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{{Short description|Meetings on North Korea nuclear program}}
{{for|South Korea variety show|Six-Party Talks (TV series)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| title = Six-party talks
| t = 六方會談
| s = 六方会谈
| p = Liùfāng Huìtán<br />{{Audio|Chinese-LiuFangHuiTan(Six-Party Talks).ogg|Listen}}
| kanji = 六者会合 
| kana = ろくしゃかいごう 
| romaji = Rokusha Kaigō 
| nkhangul = 륙자 회담 
| nkhanja = 六者會談 
| nkrr = Ryukja hoedam 
| nkmr = Ryukcha hoedam 
| skhangul = 육자 회담 
|  skhanja = 六者會談 
| skrr = Yukja hoedam 
| skmr = Yukcha hoedam 
| rus = Шестисторо́нние перегово́ры 
| rusr = Shestistorónniye peregovóry
| ibox-order = zh,ja,ko3,ko4,ru}}
The '''six-party talks''' aimed to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns as a result of the [[North Korean nuclear weapons program]].
There was a series of meetings with six participating states in [[Beijing]]:<ref>{{cite news|title=The Six-party Talks Kicked off|url=http://www.china-un.org/eng/zt/ch/t25488.htm|publisher=[[Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations]]|date=2003-08-27|access-date=2017-05-24|archive-date=December 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214182709/http://www.china-un.org/eng/zt/ch/t25488.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China]]
* {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Japan]]
* {{flagicon|PRK}} [[North Korea]]
* {{flagicon|KOR}} [[South Korea]]
* {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russia]]
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[United States]]

These talks were a result of North Korea withdrawing from the [[Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty]] (NPT) in 2003. Apparent gains following the fourth and fifth rounds were reversed by outside events. Five rounds of talks from 2003 to 2007 produced little net progress<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/18/content_5503201.htm|agency=Xinhua News Agency|title=6-party talks: 2nd phase, 5th round|date=2006-12-18|access-date=2006-12-19|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090915190624/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/18/content_5503201.htm|archive-date=2009-09-15}}</ref> until the third phase of the fifth round of talks, when North Korea agreed to shut down its nuclear facilities in exchange for fuel aid and steps towards the normalization of relations with the United States and Japan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rice hails N Korea nuclear deal |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6358797.stm |work=[[BBC News]] |date=2007-02-13 |access-date=2007-02-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Charles |last=Scanlon |title=The end of a long confrontation? |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6357853.stm |work=[[BBC News]] |date=2007-02-13 |access-date=2007-02-13 }}</ref> Responding angrily to the [[United Nations Security Council]]'s Presidential Statement<ref>{{cite web|url=http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N09/301/03/PDF/N0930103.pdf?OpenElement|title=UNSC Presidential Statement|publisher=[[United Nations]]|date=2009-04-13|access-date=2010-07-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910123926/http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N09/301/03/PDF/N0930103.pdf?OpenElement|archive-date=2012-09-10}}</ref> issued on April 13, 2009, that condemned the North Korean [[Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2|failed satellite launch]], the DPRK declared on April 14, 2009, that it would pull out of the six-party talks and that it would resume its nuclear enrichment program in order to boost its nuclear deterrent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2009/200904/news14/20090414-23ee.html|title=DPRK Foreign Ministry Vehemently Refutes UNSC's "Presidential Statement"|agency=[[Korean Central News Agency|KCNA]]|date=2009-04-14|access-date=2010-07-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910123631/http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2009/200904/news14/20090414-23ee.html|archive-date=2012-09-10}}</ref> North Korea also expelled all nuclear inspectors from the country.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/15/world/asia/15korea.html?ref=global-home | work=The New York Times | title=North Korea Says It Will Halt Talks and Restart Its Nuclear Program | first=Mark | last=Landler | date=2009-04-15 | access-date=2010-05-23}}</ref>

== Content of the six-party talks ==

[[File:Six-party talks.PNG|thumb|right|500px|Members of the six-party nuclear talks]]

The main points of contention were:
* '''Security guarantee''' – this issue has been raised by North Korea since the [[George W. Bush administration|Bush administration]] (2001–2009) took office. North Korea labeled the Bush administration as hostile and accused it of planning to overthrow the North Korean government by force. This concern was elevated when [[President of the United States|President]] [[George W. Bush]] named North Korea as part of an "[[axis of evil]]" in his 2002 [[State of the Union Address]]. After the North Korean refusal to participate in the six-party talks in 2005, South Korea, the United States, and Japan declared that all issues of concern including security guarantees would be on the table if North Korea engaged in discussions within the six-party talks.<ref>{{Cite book |title=North Korea and regional security {{!}} Corea del Norte y la seguridad regional |publisher=Editorial Verbum |year=2008 |isbn=978-84-7962-580-1 |pages=49 |language=en}}</ref>
* '''The construction of [[light water reactor]]s''' – under the 1994 [[U.S.-North Korea Agreed Framework|Agreed Framework]] two [[light-water reactor]]s would be built in return for the closure of North Korea's graphite-moderated [[nuclear power plant]] program at [[Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center|Yongbyon]]. This agreement broke down after both sides defaulted, especially since 2002.
* '''Peaceful use of nuclear energy''' – whilst the NPT allows states the right to use nuclear energy for civilian purposes, this was thought to have been used by North Korea as a cover for their nuclear weapons program. South Korea was amenable to a peaceful use of nuclear energy provided the IAEA will be allowed to inspect the North's facilities.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Buszynski |first=Leszek |title=Negotiating with North Korea: The Six Party Talks and the Nuclear Issue |publisher=Routledge |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-04484-8 |location=Oxon |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Diplomatic relations''' – North Korea wanted normalization of diplomatic relations as part of the bargain for giving up its nuclear weapons program. The United States has at times disagreed and at times agreed to this condition, providing North Korea irreversibly and verifiably disarms its nuclear weapons program.
* '''Financial restrictions / Trade normalization''' – The United States placed heavy financial sanctions on North Korea for what they see as an uncooperative attitude and unwillingness to dismantle its nuclear weapons program. In addition, other parties such as China took actions such as the freezing of North Korean assets in foreign bank accounts, such as the US$24 million<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/world/20070129TDY01003.htm |title=お知らせ : Yomiuri Online（読売新聞） |access-date=28 January 2007 |archive-date=25 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125010252/http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/world/20070129TDY01003.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2007/01/29/200701290004.asp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803063018/http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2007/01/29/200701290004.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-08-03 |title=Talks to focus on disarming N.K. |work=The Korea Herald |date=2010-04-04 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref> in Macau's Banco Delta Asia. With the nuclear test on October 9, 2006, UNSCR 1718 was passed, which included a ban on all luxury goods to North Korea. These funds were unfrozen by the United States on March 19, 2007, to reciprocate actions by their North Korean counterparts.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.archives.go.kr/next/search/listSubjectDescription.do?id=010094|script-title=ko:6자회담|date=2015-11-26|script-website=ko:국가기록원|language=ko|trans-title=Six party talk|access-date=2018-05-16}}</ref> The United States removed North Korea from its list of state sponsors of terrorism in October 2008.<ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. Declares North Korea Off Terror List|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/13/world/asia/13terror.html|newspaper=New York Times|date=October 12, 2008|first=Helene|last=Cooper}}</ref> 
* '''Verifiable and Irreversible disarmament''' – Members of the six-party talks disagreed on this. Japan and the United States demanded that North Korea completely dismantle its nuclear program so that it may never be restarted, and that it can be verified by the six members of the talks before aid is given. By the second round of the six-party talks, South Korea fully endorsed this position.<ref>{{Cite book |last=DiFilippo |first=A. |title=Japan's Nuclear Disarmament Policy and the U.S. Security Umbrella |publisher=Springer |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-230-60072-0 |pages=173 |language=en}}</ref> China and Russia agreed on a milder, step-by-step solution which involves the members of the six-party talks giving a certain reward (e.g. aid) in return for each step of [[nuclear disarmament]]. North Korea wanted the United States to concede some of the conditions first before it will take any action in disarming their weapons program, which they see as the only guarantee to prevent a United States attack on their soil.

