View source for Marc Garneau

{{Short description|Canadian astronaut and politician (born 1949)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[The Honourable]]
| name                = Marc Garneau
| honorific-suffix    = {{post-nominals|country=CAN|PC|CC|CD|size=100%}}
| image               = Marc Garneau STS-97.jpg
| caption             = Garneau in 2000 as a mission specialist for [[STS-97]]
| office              = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
| primeminister       = [[Justin Trudeau]]
| predecessor         = [[François-Philippe Champagne]]
| successor           = [[Mélanie Joly]]
| term_start          = January 12, 2021
| term_end            = October 26, 2021
| office1             = [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]]
| primeminister1      = [[Justin Trudeau]]
| predecessor1        = [[Lisa Raitt]]
| successor1          = [[Omar Alghabra]]
| term_start1         = November 4, 2015
| term_end1           = January 12, 2021
| parliament2         = Canadian
| riding2             = [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount]]<br />{{small|([[Westmount—Ville-Marie]]; 2008–2015)}}
| term_start2         = October 14, 2008
| term_end2           = March 8, 2023
| predecessor2        = [[Lucienne Robillard]]
| successor2          = [[Anna Gainey]]
| office3             = [[President of the Canadian Space Agency]]
| appointer3          = [[Jean Chretien]]
| term_start3         = November 22, 2001
| term_end3           = November 28, 2005
| predecessor3        = William MacDonald Evans
| successor3          = [[Laurier J. Boisvert]]
| birth_name          = Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1949|02|23}}
| birth_place         = [[Quebec City]], Quebec, Canada
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]]
| education           = [[Royal Military College of Canada]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])<br>[[Imperial College London]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])<br>[[Canadian Forces College]]
| website             = {{URL|marcgarneau.ca}}
| allegiance          = {{flag|Canada}}
| branch              = {{navy|Canada|name=Maritime Command}}
| rank                = [[Captain (Canadian naval rank)|Captain]]
| serviceyears        = 1974–1989
| module              = {{Infobox astronaut
|child            = yes
|type             = [[National Research Council (Canada)|NRC]]/[[CSA astronaut]]
|time             = 29&nbsp;days,  2&nbsp;hours, 1&nbsp;minute
|selection        = [[List of astronauts by year of selection#1983|1983 NRC Group]]<br>[[NASA Astronaut Group 14|NASA Group 14 (1992)]]
|mission          = [[STS-41-G]]<br>[[STS-77]]<br>[[STS-97]]
|insignia         = [[File:STS-41-G patch.png|50px]] [[File:STS-77 patch.svg|50px]] [[File:Sts-97-patch.svg|50px]]}}
}}

'''Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau''' ({{IPA|fr|maʁk ɡaʁno}}; born February 23, 1949) is a retired [[Canadian Armed Forces]] officer, astronaut and politician. Garneau served as a naval officer before being selected as an astronaut as part of the [[List of astronauts by year of selection#1983|1983 NRC Group]]. He became the first Canadian in space on October 5, 1984, and flew on three [[Space Shuttle]] missions. From 2001 to 2005, Garneau was president of the [[Canadian Space Agency]] (CSA). Garneau entered politics and was elected to the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] in 2008, serving as a Montreal-area [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|member of Parliament]] (MP) until 2023. A member of the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]], Garneau served as [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)|minister of foreign affairs]] from January to October in 2021 and as [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|minister of transport]] from 2015 to 2021.

Born in [[Quebec City]], Garneau joined the Canadian Armed Forces, graduating a bachelor's degree in engineering physics from the [[Royal Military College of Canada]] in 1970, and serving with Maritime Command (now known as the Royal Canadian Navy) as a combat systems engineer. He earned a PhD in electrical engineering from [[Imperial College of Science and Technology]] in 1973. In 1983, Garneau was selected to be an astronaut. In 1984, he became the first Canadian in space as part of [[STS-41-G]] and served on two subsequent missions: [[STS-77]] and [[STS-97]]. He was appointed executive vice president of the CSA in February 2001, before becoming the agency's president in November. Garneau resigned from the CSA in 2005, and was elected to [[Parliament of Canada|Parliament]] in 2008. The Liberal Party formed government following the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 election]] and Garneau was appointed to Cabinet. After serving as transport minister and foreign affairs minister, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau did not appoint Garneau to another portfolio after a Cabinet shuffle following the [[2021 Canadian federal election|2021 election]]. In 2023, Garneau retired from politics.

==Early life==
Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau was born on February 23, 1949, in Quebec City, [[Quebec]], Canada. He attended primary and secondary schools in Quebec City and [[Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu]]. He also has a brother, Philippe Garneau.<ref name =”Encyclopedia Canada”>
{{Cite encyclopedia
| last1          = Côt
| first1         = Françoise
| last2          = Bonikowsky
| first2         = Laura Neilson
| title          = Marc Garneau
| encyclopedia   = [[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] 
| publisher      = [[Historica Canada]]
| location       = Toronto
| date           = 15 March 2023
| url            = https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marc-garneau
| access-date    = 5 November 2024
}}</ref>

==Education and military career==
Garneau graduated from the [[Royal Military College of Canada]] in 1970 with a [[Bachelor of Science|bachelor of science]] in [[engineering physics]] and began his career in the [[Canadian Armed Forces|Canadian Forces]] [[Royal Canadian Navy|Maritime Command]].<ref name="bio">{{cite web|title=Marc Garneau Biography|url=http://marcgarneau.liberal.ca/en/biography/|access-date=December 12, 2011|publisher=Liberal Party of Canada}}</ref>

In 1973 he received a PhD in electrical engineering from the [[Imperial College of Science and Technology]] in [[London]], England. His thesis was entitled "The Perception of Facial Images". The [[Photofit]] [[analogue computer]] was used by him to discriminate facial features.<ref name="garneau73">{{cite book|last1=Garneau|first1=Marc Jean-Pierre|url=https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/bitstream/10044/1/20424/2/Garneau-MJ-1973-PhD-Thesis.pdf|title=The Perception of Facial Images|date=1973|publisher=Imperial College of Science and Technology|location=London}}</ref>

In 1974, Garneau served as a naval combat systems engineer aboard {{HMCS|Algonquin|DDG 283|6}}.

