.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref>

=== Inter-orbit Communication System ===
Inter-orbit Communication System (ICS) consists of a rack of communication module in the Pressurized Module (ICS-PM) and the antenna module to be attached on the Exposed Facility (ICS-EF).<ref name="kibohandbook">{{cite web |url=https://iss.jaxa.jp/kibo/library/fact/data/kibo-handbook_en.pdf |title=Kibo HANDBOOK |date=September 2007 |publisher=JAXA |author=Human Space Systems and Utilization Program Group |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref>  It was used to communicate with the ground station via JAXA's communication technology demonstration satellite {{ill|Data Relay Test Satellite|lt=DRTS "Kodama"|ja|こだま (人工衛星)}}.  
After the decommissioning of DRTS in August 2017, ''Kibō'' relies on the ISS's [[Ku band]] communication through NASA's [[Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System|TDRSS]].  ICS-EF was disposed by jettisoning into orbit in February 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/02/21/iss-daily-summary-report-2212020/ |first=Bill |last=Keeter |publisher=NASA |title=ISS Daily Summary Report – 2/21/2020 |date=21 February 2020 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> and reentered on March 17, 2023<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aerospace.org/reentries/iss-deb-ics-ef-id-45265 |title=ISS DEB (ICS-EF) (ID 45265) |publisher=Aerospace |access-date=19 March 2023}}</ref> over Sacramento, California.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1636956596482760704 |title=The ICS-F was cataloged as object 45265,  1998-067RJ. It orbited the Earth as space junk for 3 years, and reentered at 0430 UTC (9.30pm PDT) over California, widely observed from the Sacramento area |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318081650/https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1636956596482760704 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>

== Launch sequence ==
{{multiple image
| align             = left
| width1            = 200
| width2            = 200
| image1            = Antonov An-124 - Volga Dnepr RA-82045 at Kennedy Space Center.jpg
| caption1          = The EF and ELM-ES arriving at<br/>the Kennedy Space Center
| image2            = Kibo JEM-RMS in KSC-01.jpg
| caption2          = Technicians working on the remote manipulator system at KSC
}}

[[NASA]] launched the JEM complex over three flights using the [[Space Shuttle]]. The shuttle had a large payload bay which carried the modules into orbit along with the crew. This is in contrast to the Russian modules, which are launched into orbit on multistage [[Proton (rocket family)|Proton]] rockets and then rendezvous and dock with the station automatically.

On 12 March 2007, the ''Experiment Logistics Module-Pressurized Section'' (ELM-PS) arrived at the [[Kennedy Space Center]] (KSC) from [[Japan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/iss/kibo/develop_status_51_e.html|title=Shipping of the Kibō ELM-PS, Kibō RMS and Kibō experiment racks|publisher=JAXA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505025525/http://iss.jaxa.jp/iss/kibo/develop_status_51_e.html|archive-date=5 May 2008}}</ref> It was stored in the [[Space Station Processing Facility]] (SSPF) until launched into orbit aboard [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']] on 11 March 2008 as part of the [[STS-123]] mission.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/releases/2008/release-20080311.html|title=NASA's Shuttle Endeavour Begins Mission to the Space Station|publisher=NASA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318230737/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/releases/2008/release-20080311.html|archive-date=18 March 2008}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

On 30 May 2003, the ''Pressurized Module'' (PM), the main laboratory, arrived at KSC from Japan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/iss/kibo/develop_status_36_e.html|title=Kibo PM arrival in USA|publisher=JAXA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070919031816/http://iss.jaxa.jp/iss/kibo/develop_status_36_e.html|archive-date=19 September 2007}}</ref> It was stored at the SSPF until launched into orbit aboard [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']] on 31 May 2008 as part of the [[STS-124]] mission.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/releases/2008/release-20080531.html|title=NASA's Shuttle Discovery Launches With Japanese Laboratory|publisher=NASA|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012020310/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/releases/2008/release-20080531.html |archive-date=12 October 2008}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> On 3 June 2008, the PM was attached to the ''Harmony'' module. At first the ELM-PS, the small cargo bay, was connected to a temporary location on ''Harmony'' and later, on 6 June 2008, was moved to its final berthing location on top (zenith) of the main laboratory.