== 1st round (27–29 August 2003) ==
[[Image:Table layout of Six-Party Talks.svg|thumb|200px|A figure of a table of the six party talks]]
* '''Representatives:'''
* {{KOR}}: [[Lee Soo-hyuck]], Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
* {{PRK}}: [[Kim Yong-il (politician, born 1947)|Kim Yong-il]], Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs
* {{USA}}: [[James A. Kelly|James Kelly]], [[Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs]]
* {{PRC}}: [[Wang Yi (politician)|Wang Yi]], Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs
* {{JPN}}: [[Mitoji Yabunaka]], Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau
* {{RUS}}: [[Alexander Losyukov]], Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Outcomes'''
* A Chairman's Summary agreed upon for a further round of talks.
* No agreement between parties made.
See "Why the 6-party talks will fail" (in Korean), the Dong-A Ilbo, 27 August 2003, by Pierre Chabal

== 2nd round (25–28 February 2004) ==
'''Representatives:'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Lee Soo-hyuck, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade<br />
{{PRK}}: [[Kim Kye-gwan]], Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{USA}}: James Kelly, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs<br />
{{PRC}}: Wang Yi, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{JPN}}: Mitoji Yabunaka, Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau<br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Losyukov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Outcomes'''
* A Chairman's Statement announced with seven articles, including:
** Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula
** Peaceful Coexistence of Participating States, stressing the use of mutually coordinated measures to resolve crises.
* Agreement to hold the third round of talks with full participation during the second quarter of 2004.

== 3rd round (23–26 June 2004) ==
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Lee Soo-hyuck, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade<br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{USA}}: James Kelly, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs<br />
{{PRC}}: Wang Yi, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{JPN}}: Mitoji Yabunaka, Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau<br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Alexeyev, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Outcomes'''
* A Chairman's Statement announced with eight articles, including:
** Reaffirming the commitment to denuclearising the Korean Peninsula, stressing specification of the scope and time, interval (between steps of) and method of verification
* Agreement to hold fourth round of talks in Beijing before September 2005

== 4th round ==

=== 1st phase (26 July – 7 August 2005) ===
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: [[Song Min-soon]], Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade<br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{USA}}: [[Christopher R. Hill|Christopher Hill]], Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs<br />
{{PRC}}: [[Wu Dawei]], Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau<br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Alexeyev, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Outcomes'''
* U.S. and North Korea cannot agree on 'peaceful' use of nuclear energy
* Three-week recess of talks due to [[ASEAN Regional Forum]] (ARF) meeting

=== 2nd phase (13–19 September 2005) ===
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Song Min-soon, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade<br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{USA}}: Christopher Hill, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs<br />
{{PRC}}: Wu Dawei, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau<br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Alexeyev, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Outcomes'''
* Agreement on a Joint Statement<ref>[https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2005/53490.htm Joint Statement of the Fourth Round of the Six-Party Talks Beijing, September 19, 2005]</ref> of six articles, including:
** Verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula
** Observe and realize the 1992 Korean Peninsula Denuclearization Declaration
** North Korea to agree to abandon all [[North Korea and weapons of mass destruction|nuclear weapons and nuclear programs]] and return to the [[Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty|NPT]] as soon as possible
** However, the states still respect North Korea's stated right to peaceful use of nuclear energy.
** The issue of the [[light water reactor]]s will be discussed "at an appropriate time"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2005/53499.htm|title=North Korea – U.S. Statement|date=September 19, 2005|publisher=State Department}}</ref>
** U.S. and the South Korea to formally declare that they have no nuclear weapons on the Korean Peninsula
** U.S. affirmed it has no intention to attack or invade North Korea and will provide a security guarantee to this effect
** U.S. and North Korea will work to normalize ties, respect each other's sovereignty, exist peacefully together.
** Japan and North Korea will work to normalize relations, in accordance with the Pyongyang Statement by settling historical disputes.
** The other five Parties undertook to promote economic cooperation through strengthening bilateral/multilateral economic cooperation in energy, trade and investment.
** South Korea reaffirmed its proposal of 7/12/05 concerning the provision of 2 million kilowatts of electricity if the DPRK abandoned its nuclear arms program.
** The Korean Peninsula peace treaty to be negotiated separately.
** 'Words for words'; 'actions for actions' principle to be observed, stressing 'mutually coordinated measures'.
* Agreement to hold fifth round of talks in early November, 2005.

== 5th round ==

=== 1st phase (9–11 November 2005) ===
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Song Min-soon, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade<br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{USA}}: Christopher Hill, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs<br />
{{PRC}}: Wu Dawei, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau<br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Alexeyev, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Outcomes'''
* Joint Statement issued with six points. This is essentially the same as the previous round's statements, except for:
** Modifying the 'words for words' and 'actions for actions' principle to 'commitment for commitment, action for action' principle.
* No agreement on when the next talks will be held, though March 2006 looked likely at the time.