From 1982 to 1983, he attended the [[Canadian Forces College|Canadian Forces Command and Staff College]] in Toronto. While there, he was promoted to the rank of [[Commander (Canada)|commander]] and was transferred to Ottawa in 1983. In January 1986, he was promoted to [[Captain (Canadian naval rank)|captain(N)]]. Garneau retired from the Canadian Forces in 1989.<ref name="bio" />

==Space career==
Garneau was one of six first Canadian Astronauts and he became the first Canadian in outer space on October 5, 1984.<ref name="NASA">{{cite web|title=Marc Garneau (PH.D.) Astronaut, Canadian Space Agency (Former)|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/garneau.html|publisher=NASA|access-date=December 12, 2011}}</ref> In 1984, he was seconded to the new [[Canadian Astronaut Corps|Canadian Astronaut Program]] (CAP), one of six chosen from over 4,000 applicants; of these six he was the only military officer.

Garneau flew on the Space Shuttle [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']], [[STS-41-G]] from October 5 to 13, 1984, as [[payload specialist]]. He was promoted to captain(N) in 1986, and left the Canadian Forces in 1989, to become deputy director of the CAP. In 1992–93, he underwent further training to become a [[mission specialist]]. He worked as [[Capsule communicator|CAPCOM]] for a number of shuttle flights and was on two further flights himself: [[STS-77]] (May 19 to 29, 1996) and [[STS-97]] (to the [[International Space Station|ISS]], November 30 to December 11, 2000).<ref name="Garneau’s Second Trip to Space">{{cite news |author1=CP Staff |title=It's trip No.2 for Marc |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-its-trip-no2-for-marc/158352934/ |access-date=3 November 2024 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |agency=[[The Canadian Press]] |publisher=[[Torstar]] |date=20 May 1996 |location=Toronto |page=A3 | via = [[Newspapers.com]] | issn = 0319-0781}}</ref><ref name="Garneau on STS-97">{{cite news |last1=Wattie |first1=Chris |title=Canadian treats mission as his last |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/national-post-canadian-treats-mission-as/158352091/ |access-date=3 November 2024 |work=[[National Post]] |publisher=[[Hollinger Inc.]] |date=1 December 2000 |location=Toronto |page=A8 | via = Newspapers.com | issn = 1486-8008}}</ref> He has logged over 677 hours in space.<ref>{{cite web|title=Biographical Data: Mark Garneau|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/garneau.html|publisher=NASA|access-date=November 9, 2012}}</ref>

On February 1, 2001, Garneau was appointed executive vice-president of the [[Canadian Space Agency]] (CSA).<ref name="VP-CSA">{{cite news |last1=Spears |first1=Tom |date=2 February 2001 |title=Astronaut Garneau lands down-to-earth job |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-citizen-astronaut-garneau-lan/158353885/ |access-date=3 November 2024 |work=[[The Ottawa Citizen]] |publisher=Southam News |location=[[Ottawa]] |page=A3 |via=Newspapers.com |issn=0839-3222}}</ref> On September 28, 2001, the government announced his appointment as president of the CSA, replacing [[Meanings_of_minor-planet_names:_10001%E2%80%9311000#080|Mac Evans]] in that position on November 22, 2001.<ref name="New Head of CSA">{{cite news |author1=CP Staff |date=29 September 2001 |title=Garneau to head agency |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-garneau-to-head-agency/158358313/ |access-date=3 November 2024 |work=Toronto Star |publisher=Torstar |location=Toronto |page=A23 |via=Newspapers.com |issn=0319-0781 |agency=The Canadian Press}}</ref> Garneau resigned from the Canadian Space Agency on November 28, 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 22, 2006 |title=Marc Garneau |url=https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/multimedia/search/image/264 |website=Canadian Space Agency}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" style="text-align:left">
File:STS-41-G crew.jpg|Crew members of [[STS-41-G]] in 1984
File:Marc Garneau - Astronaut Portrait.jpg|Garneau in 1992, while training with [[NASA]] as a mission specialist
File:STS-77 crew.jpg|Crew members of [[STS-77]] in 1996
File:STS-97 crew.jpg|Crew members of [[STS-97]] in 1999
File:STS-97 Marc Garneau in the hatchway to PMA-3 (cropped).jpg|Garneau floats in the hatchway that leads to [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Endeavour]]
</gallery>