The ''Exposed Facility'' (EF) and ''Experiment Logistics Module-External Section'' (ELM-ES) arrived at KSC on 24 September 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mediaarchive.ksc.nasa.gov/detail.cfm?mediaid=37693 |title=Kennedy Media Gallery;— Photo No: KSC-08PD-2924|publisher=NASA|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608081011/http://mediaarchive.ksc.nasa.gov/detail.cfm?mediaid=37693|archive-date=8 June 2011}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The two elements were launched on ''Endeavour'' on 15 July 2009 as part of the [[STS-127]] mission.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/index.html|title=STS-127 mission page|publisher=NASA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090716094058/http://www1.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/index.html|archive-date=16 July 2009}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The ELM-ES was brought back to [[Earth]] at the end of the mission. The assembly of the EF was completed during the fifth spacewalk of the mission.<ref name="fd13_jef">{{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090727fd13/index4.html|title=Endeavour crew completes fifth and final spacewalk|work=NASASpaceFlight.com|first=William|last=Harwood|date=27 July 2009|access-date=29 July 2009|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731110002/http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090727fd13/index4.html|archive-date=31 July 2009}}</ref>

== Specifications ==
[[File:ISS_JEM_exterior_steel_panels.jpg|thumb|Close view of the exterior panels of the Pressurized Module and Logistics Module, during [[STS-132]]]]
[[File:Small Robotic Arm Kibō.jpg|alt=Small Robotic Arm prototype|thumb|A prototype for the Small Fine Arm was tested during the [[STS-85]] space shuttle mission in 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garcia |first=Mark |date=2017-07-19 |title=About the Kibo Laboratory |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/kibo.html |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=NASA}}</ref>]]
''Kibō'' is the largest single ISS module:

* ''Pressurized module''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/228145main_sts124_presskit2.pdf|title=STS-124 Press Kit|publisher=NASA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124164603/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/228145main_sts124_presskit2.pdf|archive-date=24 November 2010}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
** Length: {{convert|11.19|m}}
** Diameter: {{convert|4.39|m}}
** Mass: {{convert|15900|kg}}
** Launch Date: 31 May 2008
* ''Experiment logistics module - Pressurized Section''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/215905main_sts123_press_kit_b.pdf|title=STS-123 Press Kit|publisher=NASA|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624195809/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/215905main_sts123_press_kit_b.pdf|archive-date=24 June 2008}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
** Length: {{convert|4.21|m}}
** Diameter: {{convert|4.39|m}}
** Mass: {{convert|8386|kg}}
** Launch Date: 11 March 2008
[[File:JAXA Kibo 001.jpg|thumb|The JEM being manufactured]]

* ''Exposed Facility''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Garcia |first=Mark |date=2017-07-19 |title=About the Kibo Laboratory |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/kibo.html |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=NASA}}</ref>
** Length: {{convert|4|m}}
** Diameter: {{convert|5.6|m}}
** Height: {{convert|5|m}}
** Mass: {{convert|4000.685|kg}}
** Launch Date: 15 July 2009

* ''Robotic Arm''<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Remote Manipulator System:About Kibo - International Space Station - JAXA |url=https://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kibo/about/kibo/rms/ |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=iss.jaxa.jp}}</ref>
** Main Arm (MA)
*** Length: {{convert|10|m}}
*** Mass: {{convert|780|kg}}
*** Handling Capacity: Max. 7000|kg(Payload size: 1.85m x 1.0m x 0.8m / weight: less than 500kg)
** Small Fine Arm (SFA)
*** Length: {{convert|2.2|m}}
*** Mass: {{convert|190|kg}}
*** Handling Capacity: Max. 80kg with Compliance Control Mode, Max. 300kg without Compliance Control Mode(ORU size: 0.62 x 0.42 x 0.41m / weight: 80kg max)

The module and all its integrated accessories were manufactured at the [[Tsukuba Space Center]] in Japan. It is made from stainless steel, titanium, and aluminum.

== Experiments on ''Kibō'' ==
[[File:Kibo completed view1.jpg|thumb|Looking forward at ''Kibō'']]
[[File:STS-129 Kibo laboratory.jpg|thumb|Looking alongside]]