=== Events between phases 1 and 2 ===
* In April 2006, North Korea offered to resume talks if the U.S. releases recently frozen North Korean financial assets held in a bank in [[Macau]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4905308.stm |title=N Korea offers nuclear talks deal |work=BBC News |date=2006-04-13 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
** The U.S. treats the nuclear and financial issues as separate; North Korea does not.
* North Korea then announced on October 3, 2006, that it was going to test its first nuclear weapon regardless of the world situation, blaming 'hostile U.S. policy' as the reason for the need for such a deterrent. However, it pledged a no-first-strike policy and to nuclear disarmament only when there is worldwide elimination of such nuclear weapons<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-10/03/content_5167518.htm |title=DPRK to conduct nuclear test against U.S. hostile policy  |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2006-10-03 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004151629/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-10/03/content_5167518.htm|archive-date=2006-10-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/5402292.stm |title=N Korea statement on nuclear test |work=BBC News |date=2006-10-03 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
* On October 9, 2006, North Korea announced a [[2006 North Korean nuclear test|successful nuclear test]], verified by the U.S. on October 11.
* In response, the [[United Nations Security Council]] passed [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1718|Resolution 1718]]<ref name="UN_SPV5551_2006">{{UN document |docid=S-PV-5551 |date=14 October 2006 |type=Verbatim Report |body=Security Council |meeting=5551 |accessdate=2008-04-06}}</ref> unanimously condemning North Korea, as well as passing Chapter VII, Article 41. Sanctions ranged from the economic to the trade of military units, [[Weapons of Mass Destruction|WMD]]-related parts and technology transfer, and a ban on certain luxury goods. Both the [[People's Republic of China]] and the [[Russian Federation]] were quick to stress that these were not military-enforceable sanctions. The Resolution also gave the right to other nations to inspect any North Korean vessel's cargo, although the People's Republic of China has held reservations about this move, saying it wanted to avoid any military confrontation with North Korea's navy.
* On 31 October 2006, the Chinese government announced that six-party talks would resume. U.S. negotiator [[Christopher R. Hill|Christopher Hill]] later stated that the resumption could happen in the next month and that North Korea had not set preconditions for the talks. The deadlock was broken by what ''[[BBC News]]'' called "frantic behind-the-scenes negotiations" by Beijing. However, Japan's Foreign Minister [[Taro Aso]] stated that his country was not willing to return to the six-party talks until North Korea had renounced nuclear weapons.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6102092.stm "North Korea talks 'set to resume'"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718190405/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6102092.stm |date=July 18, 2016 }}, ''[[BBC News]]'', 31 October 2006</ref>
* On 5 December 2006, the Russian envoy and former chief Russian negotiator for the six-party talks Alexander Alexeyev said that the talks were unlikely to resume before 2007 owing to the slow progress towards the talks and the fact that Christmas was coming up soon.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121104140432/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/05/AR2006120500866.html N. Korea Six Party talks unlikely before '07: Russia] ''[[Washington Post]]'', 5 December 2006</ref>
* On 10 December, it became apparent that talks would resume on 18 December 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/11/content_5469250.htm|title=Six-party talks on Korean nuclear issue to resume from Dec.18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035957/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/11/content_5469250.htm |archive-date=March 4, 2016|agency=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=11 December 2006}}</ref>

=== 2nd phase (18–22 December 2006) ===
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: [[Chun Yung-woo]], Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200603/09/eng20060309_249357.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124035546/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200603/09/eng20060309_249357.html|title=ROK new chief negotiator for six-party talks visits China|url-status=live|date=March 9, 2006|archive-date=2007-11-24|work=[[People's Daily]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/13/content_5476896.htm |title=ROK urges six-party talks to focus on denuclearization  |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2006-12-13 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106101108/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/13/content_5476896.htm|archive-date=2009-01-06}}</ref><br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<ref name=autogenerated4>{{cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-11/26/content_5377310.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218214639/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-11/26/content_5377310.htm|title=Japan's top negotiator in six-party talks arrives in Beijing|url-status=dead|date=2006-11-26|archive-date=2014-02-18|agency=[[Xinhua News Agency]]}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/200611/28/eng20061128_326090.html |title=China, DPRK, U.S. chief delegates to six-party talks meet in Beijing |work=People's Daily |date=2006-11-28 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref><br />
{{USA}}: Christopher Hill, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs<ref name=autogenerated2 /><br />
{{PRC}}: Wu Dawei, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs<ref name=autogenerated2 /><br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau<ref name=autogenerated4 /><br />
{{RUS}}: [[Sergey Razov]], Russian Ambassador to China<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/16/AR2006121601194.html | newspaper=The Washington Post | title=Russia changes lead negotiator in six-party talks | access-date=2010-05-23}}</ref><br />
<br />
'''Objectives achieved'''
* Chairman's Statement issued
** All six parties reaffirm their commitment to the Joint Statement made on 19 September 2005 in an 'action for action' manner.
** All six parties reaffirmed their positions, some of whose positions have differed greatly since the last time the parties met.
* Numerous bilateral talks were held, especially the Sunday before the talks (Dec 17, 2006) and on the third and fourth days of negotiations.
* Separate bilateral talks were made concerning the freezing of overseas North Korean financial assets between the U.S. delegation led by the U.S. Treasury Deputy Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes, Daniel Glaser, and the North Korean delegation led by the President of the DPRK's Foreign Trade Bank, O Kwang Chol. These talks ended without consensus on a stance, but both delegations agreed to meet again in New York in January 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/20/content_5508931.htm |title=DPRK, U.S. meet on nuke, financial issues as six-party talks enter 2nd day |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2006-12-20 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107054801/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-12/20/content_5508931.htm|archive-date=2009-01-07}}</ref>
* The 5th round only went into "recess" on Dec 22, 2006, indicating that the round was not over yet. China's chief six-party talks negotiator Wu Dawei stated on January 8, 2007, that working talks concerning the financial sanctions were likely to resume on January 21–22, 2007 in New York, with the main six-party talks likely to resume soon after in Beijing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/183259.html |title=6-party talks could start as early as this month: sources |publisher=English.hani.co.kr |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>