==Political career==
Garneau served as the member of Parliament (MP) for the [[Montreal]] riding of [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount]], and its predecessor [[Westmount—Ville-Marie]] since the [[2008 Canadian federal election|2008 federal election]], winning by over 9,000 votes.<ref name="spaceman wins seat">{{cite news|last=C.|first=Martin|date=October 15, 2008|title=Spaceman lands safely in Westmount-Ville Marie|newspaper=The West Island Chronicle | location = Montreal | publisher = [[Transcontinental (company) | Transcontinental Inc.]]|url=http://www.westislandchronicle.com/Politics/2008-10-15/article-635576/Spaceman-lands-safely-in-WestmountVille-Marie/1|url-status=dead|access-date=4 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622053429/http://www.westislandchronicle.com/Politics/2008-10-15/article-635576/Spaceman-lands-safely-in-WestmountVille-Marie/1|archive-date=June 22, 2013}}</ref> He was re-elected to the House of Commons in the [[2011 Canadian federal election|2011 federal election]] by 642 votes,<ref name="wins">{{cite news|last=Faure|first=Elisabeth|date=May 3, 2011|title=Garneau wins by 658 votes|newspaper=The Westmount Examiner|url=http://www.westmountexaminer.com/News/Local/2011-05-03/article-2474898/Garneau-wins-by-658-votes/1|url-status=dead|access-date=December 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505042506/http://www.westmountexaminer.com/News/Local/2011-05-03/article-2474898/Garneau-wins-by-658-votes/1|archive-date=May 5, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Official Voting Results / Résultats officiels du scrutin FORTY-FIRST GENERAL ELECTION 2011 / QUARANTE ET UNIÈME ÉLECTION GÉNÉRALE 2011|url=http://www.elections.ca/scripts/ovr2011/default.html|access-date=December 12, 2011|publisher=Elections Canada}}</ref> and in the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 federal election]] with a majority of over 18,000. Previously, he unsuccessfully stood in the riding of [[Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district)|Vaudreuil—Soulanges]] at the [[2006 Canadian federal election|2006 federal election]].

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his candidacy for the leadership of the Liberal Party to be decided in April 2013. On March 13, 2013, Garneau formally withdrew his bid for the party leadership.<ref name="Garneau">{{cite news|last=Beardsley|first=Keith|date=March 13, 2013|title=Garneau Stayed in the Race too Long|newspaper=huffingtonpost.ca|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/keith-beardsley/garneau-quits_b_2868194.html|access-date=April 1, 2013}}</ref> On November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed as [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]] in the [[29th Canadian Ministry]]. He became Minister of Foreign Affairs on January 12, 2021 after a cabinet reshuffle.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 11, 2021|title=PM to shuffle cabinet with Navdeep Bains retiring from politics|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/pm-to-shuffle-cabinet-with-navdeep-bains-retiring-from-politics-1.5262884|website=CTVNews}}</ref>

=== Initial steps (2006–2008) ===
Garneau resigned as the president of the Canadian Space Agency to run for the Liberal Party of Canada in the [[2006 Canadian federal election|2006 federal election]] in the riding of [[Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district)|Vaudreuil—Soulanges]], which was then held by [[Meili Faille]] of the [[Bloc Québécois]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Canadian to live on space station|url=http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=d9b95058-afc9-4b08-935c-693087c5584a|access-date=October 20, 2012|newspaper=The Calgary Herald|date=February 12, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923224042/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=d9b95058-afc9-4b08-935c-693087c5584a|archive-date=September 23, 2015}}</ref> The Liberal Party's support dropped off considerably in Quebec after the [[Sponsorship scandal]] and though considered a [[star candidate]], Garneau lost to Faille by over nine thousand votes.<ref>{{cite news|title=Voters deliver high-profile wins, defeats|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/voters-deliver-high-profile-wins-defeats-1.619524|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=January 24, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Conservatives make breakthrough in Quebec; Bloc wins 51 seats|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/conservatives-make-breakthrough-in-quebec-bloc-wins-51-seats-1.586146|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=January 24, 2006}}</ref>

In the [[2006 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election|2006 Liberal Party leadership election]] Garneau announced his support for perceived front-runner [[Michael Ignatieff]], who lost to [[Stéphane Dion]] on the final ballot.<ref>{{cite news|title=Backroom pressure mounts|url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=d48aa656-315a-4cc2-9310-61cf4b3d22ec|access-date=October 20, 2012|newspaper=Canwest News Service|date=December 2, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143411/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=d48aa656-315a-4cc2-9310-61cf4b3d22ec|archive-date=September 24, 2015}}</ref> With the resignation of Liberal MP [[Jean Lapierre]] in 2007, Garneau expressed interest in being the party's candidate in Lapierre's former riding of [[Outremont (electoral district)|Outremont]].<ref name="confirmed">{{cite news|title=Garneau confirmed on local ballot|url=http://www.westmountexaminer.com/Politics/2007-10-19/article-673308/Garneau-confirmed-on-local-ballot/1|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=Westmount Examiner|date=October 19, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505042146/http://www.westmountexaminer.com/Politics/2007-10-19/article-673308/Garneau-confirmed-on-local-ballot/1|archive-date=May 5, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dion instead appointed [[Jocelyn Coulon]] as the party's candidate, who went on to be defeated by the [[New Democratic Party (Canada)|New Democratic Party's]] [[Thomas Mulcair]] in the by-election.<ref>{{cite news|title=NDP takes Outremont|url=http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=90fd99ba-7462-4b2a-8433-424388603d69|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=September 18, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119172044/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=90fd99ba-7462-4b2a-8433-424388603d69|archive-date=January 19, 2013}}</ref>