=== Current external experiments ===
Source:<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISS External Payloads and ORUs |url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSbjgMmfU05ce-UWkE8mJadvRKGuijYKShbDUIQbicTbzujpylhAVuG--YX_yT5F7HRHeyq1ChTNEcv/pub |access-date=2023-09-08 |website=docs.google.com}}</ref>
* '''[[MAXI (ISS experiment)|MAXI]]''' – X-ray astronomy from 0.5 to 30 [[Electronvolt|keV]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.sfo.jaxa.jp/kibo/kibomefc/maxi_e.html|title=Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image: MAXI |publisher=[[JAXA]]|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521055336/http://iss.sfo.jaxa.jp/kibo/kibomefc/maxi_e.html|archive-date=21 May 2013}}</ref> Exposed Facility Slot 1.
*'''STP Houston 8 Payload'''-'''COWVR''' and '''TEMPEST'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Greicius|first=Tony|date=2021-11-02|title=Small but Mighty NASA Weather Instruments Prepare for Launch|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/small-but-mighty-nasa-weather-instruments-prepare-for-launch|access-date=2022-01-17|website=NASA}}</ref> Launched on [[SpaceX CRS-24]] in 2021. Exposed Facility Slot 2 port originally held [[Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment|CREAM]] which was moved to Slot 13 on the roof and stowed in hibernation.
* '''[[Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3|OCO-3]]''' – Monitoring of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere using a flight spare from [[Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2|OCO-2]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://science.nasa.gov/missions/oco-3/|title=OCO-3|publisher=NASA Science Mission Directorate|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503224440/https://science.nasa.gov/missions/oco-3|archive-date=3 May 2018|url-status=live|access-date=7 May 2018}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Relocated back to Slot 3 and placed in hibernation. 
* '''NREP''' – Nanoracks External Platform, at Slot 4.
* '''i-SEEP''' – IVA-replaceable Small Exposed Experiment Platform (JAXA). Mounted to Exposed Facility Slot 5.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://iss.jaxa.jp/kiboexp/equipment/pdf/jmx-2017108_i-seep-icd_en.pdf |title=IVA-replaceable Small Exposed Experiment Platform (i-SEEP)/Payload Interface Control Document|publisher=JAXA|date=July 2017|access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref> It is a platform to support small-to-medium (less than 200&nbsp;kg) payloads. Experiments on the i-SEEP platform are HDTV-EF2 (since 2017), GPSR/Wheel,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/ef/i-seep/|title=IVA-replaceable Small Exposed Experiment Platform (i-SEEP)|publisher=JAXA|date=31 October 2016|access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref> SOLISS (since 2019 removed in 2023 and stowed), and SeCRETS .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ihub-tansa.jaxa.jp/theta_photo.html|script-title=ja:宇宙探査イノベーションハブとリコー、 THETAをベースに共同開発したカメラで360°全天球静止画・動画を撮影・公開|publisher=JAXA|date=17 October 2019|access-date=25 February 2020|archive-date=27 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227024939/https://www.ihub-tansa.jaxa.jp/theta_photo.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* '''[[Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation lidar|GEDI]]''' – Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation on ISS. Exposed Facility Slot 6 in hibernation until '''STP-H8''' is removed and '''MOLI''' is installed. Port originally held '''ICS-EF''' and temporary held '''[[Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment|CREAM]]''' until it was relocated to Slot 13 on the roof of the Logistics Module and placed in hibernation. 
* '''STP-H9'''-'''SWELL''' (Space Wireless Energy Laser Link), A test payload for [[Laser communication in space|Laser Communications]] a follow on to [[Optical Payload for Lasercomm Science|OPALS]],'''Electric Propulsion Electrostatic Analyzer''', A test device that will demonstrate re-boost using [[Ion propulsion|Ion Propulsion]], '''Neutron Radiation Detection Instrument''' from NRL, '''Variable Voltage Ion Protection Experiment''' from NRL, '''ECLIPSE''' (Experiment for Characterizing the Lower Ionosphere and Production of Sporadic-E), '''Glowbug''', cosmic ray detector built in conjunction with NASA, an experiment that will study cosmic rays for two years, '''SpaceCube Edge Node Intelligent Collaboration''', an experiment built by [[Goddard Space Flight Center|NASA Goddard]] that will study microchips and artificial intelligence exposed to the vacuum of space, and '''SOHIP''', a hyperspectral imager built by [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory|Livermore Labs]] that will study the atmosphere for two years. Exposed Facility Slot 7 port originally held '''HREP''' and '''[[Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation|GEDI]]''' which was relocated to Slot 6 and placed in hibernation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=STP-H9 |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/stp-h9.htm |access-date=2023-04-26 |website=Gunter's Space Page |language=en}}</ref>
* '''HISUI''' –  Hyperspectral Imager Suite ([[Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry|METI]]) replacement for '''HREP''' which ended its mission in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ssl.jspacesystems.or.jp/en_project_hisui/?doing_wp_cron=1577127094.6934249401092529296875|title=HISUI : Hyper-spectral Imager SUIte {{!}} Project {{!}} Japan Space Systems|last=Japan Space Systems|website=ssl.jspacesystems.or.jp|access-date=2019-12-23}}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Exposed Facility Slot 8 port originally held '''MCE'''.
* '''[[Calorimetric Electron Telescope|CALET]]''' – CALorimetric Electron Telescope (JAXA), observation for high energy cosmic rays. Launched aboard [[Kounotori 5]] (HTV-5).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/news/130610_calet.html|title=About the cooperation of JAXA and ASI in the development of CALET|publisher=JAXA|date=10 June 2013|access-date=10 January 2014|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110093325/http://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/news/130610_calet.html|archive-date=10 January 2014}}</ref> Mass: 2500&nbsp;kg.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/icrr-study/CALET-EBHU06.pdf|title=The CALET Project for Investigating High Energy Universe|publisher=Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering; University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research|first=Shoji|last=Torii|date=24 February 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616153729/http://www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/icrr-study/CALET-EBHU06.pdf|archive-date=16 June 2007}}</ref> Exposed Facility Slot 9 port originally held '''SEDA-AP'''.
* '''[[ECOSTRESS]]''' – Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2018/07/05/iss-daily-summary-report-7052018/|title=ISS Daily Summary Report – 7/05/2018|publisher=NASA|first=Bill|last=Keeter|date=5 July 2018}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Exposed Facility Slot 10 port originally held the ELM-ES and the HTV Transfer Pallet.
* '''i-SEEP2''' - IVA-replaceable Small Exposed Experiment Platform 2<ref>{{cite web |date=9 March 2022 |script-title=ja:利用状況と今後の予定 &#124; 「きぼう」利用のご案内 &#124; JAXA 有人宇宙技術部門 |url=https://humans-in-space.jaxa.jp/kibouser/information/program/73189.html |access-date=12 March 2022 |publisher=JAXA |language=Japanese}}</ref> Exposed Facility Slot 11. 
* '''[[Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment|CREAM]]''' – Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment. Launched on [[SpaceX CRS-12]] in 2017. Initially at Exposed Facility Slot 2. Moved to Slot 7 in 2021<ref>{{cite web |url=https://humans-in-space.jaxa.jp/kibouser/information/program/73119.html |language=Japanese |script-title=ja:利用状況と今後の予定 |publisher=JAXA |date=22 December 2021 |access-date=23 December 2021}}</ref> and back to Slot 2 in 2023 to make room for STP Houston 9. Logistics Module Slot 13 in hibernation until '''STP-H9''' is removed then it will go back to Slot 2.   
* '''ExHAM 1 and 2''' – External Facility Handrail Attach Mechanism (JAXA).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/ef/exham/|title=ExHAM : Experiment - International Space Station - JAXA |website=iss.jaxa.jp|access-date=2020-03-06}}</ref> Mounted to the deck on handrails in the forward and aft locations next to slots 7 and 10.