=== Events between phases 2 and 3 ===
* Russia's ex-chief negotiator for the six-party talks Alexander Losyukov has taken over from Sergei Razov as the new chief negotiator.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|url=http://news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=88802007|work=The Scotsman|access-date=January 19, 2007|title=News &#124; the Scotsman }}{{dead link|fix-attempted=yes|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Losyukov was previously the Russian ambassador to Tokyo, appointed immediately after the second round of the six-party talks in March 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bu.edu/iscip/digest/vol9/ed0908.html |title=ISCIP – The NIS Observed: Analytical Review: 12 May 2004 |publisher=Bu.edu |access-date=2014-01-20 |archive-date=February 3, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203015602/http://www.bu.edu/iscip/digest/vol9/ed0908.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* On 26 January 2007, Russian chief negotiator Alexander Losyukov told reporters that the third phase was most likely to resume sometime in late January or early February 2007, most likely 5–8 February 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=11193927&PageNum=0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927230617/http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=11193927&PageNum=0|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 27, 2007|agency=Itar-Tass| title=Itar-Tass }}</ref> Apparently the North Korean delegation wants to resume these talks on 8 February 2007.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/announcement-on-resuming-six-party-north-korean-nuke-talks-coming-on-monday-japanese-envoy-says | work=Fox News | title=Announcement on Resuming Six-Party North Korean Nuke Talks Coming on Monday, Japanese Envoy Says | date=2007-01-28}}</ref> The dates were chosen to take place before the Lunar New Year, which commences in mid-February in 2007. This has been supported by the [[People's Republic of China|PRC]] and [[South Korea|ROK]] delegations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/200701/26/eng20070126_345024.html |title=Swift return to Six-Party Talks called for |work=People's Daily |date=2007-01-26 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
* Both Kim Kye-gwan for North Korea and Christopher Hill for the U.S. made positive remarks about the progress of in-between-rounds one-to-one talks held from Tuesday 16 January 2007 to Thursday 18 January 2007 in Berlin, Germany, pointing to "certain agreements" being reached. They met for six hours on Tuesday and one and a half hours on Wednesday.<ref name=autogenerated3 /> North Korea has viewed these talks as the "bilateral negotiations" it has wanted with the U.S. for a long time, whereas the U.S. refers to it as talks in "preparation for the six-party talks".<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/6277551.stm | work=BBC News | title='Progress' in N Korea-US talks | date=2007-01-19 | access-date=2010-05-23}}</ref>
* U.S. Deputy Assistant Treasury Secretary Daniel Glaser is due to hold talks with his North Korean counterpart, O Kwang Chol, in Beijing, China, on Tuesday 30 January 2007 regarding partial lifting of financial sanctions, thought to be around US$13 million of the US$24 million frozen in Macau's Banco Delta Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.businessweek.com/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=28 January 2007 |archive-date=19 October 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961019132104/http://www.businessweek.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* China has confirmed on Tuesday 30 January 2007 that the third phase of talks will commence on 8 February 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tuscaloosanews.com/article/20070130/API/701300525 |title=Archived copy |access-date=30 January 2007 |archive-date=30 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165334/http://www.tuscaloosanews.com/article/20070130/API/701300525 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* North Korea was reported to agree to freeze their nuclear program in exchange for 500,000 tons of [[fuel oil]] a year, similar to the 1994 [[Agreed Framework]] just before the third phase of talks started after a pre-talk one-on-one meeting between Kim and Hill.<ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/11/content_5725886.htm |title=Six-party talks focus on energy aid, uncertainty remains for deal |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2007-02-11 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014023915/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/11/content_5725886.htm|archive-date=2012-10-14}}</ref> There were rumors that a U.S.-North Korean memorandum of understanding had been signed before this phase, although this was denied by U.S. Chief Representative Christopher Hill.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/08/content_5713268.htm |title=Hill denies signing alleged memorandum with DPRK |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2007-02-08 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203193828/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/08/content_5713268.htm|archive-date=2010-02-03}}</ref>

=== 3rd phase (8–13 February 2007) ===
''' Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Chun Yung-woo, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade <br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{USA}}: Christopher Hill, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs <br />
{{PRC}}: Wu Dawei, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau <br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Losyukov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Objectives achieved'''
* Joint Statement issued on Tuesday 13 February 2007, 3pm
** North Korea will shut down and seal the Yongbyon nuclear facility, including the reprocessing facility and invite back IAEA personnel to conduct all necessary monitoring and verifications
** In return, the other five parties in the six-party talks will provide emergency energy assistance to North Korea in the initial phase of 50,000 tons of heavy fuel oil, to commence within 60 days.
** All six parties agree to take positive steps to increase mutual trust, and make joint efforts for lasting peace and stability in Northeast Asia. Directly related parties will negotiate a permanent peace regime on the Korean Peninsula at an appropriate separate forum.
** All six parties agree on establishing five working groups – on the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, normalization of North Korea-U.S. relations, normalization of North Korea-Japan relations, economy and energy cooperation, as well as a joint Northeast Asia peace and security mechanism.
** The working groups will form specific plans for implementing the September 19 statement in their respective areas.
** All parties agree that all working groups will meet within the next 30 days
* Details of assistance will be determined through consultations and appropriate assessments in the working group on economic and energy cooperation.
* Once the initial actions are implemented, the six parties will promptly hold a ministerial meeting to confirm implementation of the joint document and explore ways and means for promoting security cooperation in Northeast Asia.
** The sixth round of six-party talks will take place on March 19, 2007. This will be to hear reports of the working groups and discuss actions for the next phase.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/13/content_5735516.htm |title=Six-party talks end with joint document |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2007-02-13 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070305192355/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/13/content_5735516.htm|archive-date=2007-03-05}}</ref>
'''Events during the 5th round, 3rd phase of talks'''
* China drew up a plan that was presented on Friday, 9 February 2007, building on the September 2005 agreement. It proposes that the Yongbyon 5MW(e) nuclear reactor be "suspended, shut down and sealed" within two months in exchange for energy supplies and economic aid by the other five countries to North Korea. It also proposed to establish "four to six" working groups on each of the outstanding issues not agreed on. Japan's Foreign Minister Taro Aso was reported to applaud the draft, hailing it as a breakthrough. However, Japanese chief representative Sasae Kenichiro and U.S. chief representative Christopher Hill were much more cautious, saying it was just a first step in a long process, but at least there was agreement by all parties on the fundamental points. North Korean chief representative Kim Kye-gwan said North Korea was "prepared to discuss initial denuclearization steps" but was "neither optimistic nor pessimistic because there are still a lot of problems to be resolved"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=2862187|last1=Kim|first1=Jack|last2=Ueno|first2=Teruaki |title= U.S. and North Korea Caution on Hope for Deal | agency=Reuters|publisher=Abcnews.go.com |date=2013-01-19 |access-date=2014-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070218004132/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=2862187|archive-date=2007-02-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21201335-31477,00.html | last = Callick | first = Rowan | date = February 10, 2007 | title=Beijing proposal opens up N-talks|work=The Australian | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211190537/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21201335-31477,00.html | archive-date=2007-02-11 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/09/content_5718339.htm |title=Six-party talks moving to a possible agreement|agency=Xinhua News Agency|date=2007-02-09 |access-date=2014-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211191953/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-02/09/content_5718339.htm|archive-date=2007-02-11}}</ref>
* China held one-on-one talks with each of the other five countries on Sunday 11 February 2007. The six countries' chief negotiators then had an hour-long meeting together in the afternoon. They did not announce any end date for this phase of talks after the meeting.<ref name=autogenerated5 />
* China's plan has run into some difficulties regarding the steps North Korea will take to denuclearize in exchange for aid. The Japanese chief representative claimed North Korea was demanding too much compensation in return for denuclearization. South Korea's chief representative Chun Yung-woo said it was "unreasonable" to expect a breakthrough on Sunday 11 February 2007. Russia's chief representative Losyukov said that the chances of reaching a two-page joint statement are slim, and if this does not work out, a Chairman's Statement will be issued.<ref name=autogenerated5 />
* On February 13, 2007, Christopher Hill announced that a tentative deal had been reached between the negotiators, and a "final text" was being circulated to the governments of the six parties for approval. Even before the deal had been approved, it was criticized by [[John R. Bolton|John Bolton]], former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, who said that it sent "exactly the wrong signal to would-be proliferators around the world".<ref>{{cite news |title='Deal reached' at N Korea talks |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6355681.stm |work=[[BBC News]] |date=2007-02-13 |access-date=2007-02-13 }}</ref>
* The Chairman's Statement adopted on February 13, 2007, was the result of 16 hours of grueling negotiations, finalized only at 2 a.m. on February 13, 2007. This was circulated to all six parties, and agreed on at around 3 p.m. that same day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2007-02/13/content_808419.htm |title=Nuclear talks appear to secure breakthrough |publisher=Chinadaily.com.cn |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>