In May 2007, Garneau filed nomination papers to be the party's candidate in Westmount—Ville-Marie, after former Liberal Party deputy leader [[Lucienne Robillard]] announced she would not be seeking re-election. However, a week after filing his nomination papers Dion announced that he had hand-picked a candidate for the riding. Garneau later withdrew his nomination papers and announced he no longer had an interest in politics. In October 2007, Garneau and Dion held a joint news conference where they announced that Garneau would be the Liberal Party candidate in Westmount—Ville-Marie.<ref name="confirmed"/> Robillard announced her resignation as Member of Parliament in January and a by-election was later scheduled for September 8, 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Larsen|first=Wayne|title=Garneau looks forward to by-election|url=http://www.westmountexaminer.com/LocalNews/2008-06-11/article-1538211/Garneau-looks-forward-to-byelection/1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209093113/http://www.westmountexaminer.com/LocalNews/2008-06-11/article-1538211/Garneau-looks-forward-to-byelection/1|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 9, 2013|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=Montréal Express|date=June 11, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Harper calls three federal by elections for early September|url=http://www.paherald.sk.ca/Politics/2008-07-25/article-177179/Harper-calls-three-federal-byelections-for-early-September/1|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Press|date=July 25, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505041359/http://www.paherald.sk.ca/Politics/2008-07-25/article-177179/Harper-calls-three-federal-byelections-for-early-September/1|archive-date=May 5, 2014}}</ref> However, the by-election was cancelled during the campaign when Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] called a [[2008 Canadian federal election|general election for October 14, 2008]]. Though some pundits predicted a close race between Garneau and NDP candidate [[Anne Lagacé Dowson|Anne Lagacé-Dowson]], Garneau went on to win the riding by over 9,000 votes.<ref name="spaceman wins seat"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Tight Liberal/NDP race predicted for Westmount-Ville Marie by-election|url=http://www.westislandchronicle.com/News/Politics/2008-08-13/article-636167/Tight-Liberal-NDP-race-predicted-for-Westmount-Ville-Marie-by-election/1|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=The West Island Chronicle|date=August 13, 2008}}</ref>

===Member of 40th Parliament===
Garneau was a member of the Industry, Science and Technology committee of the 40th Parliament. He also served on the Canada-Japan interparliamentary group.<ref name=oc>{{cite web | url=https://www.ourcommons.ca/Members/en/marc-garneau(10524)/roles | title=Roles - Hon. Marc Garneau - Current and Past - Members of Parliament - House of Commons of Canada }}</ref>

===41st Parliament and leadership campaign===
{{see also|2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election}}
Garneau was narrowly re-elected in the [[2011 Canadian federal election|2011 election]] where he beat New Democratic Party candidate Joanne Corbeil. He was Liberal House leader and served from 2013 as Liberal foreign affairs critic. He was a candidate for interim leadership of the Liberal Party, but was ultimately defeated by [[Bob Rae]].<ref name="rae">{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberals-choose-rae-as-interim-leader-1.1012598|title=Liberals choose Rae as interim leader|date=May 25, 2011|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|access-date=May 25, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/996650--rae-takes-over-the-liberal-reins|title=Rae takes over the Liberal reins|date=May 25, 2011|work=Toronto Star|access-date=May 25, 2011}}</ref> Garneau announced later that year that he was considering a bid for the permanent leadership of the party.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mp-garneau-eyes-run-at-liberal-leadership-1.1009092|title=MP Garneau eyes run at Liberal leadership|date=December 25, 2011|access-date=September 24, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> In the summer of 2012, he announced that he was looking for a "dream team" to run his leadership bid and that he would only run if he could find the right people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://o.canada.com/uncategorized/garneau-searching-for-mission-control-before-launching-leadership-bid|title=Marc Garneau searching for mission control before launching Liberal leadership bid|last=Berthiaume|first=Lee|date=August 15, 2012|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Canada.com|archive-date=July 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714150409/http://o.canada.com/uncategorized/garneau-searching-for-mission-control-before-launching-leadership-bid|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://o.canada.com/2012/09/11/garneau-preparing-for-liftoff/|title=Marc Garneau preparing for liftoff with Liberals|last=Den Tandt|first=Michael|date=September 11, 2012|access-date=September 24, 2012|newspaper=Canada.com|archive-date=May 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517002712/http://o.canada.com/2012/09/11/garneau-preparing-for-liftoff/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On November 21, 2012, Garneau was named his party's natural resources critic after [[David McGuinty]] resigned the post.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mp-mcguinty-drops-critic-role-over-go-back-to-alberta-gibe-1.1203150|title=MP McGuinty drops critic role over 'go back to Alberta' gibe|date=November 21, 2012|access-date=December 10, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref>

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party, placing a heavy focus on the economy.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/mr-harper-is-a-one-trick-pony-marc-garneau-says-launching-liberal-leadership-bid/article5749056/|title='Mr. Harper is a one-trick pony,' Marc Garneau says, launching Liberal leadership bid|last=LeBlanc|first=Daniel|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=November 28, 2012|newspaper=Globe and Mail}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/garneau-s-liberal-leadership-campaign-officially-blasts-off-1.1056701|title=Garneau's Liberal leadership campaign officially blasts off|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=November 28, 2012|newspaper=CTV News}}</ref> While fellow leadership candidate [[Justin Trudeau]] was widely seen as the front-runner in the race, Garneau was thought to be his main challenger among the candidates.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://globalnews.ca/news/313596/does-marc-garneau-create-problems-for-justin-trudeau/|title=Does Marc Garneau create problems for Justin Trudeau?|last=Abma|first=Derek|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Global News}}</ref> With his entrance into the leadership race he resigned his post as Liberal House leader, while remaining the party's critic for natural resources.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.therecord.com/news/canada/2012/11/28/ex-astronaut-marc-garneau-blasts-into-federal-liberal-leadership-race|title=Ex-astronaut Marc Garneau blasts into federal Liberal leadership race|last=Blatchford|first=Andy|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=August 15, 2021|newspaper=The Record}}</ref>