=== Former external experiments ===
Deorbited with [[Kounotori 5]] (HTV-5):
* '''SMILES''' – Observes and monitors very weak sub-millimeter wave emission lines of trace gas molecules in the stratosphere.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.sfo.jaxa.jp/kibo/kibomefc/smiles_e.html |title=Superconducting Submillimeter-wave Limb-emission Sounder: SMILES|publisher=[[JAXA]]|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928051843/http://iss.sfo.jaxa.jp/kibo/kibomefc/smiles_e.html|archive-date=28 September 2006}}</ref>
* '''MCE''' – Multi-mission Consolidated Equipment (NASA).

Deorbited with SpaceX CRS-15:
* '''HREP''' – [[Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO)]] and Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System (RAIDS) experimental payload.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2018/07/11/iss-daily-summary-report-7112018/|title=ISS Daily Summary Report – 7/11/2018|publisher=NASA|first=Bill|last=Keeter|date=11 July 2018}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

Deorbited with SpaceX CRS-17:
* '''[[Cloud Aerosol Transport System|CATS]]''' – Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (LiDAR, NASA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2019/05/13/robotics-and-space-biology-today-as-cosmonauts-look-to-next-spacewalk/|title=Robotics and Space Biology Today as Cosmonauts Look to Next Spacewalk – Space Station|website=blogs.nasa.gov|access-date=14 May 2019}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Originally held in Slot 5, will be replaced by '''MOLI'''.