== 6th round ==

=== 1st phase (19–22 March 2007) ===
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Chun Yung-woo, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade <br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{USA}}: Christopher Hill, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs <br />
{{PRC}}: Wu Dawei, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Director-General for Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau <br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Losyukov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Objectives achieved'''
* On March 19, 2007, the US Chief Negotiator Christopher Hill announced that all of the $25 million in funds belonging to the North Koreans in Banco Delta Asia that were frozen before were being unfrozen to reciprocate the positive steps the North Koreans have taken towards freezing their Yongbyon nuclear reactor and readmitting IAEA inspectors, with a future goal towards total nuclear disarmament of the Korean peninsula.<ref name=":0" /> However, this issue was only put on the agenda on the morning of the talks instead of before hand, so the financial transaction ran into some problems in terms of time and being cleared (by the Bank of China) for the North Koreans. The North Koreans, led by Kim Kye-gwan, refused to negotiate further until they received their money. The Americans (Christopher Hill, not Daniel Glaser) denied responsibility for the delay, citing it as a "Chinese matter". The Chinese (Wu Dawei) in turn said "there wasn't enough time to accomplish the transaction". The Bank of China has been hesitant to accept the money as Banco Delta Asia has not been removed from the US' blacklist despite having the funds in question unfrozen. Nevertheless, none of the five other parties see this financial issue as posing any obstruction to the talks. "The resolution of the BDA issue is a question of time, not a question of political will,", Chun Yung-woo, the South Korean Chief Negotiator, said. The talks have been put on recess at the end of the fourth day of talks after progress was not possible after the second day.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601101&sid=aVWf.4rVYsDQ&refer=japan | work=Bloomberg | title=North Korea Nuclear Talks Recess Amid Transfer Snafu (Update3) | date=22 March 2007}}</ref>
* The US has also admitted that this freezing of funds was a bargaining chip used to pressure North Korea to dismantle.
* The talks were abandoned as North Korea refused to proceed without receiving the $25 million in their hands.
* A South Korean newspaper reported that North Korea had taken steps to shut their Yongbyon 5MW(e) reactor though.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kaku |first=Michio |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/04/17/news/korea.php |title=Images of North Korean reactor hint at progress of talks |work=International Herald Tribune |date=2012-06-10 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>

'''Events taking place between halt and resumption of 1st phase of the 6th round of talks'''
* The 60-day deadline was obviously not met because of the above, though none of the six parties made much of a hassle about it. The US has urged North Korea to meet its commitments as soon as possible, citing this matter was no longer a US one. Russia, China and South Korea have urged patience. Japan is still pressing for the abduction issue to be resolved. It keeps conditioning its provision of economic incentives to North Korea on the full resolution of the abduction issue.<ref>Hagström, Linus (2009) "Normalizing Japan: Supporter, Nuisance, or Wielder of Power in the North Korean Nuclear Talks," Asian Survey 49 (5): 831–51, {{cite journal|doi=10.1525/as.2009.49.5.831 |title=Normalizing Japan: Supporter, Nuisance, or Wielder of Power in the North Korean Nuclear Talks? |year=2009 |last1=Hagströöm |first1=Linus |journal=Asian Survey |volume=49 |issue=5 |pages=831–851 }}</ref>
* On June 11, 2007, Russia agreed to transfer the unfrozen North Korean funds from the Macao bank and transfer them to North Korea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Russia_Agrees_To_Help_End_North_Korea_Banking_Row_999.html |title=Russia Agrees To Help End North Korea Banking Row |publisher=Spacewar.com |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
* On July 14, 2007, after receiving fuel aid from South Korea, North Korea declares it has closed the nuclear facilities at Yongbyon and says it is willing to dismantle all of its nuclear program.<ref>{{cite web|first=Burt |last=Herman |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/front/4968820.html |title=Envoy: N. Korea ready to stop nuclear programs |work=Houston Chronicle |date=2007-07-15 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref> On July 18, 2007, IAEA inspectors verify that North Korea has closed its facilities.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/07/18/nkorea.iaea/ | work=CNN | title=U.N. verifies closure of North Korean nuclear facilities | date=2007-07-18 | access-date=2010-05-23}}</ref>

=== Resumption of 1st phase (18–20 July 2007) ===
'''Representatives'''<br />
{{KOR}}: Chun Yung-woo, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade <br />
{{PRK}}: [[Kim Kye-gwan]], Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{USA}}: [[Christopher R. Hill|Christopher Hill]], Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs <br />
{{PRC}}: [[Wu Dawei]], Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau <br />
{{RUS}}: [[Vladimir Rakhmanin]], Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Objectives achieved'''
* Joint Statement issued on Friday July 20, 2007<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/223847.html |title=Full text of press communique released at new round of six-nation : International : Home |publisher=English.hani.co.kr |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
** The six parties expressed satisfaction with the constructive efforts made by all parties to advance the six-party talks process and welcomed that productive bilateral consultations and coordination were conducted to enhance their mutual trust and improved relations with each other.
** The parties restated their commitment to the Joint Statement of 19 September 2005 and the agreement of 13 February 2007 and undertook to fulfill their respective obligations under those agreements in line with the principle of "action for action".
** North Korea confirmed its agreement to disclose all nuclear programs and disable all facilities related to its nuclear programs.
** Agreement for the five working groups to meet before August to discuss plans for the implementation of the general consensus.
** Talks will resume in September to hear the report of the working groups and work out a roadmap for implementing the general consensus. After the end of the next phase of talks the six parties will hold a ministerial meeting in Beijing as soon as possible to confirm and promote the implementation of the September 19 Joint Statement, the February 13 agreement and the general consensus, and explore ways and means to enhance security cooperation in Northeast Asia.
* A deadline was not decided on during the talks until the working groups have a chance to meet. This is likely because the deadlines set in talks earlier in the year were not met.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/7/20/worldupdates/2007-07-20T144737Z_01_NOOTR_RTRMDNC_0_-285706-3&sec=Worldupdates |title=North Korea talks end but wrangling to continue |publisher=Thestar.com.my |access-date=2014-01-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004153922/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2007%2F7%2F20%2Fworldupdates%2F2007-07-20T144737Z_01_NOOTR_RTRMDNC_0_-285706-3&sec=Worldupdates |archive-date=2012-10-04 }}</ref>
* North Korea warned of a "crisis" over Japan's refusal to fund energy assistance. Japan says it will not share the costs of the assistance until North Korea resolves the abductee issue.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601101&sid=aFiwMiCVUwNE&refer=japan | work=Bloomberg | title=North Korea Warns Japan Courts 'Disaster' Over Abductee Demands | date=21 July 2007}}</ref>