At the press conference announcing his candidacy Garneau ruled out any form of co-operation with the [[Green Party of Canada|Green Party]] or [[New Democratic Party (Canada)|New Democratic Party]] to help defeat the [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative Party]] in the next election, which was proposed by leadership candidate [[Joyce Murray]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ex-astronaut-marc-garneau-launches-liberal-leadership-bid-1.1238333|title=Ex-astronaut Marc Garneau launches Liberal leadership bid|last=MacKinnon|first=Leslie|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=November 28, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref>

[[File:Secretary Kelly Visits Ottawa (33317504551).jpg|thumb|Garneau and other members of [[Justin Trudeau|Trudeau]]'s cabinet welcoming U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security [[John F. Kelly]] in March 2017]]

On January 30, 2013, Garneau was replaced as natural resources critic by [[Ted Hsu]]. Garneau had been serving in the position on an interim basis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.macleans.ca/2013/01/30/the-return-of-david-mcguinty/|title=The return of David McGuinty|date=January 30, 2013|access-date=February 7, 2013|newspaper=Maclean's}}</ref> On March 13, 2013 Garneau announced his withdrawal from the race, and threw his support to front-runner [[Justin Trudeau]]. On September 18, 2013, Garneau was named co-chair of the Liberal International Affairs Council of Advisors, providing advice on foreign and defence issues to [[Liberal Party of Canada]] leader [[Justin Trudeau]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Den Tandt|first=Michael|title=Andrew Leslie, former commander of Canadian Army, joins Trudeau's team as adviser|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/former-commander-of-canadian-army-retired-general-andrew-leslie-joins-trudeaus-team-as-adviser|access-date=August 15, 2021|newspaper=National Post|date=September 18, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Liberals Unveil Co-Chairs of International Affairs Council of Advisors|url=http://www.liberal.ca/newsroom/news-release/liberals-unveil-cochairs-international-affairs-council-advisors/|work=liberal.ca|publisher=Liberal Party of Canada|access-date=September 18, 2013}}</ref>

=== Minister of Transport in the 42nd Parliament ===
In the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 elections]] held on October 19, 2015, Garneau was re-elected as MP in the newly created riding of [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount]]. Two weeks later, on November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed the minister of transport by Prime Minister [[Justin Trudeau]].

In May 2017, Garneau introduced an airline passenger bill of rights to standardize how passengers can be treated by airlines which operate any flights in and out of Canada. The legislation would create minimum compensation rates for overbooking, lost or damaged luggage, and bumping passengers off flights. It would also prohibit airlines from removing people from the flight if they have purchased a ticket and set the standard for [[Airport apron|tarmac]] delays and airline treatment of passengers when flights are delayed or cancelled over events in the airline's control, or because of weather conditions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39930241|title=Canada government tables airline passenger bill of rights|date=May 16, 2017|website=[[BBC News]]|access-date=May 17, 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Secretary Blinken Meets with Canadian Foreign Minister Marc Garneau (51191398390).jpg|thumb|Garneau meets with [[United States Secretary of State|U.S. Secretary of State]] [[Antony Blinken|Antony J. Blinken]] in [[Reykjavík|Reykjavik]] in May 2021.]]

In March 2019, after days of initial refusal to take actions following the crash of [[Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302]], Garneau who had even gone so far as to say on 11 March that he would board 737 MAX 8 "without hesitation" as an apparent show of support for the Boeing Company,<ref name=hupo>{{cite news |title=Transport Minister Marc Garneau Would Board Boeing 737 'Without Hesitation' Despite Crash |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2019/03/11/transport-minister-marc-garneau-would-board-boeing-737-without-hesitation-despite-crash_a_23689978/ |work=HuffPost Canada |date=March 11, 2019 |access-date=March 13, 2019 |archive-date=April 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409132241/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2019/03/11/transport-minister-marc-garneau-would-board-boeing-737-without-hesitation-despite-crash_a_23689978/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> finally agreed on 13 March to [[Boeing 737 MAX groundings|ground]] and prohibit all [[Boeing 737 Max]] aircraft from flying in Canadian airspace.<ref name=grounds>{{cite web| url = https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/garneau-boeing-ethiopia-crash-1.5054234| title = Canada grounds Boeing 737 Max 8, bans jet from airspace following fatal crashes |publisher= CBC News |first=Catharine |last=Tunney |date=13 March 2019}}</ref> The [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]] followed suit later that day.<ref name="klcnn">{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |title=Trump administration grounds Boeing 737 Max planes |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/13/politics/donald-trump-boeing-faa/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=13 March 2019}}</ref> This stood in contrast to the ministry's previous stance, where Garneau insisted the plane was safe to fly, thus making Canada one of the only two nations still flying a substantial number of Boeing 737 Max planes at the time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/12/africa/airlines-suspend-boeing-flights-intl/index.html|title=US and Canada are the only two nations still flying many Boeing 737 Max planes|agency=CNN|date=March 12, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Canada's transport minister has no plans to ground Boeing 737|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/canada-s-transport-minister-has-no-plans-to-ground-boeing-737-1.4332697|date=March 12, 2019|agency=CTV news}}</ref>