Jettisoned into orbit by ISS robotic arm:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/kiboexp/equipment/ef/seda_ap/seda-ap_disposal.html|language=ja|script-title=ja:きぼう船外設置の宇宙環境計測ミッション装置（SEDA-AP）をISSから廃棄しました|date=21 December 2018|publisher=JAXA|access-date=21 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://iss.jaxa.jp/kiboexp/news/200225.html|script-title=ja:衛星間通信システム船外部（ICS-EF）をISSから廃棄しました|language=Japanese|publisher=JAXA|date=25 February 2020|access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref>
* '''SEDA-AP''' – Space Environment Data Acquisition equipment-Attached Payload. Measures neutrons, plasma, heavy ions, and high-energy light particles in the station's orbit.
* '''ICS-EF''' – Inter-orbit Communication System-Exposed Facility, Japanese communication system. Originally at the Exposed Facility Slot 7.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/02/21/iss-daily-summary-report-2212020/ |title=At 12:50 CT today, robotics ground controllers commanded an SSRMS disposal jettison of the retired JEM ICS-EF}}</ref>
* '''[[Laser Communications Relay Demonstration|ILLUMA-T]] –''' Laser communication payload. Originally at Exposed Facility Slot 3 port originally held '''SMILES''' and [[Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3|OCO 3]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NASA's First Two-way End-to-End Laser Communications System |url=https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/NASAs_First_Two_way_End_to_End_Laser_Communications_System_999.html |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Space Daily}}</ref>
=== Current internal experiments ===
Japanese:
* '''RYUTAI Rack''' {{nihongo|流体|りゅうたい|ryūtai|fluid}} – Fluid Physics Experiment Facility (FPEF), Solution Crystallization Observation Facility (SCOF), Protein Crystallization Research Facility (PCRF), Image Processing Unit (IPU)
* '''SAIBO Rack''' {{nihongo|細胞|さいぼう|saibō|cell}} – Cell Biology Experiment Facility (CBEF), Clean Bench (CB)
* '''KOBAIRO Rack''' {{nihongo|勾配炉|こうばいろ|kōbairo|}} – Gradient Heating Furnace (GHF)
* '''MPSR-1''' – Multi-Purpose Small payload Rack-1
* '''MPSR-2''' – Multi-Purpose Small payload Rack-2, housing Electrostatic Levitating Furnace (ELF)

American:
* '''EXPRESS Rack 4''' – Biotechnology Specimen Temperature Controller (BSTC), Gas Supply Module (GSM), Space Acceleration Measurement System-II (SAMS-II), Biotechnology Specimen Temperature Controller (BSTC), Nanoracks NanoLab
* '''EXPRESS Rack 5'''
* '''MELFI-1''' – two −80° freezer racks
* '''Life Sciences Glovebox (LSG)'''
* '''[[Mochii]] –''' Spectroscopic Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) National Laboratory Facility<ref>{{Cite web |title=Facility Details |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Facility.html?#id=7657 |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=www.nasa.gov}}</ref> 

=== Planned experiments ===
{{expand section|date=August 2020}}

* '''MOLI''' – Multi-footprint Observation Lidar and Imager (JAXA) (external)
* [[JEM-EUSO]] (internal)

== Parts ==
<gallery mode="packed">
Kibo - Pressurized Module.jpg|Pressurized Module
Kibo - Experiment Logistics Module (Pressurized Section).jpg|Experiment Logistics Module-Pressurized Section
Kibo - Exposed Facility.jpg|Exposed Facility
Kibo - Experiment Logistics Module (Exposed Section).jpg|Experiment Logistics Module-Exposed Section
Kibo - Remote Manipulator System.jpg|Remote Manipulator System
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
* [[Scientific research on the ISS]]
* [[Nanoracks CubeSat Deployer]] (NRCSD)
* [[Japanese Space Station Module (Mitsui)]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Kibo (ISS module)}}
* [https://humans-in-space.jaxa.jp/en/kibo/ Japanese Experiment Module (''Kibō'')] at JAXA.jp

{{Japanese space program}}
{{ISS modules}}
{{Orbital launches in 2008}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Kibō'' (ISS module)}}

[[Category:Kibo (ISS module)| ]]
[[Category:Components of the International Space Station]]
[[Category:Space program of Japan]]
[[Category:Laboratories in Japan]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2008]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by the Space Shuttle]]