'''Events taking place between 1st and 2nd phase of the 6th round of talks'''
* South Korean President Roh Moo-hyun proposed forming a Korean Economic Community to be discussed in new inter-Korean talks.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSSEO17047220070815 | title=S.Korea's Roh seeks economic community with North | date=2007-08-15 | work=Reuters}}</ref>
* US President George Bush says he will work on a peace agreement on the Korean Peninsula when North Korea completely disarms.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/usa/story/0,,2164812,00.html | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Bush offers North Korea a deal to end the world's oldest cold war | first=Jonathan | last=Watts | date=2007-09-08 | access-date=2010-05-23}}</ref>
* Israel reveals an IAF strike in Syria on September 6 was targeting a Syrian nuclear facility built with assistance from North Korea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=2&article_id=85466 |title=Politics – Israel 'warned US about North Korea-Syria link' |publisher=The Daily Star |date=2007-09-22 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
* Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is replaced with Yasuo Fukuda. Fukuda has pledge to lead improve ties with North Korea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/news/stories/s2041331.htm |title=News – New Japan PM promises NKorea flexibility |publisher=Radio Australia |date=2007-09-24 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>

=== 2nd phase (27–30 September 2007) ===
'''Representatives'''

{{KOR}}: Chun Yung-woo, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade <br />
{{PRK}}: Kim Kye-gwan, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{USA}}: Christopher Hill, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs <br />
{{PRC}}: Wu Dawei, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs <br />
{{JPN}}: Sasae Kenichiro, Deputy Director-General of Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau <br />
{{RUS}}: Alexander Losyukov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

'''Objectives achieved'''
* Reports from working groups heard and endorsed.
* Implementation of initial actions of February 13, 2007 Agreement confirmed
* List of Second Phase Actions for Implementation of Joint Statement issued 2 October 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/n_korea/6party/action0710.html |title=Second-Phase Actions for the Implementation of the Joint Statement (Six-Party Talks on North Korean Issues) |publisher=MOFA |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>
** DPRK agreed to disable all nuclear facilities subject to September 2005 Joint Statement and February 13 Agreement, including the disablement of three facilities at Yongbyan by 31 December 2007: the 5 MW Experimental Reactor, the Reprocessing Plant, and the Nuclear Fuel Rod Fabrication Facility.
** The DPRK agreed to provide a complete and correct declaration of all its nuclear programs in accordance with the February 13 agreement by 31 December 2007.
** The DPRK and the United States will increase bilateral exchanges and enhance mutual trust. The U.S. will fulfill its commitments to the DPRK (regarding the processes of removing the designation of the DPRK as a [[State Sponsors of Terrorism|state sponsor of terrorism]], and that of terminating the application of the Trading with the Enemy Act to the DPRK) in parallel with the DPRK's actions, as based on consensus reached at the meetings of the Working Group on Normalization of DPRK-U.S. Relations.
** The DPRK and Japan will hold intensive consultations to make sincere efforts to normalize their relations expeditiously in accordance with the Pyongyang Declaration.
** In accordance with the February 13 agreement, economic, energy and humanitarian assistance up to the equivalent of one million tons of [[Heavy fuel oil|HFO]] (inclusive of the 100,000 tons of HFO already delivered) will be provided to the DPRK. Specific modalities will be finalized through discussion by the Working Group on Economy and Energy Cooperation.<ref>{{cite web
  | last = Hayes
  | first = Peter
  | title = The Six-Party Talks: Meeting North Korea's energy needs
  | publisher = Thebulletin.org
  | date = 2007-11-13
  | url = http://www.thebulletin.org/web-edition/features/the-six-party-talks-meeting-north-korea%E2%80%99s-energy-needs
  | access-date = 2006-09-28
  | archive-date = 2 June 2013
  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130602180507/http://www.thebulletin.org/web-edition/features/the-six-party-talks-meeting-north-korea%E2%80%99s-energy-needs
  | url-status = dead
  }}</ref>
** The Parties reiterated that the Six-Party Ministerial Meeting will be held in Beijing at an appropriate time.
* A final meeting was decided on before the end of 2007.<ref>{{cite web|title=Date of 6-sided meeting on NKorea to be set by yearend – Losyukov|date=1 October 2007|url=http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=11923173&PageNum=0|agency=Itar-Tass|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002223641/http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=11923173&PageNum=0 |archive-date=2007-10-02 }}</ref> However, this was never realized because despite the DPRK issuing a report of its inventory in November 2007 and thus claiming that since it fulfilled its side of the bargain, it was waiting for its promised shipment of aid, the US claimed the inventory list was definitely incomplete and until the complete list was given by the DPRK, aid would be suspended. There have been numerous US-DPRK bilateral meetings held in Beijing and Geneva since the end of this phase of this round of talks.