=== Minister of Foreign Affairs in the 43rd Parliament===
Garneau continued to serve as Minister of Transport after the elections to the 43rd Parliament held in October 2019. He was at Transport for the first two years of the [[Covid-19 pandemic]], and thus he was responsible to enforce the ''[[Quarantine Act, 2005|Quarantine Act]]'' as lieutenant to the Minister of Health [[Patty Hajdu]]; during this time he made many decisions that would affect the lives of travellers in co-ordination with Hadju.<ref name="pmcjtm20">{{cite news |title=Prime Minister announces new actions under Canada's COVID-19 response |url=https://www.pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-releases/2020/03/16/prime-minister-announces-new-actions-under-canadas-covid-19-response |publisher=Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau |date=16 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="ciscan">{{cite news |title=Pre-departure COVID-19 testing and negative results to be required for all air travellers coming to Canada |url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/pre-departure-covid-19-testing-and-negative-results-to-be-required-for-all-air-travellers-coming-to-canada-822561520.html |publisher=Cision Canada |date=31 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="cbcjpt">{{cite news |last1=Tasker |first1=John Paul |title=New federal rule on COVID-19 tests for air passengers in effect |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/air-travellers-negative-covid-19-test-1.5863509 |publisher=CBC |date=6 January 2021}}</ref>

Garneau then served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from January 12, 2021 until October 26, 2021.<ref name=oc/> On January 12, 2021, following the resignation of [[Navdeep Bains]] as [[Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry|minister of innovation, science and industry]], Prime Minister [[Justin Trudeau]] shuffled the Cabinet, with Garneau becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs and [[Omar Alghabra]] taking his place at Transport.<ref>{{cite news|last=|first=|date=January 11, 2021|title=Trudeau to shuffle ministers as Navdeep Bains leaves cabinet|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-cabinet-shuffle-small-1.5869541|access-date=January 12, 2021}}</ref> Garneau was described as one of the most qualified and capable members of Cabinet.<ref name="nationalpost.com">{{Cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/opinion/peter-f-trent-trudeau-shows-he-holds-little-regard-for-competency-by-turfing-cabinets-brightest-light-marc-garneau|title=Peter F. Trent: Trudeau shows he holds little regard for competency by turfing cabinet's brightest light, Marc Garneau|newspaper=National Post|date=October 27, 2021}}</ref><ref name="montrealgazette.com">{{cite web |last1=Trent |first1=Peter F. |title=Opinion: Marc Garneau, the 'anti-politician,' deserves better |url=https://www.montrealgazette.com/opinion/article178630.html |publisher=Montreal Gazette |access-date=26 March 2025 |date=27 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="theglobeandmail.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-garneaus-departure-means-trudeau-will-have-five-foreign-affairs/|title = Garneau's departure means Trudeau will have had five foreign affairs ministers in six years. That's a travesty|newspaper = The Globe and Mail|date = October 25, 2021|last1 = Ibbitson|first1 = John}}</ref>

===44th Parliament and retirement===
Following the cabinet shuffle stemming from the [[2021 Canadian federal election|election in October 2021]], Garneau was dropped from Cabinet on October 26, despite being re-elected to his seat in the House.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2021/10/26/justin-trudeau-drops-marc-garneau-from-cabinet-but-wont-say-why.html|title=Justin Trudeau drops Marc Garneau from cabinet, but won't say why|first=Alex|last=Ballingall|date=26 October 2021|access-date=2 November 2021|publisher=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref> Some have speculated that Garneau did not remain in cabinet due to his age, being sacrificed in the name of gender parity, and that he reportedly refused to be subservient to the Prime Minister’s Office.<ref name="nationalpost.com"/><ref name="montrealgazette.com"/><ref name="theglobeandmail.com"/>

On March 8, 2023, Garneau announced that he would resign his seat and retire from politics.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-resigning-1.6771673| title=Former cabinet minister Marc Garneau resigning from House of Commons| first=Richard| last=Raycraft| date=March 8, 2023| website=cbc.ca| url-status=live| archive-date=March 8, 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308165608/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-resigning-1.6771673}}</ref> He gave his farewell speech in the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] the same day.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/liberal-mp-marc-garneau-resigning-his-seat| title= 'Great loss': Veteran Liberal MP Marc Garneau is resigning his seat| first1=Christopher| last1=Nardi| first2=Catherine| last2=Lévesque| website=nationalpost.com| date=March 8, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/House/441/Debates/166/HAN166-E.PDF#page=21| title=Debates of the House of Commons - Hansard No. 166 - 44-1| date=March 8, 2023| website=ourcommons.ca| page=21| url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309141311/https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/House/441/Debates/166/HAN166-E.PDF| archive-date=March 9, 2023}}</ref> The [[2023 Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount federal by-election|by-election]] to replace him in parliament occurred June 19, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 federal byelections set for June in Quebec, Ontario and Manitoba {{!}} Globalnews.ca |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9697428/canada-federal-byelections/ |access-date=2023-05-31 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref> Liberal [[Anna Gainey]] succeeded him, with almost as big a majority of votes as Garneau had won previously.

In retirement he continued to advocate for the advantages of human spaceflight in building space infrastructure for monitoring the planet and for communications.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Garneau |first1=Marc |title=When it comes to space, Canada has always reached for the stars |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-when-it-comes-to-space-canada-has-always-reached-for-the-stars/ |publisher=The Globe and Mail |access-date=1 April 2025 |date=4 October 2024 |quote="going to space is about much more than humans living on a space station or going to the moon or eventually to Mars. It’s also about building the invisible space infrastructure that helps us monitor what is happening to our planet, communicate with each other, predict the weather, measure our precise location, and understand the origins of our solar system and, perhaps, even of the universe."}}</ref>