== Discontinuation of talks in 2009 ==
On April 5, 2009, North Korea proceeded with its announced [[Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2|satellite launch]], despite international pressure not to do so. The pressure was due to international belief that the satellite launch was in fact a test of [[ICBM]] technology. The launch was a failure, and it landed in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. Despite the failure, U.S. President [[Barack Obama]] responded that "violations must be punished."<ref>[https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the_press_office/Remarks-By-President-Barack-Obama-In-Prague-As-Delivered/ Remarks by President Barack Obama] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610235129/http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Remarks-By-President-Barack-Obama-In-Prague-As-Delivered/ |date=June 10, 2015 }}, Prague, April 5, 2009.</ref> South Korea urged heavier [[sanctions against North Korea]]. On April 13, the [[United Nations Security Council]] agreed unanimously to a Presidential Statement that condemned North Korea for the launch and stated the council's intention to expand sanctions on North Korea.<ref name="UN_SPV6106">{{UN document |docid=S-PV-6106 |type=Verbatim Report |body=Security Council |meeting=6106 |accessdate=2009-04-16}}</ref><ref>[https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2009/sc9634.doc.htm SC/9364] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904142215/http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2009/sc9634.doc.htm |date=September 4, 2014 }} Security Council Condemns Launch by Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Agrees to Adjust Travel Ban, Assets Freeze, Arms Embargo Imposed in 2006, April 13, 2009</ref> The following day, [[North Korea]], responding angrily to the UN Security Council's resolution, said that it "will never again take part in such [six party] talks and will not be bound by any agreement reached at the talks." North Korea expelled nuclear inspectors from the country and also informed the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] that they would resume their nuclear weapons program.<ref name="NYT halt talks">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/15/world/asia/15korea.html?ref=global-home|title=North Korea Says It Will Halt Talks and Restart Its Nuclear Program |last=Landler|first=Mark|date=2009-04-14|work=The New York Times|access-date=2009-04-15}}</ref>

On May 25, 2009, North Korea [[2009 North Korean nuclear test|detonated a nuclear device underground]].<ref name="bbc">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8066615.stm|title=North Korea conducts nuclear test|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123154242/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8066615.stm |archive-date=November 23, 2016|work=[[BBC News]]|date=25 May 2009}}</ref> The test was condemned by the United Nations,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE54O4FS20090525|title=U.N. Security Council condemns North Korea nuclear test|work=Reuters|date=2009-05-25|access-date=2009-05-26 | first=Louis | last=Charbonneau}}</ref> NATO,<ref>{{cite news|title=FACTBOX-Reaction to North Korea's nuclear test|work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/feeds/reuters/2009/05/25/2009-05-25T165856Z_01_SP357834_RTRIDST_0_KOREA-NORTH-REACTION-FACTBOX.html |date=2009-05-25 |access-date=2009-05-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531054141/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/reuters/2009/05/25/2009-05-25T165856Z_01_SP357834_RTRIDST_0_KOREA-NORTH-REACTION-FACTBOX.html |archive-date=May 31, 2009 }}</ref> the other five members of the six-party talks, and many other countries worldwide.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}} On October 11, 2011, South Korea appointed a new envoy to the six-party talks; Lim Sung-Nam, who worked for the Ministry of Tourism and Sport beforehand.

On November 10, 2009, the [[Daecheong incident]] took place.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/southkorea/6536557/North-and-South-Korea-warships-exchange-fire.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | first=Peter | last=Foster | title=North and South Korea warships exchange fire | date=10 November 2009}}</ref> On this date North and South Korean ships exchanged fire. The Southern vessel was almost unharmed while the North reportedly sustained heavy casualties.

==North Korean attacks in 2010==
''[[ROKS Cheonan|Cheonan]]'', a South Korean patrol vessel with 104 people aboard, [[ROKS Cheonan sinking|sank]] after an unexplained explosion tore through its hull while conducting a normal mission in the vicinity of [[Baengnyeong Island]] at 9:22&nbsp;p.m. on March 26, 2010. An investigation conducted by an international team of experts from South Korea, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Sweden concluded that ''Cheonan'' was sunk by a torpedo launched by a North Korean Yeono class miniature submarine.<ref name="Korea Times">{{cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2010/09/205_72997.html |title=Seoul reaffirms N. Korea's torpedo attack in final report |date=13 September 2010 |publisher=Koreatimes.co.kr |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref><ref name="cnn world">{{cite news |url=http://articles.cnn.com/2010-03-26/world/south.korea.ship.sinking_1_korean-broadcasting-system-kbs-north-korea?_s=PM:WORLD |title=Report: South Korean navy ship sinks - CNN.com |publisher=Articles.cnn.com |date=2010-03-27 |access-date=2014-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713090742/http://articles.cnn.com/2010-03-26/world/south.korea.ship.sinking_1_korean-broadcasting-system-kbs-north-korea?_s=PM:WORLD |archive-date=2012-07-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This incident caused rising tension and antagonism between North and South Korea.

On October 26, 2010, [[Red Cross]] officials of North Korea and South Korea held meetings to discuss ways of further family reunions, but failed to reach agreement. So did [[United Nations Command|UNC]] and North Korea, failing to arrange higher-level meeting.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xnhPyHbdD-gC&dq=Wu+dawei+red+cross&pg=PA16 Korea 2011: Politics, Economy and Society]'', Rüdiger Frank, James E. Hoare, Patrick Köllner, Susan Pares.  2011.</ref>

On November 23, 2010, North Korea shelled South Korea's [[Yeonpyeong]] Island. Two South Korean soldiers were killed and a dozen injured after North Korea fired dozens of artillery shells onto a South Korean island setting more than 60 houses ablaze and sending civilians fleeing. These two incidents stood in the way of holding six-party talks during this period.<ref name="The Dong-a Ilbo">{{cite web|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?bicode=050000&biid=2010112430388 |title=NK fires shells onto S. Korean island, kills 2 Marines |work=The Dong-a Ilbo |date=2010-11-24 |access-date=2014-01-20}}</ref>

==Proposed resumptions==
On 29 February 2012, the United States and North Korea announced a "leap day" agreement that the United States would provide substantial food aid in return for the North agreeing to a moratorium on uranium enrichment and missile testing and a return of IAEA inspectors to Yongbyon, leading to a resumption of the six-party talks.<ref>{{cite news|title=North Korean nuclear progress: Leap of faith|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/2012/03/north-korean-nuclear-progress|access-date=17 March 2012|newspaper=The Economist online|date=1 March 2012}}</ref> On 16 March 2012, North Korea announced it was planning to launch a satellite to commemorate the late founder [[Kim il-Sung]]'s 100th birthday, drawing condemnation by the other five participants in the six-party talks, casting doubt on the "leap day" agreement.<ref>{{cite news|title=North Korea Says It Will Launch Satellite Into Orbit|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/17/world/asia/north-korea-satellite-launch-missile-test.html?pagewanted=all|access-date=17 March 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=16 March 2012|first1=Choe|last1=Sang-hun|first2=Steven Lee|last2=Myers}}</ref> On 6 April 2012, North Korea's satellite failed to enter into orbit, and was declared a failure by the United States and South Korea. In addition, the launch was described as a provocative test of missile technology, and the United States subsequently announced the suspension of food aid to North Korea.<ref>{{cite news|title=North Korea Rocket 2012: Launch Reported By South Korea|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/12/north-korea-rocket-2012-l_n_1422319.html|access-date=6 April 2012|newspaper=Huffington Post|date=12 April 2012}}</ref>

On 29{{nbsp}}January 2014, the official Chinese [[Xinhua News Agency]] announced on Twitter that the DPRK ambassador to China had received DPRK agreement on resumption of the six-party talks and called on the United States to fulfill its related obligations.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tweet by Xinhua News Agency: DPRK ambassador to China on resumption of six-party talks|url=https://twitter.com/XHNews/statuses/428431591141298177|access-date=17 February 2014|work=Twitter|agency=Xinhua News Agency|date=29 January 2014}}</ref>

On April 5, 2018, [[China]]'s [[paramount leader]] [[Xi Jinping]] announced that after a [[Kim–Xi meetings|meeting]] with [[List of leaders of North Korea|North Korea's supreme leader]] [[Kim Jong-un]] that Kim is willing to resume talks. Further updates are pending.

On April 25, 2019, after his [[2019 North Korea–Russia summit|first meeting]] with Kim Jong-un, [[President of Russia|Russian President]] Vladimir Putin said that he believed any U.S. guarantees might need to be supported by the other nations involved in previous six-way talks on the nuclear issue. Putin promised to brief the Chinese and U.S. leadership about his talks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Putin says U.S. guarantees unlikely to prompt North Korea to de-nuclearize |last1=Soldatkin |first1=Vladimir |last2=Vasilyeva |first2=Maria |date=25 April 2019 |work=Reuters |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-russia/putin-says-u-s-guarantees-unlikely-to-prompt-north-korea-to-de-nuclearize-idUSKCN1S02TP }}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Politics}}
* [[2006 North Korean nuclear test]]
* [[Agreed Framework]] (United States–North Korea)
* [[History of Japan–Korea relations]]
* [[North Korea–United States relations]]
* [[Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center]]
* [[2018–19 Korean peace process]]
* [[P5+1]]

== Notes and references ==
<!-- This article uses [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]]. Please use this format when adding references to material in the article. External links added directly to this section will be swiftly deleted without notice. -->
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* Linus Hagström and Marie Söderberg (2006) [http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415399166/ ''North Korea Policy: Japan and the Great Powers''], London and New York: Routledge.
* [http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx/t297463.htm Initial Actions for the Implementation of the Joint Statement] (Full text of Chairman's Statement), [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]], [[People's Republic of China]], 13 February 2007
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061127182306/http://www.pbs.org/now/shows/227/north-korea-missile-test.html The Best U.S. Response to North Korea's Failed Missile Test] ''NOW on PBS'', July 7, 2006
* [http://www.acronym.org.uk/dd/dd82/82hz.htm North Korean Denuclearisation: A Chinese View of the Way Forward] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415084554/http://www.acronym.org.uk/dd/dd82/82hz.htm |date=April 15, 2011 }}, [[Acronym Institute]], Disarmament Diplomacy, Spring 2006
* {{cite web |url= http://www.twq.com/05autumn/docs/05autumn_park.pdf |title= Inside Multilateralism: The Six-Party Talks |access-date= January 8, 2007 |archive-date= December 30, 2006 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20061230192135/http://www.twq.com/05autumn/docs/05autumn_park.pdf |url-status= dead }}&nbsp;{{small|(113&nbsp;KB)}}, John S. Park, [[The Washington Quarterly]], Vol. 28, No. 4, Autumn 2005
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/19/international/asia/19korea.html North Korea Says It Will Abandon Nuclear Efforts], [[New York Times]], September 19, 2005
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/20/international/asia/20korea.html U.S.-Korean Deal on Arms Leaves Key Points Open], [[New York Times]], September 20, 2005
* [http://www.korea.net/News/News/NewsView.asp?serial_no=20050919013 Nuke talks reach agreements] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124082632/http://www.korea.net/News/News/NewsView.asp?serial_no=20050919013 |date=November 24, 2007 }}, [[Korea.Net]], September 19, 2005
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051222082506/http://www.nautilus.org/napsnet/sr/2005/0577Agreement.html Full Text of Six-nation Statement on North Korea], [[Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability|Nautilus Institute]], September 20, 2005
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051222090859/http://www.nautilus.org/fora/security/0578LWR.html Light Water Reactors at the Six Party Talks: The Barrier that Makes the Water Flow], [[Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability|Nautilus Institute]], September 21, 2005
* [http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx/t221094.htm Full text of Chairman's Statement], [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]], [[People's Republic of China]], 11 November 2005
* [http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/nation/200511/kt2005111417033311950.htm North Korea Unveils 5-Step Roadmap for Scrapping Nukes]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[Korea Times]], 14 November 2005
* [http://www.opendemocracy.net/globalization-institutions_government/northkorea_3445.jsp North Korea and the "six-party talks": a road to nowhere], David Wall, [[openDemocracy]], 12 April 2006
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060518092046/http://www.usip.org/pubs/usipeace_briefings/2006/0517_six_party_talks.html Whither the Six-Party Talks?] [[U.S. Institute of Peace]] Briefing, May 2006
* [http://english.ohmynews.com/ArticleView/article_view.asp?menu=A11100&no=345592&rel_no=1 A Denuclearization Deal in Beijing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124080444/http://english.ohmynews.com/ArticleView/article_view.asp?menu=A11100&no=345592&rel_no=1 |date=November 24, 2007 }}, Gavan McCormack, 2007-02-15 – step-by-step review of Bush policies towards the negotiations
* Linus Hagström (2009) [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.1525/as.2009.49.5.831?uid=16801488&uid=3738984&uid=2&uid=3&uid=18149320&uid=67&uid=62&sid=21101166739457 "Normalizing Japan: Supporter, Nuisance, or Wielder of Power in the North Korean Nuclear Talks"] [[Asian Survey]] 49 (5): 831–51.
* [https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/eap/rls/rm/2007/81204.htm North Korea and the Current Status of Six-Party Agreement], [[Christopher R. Hill]], [[Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs]], [[House Foreign Affairs Committee]], February 28, 2007. {{Cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/eap/rls/rm/2007/81204.htm |title=North Korea and the Current Status of Six-Party Agreement |date=February 28, 2007 |access-date=June 25, 2017 |df=mdy-all }}
* Richard S. Tracey [https://web.archive.org/web/20090617095049/http://www.au.af.mil/au/ssq/2009/Summer/tracey.pdf ''Using the PATRIOT Act to Turn North Korea's Dirty Money into a Bargaining Chip''], Strategic Studies Quarterly, Summer 2009.
* [https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-korean-nuclear-issue-past-present-and-future/ The Korean nuclear issue: Past, present, and future] by Fu Ying

{{Nuclear program of North Korea}}

[[Category:History of international relations]]
[[Category:Nuclear program of North Korea]]
[[Category:Multilateral relations of Russia]]
[[Category:Multilateral relations of China]]
[[Category:Diplomatic conferences in China]]
[[Category:21st-century diplomatic conferences]]
[[Category:North Korea–South Korea relations]]