==Awards and honours==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:Navy;color:White" align="center"
|Ribbon || Description || Notes
|-
|[[File:CAN Order of Canada Companion ribbon.svg|80px]] || Companion of the [[Order of Canada]] (C.C.) || 
* Awarded on: May 8, 2003
* Invested on: December 12, 2003<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-14673|title=Captain Marc Garneau|first=Office of the Secretary to the Governor|last=General|website=The Governor General of Canada}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:CAN Order of Canada Officer ribbon.svg|80px]] || Officer of the [[Order of Canada]] (O.C.) || 
* Awarded on: December 17, 1984
* Invested on: April 10, 1985<ref name="auto"/>
|-
|[[File:Canada125 ribbon.png|80px]] || [[125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal]] ||
* 1993
* As an officer of the Order of Canada, he has also received the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html|title=Commemorative Medals of The Queen's Reign in Canada|website=www.christophermccreery.com|access-date=January 13, 2020|archive-date=February 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203154151/http://christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:QEII Golden Jubilee Medal ribbon.png|80px]] || [[Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal]] for Canada||
* 2002
* As an officer of the Order of Canada, he has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal of Canada Medal.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/125-42224|title=Dr. Marc Garneau|first=Office of the Secretary to the Governor|last=General|website=The Governor General of Canada}}</ref>
* Canadian version
|-
|[[File:QEII Diamond Jubilee Medal ribbon.svg|80px]] || [[Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal]] for Canada||
* 2012
* * As a Companion of the Order of Canada, and an elected [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|Member of Parliament]] he has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/126-1158|title=Marc Garneau|first=Office of the Secretary to the Governor|last=General|website=The Governor General of Canada}}</ref>
* Canadian version
|-
|[[File:CAN Canadian Forces Decoration ribbon.svg|80px]] || [[Canadian Forces' Decoration]] (C.D.)||
* For 12 years of service within the [[Canadian Armed Forces]].
|}

Garneau was appointed an Officer of the [[Order of Canada]] in 1984 in recognition of his role as the first Canadian astronaut.  He was promoted the rank of Companion within the order in 2003 for his extensive work with Canada's space program.

He was awarded the [[Canadian Forces' Decoration]] for 12 years of honourable service with the [[Canadian Forces]].

He is honoured with a high school named after him, [[Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute]] in Toronto<ref>[http://marcgarneauci.com/index.php Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute, Toronto, Ontario] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020041943/http://marcgarneauci.com/index.php |date=October 20, 2007 }}</ref> and É.S.P. Marc-Garneau<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marc-garneau.cepeo.on.ca/|title=Accueil – École secondaire publique Marc-Garneau|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref> in [[Trenton, Ontario]].

Garneau is the Honorary Captain of the [[Royal Canadian Sea Cadets]]. In addition, n<sup>o</sup> 599 [[Royal Canadian Air Cadets]] squadron is named in his honour.

Garneau was awarded the [[List of Keys to the City in Canada|Key to the City]] of [[Ottawa]] from [[Marion Dewar]] the [[List of mayors of Ottawa|Mayor of Ottawa]] on December 10, 1984.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Tr8yAAAAIBAJ&pg=4158,113765&hl=en|title=Ottawa Citizen – Google News Archive Search|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ottawa.ca/en/city-hall/your-city-government/policies-and-administrative-structure/key-city |title=Key to the City |access-date=December 17, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115031249/http://ottawa.ca/en/city-hall/your-city-government/policies-and-administrative-structure/key-city |archive-date=January 15, 2016 }}</ref>

He was inducted into the [[International Space Hall of Fame]] in 1992.<ref name=ep5>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29989179/el_paso_times/|title=5 Inducted Into Space Hall of Fame|newspaper=El Paso Times|location=El Paso, Texas|date=October 5, 1992|page=8|agency=Associated Press|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

==Honorary degrees==
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
! style="width:20%;"| Location
! style="width:20%;"| Date
! style="width:40%;"| School
! style="width:20%;"| Degree
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || May 17, 1985 || [[Royal Military College of Canada]] || Doctor of Military Science (DMSc)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rmc-cmr.ca/en/royal-military-college-canada-honorary-degree-recipients|title=Royal Military College of Canada Honorary Degree Recipients|first=Pete|last=Bennett|date=July 19, 2016|website=www.rmc-cmr.ca}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Nova Scotia}} || 1985 || [[Technical University of Nova Scotia]] || [[Doctor of Engineering]]  (D.Eng)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dal.ca/academics/convocation/ceremonies/honorary_degree_recipients/hon_degree_1892_1999.html |title=1892 ‑ 1999 Honorary Degree Recipients |work=Dalhousie University |access-date=December 17, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125052813/http://www.dal.ca/academics/convocation/ceremonies/honorary_degree_recipients/hon_degree_1892_1999.html |archive-date=November 25, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Quebec}} || 1985 || [[Laval University]] || 
|-
| {{Flagu|Quebec}} || 1990 || [[Royal Military College Saint-Jean]] || 
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || 1997 || [[University of Ottawa]] || [[Doctor of the University]] (D.Univ)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uottawa.ca/president/people/garneau-marc#Array|title=GARNEAU, Marc – Office of the President – University of Ottawa|access-date=December 17, 2015|archive-date=April 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424141913/https://www.uottawa.ca/president/people/garneau-marc#Array|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Alberta}} || Spring 2001 || [[University of Lethbridge]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uleth.ca/governance/sites/governance/files/UofL%20Honorary%20Degree%20Recipients%20July%202015_0.pdf |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |publisher=University of Lethbridge |access-date=September 14, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209004207/http://www.uleth.ca/governance/sites/governance/files/UofL%20Honorary%20Degree%20Recipients%20July%202015_0.pdf |archive-date=December 9, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || Spring 2002 || [[York University]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://secretariat.info.yorku.ca/senate/sub-committee-on-honorary-degrees-and-ceremonials/honorary-degree-recipients/ |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |access-date=December 17, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318112748/http://secretariat.info.yorku.ca/senate/sub-committee-on-honorary-degrees-and-ceremonials/honorary-degree-recipients/ |archive-date=March 18, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Quebec}} || December 2004 || [[Concordia University]] || [[Doctor of Laws]]  (LL.D)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.concordia.ca/offices/archives/honorary-degree-recipients/2004/12/marc-garneau.html|title=Honorary degree citation – Marc&nbsp;Garneau|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || November 2005 || [[McMaster University]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://secretariat.mcmaster.ca/|title=University Secretariat}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Alberta}} || 2006 || [[Athabasca University]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://convocation.athabascau.ca/about/HRpast.php|title=Past Honorary Degree Recipients|work=Convocation, Athabasca University|access-date=December 17, 2015|archive-date=October 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026192756/https://convocation.athabascau.ca/about/HRpast.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|British Columbia}} || 2006 || [[British Columbia Institute of Technology]] || [[Doctor of Technology]] (D.Tech)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcit.ca/about/awards/doctoraterecipients.shtml|title=BCIT : : About the Institute : : Honorary Doctorate of Technology Recipient|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref>
|-
|}

{{Incomplete list|date=August 2015}}

==Electoral record==

{{2021 Canadian federal election/Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount}}
{{2019 Canadian federal election/Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount}}

{{Canadian election result/top|CA|2015|Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount|percent=yes|change=yes|expenditures=yes}}
{{CANelec|CA|Liberal|Marc Garneau|29,755|57.67|+19.43|$116,633.55}}
{{CANelec|CA|NDP|James Hughes|11,229|21.76|−13.29|$121,985.65}}
{{CANelec|CA|Conservative|Richard Sagala|7,414|14.37|−3.28|$23,826.12}}
{{CANelec|CA|Green|Melissa Kate Wheeler|1,581|3.06|−1.32|$1,243.50}}
{{CANelec|CA|BQ|Simon Quesnel|1,282|2.48|−1.59|$2,358.94}}
{{CANelec|CA|Marxist-Leninist|Rachel Hoffman|181|0.35|–|–}}
{{CANelec|CA|Independent|Lisa Julie Cahn|151|0.29|–|–}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total valid votes/Expense limit|51,593|100.00|–|$214,383.86}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total rejected ballots|311|0.60|–|–}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Turnout|51,904|65.21|–|–}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Eligible voters|79,597|–|–|–}}
{{CANelec/source|Source: [[Elections Canada]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://enr.elections.ca/ElectoralDistricts.aspx?lang=e|title=Election Night Results – Electoral Districts|first=Elections|last=Canada|website=enr.elections.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elections.ca/content2.aspx?section=can&dir=cand%2Fcanlim&document=index&lang=e |title=Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates |access-date=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815061116/http://www.elections.ca/content2.aspx?section=can&dir=cand%2Fcanlim&document=index&lang=e |archive-date=August 15, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|}}
{{end}}

{{2011 Canadian federal election/Westmount—Ville-Marie}}
{{2008 Canadian federal election/Westmount—Ville-Marie}}

{{Canadian election result/top|CA|2006|Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district)|Vaudreuil—Soulanges|percent=yes|change=yes|expenditures=yes}}
{{CANelec|CA|BQ|[[Meili Faille]]|27,012|43.16| −1.13| $85,133}}
{{CANelec|CA|Liberal|Marc Garneau|17,768|28.39|−10.41 | $79,413}}
{{CANelec|CA|Conservative|Stephane Bourgon|11,889|19.00|+10.81 | $35,090}}
{{CANelec|CA|NDP|Bert Markgraf|3,468|5.54|+1.64 | $3,385}}
{{CANelec|CA|Green|Pierre Pariseau-Legault |2,450|3.91|+0.14 | $1,144}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total valid votes/Expense limit|62,587|100.00 | $85,543}}
{{CANelec/hold|CA|BQ|+9.28}}
{{end}}

==See also==
*[[List of Canadian university leaders]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{wikiquote}}
* [https://mgarneau.liberal.ca/en/ Official website]
* [https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-marc-garneau Bio and mandate from the Prime Minister] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515160043/https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-marc-garneau |date=May 15, 2021 }}
*{{Canadian Parliament links|ID=17305}}
* [http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/astronauts/biogarneau.asp Canadian Space Agency biography]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110416081212/http://www.nasa.gov/externalflash/the_shuttle/113.html NASA biography]
* [http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/international/english/garneau_marc.htm Spacefacts biography of Marc Garneau]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/archives/topic/marc-garneau-canadian-space-pioneer CBC Digital Archives – Marc Garneau: Canadian Space Pioneer]
*{{Canadian Parliament links|ID=17305}}
* [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marc-garneau/ Marc Garneau]

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{{Canadian federal ministry navigational box header |ministry=29}}
{{ministry box cabinet posts
|post2preceded = [[François-Philippe Champagne]]
|post2         = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
|post2years    = January 12, 2021 – October 26, 2021
|post2followed = [[Mélanie Joly]]
|post1preceded = [[Lisa Raitt]]
|post1         = [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]]
|post1years    = November 4, 2015 – January 12, 2021
|post1followed = [[Omar Alghabra]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Justin Trudeau Ministry}}
{{CanCabinet}}
{{CA-Ministers of Transport}}
{{CA-Ministers of Foreign Affairs}}
{{CA-Ministers for International Trade}}
{{Canadian Space Agency}}
{{NASA Astronaut Group 14}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garneau, Marc}}
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